WO2024101486A1 - High-temperature superconductive rotary machine - Google Patents

High-temperature superconductive rotary machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024101486A1
WO2024101486A1 PCT/KR2022/017762 KR2022017762W WO2024101486A1 WO 2024101486 A1 WO2024101486 A1 WO 2024101486A1 KR 2022017762 W KR2022017762 W KR 2022017762W WO 2024101486 A1 WO2024101486 A1 WO 2024101486A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
field coil
coil
heat exchanger
recondensation
superconducting
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PCT/KR2022/017762
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
손명환
김성규
김준일
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한국전기연구원
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Publication of WO2024101486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024101486A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
    • H02K55/02—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type
    • H02K55/04—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures of the synchronous type with rotating field windings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D3/00—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies
    • F25D3/10—Devices using other cold materials; Devices using cold-storage bodies using liquefied gases, e.g. liquid air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/047—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F28D1/0472—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag the conduits being helically or spirally coiled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/288—Shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a high-temperature superconducting rotator with an improved cooling structure of the field and/or armature coil.
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotor has the advantage of being able to reduce losses (core loss, excitation loss, etc.) by more than half compared to conventional normal-conducting rotors, and being able to pass a large amount of current to the field coil, making it easy to increase capacity and miniaturize.
  • high-temperature superconducting motors adopt a rotating field type, and include a superconducting field coil wound with high-temperature superconducting wire to generate a high magnetic field, and a refrigerant supply/recovery device to cool the superconducting field coil and maintain it in a superconducting state. It consists of:
  • the refrigerant supply/recovery device for this is a transfer pipe for connecting the cryogenic refrigerator and the inner cylinder in which the superconducting field coil is accommodated, and the circulating flow of refrigerant.
  • a refrigeration system including a pump is required.
  • the registered patent is a rotating armature type, with a superconducting field coil inside a cylindrical structure that accommodates a superconducting field coil to form a strong magnetic field through the cooling effect of injected liquid hydrogen and a field coil supporter to support the superconducting field coil.
  • An armature coil that generates a magnetic field is accommodated by a repulsive action against the formed magnetic field.
  • a torque tube to support the reaction force of the armature coil acting on the superconducting field coil, it receives liquid hydrogen from the outside to cool the superconducting field coil, and surrounds the superconducting field coil and the field coil support.
  • the fuel cell is connected to the inner cylinder of the cryogenic vessel and receives evaporated hydrogen gas to generate electricity.
  • the field coil is made of high-temperature superconducting wire
  • the armature coil is made of a general conductor
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotor is a method in which the coil is partially superconducted, and in order to superconduct both the field coil and the armature coil, an independent refrigerant tank and a cryogenic refrigerator are required, which has the problem of complicating the system configuration.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting rotor that can reduce volume and weight by making both the field and armature coils superconducting.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting rotor in which the rotating field coil and armature coil can be cooled in conjunction with a system using a fuel cell.
  • Another object of the present invention is to cool the rotary field coil and armature coil by forming an inert refrigerant whose boiling point is higher than that of liquid hydrogen, so that the cooled state can be maintained through heat exchange with the heat exchanger inside the liquid hydrogen tank.
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotor according to the present invention includes a fuel cell for generating electricity using hydrogen gas, a liquid hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, and an inert refrigerant having a higher boiling point than the liquid hydrogen is accommodated therein.
  • a superconducting field coil passes inside the field coil, rotates about the rotation axis, and is provided on the outside of the field coil inner tube; and a field coil support part for supporting the same, and the superconducting field coil, the field coil support part, and the field coil inner tube inside.
  • An armature coil cooling tank for cooling the armature coil, a hollow torque tube provided between the field coil outer cylinder and the field coil inner cylinder, rotating, and supporting the reaction force of the armature coil acting on the superconducting field coil, and the hollow torque tube.
  • a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger provided in the liquid hydrogen tank through a heat pipe, and includes a recondensation heat exchanger in which conduction cooling is performed, and a recondensation chamber that accommodates the same.
  • a gas flow path that guides the inert gas evaporated from the inner tube of the field coil to the recondensation chamber, and collects the inert refrigerant recondensed by the recondensation heat exchanger inside the recondensation chamber. It is characterized in that a recovery pipe is further provided so that it can be transferred to the inner tube of the field coil.
  • the inert refrigerant is characterized as liquid neon, which has a higher boiling point than liquid hydrogen.
  • An anti-coagulation heater is further provided on one side of the recondensation heat exchanger to prevent supercooling.
  • the recondensation heat exchanger is divided into a first recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the superconducting field coil and a second recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the armature coil, and the liquid hydrogen tank includes the first recondensation heat exchanger and the second recondensation heat exchanger. It is characterized in that a heat exchanger and a corresponding liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger are provided.
  • the rotating field coil is cooled using liquid neon, which has a higher stability than liquid hydrogen, and the liquid neon, which has a relatively higher boiling point than liquid hydrogen, is connected to a heat exchanger provided in the liquid hydrogen tank without a separate cooler to conduct electricity.
  • a separate refrigerator is not required.
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention is composed of a vertical axis rotating field coil, and a recondensation chamber containing liquid neon at the rotation center and a recondensation heat exchanger is provided on the upper side of the vertical axis to generate vaporized neon gas. After condensing in the recondensation chamber, it falls by its own weight and is recovered, so piping connection to form a circulation path of the refrigerant is not required, which has the advantage of simplifying the configuration of the high-temperature superconducting rotor.
  • the coil portion of the high-temperature superconducting rotator is completely superconducted by liquid neon, it has the advantage of reducing the volume and weight while improving the efficiency of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a recondensation recovery path of liquid neon for cooling a superconducting field coil.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
  • first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, sequence, or order of the component is not limited by the term.
  • a component is described as being “connected,” “coupled,” or “connected” to another component, that component can be connected or connected directly to that other component, but there is no need for another component between each component. It should be understood that may be “connected,” “combined,” or “connected.”
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagram showing an example of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram illustrating a recondensation recovery path of liquid neon for cooling a superconducting field coil.
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotator 100 can be driven in conjunction with a fuel cell system including a liquid hydrogen tank 10 in a rotating field type.
  • the field coil 220 which is composed of a rotating type, is formed of a second-generation high-temperature superconducting wire, and the boiling point is around -248°C to -243°C, which is higher than that of liquid hydrogen (-252.9°C). It has a structure that is cooled with a highly inert refrigerant.
  • conduction cooling is performed by the liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 and heat pipe 680 provided in the liquid hydrogen tank 10 using liquid neon with a boiling point of -245.9°C as a refrigerant, and the liquid neon is used as a refrigerant. It has the feature of not including a separate cryogenic freezer for cooling the neon.
  • the superconducting field coil 220 provided inside the housing 110 is cooled by liquid neon, and the liquid neon for cooling the superconducting field coil 220 is used in a fuel cell. It is conductively cooled by a liquid hydrogen tank (10) for supplying hydrogen gas.
  • the superconducting field coil 220 is provided to surround the rotating shaft 120 provided on one side of the housing 110 and supports the field coil inner tube 210, which accommodates the liquid neon therein, and the field coil 220. It includes a field coil support part 230 and a field coil outer tube 230 that accommodates the field coil inner tube 210, the field coil support part 230, and the superconducting field coil 220.
  • the field coil outer cylinder 230 is further provided with a torque tube 140 to support the reaction force of the armature coil 420 acting on the superconducting field coil 220.
  • the field coil inner cylinder 210 is formed in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the rotation shaft 120, and communicates with the recondensation chamber 600 through the recovery pipe 640 and the neon gas passage 660.
  • the recondensation chamber 600 is a vacuum insulated chamber equipped with a recondensation heat exchanger 620 therein.
  • the recondensation heat exchanger 620 is a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 provided in the liquid hydrogen tank 10. and is connected through a heat pipe (680).
  • the re-condensation heat exchanger 620 conducts cooling of the cold air from the liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 through the heat pipe 680 to enable re-condensation of liquid neon inside the re-condensation chamber 600.
  • the recondensation heat exchanger 620 is located above the recovery pipe 640.
  • the liquid neon is vaporized inside the field coil inner tube 210 as shown in FIG. 2a, and after neon gas (GNe) flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the neon gas flow path 660, it is re-condensed. It is condensed by the condensation heat exchanger (620). Then, the re-condensed liquid neon (LNe) freely falls and is collected through the gutter 642 formed at the end of the recovery pipe 640, as shown in FIG. 2b, and then recovered back into the field coil inner tube 210.
  • GNe neon gas
  • LNe re-condensed liquid neon
  • a magnetic fluid chamber 180 is further provided outside the recovery pipe 640 connected to the recondensation chamber 600, so that the vacuum state can be stably maintained even during rotation.
  • an armature coil 420 formed of a high-temperature superconducting wire is provided outside the superconducting field coil 220, which is cooled as described above.
  • MgB 2 or Bi-2122 wire may be used as the high-temperature superconducting wire.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the high-temperature superconducting rotor according to the present invention.
  • the armature coil 420 is cooled by liquid hydrogen inside the armature coil cooling tank 460, and the liquid cooling the armature coil 420 is used.
  • Hydrogen may be communicated with the liquid hydrogen tank 10 and the fuel cell 30 that receives hydrogen gas through the liquid hydrogen tank 10.
  • the superconducting field coil 220 is superconducted by liquid neon in the structure described above, and the armature coil 420 is superconducted by the liquid hydrogen tank 10. It can be formed into a superconducting structure.
  • the armature coil 420 becomes superconducting due to the cooling effect of the injected liquid hydrogen, and current is induced in the magnetic field formed by the superconducting field coil 220 to generate alternating current.
  • a non-magnetic armature support portion 480 is provided on one side of the armature coil 420 to support the armature coil 420, and a mechanical shield 440 is provided outside the armature coil cooling tank 460 that accommodates them. It may be further provided between the housing 110 and the armature coil cooling tank 460.
  • a vaporization heater 490 is further provided on one side of the armature coil 420 to vaporize liquid hydrogen and supply it to the fuel cell, and on one side of the recondensation heat exchanger 620, a vaporization heater 490 is provided to prevent supercooling.
  • An prevention heater 690 may be further provided.
  • cooling using exeneon can be performed as in the above-described embodiment.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotary machine according to the present invention.
  • a first recondensation heat exchanger 622 corresponding to the superconducting field coil 220
  • a second recondensation heat exchanger 624 corresponding to the armature coil 420 is provided, and liquid neon is accommodated inside the field coil inner tube 210 and the armature coil cooling tank 460.
  • liquid neon tank 10 is also provided with two liquid hydrogen tank heat exchangers 20, and the first recondensation heat exchanger 622 and the second recondensation heat exchanger 624 each have a heat pipe 680. It is connected to
  • the neon gas vaporized while cooling the superconducting field coil 220 flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the first neon gas passage 622 and is re-condensed by the first re-condensation heat exchanger 622. After condensation, it is collected into the field coil inner tube 210 through the first recovery pipe 642.
  • the neon gas vaporized while cooling the armature coil 420 flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the second neon gas passage 624 and is then re-condensed by the second re-condensation heat exchanger 624. After condensation, it is collected into the armature coil cooling tank 460 through the second recovery pipe 644.
  • the superconducting field coil 220 is cooled with liquid neon with a relatively high boiling point without a separate cryogenic refrigerator, and the liquid neon is used to supply hydrogen gas to the fuel cell. Cooling and re-condensation can be achieved through heat exchange with liquid hydrogen using the liquid hydrogen tank 10 and the heat pipe 680.
  • the superconducting field coil 220 cooled as described above can be excited by receiving power from the fuel cell, and the rotational force is transmitted to the armature coil 420 by the strong magnetic field generated thereby, generating current. Or, conversely, a rotational force can be generated by applying current to the armature coil 420.
  • the high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention cools the rotating field coil using liquid neon, which is more stable than liquid hydrogen, and the liquid neon cooled by the rotating field coil is configured to be cooled using the cold air of liquid hydrogen. .
  • liquid hydrogen can be easily applied to a system using a fuel cell without a separate refrigerator by being provided through a liquid hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell in a system using a fuel cell.
  • High-temperature superconducting rotors that can be applied in conjunction with fuel cells can provide stable operation while reducing volume and weight. Through this, the efficiency of the device can be improved, and based on this, it can be applied to various product fields.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a high-temperature superconductive rotary machine with an improved cooling structure of a field magnet and/or an armature coil. The high-temperature superconductive rotary machine according to the present invention is a rotating field magnet-type superconductive rotary machine in which a field coil inner cylinder, which communicates with a heat exchanger provided in a liquified hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to a fuel cell and accommodates therein an inert refrigerant having a higher boiling point than liquid hydrogen, is provided inside a field coil made of a high-temperature superconducting wire and an armature coil made of a high-temperature superconducting wire is accommodated in an armature coil cooling tank together with an inert refrigerant, and then, by circulating the inert refrigerant, both the field coil and the armature coil can be cooled, thus enabling superconducting thereof without the need to provide a separate cooler for each coil even though the field coil and the armature coil are made of high-temperature superconducting wires. Thus, according to the present invention, the configuration of the high-temperature superconductive rotary machine is simplified with the advantages of reducing the volume and weight thereof while improving the efficiency of the machine.

Description

고온초전도 회전기High-temperature superconducting rotator
본 발명은 고온초전도 회전기에 관한 기술로, 계자 및/또는 전기자 코일의 냉각 구조를 개선한 고온초전도 회전기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a high-temperature superconducting rotator with an improved cooling structure of the field and/or armature coil.
전 세계적으로 에너지 자원 고갈과 환경오염 및 기후변화 등이 현실적인 문제로 대두되면서 무한한 부존자원이면서 청정발전이 가능한 수소에너지가 주목받고 있다. As energy resource depletion, environmental pollution, and climate change become realistic problems around the world, hydrogen energy, which is an infinite resource and capable of clean power generation, is attracting attention.
즉, 석유, 천연가스 및 우라늄의 사용가능한 매장량 한계와 CO2 발생으로 인한 기후변화 및 방사능 오염 등으로 인한 환경문제를 해결하기 위하여 수소에너지를 이용한 발전시스템인 연료전지(Fuel Cell)가 대체 발전기술로 주목되며 활발한 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있다. In other words, in order to solve environmental problems caused by limitations in usable reserves of oil, natural gas, and uranium, climate change due to CO2 generation, and radioactive pollution, fuel cells, a power generation system using hydrogen energy, are an alternative power generation technology. It is receiving attention and active research and development is taking place.
하지만, 연료전지를 활용하는 시스템에서 일반 상전도 모터를 사용하는 경우에는 연료전지, 수소저장탱크 및 상전도 모터 등이 포함됨에 따라 전체 시스템의 부피 및 무게 증가로 인해 자동차나 선박 등의 수송기관 추진기로 적용하기에 많은 어려움이 있다. However, when a general normal conduction motor is used in a system using a fuel cell, the volume and weight of the entire system increases due to the inclusion of the fuel cell, hydrogen storage tank, and normal conduction motor. There are many difficulties in applying it.
한편, 고온초전도 회전기는 종래 상전도 회전기에 비해 손실(철심손실, 여자손실 등)을 절반 이상 줄일 수 있고 계자코일에 대용량의 전류를 통전할 수 있기 때문에 대용량화 및 소형화가 용이한 장점을 가지고 있다. Meanwhile, the high-temperature superconducting rotor has the advantage of being able to reduce losses (core loss, excitation loss, etc.) by more than half compared to conventional normal-conducting rotors, and being able to pass a large amount of current to the field coil, making it easy to increase capacity and miniaturize.
일반적으로 고온초전도 모터는 회전 계자형이 채택되고 있으며, 높은 자장을 발생시키기 위해 고온초전도선재로 권선된 초전도 계자코일과, 상기 초전도 계자코일을 냉각하여 초전도 상태로 유지하기 위한 냉매 공급/회수장치를 포함하여 구성된다. In general, high-temperature superconducting motors adopt a rotating field type, and include a superconducting field coil wound with high-temperature superconducting wire to generate a high magnetic field, and a refrigerant supply/recovery device to cool the superconducting field coil and maintain it in a superconducting state. It consists of:
즉, 상기 초전도 계자 코일의 초전도 상태 유지를 위해서는 극저온 환경을 유지할 필요가 있으며, 이를 위한 냉매 공급/회수 장치는 극저온 냉동기와 상기 초전도 계자 코일이 수용되는 내통을 연결하기 위한 이송관과 냉매의 순환 유동을 위한 펌프를 포함하는 냉동시스템이 요구된다. That is, in order to maintain the superconducting state of the superconducting field coil, it is necessary to maintain a cryogenic environment, and the refrigerant supply/recovery device for this is a transfer pipe for connecting the cryogenic refrigerator and the inner cylinder in which the superconducting field coil is accommodated, and the circulating flow of refrigerant. A refrigeration system including a pump is required.
한편, 대한민국 등록특허 10-0571679“연료전지가 결합된 초전도 모터”에는 냉매로 사용되어 증발된 수소가스를 연료전지의 에너지원으로 사용하여 발전하고, 발전된 전기를 다시 모터의 구동전력으로 사용하는 연료전지가 결합된 초전도 모터 기술이 게시된다. Meanwhile, Republic of Korea Patent No. 10-0571679, “Superconducting motor combined with fuel cell,” uses hydrogen gas evaporated as a refrigerant to generate power as an energy source for the fuel cell, and uses the generated electricity as driving power for the motor. Superconducting motor technology combined with a battery is published.
상세히, 상기 등록특허는 회전 전기자형으로, 주입된 액체수소에 의한 냉각작용으로 강한 자기장을 형성하기 위한 초전도 계자 코일과 이를 지지하기 위한 계자코일 지지부가 수용되는 원통형 구조체의 내부에 초전도 계자 코일에 의해 형성되는 자장에 대한 반발 작용으로 자장을 발생시키는 전기자 코일이 수용된다. In detail, the registered patent is a rotating armature type, with a superconducting field coil inside a cylindrical structure that accommodates a superconducting field coil to form a strong magnetic field through the cooling effect of injected liquid hydrogen and a field coil supporter to support the superconducting field coil. An armature coil that generates a magnetic field is accommodated by a repulsive action against the formed magnetic field.
그리고, 상기 초전도 계자코일에 작용하는 전기자 코일의 반작용력을 지지하기 위한 토크 튜브(torque tube)로서, 외부로부터 액체수소를 공급받아 초전도 계자코일을 냉각시키며, 초전도 계자코일 및 계자코일 지지부를 둘러싸도록 설치되는 극저온용기 내통과 이를 둘러싸는 극저온용기 외통이 구비되며, 연료전지는 상기 극저온용기 내통과 연결되어 증발된 수소가스를 공급받아 전기를 발생시킨다. And, as a torque tube to support the reaction force of the armature coil acting on the superconducting field coil, it receives liquid hydrogen from the outside to cool the superconducting field coil, and surrounds the superconducting field coil and the field coil support. There is an inner cylinder of the cryogenic vessel installed and an outer cryogenic vessel surrounding it, and the fuel cell is connected to the inner cylinder of the cryogenic vessel and receives evaporated hydrogen gas to generate electricity.
하지만, 상기와 같은 종래 기술에서는 계자 코일만 고온초전도 선재로 구성되고, 전기자 코일은 일반 도체로 형성된다. However, in the prior art as described above, only the field coil is made of high-temperature superconducting wire, and the armature coil is made of a general conductor.
즉, 종래 기술에 따른 고온초전도 회전기는 부분적으로 코일을 초전도화 시킨 방식이며, 계자 코일과 전기자 코일을 모두 초전도화 시키기 위해서는 각각 독립된 냉매조와 극저온 냉동기를 구비하여 시스템 구성이 복잡해지는 문제점을 가진다. In other words, the high-temperature superconducting rotor according to the prior art is a method in which the coil is partially superconducted, and in order to superconduct both the field coil and the armature coil, an independent refrigerant tank and a cryogenic refrigerator are required, which has the problem of complicating the system configuration.
본 발명의 목적은 계자 및 전기자 코일을 모두 초전도화시켜 부피 및 무게를 경감시킬 수 있는 고온초전도 회전기를 제공하는 것이다. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting rotor that can reduce volume and weight by making both the field and armature coils superconducting.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 회전형 계자 코일 및 전기자 코일이 연료전지를 이용하는 시스템과 연계하여 냉각될 수 있는 고온초전도 회전기를 제공하는 것이다. Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature superconducting rotor in which the rotating field coil and armature coil can be cooled in conjunction with a system using a fuel cell.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 회전형 계자 코일 및 전기자 코일을 냉각시키기 위한 냉매의 끓는점이 액체수소보다 높은 불활성 냉매로 형성되어 액체수소탱크 내부의 열교환기와 열교환을 통해 냉각상태가 유지될 수 있도록 하는 고온초전도 회전기를 제공하는 것이다Another object of the present invention is to cool the rotary field coil and armature coil by forming an inert refrigerant whose boiling point is higher than that of liquid hydrogen, so that the cooled state can be maintained through heat exchange with the heat exchanger inside the liquid hydrogen tank. To provide a superconducting rotating machine
본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기는 수소가스를 이용하여 전기를 생성하기 위한 연료전지와 상기 연료전지로 수소가스를 공급하기 위한 액체수소탱크와, 내부에 상기 액체수소보다 끓는점이 높은 불활성 냉매가 수용되는 계자코일 내통과, 회전축을 중심으로 회전하며, 상기 계자코일 내통의 외측에 구비되는 초전도 계자코일;과 이의 지지를 위한 계자코일 지지부와, 상기 초전도 계자코일과 계자코일 지지부 및 계자코일 내통을 내부에 수용하는 계자코일 외통과, 상기 초전도 계자코일에 의해 여자되며, 고온초전도 선재로 형성되는 전기자 코일과, 상기 전기자 코일과 이의 지지를 위한 비자성 전기자 지지부를 내부에 수용하며, 상기 불활성 냉매가 수용되어 전기자 코일을 냉각시키는 전기자코일 냉각조와, 상기 계자코일 외통과 계자코일 내통 사이에 구비되어 회전하며, 상기 초전도 계자코일에 작용하는 상기 전기자 코일의 반력작용을 지지하기 위한 중공형 토크튜브 및 상기 중공형 토크튜브 내부를 관통하여 상기 계자코일 내통과 연통되며, 상기 액체수소탱크에 구비되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기와 히트파이프로 연결되어 전도냉각이 이루어지는 재응축 열교환기와 이를 내부에 수용하는 재응축챔버를 포함하며, 상기 재응축 열교환기의 하측에는 상기 계자코일 내통에서 증발되는 불활성 가스를 상기 재응축챔버로 안내하는 가스유로와, 상기 재응축챔버 내부에서 상기 재응축 열교환기에 의해 재응축된 불활성 냉매를 포집하여 상기 계자코일 내통으로 이송될 수 있도록 하는 회수파이프가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The high-temperature superconducting rotor according to the present invention includes a fuel cell for generating electricity using hydrogen gas, a liquid hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, and an inert refrigerant having a higher boiling point than the liquid hydrogen is accommodated therein. A superconducting field coil passes inside the field coil, rotates about the rotation axis, and is provided on the outside of the field coil inner tube; and a field coil support part for supporting the same, and the superconducting field coil, the field coil support part, and the field coil inner tube inside. It accommodates an external field coil, an armature coil excited by the superconducting field coil and formed of a high-temperature superconducting wire, and a non-magnetic armature support part for supporting the armature coil and the same, and the inert refrigerant is accommodated therein. An armature coil cooling tank for cooling the armature coil, a hollow torque tube provided between the field coil outer cylinder and the field coil inner cylinder, rotating, and supporting the reaction force of the armature coil acting on the superconducting field coil, and the hollow torque tube. It penetrates the inside of the torque tube and communicates with the inner tube of the field coil, and is connected to a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger provided in the liquid hydrogen tank through a heat pipe, and includes a recondensation heat exchanger in which conduction cooling is performed, and a recondensation chamber that accommodates the same. , on the lower side of the recondensation heat exchanger, a gas flow path that guides the inert gas evaporated from the inner tube of the field coil to the recondensation chamber, and collects the inert refrigerant recondensed by the recondensation heat exchanger inside the recondensation chamber. It is characterized in that a recovery pipe is further provided so that it can be transferred to the inner tube of the field coil.
상기 불활성 냉매는 상기 액체수소보다 끓는점이 높은 액체네온인 것을 특징으로 한다.The inert refrigerant is characterized as liquid neon, which has a higher boiling point than liquid hydrogen.
상기 재응축 열교환기 일측에는 과냉각 방지를 위한 응고방지히터가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.An anti-coagulation heater is further provided on one side of the recondensation heat exchanger to prevent supercooling.
상기 재응축 열교환기는 상기 초전도 계자코일과 대응되는 제1재응축 열교환기와, 상기 전기자 코일과 대응되는 제2재응축 열교환기로 구분되며 상기 액체수소탱크에는 상기 제1재응축 열교환기 및 제2재응축 열교환기와 각각 대응되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 한다.The recondensation heat exchanger is divided into a first recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the superconducting field coil and a second recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the armature coil, and the liquid hydrogen tank includes the first recondensation heat exchanger and the second recondensation heat exchanger. It is characterized in that a heat exchanger and a corresponding liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger are provided.
본 발명에 따르면, 회전형 계자코일을 액체수소보다 안정성이 높은 액체네온을 이용하여 냉각하며, 상대적으로 액체수소보다 끓는 점이 높은 액체네온을 별도의 냉각기 없이 액화수소탱크에 구비되는 열교환기와 연결되어 전도냉각 될 수 있도록 함으로써 별도의 냉동기가 요구되지 않는다. According to the present invention, the rotating field coil is cooled using liquid neon, which has a higher stability than liquid hydrogen, and the liquid neon, which has a relatively higher boiling point than liquid hydrogen, is connected to a heat exchanger provided in the liquid hydrogen tank without a separate cooler to conduct electricity. By allowing cooling, a separate refrigerator is not required.
특히, 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기는 수직축 회전형 계자 코일로 구성되며, 회전 중심에 액체네온이 수용되고 재응축 열교환기가 수용되는 재응축 챔버가 상기 수직축의 상측에 구비되도록 구성되어 기화된 네온가스가 재응축 챔버에서 응축된 이후 자중에 의해 낙하되며 회수됨에 따라 냉매의 순환경로를 형성하기 위한 배관 연결이 요구되지 않으므로 고온초전도 회전기의 구성이 간소화되는 이점을 가진다. In particular, the high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention is composed of a vertical axis rotating field coil, and a recondensation chamber containing liquid neon at the rotation center and a recondensation heat exchanger is provided on the upper side of the vertical axis to generate vaporized neon gas. After condensing in the recondensation chamber, it falls by its own weight and is recovered, so piping connection to form a circulation path of the refrigerant is not required, which has the advantage of simplifying the configuration of the high-temperature superconducting rotor.
또한, 고온초전도 회전기의 코일부가 액체네온에 의해 모두 초전도화 됨에 따라 기기의 효율을 향상시키면서 체적과 중량을 줄일 수 있는 이점을 가진다. In addition, as the coil portion of the high-temperature superconducting rotator is completely superconducted by liquid neon, it has the advantage of reducing the volume and weight while improving the efficiency of the device.
도 1 은 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 일 실시 예를 보인 도면.1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
도 2 는 초전도 계자 코일의 냉각을 위한 액체네온의 재응축 회수 경로를 설명하기 위한 도면.FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a recondensation recovery path of liquid neon for cooling a superconducting field coil.
도 3 은 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 다른 실시 예를 보인 도면.Figure 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
도 4 는 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 또 다른 실시 예를 보인 도면. Figure 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention.
이하, 본 발명의 일부 실시예들을 예시적인 도면을 통해 상세하게 설명한다. 각 도면의 구성요소들에 참조부호를 부가함에 있어서, 동일한 구성요소들에 대해서는 비록 다른 도면상에 표시되더라도 가능한 한 동일한 부호를 가지도록 하고 있음에 유의해야 한다. 또한, 본 발명의 실시예를 설명함에 있어, 관련된 공지 구성 또는 기능에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 실시예에 대한 이해를 방해한다고 판단되는 경우에는 그 상세한 설명은 생략한다.Hereinafter, some embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail through illustrative drawings. When adding reference numerals to components in each drawing, it should be noted that identical components are given the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are shown in different drawings. Additionally, when describing embodiments of the present invention, if detailed descriptions of related known configurations or functions are judged to impede understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the detailed descriptions will be omitted.
또한, 본 발명의 실시예의 구성 요소를 설명하는 데 있어서, 제1, 제2, A, B, (a), (b) 등의 용어를 사용할 수 있다. 이러한 용어는 그 구성 요소를 다른 구성 요소와 구별하기 위한 것일 뿐, 그 용어에 의해 해당 구성 요소의 본질이나 차례 또는 순서 등이 한정되지 않는다. 어떤 구성 요소가 다른 구성요소에 “연결”, “결합” 또는 “접속”된다고 기재된 경우, 그 구성 요소는 그 다른 구성요소에 직접적으로 연결되거나 접속될 수 있지만, 각 구성 요소 사이에 또 다른 구성 요소가 “연결”, “결합” 또는 “접속”될 수도 있다고 이해되어야 할 것이다.Additionally, when describing the components of an embodiment of the present invention, terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), and (b) may be used. These terms are only used to distinguish the component from other components, and the nature, sequence, or order of the component is not limited by the term. When a component is described as being “connected,” “coupled,” or “connected” to another component, that component can be connected or connected directly to that other component, but there is no need for another component between each component. It should be understood that may be “connected,” “combined,” or “connected.”
도 1 에는 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 일 실시 예를 보인 도면이 도시되고, 도 2 에는 초전도 계자 코일의 냉각을 위한 액체네온의 재응축 회수 경로를 설명하기 위한 도면이 도시된다.FIG. 1 shows a diagram showing an example of a high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a diagram illustrating a recondensation recovery path of liquid neon for cooling a superconducting field coil.
이들 도면을 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기(100)는 회전 계자형으로 액체수소탱크(10)를 포함하는 연료전지 시스템과 연계하여 구동될 수 있다.Referring to these drawings, the high-temperature superconducting rotator 100 according to the present invention can be driven in conjunction with a fuel cell system including a liquid hydrogen tank 10 in a rotating field type.
본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기(100)는 회전형으로 구성되는 계자 코일(220)이 2세대 고온초전도 선재로 형성되며, 끓는점이 -248℃ 내지 -243℃ 내외로 액체수소(-252.9℃) 보다 높은 불활성 냉매로 냉각되는 구조를 가진다.In the high-temperature superconducting rotator 100 according to the present invention, the field coil 220, which is composed of a rotating type, is formed of a second-generation high-temperature superconducting wire, and the boiling point is around -248°C to -243°C, which is higher than that of liquid hydrogen (-252.9°C). It has a structure that is cooled with a highly inert refrigerant.
일 예로, 본 실시 예에서는 끓는점 -245.9℃의 액체네온을 냉매로 상기 액체수소탱크(10)에 구비되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기(20)와 히트파이프(680)에 의한 전도냉각이 이루어지며, 액체네온의 냉각을 위한 별도의 극저온 냉동기는 포함되지 않는 특징을 가진다.As an example, in this embodiment, conduction cooling is performed by the liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 and heat pipe 680 provided in the liquid hydrogen tank 10 using liquid neon with a boiling point of -245.9°C as a refrigerant, and the liquid neon is used as a refrigerant. It has the feature of not including a separate cryogenic freezer for cooling the neon.
상세히, 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기(100)는 하우징(110) 내부에 구비되는 초전도 계자코일(220)이 액체네온에 의해 냉각되며, 초전도 계자코일(220)을 냉각하기 위한 액체네온은 연료전지로 수소가스를 공급하기 위한 액체수소탱크(10)에 의해 전도냉각된다. In detail, in the high-temperature superconducting rotator 100 according to the present invention, the superconducting field coil 220 provided inside the housing 110 is cooled by liquid neon, and the liquid neon for cooling the superconducting field coil 220 is used in a fuel cell. It is conductively cooled by a liquid hydrogen tank (10) for supplying hydrogen gas.
상기 초전도 계자코일(220)은 상기 하우징(110) 일측에 구비되는 회전축(120)을 감싸도록 구비되며 내부에 상기 액체네온이 수용되는 계자코일 내통(210)과, 상기 계자코일(220)을 지지하기 위한 계자코일 지지부(230) 및 상기 계자코일 내통(210)과 계자코일 지지부(230) 및 초전도 계자코일(220)을 수용하는 계자코일 외통(230)을 포함한다. The superconducting field coil 220 is provided to surround the rotating shaft 120 provided on one side of the housing 110 and supports the field coil inner tube 210, which accommodates the liquid neon therein, and the field coil 220. It includes a field coil support part 230 and a field coil outer tube 230 that accommodates the field coil inner tube 210, the field coil support part 230, and the superconducting field coil 220.
그리고, 상기 계자코일 외통(230)에는 상기 초전도 계자코일(220)에 작용하는 전기자 코일(420)의 반작용력 지지를 위한 토크 튜브(140)가 더 구비된다.In addition, the field coil outer cylinder 230 is further provided with a torque tube 140 to support the reaction force of the armature coil 420 acting on the superconducting field coil 220.
상기 계자코일 내통(210)은 상기 회전축(120)과 동축선 상에 구비되는 원통 형상으로 형성되며, 회수파이프(640) 및 네온가스유로(660)를 통해 재응축챔버(600)와 연통된다. The field coil inner cylinder 210 is formed in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the rotation shaft 120, and communicates with the recondensation chamber 600 through the recovery pipe 640 and the neon gas passage 660.
상기 재응축챔버(600)는 내부에 재응축 열교환기(620)가 구비되는 진공단열 챔버로 상기 재응축 열교환기(620)는 액체수소탱크(10)에 구비되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기(20)와 히트파이프(680)를 통해 연결된다. The recondensation chamber 600 is a vacuum insulated chamber equipped with a recondensation heat exchanger 620 therein. The recondensation heat exchanger 620 is a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 provided in the liquid hydrogen tank 10. and is connected through a heat pipe (680).
즉, 상기 재응축 열교환기(620)는 액체수소탱크 열교환기(20)의 냉기를 히트파이프(680)를 통해 전도냉각되어 상기 재응축챔버(600) 내부에서 액체네온의 재응축이 이루어질 수 있도록 하며, 상기 재응축열교환기(620)는 상기 회수파이프(640)의 상측에 위치된다. That is, the re-condensation heat exchanger 620 conducts cooling of the cold air from the liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger 20 through the heat pipe 680 to enable re-condensation of liquid neon inside the re-condensation chamber 600. And the recondensation heat exchanger 620 is located above the recovery pipe 640.
상기와 같은 구조를 통해 상기 액체네온은 도 2a와 같이 상기 계자코일 내통(210) 내부에서 기화되어 네온가스유로(660)를 통해 네온가스(GNe)가 재응축챔버(600)로 유입된 이후 재응축 열교환기(620)에 의해 응축된다. 그리고, 재응축된 액체네온(LNe)은 자유낙하하여 도 2b와 같이 상기 회수파이프(640)의 단부에 형성된 거터(642)를 통해 포집된 이후 상기 계자코일 내통(210)으로 다시 회수된다. Through the structure described above, the liquid neon is vaporized inside the field coil inner tube 210 as shown in FIG. 2a, and after neon gas (GNe) flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the neon gas flow path 660, it is re-condensed. It is condensed by the condensation heat exchanger (620). Then, the re-condensed liquid neon (LNe) freely falls and is collected through the gutter 642 formed at the end of the recovery pipe 640, as shown in FIG. 2b, and then recovered back into the field coil inner tube 210.
그리고, 상기 재응축챔버(600)와 연결되는 회수용파이프(640)의 외측에는 자성유체실(180)이 더 마련되어 회전시에도 진공상태가 안정적으로 유지될 수 있다.In addition, a magnetic fluid chamber 180 is further provided outside the recovery pipe 640 connected to the recondensation chamber 600, so that the vacuum state can be stably maintained even during rotation.
한편, 상기 하우징(110)의 내부에는 상기와 같이 냉각되는 초전도 계자코일(220)의 외측으로 고온초전도 선재로 형성되는 전기자 코일(420)이 구비된다.Meanwhile, inside the housing 110, an armature coil 420 formed of a high-temperature superconducting wire is provided outside the superconducting field coil 220, which is cooled as described above.
상기 전기자 코일(420)에는 교류전류가 인가됨에 따라 상기 고온초전도 선재는 MgB2 또는 Bi-2122 선재가 적용될 수 있다. As alternating current is applied to the armature coil 420, MgB 2 or Bi-2122 wire may be used as the high-temperature superconducting wire.
도 3 은 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 다른 실시 예를 보인 도면으로 상기 전기자 코일(420)은 전기자코일 냉각조(460) 내부에서 액체수소에 의해 냉각되고, 전기자 코일(420)을 냉각시킨 액체수소는 상기 액체수소탱크(10)를 통해 수소가스를 공급받는 연료전지(30) 및 상기 액체수소탱크(10)와 연통될 수 있다. Figure 3 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the high-temperature superconducting rotor according to the present invention. The armature coil 420 is cooled by liquid hydrogen inside the armature coil cooling tank 460, and the liquid cooling the armature coil 420 is used. Hydrogen may be communicated with the liquid hydrogen tank 10 and the fuel cell 30 that receives hydrogen gas through the liquid hydrogen tank 10.
즉, 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기(100)는 상기 초전도 계자코일(220)은 전술한 바와 같은 구조로 액체네온에 의해 초전도화되고, 상기 전기자 코일(420)은 액체수소탱크(10)에 의해 초전도화되는 구조로 형성될 수 있다.That is, in the high-temperature superconducting rotor 100 according to the present invention, the superconducting field coil 220 is superconducted by liquid neon in the structure described above, and the armature coil 420 is superconducted by the liquid hydrogen tank 10. It can be formed into a superconducting structure.
상세히, 상기 전기자 코일(420)은 주입된 액체수소에 의한 냉각작용으로 초전도화되며, 초전도 계자코일(220)에 의해 형성되는 자장에 대하여 전류가 유도되어 교류발전이 이루어진다. In detail, the armature coil 420 becomes superconducting due to the cooling effect of the injected liquid hydrogen, and current is induced in the magnetic field formed by the superconducting field coil 220 to generate alternating current.
그리고, 상기 전기자 코일(420)의 일측에는 상기 전기자 코일(420)을 지지하기 위한 비자성 전기자 지지부(480)가 구비되며, 이들을 수용하는 전기자코일 냉각조(460)의 외측에는 기계쉴드(440)가 하우징(110)과 전기자코일 냉각조(460) 사이에 더 구비될 수 있다. In addition, a non-magnetic armature support portion 480 is provided on one side of the armature coil 420 to support the armature coil 420, and a mechanical shield 440 is provided outside the armature coil cooling tank 460 that accommodates them. It may be further provided between the housing 110 and the armature coil cooling tank 460.
또한, 상기 전기자 코일(420)의 일측에는 기화용히터(490)가 더 구비되어 액체수소를 기화시켜 연료전지로 공급될 수 있으며, 상기 재응축 열교환기(620)의 일측에는 과냉각 방지를 위한 응고방지히터(690)가 더 구비될 수 있다. In addition, a vaporization heater 490 is further provided on one side of the armature coil 420 to vaporize liquid hydrogen and supply it to the fuel cell, and on one side of the recondensation heat exchanger 620, a vaporization heater 490 is provided to prevent supercooling. An prevention heater 690 may be further provided.
한편, 상기 전기자 코일(420)의 경우에도 전술한 실시 예와 같이 엑체네온을 이용한 냉각이 이루어질 수 있다. Meanwhile, in the case of the armature coil 420, cooling using exeneon can be performed as in the above-described embodiment.
도 4 는 본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기의 또 다른 실시 예를 보인 도면으로, 상기 재응축챔버(600)의 내부에는 상기 초전도 계자코일(220)과 대응되는 제1재응축 열교환기(622)와 상기 전기자 코일(420)가 대응되는 제2재응축 열교환기(624)가 마련되고, 상기 계자코일 내통(210) 및 전기자코일 냉각조(460) 내부에는 모두 액체네온이 수용된다. Figure 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of a high-temperature superconducting rotary machine according to the present invention. Inside the recondensation chamber 600, there is a first recondensation heat exchanger 622 corresponding to the superconducting field coil 220, and A second recondensation heat exchanger 624 corresponding to the armature coil 420 is provided, and liquid neon is accommodated inside the field coil inner tube 210 and the armature coil cooling tank 460.
그리고, 상기 액체네온탱크(10)에도 2개의 액체수소탱크 열교환기(20)가 구비되어 상기 제1재응축 열교환기(622) 및 제2재응축 열교환기(624)가 각각 히트파이프(680)로 연결된다. In addition, the liquid neon tank 10 is also provided with two liquid hydrogen tank heat exchangers 20, and the first recondensation heat exchanger 622 and the second recondensation heat exchanger 624 each have a heat pipe 680. It is connected to
따라서, 상기 초전도 계자코일(220)을 냉각시키면서 기화된 네온가스는 제1네온가스유로(622)를 통해 재응축챔버(600)내부로 유입되어 상기 제1재응축 열교환기(622)에 의해 재응축된 이후 제1회수파이프(642)를 통해 상기 계자코일 내통(210)으로 포집된다. Therefore, the neon gas vaporized while cooling the superconducting field coil 220 flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the first neon gas passage 622 and is re-condensed by the first re-condensation heat exchanger 622. After condensation, it is collected into the field coil inner tube 210 through the first recovery pipe 642.
그리고, 상기 전기자코일(420)을 냉각시키면서 기화된 네온가스는 제2네온가스유로(624)를 통해 재응축챔버(600) 내부로 유입된 이후 상기 제2재응축 열교환기(624)에 의해 재응축된 이후 제2회수파이프(644)를 통해 상기 전기자코일 냉각조(460)로 포집된다.In addition, the neon gas vaporized while cooling the armature coil 420 flows into the re-condensation chamber 600 through the second neon gas passage 624 and is then re-condensed by the second re-condensation heat exchanger 624. After condensation, it is collected into the armature coil cooling tank 460 through the second recovery pipe 644.
상기와 같이 구성되는 고온초전도 회전기(100)에 의하면, 별도의 극저온 냉동기 없이 상대적으로 끓는점이 높은 액체네온으로 초전도 계자코일(220)을 냉각하고, 상기 액체네온은 연료전지에 수소가스를 공급하기 위한 액체수소탱크(10)와 히트파이프(680)를 이용한 액체수소와의 열교환을 통해 냉각 및 재응축이 이루어질 수 있다. According to the high-temperature superconducting rotator 100 configured as described above, the superconducting field coil 220 is cooled with liquid neon with a relatively high boiling point without a separate cryogenic refrigerator, and the liquid neon is used to supply hydrogen gas to the fuel cell. Cooling and re-condensation can be achieved through heat exchange with liquid hydrogen using the liquid hydrogen tank 10 and the heat pipe 680.
그리고, 상기와 같이 냉각되는 초전도 계자코일(220)은 상기 연료전지에 의해 전원을 공급받아 여자될 수 있으며, 이로 인해 생성되는 강자장에 의해 회전력이 상기 전기자 코일(420)로 전달되어 전류를 발생시키거나, 역으로 상기 전기자 코일(420)에 전류를 인가하여 회전력을 발생시킬 수 있다. In addition, the superconducting field coil 220 cooled as described above can be excited by receiving power from the fuel cell, and the rotational force is transmitted to the armature coil 420 by the strong magnetic field generated thereby, generating current. Or, conversely, a rotational force can be generated by applying current to the armature coil 420.
이상에서 설명한 것은 연료전지를 이용한 시스템에서 액체수소탱크와 연계하여 액체네온을 이용한 초전도 코일 냉각이 이루어지는 고온초전도 회전기를 실시하기 위한 실시예에 불과한 것으로서, 본 발명은 상기한 실시예에 한정되지 않고, 이하 특허청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양하게 변경하여 실시가능한 범위까지 본 발명의 기술적 정신이 있다고 할 것이다.What has been described above is only an embodiment for implementing a high-temperature superconducting rotor in which superconducting coil cooling using liquid neon is performed in conjunction with a liquid hydrogen tank in a system using a fuel cell. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, It will be said that the technical spirit of the present invention exists to the extent that anyone with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can implement it with various modifications without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the following patent claims.
본 발명에 따른 고온초전도 회전기는 액체수소보다 안정성이 높은 액체네온을 이용하여 회전형 계자코일을 냉각하고, 회전형 계자코일을 냉각시킨 액체네온은 액체수소의 냉기를 이용하여 냉각이 이루어지도록 구성된다. The high-temperature superconducting rotator according to the present invention cools the rotating field coil using liquid neon, which is more stable than liquid hydrogen, and the liquid neon cooled by the rotating field coil is configured to be cooled using the cold air of liquid hydrogen. .
그리고, 상기 액체수소는 연료전지를 이용하는 시스템에서 연료전지에 수소가스를 공급하기 위한 액체수소탱크를 통해 제공될 수 있도록 함으로써 별도의 냉동기 없이 연료전지를 활용하는 시스템에 용이하게 적용될 수 있다. In addition, the liquid hydrogen can be easily applied to a system using a fuel cell without a separate refrigerator by being provided through a liquid hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell in a system using a fuel cell.
최근 수소에너지를 이용한 발전시스템인 연료전지(Fuel Cell)가 대체 발전기술로 주목되며 활발한 연구 개발이 이루어지고 있는 시점에 연료전지와 연계하여 적용될 수 있는 고온초전도 회전기는 체적과 중량을 줄이면서 안정적인 운용을 통해 기기의 효율을 향상시킬 수 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 다양한 제품분야에 응용될 수 있다. Recently, fuel cells, a power generation system using hydrogen energy, have been attracting attention as an alternative power generation technology and active research and development are being conducted. High-temperature superconducting rotors that can be applied in conjunction with fuel cells can provide stable operation while reducing volume and weight. Through this, the efficiency of the device can be improved, and based on this, it can be applied to various product fields.
또한, 세계 초전도 시장 규모가 2050년 1130억 달러를 초과할 것으로 추정되는 가운데 초전도 기술 육성을 위한 국가별 정책동향에 힘입어 초전도 시장 규모 및 적용 범위는 더욱 확대될 것으로 전망되고 있으므로, 본 발명의 산업상 이용가능성은 보다 높아질 것으로 예상된다. In addition, while the global superconductivity market size is estimated to exceed $113 billion in 2050, the superconductivity market size and application scope are expected to further expand due to national policy trends to foster superconductivity technology, so the industry of the present invention The availability of awards is expected to increase further.

Claims (4)

  1. 수소가스를 이용하여 전기를 생성하기 위한 연료전지와 상기 연료전지로 수소가스를 공급하기 위한 액체수소탱크;A fuel cell for generating electricity using hydrogen gas and a liquid hydrogen tank for supplying hydrogen gas to the fuel cell;
    내부에 상기 액체수소보다 끓는점이 높은 불활성 냉매가 수용되는 계자코일 내통;A field coil inner cylinder containing an inert refrigerant with a higher boiling point than the liquid hydrogen therein;
    회전축을 중심으로 회전하며, 상기 계자코일 내통의 외측에 구비되는 초전도 계자코일;과 이의 지지를 위한 계자코일 지지부;A superconducting field coil that rotates around a rotation axis and is provided on the outside of the inner tube of the field coil; and a field coil support part for supporting the same;
    상기 초전도 계자코일과 계자코일 지지부 및 계자코일 내통을 내부에 수용하는 계자코일 외통; a field coil outer cylinder accommodating the superconducting field coil, a field coil support portion, and a field coil inner cylinder therein;
    상기 초전도 계자코일에 의해 여자되며, 고온초전도 선재로 형성되는 전기자 코일;an armature coil excited by the superconducting field coil and formed of a high-temperature superconducting wire;
    상기 전기자 코일과 이의 지지를 위한 비자성 전기자 지지부를 내부에 수용하며, 상기 불활성 냉매가 수용되어 전기자 코일을 냉각시키는 전기자코일 냉각조;an armature coil cooling tank accommodating the armature coil and a non-magnetic armature support part for supporting the armature coil therein, and containing the inert refrigerant to cool the armature coil;
    상기 계자코일 외통과 계자코일 내통 사이에 구비되어 회전하며, 상기 초전도 계자코일에 작용하는 상기 전기자 코일의 반력작용을 지지하기 위한 중공형 토크튜브; 및a hollow torque tube provided between the outer field coil and the inner field coil and rotating to support the reaction force of the armature coil acting on the superconducting field coil; and
    상기 중공형 토크튜브 내부를 관통하여 상기 계자코일 내통과 연통되며, 상기 액체수소탱크에 구비되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기와 히트파이프로 연결되어 전도냉각이 이루어지는 재응축 열교환기와 이를 내부에 수용하는 재응축챔버;를 포함하며,A recondensation heat exchanger that penetrates the inside of the hollow torque tube and communicates with the inner tube of the field coil, and is connected to a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger provided in the liquid hydrogen tank through a heat pipe to achieve conduction cooling, and a recondensation chamber that accommodates the same. Contains ;,
    상기 재응축 열교환기의 하측에는 상기 계자코일 내통에서 증발되는 불활성 가스를 상기 재응축챔버로 안내하는 가스유로와, 상기 재응축챔버 내부에서 상기 재응축 열교환기에 의해 재응축된 불활성 냉매를 포집하여 상기 계자코일 내통으로 이송될 수 있도록 하는 회수파이프가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고온초전도 회전기. On the lower side of the recondensation heat exchanger, there is a gas flow path that guides the inert gas evaporated from the inner tube of the field coil to the recondensation chamber, and collects the inert refrigerant recondensed by the recondensation heat exchanger inside the recondensation chamber. A high-temperature superconducting rotator, characterized in that it is further provided with a recovery pipe that allows it to be transferred to the inner tube of the field coil.
  2. 제1 항에 있어서, According to claim 1,
    상기 불활성 냉매는 상기 액체수소보다 끓는점이 높은 액체네온인 것을 특징으로 하는 고온초전도 회전기 A high-temperature superconducting rotor, characterized in that the inert refrigerant is liquid neon, which has a higher boiling point than the liquid hydrogen.
  3. 제1 항에 있어서, According to claim 1,
    상기 재응축 열교환기 일측에는 과냉각 방지를 위한 응고방지히터가 더 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고온초전도 회전기A high-temperature superconducting rotator, characterized in that one side of the recondensation heat exchanger is further equipped with an anti-coagulation heater to prevent supercooling.
  4. 제1 항에 있어서, 상기 재응축 열교환기는,The method of claim 1, wherein the recondensation heat exchanger,
    상기 초전도 계자코일과 대응되는 제1재응축 열교환기와,A first recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the superconducting field coil,
    상기 전기자 코일과 대응되는 제2재응축 열교환기로 구분되며,It is divided into a second recondensation heat exchanger corresponding to the armature coil,
    상기 액체수소탱크(10)에는 상기 제1재응축 열교환기 및 제2재응축 열교환기와 각각 대응되는 액체수소탱크 열교환기가 구비되는 것을 특징으로 하는 고온초전도 회전기. A high-temperature superconducting rotator, characterized in that the liquid hydrogen tank (10) is provided with a liquid hydrogen tank heat exchanger corresponding to the first recondensation heat exchanger and the second recondensation heat exchanger, respectively.
PCT/KR2022/017762 2022-11-09 2022-11-11 High-temperature superconductive rotary machine WO2024101486A1 (en)

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KR20050101594A (en) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-25 한국전기연구원 Superconducting motor coupled with fuel cell
US20100001596A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2010-01-07 Robert Adolf Ackermann System and method for cooling a superconducting rotary machine
KR101091180B1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-09 한국전기연구원 Cooling structure of fully superconducting rotating machine
US20140265657A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Electric machine with liquid cooling and method of assembling
KR102371280B1 (en) * 2021-08-30 2022-03-04 제주대학교 산학협력단 High-temperature superconducting rotating machine equipped with fixed-type rotor cryostat for cryogen and stator cooling structure using of vaporized cryogen from rotor

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20050101594A (en) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-25 한국전기연구원 Superconducting motor coupled with fuel cell
US20100001596A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2010-01-07 Robert Adolf Ackermann System and method for cooling a superconducting rotary machine
KR101091180B1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-09 한국전기연구원 Cooling structure of fully superconducting rotating machine
US20140265657A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-09-18 Regal Beloit America, Inc. Electric machine with liquid cooling and method of assembling
KR102371280B1 (en) * 2021-08-30 2022-03-04 제주대학교 산학협력단 High-temperature superconducting rotating machine equipped with fixed-type rotor cryostat for cryogen and stator cooling structure using of vaporized cryogen from rotor

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