WO2024105541A1 - Module de batterie, bloc-batterie associé et procédé d'assemblage pour former un tel bloc-batterie - Google Patents

Module de batterie, bloc-batterie associé et procédé d'assemblage pour former un tel bloc-batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024105541A1
WO2024105541A1 PCT/IB2023/061445 IB2023061445W WO2024105541A1 WO 2024105541 A1 WO2024105541 A1 WO 2024105541A1 IB 2023061445 W IB2023061445 W IB 2023061445W WO 2024105541 A1 WO2024105541 A1 WO 2024105541A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
battery pack
storage module
port
module according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/061445
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Eleonora CORTELLETTI
Fabrizio Mattiello
Original Assignee
C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni filed Critical C.R.F. Societa' Consortile Per Azioni
Publication of WO2024105541A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024105541A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a battery module that includes a plurality of battery cells and is apt to form a battery pack comprising several modules, in particular for the transport sector, such as for motor vehicles.
  • these packs are each formed of a plurality of storage modules arranged in positions close to each other.
  • Each of the modules includes, in turn, a plurality of battery cells, wrapped in a steel or aluminium sheet, and the poles of said cells are connected to each other to produce the electrical voltage according to the design.
  • the set of modules is accommodated in a housing structure, which may have appropriate elements to physically separate each module from the adjacent ones, so as to guarantee that any fire on one of such modules does not cause either a chain degeneration nor damage the outer walls of the housing structure.
  • the battery pack is cooled by means of one or more channels, in which a heat exchange fluid flows.
  • Said fluid may be defined by a liquid, which is, in turn, cooled by means of the conditioning system of the vehicle passenger compartment, or may be defined by the fluid itself that flows in the conditioning system.
  • the channels in which the heat exchange fluid flows are arranged at a wall that forms part of the housing structure mentioned above and defines the supporting base for the storage modules.
  • the heat exchange it is very important for the heat exchange to be efficient, since the batteries do not withstand to temperatures over around 45°C.
  • the heat exchange must be such as to: guarantee rapid charging (with charging times that it is intended to reduce from 30 to 15 minutes), so the battery cells must deliver a high thermal power;
  • the features of the battery module and the relative battery pack do not undermine the requirements of lightness and compactness normally required on vehicles, as already mentioned here above.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a battery module, which satisfies the needs described above in a simple and inexpensive manner.
  • a battery module is provided, in particular to form a vehicle battery pack, as defined in claim 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a battery pack according to claim 10, and to an assembling method for forming a battery pack, as defined in claim 12.
  • Figure 1 shows, in perspective and in a schematic and/or simplified manner, a battery pack formed of a plurality of storage modules, obtained according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows, on an enlarged scale, one of the storage modules of Figure 1;
  • Figures 3a and 3b are enlargements, in a schematic form, of a material of a casing of the storage module of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional and schematic view, according to the vertical cross-section plane identified by line IV-IV of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is similar to Figure 2 and shows a further embodiment of the storage module, according to the dictates of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a detail of the embodiment of Figure 5, to show the cooling channels inside the storage module.
  • number 1 indicates, as a whole, a vehicle battery pack (partially and schematically illustrated).
  • the battery pack 1 extends in length along a rectilinear horizontal axis 6, which may correspond, for example, with the longitudinal direction of travel of the vehicle onto which it is mounted.
  • the battery pack 1 comprises a plurality of rechargeable storage modules, connected to an electrical system (not shown) of the vehicle, and each indicated with the reference number 10.
  • the modules 10 are equal to each other, in their shape, dimensions and structure.
  • a control unit (not shown) is configured in a known manner and not described in detail, to transfer the electric current from the storage modules 10 to the electrical system and vice versa, to monitor the state of charge and the efficiency of the modules 10, etc.
  • the storage modules 10 are arranged in aligned positions and adjacent to one another, i.e., they are arranged along the axis 6. In the particular example shown, the storage modules 10 are aligned in a manner to form a single row. It is not excluded that solutions with a plurality of rows of modules, parallel to each other, could be provided.
  • Each module 10 comprises a plurality of battery cells 12 (shown schematically as a dotted line, not described in detail, as they are known in themselves), for example battery cells of the prismatic type, equal to each other in shape and dimensions, positioned side-by-side along a transversal direction, orthogonal to the axis 6.
  • battery cells 12 shown schematically as a dotted line, not described in detail, as they are known in themselves
  • battery cells of the prismatic type equal to each other in shape and dimensions, positioned side-by-side along a transversal direction, orthogonal to the axis 6.
  • the module 10 comprises a box or an outer casing 13 that comprises: a base wall 15, on which the battery cells 12 are vertically resting, and a perimeter wall 16, which extends upwards from a perimeter edge of the wall 15, comprises a plurality of sides consecutive to each other, and defines the contour of a housing 18, which accommodates the battery cells 12.
  • the wall 15 is a quadrilateral, so the wall 16 is formed of four sides.
  • the casing 13 also comprises a covering wall 19 (shown as a dotted line in Figure 1), which closes the housing 18 from the top.
  • the wall 19 is defined by a separate piece from the walls 15 and 16 and is superimposed over them as closure, being coupled in a fixed position to an upper edge of the wall 16, and therefore allows insertion of the battery cells 12 from the top into the housing 18 during assembly.
  • the walls 15, 16 form, together, a single piece.
  • the walls 15, 16 are walls without through holes.
  • the set of walls 15 and 16 is obtained by means of an additive manufacturing technique, also indicated in English as “additive manufacturing", from among those available: the material of the walls 15 and 16 has a configuration or an inner structure designed/chosen in a manner to combine lightness and heat exchange.
  • the material of the walls 15, 16 has a reticular configuration or inner structure, also called “lattice” in English, whereas in the example of Figure 3b, it has a configuration or inner structure called "honeycomb".
  • the wall 16 comprises two outer lateral faces 20, which are arranged on opposing lateral sides of the housing 18 and the cells 12 and carry a respective set of conduits 22 to allow a heat exchange fluid, of a known type, to flow.
  • the conduits 22 and the wall 16 form, together, a single piece, obtained by means of the additive manufacturing process.
  • the inner structure of the material that forms the conduits 22 must be continuous, in order to guarantee the tightness of the liquid, and therefore is not of the "lattice” or "honeycomb” type, but the additive manufacturing techniques allow a high flexibility in choice of the inner structure of the material to be formed, as well as in the choice of shapes and overall outer dimensions of the various parts.
  • conduits 22 may be formed of distinct and separate pieces from the casing 13, and be fixed in contact with the faces 20 after manufacture of the wall 16.
  • the wall 16 also comprises a front face 23a and a rear face 23b, which are arranged transversally to the axis 6 and face in opposite directions.
  • the faces 23a and 23b are without conduits.
  • the wall 15 is also without conduits; at most, the conduits 22 may comprise sections of conduit that extend along two edges defined between the wall 15 and the faces 20, as in the examples shown.
  • the faces 23a and 23b of the various modules 10 are facing each other, considering the row along the axis 6; the face 23a may be rested on the corresponding face 23b of the adjacent module 10, without axial interposition of the conduits or channels between the modules 10 to limit the axial dimensions of the battery pack 1.
  • the conduits 22 form a respective lattice or a mesh of channels, in order to have the greatest surface extension possible and therefore to have a relatively high heat exchange.
  • the configuration of the conduits 22 on the two faces 20 is symmetrical and equal, so only one of the two faces 20 will be described.
  • the conduits 22 comprise at least one port 31a arranged at the face 23a (i.e., at the front end of the casing 13) and at least one port 31b arranged at the face 23b (i.e., at the front end of the casing 13).
  • the conduits 22 also comprise a port 32a, arranged at the face 23a and vertically distanced from the port 31a, and a port 32b, arranged at the face 23b and vertically distanced from the port 31b.
  • the port 31a is arranged at the same height as the port 31b, in order to be more easily connected with fluid tightness with the port 31b of another module 10 that is axially adjacent along the row of modules; similarly, the port 32a is arranged at the same height as the port 32b, in order to be more easily connected with the port 32b of the module 10 that is axially adjacent along the row of modules.
  • the modules 10 may be provided with appropriate quick coupling devices, of a known type and not described in detail, arranged at the ports 31a and/or 31b and/or 32a and/or 32b, in order to connect said ports to the conduits 22 of the adjacent modules 10, for example by means of a simple axial connection of the male-female type.
  • the quick coupling devices and/or any valves can be integrated directly inside said ports, or can define separate components that are added to the conduits 22 during assembly of the battery pack 1.
  • the conduits 22 also comprise a rectilinear conduit section 33 that joins port 31a to port 31b, and/or a rectilinear conduit section 34 that joins port 32a to port 32b.
  • the conduit sections 33 and 34 are distanced from each other vertically and are parallel to axis 6.
  • the conduits 22 also comprise transversal sections of connection 35 that place the conduit section 33 in communication with the conduit section 34, in a permanent manner, thus to form said mesh of passages.
  • the conduit section 33 performs the function of a delivery branch
  • the conduit section 34 performs the function of a return branch
  • the port 31a and the port 31b define respectively an inlet and an outlet for the conduit section 33
  • the ports 32a and 32b define respectively an outlet and an inlet for the conduit section 34.
  • the inlet defined by the port 31a is connected to a supply conduit 36, for example by means of a manifold 37, to receive the heat exchange fluid.
  • the outlet defined by the port 32a is connected to an outlet conduit 38, for example by means of a manifold 39, to allow the heat exchange fluid to recirculate towards a heat exchanger (not shown) configured in a manner to lower the temperature of said fluid.
  • a heat exchanger not shown
  • an electric pump is arranged for suction of the heat exchange fluid from the modules 10.
  • the manifold 37 is preferably coupled to an expansion valve, for example an electronically controlled one.
  • an expansion valve for example an electronically controlled one.
  • the ports 31b and 32b are closed, for example by means of respective plugs (not shown) that can be added during assembly of the battery pack 1. In this manner, therefore, in the particular embodiment shown, the heat exchange fluid enters and exits at the same axial end of the battery pack 1.
  • flow throttle valves and/or control valves may be provided along the conduits 22 of the battery pack 1 to calibrate the hydraulic resistances along the circuit that is formed on each side of the battery pack 1, and therefore ensure that the heat exchange fluid also circulates in the last module 10 (at the end of the row of modules), i.e., to ensure that the heat exchange fluid is not stagnant in said last module.
  • Appropriate simulations and/or experimental tests could be appropriate to determine in design the extent of said hydraulic resistances.
  • the passage sections of the conduits 22 are different to each other, for example progressively increasing from one axial end to the other of the battery pack 1.
  • the outlet conduit 38 is connected to the port 32b, at the face 23b of the last module 10 (at the end of the row of modules).
  • the port 32a of the first module 10 (at the start of the row of modules) is closed by a plug.
  • the heat exchange fluid enters and exits at the opposite axial ends of the battery pack 1.
  • the modules 10 in aligned positions with each other along the axis 6, with the faces 23a and 23b of the adjacent modules 10 turned towards each other, and to couple the modules 10 with each other, connecting the port 31a to a corresponding port 31b and connecting the port 32a to a corresponding port 32b, for each of the two faces 20.
  • the aforementioned quick coupling devices can make this connection operation even quicker.
  • Any further connection devices (not shown) can be provided to secure the face 23a to the corresponding face 23b of the adjacent module 10.
  • At least part of the wall 16 can be provided with external tabs, appendages or ribbing and/or may be perforated or formed of a sufficiently rigid network.
  • FIG. 5 shows a different embodiment of the battery module 10, the component parts of which are indicated, where possible, with the same reference numbers used in the previous figures.
  • the housing 18 is divided into a plurality of compartments 41, each of which houses at least one battery cell 12.
  • the compartments 41 are separated from each other by septa 42, which are orthogonal to the wall 15, are parallel to each other and preferably define a single piece with walls 15 and/or 16, being made by means of the same additive manufacturing process.
  • the conduits 22, in addition to being provided externally on the faces 20, are also provided internally, on at least one of the septa 42.
  • the conduits 22 are provided on all the septa 42.
  • each septum 42 is formed of two walls, and the conduits 22 border with both walls, to exchange heat from both the parts.
  • the configuration and the arrangement of the conduits 22 along the septa 42 is similar to what is described above with reference to each of the faces 20, so their description is not repeated for reasons of brevity.
  • each module 10 is relatively simple to make, is completely separate with respect to the other storage modules of the battery pack 1, has efficient heat exchange, and may be easily mounted together with the other storage modules to form the battery pack 1.
  • the form, the inner structure of the material, and the production technique of the casing 13, and also the specific shape and arrangement of the conduits 22, could be different to what is indicated by way of example.
  • the walls 19 could be absent or be perforated, or a single closure coverage could be provided, which is common to all the modules 10.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un module de stockage (10) servant à former un bloc-batterie (1), en particulier un bloc-batterie de véhicule, qui comprend un boîtier avec une paroi de base (15) et une paroi périphérique (16) qui s'étend à partir d'un périmètre de ladite paroi de base (15), de manière à délimiter un boîtier (18) contenant une pluralité d'éléments de batterie ; la paroi périphérique (16) possède une face avant (23a) et une face arrière (23b), ainsi que deux faces latérales (20) disposées sur des côtés opposés du boîtier (18) ; pour chacune desdites faces latérales (20), le module de stockage comporte des conduits d'échange de chaleur (20) avec un premier orifice et un second orifice (31a, 31b), qui sont disposés respectivement au niveau de la face avant (23a) et de la face arrière (23b), sont aptes à former, lors de l'utilisation, une entrée et/ou une sortie d'un fluide d'échange de chaleur, et sont positionnés de manière à être raccordés, lors de l'utilisation, à d'autres modules de stockage (1100) disposés dans des positions alignées et adjacentes le long de l'axe longitudinal (6) dans le bloc-batterie (1).
PCT/IB2023/061445 2022-11-14 2023-11-13 Module de batterie, bloc-batterie associé et procédé d'assemblage pour former un tel bloc-batterie WO2024105541A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102022000023418 2022-11-14
IT102022000023418A IT202200023418A1 (it) 2022-11-14 2022-11-14 Modulo batteria, relativo pacco batteria, e processo di assemblaggio per formare tale pacco batteria

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024105541A1 true WO2024105541A1 (fr) 2024-05-23

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Country Status (2)

Country Link
IT (1) IT202200023418A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024105541A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150140366A1 (en) * 2012-06-11 2015-05-21 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Vehicle battery pack, a system for cooling a battery pack and a cooling plate for use in the system
EP3584877A1 (fr) * 2018-05-16 2019-12-25 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Bloc batterie comprenant un profilé de cadre avec des éléments de circuit de refroidissement intégrés
EP4062120A1 (fr) * 2019-11-20 2022-09-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Système de gestion thermique pour composant électrique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150140366A1 (en) * 2012-06-11 2015-05-21 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Vehicle battery pack, a system for cooling a battery pack and a cooling plate for use in the system
EP3584877A1 (fr) * 2018-05-16 2019-12-25 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. Bloc batterie comprenant un profilé de cadre avec des éléments de circuit de refroidissement intégrés
EP4062120A1 (fr) * 2019-11-20 2022-09-28 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Système de gestion thermique pour composant électrique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT202200023418A1 (it) 2024-05-14

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