WO2024098605A1 - Method and apparatus for measuring sediment content in flowing water body - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and apparatus for measuring the sediment content in a flowing water body, an electronic device, a readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program. The method comprises: calculating sound pressure distribution generated by detection ultrasonic waves in a water body; obtaining sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated by the scattering of the detection ultrasonic waves by sediment particles in the water body; and according to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic waves, determining the spatial and temporal distribution of the sediment particles in the water body by means of simulation calculation so as to obtain a measurement result of the sediment content in the water body. According to the method, the sediment content in the water body can be accurately and efficiently measured, and the defects of existing sediment content measurement technology are overcome.

Description

A method and device for measuring sediment content in flowing water

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 2022114148136 filed in China on November 11, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of fluid measurement technology, and in particular to a method and device for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body, an electronic device, a readable storage medium, a computer program product, and a computer program.

Background technique

In various scientific studies on river measurement, the measurement of sediment content is a very basic issue. Sediment content is one of the important hydrological parameters. Monitoring of river sediment content is of great significance for the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, the development and utilization of water resources, soil erosion control, industrial and agricultural water use, hydrological forecasting, and the study of river and ocean sediment movement. Many different measurement techniques have been proposed to solve this problem. Commonly used sediment content measurement methods can be divided into direct measurement methods and indirect measurement methods. The direct measurement method mainly adopts direct sampling measurement methods, such as drying method and specific gravity method; the indirect measurement method mainly includes infrared method, capacitance method, ultrasonic method, isotope method, etc. Among them, the indirect measurement method has been widely used in the measurement of water flow sediment content because it overcomes the shortcomings of the direct measurement method, such as long measurement cycle, cumbersome detection process, high labor intensity, and inability to dynamically detect water flow. Among them, the ultrasonic method has attracted much attention in recent years due to its great advantage of not interfering with the measured water body.

The ultrasonic method measures the sediment content based on the reflection and attenuation characteristics of ultrasonic waves in sandy water. Specifically, the ultrasonic method uses the relationship between the energy attenuation of the transmitted and received ultrasonic waves and the sediment content to calculate the sediment content of the water body. However, the indirect measurement method using ultrasonic waves contains technical problems such as a narrow range of measuring sediment content, large measurement errors, and low information utilization of the instrument receiving signal. There is no perfect method to solve these problems.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and propose a method and device for measuring the sediment content in flowing water. The present invention can fully utilize all the information of the received ultrasonic signal to calculate the sediment content of the water body, and can accurately and efficiently measure the sediment content of the water body, making up for the shortcomings of the existing sediment content measurement technology.

The first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring the sediment content in a flowing water body, comprising:

Calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

Acquiring sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic waves are scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

According to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, the temporal and spatial distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is determined by simulation calculation to obtain the measurement result of the sediment content of the water body.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection ultrasonic wave is emitted toward the water body by a detection ultrasonic wave transmitter arranged in the water body within a set plurality of consecutive equal time intervals.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the calculating and detecting the sound pressure distribution generated by the ultrasonic wave in the water body includes:

Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation for detecting the propagation of ultrasonic waves in water:

Where c represents the propagation speed of ultrasound in water; λ(x, t) represents the background wave field sound pressure distribution at position x in the water at time t;

Δ is the Laplace operator, , x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ represent the three-dimensional coordinates of position x respectively; λ _m (t) represents the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the mth transmitter at time t; s _m is the position of the mth transmitter; δ represents the Dirac function, which is used to simulate the point source at position s _m ; T represents the duration of the measurement process, and M represents the number of transmitters; It means that at the initial time t = 0, the water The sound pressure distribution at any position is 0;

By solving equation (1), we can obtain the background wave field sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) at position x in the water body when the ultrasonic wave is detected at time t.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave generated by the scattering of the detection ultrasonic wave by the sediment particles in the water body is acquired by the detection ultrasonic wave receiver arranged in the water body within the multiple consecutive equal time intervals.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the determining the spatiotemporal distribution of silt particles in the water body by simulation calculation based on the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave to obtain the measurement result of the silt content of the water body includes:

1) Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation of the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water;

2) using the non-homogeneous wave equation of step 1), by iterating the approximate position of the sediment particles in each time interval, determining the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, and then obtaining the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid in each time interval;

3) Integrating the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid in each time interval to obtain the sediment content of the water body in each time interval, and averaging the sediment content in each time interval to obtain the sediment content of the water body in the time period consisting of all time intervals.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the construction of a non-homogeneous wave equation for the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water includes:

Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation of the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water:

Among them, U(x, t) represents the scattered ultrasonic sound pressure distribution at position x in the water body at time t; Δ is the Laplace operator, ; f _t (x) represents the density distribution of sediment particles at position x in the water body at time t;

For each time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], equation (2) is simplified to the following equation as shown in equation (3):

in, is the distribution density of sediment particles at position x in the water body in the time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ]. Based on the existence of sediment particles at position x in the time interval, otherwise

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, obtaining the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid at each time interval includes:

2-1) Taking any time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ] as the current time interval, determining the initial value of the approximate position of the sediment particle in the current time interval and taking it as the current approximate position of the sediment particle;

2-2) In the current time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], determine according to the current approximate position of the sediment particle The value of is combined with the sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body, and the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval is obtained by solving U(x, t) using formula (3);

2-3) performing reverse time propagation on the difference between the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave to obtain the intensity correction value of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval at the current approximate position of the sediment particle;

2-4) Determine the strength correction value:

Based on the fact that the intensity correction value is less than the set threshold, the current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the actual position of the sediment particle in the current time interval, and then proceeding to step 2-6);

Based on the strength correction value being greater than or equal to the set threshold, proceed to step 2-5);

2-5) Using the intensity correction value to correct the current approximate position of the sediment particles:

The set multiple value of the intensity correction value and the current approximate position value of the sediment particle are summed to obtain the corrected current approximate position of the sediment particle;

After the correction is completed, the corrected current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the new current approximate position of the sediment particle, and then the process returns to step 2-2);

2-6) According to the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, the density distribution of the sediment particles in the water body in the current time interval is obtained

2-7) Repeat steps 2-1)-2-6) to obtain the density distribution of sediment particles in the water body in each time interval.

The second aspect of the present disclosure provides a device for measuring sediment content in a flowing water body, comprising:

The sound pressure distribution calculation module is used to calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

A scattered ultrasonic wave acquisition module, used to acquire sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic wave is scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

The sediment content determination module is used to determine the temporal and spatial distribution of sediment particles in the water body through simulation calculation according to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, so as to obtain the determination result of the sediment content of the water body.

A third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

Among them, the memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute a method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body as described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

The fourth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute a method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body as described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

The fifth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body as described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

The sixth aspect of the present disclosure provides a computer program, which includes a computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer executes the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body as described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

Features and beneficial effects of the present disclosure:

The present disclosure designs a computational model based on the inverse source problem of the wave equation, which can measure the sediment content of the water flow more accurately and efficiently. The present disclosure remodels the entire process of ultrasonic emission and propagation into the fluid, followed by scattering by sediment particles in the fluid, and finally being received by the receiver. The sediment particles in the water body are regarded as the wave source of the scattered sound waves. Combined with the partial differential equation obeyed by the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the water body, the ultrasonic sound pressure signal received by the receiver is used to calculate the distribution of the scattered wave source (i.e., sediment particles) in the water body, thereby obtaining the sediment content of the water body.

The present disclosure fully utilizes all the information of the received sound pressure signal to calculate the distribution of sediment particles in the water body, making up for the defect of the existing ultrasonic measurement technology that only uses the energy attenuation information of the transmitted and received ultrasonic signals, and can accurately and efficiently measure the sediment content of the water body. Compared with traditional technologies, the present disclosure has a huge improvement in the accuracy and efficiency of calculation, and the present disclosure has strong robustness to noise. Even if the noise intensity in the received signal is high, the present disclosure can still accurately calculate the sediment content of the water body.

The disclosed solution can measure the sediment content in various simple and complex water environments very accurately and efficiently, and the greatly improved calculation speed can realize the real-time measurement of the sediment content in the water body. Since the disclosed solution calculates the sediment content based on ultrasonic detection, compared with the direct measurement method, the disclosed solution will not cause any interference to the water body.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG1 is an overall flow chart of a method for determining sediment content in a flowing water body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the first stage of measuring the sediment content of a water body in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the second stage of measuring the sediment content of a water body in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of determining the spatiotemporal distribution of sediment particles in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a simulation effect diagram of a specific embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed ways

The present disclosure provides a method and device for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body, an electronic device, a readable storage medium, a computer program product and a computer program. The following is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The first embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for measuring the sediment content in a flowing water body, comprising:

Calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

Acquiring sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic waves are scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

According to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, the temporal and spatial distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is determined by simulation calculation to obtain the measurement result of the sediment content of the water body.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage uses the ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitter to the water body to model the sound pressure distribution in the water body, and the second stage inverts the density distribution of the sediment particles in the water body according to the ultrasonic wave received by the receiver; the overall process of the method is shown in FIG1, and includes the following steps:

1) Use the detection ultrasonic transmitter to transmit the detection ultrasonic wave to the water body.

In this embodiment, the emitted detection ultrasonic wave has a given waveform and frequency. There is no special requirement for the waveform and frequency, which are generally given by the specific ultrasonic transmitter. In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the detection ultrasonic wave is set to a signal with a frequency of 100kHz and a Gaussian waveform. The number of detection ultrasonic transmitters is small, usually not more than 10, and they are evenly arranged in the water body, such as the bottom of the riverbed or the bottom of the canal. In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, it is set to 1 and arranged below the water surface.

During a sediment content measurement process, each transmitter transmits detection ultrasonic waves in a set number of consecutive equal time intervals (such as a time interval of 5-10ms).

2) Based on the information of the waveform and frequency of the detection ultrasonic wave and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the water body, the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body is determined using the wave equation.

In this embodiment, after the detection ultrasonic wave is emitted, its propagation in the water body is completely determined by a non-homogeneous wave equation. In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the propagation process of the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body is expressed as the following non-homogeneous wave equation:

Wherein, c represents the propagation speed of ultrasound in water, which is generally 1500±20 m/s in actual situations and is taken as 1500 m/s in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure; λ(x, t) represents the background wave field sound pressure distribution at position x in the water at time t; Δ is the Laplace operator, , x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ represent the three-dimensional coordinates of position x respectively; λ _m (t) represents the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the mth transmitter at time t; s _m is the position of the mth transmitter; δ represents the Dirac function, which is used to simulate the point source at position s _m . T represents the duration of the entire measurement process. M represents the number of transmitters. It means that at the initial time t=0, the sound pressure distribution at any position in the water body is 0, that is, there is no ultrasonic wave in the water body.

When the waveform of the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitter and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the water are known, The wave equation (1) is solved to obtain the background wave field sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) at position x in the water body when the ultrasonic wave is detected at time t.

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the first stage in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section along the direction of water flow, wherein the arrow direction indicates the direction of water flow horizontally, and in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the water flows from left to right. The dark box in the upper left corner of FIG2 represents the transmitter, and the light box in the upper right corner represents the receiver, both of which are placed under the water surface. The volume of the transmitter and the receiver can be very small, and through a specific shape design, the disturbance they cause to the water body is very small and almost negligible. Depending on the range to be measured, the transmitter and the receiver can be arranged at different points to be measured, such as the turning point of a river or a canal, so as to better determine the sand content of these specific points to be measured. Several small discs in the water body represent silt particles in the water, and the arrows represent the flow velocity vector of the water body corresponding to the location of the silt particles. FIG2 describes the process in which the transmitter emits a detection ultrasonic wave to the water body and is then "sensed" by the silt particles in the water body.

After the detection ultrasonic wave enters the water body, it is "sensed" by the sand particles in the water body and scattered around. The waveform and frequency of the ultrasonic signal scattered by the sand particles are the same as the ultrasonic signal sensed by the sand particles. That is, the sand particles scatter the received detection ultrasonic wave and generate scattered ultrasonic waves with the same waveform and frequency as the received ultrasonic wave.

3) The receiver collects the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave generated by the detection ultrasonic wave being scattered by the sediment particles in the water body in multiple continuous time intervals.

In this embodiment, the number of receivers is usually greater than that of transmitters. Generally, the greater the number of receivers, the more accurate the measurement result. FIG3 shows a schematic diagram of the second stage in a specific embodiment of the present disclosure. For the sake of simplicity, FIG2 and FIG3 only show one receiver, but in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the number of receivers is more than one.

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, the receiver is arranged below the water surface, at the bottom of the riverbed and on both sides. The receiver collects the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave generated by the scattering of the detection ultrasonic wave by the silt particles in the water body in multiple consecutive equal-length time intervals that are the same as the transmission phase. In this time interval, the receiver continuously collects the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in a time interval (such as 0.1ms) that is smaller than the time interval of equal length. Since the time interval is very small and the movement speed of the silt particles is much smaller than the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the water body, it can be considered that the silt particles are approximately stationary at each collection, and the silt particles move in a uniform straight line during the interval between adjacent collection moments.

The scene shown in Figure 3 is the same as Figure 2. Figure 3 describes the process in which the detection ultrasonic wave scattered by the sediment particles in the water body is received by the receiver, and then the density distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is inverted according to the received sound pressure signal.

4) Based on the sound pressure distribution U(x, t) generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body and the sound pressure data U _data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, the temporal and spatial distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is determined, and then the sediment content of the water body is calculated; the overall process is shown in FIG4 , and the specific steps are as follows:

4-1) Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation of the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water;

In a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, similar to the non-homogeneous wave equation shown in equation (1), the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water is expressed as the following non-homogeneous wave equation:

Where U(x, t) represents the sound pressure distribution of the scattered ultrasound at position x in the water body at time t; Δ is the Laplace operator, ; λ(x, t) represents the background wave field formed by the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the transmitter, that is, the solution of the wave equation (1); f _t (x) represents the density distribution of the sediment particles at position x in the water body at time t.

For each time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], the non-homogeneous wave equation (2) can be simplified to It is the following equation (3):

in, is the distribution density of sediment particles at position x in the water body in the time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], that is, whether there are sediment particles at position x. If there are sediment particles at position x in the time interval, then otherwise

It should be noted that, since the time interval is very short, the embodiment of the present disclosure considers that the distribution of sediment particles in this time interval is static. The movement speed of sediment particles in the water body is generally about 5m/s, so in the time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], the movement distance of the sediment particles is about 3cm, which is very small relative to the scale of the river. Therefore, it is reasonable to consider the distribution of sediment particles as static in the time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ].

After collecting J (50 in this embodiment) consecutive time intervals of sound pressure data U _data (U _data includes the sound pressure data collected by all receivers, U _data = {U (d ₁ , t), U (d ₂ , t), ..., U (d _r , t)}, where d ₁ , ..., d _r represent the positions of r receivers respectively), based on the above equation (3), solve This is equivalent to finding the following mapping function The inverse mapping of :

Wherein d ₁ , ..., d _r represent the positions of r receivers respectively.

This disclosure will seek the mapping function The inverse mapping problem is transformed into a least squares problem, and the existing efficient optimization algorithms (such as conjugate gradient method, least squares QR decomposition method, etc.) are used to solve it. The solution process is the following iterative process.

4-2) Using the non-homogeneous wave equation of step 1), the approximate position of the sediment particles in each time interval is iterated to determine the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, and then the sediment particles in each time interval are obtained. The density distribution of particles in the fluid; the specific steps are as follows:

4-2-1) Take any time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ] as the current time interval, determine the initial value of the approximate position of the sediment particles in the current time interval and use it as the current approximate position of the sediment particles. In this embodiment, the initial value of the approximate position is 0, which means that there are no sediment particles at the beginning; any value can also be randomly set; the initial values of different time intervals can be different. The selection of the initial value can be understood as a rough prediction of the position of the sediment particles. Different initial values will only affect the overall calculation speed, and will not affect the final calculation results.

4-2-2) In the current time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], using the non-homogeneous wave equation established in step 4-1), based on the sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body and the current approximate position of the sediment particles, the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave is determined;

In this embodiment, the current approximate position of the sediment particle is determined The value of (obtained from the approximate position The process is that if there are sand particles at x, The function value is 1, otherwise it is 0), combined with the sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body, using formula (3), by solving U(x, t) to obtain the simulated reception data of the scattered ultrasonic wave of each receiver in the current time interval; that is, if the sediment particles are located at this approximate position, the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave that the receiver should receive (here referred to as simulated reception data).

4-2-3) The difference between the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval and the actual sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave collected in step 3) in the current time interval is propagated in reverse time to determine the intensity correction value of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval at the current approximate position of the sediment particle.

Since the sand particles are assumed to be at the current approximate position, there is a difference between the simulated reception data and the actual reception data (i.e., sound wave data) of the scattered ultrasound at the receiver. The difference is used as the sound wave signal received by the receiver at the receiving time, and reverse time propagation is performed through numerical simulation to obtain the sound pressure distribution at the time of sending the sound wave signal (i.e., the full-field signal intensity distribution of the detection ultrasound at the time of sending), and then multiplied by λ(x, t) and integrated with respect to t, and used as the intensity correction value of the current approximate position of the sand particles.

4-2-4) Determine the strength correction value:

In this embodiment, whether the iteration process needs to be continued is determined based on whether the strength correction value is small enough.

If the intensity correction value is less than the set threshold, the current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the actual position of the sediment particle in the current time interval, and then the process proceeds to step 4-2-6).

If the intensity correction value is greater than or equal to the set threshold value (not converged), the process proceeds to step 4-2-5), and the current approximate position of the sediment particles is corrected using the intensity correction value.

It should be noted that the threshold is a very small sound pressure value related to the noise intensity of the measurement data, for example, set to the order of 10 ^-5 or 10 ^-6 Pa, and in the embodiment of the present disclosure, it is set to 10 ^-6 Pa.

4-2-5) Use the intensity correction value to correct the current approximate position of the silt particle, that is, add the set multiple of the intensity correction value to the current approximate position of the silt particle as the new current approximate position of the silt particle. In this embodiment, the correction multiple is selected as the optimal correction multiple, that is, the square of the intensity correction value divided by the square of the simulated received data size;

After the correction is completed, the corrected current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the new current approximate position of the sediment particle, and then the process returns to step 4-2-2) to update the intensity correction value until the intensity correction value is less than the set threshold value;

4-2-6) According to the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, the density distribution of the sediment particles in the water body in the current time interval is obtained

4-2-7) Repeat steps 4-2-1)-4-2-6) to obtain the density distribution of sediment particles in the water body at each time interval. cloth,

4-8) After obtaining the density distribution of sediment particles in the water body in all time intervals, an integral calculation is performed based on the density distribution to obtain the sediment content of the water body in each time interval, and then the sediment content values of each time interval are averaged to obtain the sediment content of the water body in the time period composed of all time intervals.

FIG5 is a simulation effect diagram of a specific embodiment of the present disclosure after the method of the present disclosure is adopted. The scene shown in FIG5 is consistent with FIG2. FIG5 shows the density distribution of sediment particles in the water body at a certain moment obtained according to the method described in the embodiment of the present disclosure. The black particles in the figure represent sediment particles. The relative error of the calculation result of the sediment content of the water body in the embodiment of the present disclosure is only 2.99%.

To implement the above embodiment, the second aspect of the present disclosure provides a device for measuring the sediment content in a flowing water body, comprising:

The sound pressure distribution calculation module is used to calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

A scattered ultrasonic wave acquisition module, used to acquire sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic wave is scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

The sediment content determination module is used to determine the temporal and spatial distribution of sediment particles in the water body through simulation calculation according to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, so as to obtain the determination result of the sediment content of the water body.

It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the embodiment of a method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body is also applicable to a device for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body of the present embodiment, and will not be repeated here. According to a device for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body proposed in the present embodiment, the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body is calculated; the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave generated by the scattering of the detection ultrasonic wave by the sediment particles in the water body is obtained; based on the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, the spatiotemporal distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is determined by simulation calculation to obtain the measurement result of the sediment content of the water body. In this way, all the information of the received ultrasonic signal can be fully utilized to calculate the sediment content of the water body, and the sediment content of the water body can be accurately and efficiently measured, which makes up for the defects of the existing sediment content measurement technology.

To implement the above embodiment, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including:

at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are configured to execute a method for determining sediment content in a flowing water body according to any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

To implement the above embodiments, the fourth aspect of the present disclosure proposes a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute a method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body according to any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the computer-readable medium disclosed above may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium or any combination of the above two. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device or device, or any combination of the above. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that may be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or device. In the present disclosure, a computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, in which a computer-readable program code is carried. This propagated data signal may take a variety of forms, including but not limited to an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the above. The computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium other than a computer readable storage medium, which may send, propagate or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus or device. The program code contained on the computer readable medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

The computer readable medium may be included in the electronic device, or may exist independently without being installed in the electronic device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by the electronic device, the electronic device executes the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body of the above embodiment.

To implement the above embodiments, the fifth aspect of the present disclosure proposes a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

To implement the above embodiments, the sixth aspect of the present disclosure proposes a computer program, which includes computer program code. When the computer program code runs on a computer, the computer executes the method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body described in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

It should be noted that the aforementioned explanations of the method and device embodiments are also applicable to the electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, computer program product and computer program of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages, or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and conventional procedural programming languages such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

The logic and/or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute the instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic devices), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or otherwise processing in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the embodiment, multiple steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit with a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit with a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

All embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented individually or in combination with other embodiments, and are deemed to be within the protection scope required by the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

1. A method for determining the sediment content in a flowing water body, characterized by comprising:

   Calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

   Acquiring sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic waves are scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

   According to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, the temporal and spatial distribution of the sediment particles in the water body is determined by simulation calculation to obtain the measurement result of the sediment content of the water body.
2. The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the detection ultrasonic wave is emitted to the water body by a detection ultrasonic wave transmitter arranged in the water body within a set plurality of consecutive equal time intervals.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the calculation of the sound pressure distribution generated by the ultrasonic wave in the water body comprises:

   Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation for detecting the propagation of ultrasonic waves in water:
   

   Where c represents the propagation speed of ultrasound in water; λ(x, t) represents the background wave field sound pressure distribution at position x in the water at time t;

   Δ is the Laplace operator, , x ₁ , x ₂ , x ₃ represent the three-dimensional coordinates of position x; λ _m (t) represents the detection ultrasonic wave emitted by the mth transmitter at time t; s _m is the position of the mth transmitter; δ represents the Dirac function, which is used to simulate the Set the point source at s _m ; T represents the duration of the measurement process, and M represents the number of transmitters; It means that at the initial time t = 0, the sound pressure distribution at any position in the water body is 0;

   By solving equation (1), we can obtain the background wave field sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) at position x in the water body when the ultrasonic wave is detected at time t.
4. The method according to claim 2 or 3 is characterized in that the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave generated by the scattering of the detection ultrasonic wave by the sediment particles in the water body is acquired by the detection ultrasonic wave receiver arranged in the water body within the multiple continuous equal time intervals.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the determining the spatiotemporal distribution of silt particles in the water body by simulation calculation based on the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave to obtain the measurement result of the silt content of the water body comprises:

   1) Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation of the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water;

   2) using the non-homogeneous wave equation of step 1), by iterating the approximate position of the sediment particles in each time interval, determining the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, and then obtaining the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid in each time interval;

   3) Integrating the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid in each time interval to obtain the sediment content of the water body in each time interval, and averaging the sediment content in each time interval to obtain the sediment content of the water body in the time period consisting of all time intervals.
6. The method according to claim 5 is characterized in that the step of constructing a non-homogeneous wave equation for the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water comprises:

   Construct the non-homogeneous wave equation of the propagation process of scattered ultrasonic waves in water:
   

   Among them, U(x, t) represents the scattered ultrasonic sound pressure distribution at position x in the water body at time t; Δ is the Laplace operator, ; f _t (x) represents the density distribution of sediment particles at position x in the water body at time t;

   For each time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], equation (2) is simplified to the following equation as shown in equation (3):
   

   in, is the distribution density of sediment particles at position x in the water body in the time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ]. Based on the existence of sediment particles at position x in the time interval, otherwise
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that obtaining the density distribution of the sediment particles in the fluid at each time interval comprises:

   2-1) Taking any time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ] as the current time interval, determining the initial value of the approximate position of the sediment particle in the current time interval and taking it as the current approximate position of the sediment particle;

   2-2) In the current time interval [T _j-1 , T _j ], determine according to the current approximate position of the sediment particle The value of is combined with the sound pressure distribution λ(x, t) generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body, and the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval is obtained by solving U(x, t) using formula (3);

   2-3) performing reverse time propagation on the difference between the simulated receiving data of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave to obtain the intensity correction value of the scattered ultrasonic wave in the current time interval at the current approximate position of the sediment particle;

   2-4) Determine the strength correction value:

   Based on the fact that the intensity correction value is less than the set threshold, the current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the actual position of the sediment particle in the current time interval, and then proceeding to step 2-6);

   Based on the strength correction value being greater than or equal to the set threshold, proceed to step 2-5);

   2-5) Using the intensity correction value to correct the current approximate position of the sediment particles:

   The set multiple value of the intensity correction value and the current approximate position value of the sediment particle are summed to obtain the corrected current approximate position of the sediment particle;

   After the correction is completed, the corrected current approximate position of the sediment particle is used as the new current approximate position of the sediment particle, and then the process returns to step 2-2);

   2-6) According to the actual position of the sediment particles in the current time interval, the density distribution of the sediment particles in the water body in the current time interval is obtained

   2-7) Repeat steps 2-1)-2-6) to obtain the density distribution of sediment particles in the water body in each time interval.
   
8. A device for measuring sediment content in a flowing water body, characterized in that it comprises:

   The sound pressure distribution calculation module is used to calculate the sound pressure distribution generated by the detection ultrasonic wave in the water body;

   A scattered ultrasonic wave acquisition module, used to acquire sound pressure data of scattered ultrasonic waves generated when the detection ultrasonic wave is scattered by sediment particles in the water body;

   The sediment content determination module is used to determine the temporal and spatial distribution of sediment particles in the water body through simulation calculation according to the sound pressure distribution and the sound pressure data of the scattered ultrasonic wave, so as to obtain the determination result of the sediment content of the water body.
9. An electronic device, comprising:

   at least one processor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor;

   The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, wherein the instructions are configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions, and the computer instructions are used to enable the computer to execute any one of the methods of claims 1 to 7.
11. A computer program product comprises a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any one of the methods 1 to 7.
12. A computer program, characterized in that the computer program comprises computer program code, and when the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute any one of the methods 1 to 7.