WO2024092951A1 - Glass tempering heating furnace - Google Patents
Glass tempering heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024092951A1 WO2024092951A1 PCT/CN2022/136702 CN2022136702W WO2024092951A1 WO 2024092951 A1 WO2024092951 A1 WO 2024092951A1 CN 2022136702 W CN2022136702 W CN 2022136702W WO 2024092951 A1 WO2024092951 A1 WO 2024092951A1
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- glass
- furnace body
- heating
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- smoke
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 267
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 203
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
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- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/012—Tempering or quenching glass products by heat treatment, e.g. for crystallisation; Heat treatment of glass products before tempering by cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of glass tempering, and in particular to a glass tempering heating furnace.
- glass exhibits unique properties in the heat transfer process.
- Glass has a structure that is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range.
- Glass is transparent or translucent to visible light and infrared light. When it receives external heat, it generates higher frequency electromagnetic radiation energy inside. This heat transfer process is called photon heat conduction.
- Photon heat conduction of transparent glass at room temperature accounts for about 10% of the total heat transfer. As the temperature rises, the effect of photon heat conduction increases, and volume radiation occurs inside the glass.
- Ordinary transparent glass has a high emissivity and can absorb thermal radiation energy very well.
- Low-E glass can be made by coating the surface of ordinary glass with a film with low emissivity.
- the most notable characteristics of Low-E glass are high reflectivity for far-infrared radiation, low emissivity for near-infrared radiation, and high transmittance for visible light. This means that after Low-E glass is used in a building, the visible light part of the sunlight can be transmitted, playing a role in lighting, while most of the infrared radiation that can produce thermal effects is blocked outside the window. Due to the surface modification of Low-E glass, many technical problems will arise during the tempering and heating process.
- Tempered glass is a safety glass. Tempered glass is actually a prestressed glass. In order to improve the strength of the glass, chemical or physical methods are usually used to form compressive stress on the glass surface. When the glass is subjected to external force, the surface stress is first offset, thereby improving the bearing capacity and enhancing the glass's own resistance to wind pressure, cold and heat, impact, etc.
- Physical tempering is a process in which ordinary flat glass is heated in a heating furnace to a temperature close to the softening temperature of the glass (600°C), and its internal stress is eliminated through its own deformation. The glass is then removed from the heating furnace and high-pressure cold air is blown to both sides of the glass with a multi-head nozzle to cool it quickly and evenly to room temperature, thereby producing tempered glass.
- Chemical tempering improves the strength of glass by changing the chemical composition of the glass surface. It is generally tempered by ion exchange.
- the method is to immerse silicate glass containing alkali metal ions into molten lithium (Li + ) salt, so that the Na + or K + ions on the surface of the glass are exchanged with Li + ions, and a Li + ion exchange layer is formed on the surface. Since the expansion coefficient of Li + is smaller than that of Na + and K + ions, the outer layer shrinks less and the inner layer shrinks more during the cooling process. When cooled to room temperature, the glass is also in a state where the inner layer is under tension and the outer layer is under compression. The effect is similar to that of physical tempered glass.
- the present application discusses the equipment involved in physical tempering, namely, a tempering heating furnace.
- the heat transfer processes involved in the heating process of glass in the tempering furnace include “radiation heat transfer”, “convection heat transfer” and “heat conduction”.
- Radiative heat transfer Radiation is everywhere. When a piece of cold glass enters the heating furnace of the glass tempering furnace, various heating elements, furnace wall insulation materials, and ceramic rollers all emit radiant heat to heat the glass. Waves have two forms of "absorption + penetration" for the heated object. Only absorption can heat the object. From the spectral curve of the glass, due to the composition, the infrared transmission curve is in the form of "peaks and valleys", not a straight line. The corresponding "valley” is the wavelength range that the glass can absorb, and the wavelength that can be absorbed is not one.
- Figure 12 is only the infrared transmission curve of a certain type of glass. Different types of glass have different curves. This requires that during the tempering and heating process of the glass, the wavelength of the wave radiated outward by the heat source should be a "wide-band" wave, covering the absorption wavelengths corresponding to different types of glass as much as possible. In fact, it also requires that the temperature of the heat source can be both very high and relatively low (compared to the resistance wire).
- Convective heat transfer In the production process of tempered glass, there are several types of convection heat transfer.
- Natural convection When there is a temperature difference in the furnace, the air flows naturally. When cold glass enters the heating furnace, the lower surface of the glass is heated by natural convection, and the upper surface of the glass forms an air screen due to the cold air. If there is no forced convection, the effect of natural convection heating is very small. The natural convection on the four sides of block flat glass has a significant effect, which generally causes the "hot edge" of the glass, making the edge temperature of the glass too high, thus affecting the optical imaging quality of the glass;
- Heat conduction The upper surface of the glass does not contact the components in the furnace, only the lower surface contacts the ceramic roller.
- the ceramic roller is made of quartz as the main material and is made by adding auxiliary materials. Its thermal expansion coefficient is almost 0 and its thermal conductivity is also very low.
- the contact area between the ceramic roller and the glass is very small (theoretically it is line contact), so heat conduction is not the main method in the entire heat transfer process. Less than 10% of the heat absorbed by the glass in the heating furnace comes from heat conduction.
- the lower surface of the cold glass contacts the high-temperature ceramic roller, which will cause the glass to warp and shake. This needs to be noted.
- the radiation tempering furnace in the industry heats the glass
- its heat source comes from the electric heating elements on the top and bottom of the furnace, which are usually nickel-chromium resistance wires.
- the electric heating elements There are two ways to install the electric heating elements. One is to be installed in a metal tube to radiate heat in the form of a radiation tube; the other is to be mounted on a heat-resistant ceramic tube, and the resistance wire directly radiates heat into the furnace.
- the glass is usually placed flat on a transmission roller made of heat-resistant ceramic as the main component, and is sent into the furnace by the rotation of the roller.
- the electric heating elements in the furnace are generally arranged as full as possible on the top and bottom of the furnace.
- the glass When the glass is sent into the furnace at room temperature, it is subjected to the radiation heat transfer of the electric heating elements and the heat conduction of the transmission roller to the contacted glass. Since the furnace temperature is generally around 700°C, the temperature of the transmission roller is relatively high, and the glass obtains a large amount of heat through heat conduction, making the temperature of the lower surface of the glass higher than the temperature of the upper surface, causing uneven temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the glass plate, and the glass bends and the edges are upturned. At this time, gravity is concentrated in the middle of the glass plate, forming a roller mark. Uneven heating can also cause white spots to appear in the center of the glass, a problem that is more serious when tempering the substrate of laminated glass.
- Low-E glass is coated on one side of ordinary glass.
- the coated surface is sent into the tempering furnace with the coating facing up.
- the electric heating element mainly heats the Low-E glass by radiation. Its infrared radiation projected onto the object will produce a significant thermal effect and is the main component of heat rays.
- the emissivity of Low-E glass is uneven, and the lower surface of the glass has a very high emissivity of about 0.90.
- the emissivity on the coated side is generally between 0.10 and 0.23.
- the coating layer reflects a large amount of infrared radiation energy, making it difficult for thermal radiation to be transferred from the coated surface to the inside of the glass.
- the surface of the glass must be completely covered with heating elements.
- This surface heating method is characterized by the need to apply at least 50% of the heat of the heat source to the surface of the heated object or the layer near the surface.
- Traditional heating methods have limitations. For example, using chromium-aluminum-cobalt metal wire resistance wire heating, the maximum load of the heater wall can only reach 60kW/m2 at 1000°C, but the power density radiated by the full black radiator at the same temperature can reach 149kW/m2.
- the heaters are arranged extremely densely, and this arrangement will shorten the service life of the heating element.
- the maximum heating temperature of the traditional electric heating element nickel-chromium alloy is 1150°C
- the maximum heating temperature of iron-chromium alloy is 1400°C.
- the wavelength of the outward radiation at the heating temperature of 1150°C is 2.04 microns.
- the heating temperature of the resistance wire in the electric heating tempering furnace is lower than 1150°C, usually between 800 and 900°C, and the corresponding heat source radiation wavelength is 2.47 to 2.7 microns. This wavelength is actually relatively narrow, and not all glass absorption wavelengths are between 2.47 and 2.7 microns.
- the industry has gradually begun to use an infrared radiator to uniformly heat transparent glass to increase the glass heating speed and shorten the heating time.
- the disadvantage of this method is that it cannot ensure uniform radiation of the entire surface of the glass object, resulting in a projection of the intensity distribution of the infrared radiation source on the glass surface to be heated.
- the glass industry has introduced "forced convection heat exchange technology" in the tempering furnace.
- Adding forced convection in the upper part of the roller tempering furnace is beneficial to the symmetrical heating of the glass.
- the presence of the coating greatly increases the heating time, while adding forced convection can shorten the heating time and reduce the furnace temperature, which is very beneficial to reducing the loss of the film layer and improving production efficiency. It is unnecessary to add forced convection in the lower part.
- the roller tempering furnace due to the inevitable roller heat transfer and natural convection in the lower part, heats the lower part too quickly, and the glass warps up to form white fog in the middle. More importantly, the middle part is heated too quickly.
- the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a glass tempering heating furnace.
- the present application provides a glass tempering heating furnace, comprising:
- the preheating furnace body has a feed inlet, and a main smoke exhaust port is arranged at the feed inlet; along the traveling direction of the glass, the preheating furnace body is divided into multiple sections, and each section is provided with a smoke extraction port and a smoke injection interface; the smoke extraction port is used to extract the smoke from the preheating section; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the furnace body;
- the heating section furnace body is provided with a plurality of infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; the smoke from the heating section furnace body is extracted through the smoke extraction port, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating section furnace body through the smoke injection interface.
- the smoke exhaust port of the heating section is moved forward to the position of the feed port of the preheating section.
- the macroscopic flow of smoke from the heating section to the preheating section is constructed, and at the same time, it serves as the source of heat for the preheating section; on the other hand, the smoke exhaust port is separated from the heating section by a certain distance, which reduces the influence of smoke exhaust on the temperature field of the heating section.
- the glass as a cold source continues to enter the preheating section furnace body, and the temperature of the drive roller of the preheating section furnace body will be much lower than that of the drive roller of the heating section furnace body.
- the heat of the preheating section furnace body of the present application comes from the smoke of the heating section furnace body, so that the deformation (upward) and shaking caused by the large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the glass when it enters the heating furnace due to the excessively high temperature of the drive roller can be well avoided.
- the heating section furnace body adopts a porous medium combustion technology based on infrared radiation to construct a wide-band infrared heating section, so as to achieve rapid and uniform heating of the glass.
- the glass tempering heating furnace of the present application is not only applicable to the tempering heating of ordinary glass, but is especially suitable for the tempering requirements of coated glass and Low-E glass.
- multiple flue gas injection air knives can be arranged on the upper and lower sides of the drive roller along the direction of glass travel, and the multiple flue gas injection air knives on the upper and lower sides and the multiple drive rollers are staggered in the height direction; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the multiple smoke gas injection air knives.
- the diameters of the air outlets of the multiple smoke injection air knives can be shrunk.
- an incrementer may be provided in the preheating furnace body, the incrementer having a channel of a venturi tube structure, and the channel is connected to the air outlets of a plurality of flue gas injection air knives.
- a plurality of infrared burners are staggeredly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller along the traveling direction of the glass.
- the infrared burner of the heating section furnace body may be a combustion component having a porous medium material.
- the porous medium material may be a SiC material, wherein the emissivity of the SiC material is 0.9.
- an airflow stirring device may be further provided in the heating section furnace body, and the airflow stirring device and the infrared burner may be spaced apart along the traveling direction of the glass.
- the glass tempering heating furnace may further include: a soaking section furnace body; the soaking section furnace body is arranged behind the heating section furnace body along the traveling direction of the glass; and a plurality of air ducts are arranged in the soaking section furnace body for generating horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- the plurality of air ducts may be four independently controlled air ducts, wherein the four independently controlled air ducts are a first air duct, a second air duct, a third air duct and a fourth air duct.
- the furnace body of the soaking section realizes forced convection by setting up air ducts for generating horizontal parallel airflow on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, and ensures the temperature uniformity of the glass entering the rapid cooling process through the convection heat exchange of the airflow.
- the air duct may include a centrifugal fan and an air duct body; the centrifugal fan is used to rotate to suck in wind, and to throw out wind so that the wind flows in the air duct body and is blown out from the gaps between the drive rollers, horizontally and parallely passing over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, completing heat exchange with the glass.
- the equalizing section furnace body may further include a heater, which is used to heat the air that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the air heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- a heater which is used to heat the air that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the air heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- the preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body can be equally divided into an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; the upper furnace body is arranged above the driving roller, and the lower furnace body is arranged below the driving roller.
- the preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body may all be provided with a furnace body lifting device, and the furnace body lifting device is connected to the upper furnace body for lifting the upper furnace body.
- the present application provides a glass tempering method, wherein the glass tempering method uses a glass tempering heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present application to perform a tempering process on the glass, and the glass tempering method comprises:
- the glass runs on the transmission rollers and enters the preheating furnace body, where the product is preheated.
- the glass enters the heating section furnace from the preheating section furnace, and the product temperature rises to 600-640°C. After reaching the set temperature, the glass continues to operate at the set temperature;
- the glass enters the soaking section furnace from the heating section furnace, and the circulating gas passes over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to heat the glass and make the temperature uniform.
- FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;
- FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third perspective;
- FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flue gas injection interface of the preheating section of the glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
- FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the flue gas injection interface and the incrementer of the preheating section of the glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
- FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;
- FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;
- FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace body of a soaking section of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a single air duct of a furnace body of a soaking section of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application in the width direction of the furnace body;
- FIG11 is a flow field analysis diagram of the present application.
- FIG12 is an infrared transmission curve of a certain type of glass.
- Icons 10-glass tempering heating furnace; 20-glass; 100-preheating furnace body; 101-driving roller; 102-preheating upper furnace body; 103-preheating lower furnace body; 120-main smoke exhaust port; 130-smoke exhaust port; 131-first smoke exhaust port; 132-second smoke exhaust port; 133-third smoke exhaust port; 134-fourth smoke exhaust port; 135-fifth smoke exhaust port; 136-sixth smoke exhaust port; 140-smoke injection interface; 141-first smoke injection interface; 142-second smoke injection interface; 143-third smoke injection interface; 144-fourth smoke injection interface; 150-smoke injection air knife; 151-air knife on the right side of the upper furnace body; 152- Wind knife on the left side of the upper furnace body; 153-air outlet; 160-increaser; 161-channel of the venturi tube structure; 162-contraction section; 163-gap; 164-exit; 200-heating section furnace body; 201-upper furnace
- an embodiment of the present application provides a glass tempering heating furnace 10 , comprising: a preheating section furnace body 100 , a heating section furnace body 200 , and a soaking section furnace body 300 , which are sequentially arranged along the glass traveling direction.
- the preheating stage furnace body 100 has a feed inlet, and a main smoke exhaust port 120 is arranged near the feed inlet.
- the main smoke exhaust port is usually set in the heating section, while in the present application, the smoke exhaust port of the heating section is moved forward to the feed port of the preheating section.
- the smoke is moved from the heating section to the preheating section as a source of heat for the preheating section; on the other hand, the influence of the smoke exhaust on the temperature field of the heating section is reduced.
- the preheating furnace body is divided into multiple sections along the traveling direction of the glass, and each section is provided with a smoke extraction port 130 and a smoke injection interface 140; the smoke extraction port 130 is used to extract smoke from the preheating section.
- the smoke from the heating furnace body 200 is extracted through the smoke extraction port 130, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating furnace body 100 through the smoke injection interface 140.
- the present application introduces the preheating furnace body 100 in front of the heating furnace body 200, sets the total smoke exhaust port 120 of the whole set of equipment at the entrance of the preheating furnace, and sets a smoke exhaust port 130 in each section of the preheating furnace body 100 along the direction of glass travel.
- the smoke in the furnace can be extracted from each smoke exhaust port 130 by a fan, and then the extracted smoke is sent into the furnace through the smoke injection interface 140 of each section, so as to construct the internal circulation of smoke in the preheating furnace body.
- the pressure in the furnace can be kept at the preset index of "micro positive pressure", and then the overall flow direction of the smoke in the furnace can be realized from the heating furnace body 200 to the preheating furnace body 100.
- the flue gas of the heating furnace body 200 is reused; on the other hand, the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into multiple sections, and the flue gas is extracted by the smoke outlet 130 and sent back by the flue gas injection interface 140, so as to realize the step-by-step heating of the glass in the preheating furnace body 100.
- the heat of the preheating furnace body 100 comes from the flue gas of the heating furnace body 200.
- the temperature of the driving roller 101 of the preheating furnace body 100 will be much lower than the temperature of the driving roller 101 of the heating furnace body 200. In this way, the deformation (upward) and shaking caused by the large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the glass at the initial stage of entering the heating furnace due to the excessively high temperature of the driving roller 101 can be well avoided.
- the glass tempering heating furnace 10 of the present application is completely different from the conventional glass tempering heating furnace in the related art. It creatively sets up a separate preheating section furnace body 100, uses the flue gas in the heating section as a heat source, sets up a separate preheating section, reduces the temperature of the ceramic roller in the preheating section, and preheats the glass in the form of forced convection, thereby solving the problem of warping and shaking of the glass caused by uneven heating of the glass in the initial stage.
- the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into three sections along the traveling direction of the glass.
- the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into an upper preheating furnace body 102 and a lower preheating furnace body 103.
- the upper preheating furnace body 102 is arranged above the driving roller 101
- the lower preheating furnace body 103 is arranged below the driving roller 101.
- the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into “upper 1#” and “lower 1#” sections, “upper 2#” and “lower 2#” sections, “upper 3#” and “lower 3#” sections, a total of 6 sections.
- a smoke extraction port 130 is provided on the furnace body, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by a fan, and then the extracted smoke is sent into the furnace through the smoke injection interface 140 of each section, thereby constructing the internal circulation of the smoke in the preheating furnace body 100.
- the upper 1# section is provided with a first smoking port 131
- the lower 1# section is provided with a second smoking port 132
- the upper 2# section is provided with a third smoking port 133
- the lower 2# section is provided with a fourth smoking port 134
- the upper 3# section is provided with a fifth smoking port 135, and the lower 3# section is provided with a sixth smoking port 136.
- the first smoke extraction port 131 of the section is connected to the exhaust port of the smoke extraction fan, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by the fan, and is divided into two through the pipeline, and is respectively sent to the first smoke injection interface 141 and the second smoke injection interface 142 of the upper 1# section.
- the second smoke extraction port 132 set in the lower 1# section is connected to the exhaust port of the smoke extraction fan, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by the fan, and is divided into two through the pipeline, and is respectively sent to the third smoke injection interface 143 and the fourth smoke injection interface 144 of the lower 1# section.
- a plurality of flue gas injection air knives 150 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the drive roller 101, and the multiple flue gas injection air knives 150 on the upper and lower sides and the multiple drive rollers 101 are staggered in the height direction; the flue gas injection interface 140 is used to deliver the extracted flue gas into the multiple flue gas injection air knives 150.
- multiple flue gas injection air knives 150 are provided in the six sections of the preheating furnace body 100, namely, the "upper 1#” section and the “lower 1#” section, the "upper 2#” section and the “lower 2#” section, and the "upper 3#” section and the “lower 3#” section.
- the diameters of the air outlets 153 of the plurality of smoke injection air knives 150 are shrunk.
- this gradually decreasing structure can enable the ejected cooling medium (wind) to form a high flow rate and a jet state.
- an incrementer 160 is disposed in the preheating furnace body 100 , and the incrementer 160 has a channel 161 of a venturi tube structure, and the channel is connected to the air outlets 153 of the plurality of flue gas injection air knives 150 .
- the increaser 160 by providing the increaser 160 with a channel 161 of a venturi tube structure, a venturi effect can be generated, forming an "incremental" effect, and amplifying the amount of air blown to the glass.
- the structure of the increaser 160 provided in the present application has been verified by flow field simulation analysis and actual experiments, and the application of the increaser 160 greatly enhances the heating effect.
- the smoke injection structure usually adopts the traditional "circular hole staggered arrangement type” and "slit type” smoke injection structure.
- the present application creatively develops a structure with an "incremental” effect to increase the amount of injected smoke and optionally improve the heating efficiency.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 the "incremental" structure of flue gas injection in the preheating section furnace body 100 is shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.
- the drive roller 101 in the furnace is cold.
- the flue gas injection air knife 150 will not blow directly to the drive roller 101 but will be staggered and blow to the gap between the drive rollers 101.
- FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 the flue gas injection air knife 150 will not blow directly to the drive roller 101 but will be staggered and blow to the gap between the drive rollers 101.
- the internal structure of the preheating section furnace body 100 mainly consists of: a drive roller 101, a right wind knife 151 of the upper furnace body, a left wind knife 152 of the upper furnace body, and an incrementer 160.
- the glass runs from left to right under the rotation of the drive roller 101.
- the fan extracts the flue gas in each section of the furnace, and sends the preheated flue gas into the flue gas injection air knife 150 through the flue gas injection interface 140 outside the furnace.
- the flue gas injection air knife 150 which is specially designed for structure, contracts at the outlet, and forms the cooling medium into a high-flow, injection state.
- An incrementer 160 is installed at a certain distance from the outlet of each smoke jet air knife 150.
- the incrementer 160 is specially designed to form an "incremental" effect, amplifying the air volume blowing toward the glass. After flow field simulation analysis and actual experimental verification, the application of the incrementer 160 greatly enhances the heating effect.
- the flue gas ejected from the flue gas jet air knife 150 increases in velocity when passing through the contraction section 162 of the incrementer 160, and forms a low-pressure zone.
- the flue gas existing in the preheating furnace body 100 is sucked into the incrementer 160 from the gap 163 between the flue gas jet air knife 150 and the incrementer 160.
- the two streams of flue gas converge at the outlet 164 of the incrementer 160 and are ejected toward the heating surface of the glass 20.
- a greater amount of flue gas can be ejected on the heating surface of the glass.
- the heating section furnace body 200 is disposed behind the preheating section furnace body 100 along the traveling direction of the glass.
- the heating section furnace body 200 is divided into a heating section upper furnace body 201 and a heating section lower furnace body 202.
- the heating section upper furnace body 201 is arranged above the driving roller 101, and the heating section lower furnace body 202 is arranged below the driving roller 101.
- the heating section furnace body 200 is provided with a plurality of infrared burners 210 , and the infrared burners 210 are porous medium burners.
- the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application adopts porous medium combustion technology based on infrared radiation, and there are three heat exchange modes: convection, heat conduction and radiation, so that the temperature of the combustion area tends to be uniform and maintains a relatively stable temperature gradient. While the combustion is stable, it also has a high volumetric thermal intensity. Compared with free combustion, porous medium combustion has the advantages of high combustion rate, good combustion stability, large load adjustment range, large volumetric thermal intensity, small burner size, good gas adaptability, low pollutant emissions in flue gas, wider combustion limit, and combustible gas with very low calorific value.
- conventional heating furnaces are traditional gas fuel combustion, mainly characterized by free flame combustion. This type of combustion requires a large space, the temperature gradient around the flame is large, and local high temperature is easily generated. When the temperature is higher than 1500°C, NOx (nitrogen oxides) generation becomes obvious. Due to the high toxicity of NOx (nitrogen oxides), reducing its emissions is also very important.
- the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application uses a porous medium combustion furnace to greatly improve the combustion effect.
- the porous medium plays a key role.
- the porous medium material has the following characteristics: excellent heat transfer characteristics, forced gas flow in and out, separate and merge, enhanced convection, uniform temperature distribution, and can maintain a low temperature level, which can reduce pollutant emissions; the volume density is very small, that is, the thermal inertia is very small, it can heat up quickly at startup, and can quickly adapt to load changes. It can work in the temperature range of 800-1200°C and other characteristics.
- the infrared burner 210 of the heating section furnace body 200 described above uses a porous medium material as the main combustion component, and the gas burns in the porous medium material.
- the porous medium material of the present application selects SiC, and the emissivity of SiC material is about 0.9, which is much higher than the emissivity of general metal alloy heating materials, and the radiation heating effect is better.
- the infrared burner 210 of the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application further improves the heating effect by using SiC as the porous medium material.
- the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application adopts an infrared burner with "porous medium combustion" technology as the core.
- a plurality of infrared burners 210 are staggeredly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller 101 along the traveling direction of the glass.
- each infrared burner 210 in the upper furnace body and each infrared burner 210 in the lower furnace body are staggered with each other in the traveling direction of the glass.
- the heating uniformity can be improved.
- an airflow stirring device 220 is further provided in the heating section furnace body 200 , and the airflow stirring device 220 and the infrared burner 210 are spaced apart along the traveling direction of the glass.
- the present application sets an airflow stirring device 220 in the heating section furnace body 200 to cooperate with the infrared burner 210.
- the airflow stirring device 220 is arranged at intervals from the infrared burner 210.
- the airflow stirring device 220 can stir the flue gas in the furnace, on the one hand, to avoid the local concentration of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace, resulting in uneven furnace temperature; on the other hand, the stirred flue gas flows at a certain speed on the glass surface, increasing the convective heat transfer.
- the main structure of the heating section furnace body 200 is shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , and the infrared burners 210 are arranged staggered in the direction of glass travel to avoid uneven temperature field caused by heat concentration.
- the heating section furnace body 200 is divided into 4 zones, each zone is equipped with an air flow stirring device 220.
- the infrared burners 210 are arranged on both sides.
- a plurality of air ducts 310 are provided in the soaking section furnace body 300 to generate horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- Glass “tempering” includes the process of "heating” and "cooling". If the uniformity of the glass surface temperature is not well guaranteed before the glass enters the rapid cooling process, it will cause serious quality problems in the rapid cooling process.
- infrared radiation is that it cannot ensure uniform radiation of the entire surface of the glass object, resulting in a projection of the intensity distribution of the infrared radiation source on the glass surface to be heated.
- the heating section furnace body 200 is provided with an air flow stirring device 220 to alleviate the uneven temperature of the glass surface during the heating stage, it is still a certain distance away from the high standard uniformity requirement.
- forced convection has a relatively serious impact on the "porous medium burner" due to the high-speed airflow in the furnace for gas direct-fired heating.
- the thermal conductivity of glass is very low. If you want to achieve temperature uniformity of glass within a specified time while meeting production capacity, you must find a way to increase the convective heat transfer efficiency/capacity. For airflow uniform heating technology, if you want to ensure the temperature uniformity of the product, you must meet one of the following two conditions:
- the airflow is sufficiently turbulent
- a sufficiently turbulent airflow requires a powerful fan to ensure it, and this airflow is not conducive to the stability of thin glass on the drive roller 101.
- the impurities in the insulation material and the furnace will be spread all over the furnace and the glass surface under the influence of the turbulent airflow, resulting in uncontrollable problems in the surface quality of the glass.
- the forced convection of the "horizontal parallel airflow" is introduced into the soaking section furnace body 300 after the heating section furnace body 200, which is equivalent to the final heating + temperature adjustment process, and the power required is much less than the power of the heating section, which requires the power output of the heater to respond quickly and be continuously adjustable.
- the heat source of the soaking section furnace body 300 is an electric heating tube integrated box, and the electric heating integrated box is integrally inserted into the air duct.
- the soaking section furnace body 300 is divided into a plurality of sections in total.
- it is divided into 4 sections in the figure, and an independent air duct 310 is provided in each section.
- the above-mentioned air duct 310 includes a centrifugal fan 311 and an air duct body 312; the centrifugal fan 311 is used to rotate to inhale wind, and throw out wind so that the wind flows in the air duct body 312, and blows out from the gap between the drive rollers 101, horizontally and parallelly passing over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, completing heat exchange with the glass.
- the equalizing section furnace body 300 also includes a heater 320, which is used to heat the wind that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the wind heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan 311 again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct body 312 to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- a heater 320 which is used to heat the wind that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the wind heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan 311 again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct body 312 to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- the soaking section furnace body 300 has a total of 4 independently controlled air ducts, namely the first soaking section air duct 350, the second soaking section air duct 360, the third soaking section air duct 370, and the fourth soaking section air duct 380.
- the cross section of a single air duct in the width direction of the furnace body is shown in FIG10.
- the centrifugal fan 311 rotates at a high speed, and the wind is sucked in from the bottom opening of the impeller of the centrifugal fan 311 and thrown out from the tangential direction.
- the wind flows in the air duct body 312, blows out from the gap between the adjacent transmission rollers 101, and passes horizontally and parallelly over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- the wind blown out of each section of the air duct can cover the glass surface passing through the section and complete heat exchange with the glass.
- the temperature of the wind that completes the heat exchange is reduced, and after being heated by the heater 320 in the soaking section furnace body 300, it reaches the specified temperature again. In fact, the temperature distribution of the wind heated by the heater 320 in the soaking section furnace body 300 is uneven, and this uneven wind cannot be blown directly to the glass.
- the impeller of the centrifugal fan 311 also has a stirring function, which fully stirs and disperses the uneven wind after being heated by the heater 320 in the heat-saturating furnace body 300, so as to achieve temperature uniformity.
- the uniform wind is sent into the air duct body 312 again to complete the heating and temperature control of the glass.
- the soaking section furnace body 300 is divided into an upper soaking section furnace body 330 and a lower soaking section furnace body 340; the upper soaking section furnace body 330 is arranged above the driving roller 101, and the lower soaking section furnace body 340 is arranged below the driving roller 101.
- the centrifugal fan 311 and the air duct body 312 are respectively arranged in the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body of each section of the soaking section furnace body 300.
- the preheating section furnace body 100, the heating section furnace body 200 and the soaking section furnace body 300 By setting the preheating section furnace body 100, the heating section furnace body 200 and the soaking section furnace body 300 to be two-section, it is convenient to install or remove the drive roller 101 and maintain the equipment.
- the drive roller 101 can be a ceramic roller commonly used in the art.
- the above-mentioned preheating section furnace body 100, heating section furnace body 200 and soaking section furnace body 300 are all provided with a furnace body lifting device 400, and the furnace body lifting device 400 is connected to the upper furnace body for lifting the upper furnace body.
- Some embodiments of the present application provide a glass tempering method, which uses the glass tempering heating furnace provided by any of the aforementioned embodiments to temper the glass.
- using the glass tempering heating furnace provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments to temper glass includes the following steps:
- Step S1 manually (or by automated device) laying out the glass in a single layer on the side distribution table and placing the products;
- Step S2 the glass runs on the driving roller 101 and enters the preheating furnace body 100, where the product is preheated (the temperature is controlled within a certain range);
- Step S3 the glass starts to enter the heating section furnace body 200, the product temperature rises to 600-640°C, and after reaching the set temperature, the glass continues to operate at the set temperature;
- Step S4 the glass enters the equalizing furnace body 300 from the heating furnace body 200, and the circulating gas passes over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to heat the glass and make the temperature uniform.
- the gas that has completed the heat exchange with the relatively low temperature and non-uniform temperature glass is circulated to the heater, and the temperature is raised and supplemented by the heating in the heater. After the strong stirring of the centrifugal fan impeller, the temperature of the non-homogenized gas is uniformized. After the action of the centrifugal fan and the air duct, it is blown to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass again.
- the glass After the temperature is raised and the temperature is uniform, the glass can enter the next process.
- the present application relates to the field of glass tempering, and to a glass tempering heating furnace.
- the heating furnace includes a preheating section furnace body, a heating section furnace body, and a soaking section furnace body.
- the preheating section furnace body is divided into multiple sections, each section is provided with a smoke extraction port and a smoke injection interface; the smoke extraction port is used to extract the smoke from the preheating section; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the furnace body;
- the heating section furnace body is provided with multiple infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; the smoke from the heating section furnace body is extracted through the smoke extraction port of the preheating section, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating section furnace body through the smoke injection interface;
- the soaking section furnace body is provided with multiple air ducts for generating horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- the heating furnace of the present application can heat the glass quickly and evenly. It is not only suitable for the tempering
- the glass tempering heating furnace of the present application is reproducible and can be used in a variety of industrial applications.
- the glass tempering heating furnace of the present application can be used in the field of glass tempering.
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Abstract
The present application relates to the field of glass tempering, and relates to a glass tempering heating furnace. The heating furnace comprises a preheating section furnace body, a heating section furnace body, and a soaking section furnace body. In an advancing direction of glass, the preheating section furnace body is divided into multiple sections, and each section is provided with a smoke extraction port and a smoke injection interface; the smoke extraction port is used for extracting smoke of the preheating section; the smoke injection interface is used for feeding the extracted smoke into the furnace body; the heating section furnace body is provided with a plurality of infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; smoke of the heating section furnace body is extracted by means of the smoke extraction port of the preheating section, and the extracted smoke is fed into the preheating section furnace body by means of the smoke injection interface; a plurality of air ducts are arranged in the soaking section furnace body and are used for generating horizontally parallel airflow on the upper surface and the lower surface of the glass. The heating furnace in the present application can quickly and uniformly heat glass, can be suitable for tempering heating of common glass, and is particularly suitable for tempering requirements for coated glass and Low-E glass.
Description
相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本申请要求于2022年11月01日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202211358216.6、名称为“玻璃钢化加热炉”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202211358216.6 and name “Glass Tempering Heating Furnace” filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 1, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.
本申请涉及玻璃钢化领域,具体而言,涉及一种玻璃钢化加热炉。The present application relates to the field of glass tempering, and in particular to a glass tempering heating furnace.
玻璃作为一种透明或半透明的非晶体材料,在传热过程中表现出独特的性能。玻璃具有近程有序、远程无序的结构。玻璃对可见光和红外光是透明或半透明的,当其接受到外界热量时,内部产生较高频率的电磁辐射能,这种传热过程称为光子导热。透明玻璃在室温下的光子导热占总传热的10%左右,随着温度升高,光子导热的作用增大,玻璃内部发生容积辐射。As a transparent or translucent amorphous material, glass exhibits unique properties in the heat transfer process. Glass has a structure that is ordered in the short range and disordered in the long range. Glass is transparent or translucent to visible light and infrared light. When it receives external heat, it generates higher frequency electromagnetic radiation energy inside. This heat transfer process is called photon heat conduction. Photon heat conduction of transparent glass at room temperature accounts for about 10% of the total heat transfer. As the temperature rises, the effect of photon heat conduction increases, and volume radiation occurs inside the glass.
普通透明玻璃具有很高的辐射率,能很好的吸收热辐射能。在普通玻璃的表面镀上具有低辐射性能的薄膜,就能制成Low-E玻璃。Low-E玻璃最显著的特性是对远红外辐射反射率高,对近红外辐射发射率低,对可见光透过率高。意味着在建筑物使用Low-E玻璃后,阳光中的可见光部分可透过,起到采光作用,而能产生热效应的大部分红外辐射被挡在窗外。由于Low-E玻璃表面改性,在钢化加热过程中会引起很多技术问题。Ordinary transparent glass has a high emissivity and can absorb thermal radiation energy very well. Low-E glass can be made by coating the surface of ordinary glass with a film with low emissivity. The most notable characteristics of Low-E glass are high reflectivity for far-infrared radiation, low emissivity for near-infrared radiation, and high transmittance for visible light. This means that after Low-E glass is used in a building, the visible light part of the sunlight can be transmitted, playing a role in lighting, while most of the infrared radiation that can produce thermal effects is blocked outside the window. Due to the surface modification of Low-E glass, many technical problems will arise during the tempering and heating process.
相比于普通玻璃,钢化玻璃属于安全玻璃。钢化玻璃其实是一种预应力玻璃,为提高玻璃的强度,通常使用化学或物理的方法,在玻璃表面形成压应力,玻璃承受外力时首先抵消表层应力,从而提高了承载能力,增强玻璃自身抗风压性,寒暑性,冲击性等。Compared with ordinary glass, tempered glass is a safety glass. Tempered glass is actually a prestressed glass. In order to improve the strength of the glass, chemical or physical methods are usually used to form compressive stress on the glass surface. When the glass is subjected to external force, the surface stress is first offset, thereby improving the bearing capacity and enhancing the glass's own resistance to wind pressure, cold and heat, impact, etc.
玻璃的钢化分为“物理钢化”和“化学钢化”。Glass tempering is divided into "physical tempering" and "chemical tempering".
物理钢化,它是将普通平板玻璃在加热炉中加热到接近玻璃的软化温度(600℃)时,通过自身的形变消除内部应力,然后将玻璃移出加热炉,再用多头喷嘴将高压冷空气吹向玻璃的两面,使其迅速且均匀地冷却至室温,即可制得钢化玻璃。Physical tempering is a process in which ordinary flat glass is heated in a heating furnace to a temperature close to the softening temperature of the glass (600°C), and its internal stress is eliminated through its own deformation. The glass is then removed from the heating furnace and high-pressure cold air is blown to both sides of the glass with a multi-head nozzle to cool it quickly and evenly to room temperature, thereby producing tempered glass.
化学钢化,它是通过改变玻璃的表面的化学组成来提高玻璃的强度,一般是应用离子交换法进行钢化。其方法是将含有碱金属离子的硅酸盐玻璃,浸入到熔融状态的锂(Li
+)盐中,使玻璃表层的Na
+或K
+离子与Li
+离子发生交换,表面形成Li
+离子交换层,由于Li
+的膨胀系数小于Na
+、K
+离子,从而在冷却过程中造成外层收缩较小而内层收缩较大,当冷却到常温后,玻璃便同样处于内层受拉,外层受压的状态,其效果类似于物理钢化玻璃。
Chemical tempering improves the strength of glass by changing the chemical composition of the glass surface. It is generally tempered by ion exchange. The method is to immerse silicate glass containing alkali metal ions into molten lithium (Li + ) salt, so that the Na + or K + ions on the surface of the glass are exchanged with Li + ions, and a Li + ion exchange layer is formed on the surface. Since the expansion coefficient of Li + is smaller than that of Na + and K + ions, the outer layer shrinks less and the inner layer shrinks more during the cooling process. When cooled to room temperature, the glass is also in a state where the inner layer is under tension and the outer layer is under compression. The effect is similar to that of physical tempered glass.
本申请中所论述的是物理钢化所涉及的设备——钢化加热炉。The present application discusses the equipment involved in physical tempering, namely, a tempering heating furnace.
从传热的角度,玻璃在钢化炉内的加热过程所涉及的传热过程有“辐射传热”,“对流传热”和“热传导”。From the perspective of heat transfer, the heat transfer processes involved in the heating process of glass in the tempering furnace include "radiation heat transfer", "convection heat transfer" and "heat conduction".
辐射传热:辐射是无处不在的,一块冷的玻璃进入玻璃钢化炉的加热炉后,各种加热元件、炉壁保温材料、陶瓷辊道都发出辐射热来加热玻璃。波对于被加热物体,有“吸收+穿透”两种形式,只有吸收才能加热物体。从玻璃的光谱曲线来看,由于成分的原因,导致在红外透过曲线上表现为“波峰波谷”形式,并不是一条直线,对应着“波谷”就是玻 璃能够吸收的波长范围,且能够吸收的波长并不是一种。Radiative heat transfer: Radiation is everywhere. When a piece of cold glass enters the heating furnace of the glass tempering furnace, various heating elements, furnace wall insulation materials, and ceramic rollers all emit radiant heat to heat the glass. Waves have two forms of "absorption + penetration" for the heated object. Only absorption can heat the object. From the spectral curve of the glass, due to the composition, the infrared transmission curve is in the form of "peaks and valleys", not a straight line. The corresponding "valley" is the wavelength range that the glass can absorb, and the wavelength that can be absorbed is not one.
图12仅仅是某一种玻璃的红外透过曲线,不同种类的玻璃其曲线是不同的。这就要求玻璃在钢化加热过程中,其热源向外辐射波的波长应该是一种“宽幅”波,尽可能地覆盖不同种类玻璃所对应的吸收波长。实际上也就要求热源的温度既能很高,同时也能比较低(相比于电阻丝)。Figure 12 is only the infrared transmission curve of a certain type of glass. Different types of glass have different curves. This requires that during the tempering and heating process of the glass, the wavelength of the wave radiated outward by the heat source should be a "wide-band" wave, covering the absorption wavelengths corresponding to different types of glass as much as possible. In fact, it also requires that the temperature of the heat source can be both very high and relatively low (compared to the resistance wire).
对流传热:在钢化玻璃生产过程中,存在以下几种对流传热方式。Convective heat transfer: In the production process of tempered glass, there are several types of convection heat transfer.
1、自然对流:当炉内存在温度差时,空气自然流动。冷玻璃进入加热炉,玻璃下表面存在自然对流加热,玻璃上表面由于冷空气形成气屏。若没有强制对流,自然对流加热影响很小。块状平板玻璃四边的自然对流影响明显,一般会造成玻璃“热边”,使玻璃边部温度过高,从而影响玻璃的光学成像质量;1. Natural convection: When there is a temperature difference in the furnace, the air flows naturally. When cold glass enters the heating furnace, the lower surface of the glass is heated by natural convection, and the upper surface of the glass forms an air screen due to the cold air. If there is no forced convection, the effect of natural convection heating is very small. The natural convection on the four sides of block flat glass has a significant effect, which generally causes the "hot edge" of the glass, making the edge temperature of the glass too high, thus affecting the optical imaging quality of the glass;
2、装有热平衡管的强制对流:一般加热炉内靠近加热元件的地方都有热平衡气管,气管内的压缩空气经加热变成热空气,直接吹在玻璃上下表面。热平衡气体一方面强制对流加热玻璃,另一方面也使加热炉内温度均匀;但在玻璃处于高温软化状态时,带有一定速度和压力的气流会在软化状态的玻璃表面形成“纹路”,这也是这种强制对流的缺点;2. Forced convection with heat balance pipe: Generally, there is a heat balance air pipe near the heating element in the heating furnace. The compressed air in the air pipe is heated to become hot air and blown directly on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass. The heat balance gas heats the glass by forced convection on the one hand, and makes the temperature in the heating furnace uniform on the other hand; but when the glass is in a high-temperature softening state, the airflow with a certain speed and pressure will form "grain" on the surface of the softened glass, which is also the disadvantage of this forced convection;
3、作为主要加热方式的强制对流:燃气加热炉和气垫式加热炉都把强制对流作为主要加热方式之一。随着可钢化Low-E玻璃的市场应用快速推广,采用高温风机或压缩空气的强制对流加热炉也得以发展。采用强制对流加热方式,可以缩短玻璃加热时间,提高生产效率,使玻璃温度更为均匀,提高产品质量。3. Forced convection as the main heating method: Both gas heating furnaces and air cushion heating furnaces use forced convection as one of the main heating methods. With the rapid promotion of the market application of tempered Low-E glass, forced convection heating furnaces using high-temperature fans or compressed air have also been developed. The use of forced convection heating can shorten the glass heating time, improve production efficiency, make the glass temperature more uniform, and improve product quality.
热传导:玻璃上表面不接触炉内元件,只有下表面接触陶瓷辊道。陶瓷辊道以石英为主要材料,通过添加辅助材料制造而成,其热膨胀系数几乎为0,导热系数也很低。陶瓷辊道与玻璃的接触面积很小(理论上是线接触),所以热传导在整个传热过程中不是主要方式,玻璃在加热炉内吸收的热量只有不到10%来自热传导。但是冷态玻璃进入到炉内的初期,冷态玻璃的下表面与高温的陶瓷辊接触,会导致玻璃的上翘和抖动,这一点需要注意。Heat conduction: The upper surface of the glass does not contact the components in the furnace, only the lower surface contacts the ceramic roller. The ceramic roller is made of quartz as the main material and is made by adding auxiliary materials. Its thermal expansion coefficient is almost 0 and its thermal conductivity is also very low. The contact area between the ceramic roller and the glass is very small (theoretically it is line contact), so heat conduction is not the main method in the entire heat transfer process. Less than 10% of the heat absorbed by the glass in the heating furnace comes from heat conduction. However, in the early stage of the cold glass entering the furnace, the lower surface of the cold glass contacts the high-temperature ceramic roller, which will cause the glass to warp and shake. This needs to be noted.
目前,行业内辐射型钢化炉加热玻璃时,其热源来自炉顶和炉底的电热元件,电热元件通常是镍铬电阻丝。电热元件有两种装入形式,一是被装入金属管内,以辐射管的形式辐射热量;二是套装在耐热陶瓷管上,电阻丝直接向炉内辐射热量。玻璃通常平放在以耐热陶瓷为主要成分制成的传动辊上,通过辊的转动被送入炉内。为了能钢化大尺寸的平板玻璃,炉内电热元件一般尽可能的排满炉顶和炉底。玻璃在室温下被送入炉内时,受到电热元件的辐射传热和传动辊对所接触玻璃的导热。由于炉温一般在700℃左右,传动辊的温度较高,玻璃通过导热得到较大的热量,使得玻璃下表面温度高于上表面温度,在玻璃板的厚度方向造成不均匀温度分布,玻璃发生弯曲、边部上翘。此时,重力集中在玻璃板中部,形成辊印。不均匀加热还会引起玻璃的中心部位出现白斑,在钢化夹层玻璃的基片时,这一问题就更为严重。At present, when the radiation tempering furnace in the industry heats the glass, its heat source comes from the electric heating elements on the top and bottom of the furnace, which are usually nickel-chromium resistance wires. There are two ways to install the electric heating elements. One is to be installed in a metal tube to radiate heat in the form of a radiation tube; the other is to be mounted on a heat-resistant ceramic tube, and the resistance wire directly radiates heat into the furnace. The glass is usually placed flat on a transmission roller made of heat-resistant ceramic as the main component, and is sent into the furnace by the rotation of the roller. In order to temper large-sized flat glass, the electric heating elements in the furnace are generally arranged as full as possible on the top and bottom of the furnace. When the glass is sent into the furnace at room temperature, it is subjected to the radiation heat transfer of the electric heating elements and the heat conduction of the transmission roller to the contacted glass. Since the furnace temperature is generally around 700℃, the temperature of the transmission roller is relatively high, and the glass obtains a large amount of heat through heat conduction, making the temperature of the lower surface of the glass higher than the temperature of the upper surface, causing uneven temperature distribution in the thickness direction of the glass plate, and the glass bends and the edges are upturned. At this time, gravity is concentrated in the middle of the glass plate, forming a roller mark. Uneven heating can also cause white spots to appear in the center of the glass, a problem that is more serious when tempering the substrate of laminated glass.
Low-E玻璃是在普通玻璃的单侧表面进行镀膜。钢化时为了避免辊道对镀膜层的损伤,镀膜表面朝上被送入钢化炉。从传热的角度分析,为保证玻璃被加热均匀,要求加热时通过玻璃上、下表面向玻璃内部的传热速率保持一致。电加热元件主要通过辐射方式对Low-E玻璃加热,其红外辐射投射到物体上会产生明显的热效应,是热射线的主要组成部分。Low-E玻璃的辐射率不均衡,玻璃的下表面具有很高的辐射率,为0.90左右。在吸收大量热后,下表面温度升高,有效导热系数增大,使热量进一步向内部传递。而镀膜一侧辐射率一般在0.10~0.23,镀膜层反射了大量的红外辐射能,使热辐射不易从镀膜表面传递到玻 璃内部。Low-E glass is coated on one side of ordinary glass. In order to avoid damage to the coating layer by the roller during tempering, the coated surface is sent into the tempering furnace with the coating facing up. From the perspective of heat transfer, in order to ensure that the glass is heated evenly, the heat transfer rate from the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to the inside of the glass is required to be consistent during heating. The electric heating element mainly heats the Low-E glass by radiation. Its infrared radiation projected onto the object will produce a significant thermal effect and is the main component of heat rays. The emissivity of Low-E glass is uneven, and the lower surface of the glass has a very high emissivity of about 0.90. After absorbing a large amount of heat, the temperature of the lower surface rises, and the effective thermal conductivity increases, allowing the heat to be further transferred to the inside. The emissivity on the coated side is generally between 0.10 and 0.23. The coating layer reflects a large amount of infrared radiation energy, making it difficult for thermal radiation to be transferred from the coated surface to the inside of the glass.
目前行业内,为了均匀地加热玻璃表面,必须用加热元件完全覆盖玻璃的表面。这种表面加热方法的特点是需要向被加热的物体表面或表面附近层施加热源的至少50%的热量。传统的加热方法存在着局限性。比如采用铬铝钴金属丝的电阻丝加热,在1000℃时加热器壁面的最大负荷仅能达到60kW/㎡,但是全面的黑色辐射器在同一温度下辐射的功率密度可达到149kW/㎡。传统的电阻丝加热,加热器排布极其密,这种布置将会缩短加热元件的使用寿命。Currently in the industry, in order to evenly heat the glass surface, the surface of the glass must be completely covered with heating elements. This surface heating method is characterized by the need to apply at least 50% of the heat of the heat source to the surface of the heated object or the layer near the surface. Traditional heating methods have limitations. For example, using chromium-aluminum-cobalt metal wire resistance wire heating, the maximum load of the heater wall can only reach 60kW/㎡ at 1000℃, but the power density radiated by the full black radiator at the same temperature can reach 149kW/㎡. In traditional resistance wire heating, the heaters are arranged extremely densely, and this arrangement will shorten the service life of the heating element.
在玻璃加热过程中,传统的电加热发热体镍铬合金最高发热温度1150℃,铁铬合金最高发热温度1400℃。考虑到炉温和成本,目前行业内大部分使用以镍铬合金为材质制成的电加热发热体。通过热源温度和辐射的波长之间的对应关系来看,发热温度1150℃向外辐射的波长为2.04微米。考虑到炉温和玻璃钢化温度,电加热钢化炉内的电阻丝发热温度是低于1150℃的,通常在800~900℃之间,对应的热源辐射波长为2.47~2.7微米,这种波长实际上比较窄,不是所有玻璃的吸收波长处于2.47~2.7微米之间。During the glass heating process, the maximum heating temperature of the traditional electric heating element nickel-chromium alloy is 1150℃, and the maximum heating temperature of iron-chromium alloy is 1400℃. Considering the furnace temperature and cost, most of the electric heating elements in the industry are made of nickel-chromium alloy. According to the corresponding relationship between the heat source temperature and the wavelength of radiation, the wavelength of the outward radiation at the heating temperature of 1150℃ is 2.04 microns. Considering the furnace temperature and the glass tempering temperature, the heating temperature of the resistance wire in the electric heating tempering furnace is lower than 1150℃, usually between 800 and 900℃, and the corresponding heat source radiation wavelength is 2.47 to 2.7 microns. This wavelength is actually relatively narrow, and not all glass absorption wavelengths are between 2.47 and 2.7 microns.
目前行业内逐渐开始使用一种红外辐射器来均匀加热透明玻璃来提高玻璃加热速度、缩短加热时间。但是这种方法存在的缺点是不能保证均匀的辐射玻璃物体的整个表面,造成需要被加热的玻璃表面上形成红外辐射源的强度分布的投影。At present, the industry has gradually begun to use an infrared radiator to uniformly heat transparent glass to increase the glass heating speed and shorten the heating time. However, the disadvantage of this method is that it cannot ensure uniform radiation of the entire surface of the glass object, resulting in a projection of the intensity distribution of the infrared radiation source on the glass surface to be heated.
为了解决上述问题,玻璃工业界在钢化炉中引入了“强制对流换热技术”。辊道式钢化炉内增加上部强制对流对玻璃的对称加热是有好处的。而且对Low-E玻璃,由于镀膜的存在大大增加加热时间,而增加强制对流可缩短加热时间和降低炉膛温度,对减少膜层的损失、提高生产效率大有好处。下部增加强制对流是没有必要的,本来辊道式钢化炉由于不可避免的辊道传热及下部的自然对流,都使下部加热过快,玻璃上翘形成中间白雾。更主要是中部加热过快,当玻璃中心加热至钢化温度时,而下表面已过热、过软,使玻璃下表面产生麻点或辊道痕迹,这是比较头疼的事。如果下部增加强制对流使得这一矛盾更加突出。In order to solve the above problems, the glass industry has introduced "forced convection heat exchange technology" in the tempering furnace. Adding forced convection in the upper part of the roller tempering furnace is beneficial to the symmetrical heating of the glass. Moreover, for Low-E glass, the presence of the coating greatly increases the heating time, while adding forced convection can shorten the heating time and reduce the furnace temperature, which is very beneficial to reducing the loss of the film layer and improving production efficiency. It is unnecessary to add forced convection in the lower part. Originally, the roller tempering furnace, due to the inevitable roller heat transfer and natural convection in the lower part, heats the lower part too quickly, and the glass warps up to form white fog in the middle. More importantly, the middle part is heated too quickly. When the center of the glass is heated to the tempering temperature, the lower surface is overheated and too soft, causing pitting or roller marks on the lower surface of the glass, which is a headache. If forced convection is added to the lower part, this contradiction will be more prominent.
然而,目前玻璃钢化,尤其是镀膜玻璃和Low-E玻璃钢化,仍存在玻璃进入到炉内初期,玻璃下表面温度上升过快,玻璃上表面温度上升过慢导致的玻璃上翘和抖动问题;以及传统电加热钢化炉的发热体极端密布导致的寿命过短和加热速度偏慢的问题;以及目前钢化炉引入的红外辐射加热技术带来的加热不均匀现象,能耗高等问题。However, current glass tempering, especially coated glass and Low-E glass tempering, still has problems such as glass warping and shaking due to the rapid rise in temperature of the lower surface of the glass and the slow rise in temperature of the upper surface of the glass in the early stage of entering the furnace; the extremely dense distribution of heating elements in traditional electric heating tempering furnaces leads to a short lifespan and slow heating speed; and the infrared radiation heating technology currently introduced in tempering furnaces causes uneven heating and high energy consumption.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本申请实施例的目的在于提供一种玻璃钢化加热炉。The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a glass tempering heating furnace.
本申请提供一种玻璃钢化加热炉,包括:The present application provides a glass tempering heating furnace, comprising:
预热段炉体,具有进料口,进料口处设置有总排烟口;沿玻璃的行进方向,预热段炉体分为多段,每段均设置有抽烟口和烟气喷射接口;抽烟口用于抽取预热段的烟气;烟气喷射接口用于将抽取的烟气送入炉体;The preheating furnace body has a feed inlet, and a main smoke exhaust port is arranged at the feed inlet; along the traveling direction of the glass, the preheating furnace body is divided into multiple sections, and each section is provided with a smoke extraction port and a smoke injection interface; the smoke extraction port is used to extract the smoke from the preheating section; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the furnace body;
加热段炉体,加热段炉体设置有多个红外燃烧器,红外燃烧器为多孔介质燃烧器;通过抽烟口抽取加热段炉体的烟气,并将抽取的烟气通过烟气喷射接口送入预热段炉体。The heating section furnace body is provided with a plurality of infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; the smoke from the heating section furnace body is extracted through the smoke extraction port, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating section furnace body through the smoke injection interface.
将加热段的烟气排烟口前移到预热段进料口位置,一方面构建烟气从加热段往预热段移动的宏观流动,同时作为预热段热量的来源;另一方面,将排烟口与加热段分开一定的距离,降低了烟气排烟对加热段温度场的影响。通过设置预热段炉体,一方面将加热段炉体的烟气进行二次利用;另一方面依靠抽烟口抽取、烟气喷射接口送回烟气,实现对预热 段炉体内玻璃的阶梯升温。同时,作为冷源的玻璃持续进入预热段炉体,预热段炉体的传动辊的温度将会远远低于加热段炉体的传动辊的温度。本申请预热段炉体的热量来自于加热段炉体的烟气,这样,就能很好的避免由于传动辊温度过高而导致的玻璃进入加热炉初期上下表面温度差异过大导致的变形(上翘)和抖动。可选地,加热段炉体采用以红外辐射为主的多孔介质燃烧技术,构建了宽波幅的红外加热段,实现了对玻璃快速、均匀加热。The smoke exhaust port of the heating section is moved forward to the position of the feed port of the preheating section. On the one hand, the macroscopic flow of smoke from the heating section to the preheating section is constructed, and at the same time, it serves as the source of heat for the preheating section; on the other hand, the smoke exhaust port is separated from the heating section by a certain distance, which reduces the influence of smoke exhaust on the temperature field of the heating section. By setting up the preheating section furnace body, on the one hand, the smoke of the heating section furnace body is reused; on the other hand, the smoke is extracted by the smoke extraction port and sent back by the smoke injection interface, so as to realize the step-by-step heating of the glass in the preheating section furnace body. At the same time, the glass as a cold source continues to enter the preheating section furnace body, and the temperature of the drive roller of the preheating section furnace body will be much lower than that of the drive roller of the heating section furnace body. The heat of the preheating section furnace body of the present application comes from the smoke of the heating section furnace body, so that the deformation (upward) and shaking caused by the large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the glass when it enters the heating furnace due to the excessively high temperature of the drive roller can be well avoided. Optionally, the heating section furnace body adopts a porous medium combustion technology based on infrared radiation to construct a wide-band infrared heating section, so as to achieve rapid and uniform heating of the glass.
本申请的玻璃钢化加热炉,不仅能够适用于普通玻璃的钢化加热,尤其更适用于镀膜玻璃和Low-E玻璃的钢化要求。The glass tempering heating furnace of the present application is not only applicable to the tempering heating of ordinary glass, but is especially suitable for the tempering requirements of coated glass and Low-E glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,预热段炉体内,沿玻璃行进方向,在传动辊的上下侧均可以设置有多个烟气喷射风刀,且上下侧的多个烟气喷射风刀、多个传动辊三者在高度方向错开布置;烟气喷射接口用于将抽取的烟气送入多个烟气喷射风刀。In other embodiments of the present application, in the preheating section furnace body, multiple flue gas injection air knives can be arranged on the upper and lower sides of the drive roller along the direction of glass travel, and the multiple flue gas injection air knives on the upper and lower sides and the multiple drive rollers are staggered in the height direction; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the multiple smoke gas injection air knives.
在本申请的其他实施例中,多个烟气喷射风刀的出风口的口径可以收缩。In other embodiments of the present application, the diameters of the air outlets of the multiple smoke injection air knives can be shrunk.
在本申请的其他实施例中,预热段炉体内可以设置有增量器,增量器具有文丘里管结构的通道,通道连接于多个烟气喷射风刀的出风口。In other embodiments of the present application, an incrementer may be provided in the preheating furnace body, the incrementer having a channel of a venturi tube structure, and the channel is connected to the air outlets of a plurality of flue gas injection air knives.
在本申请的其他实施例中,沿玻璃行进方向,多个红外燃烧器在传动辊的上下侧错开布置。In other embodiments of the present application, a plurality of infrared burners are staggeredly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller along the traveling direction of the glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,加热段炉体的红外燃烧器可以是具有多孔介质材料的燃烧部件。In other embodiments of the present application, the infrared burner of the heating section furnace body may be a combustion component having a porous medium material.
在本申请的其他实施例中,多孔介质材料可以为SiC材料,其中,SiC材料的辐射率为0.9。In other embodiments of the present application, the porous medium material may be a SiC material, wherein the emissivity of the SiC material is 0.9.
在本申请的其他实施例中,加热段炉体内还可以设置有气流搅拌装置,沿玻璃行进方向,气流搅拌装置与红外燃烧器间隔设置。In other embodiments of the present application, an airflow stirring device may be further provided in the heating section furnace body, and the airflow stirring device and the infrared burner may be spaced apart along the traveling direction of the glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,玻璃钢化加热炉还可以包括:均热段炉体;沿玻璃的行进方向,均热段炉体设置在加热段炉体之后;均热段炉体内设置有多个风道,用于在玻璃上下表面产生水平平行的气流。In other embodiments of the present application, the glass tempering heating furnace may further include: a soaking section furnace body; the soaking section furnace body is arranged behind the heating section furnace body along the traveling direction of the glass; and a plurality of air ducts are arranged in the soaking section furnace body for generating horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,多个风道可以为四个独立控制的风道,其中,四个独立控制的风道为第一风道、第二风道、第三风道和第四风道。In other embodiments of the present application, the plurality of air ducts may be four independently controlled air ducts, wherein the four independently controlled air ducts are a first air duct, a second air duct, a third air duct and a fourth air duct.
均热段炉体通过设置用于在玻璃上下表面产生水平平行的气流的风道,实现了强制对流,通过气流的对流换热来保证进入到急冷工序玻璃的温度均匀性。The furnace body of the soaking section realizes forced convection by setting up air ducts for generating horizontal parallel airflow on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, and ensures the temperature uniformity of the glass entering the rapid cooling process through the convection heat exchange of the airflow.
在本申请的其他实施例中,风道可以包括离心风机、风道本体;离心风机用于旋转使风吸入,并将风甩出使风在风道本体内流动,并从传动辊之间的缝隙吹出,水平平行地掠过玻璃上下表面,与玻璃完成热交换。In other embodiments of the present application, the air duct may include a centrifugal fan and an air duct body; the centrifugal fan is used to rotate to suck in wind, and to throw out wind so that the wind flows in the air duct body and is blown out from the gaps between the drive rollers, horizontally and parallely passing over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, completing heat exchange with the glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,均热段炉体还可以包括加热器,加热器用于将完成热交换的风进行加热至预设温度;加热至预设温度的风再次被离心风机吸入,搅拌均匀后,从风道吹出至玻璃上下表面。In other embodiments of the present application, the equalizing section furnace body may further include a heater, which is used to heat the air that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the air heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
在本申请的其他实施例中,预热段炉体、加热段炉体以及均热段炉体可以均分为上部炉体和下部炉体;上部炉体设置在传动辊上方,下部炉体设置在传动辊下方。In other embodiments of the present application, the preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body can be equally divided into an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; the upper furnace body is arranged above the driving roller, and the lower furnace body is arranged below the driving roller.
在本申请的其他实施例中,预热段炉体、加热段炉体以及均热段炉体可以均设置有炉体提升装置,炉体提升装置连接于上部炉体,以用于提升上部炉体。In other embodiments of the present application, the preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body may all be provided with a furnace body lifting device, and the furnace body lifting device is connected to the upper furnace body for lifting the upper furnace body.
本申请提供了一种玻璃钢化方法,所述玻璃钢化方法采用根据本申请的实施例所述的玻璃钢化加热炉来实施对玻璃进行钢化处理,所述玻璃钢化方法包括:The present application provides a glass tempering method, wherein the glass tempering method uses a glass tempering heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present application to perform a tempering process on the glass, and the glass tempering method comprises:
玻璃在传动辊上运行,进入到预热段炉体,并且在预热段炉体完成产品预热;The glass runs on the transmission rollers and enters the preheating furnace body, where the product is preheated.
玻璃从所述预热段炉体进入到加热段炉体,产品温度上升到600-640℃,达到设定温度后玻璃保持在设定温度继续运行;The glass enters the heating section furnace from the preheating section furnace, and the product temperature rises to 600-640°C. After reaching the set temperature, the glass continues to operate at the set temperature;
玻璃从所述加热段炉体进入到所述均热段炉体,循环运行的气体从玻璃上下表面掠过,对玻璃进行加热和温度均匀化。The glass enters the soaking section furnace from the heating section furnace, and the circulating gas passes over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to heat the glass and make the temperature uniform.
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
图1为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的结构示意图;FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的预热段炉体的第一视角的结构示意图;FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;
图3为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的预热段炉体的第二视角的结构示意图;3 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;
图4为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的预热段炉体的第三视角的结构示意图;FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a preheating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a third perspective;
图5为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的预热段炉体的烟气喷射接口结构示意图;FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flue gas injection interface of the preheating section of the glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图6为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的预热段炉体的烟气喷射接口和增量器放大结构示意图;FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the flue gas injection interface and the incrementer of the preheating section of the glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图7为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的加热段炉体的第一视角的结构示意图;FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a first perspective;
图8为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的加热段炉体的第二视角的结构示意图;FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating section furnace body of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application from a second perspective;
图9为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的均热段炉体的结构示意图;FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a furnace body of a soaking section of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application;
图10为本申请实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉的均热段炉体的单个风道在炉体宽度方向的截面图;10 is a cross-sectional view of a single air duct of a furnace body of a soaking section of a glass tempering heating furnace provided in an embodiment of the present application in the width direction of the furnace body;
图11为本申请流场分析图;FIG11 is a flow field analysis diagram of the present application;
图12为某一种玻璃的红外透过曲线。FIG12 is an infrared transmission curve of a certain type of glass.
图标:10-玻璃钢化加热炉;20-玻璃;100-预热段炉体;101-传动辊;102-预热段上部炉体;103-预热段下部炉体;120-总排烟口;130-抽烟口;131-第一抽烟口;132-第二抽烟口;133-第三抽烟口;134-第四抽烟口;135-第五抽烟口;136-第六抽烟口;140-烟气喷射接口;141-第一烟气喷射接口;142-第二烟气喷射接口;143-第三烟气喷射接口;144-第四烟气喷射接口;150-烟气喷射风刀;151-上部炉体右侧风刀;152-上部炉体左侧风刀;153-出风口;160-增量器;161-文丘里管结构的通道;162-收缩段;163-缝隙;164-出口;200-加热段炉体;201-加热段上部炉体;202-加热段下部炉体;210-红外燃烧器;220-气流搅拌装置;300-均热段炉体;310-风道;311-离心风机;312-风道本体;320-加热器;330-均热段上部炉体;340-均热段下部炉体;350-第一风道;360-第二风道;370-第三风道、380-第四风道;400-炉体提升装置。Icons: 10-glass tempering heating furnace; 20-glass; 100-preheating furnace body; 101-driving roller; 102-preheating upper furnace body; 103-preheating lower furnace body; 120-main smoke exhaust port; 130-smoke exhaust port; 131-first smoke exhaust port; 132-second smoke exhaust port; 133-third smoke exhaust port; 134-fourth smoke exhaust port; 135-fifth smoke exhaust port; 136-sixth smoke exhaust port; 140-smoke injection interface; 141-first smoke injection interface; 142-second smoke injection interface; 143-third smoke injection interface; 144-fourth smoke injection interface; 150-smoke injection air knife; 151-air knife on the right side of the upper furnace body; 152- Wind knife on the left side of the upper furnace body; 153-air outlet; 160-increaser; 161-channel of the venturi tube structure; 162-contraction section; 163-gap; 164-exit; 200-heating section furnace body; 201-upper furnace body of the heating section; 202-lower furnace body of the heating section; 210-infrared burner; 220-air flow stirring device; 300-heating section furnace body; 310-air duct; 311-centrifugal fan; 312-air duct body; 320-heater; 330-upper furnace body of the heat-saturating section; 340-lower furnace body of the heat-saturating section; 350-first air duct; 360-second air duct; 370-third air duct, 380-fourth air duct; 400-furnace body lifting device.
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.
因此,以下对本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围,而 是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.
参照图1-图11,本申请实施方式提供一种玻璃钢化加热炉10,包括:沿玻璃行进方向依次设置的预热段炉体100、加热段炉体200以及均热段炉体300。1 to 11 , an embodiment of the present application provides a glass tempering heating furnace 10 , comprising: a preheating section furnace body 100 , a heating section furnace body 200 , and a soaking section furnace body 300 , which are sequentially arranged along the glass traveling direction.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,预热段炉体100具有进料口,靠近进料口处设置有总排烟口120。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the preheating stage furnace body 100 has a feed inlet, and a main smoke exhaust port 120 is arranged near the feed inlet.
相关技术中,通常将总排烟口设置在加热段,而本申请,将加热段的烟气排烟口前移到预热段进料口位置,一方面构建烟气从加热段往预热段移动,作为预热段热量的来源;另一方面降低了烟气排烟对加热段温度场的影响。In the related art, the main smoke exhaust port is usually set in the heating section, while in the present application, the smoke exhaust port of the heating section is moved forward to the feed port of the preheating section. On the one hand, the smoke is moved from the heating section to the preheating section as a source of heat for the preheating section; on the other hand, the influence of the smoke exhaust on the temperature field of the heating section is reduced.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,沿玻璃的行进方向,预热段炉体分为多段,每段均设置有抽烟口130和烟气喷射接口140;抽烟口130用于抽取预热段的烟气。通过抽烟口130抽取来自加热段炉体200的烟气,并将抽取的烟气通过烟气喷射接口140送入预热段炉体100。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the preheating furnace body is divided into multiple sections along the traveling direction of the glass, and each section is provided with a smoke extraction port 130 and a smoke injection interface 140; the smoke extraction port 130 is used to extract smoke from the preheating section. The smoke from the heating furnace body 200 is extracted through the smoke extraction port 130, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating furnace body 100 through the smoke injection interface 140.
目前行业内,玻璃钢化加热炉加热段产生的烟气,均是在炉子的进口处设置抽烟口,且外接烟囱,利用“烟囱效应”进行排烟。Currently in the industry, the flue gas generated by the heating section of the glass tempering heating furnace is exhausted by setting a smoke outlet at the inlet of the furnace and connecting an external chimney to the "chimney effect".
本申请通过在加热段炉体200前部引入预热段炉体100,将整套设备的总排烟口120设置在预热段的进口处,同时沿玻璃的行进方向,在预热段炉体100每段设置抽烟口130,可以利用风机将炉内烟气从各个抽烟口130抽出来,然后再通过每段的烟气喷射接口140,将抽取出来的烟气送入炉内,以此构建预热段炉体内的烟气内循环。从而能够实现炉内压力保持“微正压”的预设指标,进而实现炉内烟气的总体流向从加热段炉体200向预热段炉体100运动。The present application introduces the preheating furnace body 100 in front of the heating furnace body 200, sets the total smoke exhaust port 120 of the whole set of equipment at the entrance of the preheating furnace, and sets a smoke exhaust port 130 in each section of the preheating furnace body 100 along the direction of glass travel. The smoke in the furnace can be extracted from each smoke exhaust port 130 by a fan, and then the extracted smoke is sent into the furnace through the smoke injection interface 140 of each section, so as to construct the internal circulation of smoke in the preheating furnace body. In this way, the pressure in the furnace can be kept at the preset index of "micro positive pressure", and then the overall flow direction of the smoke in the furnace can be realized from the heating furnace body 200 to the preheating furnace body 100.
通过设置预热段炉体100,一方面将加热段炉体200的烟气进行二次利用;另一方面预热段炉体100分为多段,依靠抽烟口130抽取、烟气喷射接口140送回烟气,实现对预热段炉体100内玻璃的阶梯升温。同时,预热段炉体100的热量来自于加热段炉体200的烟气,再考虑到作为冷源的玻璃持续进入,预热段炉体100的传动辊101的温度将会远远低于加热段炉体200的传动辊101的温度。这样,就能很好的避免由于传动辊101温度过高而导致的玻璃进入加热炉初期上下表面温度差异过大导致的变形(上翘)和抖动。By setting up the preheating furnace body 100, on the one hand, the flue gas of the heating furnace body 200 is reused; on the other hand, the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into multiple sections, and the flue gas is extracted by the smoke outlet 130 and sent back by the flue gas injection interface 140, so as to realize the step-by-step heating of the glass in the preheating furnace body 100. At the same time, the heat of the preheating furnace body 100 comes from the flue gas of the heating furnace body 200. Considering the continuous entry of glass as a cold source, the temperature of the driving roller 101 of the preheating furnace body 100 will be much lower than the temperature of the driving roller 101 of the heating furnace body 200. In this way, the deformation (upward) and shaking caused by the large temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the glass at the initial stage of entering the heating furnace due to the excessively high temperature of the driving roller 101 can be well avoided.
相关技术中常规的玻璃钢化加热炉需要在加热段内解决玻璃初期受热不均导致的上翘和抖动,本申请的玻璃钢化加热炉10,与相关技术中的常规的玻璃钢化加热炉完全不相同,其创造性地单独设立预热段炉体100,将加热段的烟气作为热源,单独设立预热段,降低了预热段陶瓷辊棒的温度,以强制对流的形式对玻璃进行预热,解决了玻璃初期受热不均导致的上翘和抖动的问题。Conventional glass tempering heating furnaces in the related art need to solve the problem of warping and shaking of the glass caused by uneven heating of the glass in the initial stage in the heating section. The glass tempering heating furnace 10 of the present application is completely different from the conventional glass tempering heating furnace in the related art. It creatively sets up a separate preheating section furnace body 100, uses the flue gas in the heating section as a heat source, sets up a separate preheating section, reduces the temperature of the ceramic roller in the preheating section, and preheats the glass in the form of forced convection, thereby solving the problem of warping and shaking of the glass caused by uneven heating of the glass in the initial stage.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,上述的预热段炉体100沿玻璃的行进方向分为三段。预热段炉体100分为预热段上部炉体102和预热段下部炉体103。预热段上部炉体102设置在传动辊101上方,预热段下部炉体103设置在传动辊101下方。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into three sections along the traveling direction of the glass. The preheating furnace body 100 is divided into an upper preheating furnace body 102 and a lower preheating furnace body 103. The upper preheating furnace body 102 is arranged above the driving roller 101, and the lower preheating furnace body 103 is arranged below the driving roller 101.
参照图2-图3,预热段炉体100分为“上1#”段和“下1#”段,“上2#”段和“下2#”段,“上3#”和“下3#”段,总共6段。6段中,每段在炉体上设置有抽烟口130,利用风机将炉内烟气抽出来,然后再通过每段的烟气喷射接口140,将抽取出来的烟气送入炉内,以此构建预热段炉体100内的烟气内循环。2-3, the preheating furnace body 100 is divided into "upper 1#" and "lower 1#" sections, "upper 2#" and "lower 2#" sections, "upper 3#" and "lower 3#" sections, a total of 6 sections. In each of the 6 sections, a smoke extraction port 130 is provided on the furnace body, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by a fan, and then the extracted smoke is sent into the furnace through the smoke injection interface 140 of each section, thereby constructing the internal circulation of the smoke in the preheating furnace body 100.
示例性地,参照图2和图3,预热段炉体100中,上1#段设置第一抽烟口131、下1# 段设置第二抽烟口132、上2#段设置第三抽烟口133、下2#段设置第四抽烟口134、上3#段设置第五抽烟口135、下3#段设置第六抽烟口136。Exemplarily, referring to Figures 2 and 3, in the preheating section furnace body 100, the upper 1# section is provided with a first smoking port 131, the lower 1# section is provided with a second smoking port 132, the upper 2# section is provided with a third smoking port 133, the lower 2# section is provided with a fourth smoking port 134, the upper 3# section is provided with a fifth smoking port 135, and the lower 3# section is provided with a sixth smoking port 136.
可选地,以上1#段为例,该段的第一抽烟口131与烟气抽取风机抽风口相连,通过风机将炉内的烟气抽取出来,通过管道一分为二,分别送入上1#段的第一烟气喷射接口141和第二烟气喷射接口142。同理,下1#段设置的第二抽烟口132与烟气抽取风机抽风口相连,通过风机将炉内的烟气抽取出来,通过管道一分为二,分别送入下1#段的第三烟气喷射接口143和第四烟气喷射接口144。Optionally, taking the upper 1# section as an example, the first smoke extraction port 131 of the section is connected to the exhaust port of the smoke extraction fan, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by the fan, and is divided into two through the pipeline, and is respectively sent to the first smoke injection interface 141 and the second smoke injection interface 142 of the upper 1# section. Similarly, the second smoke extraction port 132 set in the lower 1# section is connected to the exhaust port of the smoke extraction fan, and the smoke in the furnace is extracted by the fan, and is divided into two through the pipeline, and is respectively sent to the third smoke injection interface 143 and the fourth smoke injection interface 144 of the lower 1# section.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,预热段炉体100内,沿玻璃行进方向,在传动辊101的上下侧均设置有多个烟气喷射风刀150,且上下侧的多个烟气喷射风刀150、多个传动辊101三者在高度方向错开布置;烟气喷射接口140用于将抽取的烟气送入多个烟气喷射风刀150。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the preheating section furnace body 100, along the direction of glass travel, a plurality of flue gas injection air knives 150 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the drive roller 101, and the multiple flue gas injection air knives 150 on the upper and lower sides and the multiple drive rollers 101 are staggered in the height direction; the flue gas injection interface 140 is used to deliver the extracted flue gas into the multiple flue gas injection air knives 150.
参照图2-图4,在图示的实施方式中,预热段炉体100内“上1#”段和“下1#”段,“上2#”段和“下2#”段,“上3#”和“下3#”段,6段中均设置有多个烟气喷射风刀150。2-4 , in the illustrated embodiment, multiple flue gas injection air knives 150 are provided in the six sections of the preheating furnace body 100, namely, the "upper 1#" section and the "lower 1#" section, the "upper 2#" section and the "lower 2#" section, and the "upper 3#" section and the "lower 3#" section.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,多个烟气喷射风刀150的出风口153的口径收缩。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the diameters of the air outlets 153 of the plurality of smoke injection air knives 150 are shrunk.
通过设置多个烟气喷射风刀150的出风口153的口径收缩,这种逐渐变小的结构,能够使得喷出的冷却介质(风)形成高流速、喷射态。By setting a plurality of flue gas jet air knives 150 with shrinking apertures of the air outlets 153 , this gradually decreasing structure can enable the ejected cooling medium (wind) to form a high flow rate and a jet state.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,预热段炉体100内设置有增量器160,增量器160具有文丘里管结构的通道161,通道连接于多个烟气喷射风刀150的出风口153。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, an incrementer 160 is disposed in the preheating furnace body 100 , and the incrementer 160 has a channel 161 of a venturi tube structure, and the channel is connected to the air outlets 153 of the plurality of flue gas injection air knives 150 .
参照图6和图11,通过设置增量器160具有文丘里管结构的通道161,能够产生文丘里效应,形成“增量”效应,放大吹向玻璃的风量。本申请设置的增量器160,其结构经过流场模拟分析和实际实验验证,增量器160的应用极大地增强了加热效果。6 and 11, by providing the increaser 160 with a channel 161 of a venturi tube structure, a venturi effect can be generated, forming an "incremental" effect, and amplifying the amount of air blown to the glass. The structure of the increaser 160 provided in the present application has been verified by flow field simulation analysis and actual experiments, and the application of the increaser 160 greatly enhances the heating effect.
相关技术中,烟气喷射结构通常采用传统的“圆孔错开布置类型”和“狭缝型”烟气喷射结构,本申请创造性地研发出一种带有“增量”效应的结构,实现喷射烟气量的增加,可选地提升加热效率。In the related art, the smoke injection structure usually adopts the traditional "circular hole staggered arrangement type" and "slit type" smoke injection structure. The present application creatively develops a structure with an "incremental" effect to increase the amount of injected smoke and optionally improve the heating efficiency.
示例性地,参照图5-图6,在图示的实施方式中,预热段炉体100中烟气喷射“增量”结构如图5和图6所示。在空炉升温阶段,炉内传动辊101是冷态的,为了避免高温的烟气直接喷射到传动辊101表面,烟气喷射风刀150不会直接吹向传动辊101而是错开布置,吹向传动辊101之间的间隙。如图5和图6所示,预热段炉体100内部结构主要由:传动辊101,上部炉体右侧风刀151,上部炉体左侧风刀152,增量器160组成。玻璃在传动辊101的转动下,从左到右运行。风机将每段的炉内的烟气抽取,通过炉外烟气喷射接口140,将预热烟气送入烟气喷射风刀150。经过特殊结构设计的烟气喷射风刀150,在出口收缩,将冷却介质形成高流速、喷射态。在每个烟气喷射风刀150出口一定距离处,安装有一个增量器160。增量器160通过特殊设计,形成“增量”效应,放大吹向玻璃的风量,经过流场模拟分析和实际实验验证,增量器160的应用极大地增强了加热效果。For example, referring to FIG. 5-FIG. 6, in the illustrated embodiment, the "incremental" structure of flue gas injection in the preheating section furnace body 100 is shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6. In the empty furnace heating stage, the drive roller 101 in the furnace is cold. In order to avoid the high-temperature flue gas from being directly sprayed onto the surface of the drive roller 101, the flue gas injection air knife 150 will not blow directly to the drive roller 101 but will be staggered and blow to the gap between the drive rollers 101. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the internal structure of the preheating section furnace body 100 mainly consists of: a drive roller 101, a right wind knife 151 of the upper furnace body, a left wind knife 152 of the upper furnace body, and an incrementer 160. The glass runs from left to right under the rotation of the drive roller 101. The fan extracts the flue gas in each section of the furnace, and sends the preheated flue gas into the flue gas injection air knife 150 through the flue gas injection interface 140 outside the furnace. The flue gas injection air knife 150, which is specially designed for structure, contracts at the outlet, and forms the cooling medium into a high-flow, injection state. An incrementer 160 is installed at a certain distance from the outlet of each smoke jet air knife 150. The incrementer 160 is specially designed to form an "incremental" effect, amplifying the air volume blowing toward the glass. After flow field simulation analysis and actual experimental verification, the application of the incrementer 160 greatly enhances the heating effect.
可选地,参照图6,从烟气喷射风刀150喷射出来的烟气,在经过增量器160的收缩段162时流速增大,并形成低压区。在低压区的作用下,预热段炉体100内存在的烟气从烟气喷射风刀150与增量器160之间的缝隙163处被吸入增量器160中。两股烟气汇合在增量器160出口164处,向玻璃20的受热面喷射出。从而实现在同样烟气风机的功率情况下,在玻璃的受热面实现烟气量的更大喷射效果。Optionally, referring to FIG. 6 , the flue gas ejected from the flue gas jet air knife 150 increases in velocity when passing through the contraction section 162 of the incrementer 160, and forms a low-pressure zone. Under the action of the low-pressure zone, the flue gas existing in the preheating furnace body 100 is sucked into the incrementer 160 from the gap 163 between the flue gas jet air knife 150 and the incrementer 160. The two streams of flue gas converge at the outlet 164 of the incrementer 160 and are ejected toward the heating surface of the glass 20. Thus, under the same flue gas fan power, a greater amount of flue gas can be ejected on the heating surface of the glass.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,沿玻璃行进方向,加热段炉体200设置在预热段炉体100的后方。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the heating section furnace body 200 is disposed behind the preheating section furnace body 100 along the traveling direction of the glass.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,参照图7和图8,加热段炉体200分为加热段上部炉体201和加热段下部炉体202。加热段上部炉体201设置在传动辊101上方,加热段下部炉体202设置在传动辊101下方。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 7 and 8, the heating section furnace body 200 is divided into a heating section upper furnace body 201 and a heating section lower furnace body 202. The heating section upper furnace body 201 is arranged above the driving roller 101, and the heating section lower furnace body 202 is arranged below the driving roller 101.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,加热段炉体200设置有多个红外燃烧器210,红外燃烧器210为多孔介质燃烧器。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the heating section furnace body 200 is provided with a plurality of infrared burners 210 , and the infrared burners 210 are porous medium burners.
本申请的加热段炉体200采用以红外辐射为主的多孔介质燃烧技术,存在对流,导热和辐射三种换热方式,使燃烧区域温度趋于均匀,保持较平稳的温度梯度。在燃烧稳定的同时还具有较高的容积热强度。与自由燃烧相比,多孔介质燃烧具有燃烧速率高、燃烧稳定性好、负荷调节范围大、容积热强度大、燃烧器体积小、燃气适应性好、烟气中污染物排放低、燃烧极限变宽、可燃用热值很低的燃气等优点。The heating section furnace body 200 of the present application adopts porous medium combustion technology based on infrared radiation, and there are three heat exchange modes: convection, heat conduction and radiation, so that the temperature of the combustion area tends to be uniform and maintains a relatively stable temperature gradient. While the combustion is stable, it also has a high volumetric thermal intensity. Compared with free combustion, porous medium combustion has the advantages of high combustion rate, good combustion stability, large load adjustment range, large volumetric thermal intensity, small burner size, good gas adaptability, low pollutant emissions in flue gas, wider combustion limit, and combustible gas with very low calorific value.
在本领域,常规的加热炉为传统的气体燃料燃烧,主要是以自由火焰为特征的燃烧。这种燃烧需要较大的空间,火焰周围温度梯度大,容易产生局部高温。当温度高于1500℃时,NO
x(氮氧化物)生成变得明显。由于NO
x(氮氧化物)的剧毒性,减少其排放也显得非常重要。
In the art, conventional heating furnaces are traditional gas fuel combustion, mainly characterized by free flame combustion. This type of combustion requires a large space, the temperature gradient around the flame is large, and local high temperature is easily generated. When the temperature is higher than 1500°C, NOx (nitrogen oxides) generation becomes obvious. Due to the high toxicity of NOx (nitrogen oxides), reducing its emissions is also very important.
本申请的加热段炉体200相较于常规的加热炉的传统的自由火焰特征的燃烧,采用多孔介质燃烧炉极大地改善了燃烧效果。在燃烧过程中,多孔介质起到了关键性的作用。多孔介质材料具有:传热特性优越,气体强制流进流出、分开汇合,对流加强,使其中温度分布均匀,并能保持较低的温度水平,可以减少污染物的排放;体积密度很小,即热惰性很小,可以在启动时升温迅速,能快速适应负荷变化。可以在800-1200℃温度范围内工作等特点。Compared with the conventional free flame combustion of conventional heating furnaces, the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application uses a porous medium combustion furnace to greatly improve the combustion effect. In the combustion process, the porous medium plays a key role. The porous medium material has the following characteristics: excellent heat transfer characteristics, forced gas flow in and out, separate and merge, enhanced convection, uniform temperature distribution, and can maintain a low temperature level, which can reduce pollutant emissions; the volume density is very small, that is, the thermal inertia is very small, it can heat up quickly at startup, and can quickly adapt to load changes. It can work in the temperature range of 800-1200℃ and other characteristics.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,上述的加热段炉体200的红外燃烧器210以多孔介质材料为主要燃烧部件,燃气在多孔介质材料中燃烧。可选地,本申请的多孔介质材料选择SiC,SiC材料的辐射率在0.9左右,远高于一般的金属合金发热材料的辐射率,辐射加热效果更好。本申请加热段炉体200的红外燃烧器210通过采用SiC作为多孔介质材料,进一步提高了加热效果。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the infrared burner 210 of the heating section furnace body 200 described above uses a porous medium material as the main combustion component, and the gas burns in the porous medium material. Optionally, the porous medium material of the present application selects SiC, and the emissivity of SiC material is about 0.9, which is much higher than the emissivity of general metal alloy heating materials, and the radiation heating effect is better. The infrared burner 210 of the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application further improves the heating effect by using SiC as the porous medium material.
可选地,本申请加热段炉体200采用“多孔介质燃烧”技术为核心的红外燃烧器。Optionally, the heating section furnace body 200 of the present application adopts an infrared burner with "porous medium combustion" technology as the core.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,加热段炉体200内,沿玻璃行进方向,多个红外燃烧器210在传动辊101的上下侧错开布置。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, in the heating section furnace body 200 , a plurality of infrared burners 210 are staggeredly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller 101 along the traveling direction of the glass.
参照图7,在图示的实施方式中,加热段炉体200内,上侧炉体中的每一个红外燃烧器210与下侧炉体中的每一个红外燃烧器210在玻璃的行进方向,相互错开。7 , in the illustrated embodiment, in the heating section furnace body 200 , each infrared burner 210 in the upper furnace body and each infrared burner 210 in the lower furnace body are staggered with each other in the traveling direction of the glass.
通过加热段炉体200内,沿玻璃行进方向,多个红外燃烧器210在传动辊101的上下侧错开布置,能够提高加热均匀性。By staggering the plurality of infrared burners 210 on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller 101 in the heating section furnace body 200 along the glass traveling direction, the heating uniformity can be improved.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,加热段炉体200内还设置有气流搅拌装置220,沿玻璃行进方向,气流搅拌装置220与红外燃烧器210间隔设置。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, an airflow stirring device 220 is further provided in the heating section furnace body 200 , and the airflow stirring device 220 and the infrared burner 210 are spaced apart along the traveling direction of the glass.
红外辐射带来的缺点是不能保证均匀的辐射玻璃物体的整个表面,造成需要被加热的玻璃表面上形成红外辐射源的强度分布的投影。因此本申请在加热段炉体200设置气流搅拌装置220与红外燃烧器210配合,气流搅拌装置220与红外燃烧器210间隔设置,气流搅拌装置220能够对炉内烟气进行搅拌,一方面避免高温烟气在炉内局部集中,造成炉温 不均匀;另一方面被搅动的烟气在玻璃表面以一定的速度流动,增大了对流传热。The disadvantage of infrared radiation is that it cannot ensure uniform radiation of the entire surface of the glass object, resulting in a projection of the intensity distribution of the infrared radiation source on the glass surface to be heated. Therefore, the present application sets an airflow stirring device 220 in the heating section furnace body 200 to cooperate with the infrared burner 210. The airflow stirring device 220 is arranged at intervals from the infrared burner 210. The airflow stirring device 220 can stir the flue gas in the furnace, on the one hand, to avoid the local concentration of high-temperature flue gas in the furnace, resulting in uneven furnace temperature; on the other hand, the stirred flue gas flows at a certain speed on the glass surface, increasing the convective heat transfer.
示例性地,参照图7和图8,在图示的实施方式中,加热段炉体200的主体结构如图7和图8所示,红外燃烧器210在玻璃行进方向错开布置,以避免热量集中造成的温度场不均匀。从温控角度出发,加热段炉体200分为4区,每区配备气流搅拌装置220。从图8俯视图来看,在炉内宽度方向,红外燃烧器210分居两侧布置。For example, referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , in the illustrated embodiment, the main structure of the heating section furnace body 200 is shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , and the infrared burners 210 are arranged staggered in the direction of glass travel to avoid uneven temperature field caused by heat concentration. From the perspective of temperature control, the heating section furnace body 200 is divided into 4 zones, each zone is equipped with an air flow stirring device 220. From the top view of FIG. 8 , in the width direction of the furnace, the infrared burners 210 are arranged on both sides.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,均热段炉体300内设置有多个风道310,用于在玻璃上下表面产生水平平行的气流。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of air ducts 310 are provided in the soaking section furnace body 300 to generate horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
玻璃“钢化”,包含“加热”和“冷却”的过程。如果玻璃在进入到急冷工序之前,玻璃表面温度均匀性得不到很好的保障,就会导致玻璃在急冷工序发生严重的质量问题。Glass "tempering" includes the process of "heating" and "cooling". If the uniformity of the glass surface temperature is not well guaranteed before the glass enters the rapid cooling process, it will cause serious quality problems in the rapid cooling process.
红外辐射带来的缺点是不能保证均匀的辐射玻璃物体的整个表面,造成需要被加热的玻璃表面上形成红外辐射源的强度分布的投影。虽然在加热段炉体200设置有气流搅拌装置220,用来缓解加热阶段玻璃表面温度不均匀性,但是距离高标准的均匀性要求,还是有一定的距离。The disadvantage of infrared radiation is that it cannot ensure uniform radiation of the entire surface of the glass object, resulting in a projection of the intensity distribution of the infrared radiation source on the glass surface to be heated. Although the heating section furnace body 200 is provided with an air flow stirring device 220 to alleviate the uneven temperature of the glass surface during the heating stage, it is still a certain distance away from the high standard uniformity requirement.
在背景技术中讲到,目前行业内同行做法是在加热段配备强制对流。这种做法在玻璃处于高温软化状态时,带有一定速度和压力的气流会在软化状态的玻璃表面形成“纹路”,而本申请通过设置均热段,在均热段构建水平平行气流,解决了这一问题。As mentioned in the background technology, the current practice of peers in the industry is to equip the heating section with forced convection. In this practice, when the glass is in a high-temperature softening state, the airflow with a certain speed and pressure will form "textures" on the surface of the softened glass. This application solves this problem by setting up a soaking section and constructing a horizontal parallel airflow in the soaking section.
可选地,强制对流除了有上述缺点之外,对于燃气直燃式加热来说,炉内高速流动的气流对“多孔介质燃烧器”产生比较严重的影响。Alternatively, in addition to the above-mentioned disadvantages, forced convection has a relatively serious impact on the "porous medium burner" due to the high-speed airflow in the furnace for gas direct-fired heating.
玻璃的导热系数很低,想要在满足产能的前提下,在规定时间内完成玻璃的温度均匀化,就必须想办法增大对流换热效率/能力。对于气流均匀加热技术来说,想要确保产品的温度均匀性,就必须满足以下两种条件的一种:The thermal conductivity of glass is very low. If you want to achieve temperature uniformity of glass within a specified time while meeting production capacity, you must find a way to increase the convective heat transfer efficiency/capacity. For airflow uniform heating technology, if you want to ensure the temperature uniformity of the product, you must meet one of the following two conditions:
(1)气流充分的紊乱;(1) The airflow is sufficiently turbulent;
(2)气流充分的水平。(2) Adequate level of airflow.
充分紊乱的气流需要强劲的风机来确保,而且这种气流不利于轻薄的玻璃在传动辊101上的稳定。而且炉内保温材料以及炉膛存在的杂质会在紊乱气流的裹挟下,布满整个炉膛以及玻璃表面,导致玻璃的表面质量出现不可控的问题。在工业炉界,温度充分均匀化的气流,水平平行吹过工件表面,尤其是导热系数很低的工件表面,对于保证工件加热过程的温度均匀性,是一个非常好的做法。A sufficiently turbulent airflow requires a powerful fan to ensure it, and this airflow is not conducive to the stability of thin glass on the drive roller 101. In addition, the impurities in the insulation material and the furnace will be spread all over the furnace and the glass surface under the influence of the turbulent airflow, resulting in uncontrollable problems in the surface quality of the glass. In the industrial furnace industry, it is a very good practice to blow a fully uniform airflow horizontally and parallel to the workpiece surface, especially the workpiece surface with a very low thermal conductivity, to ensure the temperature uniformity of the workpiece heating process.
本申请,在加热段炉体200后续引入“水平平行气流”的强制对流的均热段炉体300,相当于最后的加热+调温过程,且需要的功率远小于加热段的功率,这就要求加热器的功率输出快速响应、连续可调。本申请中,在均热段炉体300的热源是电加热管集成箱,且电加热集成箱被整体塞入风道中。In this application, the forced convection of the "horizontal parallel airflow" is introduced into the soaking section furnace body 300 after the heating section furnace body 200, which is equivalent to the final heating + temperature adjustment process, and the power required is much less than the power of the heating section, which requires the power output of the heater to respond quickly and be continuously adjustable. In this application, the heat source of the soaking section furnace body 300 is an electric heating tube integrated box, and the electric heating integrated box is integrally inserted into the air duct.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,参照图9和图10,均热段炉体300总共划分为多段,示例性地,图中分为4段,每段设置独立的风道310。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, referring to FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the soaking section furnace body 300 is divided into a plurality of sections in total. By way of example, it is divided into 4 sections in the figure, and an independent air duct 310 is provided in each section.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,上述的风道310包括离心风机311、风道本体312;离心风机311用于旋转使风吸入,并将风甩出使风在风道本体312内流动,并从传动辊101之间的缝隙吹出,水平平行地掠过玻璃上下表面,与玻璃完成热交换。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned air duct 310 includes a centrifugal fan 311 and an air duct body 312; the centrifugal fan 311 is used to rotate to inhale wind, and throw out wind so that the wind flows in the air duct body 312, and blows out from the gap between the drive rollers 101, horizontally and parallelly passing over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, completing heat exchange with the glass.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,均热段炉体300还包括加热器320,加热器320用于将完成热交换的风进行加热至预设温度;加热至预设温度的风再次被离心风机311吸入,搅拌均匀后,从风道本体312吹出至玻璃上下表面。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the equalizing section furnace body 300 also includes a heater 320, which is used to heat the wind that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the wind heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan 311 again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct body 312 to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
在图示的实施方式中,参照图9和图10,均热段炉体300总共有4个独立控制的风道,分别是均热段第一风道350、第二风道360、第三风道370、第四风道380。单个风道在炉体宽度方向的截面如图10所示。离心风机311高速旋转,风从离心风机311叶轮底部开口吸入,从切线方向被甩出。风在风道本体312内流动,从相邻的传动辊101缝隙中吹出,水平平行地掠过玻璃上下表面,每一段设置的风道吹出的风可覆盖途径该段的玻璃表面,与玻璃完成热交换。完成热交换的风温度有所降低,经过均热段炉体300内的加热器320的加热,再次达到规定的温度。实际上,经过均热段炉体300内的加热器320加热后的风,其温度分布是不均匀的,这种不均匀的风是不能直接吹向玻璃的。在本申请中,离心风机311的叶轮同时具有搅拌作用,将经过均热段炉体300内的加热器320加热后不均匀状态的风,予以充分搅拌和打散,实现温度的均匀化。经过均匀后的风,再次被送入风道本体312,完成对玻璃的加热和温度。In the illustrated embodiment, referring to FIG9 and FIG10, the soaking section furnace body 300 has a total of 4 independently controlled air ducts, namely the first soaking section air duct 350, the second soaking section air duct 360, the third soaking section air duct 370, and the fourth soaking section air duct 380. The cross section of a single air duct in the width direction of the furnace body is shown in FIG10. The centrifugal fan 311 rotates at a high speed, and the wind is sucked in from the bottom opening of the impeller of the centrifugal fan 311 and thrown out from the tangential direction. The wind flows in the air duct body 312, blows out from the gap between the adjacent transmission rollers 101, and passes horizontally and parallelly over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass. The wind blown out of each section of the air duct can cover the glass surface passing through the section and complete heat exchange with the glass. The temperature of the wind that completes the heat exchange is reduced, and after being heated by the heater 320 in the soaking section furnace body 300, it reaches the specified temperature again. In fact, the temperature distribution of the wind heated by the heater 320 in the soaking section furnace body 300 is uneven, and this uneven wind cannot be blown directly to the glass. In the present application, the impeller of the centrifugal fan 311 also has a stirring function, which fully stirs and disperses the uneven wind after being heated by the heater 320 in the heat-saturating furnace body 300, so as to achieve temperature uniformity. The uniform wind is sent into the air duct body 312 again to complete the heating and temperature control of the glass.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,均热段炉体300分为均热段上部炉体330和均热段下部炉体340;均热段上部炉体330设置在传动辊101上方,均热段下部炉体340设置在传动辊101下方。离心风机311、风道本体312在均热段炉体300每一段的上段炉体和下段炉体分别设置。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the soaking section furnace body 300 is divided into an upper soaking section furnace body 330 and a lower soaking section furnace body 340; the upper soaking section furnace body 330 is arranged above the driving roller 101, and the lower soaking section furnace body 340 is arranged below the driving roller 101. The centrifugal fan 311 and the air duct body 312 are respectively arranged in the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body of each section of the soaking section furnace body 300.
通过设置预热段炉体100、加热段炉体200以及均热段炉体300均为上下两段式,便于安装或者拆除传动辊101以及设备的维保。可选地,上述的传动辊101可以选择本领域常见的陶瓷辊。By setting the preheating section furnace body 100, the heating section furnace body 200 and the soaking section furnace body 300 to be two-section, it is convenient to install or remove the drive roller 101 and maintain the equipment. Optionally, the drive roller 101 can be a ceramic roller commonly used in the art.
可选地,在本申请一些实施方式中,上述的预热段炉体100、加热段炉体200以及均热段炉体300均设置有炉体提升装置400,炉体提升装置400连接于上段炉体,用于提升上段炉体。Optionally, in some embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned preheating section furnace body 100, heating section furnace body 200 and soaking section furnace body 300 are all provided with a furnace body lifting device 400, and the furnace body lifting device 400 is connected to the upper furnace body for lifting the upper furnace body.
在本申请一些实施方式提供一种玻璃钢化方法,采用前述任一实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉对玻璃进行钢化处理。Some embodiments of the present application provide a glass tempering method, which uses the glass tempering heating furnace provided by any of the aforementioned embodiments to temper the glass.
示例性地,在本申请一些实施方式中,采用前述任一实施方式提供的玻璃钢化加热炉对玻璃进行钢化处理包括以下步骤:For example, in some embodiments of the present application, using the glass tempering heating furnace provided in any of the aforementioned embodiments to temper glass includes the following steps:
步骤S1、人工(或者自动化装置)在侧布料台对玻璃进行单层平铺、摆放产品;Step S1, manually (or by automated device) laying out the glass in a single layer on the side distribution table and placing the products;
步骤S2、玻璃在传动辊101上运行,进入到预热段炉体100,在预热段炉体100完成产品预热(温度控制在一定范围);Step S2, the glass runs on the driving roller 101 and enters the preheating furnace body 100, where the product is preheated (the temperature is controlled within a certain range);
步骤S3、玻璃开始进入到加热段炉体200,产品温度上升到600-640℃,达到设定温度后玻璃保持在设定温度继续运行;Step S3, the glass starts to enter the heating section furnace body 200, the product temperature rises to 600-640°C, and after reaching the set temperature, the glass continues to operate at the set temperature;
步骤S4、玻璃从加热段炉体200进入到均热段炉体300,循环运行的气体从玻璃上下表面掠过,对玻璃进行加热和温度均匀化。与相对低温状态和温度非均匀的玻璃完成热交换后的气体被循环到加热器,在加热器中加热作用下实现升温补热。经过离心风机叶轮的强力搅拌,对非匀化的气体实现温度均匀化。经过离心风机和风道的作用,再次吹向玻璃上下表面。Step S4, the glass enters the equalizing furnace body 300 from the heating furnace body 200, and the circulating gas passes over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to heat the glass and make the temperature uniform. The gas that has completed the heat exchange with the relatively low temperature and non-uniform temperature glass is circulated to the heater, and the temperature is raised and supplemented by the heating in the heater. After the strong stirring of the centrifugal fan impeller, the temperature of the non-homogenized gas is uniformized. After the action of the centrifugal fan and the air duct, it is blown to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass again.
得到升温和温度均匀后的玻璃即可进入到下一道工序。After the temperature is raised and the temperature is uniform, the glass can enter the next process.
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
本申请涉及玻璃钢化领域,涉及一种玻璃钢化加热炉。加热炉包括预热段炉体、加热段炉体、均热段炉体。沿玻璃的行进方向,预热段炉体分为多段,每段均设置有抽烟口和烟气喷射接口;抽烟口用于抽取预热段的烟气;烟气喷射接口用于将抽取的烟气送入炉体;加热段炉体设置有多个红外燃烧器,红外燃烧器为多孔介质燃烧器;通过预热段的抽烟口抽取加热段炉体的烟气,并将抽取的烟气通过烟气喷射接口送入预热段炉体;均热段炉体内设置有多个风道,用于在玻璃上下表面产生水平平行的气流。本申请加热炉能够对玻璃快速、均匀加热。不仅能够适用于普通玻璃的钢化加热,尤其更适用于镀膜玻璃和Low-E玻璃的钢化要求。The present application relates to the field of glass tempering, and to a glass tempering heating furnace. The heating furnace includes a preheating section furnace body, a heating section furnace body, and a soaking section furnace body. Along the traveling direction of the glass, the preheating section furnace body is divided into multiple sections, each section is provided with a smoke extraction port and a smoke injection interface; the smoke extraction port is used to extract the smoke from the preheating section; the smoke injection interface is used to send the extracted smoke into the furnace body; the heating section furnace body is provided with multiple infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; the smoke from the heating section furnace body is extracted through the smoke extraction port of the preheating section, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating section furnace body through the smoke injection interface; the soaking section furnace body is provided with multiple air ducts for generating horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass. The heating furnace of the present application can heat the glass quickly and evenly. It is not only suitable for the tempering heating of ordinary glass, but is especially suitable for the tempering requirements of coated glass and Low-E glass.
此外,可以理解的是,本申请的玻璃钢化加热炉是可以重现的,并且可以用在多种工业应用中。例如,本申请的玻璃钢化加热炉可以用于玻璃钢化领域。In addition, it is understood that the glass tempering heating furnace of the present application is reproducible and can be used in a variety of industrial applications. For example, the glass tempering heating furnace of the present application can be used in the field of glass tempering.
Claims (15)
- 一种玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,包括:A glass tempering heating furnace, characterized by comprising:预热段炉体,具有进料口,所述进料口处设置有总排烟口;沿玻璃的行进方向,所述预热段炉体分为多段,每段均设置有抽烟口和烟气喷射接口;The preheating furnace body has a feed inlet, and a main smoke exhaust port is arranged at the feed inlet; along the traveling direction of the glass, the preheating furnace body is divided into multiple sections, and each section is provided with a smoke exhaust port and a smoke injection interface;加热段炉体,所述加热段炉体设置有多个红外燃烧器,所述红外燃烧器为多孔介质燃烧器;通过所述抽烟口抽取所述加热段炉体的烟气,并将抽取的烟气通过所述烟气喷射接口送入所述预热段炉体。The heating section furnace body is provided with a plurality of infrared burners, and the infrared burners are porous medium burners; the smoke of the heating section furnace body is extracted through the smoke extraction port, and the extracted smoke is sent into the preheating section furnace body through the smoke injection interface.
- 根据权利要求1所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that:所述预热段炉体内,沿玻璃行进方向,在传动辊的上下侧均设置有多个烟气喷射风刀,且上下侧的多个烟气喷射风刀、多个传动辊三者在高度方向错开布置;所述烟气喷射接口用于将抽取的烟气送入所述多个烟气喷射风刀。In the preheating section furnace body, along the direction of glass travel, multiple flue gas injection air knives are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller, and the multiple flue gas injection air knives on the upper and lower sides and the multiple driving rollers are staggered in the height direction; the flue gas injection interface is used to send the extracted flue gas into the multiple flue gas injection air knives.
- 根据权利要求2所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that:所述多个烟气喷射风刀的出风口的口径收缩。The diameters of the air outlets of the multiple smoke jet air knives are shrunk.
- 根据权利要求3所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 3 is characterized in that:所述预热段炉体内设置有增量器,所述增量器具有文丘里管结构的通道,所述通道连接于所述多个烟气喷射风刀的出风口。An incrementer is arranged in the preheating section furnace body, and the incrementer has a channel with a venturi tube structure, and the channel is connected to the air outlets of the multiple flue gas injection air knives.
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:沿玻璃行进方向,多个红外燃烧器在传动辊的上下侧错开布置。Along the traveling direction of the glass, a plurality of infrared burners are staggeredly arranged on the upper and lower sides of the driving roller.
- 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that:所述加热段炉体的所述红外燃烧器为具有多孔介质材料的燃烧部件。The infrared burner of the heating section furnace body is a combustion component having a porous medium material.
- 根据权利要求6所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 6 is characterized in that:所述多孔介质材料为SiC材料,其中,SiC材料的辐射率为0.9。The porous medium material is SiC material, wherein the emissivity of the SiC material is 0.9.
- 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that:所述加热段炉体内还设置有气流搅拌装置,沿玻璃行进方向,所述气流搅拌装置与所述红外燃烧器间隔设置。An airflow stirring device is also provided in the heating section furnace body, and the airflow stirring device is spaced apart from the infrared burner along the glass traveling direction.
- 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,所述玻璃钢化加热炉还包括:均热段炉体;沿玻璃的行进方向,所述均热段炉体设置在所述加热段炉体之后;The glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the glass tempering heating furnace further comprises: a soaking section furnace body; along the traveling direction of the glass, the soaking section furnace body is arranged behind the heating section furnace body;所述均热段炉体内设置有多个风道,用于在玻璃上下表面产生水平平行的气流。A plurality of air ducts are arranged in the soaking section furnace body, which are used to generate horizontal parallel airflows on the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- 根据权利要求9所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,所述多个风道为四个独立控制的风道,其中,所述四个独立控制的风道为第一风道、第二风道、第三风道和第四风道。The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 9 is characterized in that the multiple air ducts are four independently controlled air ducts, wherein the four independently controlled air ducts are a first air duct, a second air duct, a third air duct and a fourth air duct.
- 根据权利要求9或10所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 9 or 10 is characterized in that:所述风道包括离心风机、风道本体;所述离心风机用于旋转使风吸入,并将所述风甩出使所述风在所述风道本体内流动,并从传动辊之间的缝隙吹出,水平平行地掠过玻璃上下表面,与玻璃完成热交换。The air duct includes a centrifugal fan and an air duct body; the centrifugal fan is used to rotate to inhale wind, and to throw out the wind so that the wind flows in the air duct body and is blown out from the gaps between the driving rollers, horizontally and parallelly passing over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass, completing heat exchange with the glass.
- 根据权利要求11所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 11, characterized in that:所述均热段炉体还包括加热器,所述加热器用于将完成热交换的风进行加热至预设温度;所述加热至预设温度的风再次被所述离心风机吸入,搅拌均匀后,从所述风道本体吹出至所述玻璃上下表面。The equalizing section furnace body also includes a heater, which is used to heat the wind that has completed the heat exchange to a preset temperature; the wind heated to the preset temperature is sucked in by the centrifugal fan again, and after being evenly stirred, it is blown out from the air duct body to the upper and lower surfaces of the glass.
- 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,The glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that:所述预热段炉体、所述加热段炉体以及所述均热段炉体均分为上部炉体和下部炉体;所述上部炉体设置在传动辊上方,所述下部炉体设置在所述传动辊下方。The preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body are all divided into an upper furnace body and a lower furnace body; the upper furnace body is arranged above the driving roller, and the lower furnace body is arranged below the driving roller.
- 根据权利要求13所述的玻璃钢化加热炉,其特征在于,所述预热段炉体、所述加热段炉体以及所述均热段炉体均设置有炉体提升装置,所述炉体提升装置连接于所述上部炉体,以用于提升所述上部炉体。The glass tempering heating furnace according to claim 13 is characterized in that the preheating section furnace body, the heating section furnace body and the soaking section furnace body are all provided with a furnace body lifting device, and the furnace body lifting device is connected to the upper furnace body for lifting the upper furnace body.
- 一种玻璃钢化方法,所述玻璃钢化方法采用根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的玻璃钢化加热炉来实施对玻璃进行钢化处理,所述玻璃钢化方法包括:A glass tempering method, wherein the glass tempering method uses the glass tempering heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 14 to perform a tempering process on the glass, and the glass tempering method comprises:玻璃在传动辊上运行,进入到预热段炉体,并且在预热段炉体完成产品预热;The glass runs on the transmission rollers and enters the preheating furnace body, where the product is preheated.玻璃从所述预热段炉体进入到加热段炉体,产品温度上升到600-640℃,达到设定温度后玻璃保持在设定温度继续运行;The glass enters the heating section furnace from the preheating section furnace, and the product temperature rises to 600-640°C. After reaching the set temperature, the glass continues to operate at the set temperature;玻璃从所述加热段炉体进入到所述均热段炉体,循环运行的气体从玻璃上下表面掠过,对玻璃进行加热和温度均匀化。The glass enters the soaking section furnace from the heating section furnace, and the circulating gas passes over the upper and lower surfaces of the glass to heat the glass and make the temperature uniform.
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CN112179138A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-efficiency low NOXCombustion heating furnace discharging porous medium |
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CN201058845Y (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2008-05-14 | 中山市富山玻璃机械有限公司 | Roller-way heating-furnace for heating flat glass |
KR101626282B1 (en) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-06-02 | 주식회사 도우인시스 | Apparatus for Heat Treatment Before Chemical Strengthening of Glass and Heat Treatment Method Thereof |
CN110981174A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 中国建材桐城新能源材料有限公司 | Production device and production method of 2mm physical full-tempered PID (proportion integration differentiation) resistant glass |
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- 2022-11-01 CN CN202211358216.6A patent/CN115650567B/en active Active
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US20160031739A1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-02-04 | Corning Incorporated | Thermally tempered glass and methods and apparatuses for thermal tempering of glass |
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CN208857146U (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-05-14 | 东莞市邦顺电子科技有限公司 | A kind of novel annealing furnace |
CN112179138A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-05 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-efficiency low NOXCombustion heating furnace discharging porous medium |
CN215403833U (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2022-01-04 | 佛山市顺德利奥达机械实业有限公司 | Nozzle and glass tempering furnace with same |
CN216377924U (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-26 | 淄博乐山玻璃建材有限公司 | Horizontal convection tempering furnace |
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CN115650567A (en) | 2023-01-31 |
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