WO2024090358A1 - Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour véhicules à moteur à deux roues - Google Patents

Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour véhicules à moteur à deux roues Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024090358A1
WO2024090358A1 PCT/JP2023/038082 JP2023038082W WO2024090358A1 WO 2024090358 A1 WO2024090358 A1 WO 2024090358A1 JP 2023038082 W JP2023038082 W JP 2023038082W WO 2024090358 A1 WO2024090358 A1 WO 2024090358A1
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mass
lubricating oil
oil composition
calcium
content
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PCT/JP2023/038082
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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貴登 原山
元治 石川
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出光興産株式会社
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/26—Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M129/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M129/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M129/04—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M129/10—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond
    • C10M135/10—Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
    • C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
    • C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M141/02 - C10M141/10
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/24—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing sulfonic radicals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a lubricating oil composition for motorcycles.
  • the oil In systems where the same oil is used for both the engine lubricating oil and the power transmission lubricating oil, such as in motorcycles, the oil must have the performance required for the engine lubricating oil as well as the performance required for the power transmission lubricating oil.
  • engine lubricating oils are required to have various properties such as wear resistance, cleanliness, heat resistance, oxidation stability, low oil consumption, low friction loss, etc.
  • power transmission devices such as transmissions
  • there is a demand for improved power transmission rate and reduced size and weight there is a demand for improved power transmission rate and reduced size and weight, and in particular, from the viewpoint of ensuring clutch capacity and reducing the weight of the clutch, there is a demand for increasing the friction coefficient between the clutch disc and the clutch plate.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines that contains (a) a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate and (b) a boron-containing ashless dispersant as a lubricating oil for internal combustion engines that not only meets the performance required for an engine system but also excels in increasing the friction coefficient for wet clutches, and the lubricating oil composition for internal combustion engines has a phosphorus content limited to a specific range.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a lubricating oil composition for diesel engines having excellent high-temperature detergency and anti-wear properties, which contains a nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant, a metal-containing detergent, an alkali metal borate hydrate and a zinc dihydrocarbyl dithiophosphate.
  • the method of adding anti-wear agents containing phosphorus atoms such as zinc dithiophosphate is widely used as a method of improving the wear resistance of lubricating oil.
  • phosphorus atoms poison exhaust gas catalysts such as platinum catalysts that are installed to remove harmful substances in the exhaust gas of automobiles and the like.
  • exhaust gas regulations have become increasingly strict from the viewpoint of protecting the global environment, and it is required to reduce the phosphorus atom content in engine lubricating oils to suppress the poisoning of exhaust gas catalysts.
  • the lubricating oil compositions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have not been sufficiently studied from the perspective of realizing excellent high-temperature cleanliness and wear resistance in an internal combustion engine while also exhibiting a high clutch friction coefficient, even when the content of phosphorus atoms derived from the anti-wear agent is reduced (specifically, when the content of phosphorus atoms derived from the anti-wear agent is less than 750 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition), and improvements in these performance aspects are desired.
  • the present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a lubricating oil composition for motorcycles that achieves excellent high-temperature detergency and wear resistance in internal combustion engines, and also exhibits a high friction coefficient in wet clutches, even when the phosphorus atom content derived from zinc dithiophosphate is reduced.
  • the present inventors have found that a lubricating oil composition for motorcycles that contains a base oil, a calcium-based detergent, a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and potassium borate, and whose contents are within specific ranges, can solve the above-mentioned problems, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention provides the following [1] to [7].
  • a lubricating oil composition for motorcycles comprising a base oil (A), a calcium-based detergent (B), a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C), and an alkali metal borate (D), wherein the calcium-based detergent (B) contains a calcium phenate (B1), the content of calcium atoms derived from the calcium phenate (B1) being 800 ppm by mass or more, the content of phosphorus atoms derived from the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) being less than 750 ppm by mass, and the content of boron atoms derived from the alkali metal borate (D) being 180 ppm by mass or more, based on a total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the calcium-based detergent (B) contains a calcium phenate (B1), the content of calcium atoms derived from the calcium phenate (B1) being 800 ppm by mass or more, the content of phosphorus atoms derived from the zinc dialky
  • the present invention provides a lubricating oil composition for motorcycles that achieves excellent high-temperature detergency and wear resistance in internal combustion engines, even when the phosphorus atom content derived from zinc dithiophosphate is reduced, while also exhibiting a high friction coefficient in wet clutches.
  • the lower limit and upper limit values described in stages can be combined independently.
  • the “preferable lower limit (10)” can be combined with the “more preferred upper limit (60)” to give “10 to 60.”
  • the numerical values of "greater than or equal to,” “less than or equal to,” “less than,” and “more than” in the description of numerical ranges can be combined in any way.
  • the calcium atom content refers to the value measured in accordance with JPI-5S-38-03.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment contains a base oil (A), a calcium-based detergent (B), a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C), and an alkali metal borate (D), wherein the calcium-based detergent (B) contains a calcium phenate (B1), and the content of calcium atoms derived from the calcium phenate (B1) is 800 ppm by mass or more, the content of phosphorus atoms derived from the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) is less than 750 ppm by mass, and the content of boron atoms derived from the alkali metal borate (D) is 180 ppm by mass or more, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
  • A base oil
  • B calcium-based detergent
  • C zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
  • D alkali metal borate
  • the base oil (A) contained in the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment may contain one or more oils selected from mineral oils and synthetic oils.
  • mineral oils examples include atmospheric residual oils obtained by atmospheric distillation of crude oils such as paraffinic crude oil, intermediate base crude oil, and naphthenic crude oil; distillate oils obtained by vacuum distillation of these atmospheric residual oils; and mineral oils obtained by subjecting the distillate oils to one or more refining processes such as solvent deasphalting, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, and hydrorefining.
  • Synthetic oils include, for example, poly- ⁇ -olefins such as ⁇ -olefin homopolymers and ⁇ -olefin copolymers (for example, ⁇ -olefin copolymers having 8 to 14 carbon atoms, such as ethylene- ⁇ -olefin copolymers); isoparaffins; various esters such as polyol esters and dibasic acid esters; various ethers such as polyphenyl ether; polyalkylene glycols; alkylbenzenes; alkylnaphthalenes; and GTL base oils obtained by isomerizing wax (GTL wax (Gas To Liquids WAX)) produced from natural gas by the Fischer-Tropsch process.
  • GTL wax Gas To Liquids WAX
  • the base oil used in this embodiment is preferably a base oil classified into Groups 2 and 3 of the API (American Petroleum Institute) base oil category, and more preferably a base oil classified into Group 3.
  • the base oil (A) may be a mineral oil, either alone or in combination with multiple types of oil, or a synthetic oil, either alone or in combination with multiple types of oil. Furthermore, one or more types of mineral oil may be used in combination with one or more types of synthetic oil.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the base oil (A) at 100° C. is preferably 4.0 mm 2 /s or more, more preferably 4.5 mm 2 /s or more, even more preferably 5.0 mm 2 /s or more, and preferably less than 26.1 mm 2 /s, more preferably less than 21.9 mm 2 /s, and even more preferably less than 16.3 mm 2 /s.
  • the viscosity index of the base oil (A) is preferably 80 or more, more preferably 90 or more, even more preferably 100 or more, and still more preferably 105 or more.
  • the kinematic viscosity and viscosity index refer to values measured or calculated in accordance with JIS K 2283:2000.
  • the base oil (A) is a mixed base oil containing two or more kinds of base oils, the mixed base oil only needs to have a kinematic viscosity and a viscosity index within the above ranges.
  • the content of base oil (A) is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance, it is preferably 60 to 99 mass%, more preferably 70 to 98 mass%, even more preferably 80 to 97 mass%, and particularly preferably 85 to 95 mass%, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present embodiment contains a calcium-based detergent (B), and the calcium-based detergent (B) contains a predetermined amount of calcium phenate (B1), thereby exhibiting excellent clutch friction characteristics.
  • the content of calcium atoms derived from the calcium phenate (B1) in the calcium-based detergent (B) is preferably 30 to 100 mass %, more preferably 40 to 100 mass %, and even more preferably 50 to 100 mass %, based on the total amount of calcium atoms derived from the calcium-based detergent (B) contained in the lubricating oil composition.
  • the calcium phenate (B1) may contain sulfur atoms.
  • the content of sulfur atoms in calcium phenate (B1) is preferably 1.00 to 8.00 mass%, more preferably 2.00 to 6.00 mass%, even more preferably 2.50 to 5.00 mass%, and even more preferably 2.00 to 4.00 mass%.
  • the content of sulfur atoms in calcium phenate (B1) is within the above range, the number of polar groups in the molecular structure increases, making it easier for the material to adsorb to the clutch, and it is presumed that this increases the coefficient of friction.
  • the calcium phenate (B1) may be any of a neutral salt, a basic salt, an overbased salt or a mixture thereof, with the overbased salt being particularly preferred.
  • the base number of the neutral salt is preferably 0 to 30 mgKOH/g, more preferably 0 to 25 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably 0 to 20 mgKOH/g.
  • the base number of the basic salt or the overbased salt is preferably 100 to 600 mgKOH/g, more preferably 120 to 500 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably 130 to 400 mgKOH/g.
  • the term "base number” refers to the base number measured by the perchloric acid method in accordance with 7. of JIS K2501 "Petroleum products and lubricants -- Determination of neutralization number.”
  • the content of calcium phenate (B1) must be 800 ppm by mass or more, calculated as calcium atoms, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the content is preferably 900 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 1000 ppm by mass or more, and even more preferably 1100 ppm by mass or more.
  • the content is preferably 4000 ppm by mass or less, more preferably 3000 ppm by mass or less, and even more preferably 2500 ppm by mass or less. More specifically, the content is preferably 900 to 4000 ppm by mass, more preferably 1000 to 3000 ppm by mass, and even more preferably 1100 to 2500 ppm by mass.
  • the content of calcium phenate (B1) is preferably adjusted so that the content in terms of calcium atoms falls within the above range, and is preferably 0.60 mass% or more, more preferably 0.80 mass% or more, even more preferably 0.90 mass% or more, particularly preferably 1.00 mass% or more, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the motorcycle lubricating oil composition, and is preferably 3.50 mass% or less, more preferably 3.20 mass% or less, even more preferably 3.00 mass% or less, even more preferably 2.70 mass% or less, particularly preferably 2.50 mass% or less.
  • upper and lower limit values can be arbitrarily combined, and specifically, are preferably 0.60 to 3.50 mass%, more preferably 0.80 to 3.20 mass%, even more preferably 0.90 to 3.00 mass%, even more preferably 0.90 to 2.70 mass%, and particularly preferably 1.00 to 2.50 mass%.
  • the motorcycle lubricating oil composition of this embodiment may further contain other metal-based detergents in addition to the calcium phenate (B1).
  • the metal atom contained in the other metal-based detergent from the viewpoint of improving detergency, a metal atom selected from an alkali metal atom and an alkaline earth metal atom is preferred, a sodium atom, a calcium atom, a magnesium atom, and a barium atom are more preferred, a calcium atom and a magnesium atom are even more preferred, and a calcium atom is even more preferred.
  • a metal sulfonate or a metal salicylate is preferred, a metal sulfonate is more preferred, and a calcium sulfonate is particularly preferred. That is, the other metal-based detergent is preferably a calcium sulfonate (B2).
  • the calcium-based detergent (B) further contains a calcium sulfonate (B2).
  • the content of the calcium sulfonate (B2) in the other metallic detergents is preferably 70 to 100 mass %, more preferably 80 to 100 mass %, even more preferably 90 to 100 mass %, and still more preferably 95 to 100 mass %, based on the total amount (100 mass %) of the other metallic detergents contained in the lubricating oil composition.
  • the above-mentioned other metal-based detergents will be described in detail below, but the details of the above-mentioned calcium sulfonate (B2) will also be described in the same manner.
  • the other metal detergents may be neutral salts, basic salts, overbased salts or mixtures thereof.
  • the base number of the neutral salt is preferably 0 to 30 mgKOH/g, more preferably 0 to 25 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably 0 to 20 mgKOH/g.
  • the base number of the basic salt or the overbased salt is preferably 100 to 600 mgKOH/g, more preferably 200 to 550 mgKOH/g, even more preferably 250 to 500 mgKOH/g, and still more preferably 250 to 450 mgKOH/g.
  • base number refers to the base number measured by the perchloric acid method in accordance with 7. of JIS K2501 "Petroleum products and lubricants -- Determination of neutralization number.”
  • the content of the other metal-based detergents in terms of metal atoms is not particularly limited, but is, for example, preferably 200 to 8000 ppm by mass, more preferably 400 to 5000 ppm by mass, even more preferably 600 to 3500 ppm by mass, and even more preferably 700 to 2500 ppm by mass, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the content of the other metal-based detergents is preferably adjusted so that the content in terms of metal atoms falls within the above range, and specifically, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the motorcycle lubricating oil composition, it is preferably 0.10 to 3.00 mass%, more preferably 0.20 to 2.00 mass%, even more preferably 0.30 to 1.50 mass%, and particularly preferably 0.35 to 1.00 mass%.
  • the lubricating oil composition of this embodiment further contains a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C).
  • Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) has the effect of improving wear resistance, but the lubricating oil composition of the present embodiment uses a calcium-based detergent (B) in combination with an alkali metal borate (D) to reduce the content of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C). Even when the phosphorus content derived from the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) is made less than 750 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, it is possible to obtain excellent wear resistance and clutch friction characteristics.
  • the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • Examples of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) include compounds represented by the following general formula (c-1):
  • R 11 to R 14 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
  • Examples of the hydrocarbon groups represented by R 11 to R 14 include linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, linear or branched alkenyl groups having 3 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups or linear or branched alkylcycloalkyl groups having 5 to 13 carbon atoms, aryl groups or linear or branched alkylaryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and arylalkyl groups having 7 to 19 carbon atoms, and among these, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms are preferred, and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms are more preferred.
  • the number of carbon atoms in the branched alkyl groups is preferably 2 to 12, and more preferably 3 to 6.
  • Examples of branched alkyl groups having 1 to 24 carbon atoms include an iso-propyl group, an iso-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an iso-pentyl group, a tert-pentyl group, an iso-hexyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an iso-nonyl group, an iso-decyl group, an iso-tridecyl group, an iso-stearyl group, an iso-icosyl group, and the like.
  • the zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) is preferably one selected from primary zinc dialkyldithiophosphates and secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphates.
  • the content of phosphorus atoms derived from zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) is not particularly limited as long as it is less than 750 ppm by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, but from the viewpoint of suppressing poisoning of the exhaust gas catalyst, it is preferably less than 700 ppm by mass, more preferably less than 650 ppm by mass, and even more preferably less than 620 ppm by mass, and from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance, it is preferably 100 ppm by mass or more, more preferably 400 ppm by mass or more.
  • the content of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C) is preferably adjusted so that the content in terms of phosphorus atoms falls within the above range.
  • it is preferably less than 1.0 mass%, more preferably less than 0.9 mass%, and even more preferably less than 0.8 mass%, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition, and from the viewpoint of improving wear resistance, it is preferably 0.1 mass% or more, and more preferably 0.5 mass% or more.
  • the lubricating oil composition of this embodiment contains an alkali metal borate (D) in an amount of 180 ppm by mass or more calculated as the atomic weight of boron, from the viewpoint of providing a lubricating oil composition with improved high-temperature detergency.
  • the content of the alkali metal borate (D) in terms of boron atoms is preferably 180 to 1000 ppm by mass, more preferably 180 to 700 ppm by mass, and even more preferably 180 to 500 ppm by mass, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the mass ratio of the content of calcium atoms derived from the calcium phenate (B1) to the content of boron atoms derived from the alkali metal borate (D) is preferably 1.0 to 15.0, more preferably 2.5 to 12.0, and particularly preferably 4.0 to 8.5.
  • the content (mixture amount) of the alkali metal borate (D) in the lubricating oil composition of this embodiment may be adjusted so that the content in terms of boron atoms falls within the above range, and is preferably 0.10 to 3.0 mass%, more preferably 0.20 to 2.0 mass%, and even more preferably 0.25 to 1.5 mass% based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the alkali metal atom contained in the alkali metal borate (D) is preferably a potassium atom or a sodium atom, and more preferably a potassium atom.
  • a borate is an electropositive compound (salt) that contains boron and oxygen and is optionally hydrated.
  • borates include salts of borate ion (BO 3 3 ⁇ ) and metaborate ion (BO 2 ⁇ ).
  • the borate ion (BO 3 3 ⁇ ) can form various polymer ions, such as triborate ion (B 3 O 5 ⁇ ), tetraborate ion (B 4 O 7 2 ⁇ ), and pentaborate ion (B 5 O 8 ⁇ ).
  • alkali metal borate (D) examples include sodium tetraborate, sodium pentaborate, sodium hexaborate, sodium octaborate, sodium diborate, potassium metaborate, potassium triborate, potassium tetraborate, potassium pentaborate, potassium hexaborate, and potassium octaborate.
  • the alkali metal borate represented by the following general formula (d-1) is preferred.
  • M represents an alkali metal atom, preferably a potassium atom or a sodium atom, and more preferably a potassium atom, and m represents a number from 2.5 to 4.5.
  • the alkali metal borate (D) may also be a hydrate.
  • the hydrates of alkali metal borate include Na 2 B 4 O 7.10H 2 O, NaBO 2.4H 2 O, KB 3 O 5.4H 2 O, K 2 B 4 O 7.5H 2 O, K 2 B 4 O 7.8H 2 O, and KB 5 O 8.4H 2 O, and are preferably the hydrates of alkali metal borate represented by the following general formula (d-2).
  • M and m are the same as in the above general formula (d-1), and n represents a number of 0.5 to 2.4.
  • these alkali metal borates (D) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present embodiment may further contain an ashless dispersant (E).
  • the ashless dispersant (E) include one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of succinic acid monoimides such as alkenyl succinic acid monoimides and alkyl succinic acid monoimides; boron-modified succinic acid monoimides; succinic acid bisimides such as alkenyl succinic acid bisimides and alkyl succinic acid bisimides; and boron-modified succinic acid bisimides.
  • the content (blending amount) of the ashless dispersant (E) is preferably 0 to 10.0 mass %, more preferably 0.1 to 8.0 mass %, and even more preferably 0.5 to 6.0 mass %, based on the total amount (100 mass %) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the ashless dispersant (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • the ashless dispersant (E) preferably contains an alkenyl succinimide (E1) and a boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2).
  • alkenyl succinimide (E1) include alkenyl succinic acid monoimides represented by the following general formula (e-1) and alkenyl succinic acid bisimides represented by the following general formula (e-2).
  • alkenyl succinimide (E1) a modified alkenyl succinimide obtained by reacting a compound represented by the following general formula (e-1) or (e-2) with one or more selected from an alcohol, an aldehyde, a ketone, an alkylphenol, a cyclic carbonate, an epoxy compound, an organic acid, and the like can also be used.
  • examples of the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2) include boron-modified alkenyl succinimides represented by the following general formula (e-1) or (e-2).
  • R A , R A1 and R A2 each independently represent an alkenyl group having a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of 500 to 3,000 (preferably 1,000 to 3,000).
  • R B , R B1 and R B2 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.
  • x1 is an integer of 1 to 10, preferably an integer of 2 to 5, and more preferably 3 or 4.
  • x2 is an integer of 0 to 10, preferably an integer of 1 to 4, and more preferably 2 or 3.
  • alkenyl groups that can be selected as R A , R A1 and R A2 include polybutenyl groups, polyisobutenyl groups, ethylene-propylene copolymers and the like, and among these, polybutenyl groups and polyisobutenyl groups are preferred.
  • the alkenylsuccinimide (E1) can be produced, for example, by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride obtained by reacting a polyolefin with maleic anhydride, with a polyamine.
  • the polyolefin may be, for example, a polymer obtained by polymerizing one or more ⁇ -olefins having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and a copolymer of isobutene and 1-butene is preferred.
  • polyamine examples include single diamines such as ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, and pentylenediamine; polyalkylenepolyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, di(methylethylene)triamine, dibutylenetriamine, tributylenetetramine, and pentapentylenehexamine; and piperazine derivatives such as aminoethylpiperazine.
  • single diamines such as ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, and pentylenediamine
  • polyalkylenepolyamines such as diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, di(methylethylene)triamine, dibutylenetriamine, tributylenetetramine, and pentapentylenehexamine
  • piperazine derivatives such as aminoethy
  • the boron-modified alkenylsuccinimide (E2) can be produced, for example, by reacting an alkenylsuccinic anhydride obtained by the reaction of the above-mentioned polyolefin with maleic anhydride with the above-mentioned polyamine and boron compound.
  • the boron compound include boron oxide, boron halides, boric acid, boric anhydride, boric acid esters, and ammonium salts of boric acid.
  • the ratio of boron atoms to nitrogen atoms (B/N ratio) constituting the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2) is preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, even more preferably 0.6 or more, even more preferably 0.8 or more, and particularly preferably 0.9 or more, from the viewpoint of improving cleanliness.
  • the content of the alkenyl succinimide (E1) in terms of nitrogen atoms is preferably 10 to 3,000 ppm by mass, more preferably 50 to 2,000 ppm by mass, even more preferably 100 to 1,400 ppm by mass, and even more preferably 200 to 1,200 ppm by mass, based on the total amount (100% by mass) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the content of the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2) in terms of boron atoms is preferably 10 to 1000 ppm by mass, more preferably 30 to 700 ppm by mass, even more preferably 50 to 500 ppm by mass, and still more preferably 100 to 400 ppm by mass, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the content of the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2) in terms of nitrogen atoms is preferably 10 to 1000 ppm by mass, more preferably 30 to 700 ppm by mass, even more preferably 50 to 500 ppm by mass, and still more preferably 50 to 400 ppm by mass, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the ashless dispersant contains both the alkenyl succinimide (E1) and the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2).
  • the ratio (B/N ratio) of the content of the boron-modified alkenyl succinimide (E2) in terms of boron atoms to the content of the alkenyl succinimide (E1) in terms of nitrogen atoms is preferably 0.05 to 5.0, more preferably 0.07 to 3.0, even more preferably 0.08 to 2.0, and still more preferably 0.10 to 1.5.
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present embodiment may further contain a viscosity index improver.
  • viscosity index improvers include polymers such as non-dispersed poly(meth)acrylates, dispersed poly(meth)acrylates, star polymers, comb polymers, olefin copolymers (e.g., olefin copolymers such as ethylene-propylene copolymers), dispersed olefin copolymers, and styrene copolymers (e.g., styrene-diene copolymers, styrene-isoprene copolymers, etc.). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • the viscosity index improver has a mass average molecular weight (Mw) of more than 50,000, preferably 100,000 to 1,500,000, preferably 200,000 to 1,200,000, more preferably 300,000 to 1,000,000, but is appropriately set depending on the type of polymer.
  • the molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn) of the viscosity index improver is preferably 8.0 or less, more preferably 5.0 or less, even more preferably 3.0 or less, still more preferably 1.9 or less, and is usually 1.01 or more.
  • the mass average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) of each component are values calculated as standard polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
  • the star polymer may be any polymer having a structure in which three or more polymer chains are bonded at one point.
  • Examples of the chain polymer constituting the star polymer include copolymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated diene monomers, and hydrogenated products thereof.
  • Examples of vinyl aromatic monomers include styrene, alkyl-substituted styrenes having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, alkoxy-substituted styrenes having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, vinylnaphthalene, and alkyl-substituted vinylnaphthalenes having 8 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • the conjugated diene monomer may be a conjugated diene having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, and specific examples thereof include 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, piperylene, 4-methylpenta-1,3-diene, 3,4-dimethyl-1,3-hexadiene, and 4,5-diethyl-1,3-octadiene.
  • the content of the viscosity index improver, calculated as the resin content is preferably 0.01 to 10 mass%, more preferably 0.05 to 5.0 mass%, even more preferably 0.10 to 2.0 mass%, and even more preferably 0.20 to 1.0 mass%, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment preferably contains a small amount of molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP) or molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC). More specifically, the combined content of molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate is preferably 0.10 mass % or less, more preferably 0.05 mass % or less, and even more preferably 0.01 mass % or less, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, and it is particularly preferable that none is contained.
  • MoDTP molybdenum dithiophosphate
  • MoDTC molybdenum dithiocarbamate
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment may contain other lubricating oil additives in addition to the above components, provided that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
  • Other lubricating oil additives include, for example, other anti-wear agents, antioxidants, pour point depressants, metal-based friction modifiers, rust inhibitors, metal deactivators, demulsifiers, and anti-foaming agents. These lubricating oil additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
  • the above-mentioned other anti-wear agents are anti-wear agents used for lubricating oils other than the above-mentioned zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C), and examples thereof include zinc-containing compounds such as zinc phosphate; sulfur-containing compounds such as disulfides, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized oils and fats, sulfurized esters, thiocarbonates, thiocarbamates, and polysulfides; phosphorus-containing compounds such as phosphites, phosphate esters, phosphonate esters, and their amine salts or metal salts; and sulfur- and phosphorus-containing anti-wear agents such as thiophosphites, thiophosphate esters, thiophosphonate esters, and their amine salts or metal salts.
  • zinc-containing compounds such as zinc phosphate
  • sulfur-containing compounds such as disulfides, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized oils and fats, sulfurized esters, thiocarbonates,
  • antioxidants examples include amine-based antioxidants, phenol-based antioxidants, molybdenum-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, and phosphorus-based antioxidants. Among these, one or more selected from amine-based antioxidants and phenol-based antioxidants are preferred.
  • pour point depressants examples include ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, condensates of chlorinated paraffin and naphthalene, condensates of chlorinated paraffin and phenol, polymethacrylates, polyalkylstyrenes, etc.
  • metal-based friction modifiers include molybdenum-based friction modifiers such as molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP), and amine salts of molybdic acid.
  • MoDTC molybdenum dithiocarbamate
  • MoDTP molybdenum dithiophosphate
  • amine salts of molybdic acid examples include molybdenum-based friction modifiers such as molybdenum dithiocarbamate (MoDTC), molybdenum dithiophosphate (MoDTP), and amine salts of molybdic acid.
  • rust inhibitors include fatty acids, alkenyl succinic acid half esters, fatty acid soaps, alkyl sulfonates, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters, fatty acid amines, oxidized paraffin, and alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers.
  • metal deactivators examples include benzotriazole compounds, tolyltriazole compounds, thiadiazole compounds, imidazole compounds, and pyrimidine compounds.
  • demulsifiers include anionic surfactants such as sulfate salts of castor oil and petroleum sulfonates; cationic surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts and imidazolines; polyoxyalkylene polyglycols and their dicarboxylic acid esters; alkylene oxide adducts of alkylphenol-formaldehyde polycondensates; etc.
  • defoaming agents examples include silicone-based defoaming agents, fluorosilicone oils, fluorine-based defoaming agents such as fluoroalkyl ethers, polyacrylate-based defoaming agents, etc.
  • the content of the other lubricating oil additives described above can be adjusted as appropriate within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention, but each of them is usually 0.001 to 15 mass%, preferably 0.005 to 10 mass%, more preferably 0.01 to 7 mass%, and even more preferably 0.03 to 5 mass%, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the motorcycle lubricating oil composition.
  • the total content of components (A), (B) and (C) is preferably 60 mass% or more, more preferably 70 mass% or more, even more preferably 80 mass% or more, and even more preferably 90 mass% or more, based on the total amount (100 mass%) of the lubricating oil composition, and is 100 mass% or less.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 100° C. of 6.0 to 20.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 7.0 to 18.0 mm 2 /s, and even more preferably 8.0 to 17.0 mm 2 /s.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 20.0 to 140.0 mm 2 /s, more preferably 40.0 to 100.0 mm 2 /s, and even more preferably 50.0 to 95.0 mm 2 /s.
  • the viscosity index of the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment is preferably 100 or more, more preferably 120 or more, and even more preferably 130 or more.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment has a static friction characteristic index, measured in accordance with the clutch friction characteristic evaluation test method described in JASO T903:2016, of preferably 1.60 or more and less than 2.50, and more preferably 1.85 or more and less than 2.50.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment preferably has a performance classification of MA2 as evaluated in accordance with the clutch friction property test of JASO T903:2016.
  • the motorcycle lubricating oil composition of this embodiment preferably has a score of 8.0 or more, more preferably 8.5 or more, and even more preferably 9.0 or more, as measured in the hot tube test described in the Examples below.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles of this embodiment preferably has a wear amount measured in the wear resistance test described in the Examples described later, of 8.0 ⁇ 10-6 mm3 or less , more preferably 6.5 ⁇ 10-6 mm3 or less, and even more preferably 5.0 ⁇ 10-6 mm3 or less .
  • the lubricating oil composition of the present embodiment is used in two-wheeled vehicles in which the engine lubricating oil and the power transmission lubricating oil are lubricated with the same oil agent.
  • the present embodiment also provides a method for lubricating the engine and transmission of a motorcycle using the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles.
  • the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles in the above-mentioned lubrication method the preferred embodiments of each component and the preferred properties of the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles are as described above.
  • the present embodiment also provides a method for producing the lubricating oil composition for motorcycles, the method comprising the step of mixing the base oil (A), a calcium-based detergent (B), a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (C), and an alkali metal borate (D).
  • A base oil
  • B calcium-based detergent
  • C zinc dialkyldithiophosphate
  • D alkali metal borate
  • ZnDTP1 primary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (phosphorus atom content: 7.4% by mass, zinc atom content: 8.9% by mass, sulfur atom content: 15.0% by mass)
  • ZnDTP2 secondary zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (phosphorus atom content: 7.2% by mass, zinc atom content: 7.85% by mass, sulfur atom content: 14.0% by mass)
  • Potassium borate Potassium borate hydrate microparticle dispersion (boron atom content: 6.8% by mass, nitrogen atom content: 0.22% by mass, base number: 125 mg KOH/g)
  • Viscosity index improver Infineum, diblock star polymer, weight average molecular weight (Mw): 780,000) ⁇ Pour point depressant ⁇ Amine-based antioxidants and defoamers
  • test oil prepared lubricating oil composition
  • test temperature 290° C.
  • test time 16 hours.
  • lacquer adhering to the test tube was rated on a 21-point scale from 0 (black) to 10 (colorless) in accordance with JPI-5S-55-99.
  • the higher the rating number the less deposits and the better the cleanliness.
  • lubricating oil compositions with a score of 8.0 or more were considered to pass.
  • Test piece Standard test piece (AISI 52100) disk and ball (3/4 inch) of the same material ⁇ Operating time: 15 hours ⁇ Load: 75N Oil temperature: 100°C Speed: 20 mm/s Slip ratio (SRR): 95%
  • the lubricating oil compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 4 satisfied the high-temperature detergency and wear resistance required for lubricating oils for motorcycles, and also exhibited a high friction coefficient in wet clutches.
  • the lubricating oil compositions prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were inferior in any one of high-temperature detergency, wear resistance, and clutch friction characteristics. More specifically, the lubricating oil compositions of Comparative Examples 1 to 5, which do not contain component (D), and Comparative Example 6, which contains a small amount of component (D), were insufficient in the hot tube test.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition d'huile lubrifiante pour véhicules à moteur à deux roues. Ladite composition d'huile lubrifiante contient une huile de base (A), un détergent à base de calcium (B), du dialkyldithiophosphate de zinc (C) et un sel de borate de métal alcalin (D), le détergent à base de calcium (B) contenant un phénate de calcium (B1) ; et, sur la base de la quantité totale de la composition d'huile lubrifiante, la teneur en atomes de calcium dérivés du phénate de calcium (B1) est de 800 ppm en masse ou plus, la teneur en atomes de phosphore dérivés du dialkyldithiophosphate de zinc (C) est inférieure à 750 ppm en masse, et la teneur en atomes de bore dérivés du sel de borate de métal alcalin (D) est de 180 ppm en masse ou plus. Cette composition d'huile lubrifiante pour véhicules à moteur à deux roues est capable d'obtenir une excellente propreté à des températures élevées et une excellente résistance à l'usure dans des moteurs à combustion interne, tout en permettant d'obtenir un coefficient de frottement élevé dans un embrayage humide même dans les cas où la teneur en atomes de phosphore dérivés du dithiophosphate de zinc est réduite.
PCT/JP2023/038082 2022-10-25 2023-10-20 Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour véhicules à moteur à deux roues WO2024090358A1 (fr)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003165991A (ja) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-10 Chevron Texaco Japan Ltd 自動車エンジン用潤滑油組成物
JP2008106255A (ja) * 2006-09-26 2008-05-08 Chevron Japan Ltd 低硫酸灰分低硫黄低リン低亜鉛潤滑油組成物

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003165991A (ja) * 2001-11-30 2003-06-10 Chevron Texaco Japan Ltd 自動車エンジン用潤滑油組成物
JP2008106255A (ja) * 2006-09-26 2008-05-08 Chevron Japan Ltd 低硫酸灰分低硫黄低リン低亜鉛潤滑油組成物

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