WO2024103937A1 - 一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统 - Google Patents

一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024103937A1
WO2024103937A1 PCT/CN2023/118282 CN2023118282W WO2024103937A1 WO 2024103937 A1 WO2024103937 A1 WO 2024103937A1 CN 2023118282 W CN2023118282 W CN 2023118282W WO 2024103937 A1 WO2024103937 A1 WO 2024103937A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laryngoscope
laryngeal
joint
module
minimally invasive
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Application number
PCT/CN2023/118282
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷文斌
文译辉
胡文杰
吴杏梅
邓洁
Original Assignee
中山大学附属第一医院
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Application filed by 中山大学附属第一医院 filed Critical 中山大学附属第一医院
Publication of WO2024103937A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024103937A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30—Anatomical models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/285—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine for injections, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, sigmoidscopy, insertion of contraceptive devices or enemas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a throat minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system.
  • Voice microsurgery is a combination of microsurgery and endoscopic surgery, and requires very high surgical skills.
  • the laryngeal organs are located deep, with delicate anatomical structures and complex vocal physiology; in addition, the vocal cord tissue structure is delicate and fragile, the surgical space is narrow, and the surgical path is long and narrow. While removing the lesions, the normal voice function must be preserved as much as possible or the voice function must be reconstructed, which places very high technical requirements on voice surgeons.
  • the traditional surgical learning model is: junior doctors, under the guidance of senior doctors, perform actual cases in the operating room, and improve their surgical skills through the accumulation of cases.
  • this model has a long learning cycle and huge costs. Not only that, patients and society also have to pay a heavy price for the doctors' early immaturity. Senior doctors cannot completely let go for medical safety reasons. In addition to observing through TV recordings, it is difficult for beginners to operate in person on living bodies, which greatly prolongs the time it takes for young doctors to mature their skills. Therefore, the development of an effective and reasonable surgical simulation training system and education and training system will have huge benefits both from a social and economic perspective.
  • Patent CN110288892A discloses a laryngeal microsurgery simulation training device, which uses a laryngeal body fixing module, a laryngoscope fixing module, a microscope, a laryngoscope and a hand support.
  • the laryngeal specimen is placed in the laryngeal body fixing module
  • the laryngoscope is placed in the laryngoscope fixing module
  • the role of laryngoscopes and microscopes is to observe ex vivo laryngeal specimens and conduct practical operation exercises.
  • they can only simulate and train surgical skills.
  • Simple simulation training when students operate in the simulation training device, can only allow students to operate in a standardized manner if the instructor is guiding them from behind or standing behind them throughout the process.
  • the present invention provides a pharyngeal minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system to solve the above-mentioned traditional problems. It can integrate professional trajectory tracking measurement records, and can standardize, normalize, and visualize scientific evaluations, so that instructors, assistants or other trainees can watch the real-time dynamic video of the operator's dissection, so as to observe the operator's completion of the dissection steps and whether they are standardized.
  • a throat minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system comprising:
  • a laryngeal simulation operation device comprises a laryngeal fixation module and a laryngoscope fixation module, the laryngeal fixation module is provided with a cavity for placing an ex vivo laryngeal specimen; the laryngoscope fixation module is arranged in front of the laryngeal fixation module;
  • a laryngoscope which is installed on the laryngoscope fixing module and extends into the ex vivo laryngeal specimen by adjusting the position of the laryngoscope fixing module;
  • An adjustable surgical arm support used to support the operator's arm and to be adjusted according to the operating angle of the laryngeal simulation operating device
  • a movable surgical microscope used for an operator to observe the image in the laryngoscope, wherein the movable surgical microscope is provided with a built-in camera, and
  • the real-time dynamic display is used to be electrically connected to the built-in camera to display and record the real-time dynamic video of the operator's dissection steps.
  • the laryngeal body fixing module includes a first base, a first support rod connected to the first base, a first connecting seat connected to the first support rod, and a laryngeal body fixing seat, the first support rod is rotatably connected to the laryngeal body fixing seat through the first connecting seat, and the cavity is arranged in the laryngeal body fixing seat.
  • the laryngeal body fixing module also includes at least two plastic hoses accommodated in the cavity, the plastic hoses are arc-shaped structures, and through holes and adjustment bolts are provided on opposite sides of the laryngeal body fixing seat.
  • the adjustment bolts are used to pass through the through holes to adjust the inner diameter of the inner cavity formed by the two plastic hoses.
  • the laryngoscope fixing module comprises a second base, a height-adjustable second support rod connected to the second base, a second connecting seat connected to the second support rod and a laryngoscope fixing seat connected to the second connecting seat, the second support rod is provided with a telescopic rod and an adjusting member for adjusting the height of the telescopic rod; the second connecting seat and the laryngoscope fixing seat are rotatably connected; the laryngoscope fixing seat is provided with a spring clip, a first laryngoscope positioning block and a second laryngoscope positioning block, the spring clip cooperates with the first laryngoscope positioning block and the second laryngoscope positioning block to accurately position the laryngoscope.
  • the laryngeal simulation operation device further comprises a bottom plate and a sliding module, wherein the laryngeal fixing module is fixedly mounted on one end of the bottom plate, the sliding module is mounted on the other end of the bottom plate, and the laryngoscope fixing module is mounted on the sliding module and is connected to the bottom plate by the sliding module.
  • the moving module is used to adjust the distance between the laryngoscope fixing module and the laryngeal body fixing module.
  • the sliding module includes a third base with a guide rail and a slide plate sliding on the third base, the laryngoscope fixing module is installed on the slide plate, the third base is provided with an end limit column and a start limit column, the bottom of the slide plate is provided with a pulley and a guide block, the pulleys are provided on opposite sides of the slide plate and slide on both sides of the third base, and the guide block moves on the guide rail.
  • the adjustable surgical hand support comprises an adjustable fixed frame, a double-joint liftable support and a hand support frame
  • the adjustable fixed frame is provided with a first clamping member, a second clamping member and an adjusting screw
  • the first clamping member is provided with a clamping opening
  • the second clamping member is located in the clamping opening and the size of the clamping opening is adjusted by the adjusting screw
  • the double-joint liftable support comprises a first joint, a second joint, a third joint and a fourth joint, one end of the first joint is rotatably connected to the first clamping member, the other end of the first joint is provided with a snap-fitting tooth
  • the second joint is provided with a meshing tooth engaged with the snap-fitting tooth
  • the second joint is provided in the third joint and can be lifted and lowered in the third joint
  • the fourth joint is rotatably connected to the third joint
  • the hand support frame is installed at the end of the fourth joint
  • the hand support frame is provided with an arc-shaped hand
  • the fourth joint is installed horizontally.
  • the movable surgical microscope is provided with a movable arm and a microscope lens mounted on the movable arm, and the microscope lens is used to adjust the distance between the microscope lens and the laryngoscope through the movable arm.
  • the real-time dynamic display includes at least one on-site operation display screen and a centralized monitoring display screen, and each of the on-site operation display screens is connected to the centralized monitoring display screen. Electrical connection.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the pharyngeal minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system of the present invention integrates a laryngeal simulation operation device, a laryngoscope, an adjustable surgical armrest, a movable surgical microscope and a real-time dynamic display.
  • a laryngeal simulation operation device Through the built-in camera of the movable surgical microscope, the operator's operating steps are displayed and recorded in real time through the real-time dynamic display, which is convenient for the instructor to point out on the spot or for subsequent operators to watch their own operations and correct incorrect operations according to the instructor's guidance, realizing integrated and professional trajectory tracking measurement and recording, and can standardize, normalize, and visualize scientific evaluation, so that the instructor, assistant or other trainees can watch the real-time dynamic video of the operator's dissection, so as to observe the completion of the operator's dissection steps and whether they are standardized.
  • FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laryngeal simulation operation device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable surgical arm support of the present invention.
  • laryngeal body fixing module 11, first base; 12, first support rod; 13, first connecting seat; 14, laryngeal body fixing seat; 20, laryngoscope fixing module; 21, second base; 22, second support rod; 220, telescopic rod; 221, adjusting member; 23, second connecting seat; 24, laryngoscope fixing seat; 240, spring clip; 241, first laryngoscope positioning block; 242, second laryngoscope positioning block; 30, adjustable surgical hand support; 31, adjustable fixing frame; 310, first clamping member; 311, second clamping member; 312, adjusting screw; 32, double-joint liftable bracket; 320, first joint; 321, second joint; 322, third joint; 323, fourth joint; 33, hand support; 40, bottom plate; 41, sliding module; 410, third base; 411, slide plate; 412, end limit column; 413, start limit column.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • the meaning of “plurality” is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.
  • a throat minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system comprises:
  • the laryngeal body simulation operation device comprises a laryngeal body fixing module 10 and a laryngoscope fixing module 20.
  • the laryngeal body fixing module 10 is provided with a cavity for placing an ex vivo laryngeal specimen;
  • the laryngoscope fixing module 20 is arranged in front of the laryngeal body fixing module 10;
  • a laryngoscope is used to be mounted on a laryngoscope fixing module 20 and to adjust the laryngoscope fixing module 20 and then extended into the isolated laryngeal specimen;
  • An adjustable surgical arm support 30, used to support the operator's arm and to be adjusted according to the operating angle of the laryngeal simulation operating device;
  • a movable surgical microscope is used for the operator to observe the image inside the laryngoscope.
  • the movable surgical microscope has a built-in camera, and
  • the real-time dynamic display is used to electrically connect to the built-in camera to display and record the real-time dynamic video of the operator's dissection steps.
  • the operating principle is as follows: the ex vivo laryngeal specimen is placed in the cavity of the laryngeal body fixing module 10, and then the laryngoscope is clamped on the laryngoscope fixing module 20, and the positional relationship between the laryngoscope fixing module 20 and the laryngeal body fixing module 10 is adjusted, and the laryngoscope is inserted into the ex vivo laryngeal specimen, and then the operating angle of the adjustable surgical arm support 30 is adjusted according to the arm position, and then the movable surgical microscope is moved to the front of the laryngoscope and aimed at the laryngoscope, and at the same time, the operating position of the ex vivo laryngeal specimen is observed through the movable surgical microscope or the real-time dynamic display to see whether it is correct, and then a minimally invasive simulated operation is performed through surgical tools, and the entire operation process in the laryngoscope is displayed and recorded through the real-time dynamic display.
  • the above-mentioned pharyngeal minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system integrates a laryngeal simulation operation device, a laryngoscope, an adjustable surgical hand support 30, a movable surgical microscope and a real-time dynamic display.
  • a laryngeal simulation operation device a laryngoscope
  • an adjustable surgical hand support 30 a movable surgical microscope
  • a real-time dynamic display Through the built-in camera of the movable surgical microscope, the operator's operating steps are displayed and recorded in real time through the real-time dynamic display, which is convenient for the instructor to point out on the spot or for subsequent operators to watch their own operations and correct incorrect operations according to the instructor's guidance, realizing integrated and professional trajectory tracking measurement and recording, and can standardize, standardize, visualize scientific evaluation, and facilitate instructors, assistants or other trainees to watch the real-time dynamic of the operator's dissection.
  • Dynamic video can be used to observe the operator's completion of the dissection steps and whether they are standard.
  • the laryngeal body fixing module 10 in order to make the laryngeal body fixing module 10 have the function of adjusting the upper and lower angles, as shown in FIG1 , the laryngeal body fixing module 10 includes a first base 11, a first support rod 12 connected to the first base 11, a first connecting seat 13 connected to the first support rod 12, and a laryngeal body fixing seat 14.
  • the first support rod 12 is rotatably connected to the laryngeal body fixing seat 14 through the first connecting seat 13, and the cavity is arranged in the laryngeal body fixing seat 14.
  • the inclination angle of the laryngeal body fixing seat 14 is adjustable, so that the laryngeal body fixing seat 14 is fixed, and then the position and angle of the laryngoscope fixing module 20 are adjusted.
  • the first connecting seat 13 and the laryngeal body fixing seat 14 can be connected in a meshing rotation or bolted fixed manner, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • the laryngeal fixation module 10 also includes at least two plastic tubes accommodated in the cavity, the plastic tubes are arc-shaped structures, and the laryngeal fixation seat 14 is provided with through holes and adjustment bolts on opposite sides.
  • the adjustment bolts are used to pass through the through holes to adjust the inner diameter of the inner cavity formed by the two plastic tubes so as to fix in vitro laryngeal specimens of different species and sizes.
  • the first base 11 is made of aluminum-iron alloy, and double-sided tape can be attached to the bottom thereof, so that it can be flexibly fixed and freely placed, so that it can be adjusted 180 degrees in the vertical direction and 360 degrees in the horizontal direction. It can also be fixed by screws, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and not easy to move. After being connected directly to the laryngoscope, it is more secure and convenient for surgical operations.
  • the laryngoscope fixing module 20 can be adjusted in height, front and rear tilt angles, and left and right directions.
  • the laryngoscope fixing module 20 includes a second base 21, a second support rod 22 connected to the second base 21 and having an adjustable height, a second connecting seat 23 connected to the second support rod 22, and a laryngoscope fixing seat 24 connected to the second connecting seat 23,
  • the second support rod 22 is provided with a telescopic rod 220 and an adjusting member 221 for adjusting the height of the telescopic rod 220;
  • the second connecting seat 23 is rotatably connected to the laryngoscope fixing seat 24;
  • the laryngoscope fixing seat 24 is provided with a spring clip 240, a first laryngoscope positioning block 241, and a second laryngoscope positioning block 242, the spring clip 240 cooperates with the first laryngoscope positioning block 241 and the second laryngoscope positioning block 242 to accurately position the la
  • the spring clip 240 can directly install laryngoscopes of different models, shapes and sizes.
  • the number of the spring clip 240, the first laryngoscope positioning block 241 and the second laryngoscope positioning block 242 are all two.
  • the first laryngoscope positioning block 241 is arranged between the two spring clips 240.
  • the second laryngoscope positioning block 242 is hook-shaped and is located at the front end of the spring clip 240 for visual alignment.
  • the second connecting seat 23 and the laryngoscope fixing seat 24 can be connected by meshing rotation or bolt fixing, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • a gap groove is also provided between the two second laryngoscope positioning blocks 242 to avoid blocking the vision of the laryngoscope.
  • the laryngeal simulation operation device also includes a base plate 40 and a sliding module 41.
  • the laryngeal fixing module 10 is fixedly installed at one end of the base plate 40, and the sliding module 41 is installed at the other end of the base plate 40.
  • the laryngoscope fixing module 20 is installed on the sliding module 41 and the distance between the laryngoscope fixing module 20 and the laryngeal fixing module 10 is adjusted through the sliding module 41. It can slide arbitrarily to adjust the distance between the laryngoscope and the specimen or microscope.
  • the base plate 40 is rectangular, 33 ⁇ 20cm2 , and the panel is clean and easy to clean.
  • This design can be moved at will and has a certain support stability, ensuring that it is not easy to move during operation and that the table is clean.
  • the base plate The bottom surface of the base plate 40 is provided with four anti-skid bumps to prevent the base plate 40 from sliding on the desktop.
  • the sliding module 41 includes a third base 410 with a guide track and a slide plate 411 sliding on the third base 410, the second base 21 of the laryngoscope fixing module 20 is installed on the slide plate 411, and the third base 410 is provided with an end limit column 412 and a start limit column 413, the end limit column 412 and the start limit column 413 respectively limit the forward or backward end of the slide plate 411 to avoid excessive sliding and make it slide out of the third base 410.
  • the bottom of the slide plate 411 is provided with a pulley and a guide block, the pulleys are arranged on opposite sides of the slide plate 411 and slide on both sides of the third base 410, and the guide block moves on the guide track, so that the laryngoscope fixing module 20 moves in a straight line when moving.
  • the second base 21 and the slide plate 411 are rotatably connected, so that the positional relationship between the laryngoscope and the isolated laryngeal specimen can be finely adjusted, that is, arc adjustment.
  • the adjustable surgical hand support frame 30 includes an adjustable fixed frame 31, a double-joint liftable support frame 32 and a hand support frame 33, the adjustable fixed frame 31 is provided with a first clamping member 310, a second clamping member 311 and an adjusting screw 312, the first clamping member 310 is provided with a clamping opening, the second clamping member 311 is located in the clamping opening and the size of the clamping opening is adjusted by adjusting the screw 312;
  • the double-joint liftable support frame 32 includes a first joint 320, a second joint 321, a third joint 322 and a fourth joint 323, one end of the first joint 320 is rotatably connected to the first clamping member 310, the other end of the first joint 320 is provided with a snap-fitting tooth, the second joint 321 is provided with a meshing tooth engaged with the snap-fitting tooth, the second joint 321 is provided in the third joint 322
  • the hand support frame 33 is provided with an arc-shaped hand support groove.
  • the size of the clamping opening is adjusted, and then the hand support frame 33 is fixedly clamped on a table or countertop of any thickness.
  • the height of the hand support frame 33 is adjusted through the joints of the double-jointed lifting bracket 32. The heights on both sides can be different, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the operator's body position. Then the operator's arm or elbow joint is placed on the arc-shaped hand support groove to prevent the operator from getting hand fatigue during long-term operation and affecting the stability of the operation, while maintaining the operating position of the arm and standardizing the operation.
  • the fourth joint 323 is installed horizontally.
  • the movable surgical microscope is provided with a movable arm and a microscope lens mounted on the movable arm, and the microscope lens is adjusted by the movable arm to adjust the distance between the microscope lens and the laryngoscope.
  • the movable surgical microscope is a desktop AM-2000 surgical microscope, which realizes a five-speed zoom focal length to meet the needs of microsurgery. With a built-in camera and HDMI high-definition data cable, the surgical field can be transmitted to the display system at any time, and the instructor, assistant or other trainees can watch the real-time dynamic video of the operator's dissection, so as to observe the completion of the operator's dissection steps and whether they are standardized.
  • the real-time dynamic display includes at least one on-site operation display screen and a centralized monitoring display screen, and each on-site operation display screen is electrically connected to the centralized monitoring display screen.
  • the specification of the on-site operation display screen is 19 inches
  • the resolution is ⁇ 1280X1024
  • the picture details are extremely clear.
  • the monitoring display aggregates information from each on-site operating display screen onto the instructor guidance monitoring screen, making it convenient for the instructor to observe and guide each student's operation and simulated surgical details, enabling one instructor to provide remote multi-channel guidance, which is more in line with the local distance education system during the epidemic.
  • the pharyngeal minimally invasive simulation teaching and training system also includes a wireless Bluetooth motion sensor, which is electrically connected to the real-time dynamic display.
  • the real-time dynamic display is also equipped with a matching all-round (gyroscope and magnetic field) endoscopic technology motion evaluation software.
  • the wireless Bluetooth motion sensor is installed on the operator's arm. Through the endoscopic technology motion evaluation software, the trainee's operating lever jitter, stroke, posture, position and other parameters are accurately evaluated, and performance reports and learning curves are automatically generated. The trainee's motion changes are accurately analyzed in real time, and when the operator makes an operation error, timely reminders and corrections can be made.
  • other operation motion trajectory tracking components may be installed to monitor the trainee's motion acceleration, speed, tremor, total motion stroke, rotation, and visual field visibility performance parameters.
  • the minimally invasive throat simulation teaching and training system in addition to including one or more of the above-mentioned structures, also includes a movable storage trolley, which is provided with multiple storage spaces from top to bottom, and can place the components of the minimally invasive throat simulation teaching and training system to form an overall structure for sale. It has a multi-level design, is easy to operate, and saves space.
  • the technical solution of the present invention has the characteristics of minimally invasive throat surgery, simple design, clever connection between components, no excessive obstacles blocking the operating space, and the trainees can perform surgical simulation training.
  • the system can be connected to an external display to display the microscope field of view, which is convenient for other trainees to learn intuitively and for the instructor to evaluate.
  • one tutor can provide multi-line remote guidance, which is more in line with the distance education system during the epidemic.
  • the system is integrated, lightweight, can be moved and cleaned at will, and the height and orientation can be flexibly adjusted. It does not require high external factors such as the operating table and operating chair.
  • a surgical simulation action tracking workstation is designed to track the trajectory of the trainees' surgical actions and compare and score them with standardized actions, so as to achieve refined, standardized, and homogeneous training.

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Abstract

一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，包括喉体模拟操作装置、喉镜、可调节手术托手架（30）、可移动手术显微镜及实时动态显示器，可移动手术显微镜用于操作人员观测喉镜内影像，可移动手术显微镜设有内置摄像头，实时动态显示器用于与内置摄像头电性连接，将操作人员解剖步骤的实时动态视频进行展示与录屏。通过将操作人员的操作步骤实时地通过实时动态显示器进行展示与记录，便于指导老师现场指出或者后续操作人员根据导师指引，观看自己的操作并矫正错误操作，能规范化、标准化、可视化科学评估，方便指导老师、助手或其他学员可以观看术者解剖的实时动态视频，以便观察操作者的解剖步骤完成情况、是否规范等。

Description

一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统。
背景技术
近20年来，社会公众对医疗安全的要求越来越高，外科医生的成长和病人的安全成为了一个矛盾体。嗓音显微外科是显微手术和内镜手术的综合体，对手术技巧的要求很高。喉器官位置较深，解剖结构精细，发声生理复杂；此外，声带组织结构精细脆弱，手术空间狭窄，手术路径狭长，手术去除病变的同时需尽量保留正常嗓音功能或重建嗓音功能，对嗓音外科医生具有很高的技术要求。
传统的外科学习模式是：低年资医生，在上级医生指导下，在手术室进行实际病例的操作，通过病例的累积，从而实现外科技巧上的提高。但是这样的模式，学习周期长，并且费用巨大，不仅如此，病人及社会也要为医生早期的不成熟而付出沉重的代价。而上级医生出于医疗安全的考虑，也不可能完全放手，在活体上的教学除了通过电视录像观察外，初学者很难亲自进行操作，这使得年轻医生的技术成熟时间大大延长。因此，开发有效合理的手术模拟训练系统和教育培训体系，不论是从社会角度还是经济角度，效益都是巨大的。
专利CN110288892A公开了一种喉显微外科手术模拟训练装置，其采用喉体固定模块、喉镜固定模块、显微镜、喉镜及托手架，通过离体喉标本放入喉体固定模块，将喉镜放入喉镜固定模块，然后通过 喉镜及显微镜的作用，观察离体喉标本，并进行实际操作练习，但是其只可以模拟训练手术的技能，简单的模拟训练，当学员在模拟训练装置中操作时，只有指导老师在背后指导或者全程站在背后，才能够让学员规范操作，但是若指导老师不在时，学员的操作或者步骤是否正确，如何后续正确操作，仍然存在较大的缺陷，即其缺乏操作技术、动作评估的追踪测量的量化客观指标，不可标准化测量评估，不利于规范教学培训，也不便培训推广应用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，解决上述传统的问题，其可一体化专业化的可轨迹追踪测量记录，能规范化、标准化、可视化科学评估，方便指导老师、助手或其他学员可以观看术者解剖的实时动态视频，以便观察操作者的解剖步骤完成情况、是否规范等。
本发明采用如下技术方案实现：
一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，包括：
喉体模拟操作装置，所述喉体模拟操作装置包括喉体固定模块及喉镜固定模块，所述喉体固定模块设有用于放置离体喉标本的腔体；所述喉镜固定模块设于所述喉体固定模块的前方；
喉镜，用于安装在所述喉镜固定模块上且通过调节所述喉镜固定模块的位置后伸入离体喉标本内；
可调节手术托手架，用于承托操作人员手臂且根据所述喉体模拟操作装置的操作角度进行调整；
可移动手术显微镜，用于操作人员观测所述喉镜内影像，所述可移动手术显微镜设有内置摄像头，以及
实时动态显示器，用于与所述内置摄像头电性连接，将操作人员解剖步骤的实时动态视频进行展示与录屏。
优选地，所述喉体固定模块包括第一底座、连接所述第一底座的第一支撑杆、连接所述第一支撑杆的第一连接座及喉体固定座，所述第一支撑杆通过所述第一连接座与所述喉体固定座旋转连接，所述腔体设于所述喉体固定座内。
优选地，所述喉体固定模块还包括容置于所述腔体内的至少两个塑料胶管，所述塑料胶管为弧状结构，所述喉体固定座的相对两侧设有通孔及调整螺栓，所述调整螺栓用于穿设于所述通孔以调整两个所述塑料胶管所形成的内腔内径。
优选地，所述喉镜固定模块包括第二底座、连接第二底座的高度可调的第二支撑杆、连接所述第二支撑杆的第二连接座及连接所述第二连接座的喉镜固定座，所述第二支撑杆上设有伸缩杆及用于调节所述伸缩杆高度的调节件；所述第二连接座与所述喉镜固定座为旋转连接；所述喉镜固定座上设有弹簧夹、第一喉镜定位块及第二喉镜定位块，所述弹簧夹与所述第一喉镜定位块、第二喉镜定位块配合以准确定位所述喉镜。
优选地，所述喉体模拟操作装置还包括底板及滑动模块，所述喉体固定模块固定安装在所述底板的一端，所述滑动模块安装在所述底板的另一端，所述喉镜固定模块安装在所述滑动模块上且通过所述滑 动模块以调节所述喉镜固定模块与所述喉体固定模块之间的距离。
优选地，所述滑动模块包括具有导向轨道的第三底座及在所述第三底座上滑动的滑板，所述喉镜固定模块安装在所述滑板上，所述第三底座上设有末端限位柱及始端限位柱，所述滑板的底部设有滑轮及导向块，所述滑轮设于所述滑板的相对两侧且在所述第三底座的两侧滑动，所述导向块在所述导向轨道上移动。
优选地，所述可调节手术托手架包括可调节固定架、双关节可升降支架及托手架，所述可调节固定架设有第一夹持件、第二夹持件及调整螺杆，所述第一夹持件设有夹持口，所述第二夹持件位于所述夹持口内且通过所述调整螺杆以调整所述夹持口的大小；所述双关节可升降支架包括第一关节、第二关节、第三关节及第四关节，所述第一关节的一端与所述第一夹持件为旋转连接，所述第一关节的另一端设有卡接齿，所述第二关节设有与所述卡接齿啮合的啮合齿，所述第二关节设于所述第三关节内且可在所述第三关节内升降，所述第四关节与所述第三关节为旋转连接，所述托手架安装在所述第四关节的末端，所述托手架设有弧状的托手槽。
优选地，所述第四关节呈水平安装设置。
优选地，所述可移动手术显微镜设有移动臂及安装在所述移动臂上的显微镜镜头，所述显微镜镜头通过所述移动臂以调整所述显微镜镜头与所述喉镜之间的间距。
优选地，所述实时动态显示器包括至少一台现场操作显示屏及汇集监视显示总屏，各所述现场操作显示屏均与所述汇集监视显示总屏 电性连接。
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
本发明的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统通过集合了喉体模拟操作装置、喉镜、可调节手术托手架、可移动手术显微镜及实时动态显示器，通过可移动手术显微镜的内置摄像头，将操作人员的操作步骤实时地通过实时动态显示器进行展示与记录，便于指导老师现场指出或者后续操作人员根据导师指引，观看自己的操作并矫正错误操作，实现了一体化专业化的可轨迹追踪测量记录，能规范化、标准化、可视化科学评估，方便指导老师、助手或其他学员可以观看术者解剖的实时动态视频，以便观察操作者的解剖步骤完成情况、是否规范等。
附图说明
图1为本发明的喉体模拟操作装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的可调节手术托手架的结构示意图。
图中：10、喉体固定模块；11、第一底座；12、第一支撑杆；13、第一连接座；14、喉体固定座；20、喉镜固定模块；21、第二底座；22、第二支撑杆；220、伸缩杆；221、调节件；23、第二连接座；24、喉镜固定座；240、弹簧夹；241、第一喉镜定位块；242、第二喉镜定位块；30、可调节手术托手架；31、可调节固定架；310、第一夹持件；311、第二夹持件；312、调整螺杆；32、双关节可升降支架；320、第一关节；321、第二关节；322、第三关节；323、第四关节；33、托手架；40、底板；41、滑动模块；410、第三底座；411、滑板；412、末端限位柱；413、始端限位柱。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在中间元件。相反，当元件为称作“直接”与另一元件连接时，不存在中间元件。
实施例1
一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统包括：
喉体模拟操作装置，喉体模拟操作装置包括喉体固定模块10及喉镜固定模块20，喉体固定模块10设有用于放置离体喉标本的腔体；喉镜固定模块20设于喉体固定模块10的前方；
喉镜，用于安装在喉镜固定模块20上且通过调节喉镜固定模块 20的位置后伸入离体喉标本内；
可调节手术托手架30，用于承托操作人员手臂且根据喉体模拟操作装置的操作角度进行调整；
可移动手术显微镜，用于操作人员观测喉镜内影像，可移动手术显微镜设有内置摄像头，以及
实时动态显示器，用于与内置摄像头电性连接，将操作人员解剖步骤的实时动态视频进行展示与录屏。
其操作原理为：将离体喉标本放置在喉体固定模块10的腔体内，然后将喉镜夹持在喉镜固定模块20上，并调整喉镜固定模块20与喉体固定模块10之间的位置关系，将喉镜伸入离体喉标本内，再根据手臂位置调整可调节手术托手架30的操作角度，接着，将可移动手术显微镜移动至喉镜的前方，对准喉镜，同时通过可移动手术显微镜或者实时动态显示器观察离体喉标本的操作位置是否正确，再通过手术工具进行微创模拟操作，在喉镜内的全操作过程通过实时动态显示器进行展示与录屏。
上述咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统通过集合了喉体模拟操作装置、喉镜、可调节手术托手架30、可移动手术显微镜及实时动态显示器，通过可移动手术显微镜的内置摄像头，将操作人员的操作步骤实时地通过实时动态显示器进行展示与记录，便于指导老师现场指出或者后续操作人员根据导师指引，观看自己的操作并矫正错误操作，实现了一体化专业化的可轨迹追踪测量记录，能规范化、标准化、可视化科学评估，方便指导老师、助手或其他学员可以观看术者解剖的实时动 态视频，以便观察操作者的解剖步骤完成情况、是否规范等。
实施例2
在本实施例中，除了包含上述结构外，为了使喉体固定模块10具有上下角度的调节功能，如图1所示，喉体固定模块10包括第一底座11、连接第一底座11的第一支撑杆12、连接第一支撑杆12的第一连接座13及喉体固定座14，第一支撑杆12通过第一连接座13与喉体固定座14旋转连接，腔体设于喉体固定座14内，通过第一连接座13的松紧作用，使喉体固定座14的倾斜角度具有可调节性，便于固定了喉体固定座14，再调整喉镜固定模块20的位置及角度。其中，第一连接座13与喉体固定座14可以为啮合旋转或者螺栓固定等等连接方式，在此不再赘述。
可选地，喉体固定模块10还包括容置于腔体内的至少两个塑料胶管，塑料胶管为弧状结构，喉体固定座14的相对两侧设有通孔及调整螺栓，调整螺栓用于穿设于通孔以调整两个塑料胶管所形成的内腔内径，以固定不同物种和尺寸的离体喉标本。
在另一些实施例中，第一底座11为铝铁合金，其下方可贴附双面胶，可灵活固定，自由摆放，使其在垂直方向上可以180度调节，在水平方向上可以360度转向调节，也可以通过螺钉固定，便于拆装，不易移动，连接直达喉镜后更加牢固，方便手术操作。
实施例3
在本实施例中，除了包含上述其中一个或者多种结构外，为了使喉镜固定模块20可以调节高度，前后倾角度可调节，左右方向可360 度调节方位，如图1所示，喉镜固定模块20包括第二底座21、连接第二底座21的高度可调的第二支撑杆22、连接第二支撑杆22的第二连接座23及连接第二连接座23的喉镜固定座24，第二支撑杆22上设有伸缩杆220及用于调节伸缩杆220高度的调节件221；第二连接座23与喉镜固定座24为旋转连接；喉镜固定座24上设有弹簧夹240、第一喉镜定位块241及第二喉镜定位块242，弹簧夹240与第一喉镜定位块241、第二喉镜定位块242配合以准确定位喉镜。弹簧夹240可以直接安装不同型号，不同形状大小的喉镜。弹簧夹240、第一喉镜定位块241及第二喉镜定位块242的数量均为2个，第一喉镜定位块241设于两个弹簧夹240之间，两个第一喉镜定位块241之间具有导向定位槽，用于对喉镜进行进一步地导向定位，第二喉镜定位块242呈钩形状，其位于弹簧夹240的前端，以便于视觉对准。第二连接座23与喉镜固定座24可以为啮合旋转或者螺栓固定等等连接方式，在此不再赘述。可选地，两个第二喉镜定位块242之间还设有间隙槽，避免阻挡了喉镜的视觉。
其中，喉体模拟操作装置还包括底板40及滑动模块41，喉体固定模块10固定安装在底板40的一端，滑动模块41安装在底板40的另一端，喉镜固定模块20安装在滑动模块41上且通过滑动模块41以调节喉镜固定模块20与喉体固定模块10之间的距离。可任意滑动，调整喉镜与标本、显微镜之间的距离。底板40呈长方形，33×20cm2,面板干净易清洗。这样设计，既可以随意搬动，又具有一定的支撑稳定性，保证操作时不容易发生位移，也能保证台面整洁。同时，底板 40的底面设有四个防滑凸块，避免底板40在桌面上滑动。
可选的，滑动模块41包括具有导向轨道的第三底座410及在第三底座410上滑动的滑板411，喉镜固定模块20的第二底座21安装在滑板411上，第三底座410上设有末端限位柱412及始端限位柱413，末端限位柱412、始端限位柱413分别对滑板411的前进或者后退的端部进行限位，避免过度滑动，使其滑出第三底座410。滑板411的底部设有滑轮及导向块，滑轮设于滑板411的相对两侧且在第三底座410的两侧滑动，导向块在导向轨道上移动，便于喉镜固定模块20在移动时为直线移动。
在另一些实施例中，第二底座21与滑板411为旋转连接，使其可以微调喉镜与离体喉标本之间的位置关系，即弧线调整。
实施例4
在本实施例中，除了包含上述其中一个或者多种结构外，如图2所示，可调节手术托手架30包括可调节固定架31、双关节可升降支架32及托手架33，可调节固定架31设有第一夹持件310、第二夹持件311及调整螺杆312，第一夹持件310设有夹持口，第二夹持件311位于夹持口内且通过调整螺杆312以调整夹持口的大小；双关节可升降支架32包括第一关节320、第二关节321、第三关节322及第四关节323，第一关节320的一端与第一夹持件310为旋转连接，第一关节320的另一端设有卡接齿，第二关节321设有与卡接齿啮合的啮合齿，第二关节321设于第三关节322内且可在第三关节322内升降，第四关节323与第三关节322为旋转连接，托手架33安装在第四关 节323的末端，托手架33设有弧状的托手槽。使用时，调节夹持口的大小，然后固定夹持在任意厚度的桌子或台面上，在通过双关节可升降支架32的各关节，调整托手架33的高度，两边高度可不同，根据术者体位可灵活调整，再将术者手臂或肘关节放置在弧状的托手槽上，防止操作人员在长时间操作时出现手部疲劳而影响操作的稳定性，同时保持手臂的操作位置，规范操作。
可选的，可调节手术托手架30的数量为两个。第四关节323呈水平安装设置。
实施例5
在本实施例中，除了包含上述其中一个或者多种结构外，可移动手术显微镜设有移动臂及安装在移动臂上的显微镜镜头，显微镜镜头通过移动臂以调整显微镜镜头与喉镜之间的间距。在另一实施例中，可移动手术显微镜为桌面式AM-2000手术显微镜，实现五档变倍焦距，满足显微手术需求。内置摄像头及HDMI高清数据线，随时可将术野传输至显示系统，指导老师、助手或其他学员可以观看术者解剖的实时动态视频，以便观察操作者的解剖步骤完成情况、是否规范等。
实施例6
在本实施例中，除了包含上述其中一个或者多种结构外，实时动态显示器包括至少一台现场操作显示屏及汇集监视显示总屏，各现场操作显示屏均与汇集监视显示总屏电性连接。其中，现场操作显示屏的规格为19英寸，分辨率≥1280X1024，画面细节异常清晰。汇集 监视显示总屏将每一台现场操作显示屏的信息汇集到导师指导监视屏，方便指导老师观察和指导每一位学员的操作和模拟手术细节，实现一名导师远程多线路指导，更加符合疫情当下地远程教育体系。
在另一实施例中，该咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统还包括无线蓝牙动作传感器，无线蓝牙动作传感器与实时动态显示器电性连接，实时动态显示器还安装有配套全方位(陀螺仪及磁场)的内镜技术动作评估软件，将无线蓝牙动作传感器安装在操作者的手臂上，通过内镜技术动作评估软件，精准评估学员操作杆抖动、行程、姿态、位置等参数，并自动生成成绩报告及学习曲线，精确实时分析学员动作变化，当操作者的操作错误时，可以及时提醒及纠正。
在另一些实施例中，还可以安装其他的操作动作轨迹跟踪组件，监测学员动作加速度、速度、颤抖度、动作总行程、旋转、视野可见性能参数。
实施例7
在本实施例中，除了包含上述其中一个或者多种结构外，该咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统还包括可移动的收纳台车，收纳台车从上而下设置有多个收纳空间，可以放置咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统的组件，形成一个整体的结构出售，并且为多层次设计，操作轻便，节省空间。
以上的实施例中，本发明技术方案具有咽喉微创手术专科特色，设计简约，各部件之间巧妙连接，无过多障碍物阻挡操作空间，操作学员进行手术模拟训练，同时该体系外接显示器，可将显微镜视野外放，方便其他学员直观学习和导师评价。同时导师指导监控显示屏实 现一名导师远程多线路指导，更加符合疫情当下的远程教育体系。该系统为一体化，轻便，可随意搬动、清洁，高度、方位可灵活调节，对操作台和操作椅等外界因素要求不高。此外，还设计手术模拟动作示踪工作站，可以跟踪学员培训的手术动作的轨迹，与标准化动作对比评分，这样可以实现精细化、标准化、同质化培训。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，包括：
    喉体模拟操作装置，所述喉体模拟操作装置包括喉体固定模块及喉镜固定模块，所述喉体固定模块设有用于放置离体喉标本的腔体；所述喉镜固定模块设于所述喉体固定模块的前方；
    喉镜，用于安装在所述喉镜固定模块上且通过调节所述喉镜固定模块的位置后伸入离体喉标本内；
    可调节手术托手架，用于承托操作人员手臂且根据所述喉体模拟操作装置的操作角度进行调整；
    可移动手术显微镜，用于操作人员观测所述喉镜内影像，所述可移动手术显微镜设有内置摄像头，以及
    实时动态显示器，用于与所述内置摄像头电性连接，将操作人员解剖步骤的实时动态视频进行展示与录屏。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述喉体固定模块包括第一底座、连接所述第一底座的第一支撑杆、连接所述第一支撑杆的第一连接座及喉体固定座，所述第一支撑杆通过所述第一连接座与所述喉体固定座旋转连接，所述腔体设于所述喉体固定座内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述喉体固定模块还包括容置于所述腔体内的至少两个塑料胶管，所述塑料胶管为弧状结构，所述喉体固定座的相对两侧设有通孔及调整螺栓，所述调整螺栓用于穿设于所述通孔以调整两个所述塑料胶管所形成的内腔内径。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述喉镜固定模块包括第二底座、连接第二底座的高度可调的第二支撑杆、连接所述第二支撑杆的第二连接座及连接所述第二连接座的喉镜固定座，所述第二支撑杆上设有伸缩杆及用于调节所述伸缩杆高度的调节件；所述第二连接座与所述喉镜固定座为旋转连接；所述喉镜固定座上设有弹簧夹、第一喉镜定位块及第二喉镜定位块，所述弹簧夹与所述第一喉镜定位块、第二喉镜定位块配合以准确定位所述喉镜。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述喉体模拟操作装置还包括底板及滑动模块，所述喉体固定模块固定安装在所述底板的一端，所述滑动模块安装在所述底板的另一端，所述喉镜固定模块安装在所述滑动模块上且通过所述滑动模块以调节所述喉镜固定模块与所述喉体固定模块之间的距离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述滑动模块包括具有导向轨道的第三底座及在所述第三底座上滑动的滑板，所述喉镜固定模块安装在所述滑板上，所述第三底座上设有末端限位柱及始端限位柱，所述滑板的底部设有滑轮及导向块，所述滑轮设于所述滑板的相对两侧且在所述第三底座的两侧滑动，所述导向块在所述导向轨道上移动。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述可调节手术托手架包括可调节固定架、双关节可升降支架及托手架，所述可调节固定架设有第一夹持件、第二夹持件及调整螺杆， 所述第一夹持件设有夹持口，所述第二夹持件位于所述夹持口内且通过所述调整螺杆以调整所述夹持口的大小；所述双关节可升降支架包括第一关节、第二关节、第三关节及第四关节，所述第一关节的一端与所述第一夹持件为旋转连接，所述第一关节的另一端设有卡接齿，所述第二关节设有与所述卡接齿啮合的啮合齿，所述第二关节设于所述第三关节内且可在所述第三关节内升降，所述第四关节与所述第三关节为旋转连接，所述托手架安装在所述第四关节的末端，所述托手架设有弧状的托手槽。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述第四关节呈水平安装设置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述可移动手术显微镜设有移动臂及安装在所述移动臂上的显微镜镜头，所述显微镜镜头通过所述移动臂以调整所述显微镜镜头与所述喉镜之间的间距。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统，其特征在于，所述实时动态显示器包括至少一台现场操作显示屏及汇集监视显示总屏，各所述现场操作显示屏均与所述汇集监视显示总屏电性连接。
PCT/CN2023/118282 2022-11-16 2023-09-12 一种咽喉微创模拟教学实训系统 WO2024103937A1 (zh)

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