WO2024099115A1 - 地震地质导向剖面的建立方法及装置 - Google Patents
地震地质导向剖面的建立方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024099115A1 WO2024099115A1 PCT/CN2023/127397 CN2023127397W WO2024099115A1 WO 2024099115 A1 WO2024099115 A1 WO 2024099115A1 CN 2023127397 W CN2023127397 W CN 2023127397W WO 2024099115 A1 WO2024099115 A1 WO 2024099115A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/301—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures
- G01V1/302—Analysis for determining seismic cross-sections or geostructures in 3D data cubes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration technology, and in particular to a method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile, a device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile, and a machine-readable storage medium.
- the purpose of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method and device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile.
- the method and device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile are used to solve the above-mentioned problem that when extracting a seismic profile in a three-dimensional depth domain seismic body along a real drilling plane trajectory, due to the change in the azimuth angle of the wellbore trajectory, certain errors may be caused by projection, and the formation apparent inclination cannot be accurately obtained, and the drill bit cannot be accurately guided.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile, comprising:
- the positions and the number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points;
- a target curve is obtained, and the intersection of the target curve and the survey line of the seismic grid is determined;
- adjusting the positions and the number of the plane coordinate points based on the preset seismic grid spacing to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate points includes:
- the positions and number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points.
- adjusting the positions and number of the plane coordinate points based on the relationship between the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points and the preset seismic grid spacing to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate points includes:
- the positions and the number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted based on the second preset rule to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points.
- adjusting the position of the plane coordinate point based on the first preset rule to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate point includes:
- a target coordinate point whose distance from the initial coordinate point is a preset seismic grid distance is determined between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, and the target coordinate point is used as the adjusted plane coordinate point.
- adjusting the position of the plane coordinate point based on the second preset rule to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate point includes:
- a target coordinate point is determined on an extension line between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, the distance between the target coordinate point and the initial coordinate point being a preset seismic grid distance, all plane coordinate points between the target coordinate point and the initial coordinate point are discarded, and the target coordinate point is determined as the adjusted plane coordinate point.
- determining a target seismic trace in the seismic grid based on the intersection point includes:
- the seismic trace closest to the intersection point is determined as the target seismic trace.
- obtaining a seismic geosteering profile based on the target seismic trace includes:
- the seismic trace attribute parameter is any one of an amplitude peak, an amplitude trough and a zero crossing point.
- the calculating of the apparent dip angle of the formation along the drilling trajectory based on the seismic trace attribute parameters between adjacent target seismic traces includes:
- the formation apparent dip angle is calculated using the following formula:
- A is the apparent dip of the formation
- H is the height difference between the amplitude peaks or amplitude troughs or zero-crossing points of adjacent target seismic traces
- L is the distance between adjacent target seismic traces.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile, comprising:
- An acquisition module is used to sequentially acquire the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well according to the drilling trajectory;
- An adjustment module used for adjusting the plane coordinate points based on a preset seismic grid spacing to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points
- a first determination module is used to obtain a target curve based on the adjusted plane coordinate points and the preset drilling target points, and determine the intersection of the target curve and the survey line of the seismic grid;
- a second determination module configured to determine a target seismic trace in the seismic grid based on the intersection point
- the third determination module is used to obtain a seismic geological steering profile based on the target seismic trace.
- the present invention provides a machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions being used to enable a machine to execute the method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile described above in the present application.
- This technical solution adjusts the number and position of the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well after obtaining them, which can reduce the amount of calculation and calculation time; in addition, it strictly follows the changes in the azimuth of the drilling well trajectory and accurately obtains seismic data, which can quickly and accurately obtain the apparent dip angle of the formation, guide horizontal drilling, and improve the drilling rate.
- FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for establishing a seismic geosteering profile provided by the present invention
- FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional spatial horizontal well trajectory guidance cross-sectional projection provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane position of the trajectory of the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well provided by the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the plane position of the vertical section and the deflection section trajectory of the horizontal well provided by the present invention after being adjusted according to the preset seismic grid spacing;
- FIG5 is a trajectory coordinate diagram after adding a preset drilling target point in FIG3 provided by the present invention.
- FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the location of seismic data obtained along a straight line segment of a drilling trajectory provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional depth domain seismic profile obtained along a drilling trajectory provided by the present invention.
- FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a seismic geosteering profile obtained based on the apparent dip angle of the formation provided by the present invention.
- FIG9 is a three-dimensional display diagram of the seismic geosteering profile provided by the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile provided by the present invention.
- the embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, electronic device and computer-readable storage medium for estimating the useful life of an old well to be re-injected.
- the device can be integrated into a computer device, and the electronic device can be a terminal, a server, etc.
- the terminal can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a smart Bluetooth device, a laptop, or a personal computer (PC), etc.
- the server can be a single server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers.
- the device may also be integrated into multiple electronic devices.
- the device may be integrated into multiple servers, and the method of the present application may be implemented by multiple servers.
- the server may also be implemented in the form of a terminal.
- Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile provided by the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the conventional spatial horizontal well trajectory steering profile provided by the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane position of the trajectory of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well provided by the present invention
- Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the plane position of the trajectory of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well provided by the present invention after adjustment according to the preset seismic grid spacing
- Fig. 5 is a trajectory coordinate diagram after adding a preset drilling target point in Fig. 3 provided by the present invention
- Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile provided by the present invention
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the projection of the conventional spatial horizontal well trajectory steering profile provided by the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the plane position of the trajectory of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well provided
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the position of seismic data obtained along the straight line segment of the drilling trajectory provided by the present invention
- Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional depth domain seismic profile obtained along the drilling trajectory provided by the present invention
- Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the seismic geological steering profile obtained based on the apparent dip angle of the formation provided by the present invention
- Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional display diagram of the seismic geological steering profile provided by the present invention
- Fig. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of the device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile provided by the present invention.
- this embodiment provides a method for establishing a seismic geosteering profile, comprising:
- Step 101 sequentially obtaining the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well according to the drilling trajectory;
- Step 102 Based on the preset seismic grid spacing, the positions and the number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points;
- Step 103 obtaining a target curve based on the adjusted plane coordinate points and the preset target points of the drilling, and determining the intersection of the target curve and the survey line of the seismic grid;
- Step 104 determining a target seismic trace in the seismic grid based on the intersection point
- Step 105 Obtain a seismic geological steering profile based on the target seismic trace.
- preset drilling target points are determined in the formation according to the detection results.
- the number of preset drilling target points is determined according to the actual drilling situation.
- drilling is carried out in sequence toward the preset drilling target points to form the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well.
- a ground coordinate system is constructed based on the position of the horizontal well, and the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well in the ground coordinate system are obtained.
- the coordinate axes of the ground coordinate system point to the southeast, northwest, and northeast directions respectively, so as to accurately determine the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well in the plane coordinate system.
- the position of the punctuation mark, the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well in the ground coordinate system can be understood as the point position in the projection of the horizontal well in the ground coordinate system, as shown in Figure 2.
- the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well in three-dimensional space are projected in the ground coordinate system according to the set spacing, and the plane coordinate points are obtained in the ground coordinate system, as shown in Figure 3.
- the plane coordinate points of some positions are too dense or too sparse.
- the spacing between the plane coordinate points is less than the preset seismic grid spacing, according to Extracting seismic trace data from this coordinate point will not only cause repeated routing, but also increase the amount of calculation and computing time. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the position and number of the plane coordinate points based on the preset seismic grid spacing to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate points, and the spacing between the adjusted plane coordinate points is relatively uniform, as shown in Figure 4; if the plane coordinate points are too sparse, the spacing between the plane coordinate points is greater than the preset seismic grid spacing, extracting seismic trace data according to this coordinate point will cause incomplete routing, resulting in missing seismic trace data.
- the target curve can be obtained, as shown in Figure 5, and the intersection between the target curve and the survey line of the seismic grid is clearer; then based on the determined intersection, the target seismic trace is determined in the seismic grid; based on the target seismic trace, the seismic geological guidance profile is obtained.
- the above scheme can reduce and ensure a more uniform distribution of the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the inclined section of the horizontal well, thereby reducing the amount of data during calculation.
- the target seismic trace is determined in the seismic grid through the obtained intersection, thereby obtaining a seismic geological steering profile, accurately guiding the horizontal drilling, and improving the drilling rate.
- the position and number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted based on the preset seismic grid spacing to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate points, including:
- the positions and number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points.
- the preset seismic grid spacing can be obtained by analyzing the actual seismic data, so as to select the optimal seismic grid spacing as the optimal preset seismic grid spacing.
- the position and number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted based on the size relationship between the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points and the preset seismic grid spacing to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate points, including:
- the positions and the number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted based on the second preset rule to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points.
- the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is equal to the preset seismic grid spacing
- the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is greater than the preset seismic grid spacing
- the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is greater than the preset seismic grid spacing. Less than the preset seismic grid spacing.
- the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is equal to the preset seismic grid spacing, no adjustment is made in this case, and the two adjacent plane coordinate points are confirmed as adjusted plane coordinate points, and subsequent judgments are continued; if the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is greater than the preset seismic grid spacing, it means that the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is too sparse, and the seismic trace data determined between adjacent plane coordinate points is correspondingly reduced, which will reduce the accuracy of the data.
- the position and number of plane coordinate points are adjusted by the first preset rule, so that the plane coordinate points are distributed more evenly; if the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is less than the preset seismic grid spacing, it means that the spacing between adjacent plane coordinate points is too dense, and the seismic trace data determined between adjacent plane coordinate points is correspondingly too much, resulting in repeated paths, which invisibly increases the amount of calculation and is of no help to the accuracy of the dismissal. Therefore, in this embodiment, the position and number of plane coordinate points are adjusted by the second preset rule, so that the plane coordinate points are distributed more evenly.
- the adjusting the position of the plane coordinate point based on the first preset rule to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate point includes:
- a target coordinate point whose distance from the initial coordinate point is a preset seismic grid distance is determined between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, and the target coordinate point is used as the adjusted plane coordinate point.
- the plane coordinate point with a smaller order among the adjacent plane coordinate points is determined as the initial coordinate point, and a target coordinate point whose spacing with the initial coordinate point is the preset seismic grid spacing is determined between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, and the target coordinate point is used as the adjusted plane coordinate point. Since the plane coordinate points have been sorted according to the drilling trajectory, the adjusted plane coordinate point is compared with the next adjacent plane coordinate point. If the spacing between the adjusted plane coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point is still greater than the preset seismic grid spacing, the above method (first preset rule) is adopted to continue to adjust. If the spacing between the adjusted plane coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point is still less than the preset seismic grid spacing, the second preset rule is adopted to adjust so that the plane coordinate points are distributed more evenly until all coordinate points are adjusted.
- the adjacent next plane coordinate point is directly determined as the new target coordinate point, and the target coordinate point is used as the adjusted plane coordinate point.
- the adjusting the position of the plane coordinate point based on the second preset rule to obtain the adjusted plane coordinate point includes:
- a target coordinate point is determined on an extension line between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, the distance between the target coordinate point and the initial coordinate point being a preset seismic grid distance, all plane coordinate points between the target coordinate point and the initial coordinate point are discarded, and the target coordinate point is determined as the adjusted plane coordinate point.
- the plane coordinate point with a smaller order among the adjacent plane coordinate points is also determined as the initial coordinate point, and a target coordinate point whose spacing from the initial coordinate point is the preset seismic grid spacing is determined on the extension line between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point, all plane coordinate points between the target coordinate point and the initial coordinate point are discarded, and the target coordinate point is determined as the adjusted plane coordinate point. Since the plane coordinate points have been sorted according to the drilling trajectory, the adjusted plane coordinate point is compared with the next adjacent plane coordinate point.
- the above-mentioned first preset rule is adopted to continue the adjustment. If the spacing between the adjusted plane coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point is still less than the preset seismic grid spacing, the second preset rule is adopted to adjust so that the plane coordinate points are distributed more evenly until all coordinate points are adjusted.
- the direction of the extension line between the initial coordinate point and the next adjacent plane coordinate point can be determined according to the position of the plane coordinate point.
- determining a target seismic trace in the seismic grid based on the intersection point includes:
- the seismic trace closest to the intersection point is determined as the target seismic trace.
- the position and number of the plane coordinate points are adjusted. After the adjusted plane coordinate points are obtained, in order to guide drilling, drilling is carried out along the current drilling trajectory toward the preset drilling target point, and a target curve can be obtained.
- the target curve is a complete arbitrary line along the well profile, which has an intersection with the seismic grid. Therefore, for each intersection, the seismic trace closest to the intersection can be obtained as the target seismic trace, which is used to form the seismic profile later.
- obtaining a seismic geological steering profile based on the target seismic trace includes:
- the seismic trace attribute parameter is any one of an amplitude peak, an amplitude trough and a zero crossing point.
- a seismic profile is constructed based on the target seismic traces (constructing seismic profiles is a prior art and will not be described in detail here), and the seismic trace attribute parameters of each target seismic trace can be determined in the seismic profile; then, based on the seismic trace attribute parameters between adjacent target seismic traces, the apparent dip of the formation along the drilling trajectory is calculated; based on the calculated multiple apparent dips of the formation, a seismic geological guidance profile is obtained.
- the seismic trace attribute parameter is any one of an amplitude peak, an amplitude trough, and a zero-crossing point.
- the calculation of the apparent dip angle of the formation along the drilling trajectory based on the seismic trace attribute parameters between adjacent target seismic traces includes:
- the formation apparent dip angle is calculated using the following formula:
- A is the apparent dip of the formation
- H is the height difference between the amplitude peaks or amplitude troughs or zero-crossing points of adjacent target seismic traces
- L is the distance between adjacent target seismic traces.
- the apparent dip angle of the formation along the drilling trajectory can be calculated based on the seismic trace attribute parameters between adjacent target seismic traces, thereby obtaining the seismic geological steering profile.
- H is the height difference between the amplitude peaks of adjacent target seismic traces
- H is the height difference between the amplitude troughs of adjacent target seismic traces
- H is the height difference between the zero crossing points of adjacent target seismic traces
- this embodiment further provides a device for establishing a seismic geological steering profile, comprising:
- An acquisition module 10 is used to sequentially acquire the plane coordinate points of the vertical section and the deflection section of the horizontal well according to the drilling trajectory;
- An adjustment module 20 configured to adjust the plane coordinate points based on a preset seismic grid spacing to obtain adjusted plane coordinate points
- a first determination module 30 is used to obtain a target curve based on the adjusted plane coordinate points and the preset drilling target points, and determine the intersection of the target curve and the survey line of the seismic grid;
- a second determination module 40 configured to determine a target seismic trace in the seismic grid based on the intersection point
- the third determination module 50 is used to obtain a seismic geological steering profile based on the target seismic trace.
- This embodiment also provides a machine-readable storage medium, on which instructions are stored, and the instructions are used to enable a machine to execute the above-mentioned method for establishing a seismic geological steering profile.
- the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program codes.
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Abstract
一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法，包括：按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点（101）；基于预设地震网格间距，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点（102）；基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点（103）；基于交点，在地震网格中确定目标地震道（104）；基于目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面（105）。还提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立装置。具有降低计算量和计算时间，能快速准确得到地层视倾角以指导水平钻井钻进，提高钻遇率的优点。
Description
本发明涉及地球物理勘探技术领域，具体地涉及一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法、一种地震地质导向剖面的建立装置及一种机器可读存储介质。
随着三维地震勘探技术的不断进步和三维地震资料在油田勘探开发领域应用的不断深入，地震数据的重要性日益提高。在油田实施水平井钻进阶段，用地震数据的宏观趋势预测钻头前方地层倾角成为一种引导钻进的手段。当沿实钻井平面轨迹在三维深度域地震体中抽取地震剖面时，由于井眼轨迹方位角存在变化，可能因投影造成一定的误差，无法精准的获得地层视倾角，无法对钻头进行精准引导。
发明内容
本发明实施例的目的是提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法及装置，该地震地质导向剖面的建立方法及装置用以解决上述的沿实钻井平面轨迹在三维深度域地震体中抽取地震剖面时，由于井眼轨迹方位角存在变化，可能因投影造成一定的误差，无法精准的获得地层视倾角，无法对钻头进行精准引导的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法，包括：
按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；
基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；
基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；
基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
可选的，所述基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
获取相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距；
基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与所述预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
可选的，所述基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距小于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
可选的，所述基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；
在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，将该目标坐标点作为调整后的平面坐标点。
可选的，所述基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；
在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间的延长线上确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，舍弃该目标坐标点与所述初始坐标点之间的所有平面坐标点，并将该目标坐标点确定为所述调整后的平面坐标点。
可选的，所述基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道，包括：
对每一交点：
在所述地震网格中，将距离交点最近的地震道确定为所述目标地震道。
可选的，所述基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面，包括：
基于所述目标地震道，构建地震剖面图；
确定地震剖面图中每一目标地震道的地震道属性参数；
基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角；
基于所述地层视倾角，得到地震地质导向剖面。
可选的，所述地震道属性参数为振幅波峰、振幅波谷和过零点中的任一种。
可选的，所述基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角，包括：
采用以下计算公式计算得到地层视倾角：
其中，A为地层视倾角；H为相邻的目标地震道的振幅波峰或振幅波谷或过零点之间的高差；L为相邻的目标地震道之间的距离。
本发明实施例还提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立装置，包括：
获取模块，用于按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；
调整模块，用于基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
第一确定模块，用于基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；
第二确定模块，用于基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；
第三确定模块，用于基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
另一方面，本发明提供一种机器可读存储介质，该机器可读存储介质上存储有指令，该指令用于使得机器执行本申请上述的地震地质导向剖面的建立方法。
本技术方案在获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点后对平面坐标点的数量和位置进行调整，能够降低计算量和计算时间；另外严格遵循钻井井眼轨迹方位角的变化，准确获取地震道数据，能够快速、准确的得到地层视倾角，指导水平钻井钻进，提高钻遇率。
本发明实施例的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图是用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施例，但并不构成对本发明实施例的限制。在附图中：
附图是用来提供对本发明实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明实施例，但并不构成对本发明实施例的限制。在附图中：
图1是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面的建立方法的流程图；
图2是本发明提供的常规空间水平井轨迹导向剖面投影示意图；
图3是本发明提供的水平井垂直段及造斜段轨迹平面位置示意图；
图4是本发明提供的水平井垂直段及造斜段轨迹按预设地震网格间距调整后的平面位置示意图；
图5是本发明提供的图3中增加钻井预设靶点后的轨迹坐标图；
图6是本发明提供的沿钻井轨迹的直线段获取的地震数据的位置示意图；
图7是本发明提供的沿钻井轨迹获取的三维深度域地震剖面示意图；
图8是本发明提供的基于地层视倾角得到的地震地质导向剖面示意图；
图9是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面三维显示图；
图10是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面的建立装置的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1-获取模块； 2-调整模块； 3-第一确定模块；
4-第二确定模块； 5-第三确定模块。
1-获取模块； 2-调整模块； 3-第一确定模块；
4-第二确定模块； 5-第三确定模块。
以下结合附图对本发明实施例的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明实施例，并不用于限制本发明实施例。
本申请中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区分不同对象，而非用于描述特定顺序。同时，术语“包括”及其任何形式的变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。
本申请实施例提供一种待转注老井使用年限预估方法、装置、电子设备和计算机可读存储介质。
其中，该装置具体可以集成在计算机设备中，该电子设备可以为终端、服务器等设备。其中，终端可以为手机、平板电脑、智能蓝牙设备、笔记本电脑、或者个人电脑(Personal Computer，PC)等设备；服务器可以是单一服务器，也可以是由多个服务器组成的服务器集群。
在一些实施例中，该装置还可以集成在多个电子设备中，比如，所述装置可以集成在多个服务器中，由多个服务器来实现本申请的方法。
在一些实施例中，服务器也可以以终端的形式来实现。
以下分别进行详细说明。需说明的是，以下实施例的序号不作为对实施例优选顺序的限定。
图1是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面的建立方法的流程图；图2是本发明提供的常规空间水平井轨迹导向剖面投影示意图；图3是本发明提供的水平井垂直段及造斜段轨迹平面位置示意图；图4是本发明提供的水平井垂直段及造斜段轨迹按预设地震网格间距调整后的平面位置示意图；图5是本发明提供的图3中增加钻井预设靶点后的轨迹坐标图；图6是本发明提供的沿钻井轨迹的直线段获取的地震数据的位置示意图；图7是本发明提供的沿钻井轨迹获取的三维深度域地震剖面示意图；图8是本发明提供的基于地层视倾角得到的地震地质导向剖面示意图；图9是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面三维显示图；图10是本发明提供的地震地质导向剖面的建立装置的结构示意图。
如图1所示，本实施例提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法，包括：
步骤101、按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；
步骤102、基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
步骤103、基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；
步骤104、基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；
步骤105、基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
具体地，在进行地质钻井的过程中，首先根据探测的结果在地层中确定钻井预设靶点，钻井预设靶点的数量根据实际的钻井情况确定，在正式钻井时，基于确定的水平井井口位置依次向钻井预设靶点钻进，形成水平井的垂直段和造斜段，基于水平井的位置构建出地面坐标系，并得到水平井的垂直段和造斜段在地面坐标系中的平面坐标点，该地面坐标系的坐标轴分别指向东南西北方向，以准确确定出水平井的垂直段和造斜段在平面坐标点中的位置，水平井的垂直段和造斜段在地面坐标系中的平面坐标点可以理解为是水平井在地面坐标系中的投影中的点位，如图2所示，将三维空间的水平井的垂直段和造斜段按照设定间距投影在地面坐标系中，并在地面坐标系中得到平面坐标点，如图3所示，但是，由于水平井的垂直段和造斜段存在垂向上的间距差别，导致部分位置的平面坐标点过密或过疏，若平面坐标点过密，平面坐标点之间的间距小于预设地震网格间距，按
此坐标点提取地震道数据不仅造成取道重复，还会增加计算量和计算时间，因此需要基于预设地震网格间距对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，调整后的平面坐标点之间间距较为均匀，如图4所示；若平面坐标点过疏，平面坐标点之间的间距大于预设地震网格间距，按此坐标点提取地震道数据会造成取道不完整，导致地震道数据缺失，因此需要基于预设地震网格间距对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，调整后的平面坐标点之间间距较为均匀；依次连接调后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，能够得到目标曲线，如图5所示，并该目标曲线与地震网格的测线之间的交点更加清晰；再基于确定的所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。总体来说，通过上述方案能够减少并保证水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点更均匀的分布，从而减少计算时的数据量，同时能够保证基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到的目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点更加清晰和精准，再通过得到的交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道，从而得到地震地质导向剖面，准确指导水平钻井钻进，提高钻遇率。
进一步地，所述基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
获取相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距；
基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与所述预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
具体地，预设地震网格间距可根据实际的地震数据进行分析得到，从而选取最佳的地震网格间距作为最佳的预设地震网格间距，在对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整时，首先确定相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距，并将确定的预设地震网格间距与相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距进行比较判断，并根据比较情况进行位置和数量调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
进一步地，所述基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距小于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
具体地，比较预设地震网格间距与相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距，能够确定出三种情况，即：相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距相等、相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于预设地震网格间距、相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距
小于预设地震网格间距。其中，若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距相等，此情况下不进行调整，将相邻的两个平面坐标点确认为调整后的平面坐标点，继续进行后续的判断；若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于预设地震网格间距，则说明相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距过疏，相邻的平面坐标点之间确定的地震道数据相应减少，会降低数据的精度，因此，在本实施方式中，通过第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，使得平面坐标点分布更加均匀；若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距小于预设地震网格间距，则说明相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距过密，相邻的平面坐标点之间确定的地震道数据相应过多，造成重复取道，无形中增加了计算量且对解雇的精度度毫无帮助，因此，在本实施方式中，通过第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，使得平面坐标点分布更加均匀。
进一步地，所述基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；
在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，将该目标坐标点作为调整后的平面坐标点。
具体地，在本实施方式中，若判断出相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于预设地震网格间距，则将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点，并在初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间确定出与初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，将该目标坐标点作为调整后的平面坐标点。由于平面坐标点已按钻井轨迹进行排序，因此，再将该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点进行比较，若该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点之间的间距仍然大于预设地震网格间距，则采取上述的方法(第一预设规则)继续进行调整，若该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点之间的间距仍然小于预设地震网格间距，则采取第二预设规则进行调整，使得平面坐标点分布更加均匀，直至对所有坐标点进行调整。
其中，再将该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点进行比较后，若该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距相等，此情况下不进行调整，直接将相邻的下一平面坐标点确定为新的目标坐标点，并将该目标坐标点作为调整后的平面坐标点。
进一步地，所述基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：
将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；
在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间的延长线上确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，舍弃该目标坐标点与所述初始坐标点之间的所有平面坐标点，并将该目标坐标点确定为所述调整后的平面坐标点。
在本实施方式中，若判断出相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距小于预设地震网格间距，同样将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点，并在初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间的延长线上确定出与初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，舍弃该目标坐标点与所述初始坐标点之间的所有平面坐标点，并将该目标坐标点确定为调整后的平面坐标点。由于平面坐标点已按钻井轨迹进行排序，因此，再将该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点进行比较，若该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点之间的间距大于预设地震网格间距，则采取上述的第一预设规则继续进行调整，若该调整后的平面坐标点与相邻的下一平面坐标点之间的间距仍然小于预设地震网格间距，则采取第二预设规则进行调整，使得平面坐标点分布更加均匀，直至对所有坐标点进行调整。
另外，初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间的延长线的方向可根据平面坐标点的位置进行确定。
进一步地，所述基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道，包括：
对每一交点：
在所述地震网格中，将距离交点最近的地震道确定为所述目标地震道。
具体地，如图6所示，在基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点后，为了指导钻进，则沿当前的钻井轨迹朝着钻井预设靶点钻进，能够得到目标曲线，该目标曲线为完整的沿井剖面任意线，其与地震网格存在交点，因此，可以针对每一交点，获取距离交点最近的地震道为目标地震道，用于在后续形成地震剖面。
进一步地，所述基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面，包括：
基于所述目标地震道，构建地震剖面图；
确定地震剖面图中每一目标地震道的地震道属性参数；
基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角；
基于所述地层视倾角，得到地震地质导向剖面。
进一步地，所述地震道属性参数为振幅波峰、振幅波谷和过零点中的任一种。
具体地，如图7-9所示，在获取到目标地震道后，基于目标地震道构建地震剖面图(构建地震构面图为现有技术，此处不再赘述)，并能够在地震剖面图中确定出每一目标地震道的地震道属性参数；再基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角；基于计算得到的多个地层视倾角，便得到地震地质导向剖面。
其中，地震道属性参数为振幅波峰、振幅波谷和过零点中的任一种。
进一步地，所述基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角，包括：
采用以下计算公式计算得到地层视倾角：
其中，A为地层视倾角；H为相邻的目标地震道的振幅波峰或振幅波谷或过零点之间的高差；L为相邻的目标地震道之间的距离。
具体地，在获取地震道属性参数后，基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，便能够计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角，从而得到地震地质导向剖面。
其中，当地震道属性参数为振幅波峰时，H为相邻的目标地震道的振幅波峰之间的高差；当地震道属性参数为振幅波谷时，H为相邻的目标地震道的振幅波谷的高差；当地震道属性参数为过零点时，H为相邻的目标地震道的过零点之间的高差。
如图10所示，本实施方式还提供一种地震地质导向剖面的建立装置，包括：
获取模块10，用于按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；
调整模块20，用于基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；
第一确定模块30，用于基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；
第二确定模块40，用于基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；
第三确定模块50，用于基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
本实施方式还提供一种机器可读存储介质，该机器可读存储介质上存储有指令，该指令用于使得机器执行上述的地震地质导向剖面的建立方法。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明实施例的可选实施方式，但是，本发明实施例并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明实施例的技术构思范围内，可
以对本发明实施例的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明实施例的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明实施例对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
本领域技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，该程序存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得单片机、芯片或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
此外，本发明实施例的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本发明实施例的思想，其同样应当视为本发明实施例所公开的内容。
Claims (11)
- 一种地震地质导向剖面的建立方法，其特征在于，包括：按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：获取相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距；基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与所述预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距与预设地震网格间距的大小关系，对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距大于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；若相邻的平面坐标点之间的间距小于所述预设地震网格间距，则基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置和数量进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于第一预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，将该目标坐标点作为调整后的平面坐标点。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于第二预设规则对平面坐标点的位置进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点，包括：将相邻的平面坐标点中次序较小的平面坐标点确定为初始坐标点；在所述初始坐标点与下一相邻平面坐标点之间的延长线上确定出与所述初始坐标点间距为预设地震网格间距的目标坐标点，舍弃该目标坐标点与所述初始坐标点之间的所有平面坐标点，并将该目标坐标点确定为所述调整后的平面坐标点。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道，包括：对每一交点：在所述地震网格中，将距离交点最近的地震道确定为所述目标地震道。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面，包括：基于所述目标地震道，构建地震剖面图；确定地震剖面图中每一目标地震道的地震道属性参数；基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角；基于所述地层视倾角，得到地震地质导向剖面。
- 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述地震道属性参数为振幅波峰、振幅波谷和过零点中的任一种。
- 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于相邻的目标地震道之间的地震道属性参数，计算得到沿钻井轨迹的地层视倾角，包括：采用以下计算公式计算得到地层视倾角：
其中，A为地层视倾角；H为相邻的目标地震道的振幅波峰或振幅波谷或过零点之间的高差；L为相邻的目标地震道之间的距离。 - 一种地震地质导向剖面的建立装置，其特征在于，包括：获取模块，用于按钻井轨迹依次获取水平井垂直段和造斜段的平面坐标点；调整模块，用于基于预设地震网格间距，对所述平面坐标点进行调整，得到调整后的平面坐标点；第一确定模块，用于基于调整后的平面坐标点和钻井预设靶点，得到目标曲线，并确定所述目标曲线与地震网格的测线的交点；第二确定模块，用于基于所述交点，在所述地震网格中确定目标地震道；第三确定模块，用于基于所述目标地震道，得到地震地质导向剖面。
- 一种机器可读存储介质，该机器可读存储介质上存储有指令，该指令用于使得机器执行权利要求1-9中任一项所述的地震地质导向剖面的建立方法。
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