WO2024114061A1 - 排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆 - Google Patents

排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024114061A1
WO2024114061A1 PCT/CN2023/121072 CN2023121072W WO2024114061A1 WO 2024114061 A1 WO2024114061 A1 WO 2024114061A1 CN 2023121072 W CN2023121072 W CN 2023121072W WO 2024114061 A1 WO2024114061 A1 WO 2024114061A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
channel
connecting edge
treatment device
edge
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PCT/CN2023/121072
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戚朋飞
杨旭
杨辉前
张友群
魏亚平
Original Assignee
深蓝汽车科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2024114061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024114061A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle batteries, and in particular to an exhaust gas treatment device, a battery and a vehicle having the same.
  • the patent with publication number CN108091947A and titled Safety Control System for Power Battery Packs for Electric Vehicles discloses a safety control system for power battery packs for electric vehicles, which is mainly used for the diagnosis of thermal runaway and cannot handle the ejection of battery cells after thermal runaway;
  • the patent with publication number CN214492726U and titled A New Type of Exhaust Device for Battery Packs of Electric Vehicles discloses a new type of exhaust device for battery packs of electric vehicles, but it only ensures that the gas generated after thermal runaway of the battery pack can be discharged quickly, and does not handle the exhaust smoke, which cannot well ensure the safety of passengers. Therefore, how to design an exhaust treatment device so that the exhaust gas is colorless and non-toxic to protect the safety of passengers has become a problem to be solved in this field.
  • the present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.
  • one object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas treatment device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery having the above exhaust gas treatment device.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle having the battery.
  • an exhaust treatment device comprises a first filter portion, wherein the first filter portion is formed with a first channel, a filter sheet suitable for closing the first channel is arranged in the first channel, and the filter sheet is suitable for conducting the first channel when the pressure at the air inlet of the first channel reaches a preset pressure; and a second filter portion, wherein the second filter portion is formed with a first channel.
  • a second channel is formed, the second channel is communicated with the first channel, and at least a portion of the inner wall of the second channel is coated with a catalytic layer.
  • the first filter part filters and adsorbs particulate matter
  • the second filter part catalyzes harmful gases, so that the gas discharged from the outside of the battery is colorless and non-toxic, thereby protecting the safety of passengers and avoiding environmental pollution.
  • exhaust gas treatment device may also have the following additional technical features:
  • At least a portion of the edge of the filter plate is formed with a first connecting edge
  • at least another portion of the edge of the filter plate is formed with a second connecting edge
  • the first connecting edge and the second connecting edge are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first channel
  • one of the first connecting edge and the second connecting edge is disconnected from the inner wall of the first channel when the pressure at the air inlet of the first channel reaches a preset pressure to open the first channel
  • a third connecting edge located between the first connecting edge and the second connecting edge is provided on the filter plate, and the third connecting edge is disconnected when the pressure at the air inlet of the first channel reaches a preset pressure to open the first channel.
  • the filter plate includes: a first filter plate, the first filter plate is constructed as a plurality of filter plates and at least a portion of the edge of each of the first filter plates is constructed as the first connecting edge or the second connecting edge, and the first filter plate is connected to the inner wall of the first channel through the first connecting edge or the second connecting edge; a second filter plate, at least a portion of the edge of the second filter plate is constructed as the third connecting edge, and the second filter plate is connected to at least one of the first filter plates through the third connecting edge.
  • the exhaust treatment device further includes: a third filter plate, at least a portion of the edge of the third filter plate is configured as the third connecting edge, and the third filter plate is connected to at least another portion of the edge of the second filter plate through the third connecting edge.
  • the first filter plates are configured as two, and the two first filter plates are respectively arranged on the inner walls of the first channel that are opposite to each other;
  • the second filter plates are configured as a plurality of filter plates connected in sequence, and the plurality of second filter plates are connected to the sides of the two first filter plates facing each other.
  • the two connected second filter sheets are hingedly connected.
  • a magnetic adsorption component is provided on the third connecting edge.
  • projections of the plurality of first filters and the plurality of second filters in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first channel overlap.
  • the filter sheet includes: a filter element and a filter plate, the filter plate is arranged on at least one side of the filter element in a thickness direction, and the filter plate is provided with filter holes.
  • the second filter portion includes: an outer frame portion, in which a accommodating cavity is formed that passes through in the direction of airflow; and a catalytic portion, which is arranged in the accommodating cavity and has a plurality of second channels spaced apart from each other.
  • a cross section of the second channel is configured as a regular polygon.
  • a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned exhaust gas treatment device.
  • a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a first filter portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a connection method between filter sheets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG5 is a diagram showing a failure state of a first filter unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG6 is a side view of a second filter portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a catalyst portion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG8 is a side view of a first filter portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of a first filter portion according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Exhaust treatment device 1 A first filter portion 11, a second filter portion 12, a first filter sheet 13, a second filter sheet 14, a first connecting edge 15, The second connecting edge 16 , the third connecting edge 17 , the filter element 18 , the filter plate 19 , the outer frame 20 , the catalytic part 21 , the air inlet 22 , the air outlet 23 , the magnetic adsorption part 24 , and the third filter sheet 25 .
  • an exhaust gas treatment device 1 includes a first filter unit 11 and a second filter unit 12 .
  • the first filter portion 11 forms a first channel, and a filter sheet suitable for closing the first channel is arranged in the first channel.
  • the filter sheet is suitable for opening the first channel when the pressure of the air inlet 22 of the first channel reaches a preset pressure.
  • the second filter portion 12 is formed with a second channel, the second channel is communicated with the first channel, and at least a portion of the inner wall of the second channel is coated with a catalytic layer.
  • an exhaust treatment device 1 of an embodiment of the present invention by setting a first filter part 11 and a second filter part 12 in the battery pack airway, wherein the first filter part 11 is used to filter and adsorb particulate matter, and the second filter part 12 is used to catalyze harmful gases into harmless gases, it can effectively reduce the harmful gases and particulate matter generated when the battery pack fails safely, prevent harmful substances from being discharged from the battery pack, improve the safety of passengers, and enhance the quality of new energy vehicles.
  • a filter sheet is set in the first filter part 11 for filtering particulate matter; at least part of the inner wall of the second filter part 12 is coated with a catalytic layer for converting harmful gases into harmless gases.
  • the number of filters in the first filter section should be configured according to the nominal capacity of a single cell in the battery pack.
  • the cell capacity is less than or equal to 100Ah
  • two filters should be configured.
  • the cell capacity is greater than 100Ah and less than or equal to 200Ah
  • four filters should be configured.
  • the cell capacity is greater than 200Ah
  • five filters should be configured.
  • the number of second filter sections should be configured according to the nominal capacity of a single cell in the battery pack.
  • the cell capacity is less than or equal to 100Ah
  • one second filter section should be configured.
  • the cell capacity is greater than 100Ah
  • two second filter sections should be configured.
  • At least a portion of the edge of the filter is formed with a first connecting edge 15, and at least another portion of the edge of the filter is formed with a second connecting edge 16, and the first connecting edge 15 and the second connecting edge 16 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first channel;
  • the inner wall includes: a left side wall, a right side wall, an upper wall and a bottom wall.
  • the first connecting edge 15 on the filter is connected to the upper wall in the first channel, and the second connecting edge 16 is connected to the bottom wall of the first channel.
  • the filter is provided with a third connecting edge 17 located between the first connecting edge 15 and the second connecting edge 16, and the third connecting edge 17 is disconnected when the pressure at the air inlet 22 of the first channel reaches a preset pressure to conduct the first channel.
  • the first connection edge 15 and the second connection edge 16 of the filter are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first channel, that is, the filter closes the first channel.
  • the filter closes the first channel.
  • the filter plate when the filter plate is constructed as one, that is, the filter plate is provided with a first connecting edge 15 and a second connecting edge 16, the filter plate is connected to the inner wall of the first channel through the first connecting edge 15 and the second connecting edge 16 respectively.
  • the first connecting edge 15 or the second connecting edge 16 When the pressure reaches a preset pressure, the first connecting edge 15 or the second connecting edge 16 will be disconnected to open the first channel.
  • one of the filter plates is provided with a first connecting edge 15, and the other filter plate is provided with a second connecting edge 16.
  • the two filter plates are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first channel through the first connecting edge 15 and the second connecting edge 16, and the two filter plates are connected through a third connecting edge 17.
  • the third connecting edge 17 will be disconnected to open the first channel.
  • the filter plate includes: a first filter plate 13 and a second filter plate 14.
  • the first filter plate 13 is configured as a plurality of first filter plates 13, and at least a portion of the edge of each first filter plate 13 is configured as a first connecting edge 15 or a second connecting edge 16, and the first filter plate 13 is connected to the inner wall of the first channel through the first connecting edge 15 or the second connecting edge 16; at least a portion of the edge of the second filter plate 14 is configured as a third connecting edge 17, and the second filter plate 14 is connected to at least one first filter plate 13 through the third connecting edge 17.
  • the outer periphery of the first filter 13 is formed by sequentially connecting the first connecting edge 15 and the second connecting edge 16, the outer periphery of the first filter 13 is connected to the inner wall of the first channel, a through hole is provided on the first filter 13, and the outer periphery of the second filter 14 is provided with a third connecting edge 17, the third connecting edge 17 is adjacent to the inner periphery of the through hole, and when the pressure of the connecting channel reaches a preset pressure, the third connecting edge 17 is disconnected to conduct the first channel.
  • the third connecting edge 17 can be constructed as a curve, a straight line, or a combination of a curve and a straight line.
  • the exhaust treatment device 1 further includes: a third filter plate 25 , at least a portion of the edge of the third filter plate 25 is configured as a third connecting edge 17 , and the third filter plate 25 is connected to at least another portion of the edge of the second filter plate 14 via the third connecting edge 17 .
  • the disconnection path of the entire filter is increased when the pressure at the first channel air inlet 22 reaches a preset pressure, thereby avoiding the first filter portion 11 from generating excessive flow resistance and preventing the problem of sealing failure due to excessive internal pressure in the battery pack.
  • increasing the disconnection path can also ensure that unabsorbed particulate matter passes through the failed filter, thereby being filtered and adsorbed by the next filter.
  • the filter plates when there are five filter plates, two of the filter plates are provided with a first connection edge 15 and a second connection edge 16, and the two filter plates are connected to the inner wall of the first channel through the first connection edge 15 and the second connection edge 16, respectively, and the remaining three filter plates are sequentially connected to the first end through the third connection edge 17 and are connected to the other ends of the two filter plates through the third connection edge 17.
  • the first filter plate 13 is connected to the inner wall
  • the second filter plate 14 is connected to the first filter plate 13
  • the third filter plate 25 is only connected to the second filter plate 14.
  • the first filter sheet 13 is configured as two, and the two first filter sheets 13 are respectively arranged on the inner walls facing each other in the first channel;
  • the second filter sheet 14 is configured as a plurality of sequentially connected, and the plurality of second filter sheets 14 are connected to the sides of the two first filter sheets 13 facing each other.
  • the two connected second filter sheets 14 are hingedly connected.
  • the hinge disposed between the two connected second filter sheets 14 has the function of limiting the pendulum of the second filter sheets 14.
  • the two connected second filter sheets 14 are folded together and close to each other. Since the hinge has the function of limiting the pendulum of the second filter sheets 14, as shown in FIG5, the two second filter sheets 14 can always remain horizontal after folding.
  • the two connected second filter sheets 14 are hingedly connected, which increases the connection strength between the second filter sheets 14.
  • the connected second filter sheets 14 can be folded together to leave a larger flow channel to avoid the blockage of particulate matter and the problem of excessive pressure inside the battery pack.
  • a magnetic adsorption member 24 is provided on the third connection edge 17. Since the magnetic adsorption member 24 is provided on the third connection edge 17, and the connection method at the third connection edge 17 is magnetic adsorption, when the filter plate adsorbs too many particles and becomes clogged, the pressure inside the battery pack gradually increases, and when the pressure reaches the preset pressure, the magnetic adsorption member 24 on the third connection edge 17 is pushed to open, so that the subsequent filter plate can filter and adsorb the particles, and at the same time, the problem of sealing failure caused by excessive pressure inside the battery pack is avoided.
  • the projections of the plurality of first filters 13 and the plurality of second filters 14 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first channel overlap. Since the projections of the plurality of first filters 13 and the plurality of second filters 14 in a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first channel overlap, when the pressure between two connected second filters 14 or between the first filter 13 and the second filter 14 reaches a preset pressure, the third connecting edge 17 is disconnected, and the two filters 14 can be folded together to leave a larger flow channel, thereby avoiding the blockage of particulate matter and causing the problem of excessive pressure inside the battery pack.
  • the filter sheet includes: a filter element 18 and a filter plate 19.
  • the filter plate 19 is arranged on at least one side of the filter element 18 in the thickness direction, and filter holes are arranged on the filter plate 19.
  • the filter element 18 is used to filter and adsorb particulate matter.
  • the position of the filter element 18 in the first filter part 11 can be fixed, so that the filter element 18 can better contact with and adsorb particulate matter.
  • Filter holes are arranged on the filter plate 19, and the diameter of the filter holes is larger than the diameter of the particulate matter, so it will not affect the filtering effect of the filter element 18. Furthermore, bridging phenomenon will occur during the filtering process of the filter sheet, so that the filter holes can also intercept particulate matter smaller than its diameter.
  • the second filter part 12 includes: an outer frame part 20 and a catalytic part 21.
  • the second filter 12 is provided with a receiving cavity which is connected in the direction of airflow; the catalyst part 21 is provided in the receiving cavity, and the catalyst part 21 is provided with a plurality of second channels which are arranged at intervals from each other.
  • the harmful gas enters the second filter part 12, it contacts the catalyst part 21 in the receiving cavity, and the catalyst on the catalyst part 21 converts the harmful gas into harmless gas, so that the gas discharged from the battery exhaust port 23 is colorless and non-toxic gas, which protects the safety of the passengers to a great extent and also avoids polluting the environment.
  • the cross section of the second channel is configured as a regular polygon.
  • the cross section of the second channel can be configured as a regular hexagon, that is, a honeycomb structure.
  • the battery according to the present invention is briefly described below.
  • the battery according to the present invention is provided with an exhaust treatment device 1 as described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the battery according to the present invention is provided with an exhaust treatment device 1 as described in any one of the above embodiments, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery, harmful gases and particulate matter generated inside the battery can be catalyzed and adsorbed by the exhaust treatment device 1 inside the battery to avoid polluting the environment.
  • the vehicle according to the present invention is provided with a battery as described in any one of the above embodiments. Since the vehicle according to the present invention is provided with a battery as described in any one of the above embodiments, when a safety accident occurs in the vehicle due to thermal runaway of the battery, the exhaust treatment device 1 inside the battery airway can catalyze and adsorb harmful gases and particulate matter generated by the battery, so that the gas discharged after the thermal runaway of the battery is colorless and non-toxic, thereby avoiding environmental pollution and ensuring the safety of the passengers. At the same time, since the discharged gas is colorless and non-toxic, panic of the passengers is avoided, so that the passengers can deal with the safety accident caused by thermal runaway of the battery more calmly.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of “plurality” is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a machine connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • installed can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a machine connection.
  • It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements.
  • a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium.
  • a first feature being “above”, “above” or “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • a first feature being “below”, “below” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

一种排气处理装置(1)，排气处理装置(1)包括：第一过滤部(11)和第二过滤部(12)。所述第一过滤部(11)形成有第一通道，所述第一通道内设置有适于封闭所述第一通道的过滤片，所述过滤片适于在所述第一通道进气口的压力达到预设压力时导通所述第一通道；所述第二过滤部(12)形成有第二通道，所述第二通道与所述第一通道连通，所述第二通道的至少部分内壁涂覆有催化层。

Description

排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年12月02日提交的申请号为202211539947.0、名称为“排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆。
背景技术
随着国内新能源汽车行业的快速发展，在新能源汽车市场占有量不断提高的同时，新能源汽车的安全事故频频发生，其中当新能源汽车，电池包安全失效后热失控会产生大量的喷发物，喷发物中的烟雾可以大量排出电池包外，烟雾中包含大量颗粒物和有毒气体，这严重危害到乘车人的身体健康，大大降低了新能源汽车的品质。
公开号为CN108091947A，名称为电动车用动力电池组安全防控系统的专利公开了一种电动车用动力电池组安全防控系统，主要用于热失控的诊断，并不能处理热失控后电芯的喷发物；公开号为CN214492726U，名称为一种新型电动汽车电池包排气装置的专利，公开了一种新型电动汽车电池包排气装置，但也只是保证电池包热失控后产生的气体可以迅速排出，并未对排出的烟雾进行处理，不能够很好地保证乘车人的安全。因此，如何设计一种排气处理装置，使得排出的气体无色无毒保护乘车人的安全成为了本领域丞待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明的一个目的在于提出一种排气处理装置。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种具有上述排气处理装置的电池。
本发明的另一目的在于提出一种具有上述电池的车辆。
根据本发明实施例的一种排气处理装置，包括第一过滤部，所述第一过滤部形成有第一通道，所述第一通道内设置有适于封闭所述第一通道的过滤片，所述过滤片适于在所述第一通道进气口的压力达到预设压力时导通所述第一通道；第二过滤部，所述第二过滤部形 成有第二通道，所述第二通道与所述第一通道连通，所述第二通道的至少部分内壁涂覆有催化层。
根据本发明实施例的排气处理装置，通过第一过滤部过滤并吸附颗粒物，第二过滤部催化有害气体，使得排出电池外部的气体无色无毒，保护了乘车人的安全，同时也避免了污染环境。
另外，根据本发明上述实施例的排气处理装置还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
根据本发明的一个示例，所述过滤片的至少部分边缘形成有第一连接边，所述过滤片的至少另一部分边缘形成有第二连接边，所述第一连接边与所述第二连接边分别与所述第一通道的内壁连接；其中所述第一连接边与所述第二连接边中的一个在所述第一通道进气口的压力达到预设压力时与所述第一通道的内壁断开以导通所述第一通道；和/或所述过滤片上设置有位于所述第一连接边与所述第二连接边之间的第三连接边，所述第三连接边在所述第一通道进气口的压力达到预设压力时断开以导通所述第一通道。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述过滤片包括：第一过滤片，所述第一过滤片构造为多个且每个所述第一过滤片的至少部分边沿构造为所述第一连接边或第二连接边，所述第一过滤片通过所述第一连接边或所述第二连接边与所述第一通道的内壁连接；第二过滤片，所述第二过滤片的至少部分边沿构造为所述第三连接边，所述第二过滤片通过所述第三连接边与至少一个所述第一过滤片连接。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述排气处理装置还包括：第三过滤片，所述第三过滤片的至少部分边沿构造为所述第三连接边，所述第三过滤片通过所述第三连接边与所述第二过滤片的至少另一部分边沿连接。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述第一过滤片构造为两个，两个第一过滤片分别设置于所述第一通道中彼此正对的内壁；所述第二过滤片构造为依次连接的多个，多个所述第二过滤片连接于两个所述第一过滤片朝向彼此的一侧。
根据本发明的一个示例，相连的两个所述第二过滤片铰链连接。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述第三连接边上设置有磁性吸附件。
根据本发明的一个示例，多个所述第一过滤片与多个所述第二过滤片在垂直于所述第一通道延伸方向上的投影重叠。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述过滤片包括：滤芯和滤板，所述滤板设置于所述滤芯厚度方向上的至少一侧，所述滤板上设置有过滤孔。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述第二过滤部包括：外框部，所述外框部内形成有在气流流通方向上贯通的容纳腔；催化部，所述催化部设置于所述容纳腔内，所述催化部形成有多个彼此间隔设置的所述第二通道。
根据本发明的一个示例，所述第二通道的横截面构造为正多边形。
根据本发明实施例的一种电池，包括上述的排气处理装置。
根据本发明实施例的一种车辆，包括上述的电池。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明实施例的排气处理装置结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的第一过滤部剖视图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的过滤片结构示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的过滤片间的连接方式示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的第一过滤部失效状态图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的第二过滤部侧视图；
图7是根据本发明实施例的催化部横截面示意图；
图8是根据本发明另一个实施例的第一过滤部侧视图；
图9是根据本发明另一个实施例的第一过滤部正视图。
附图标记：
排气处理装置1，
第一过滤部11，第二过滤部12，第一过滤片13，第二过滤片14，第一连接边15，
第二连接边16，第三连接边17，滤芯18，滤板19，外框部20，催化部21，进气口22，排气口23，磁性吸附件24，第三过滤片25。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，旨在用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面参考附图来详细描述根据本发明实施例的排气处理装置。
如图1所示，根据本发明实施例的一种排气处理装置1，包括：第一过滤部11和第二过滤部12。
具体地说，第一过滤部11形成有第一通道，第一通道内设置有适于封闭第一通道的过滤片，过滤片适于在所述第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时导通第一通道。
第二过滤部12形成有第二通道，第二通道与第一通道连通，第二通道的至少部分内壁涂覆有催化层。
根据本发明实施例的一种排气处理装置1，通过在电池包气道内设置第一过滤部11和第二过滤部12，其中第一过滤部11用于过滤并吸附颗粒物，第二过滤部12用于催化有害气体转化为无害气体，能够有效降低当电池包安全失效后产生的有害气体和颗粒物，防止有害物排除电池包外，提高乘车人的安全性，提升新能源汽车的品质。具体地，第一过滤部11内设置有过滤片，用于过滤颗粒物；第二过滤部12的至少部分内壁涂覆有催化层，用于将有害气体转化为无害气体。
进一步地，第一过滤部内过滤片的数量应根据电池包内单电芯的标称容量来配置，当电芯容量小于等于100Ah时，应配置2个过滤片，当电芯容量大于100Ah小于等于200Ah时，应配置4个过滤片，当电芯容量大于200Ah时，应配置5个过滤片；第二过滤部的数量应根据电池包内单电芯的标称容量来配置，当电芯容量小于等于100Ah时，应配置一个第二过滤部，当电芯容量大于100Ah时应配置两个第二过滤部。通过上述配置方案，可以更好地降低当电池包安全失效后产生的有害气体和颗粒物，防止有害物排除电池包外，提高乘车人的安全性，提升新能源汽车的品质。
根据本发明的一个示例，过滤片的至少部分边缘形成有第一连接边15，过滤片的至少另一部分边缘形成有第二连接边16，第一连接边15与第二连接边16分别与第一通道的内壁连接；内壁包括：左侧壁、右侧壁、上壁和底壁。过滤片上第一连接边15与第一通道内的上壁连接，第二连接边16与第一通道的底壁连接。其中第一连接边15与第二连接边16中的一个在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时与第一通道的内壁断开以导通第一通道；和/或过滤片上设置有位于第一连接边15与第二连接边16之间的第三连接边17，第三连接边17在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时断开以导通所述第一通道。
具体地，过滤片的第一连接边15与第二连接边16分别与第一通道的内壁连接，即过滤片封闭第一通道。当电池包安全失效后，产生的有害气体和颗粒物流入第一过滤部11中的第一通道时，过滤片将会过滤、吸附大量的颗粒物，当吸附的颗粒物过多时，即此处的过滤片已经接近失效，此时电池包内部压力逐渐升高，当第一连接边15与第二连接边16中的一个和/或第一连接边15与第二连接边16之间的第三连接边17在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时将会断开以导通第一通道，避免第一过滤部11产生过大流阻，防止电池包内部压力过大产生密封失效等问题。
进一步地，第一连接边15与第二连接边16中的一个和/或第一连接边15与第二连接边16之间的第三连接边17在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时将会断开以导通第一通道，便于有害气体和颗粒物流到下一个过滤片，使下一个过滤片开始吸附颗粒物，依次 递推，直到最后一个过滤片被打开，此时第一过滤部11完全失效。
具体地，当过滤片构造为一个时，即该过滤片上设置有第一连接边15和第二连接边16，过滤片分别通过第一连接边15和第二连接边16连接在第一通道的内壁上，当压力达到预设压力时，第一连接边15或第二连接边16将会断开以导通第一通道。
当过滤片构造为两个时，其中一个过滤片上设置有第一连接边15，另一个过滤片上设置有第二连接边16，两个过滤片分别通过第一连接边15和第二连接边16与第一通道的内壁连接，两个过滤片之间通过第三连接边17连接，当压力达到预设压力时，第三连接边17将会断开以导通第一通道。
根据本发明的一个示例，过滤片包括：第一过滤片13和第二过滤片14。第一过滤片13构造为多个且每个第一过滤片13的至少部分边沿构造为第一连接边15或第二连接边16，第一过滤片13通过第一连接边15或第二连接边16与第一通道的内壁连接；第二过滤片14的至少部分边沿构造为第三连接边17，第二过滤片14通过第三连接边17与至少一个第一过滤片13连接。
其中第一过滤片13的外周沿由第一连接边15和第二连接边16依次相连而成，第一过滤片13的外周与第一通道的内壁连接，在第一过滤片13上设置有通孔，第二过滤片14的外周沿设置有第三连接边17，第三连接边17与通孔的内周沿相邻，并在连通通道的压力达到预设压力时，第三连接边17断开以导通第一通道。其中，第三连接边17可以构造为曲线、直线或曲线与直线的组合。
根据本发明的一个示例，排气处理装置1还包括：第三过滤片25，第三过滤片25的至少部分边沿构造为第三连接边17，第三过滤片25通过第三连接边17与第二过滤片14的至少另一部分边沿连接。
通过将第三过滤片25的至少部分边沿构造为第三连接边17，且第三过滤片25通过第三连接边17与第二过滤片14的至少另一部分边沿连接，增加了整个过滤片在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力时的断开路径，避免了第一过滤部11产生过大的流阻，防止电池包内部压力过大而产生密封失效的问题，另外，增加断开路径还能确保未被吸收的颗粒物通过已失效的过滤片，从而被下一个过滤片过滤、吸附。
具体地，如图8所示，当过滤片构造为五个时，其中两个过滤片上分别设置有第一连接边15和第二连接边16，且这两个过滤片分别通过第一连接边15和第二连接边16连接在第一通道的内壁上，剩下的三个过滤片依次通过第三连接边17首位相连并与上述的两个过滤片的另一端分别通过第三连接边17连接。其中，与内壁相连的为第一过滤片13，与第一过滤片13相连的为第二过滤片14，只与第二过滤片14相连的为第三过滤片25。当连通通道的压力达到预设压力时，第三连接边17断开以导通第一通道。
根据本发明的一个示例，第一过滤片13构造为两个，两个第一过滤片13分别设置于第一通道中彼此正对的内壁；第二过滤片14构造为依次连接的多个，多个第二过滤片14连接于两个第一过滤片13朝向彼此的一侧。通过将第一过滤片13构造为两个，第二过滤片14构造为依次连接的多个，且多个第二过滤片14连接于两个第一过滤片13朝向彼此的一侧，增加了过滤片的断开路径，避免了第一过滤部11产生过大的流阻，防止电池包内部压力过大而产生密封失效的问题。
根据本发明的一个示例，相连的两个第二过滤片14铰链连接。其中，设置在相连的两个第二过滤片14之间的铰链具有限制第二过滤片14悬摆的作用，当第三连接边17由于压力过大断开时，相连的两个第二过滤片14彼此相互折叠靠拢，由于该铰链具有限制第二过滤片14悬摆的作用，如图5所示，因此可以使得两第二过滤片14在折叠后始终保持水平。相连的两个第二过滤片14采用铰链连接，增加了第二过滤片14之间的连接强度，且当第一连接边15与第二连接边16中的一个和/或第一连接边15与第二连接边16之间的第三连接边17在第一通道进气口22的压力达到预设压力而断开时，相连的第二过滤片14之间彼此可相互折叠靠拢以留出更大流通通道，避免颗粒物堵塞，造成电池包内部压力过大的问题。
根据本发明的一个示例，第三连接边17上设置有磁性吸附件24。由于第三连接边17上设置有磁性吸附件24，且在第三连接边17处的连接方式为磁性吸附，因此当过滤片吸附颗粒物过多且发生堵塞时，电池包内部压力逐渐升高，当压力达到预设压力时会推动第三连接边17上的磁性吸附件24打开，便于后续过滤片对颗粒物进行过滤、吸附，同时也避免了电池包内部压力过大，而造成密封失效等问题。
根据本发明的一个示例，多个第一过滤片13与多个第二过滤片14在垂直于第一通道延伸方向上的投影重叠。由于多个第一过滤片13与多个第二过滤片14在垂直于第一通道延伸方向上的投影重叠，因此两个相连的第二过滤片14或第一过滤片13与第二过滤片14之间在压力达到预设压力时，第三连接边17断开，彼此可相互折叠靠拢以留出更大流通通道，避免颗粒物堵塞，造成电池包内部压力过大的问题。
根据本发明的一个示例，过滤片包括：滤芯18和滤板19。滤板19设置于滤芯18厚度方向上的至少一侧，滤板19上设置有过滤孔。其中，滤芯18用于过滤、吸附颗粒物。将滤板19设置于滤芯18厚度方向上的至少一侧，可以固定滤芯18在第一过滤部11中的位置，使得滤芯18能更好的与颗粒物接触并吸附颗粒物。滤板19上设置有过滤孔，且过滤孔直径大于颗粒物直径，故不会影响滤芯18的过滤效果。进一步地，过滤片过滤过程中会出现架桥现象，使得过滤孔还能拦截住小于其直径的颗粒物。
根据本发明的一个示例，第二过滤部12包括：外框部20和催化部21。外框部20内形 成有在气流流通方向上贯通的容纳腔；催化部21设置于容纳腔内，催化部21形成有多个彼此间隔设置的第二通道。具体地，当有害气体进入第二过滤部12后，与容纳腔内的催化部21接触，催化部21上的催化物将有害气体转换为无害气体，使得从电池排气口23排出的气体为无色无毒的气体，极大程度的保护了乘车人的安全，同时也避免了污染环境。
在本发明的一些实施例中，第二通道的横截面构造为正多边形。其中，第二通道的横截面可以构造为正六边形，即构造为蜂巢结构。通过将第二通道构造为横截面为蜂巢结构的通道，提高了第二过滤部12的结构强度，同时增大了有害气体与第二通道中的催化物接触面积，提高了催化效率。
下面简单描述根据本发明的电池。
根据本发明的电池上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的排气处理装置1，由于根据本发明的电池上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的排气处理装置1，因此当电池发生热失控时，电池内部产生的有害气体和颗粒物可以被电池起到内的排气处理装置1催化和吸附，避免污染环境。
下面简单描述根据本发明的车辆。
根据本发明的车辆上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池，由于根据本发明的车辆上设置有上述实施例中任意一项所述的电池，因此当车辆发生由电池热失控引起的安全事故时，电池气道内部的排气处理装置1能把电池产生的有害气体和颗粒物催化和吸附，使得电池热失控后排出的气体无色无毒，避免污染环境，保证了乘车人的安全，同时由于排出的气体无色无毒，避免了乘车人恐慌，使得乘车人能更加冷静的处理由电池热失控引发的安全事故。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机 械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本发明的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，包括：
    第一过滤部(11)，所述第一过滤部(11)形成有第一通道，所述第一通道内设置有适于封闭所述第一通道的过滤片，所述过滤片适于在所述第一通道进气口(22)的压力达到预设压力时导通所述第一通道；
    第二过滤部(12)，所述第二过滤部(12)形成有第二通道，所述第二通道与所述第一通道连通，所述第二通道的至少部分内壁涂覆有催化层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述过滤片的至少部分边缘形成有第一连接边(15)，所述过滤片的至少另一部分边缘形成有第二连接边(16)，所述第一连接边(15)与所述第二连接边(16)分别与所述第一通道的内壁连接；其中
    所述第一连接边(15)与所述第二连接边(16)中的一个在所述第一通道进气口(22)的压力达到预设压力时与所述第一通道的内壁断开以导通所述第一通道；和/或
    所述过滤片上设置有位于所述第一连接边(15)与所述第二连接边(16)之间的第三连接边(17)，所述第三连接边(17)在所述第一通道进气口(22)的压力达到预设压力时断开以导通所述第一通道。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述过滤片包括：
    第一过滤片(13)，所述第一过滤片(13)构造为多个且每个所述第一过滤片(13)的至少部分边沿构造为所述第一连接边(15)或第二连接边(16)，所述第一过滤片(13)通过所述第一连接边(15)或所述第二连接边(16)与所述第一通道的内壁连接；
    第二过滤片(14)，所述第二过滤片(14)的至少部分边沿构造为所述第三连接边(17)，所述第二过滤片(14)通过所述第三连接边(17)与至少一个所述第一过滤片(13)连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述排气处理装置还包括：第三过滤片(25)，所述第三过滤片(25)的至少部分边沿构造为所述第三连接边(17)，所述第三过滤片(25)通过所述第三连接边(17)与所述第二过滤片(14)的至少另一部分边沿连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第一过滤片(13)构造为两个，两个第一过滤片(13)分别设置于所述第一通道中彼此正对的内壁；
    所述第二过滤片(14)构造为依次连接的多个，多个所述第二过滤片(14)连接于两个所述第一过滤片(13)朝向彼此的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，相连的两个所述第二过滤片(14)铰链连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第三连接边(17)上设置有磁性吸附件(24)。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任意一项所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，多个所述第一过滤片(13)与多个所述第二过滤片(14)在垂直于所述第一通道延伸方向上的投影重叠。
  9. 根据权利要求2-8中任意一项所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述过滤片包括：
    滤芯(18)；
    滤板(19)，所述滤板(19)设置于所述滤芯(18)厚度方向上的至少一侧，所述滤板(19)上设置有过滤孔。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第二过滤部(12)包括：
    外框部(20)，所述外框部(20)内形成有在气流流通方向上贯通的容纳腔；
    催化部(21)，所述催化部(21)设置于所述容纳腔内，所述催化部(21)形成有多个彼此间隔设置的所述第二通道。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用于电池的排气处理装置，其特征在于，所述第二通道的横截面构造为正多边形。
  12. 一种电池，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-11中任意一项所述的排气处理装置。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求12所述的电池。
PCT/CN2023/121072 2022-12-02 2023-09-25 排气处理装置、电池及具有其的车辆 WO2024114061A1 (zh)

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