WO2024104752A1 - Abbau von transienten überspannungen in einem energiebordnetz - Google Patents
Abbau von transienten überspannungen in einem energiebordnetz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024104752A1 WO2024104752A1 PCT/EP2023/079861 EP2023079861W WO2024104752A1 WO 2024104752 A1 WO2024104752 A1 WO 2024104752A1 EP 2023079861 W EP2023079861 W EP 2023079861W WO 2024104752 A1 WO2024104752 A1 WO 2024104752A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- consumer
- electronic switch
- overvoltage
- output stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
- B60R16/03—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
- H02H3/202—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage for DC systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a vehicle with an on-board power supply system, on which at least one consumer can be supplied with electrical energy via an electronic switch and can thereby be operated, wherein an input voltage can be measured by means of a voltage measuring device and wherein the vehicle is set up to detect an overvoltage and then close the electronic switch.
- the invention also relates to a method for reducing transient overvoltages in an on-board power supply system of a vehicle which has a power supply unit with a supply input and a consumer output, between which an electronic switch is connected, wherein the consumer output is electrically connected to a consumer and wherein in the method an input voltage is measured at the supply input and then, if an overvoltage or impending overvoltage is detected based on the input voltage, the electronic switch is temporarily closed if it was previously open.
- the invention is particularly advantageously applicable to electric vehicles, in particular to partially or fully autonomous electric vehicles.
- DE 197 42 391 C1 discloses a method for protecting electronic control units in a motor vehicle, in which overvoltage pulses, in particular load dump pulses, are detected and one or more consumers are switched on when such overvoltage pulses occur. This allows the overvoltage pulse to be reduced very quickly - before it reaches its maximum value that can be reached without compensation - so that the electronic circuits and control units contained in the motor vehicle are protected. This makes it possible to achieve overvoltage protection without the need for additional components. A device for carrying out this method is also provided.
- DE 102 91 613 T5 discloses a system for eliminating overvoltage in the power supply of a vehicle, comprising: a load-bearing device having low resistance and high power consumption characteristics; and a control part which selectively couples the load-bearing device to the power supply system when a voltage of the power supply exceeds a preselected threshold.
- DE 10 2010 040 864 A1 discloses a method for operating an on-board network of a vehicle, wherein the on-board network comprises a first sub-network and a second sub-network, comprising the following steps: diverting an electrical current from the first sub-network to the second sub-network when an electrical voltage peak is detected in the first sub-network.
- a control device and a control program are also disclosed.
- DE 10 2014 209 267 A1 discloses a heating device and a method for reducing an overvoltage in a first part of an on-board electrical system of an electrically driven means of transport.
- the method comprises the steps of: detecting the overvoltage or other information that indicates an impending overvoltage event in the first part of the on-board electrical system, and in response thereto closing an electrical connection between an electrical heating device of the means of transport and the first part of the on-board electrical system to reduce the overvoltage.
- the object is achieved by a vehicle with an on-board power supply system, on which at least one consumer can be supplied with electrical energy by means of a respective power supply unit ("output stage circuit”) and thus operated, whereby
- the output stage circuit has a supply input whose input voltage can be measured by means of a voltage measuring device, - the supply input is electrically connected to a consumer output via an electronic switch and
- the vehicle is designed to detect an overvoltage based on the measurement data measured by the voltage measuring device and then to close the electronic switch depending on a current vehicle operating state if it was previously open.
- This vehicle has the advantage that a particularly large number of consumers, including safety-critical ones, can be temporarily connected to the on-board power supply system and thus switched on or off to divert an overvoltage pulse, which means that the overvoltage pulse can be reduced particularly effectively with little structural effort.
- This takes advantage of the fact that the choice of consumer to be switched on and the associated type of switching on can be adapted to the current vehicle operating state, so that, for example, safety-critical consumers can also be temporarily switched on or off without this leading to safety-critical reactions and/or safety target violations.
- the vehicle can be, for example, a vehicle with a combustion engine, a hybrid vehicle (e.g. a plug-in hybrid vehicle, PHEV) or a fully electric vehicle (e.g. a battery-powered vehicle, BEV).
- a hybrid vehicle e.g. a plug-in hybrid vehicle, PHEV
- a fully electric vehicle e.g. a battery-powered vehicle, BEV.
- the vehicle can in particular be a partially or fully autonomous vehicle for which overvoltage reduction is particularly safety-relevant.
- the on-board power system can have a uniform on-board voltage or can have two or more sub-on-board networks with different on-board voltages, e.g. 12 V and 400 V.
- the fact that a consumer can be supplied with electrical energy by means of a respective output stage circuit and can thus be operated includes in particular that the consumer is supplied with electrical energy via the output stage circuit and is then switched on or activated, while the consumer is switched off or deactivated when the energy supply is interrupted by the output stage circuit.
- the consumer is therefore particularly "dumb" in the sense that it can be switched on and off via the associated output stage circuit and cannot switch itself on and off.
- the output stage circuit receives the supply voltage for the consumer connected via the consumer output via the supply input, since the supply input is electrically connected to a consumer output via the electronic switch.
- the electronic switch can be a semiconductor switch, in particular a power semiconductor such as a transistor, in particular a MOSFET.
- the fact that the input voltage can be measured using a voltage measuring device can mean that the voltage is measured regularly and the measured voltage values are forwarded for further evaluation. Such a development is particularly advantageous because it can then detect both the reaching or exceeding of a threshold value indicating an overvoltage and also evaluate a voltage curve that can, for example, indicate an impending overvoltage at an early stage.
- the voltage measuring device can also be referred to as a "voltage sensor".
- the voltage measuring device is designed as an overvoltage sensor that only outputs or switches an output signal when the measured voltage reaches or exceeds a threshold value indicating an overvoltage.
- the overvoltage sensor can, for example, be a comparator or have one.
- the fact that the vehicle, in particular at least one data processing device of the vehicle, is set up to detect an overvoltage (which has already occurred or may even be imminent) on the basis of the measurement data measured by the voltage measuring device includes in particular the evaluation of the measured voltage values or the detection of the change in the output signal of the overvoltage sensor.
- closing the electronic switch depending on a current vehicle operating state if it was previously open includes in particular that the Consumers that are switched off are temporarily switched on depending on the current vehicle operating state in order to reduce the overvoltage. If the electronic switch is already closed, it remains in the closed state or the closed state is "forced".
- the vehicle operating state depends, among other things, on the on-board power supply state resulting from the driving situation and passenger use. Depending on the on-board power supply state, some consumers must be excluded from the output stage circuit for overvoltage reduction or can be taken into account as an alternative (e.g. steering when stationary vs. steering while driving).
- the vehicle operating state can include directly measured or set vehicle information such as variables and states and vehicle information derived from them.
- the vehicle has a data processing device ("status instance") which is data-technically coupled to a logic circuit of at least one output stage and reports a current vehicle operating state to the logic circuit, and
- the logic circuit is connected to the voltage measuring device and the electronic switch and is designed to detect an overvoltage on the basis of the measurement data measured by the voltage measuring device and then to leave the electronic switch open or close it depending on the current vehicle operating state.
- the output stage circuit can autonomously detect the overvoltage and control the electronic switch automatically. This enables particularly fast switching. It is a further development that the logic circuit is set up, e.g. programmed, to convert the vehicle operating state into a corresponding or "suitable" control or switching of the electronic switch, e.g. with regard to the duration of the closure of the electronic switch.
- the circuit retrieves the vehicle operating state from the status instance when an overvoltage is detected.
- the logic circuit has an overwritable data memory in which the current vehicle operating state is stored by the status instance. This has the advantage that the current vehicle operating state is already present in the output stage circuit, thus enabling autonomous and particularly fast switching of the electronic switch.
- the status instance and the logic circuit are coupled to one another via a data bus system. It is a further development that the status instance and the logic circuit are connected to one another via at least one dedicated signal line.
- the electronic switches of several output stage circuits can be controlled by means of an instance that is higher-level to the output stage circuit.
- This has the advantage that independent logic circuits in the output stage circuits can be dispensed with.
- Such a higher-level instance is connected to the electronic switches in particular via corresponding signal or control lines. It includes in particular the function(s) of the output stage circuit.
- a status instance maintains the current vehicle operating state, monitors for the presence of an overvoltage and is set up, e.g. programmed, to control the electronic switch depending on the current vehicle operating state.
- the vehicle has at least one status instance which is coupled to several output stage circuits, i.e., depending on the design, to their logic circuits or directly to their electronic switches.
- the vehicle operating state includes at least a speed of the vehicle, specifically the distinction between the vehicle being stationary and being driven. This distinction has the advantage that even safety-critical consumers can be temporarily operated when the vehicle is stationary to reduce overvoltage, but should not be operated when the vehicle is moving. For example, the operation of an electric braking system is not critical when the vehicle is stationary, but not when the vehicle is moving.
- Other possible states or information about the vehicle operating state can include seat occupancy, GPS coordinates, acceleration, on/off states, particularly of consumers, equipment details, flaps open or closed, etc.
- the vehicle operating state includes at least a standstill, slow driving and fast driving of the vehicle.
- This enables an even finer distinction to be made, i.e. temporarily operating a non-operated consumer to reduce overvoltage.
- an electric steering system can be operated for a short time when stationary and when driving slowly without this being safety-critical or being noticed by the vehicle's occupants, but not when driving fast.
- Slow driving can be understood, for example, as driving at a speed of no more than 20 to 30 km/h, and fast driving at a correspondingly higher speed.
- more speed gradations than two can also be used.
- the speed threshold can depend on the type of consumer.
- the vehicle e.g. the logic circuit or the status instance
- the vehicle is set up to control the open electronic switch depending on the current vehicle operating state in such a way that it
- the fact that the open electronic switch is closed for such a short time that the consumer does not generate any consumer action means that the consumer is switched on, but only for such a short time that it consumes power, e.g. to start up electrical components and/or electronics, but does not perform its function, e.g. does not cause a steering movement or generate a braking effect. Since overvoltages are very transient processes, short switch-on times may be sufficient to limit overvoltages. It is a further development that the control of the electronic switch is additionally or alternatively dependent on whether the control is noticeable by a user.
- the open electronic switch is closed long enough for the consumer to generate a consumer action (e.g. steering movement or braking effect) if this consumer action has no safety-relevant effect and is not noticed by a user of the vehicle.
- a safety-critical consumer such as an electric braking system or an electric steering system can be operated for a longer period of time when the vehicle is stationary because then, for example, carrying out a braking process is neither safety-critical nor noticed by the occupants.
- One design is that the type of control can be adjusted depending on the size of the overvoltage. This has the advantage that a greater reduction can be provided for higher overvoltages and thus a particularly flexible response to overvoltages is possible. If, for example, an overvoltage is relatively small, certain consumers can be left on without being switched on, or they can be switched on for a shorter period of time than with high overvoltage.
- the output stage circuit has a further or second voltage measuring device which is designed to measure a voltage to measure the output voltage present at the consumer output. This provides the advantage of redundancy and an evaluation of the switch status, e.g. for validating a successful switching of the electronic switch, even outside of the overvoltage reduction, e.g. for a functional test.
- the electronic switch is a component of an electronic fuse (also referred to as "E-Fuse") or is such an electronic fuse.
- the output stage circuit is integrated into a power distributor.
- This can be implemented particularly inexpensively and compactly, especially if the electronic switch is an E-fuse, because then an E-fuse that is already present as a safety element can also be used as the electronic switch.
- the power distributor typically has a supply input and several consumer outputs, which consumer outputs are protected in particular by E-fuses. It is a development that the logic circuit, if present, is integrated into the power distributor. It is a development that the status instance is integrated into the power distributor.
- the object is also achieved by a method for reducing transient overvoltages in an on-board power supply system of a vehicle, which has an output stage circuit with a supply input and a consumer output, between which an electronic switch is connected, wherein the consumer output is electrically connected to a consumer, wherein in the method an input voltage is measured at the supply input and then, if an overvoltage or impending overvoltage is detected based on the input voltage, the electronic switch is temporarily closed depending on a current vehicle operating state if it was previously open.
- the method can be designed analogously to the vehicle, and vice versa, and has the same advantages.
- Fig. 1 shows a sketch of a vehicle 1 with an on-board power supply system 2, on which at least one consumer 3 can be supplied with electrical energy and thus operated by means of a respective output stage circuit 4.
- the output stage circuit 4 can represent part of a power distributor 5.
- the output stage circuit 4 has a supply input 6, which is electrically connected to a consumer output 8 via an electronic switch in the form of an E-fuse 7.
- the consumer 3 is connected to the consumer output 8, e.g. via a power cable 9.
- An input voltage is present at the supply input 6, which nominally corresponds to the vehicle electrical system voltage, but at which transient overvoltages can also occur.
- the input voltage can be measured using a first voltage measuring device 10.
- a second voltage measuring device 11 is connected between the E-fuse 7 and the consumer output 8 in order to measure a voltage there. If the E-fuse 7 is closed and thus switched on, the consumer 3 is supplied with the vehicle electrical system voltage and is then switched on. If the E-fuse 7 is opened and thus switched off, the consumer 3 is separated from the vehicle electrical system voltage and is then switched off. Switching the E-fuse thus causes the consumer 3 to be switched on or off.
- the E-fuse 7 is connected via a control line to a logic circuit 12, to which the logic circuit 12 can send control signals for selectively opening and closing the E-fuse 7.
- the logic circuit 12 is also connected to the first voltage measuring device 10 and the second voltage measuring device 11 via signal lines, in particular data lines, via which the measurement signals or measurement data output by the voltage measuring devices 10, 11 can be transmitted to the logic circuit 12.
- the logic circuit 12 is also connected in terms of data technology, e.g. via a data bus 13, to an instance external to the output stage circuit ("status instance" 14), which keeps the logic circuit 12 informed about a current vehicle operating state.
- the function of the logic circuit 12 can be integrated into the status instance 14, so that a separate logic circuit 12 can be dispensed with.
- the logic circuit 12 decides whether the E-Fuse 7, which is still open, should be left open or closed temporarily, and in particular how long it should be closed for in order to limit an overvoltage.
- the duration of the conduction of the E-Fuse 7 can depend on the driving speed of the vehicle 1, e.g. whether it is stationary, driving slowly or driving fast. This can also depend on the level of the overvoltage.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202380079226.2A CN120239659A (zh) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-10-26 | 消除在能量车载电网中的瞬态过电压 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022130099.4A DE102022130099A1 (de) | 2022-11-15 | 2022-11-15 | Abbau von transienten Überspannungen in einem Energiebordnetz |
| DE102022130099.4 | 2022-11-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2024104752A1 true WO2024104752A1 (de) | 2024-05-23 |
Family
ID=88585140
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2023/079861 Ceased WO2024104752A1 (de) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-10-26 | Abbau von transienten überspannungen in einem energiebordnetz |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN120239659A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102022130099A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2024104752A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742391C1 (de) | 1997-09-25 | 1998-11-26 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz von einem oder mehreren, an ein Kraftfahrzeug-Bordnetz angeschlossenen Kraftfahrzeug-Steuergeräten gegenüber Überspannungsimpulsen |
| US20020149261A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation | Method and system for protecting electronics mounted on a vehicle |
| DE102010040864A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuervorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE102014209267A1 (de) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Heizeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Abbau einer Überspannung in einem Bordnetz eines Fortbewegungsmittels |
| DE102020106210A1 (de) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Energieversorgungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Energieversorgungssystems für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19815983A1 (de) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abbau von Überspannungen |
| DE102008043402A1 (de) * | 2008-11-03 | 2010-05-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz der an ein Bordnetz eines Kraftfahrzeuges angeschlossenen Einrichtung vor einer Überspannung |
| DE102015000576B4 (de) * | 2015-01-16 | 2021-07-29 | Audi Ag | Kraftfahrzeug mit Schaltvorrichtung für eine bordnetzbetriebene Komponente |
-
2022
- 2022-11-15 DE DE102022130099.4A patent/DE102022130099A1/de active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-26 CN CN202380079226.2A patent/CN120239659A/zh active Pending
- 2023-10-26 WO PCT/EP2023/079861 patent/WO2024104752A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742391C1 (de) | 1997-09-25 | 1998-11-26 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schutz von einem oder mehreren, an ein Kraftfahrzeug-Bordnetz angeschlossenen Kraftfahrzeug-Steuergeräten gegenüber Überspannungsimpulsen |
| US20020149261A1 (en) * | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-17 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation | Method and system for protecting electronics mounted on a vehicle |
| DE10291613T5 (de) | 2001-04-12 | 2004-04-22 | Siemens Vdo Automotive Corporation, Auburn Hills | Verfahren und System zum Schutz der in einem Fahrzeug eingebauten Elektronik |
| DE102010040864A1 (de) | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Steuervorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Bordnetzes eines Fahrzeugs |
| DE102014209267A1 (de) | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-19 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Heizeinrichtung und Verfahren zum Abbau einer Überspannung in einem Bordnetz eines Fortbewegungsmittels |
| DE102020106210A1 (de) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Energieversorgungssystem für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben des Energieversorgungssystems für ein Kraftfahrzeug |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN120239659A (zh) | 2025-07-01 |
| DE102022130099A1 (de) | 2024-05-16 |
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