WO2024087759A1 - 一种温控系统及储能系统 - Google Patents

一种温控系统及储能系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087759A1
WO2024087759A1 PCT/CN2023/108768 CN2023108768W WO2024087759A1 WO 2024087759 A1 WO2024087759 A1 WO 2024087759A1 CN 2023108768 W CN2023108768 W CN 2023108768W WO 2024087759 A1 WO2024087759 A1 WO 2024087759A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature control
heat
cooling
battery
pipeline
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/108768
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷政军
张三学
李鹏
Original Assignee
双澳储能科技(西安)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202211340682.1A external-priority patent/CN117954741A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211340604.1A external-priority patent/CN117477131A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211340608.XA external-priority patent/CN117477086A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211353758.4A external-priority patent/CN117477103A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202211470359.6A external-priority patent/CN117525664A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202320080677.5U external-priority patent/CN219457783U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202321177861.8U external-priority patent/CN219658804U/zh
Application filed by 双澳储能科技(西安)有限公司 filed Critical 双澳储能科技(西安)有限公司
Publication of WO2024087759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087759A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615Heating or keeping warm
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/627Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63Control systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567Liquids
    • H01M10/6568Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of batteries, and specifically relates to a temperature control system and an energy storage system.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in energy storage, power batteries and other fields. With the further development of lithium-ion batteries, the safety of lithium-ion batteries has also received special attention. Due to the principle and structural characteristics of lithium-ion batteries, a large amount of heat will be generated during the charging and discharging process, and the heat will gradually increase. If the generated heat is not released in time, the heat will accumulate in the single battery, causing uneven battery temperature, thereby reducing the battery life. In severe cases, the thermal balance of the battery is destroyed, triggering a series of self-heating side reactions, and then causing battery safety accidents.
  • the main method used is to dissipate heat from the battery body.
  • Chinese patent CN216872108U discloses a battery pack and its battery cooling structure.
  • the battery cooling structure includes a battery module, an upper liquid cooling plate and a lower liquid cooling plate.
  • the pole and explosion-proof valve area of the battery cell in the battery module are located on the upper end surface of the battery module;
  • the upper liquid cooling plate is located on the upper end surface of the battery module and is in heat exchange contact with the battery module.
  • the upper liquid cooling plate has a hollow structure for avoiding the pole and explosion-proof valve area of the battery cell;
  • the lower liquid cooling plate is located on the lower end surface of the battery module and is in heat exchange contact with the battery module.
  • the above-mentioned battery cooling structure by arranging a hollow structure for avoiding the pole and explosion-proof valve area of the battery cell on the upper liquid cooling plate, on the basis of arranging the upper liquid cooling plate on the upper end surface of the battery module, avoids the position of the pole of the battery cell and the explosion-proof valve area in space, which is beneficial to the welding of the pole bus bar and ensures the function of the explosion-proof valve.
  • the upper and lower end surfaces of the battery module are both heat-dissipated, the cooling effect of the battery module is improved, and the heat dissipation requirements are met.
  • the battery cooling structure can effectively dissipate heat from the battery body, but it can only process the heat of the battery inside the box, and cannot process the heat of the battery outside the box. At the same time, this cooling method cannot timely and effectively process the heat concentration of the battery, and has low cooling efficiency and high cooling energy consumption. In addition, this temperature control method has a complex structure and occupies a large space in the battery box.
  • the present application provides a temperature control system and an energy storage system.
  • the present application provides a temperature control system, which is used to process the transferred battery heat, or transfer the heat to the battery for temperature increase, and then realize the temperature control of the battery.
  • the temperature control system provided by the present application specifically includes the following structural forms:
  • the temperature control system includes a temperature control tube, a heating and cooling machine, a radiator, a circulation pump and a control valve assembly;
  • the temperature control tube is used to exchange heat with the battery in the box;
  • the heating and cooling machine is used to actively increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube, the liquid inlet of the heating and cooling machine is connected to the outlet of the temperature control tube through a first pipeline, and the liquid discharge port of the heating and cooling machine is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube through a second pipeline;
  • the radiator is connected in parallel to the first pipeline or the second pipeline, and is used to passively cool the medium in the temperature control tube;
  • the circulation pump is arranged on the first pipeline or the second pipeline, and is used to provide power for the flow of the medium;
  • the control valve assembly is used to control the connection between the heating and cooling machine and the radiator to achieve passive cooling of the medium; or, the control valve assembly controls the heating and cooling machine and the radiator to be disconnected, and the medium only flows into the heating and cooling machine to achieve active
  • a fan is provided on the outside of the radiator, and the fan further dissipates heat to the medium flowing through the radiator, thereby further increasing the heat dissipation effect of the radiator, increasing the use time of the radiator, reducing the working time of the cooling and heating machine, and reducing the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the inlet and outlet of the temperature control tube are both arranged outside the box, and are connected to the first pipe and the second pipe outside the box.
  • the inlet and outlet of the temperature control tube are both arranged outside the box, so that the installation, connection and disassembly of the temperature control tube and the first pipeline and the second pipeline are more convenient.
  • this method avoids the need to set a pipeline connector in the box, thereby avoiding the impact of medium leakage in the box on the battery.
  • control valve assembly includes a three-way electric valve, a first port of the three-way electric valve is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling and heating machine, a second port is connected to the first pipeline or the second pipeline, and a third port is connected to the outlet of the radiator.
  • a three-way electric valve only a single device is needed to realize the on and off of the medium in the cooling and heating machine and the radiator, so that the control valve assembly has a simple structure and is easy to install.
  • control valve assembly includes a first electric valve and a second electric valve, the first electric valve is arranged at the outlet of the radiator, and the second electric valve is arranged on the first pipeline, or the first electric valve is arranged at the inlet of the radiator, and the second electric valve is arranged on the second pipeline.
  • cooling and heating machine, circulation pump, radiator and control valve assembly are all arranged on the same side wall of the box body. This method can facilitate the arrangement and installation of various components and facilitate integration.
  • cooling and heating machine, circulating pump, radiator and control valve assembly are arranged in an integrated cabinet, and the integrated cabinet is arranged on the side wall of the box body. Arranging the cooling and heating machine, circulating pump, radiator and control valve assembly in the integrated cabinet not only further improves the degree of integration, but also improves the protection level of the cooling and heating machine, circulating pump, radiator and control valve assembly, thereby improving the service life of the above components.
  • the system also includes an electrical control box, which is connected to the cooling and heating machine, the circulation pump and the control valve assembly respectively, and is used to control the working status of the cooling and heating machine, the circulation pump and the control valve assembly.
  • the electrical control box can timely control the working status of the cooling and heating machine, the circulation pump and the control valve assembly to avoid control delay when the BMS system controls the cooling and heating machine, the circulation pump and the control valve assembly.
  • the electrical control box can operate the cooling and heating machine, the circulation pump and the control valve assembly on site, and has the characteristics of convenient operation.
  • the temperature control tube in the box is a single-circuit pipeline, which performs heat exchange with multiple batteries in the box.
  • the single-circuit pipeline can make the temperature control tube completely free of leakage points in the box, so that the sealing is very good when the medium circulates, avoiding the influence of medium leakage on the batteries in the box.
  • the box is a sealed box, which can increase the protection level of the batteries in the box and prevent external impurities and moisture from affecting the batteries in the box.
  • the temperature control tube in the box is arranged on the battery pole, and exchanges heat with the poles of multiple batteries.
  • the pole is where the heat of the battery gathers, and the heat at the pole is promptly conducted away to avoid the heat concentration of the battery and damage.
  • the temperature control tube, the first pipeline and the second pipeline are composed of one pipeline.
  • the temperature control system includes a safety device, a circulating heat exchange device and a pipeline assembly;
  • the safety device includes a cooling unit, and the cooling unit processes the thermal runaway flue gas generated by the battery;
  • the circulating heat exchange device includes a temperature control tube and a temperature control unit;
  • the temperature control tube is used to exchange heat with the battery;
  • the temperature control unit is used to cool the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube;
  • the heat exchange medium inlet of the temperature control unit is connected to the outlet of the temperature control tube through a first pipeline, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the temperature control unit is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube through a second pipeline;
  • the pipeline assembly includes a third pipeline; one end of the third pipeline is connected to the cooling unit, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline, which is used to inject the heat exchange medium in the circulating heat exchange device into the cooling unit to process the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery.
  • the above temperature control system can not only control the temperature of the battery when it is working normally (i.e., front-end suppression), but also process the thermal runaway flue gas of the battery when it is in thermal runaway (i.e., back-end processing), thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the battery when it is used.
  • the cooling medium in the circulating heat exchange device can be introduced into the cooling unit through a pipeline assembly, which reduces the complexity of the system and saves energy consumption to a certain extent.
  • the pipeline assembly further includes a stop valve disposed on the third pipeline, or the pipeline assembly further includes a three-way valve disposed at the connection between the third pipeline and the second pipeline.
  • the stop valve can make the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device
  • the three-way valve can be set in parallel to allow the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device to be set in series.
  • the above stop valve and three-way valve can meet the various flexible settings of the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device.
  • the temperature control unit includes a circulation pump and a cooling and heating machine, the inlet of the cooling and heating machine is connected to the first pipeline, the outlet of the cooling and heating machine is connected to the second pipeline, and the circulation pump is arranged on the first pipeline or the second pipeline to provide power for the flow of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube.
  • the cooling and heating machine can actively increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube, thereby increasing or decreasing the temperature of the battery, so that the operating temperature of the battery is within the optimal range.
  • the temperature control unit also includes a radiator and a control valve assembly.
  • the radiator is connected in parallel to the first pipeline or the second pipeline to passively cool the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube; the control valve assembly is used to control the connection between the cold and warm machine and the radiator to achieve passive cooling of the heat exchange medium; or, the control valve assembly controls the cold and warm machine and the radiator to be disconnected, and the heat exchange medium only flows into the cold and warm machine to achieve active warming or active cooling.
  • the circulating heat exchange device can control the temperature of the battery through a combination of a cold and warm machine and a radiator. In non-extreme conditions, the radiator is used to cool the battery using the ambient temperature. In extreme conditions, when the temperature is too high or too low, the cold and warm machine is started for heating or cooling.
  • This method has a low temperature control cost, avoids wasting energy when only a cold and warm machine is used, and avoids the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only a radiator is used.
  • control valve assembly includes a three-way electric valve, which is arranged at the connection between the radiator inlet and the second pipeline, and is used to control the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the radiator and the second pipeline, that is, the first port of the three-way electric valve is connected to the outlet of the cooling and heating machine, the second port is connected to the second pipeline, and the third port is connected to the inlet of the radiator.
  • the cooling and heating machine and the radiator are cut off or connected by the three-way valve, the use of a single device can not only achieve flexible switching, but also have high control accuracy and low control cost.
  • the circulating heat exchange device also includes a heater, which heats the operating environment of the battery or the battery.
  • the heater can be used in conjunction with a device that only has a refrigeration function (such as a water cooler). When the battery temperature exceeds a high temperature threshold or a low temperature, the corresponding refrigeration device or heater can be started as needed.
  • the heater can also be used in conjunction with a device with dual cooling and heating functions (such as a cooling and heating machine). When the battery temperature exceeds a high temperature threshold or a low temperature, the corresponding cooling and heating machine and heater can be started as needed.
  • the above-mentioned heating is double heating, that is, the cooling and heating machine heats the heat exchange medium at the same time. While the heat exchange medium heats the battery, the heater heats the air in the battery environment.
  • the cooling unit includes N cooling tanks connected in series, each cooling tank is provided with a cooling channel through which a heat exchange medium passes and a smoke channel through which smoke from thermal runaway of the battery passes, and at the same time, the cooling tank is provided with a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet connected to the cooling channel, and a smoke inlet and a smoke outlet connected to the smoke channel, the cooling inlet of the first cooling tank is connected to the third pipeline, the cooling outlet of the Nth cooling tank is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline or the first pipeline, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • This method is conducive to the setting of the cooling channel and the smoke channel in the cooling tank, making the structure of the cooling tank relatively simple.
  • a spirally distributed flue gas pipe is arranged in the cooling tank, the inner cavity of the flue gas pipe is a flue gas channel, and the inner cavity of the cooling tank outside the flue gas pipe is a cooling channel.
  • the flue gas pipe is arranged in a spiral shape in the cooling tank to increase the travel of the battery thermal runaway flue gas and to cool the thermal runaway flue gas more fully.
  • a reflux tank is provided at the outlet of at least one cooling tank, and the installation height of the reflux tank is lower than the height of the smoke outlet of the corresponding cooling tank, and is used to collect the liquid medium after the condensation of the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the number of the reflux tanks is set according to the number of batteries, and can be set at the smoke outlet of the first cooling tank or the Nth cooling tank, or can be set at the smoke outlets of multiple cooling tanks at the same time, preferably at the smoke outlet of the first cooling tank. When installed, the installation height of the reflux tank is lower than the height of the smoke outlet of the corresponding cooling tank.
  • the reflux tank can adopt a tank body of any shape, and of course, some flexible bag structures that do not react with the electrolyte are also adopted.
  • the purpose is: as long as it can collect small droplets of electrolyte in the thermal runaway smoke, after the electrolyte is collected, it can be prevented that the electrolyte in the high-temperature thermal runaway smoke is cooled and liquefied and then reacted with new electrolyte.
  • the high-temperature flue gas vaporizes and is brought back into the flue gas duct, creating the risk of subsequent explosion and combustion.
  • the safety device further includes an adsorption unit, which includes M adsorption tanks connected in series, wherein an adsorption medium is arranged in the adsorption tank, and the smoke inlet of the first adsorption tank is connected to the smoke outlet of the Nth cooling tank.
  • the battery thermal runaway smoke is cooled by the cooling tank and then adsorbed by the adsorption tank.
  • the adsorption unit adsorbs the combustible gas in the thermal runaway smoke, reduces the concentration of the combustible gas and the toxic gas, and avoids the impact of the discharged thermal runaway smoke environment.
  • M is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • a gas collection unit or ignition unit is also provided at the smoke exhaust port of the Mth adsorption tank, which is used to collect or ignite the residual thermal runaway flue gas after adsorption.
  • the gas collection unit or ignition unit can prevent the residual thermal runaway flue gas after adsorption from affecting the environment, and at the same time avoid the risk of secondary explosion.
  • the above safety device and temperature control unit can be arranged in an integrated cabinet.
  • the arrangement of the integrated cabinet not only further improves the integration degree of the cooling unit, the adsorption unit and the temperature control unit, but also improves the protection level of the cooling unit, the adsorption unit and the temperature control unit, thereby increasing the service life of each unit.
  • the temperature control system includes a temperature control device, a fluid replenishment and fluid replacement device and a circulation pump;
  • the temperature control device includes a temperature control tube and a temperature control unit;
  • the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube is used for heat exchange with the battery;
  • the temperature control unit is connected to the temperature control tube, and is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube;
  • the circulation pump is arranged on the temperature control tube, and is used to provide power for the flow of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube;
  • the fluid replenishment and fluid replacement device includes an exhaust valve, a first liquid pipe, a second liquid pipe, a first control valve, a second control valve and a third control valve;
  • the exhaust valve is arranged on the temperature control tube, and is used to exhaust the air in the temperature control tube during fluid replenishment and fluid replacement;
  • the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe are both connected to the temperature control tube,
  • the first control valve is arranged on the first liquid pipe, and the second control valve is
  • the above-mentioned fluid replenishment and replacement device and temperature control device are integrated into a temperature control system, which can promptly perform initial fluid filling of the temperature control device on site and fluid replenishment, fluid replacement, and fluid drainage during operation. No external equipment is required, the operation is convenient, and the system integration is high.
  • the temperature control device provided in the present application can stably control the cooling and heating of the battery, so that the battery can continue to operate at the optimal temperature under various working conditions and temperature environments.
  • the liquid replenishing and replacing device also includes an expansion tank connected to the temperature control tube, and the expansion tank is used to replenish the heat exchange medium in the temperature control device and balance the pressure of the heat exchange medium, so that the heat exchange medium in the temperature control device can continuously and stably exchange heat with the battery.
  • the expansion tank, the first liquid pipe, and the second liquid pipe are connected to the temperature control tube on the inlet side of the circulation pump to improve the safety of the circulation pump.
  • the liquid replenishment and replacement device also includes a liquid storage tank for storing heat exchange medium
  • the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe are both connected to the liquid storage tank
  • the liquid storage tank can be a fixed liquid storage pipe, fixedly connected to the first liquid pipe and the second liquid pipe, or a mobile liquid storage tank.
  • the liquid storage tank is a mobile liquid storage tank, which can replenish or replace liquid for multiple temperature control systems.
  • the above-mentioned fluid replenishment and replacement device also includes a pressure measuring device arranged on the temperature control tube, and the pressure measuring device is located on the temperature control tube on the outlet side of the circulation pump.
  • the pressure measuring device can be a pressure sensor or a pressure gauge, which is used to monitor the pressure of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube in real time, and judge whether the temperature control device is normal and whether additional fluid replenishment is required according to the pressure.
  • it also includes a filter, which filters and cleans the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube, so that the temperature control tube can perform heat exchange in a timely and efficient manner.
  • the temperature control unit includes a cooling and heating machine connected in series to the temperature control tube, and the cooling and heating machine is used to actively increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube.
  • the temperature control unit also includes a radiator and a control valve assembly.
  • the radiator is connected in parallel to the temperature control tube.
  • the control valve assembly is used to control whether the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube enters the radiator for cooling.
  • the present application controls the temperature of the battery by combining a cooling and heating machine and a radiator. In non-extreme conditions, the radiator is used to cool the battery using the ambient temperature. In extreme conditions, when the temperature is too high or too low, the cooling and heating machine is started for heating or cooling. This can achieve the best temperature control. Maximize the use of ambient temperature and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control. This method has a low temperature control cost, avoids the waste of energy when only using the cooling and heating machine, and avoids the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only using the radiator.
  • control valve assembly includes a first electric valve and a second electric valve, wherein the first electric valve is arranged at the outlet or the inlet of the radiator, and the second electric valve is arranged on the temperature control tube between the inlet and the outlet of the radiator.
  • a fan is provided on the outside of the radiator, and the fan further dissipates heat for the medium flowing through the radiator.
  • the fan further dissipates heat for the medium flowing through the radiator, thereby further increasing the heat dissipation effect of the radiator, increasing the use time of the radiator, reducing the working time of the cooling and heating machine, and reducing the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the temperature control system provided in the present application includes a push-pull box and a temperature control device; the temperature control device is located in the push-pull box and is used for heat exchange with the medium in the temperature control tube; the push-pull box is provided with a sliding assembly for cooperating with the energy storage cabinet, so that the entire push-pull box is transported into the energy storage cabinet by sliding installation.
  • the temperature control device includes a temperature controller and a main circulation pump; wherein the temperature controller is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube, and the inlet of the temperature controller is provided with a first pipeline for connecting to the outlet of the temperature control tube, and the outlet of the temperature controller is provided with a second pipeline for connecting to the inlet of the temperature control tube; at least one of the first pipeline and the second pipeline is provided with a first control valve for controlling the on-off of the medium between the temperature control tube and the temperature controller; the main circulation pump is arranged on the first pipeline or the second pipeline to provide power for the flow of the medium in the temperature control tube.
  • control switch of the first control valve is arranged on an operation panel, and the operation panel is a side panel of the push-pull box body which is perpendicular to the sliding direction.
  • a first water distributor is provided at the inlet of the first pipeline, and a second water distributor is provided at the outlet of the second pipeline.
  • the first water distributor and the second water distributor are provided with a plurality of temperature control interfaces connected to the multi-way temperature control tube.
  • the control switch of the first water distributor and the control switch of the second water distributor are both arranged on the operation panel, and the operation panel is a side panel of the push-pull box body perpendicular to the sliding direction.
  • a connecting joint is provided on the side panel of the push-pull box body, which is used to realize the connection between the branch pipelines of the first water distributor and the second water distributor and the multi-way temperature control tube.
  • first water separator and the second water separator are provided with a thermal runaway interface connected to the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.
  • auxiliary circulation pumps are provided on the branch pipes between the temperature control interface and the multi-channel temperature control tube, and on the branch pipes between the thermal runaway interface and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device.
  • water replenishment joints are provided on the main inlet interface of the first water distributor and the main outlet interface of the second water distributor for replenishing and replacing liquid in the temperature control device and the temperature control tube.
  • the water replenishment joint is a plug-in self-locking joint configured on the operation panel, and the operation panel is a side panel of the push-pull box body perpendicular to the sliding direction.
  • the sliding assembly includes a plurality of sliding rollers, and the sliding rollers are evenly distributed in groups of two at the bottom of the push-pull box body.
  • the temperature control system includes a heat transfer component and a heat dissipation component; the heat transfer component transfers the battery heat from inside the box to outside the box; the heat dissipation component is arranged outside the box to process the battery heat transferred by the heat transfer component.
  • the heat dissipation component includes a liquid cooling device and/or heat dissipation fins, and the liquid cooling device and/or heat dissipation fins are arranged in the portion of the heat transfer component located outside the box to process the battery heat transferred by the heat transfer component.
  • the liquid cooling device includes a liquid cooling plate or a liquid cooling tube, and the heat dissipating fins are arranged on the side wall of the liquid cooling plate or the outer wall of the liquid cooling tube, and are integrally arranged with the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube.
  • the plurality of heat dissipating fins extend along a heat transfer direction and are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the heat transfer direction, and the heat transfer direction is a direction in which the heat transfer component extends from inside the box to outside the box.
  • At least one heat dissipation channel is arranged on the outer side of the box body, and the heat dissipation component is arranged in the heat dissipation channel.
  • At least one exhaust fan is arranged in the heat dissipation channel, and the exhaust fan is used to remove the heat of the heat dissipation component through ambient airflow.
  • the box is a sealed box. Furthermore, it also includes a heat transfer pipe, which is arranged on the battery pole and is used to transfer the heat of the battery to the heat transfer component.
  • the heat dissipation component includes a compression refrigerator or a TEC refrigerator. Further, at least one heat dissipation channel is arranged on the outer side of the box, and the heat dissipation component is arranged in the heat dissipation channel.
  • the present application also provides an energy storage system, comprising a box, at least one battery and the above-mentioned temperature control system.
  • the energy storage system provided in the present application includes a box, a temperature control system and a battery; the battery is arranged in the box, and a through groove is arranged on the pole of the battery; the temperature control system includes a heat transfer component, a heat dissipation component and a heat transfer heat pipe; one section of the heat transfer heat pipe is arranged in the through groove of the pole of the battery, and the other section realizes heat exchange with the heat transfer component, and the pole and the heat transfer component are insulated; the heat transfer heat pipe transfers the battery heat to the heat transfer component; the heat transfer component transfers the battery heat from the box to the outside of the box; the heat dissipation component is arranged outside the box to process the battery heat transferred by the heat transfer component.
  • the depth of the through groove is less than the diameter of the heat transfer heat pipe, and the ratio of the diameter of the heat transfer heat pipe to the widest part of the through groove is 1:1.05 to 1:1.1.
  • the pole of the battery includes a side wall, a first end face and a second end face, and the through groove is arranged on the side wall or the first end face, and the minimum distance between the through groove and the second end face is 7 to 12 mm.
  • the through groove divides the first end face into a first area and a second area, the first area is an electrical connection area, and the area ratio of the first area to the area of the first end face is not less than 50%.
  • the length of the through groove is 0.7:1 to 0.9:1 to the width of the battery cover.
  • the height of the pole is 20 mm to 25 mm.
  • the cross section of the through groove is C-shaped or U-shaped.
  • the box body is a sealed box body. Furthermore, an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the through groove, or an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the heat transfer pipe.
  • the heat transfer component and the heat transfer heat pipe realize heat exchange through an insulating heat exchange component
  • the insulating heat exchange component is an insulating heat exchange plate or a thermally conductive insulating pad
  • the insulating heat exchange plate is a thermally conductive ceramic plate
  • the thermally conductive insulating pad is a thermally conductive silicone pad.
  • the energy storage system provided in the present application includes a box, a temperature control system and multiple batteries; the multiple batteries are arranged in the box, and a through groove is arranged on the pole of each battery;
  • the temperature control system includes a gravity heat pipe, a heat dissipation component and multiple heat transfer heat pipes; one section of a single heat transfer heat pipe is arranged in the through groove of the pole of at least one battery, and the other section realizes heat exchange with the gravity heat pipe, and the pole and the gravity heat pipe are insulated;
  • the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe is arranged in the box, realizes heat exchange with at least one heat transfer heat pipe, and the condensation section is arranged outside the box to transfer the battery heat from the box to the outside of the box;
  • the heat dissipation component includes heat dissipation fins and/or a liquid cooling device, and the heat dissipation fins and/or the liquid cooling device are arranged in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe to process the battery heat transferred by the gravity heat
  • the temperature control system also includes a liquid-cooled temperature control component;
  • the liquid-cooled temperature control component includes a single-circulation pipeline, the single-circulation pipeline is bent to form a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe arranged side by side, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe arranged side by side realize heat exchange with multiple heat transfer heat pipes; or, the liquid-cooled temperature control component includes two-circulation pipelines, the two circulation pipelines are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery, and are bent to form a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe arranged side by side, and respectively perform heat exchange with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on both sides of the battery.
  • the temperature control system also includes a liquid-cooled temperature control component;
  • the liquid-cooled temperature control component includes two circulation pipelines, and the two circulation pipelines are bent to form two liquid inlet pipes and two liquid return pipes, wherein the liquid inlet pipe of one circulation pipeline and the liquid return pipe of the other circulation pipeline perform heat exchange with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on one side of the battery, and the liquid return pipe of one circulation pipeline and the liquid inlet pipe of the other circulation pipeline perform heat exchange with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on the other side of the battery.
  • the cross section of the through groove is C-shaped or U-shaped, the depth of the through groove is smaller than the diameter of the heat transfer pipe, and the ratio of the diameter of the heat transfer pipe to the widest part of the through groove is 1:1.05 to 1:1.1.
  • the battery pole comprises a side wall, a first end face and a second end face
  • the through groove is arranged on the side wall or the first end face
  • the minimum distance between the groove bottom of the through groove and the second end face is 7 to 12 mm
  • the through groove divides the first end face into a first area and a second area
  • the first area is an electrical connection area
  • the area ratio of the first area to the area of the first end face is not less than 50%.
  • an insulating layer is arranged on the surface of the through groove, Alternatively, an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the heat transfer pipe.
  • the liquid cooling device includes a liquid cooling plate or a liquid cooling tube, and a plurality of heat dissipating fins are integrally arranged on the side wall of the liquid cooling plate or the outer wall of the liquid cooling tube, and the plurality of heat dissipating fins extend along the heat transfer direction and are arranged in sequence in a direction perpendicular to the heat transfer direction, and the heat transfer direction is the direction in which the gravity-type heat pipe extends from inside the box to outside the box.
  • At least one heat dissipation channel is arranged on the outer side of the box body, at least one exhaust fan is arranged in the heat dissipation channel, the heat dissipation component is arranged in the heat dissipation channel, and the exhaust fan is used to take away the heat of the heat dissipation component through airflow.
  • the gravity-type heat pipe, circulation pipeline and heat transfer heat pipe realize heat exchange through a heat exchange component
  • the heat exchange component includes a first pressure plate, an insulating heat exchange element and a second pressure plate arranged in sequence
  • the heat transfer heat pipe is arranged in the groove of the first pressure plate
  • the gravity-type heat pipe, liquid inlet pipe and liquid return pipe are arranged between the second pressure plate and the insulating heat exchange plate.
  • the insulating heat exchanger is an insulating heat exchange plate or a thermally conductive insulating pad
  • the insulating heat exchange plate is a thermally conductive ceramic plate
  • the thermally conductive insulating pad is a thermally conductive silicone pad
  • the heat transfer pipe is extruded and deformed in the groove of the first pressure plate, so that the side of the heat transfer pipe close to the insulating heat exchanger is extruded into a plane, which is used to increase the heat transfer efficiency.
  • a heat conducting plate is arranged between the second pressing plate and the insulating heat exchange plate, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are arranged between the insulating heat exchange plate and the heat conducting plate, and the gravity-type heat pipe is arranged between the heat conducting plate and the second pressing plate.
  • the box is a sealed box, and the volume of the working liquid in the gravity-type heat pipe is 30% to 50% of the volume of the inner cavity of the gravity-type heat pipe.
  • the temperature control system of this application controls the temperature of the battery through a combination of a heating and cooling machine and a radiator.
  • the radiator In non-extreme conditions, the radiator is used to cool the battery using the ambient temperature.
  • the heating and cooling machine In extreme conditions, when the temperature is too high or too low, the heating and cooling machine is started for heating or cooling. This can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • This method has a low temperature control cost, avoids the waste of energy when only the heating and cooling machine is used, and avoids the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only the radiator is used.
  • the temperature control system of this application is set up with double protection.
  • the circulating heat exchange device processes the heat generated by the battery during normal operation.
  • the cooling unit in the safety device cools the thermal runaway flue gas.
  • the temperature control system of the present application mainly connects the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device through a third pipeline so that the two can share a heat exchange medium.
  • the heat exchange medium as a coolant, can not only exchange heat with the battery during normal operation, but also exchange heat with the thermal runaway flue gas when the battery thermally runs away.
  • the whole system uses one set of heat exchange media to achieve two types of heat exchange. This method can not only reduce the cost of the system, but also reasonably arrange the positions of various components and reduce the installation space of the whole system.
  • the temperature control system of the present application is provided with a liquid replenishment and replacement device, which can initially fill the temperature control device with liquid on site, and can also perform liquid replenishment and replacement operations during battery operation.
  • the liquid replenishment and replacement device has a simple structure, only requires simple pipes and valves, has low cost, and is easy to operate.
  • the temperature control system of the present application integrates the temperature control device into the push-pull box, making the temperature control system highly integrated and realizing the modular design of the temperature control system, which is convenient for its overall installation, disassembly and maintenance; at the same time, this method is convenient for the arrangement and installation of various components in the temperature control device.
  • the push-pull box is provided with a sliding assembly, so that the push-pull box is transported into the energy storage cabinet by sliding installation, which not only realizes the rapid and reliable installation and disassembly of the temperature control device, but also improves the installation efficiency of the energy storage system.
  • the temperature control device includes a temperature controller and a main circulation pump.
  • the temperature control device cooperates with the temperature control tube in the energy storage cabinet to timely process the heat of the battery to avoid damage to the battery caused by concentrated heat from the battery, which is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of the battery.
  • the control switch of the first control valve is configured on the operation panel, and the operation panel is located at The openable door on the side of the energy storage cabinet can not only improve the convenience of operation of the entire temperature control system, but also facilitate the modular design of the entire temperature control system.
  • the temperature control system of this application integrates the connection joints between the temperature control device and the multi-channel temperature control tube on the side wall of the push-pull box. This setting not only makes the installation and removal of the temperature control tube and the temperature control device more convenient, but also avoids the setting of joints in the battery compartment and the influence of leakage of the medium in the temperature control tube on the battery.
  • the temperature control system of the present application has a first water distributor and a second water distributor, which can realize the simultaneous operation of multiple temperature control tubes, and thus can perform temperature control on batteries distributed in various positions of the energy storage cabinet in the shortest time, thereby improving the working efficiency of the temperature control system.
  • auxiliary circulation pumps are respectively provided on the branch pipes between the first water distributor, the second water distributor and the multiple temperature control tubes, and the auxiliary circulation pumps can circulate the media in different temperature control tubes respectively to realize diversified control of multiple temperature control tubes, and use corresponding temperature control tubes and batteries to realize heat exchange according to needs, thereby reducing temperature control energy consumption.
  • the first water distributor and the second water distributor have a thermal runaway interface connected to the cooling unit in the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, so that the temperature control system can not only realize the temperature control of the battery, but also introduce the cooling medium in the temperature control device into the cooling unit or the fire protection pipeline after the battery thermal runaway, so as to treat the thermal runaway flue gas or thermal runaway battery.
  • the main inlet interface of the first water distributor and the main outlet interface of the second water distributor are provided with a water supply joint, which can perform the initial filling of the temperature control system and the replenishment, replacement, and drainage of the fluid during operation, without the need for external equipment, convenient operation, and high system integration.
  • the water supply joint is a plug-in self-locking joint, which avoids leakage during replenishment and replacement of fluids and improves the safety of the temperature control system.
  • the temperature control system of the present application transfers the heat of the battery to the outside of the box through the heat transfer component, and processes the heat through the heat dissipation component outside the box, which discloses a method of processing the heat of the battery outside the box.
  • This method can not only avoid the concentration of battery heat in the box and affect the battery in the box, but also make full use of the temperature of the external environment, reduce the energy consumption of temperature control, and have a high cooling efficiency.
  • the temperature control system of the present application only needs to set part of the heat transfer component in the box and the heat dissipation component outside the box. This method has a simple structure, occupies only a small installation space inside the box, and has a good temperature control effect, which is of great significance for the safe and stable operation of the battery.
  • the heat transfer pipe is arranged in the through groove of the battery pole, in close contact with the battery pole.
  • the heat transfer pipe will promptly remove the heat from the pole, so that the temperature of the pole can be effectively controlled.
  • This method can promptly and effectively handle the heat generated by the battery, and the cooling efficiency is high; at the same time, this method can effectively handle the heat at the highest temperature of the battery in a timely manner, avoid the concentration of heat in the battery, and then avoid the damage to the battery caused by the uneven temperature caused by the excessively high local temperature of the battery, so that the heat of the battery can be balanced.
  • the present application transfers the heat of the battery to the outside of the box through the heat transfer component, and handles the heat through the heat dissipation component outside the box.
  • This method can not only avoid the concentration of battery heat in the box and affect the battery in the box, but also make full use of the temperature of the external environment and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the temperature control system of the present application transfers the heat of the battery to the outside of the box through a gravity-type heat pipe, and processes the heat through the heat dissipation component on the outside of the box.
  • This method can not only prevent the heat of the battery from being concentrated in the box and affecting the battery in the box, but also make full use of the temperature of the external environment and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the temperature of the battery is mainly concentrated on the pole.
  • the present application sets the heat transfer heat pipe on the battery pole. When the battery temperature is too high, the heat transfer heat pipe will promptly export the heat of the pole so that the temperature of the pole can be effectively controlled.
  • This method can effectively process the heat at the highest point of the battery temperature in a timely manner, avoid the concentration of battery heat, and then avoid the damage to the battery caused by the uneven temperature caused by the excessively high local temperature of the battery, so that the heat of the battery can be balanced and the heat dissipation effect is good.
  • the temperature control system of the present application only needs to set the heat transfer heat pipe on the pole and the heat dissipation component on the outside of the box.
  • This method has a simple structure, occupies only a small installation space inside the box, and has a good temperature control effect, which is of great significance to the safe and stable operation of the battery.
  • FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 1;
  • FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 2.
  • FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 3.
  • FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 4.
  • FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control system in Example 5.
  • FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a temperature control system in Example 6;
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a cooling tank in Example 5 and Example 6;
  • FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the adsorption tank in Example 5 and Example 6;
  • FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an ignition unit in Example 6.
  • FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage system in Example 7.
  • FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 8.
  • FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the temperature control system in the energy storage cabinet in Example 9;
  • FIG13 is a structural schematic diagram 1 of the temperature control system in Example 9;
  • FIG14 is a second structural schematic diagram of the temperature control system in Example 9;
  • FIG15 is a third structural diagram of the temperature control system in Example 9.
  • FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the temperature control system in Example 9;
  • FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the temperature control system in Example 10.
  • FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in Example 10.
  • FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation channel provided in the box body in Example 10;
  • FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the heat dissipation component in Embodiment 10 is a heat dissipation fin;
  • FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid cooling device as a heat dissipation component in Example 10;
  • FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation assembly in Example 10, which is a liquid cooling device and heat dissipation fins;
  • FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the heat dissipation component is a TEC in Example 10;
  • FIG24 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery in Example 10.
  • FIG25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating heat exchange element in Example 10.
  • FIG26 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the heat transfer pipe and the heat transfer component in Example 10.
  • FIG27 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery in Example 11.
  • FIG28 is a schematic diagram of the structure of heat transfer pipes provided on multiple battery poles in Example 11;
  • FIG29 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pole in Example 11.
  • FIG30 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pole in Example 11.
  • FIG31 is a schematic diagram of the size definition of a battery pole in Example 11.
  • FIG32 is a second schematic diagram of the size definition of the battery pole in Example 11.
  • FIG33 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the heat transfer heat pipe and the gravity type heat pipe in Example 12;
  • FIG34 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the insulating heat exchange element in Example 12.
  • FIG35 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the liquid cooling temperature control component and the heat transfer heat pipe and the gravity heat pipe in Example 12;
  • FIG36 is a schematic diagram of the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe arranged side by side in Example 12;
  • FIG37 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling temperature control assembly provided on one side of a battery in Example 12;
  • FIG38 is a schematic diagram of a liquid cooling temperature control assembly provided on both sides of the battery in Example 12;
  • Figure 39 is a second schematic diagram of the liquid cooling temperature control components set on both sides of the battery in Example 12.
  • FIG. 1 Figure numerals: 11-temperature control tube, 12-cooling and heating machine, 13-radiator, 14-circulating pump, 15-control valve assembly, 16-first pipeline, 17-second pipeline, 18-battery, 19-box, 110-fan, 111-electrical control box, 112-integrated cabinet, 101-inlet, 102-outlet, 121-liquid inlet, 122-liquid discharge port, 131-third pipeline, 132-fourth pipeline, 151-three-way electric moving valve, 152-first electric valve, 153-second electric valve, 21-cooling unit, 22-temperature control tube, 23-temperature control unit, 24-first pipeline, 25-second pipeline, 26-pipeline assembly, 27-adsorption unit, 28-gas collection unit, 29-ignition unit, 210-integrated cabinet, 2101-battery, 2102-box, 2103-pressure relief pipe, 2104-manifold, 211-cooling tank, 212- Reflux tank, 2111-cooling channel, 2112-smoke
  • the temperature control tube in the present application is a pipeline with heat exchange function, and the tube is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as an aluminum tube, a copper tube, a plastic tube with high thermal conductivity, etc.
  • the medium in the temperature control tube is a liquid heat exchange medium, such as water, ethylene glycol/water (50:50V/V), propylene glycol/water (50/50V/V), methanol/water (40/60wt/wt), ethanol/water (44/56wt/wt), calcium formate/water (40/60wt/wt), etc.
  • the temperature control system includes a temperature control tube 11, a cooling and heating machine 12, a radiator 13, a circulation pump 14 and a control valve assembly 15;
  • the cooling and heating machine 12 is a device with heating and cooling functions, and the radiator 13 is a device with heat dissipation function, on which a plurality of heat dissipation fins, such as an evaporator, are arranged.
  • the temperature control tube 11 is used for heat exchange with the battery 18 in the box 19; the cooling and heating machine 12 is used for actively heating or cooling the medium in the temperature control tube 11, the liquid inlet 121 of the cooling and heating machine 12 is connected to the outlet 102 of the temperature control tube 11 through the first pipeline 16, and the liquid discharge port 122 of the cooling and heating machine 12 is connected to the inlet 101 of the temperature control tube 11 through the second pipeline 17; the radiator 13 is connected in parallel to the first pipeline 16, and is used for passively cooling the medium in the temperature control tube 11.
  • the inlet of the radiator 13 When specifically connected, the inlet of the radiator 13 is connected to the first pipeline 16 through the third pipeline 131, and the outlet is connected to the first pipeline 16 through the fourth pipeline 132; the circulating pump 14 is arranged on the second pipeline 17, and is used to provide power for the flow of the medium.
  • the control valve assembly 15 is used to control the connection between the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13 to achieve passive cooling of the medium; alternatively, the control valve assembly 15 controls the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13 to be disconnected, and the medium only flows into the cooling and heating machine 12 to achieve active heating or cooling.
  • the temperature control tube 11, the first pipeline 16 and the second pipeline 17 can be composed of one pipeline, that is, the temperature control tube 11, the first pipeline 16 and the second pipeline 17 are an integrated pipeline.
  • This structural form reduces the number of pipeline joints and makes the system installation and disassembly simpler and more convenient.
  • control valve assembly 15 can specifically adopt valves of different control modes or structures, as long as they can control the on and off of the medium.
  • pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. can be specifically adopted.
  • electric valves are preferably adopted. Electric valves are easy to control, easy to operate, and easy to install on site.
  • the control valve assembly 15 specifically includes a first electric valve 152 and a second electric valve 153.
  • the first electric valve 152 is arranged at the outlet of the radiator 13, That is, it is arranged on the fourth pipeline 132, and the second electric valve 153 is arranged on the first pipeline 16 and is located after the inlet of the third pipeline 131.
  • the first electric valve 152 and the second electric valve 153 are controlled by the BMS system of the battery, and the BMS system controls the working status of the first electric valve 152 and the second electric valve 153 according to the collected battery temperature.
  • the working principle of the above system is: when the temperature of the battery 18 is too high, the first electric valve 152 is opened, the second electric valve 153 is closed, and the medium in the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18. Then, the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the radiator 13 through the first pipeline 16, and the radiator 13 processes the heat in the medium. Then, the cooled medium enters the heating and cooling machine 12 and circulates through the circulation pump 14. At this time, the heating and cooling machine 12 does not work, and the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17, exchanges heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving passive cooling through the radiator 13.
  • the first electric valve 152 When the temperature of the battery 18 is too high and exceeds the threshold, the first electric valve 152 is closed, the second electric valve 153 is opened, the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18, and then the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the cooling and heating machine 12 through the first pipeline 16. At this time, the cooling and heating machine 12 works and circulates through the circulation pump 14 to cool the medium. Then, the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17 to exchange heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving active cooling through the cooling and heating machine 12.
  • the first electric valve 152 When the temperature of the battery 18 is too low, the first electric valve 152 is closed, the second electric valve 153 is opened, the cooling and heating machine 12 works, and circulates through the circulation pump 14 to increase the temperature of the medium.
  • the heated medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17 to exchange heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving active temperature increase through the cooling and heating machine 12.
  • the above system performs combined active heat dissipation, active heating and passive heat dissipation on the battery 18 through the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13. This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery 18 can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoids wasting energy when only active cooling is used, and avoids the defect that the temperature of the battery 18 cannot be controlled in time when only passive cooling is used.
  • the temperature control tube 11 when the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18 in the box 19, the temperature control tube 11 is arranged on the shell of the battery 18 or on the pole of the battery 18, that is, the temperature control tube 11 is arranged between the bodies of adjacent batteries for heat exchange with the battery bodies, or the temperature control tube 11 is arranged above the battery pole to exchange heat with the battery pole.
  • the temperature control tube 11 is arranged on the pole, if the temperature control tube 11 is a metal part, insulation treatment needs to be performed between the temperature control tube and the pole, such as setting a thermal conductive insulation layer.
  • the temperature control tube 11 Since the temperature of the battery 18 is mainly concentrated on the pole, when the pole temperature of the battery 18 is too high, the temperature control tube 11 will promptly remove the heat of the pole, and then transfer it to the outside of the box 19, so as to achieve heat treatment outside the box 19.
  • This temperature control method makes full use of the heat of the external environment, so that the energy consumption of the temperature control of the battery 18 is reduced, and at the same time, it also avoids the heat of the battery 18 from being concentrated in the box 19, which causes damage to the battery 18 in the box 19.
  • the temperature control system in this embodiment uses a radiator and a cooling and heating machine to perform combined active heat dissipation, active temperature increase, and passive heat dissipation on the battery.
  • This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoid wasting energy when only active temperature control is used, and avoid the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only passive temperature control is used.
  • This setting allows the radiator to fully exchange heat with the external environment and make full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the start time of active cooling and saving energy.
  • the temperature control system provided in this embodiment also includes an electrical control box 111.
  • the electrical control box 111 can be a conventional electrical control cabinet.
  • the electrical control box 111 is respectively connected to the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14 and the control valve assembly 15.
  • the electrical control box 111 can control the working status of the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14 and the control valve assembly 15 in time to avoid the control delay caused by the BMS system controlling the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14 and the control valve assembly 15.
  • the electrical control box 111 can operate the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14 and the control valve assembly 15 on site, which is easy to operate.
  • control valve assembly 15 of this embodiment only includes a three-way electric valve 151.
  • the first port of the three-way electric valve 151 is connected to the liquid inlet 121 of the cooling and heating machine 12, the second port is connected to the first pipeline 16, and the third port is connected to the outlet of the radiator 13, that is, connected to the fourth pipeline 132.
  • the three-way electric valve is used for control, only a single device is needed to achieve control, the structure is simple, and the installation is convenient.
  • the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 of the temperature control tube 11 are both arranged outside the box 19, and are connected to the first pipeline 16 and the second pipeline 17 outside the box 19.
  • the inlet and outlet of the temperature control tube 11 are both arranged outside the box 19, so that the installation, connection and disassembly of the temperature control tube 11 and the first pipeline 16 and the second pipeline 17 are more convenient.
  • this method avoids the installation of pipeline connectors in the box, thereby avoiding the impact of medium leakage in the box on the battery.
  • the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 is a single-circuit circulation pipeline, and the single-circuit circulation pipeline performs heat exchange with multiple batteries 18 in the box 19.
  • the single-circuit circulation pipeline can make the temperature control tube 11 completely free of leakage points in the box, and the sealing is very good when the medium circulates, further avoiding the impact of medium leakage on the batteries in the box.
  • a fan 110 is further provided on the outside of the radiator 13, and the fan 110 further dissipates the heat of the medium in the radiator 13.
  • the battery 18 can generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process.
  • a fan is provided in order to dissipate the heat and make use of the ambient temperature as much as possible.
  • the control of the temperature of the battery 18 is mainly an energy consumption issue.
  • the use of refrigeration equipment such as air conditioners consumes a lot of energy, so the ambient temperature is used to control the temperature of the battery as much as possible.
  • This solution uses the radiator 13 to use the ambient temperature to cool the battery when the temperature is not extreme. In extreme cases, when the temperature is too high or too low, the heating and cooling machine 12 is started for heating or cooling. This can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the working principle of the above system is: when the temperature of the battery 18 is too high, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve 151 are connected, and the second port is closed, and the medium in the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18. Subsequently, the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the radiator 13 through the first pipeline 16, and the radiator 13 processes the heat in the medium. Subsequently, the cooled medium enters the heating and cooling machine 12 and circulates through the circulation pump 14. At this time, the heating and cooling machine 12 does not work, and only ensures the passage of the medium. Subsequently, the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17, exchanges heat with the battery 18, and thus realizes passive cooling through the radiator 13.
  • the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed, and the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18.
  • the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the cooling and heating machine 12 through the first pipeline 16.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12 works to cool the medium and circulates it through the circulation pump 14.
  • the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17 to exchange heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving active cooling through the cooling and heating machine 12.
  • the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve 151 are connected, and the third port is closed.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12 works to increase the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube and circulates it through the circulation pump 14. Subsequently, the increased temperature medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17 to exchange heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving active temperature increase through the cooling and heating machine 12.
  • the system uses the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13 to perform combined active heat dissipation, active heating and passive heat dissipation on the battery 18. This method can ensure that the heat of the battery 18 can be effectively processed while reducing the temperature control cost, avoiding energy waste when only active cooling is used, and avoiding the defect that the temperature of the battery 18 cannot be controlled in time when only passive cooling is used.
  • the temperature control system includes a temperature control tube 11, a cooling and heating machine 12, a radiator 13, a circulating pump 14, a control valve assembly 15 and an electrical control box 111; the temperature control tube 11 is used to exchange heat with a battery 18 in a box 19; the cooling and heating machine 12 is used to actively increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube 11, the liquid inlet 121 of the cooling and heating machine 12 is connected to the outlet 102 of the temperature control tube 11 through a first pipeline 16, and the liquid discharge port 122 of the cooling and heating machine 12 is connected to the inlet 101 of the temperature control tube 11 It is connected through the second pipeline 17; the radiator 13 is connected in parallel to the second pipeline 17, and is used to passively cool the medium in the temperature control tube 11.
  • the inlet of the radiator 13 is connected to the second pipeline 17 through the third pipeline 131, and the outlet is connected to the second pipeline 17 through the fourth pipeline 132;
  • the circulation pump 14 is arranged on the first pipeline 16, and is used to provide power for the flow of the medium.
  • the circulation pump 14 can also be arranged on the second pipeline 17, as long as it can provide power for the flow of the medium.
  • the above-mentioned electrical control box 111 is respectively connected to the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulation pump 14 and the control valve assembly, and is used to control the working states of the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulation pump 14 and the control valve assembly respectively.
  • a fan 110 is also arranged on the outside of the radiator 13, and the fan 110 dissipates heat for the medium in the radiator 13.
  • the inlet 101 and the outlet 102 of the temperature control tube 11 are both arranged outside the box 19, and are connected to the first tube outside the box 19.
  • the first pipe 16 and the second pipe 17 are connected.
  • the temperature control pipe 11 in the box 19 is a single-circuit circulation pipe, which performs heat exchange with multiple batteries 18 in the box 19. This method makes the temperature control part in the box simple in structure, and there is no complex temperature control structure in the box, which makes the layout of the components in the box simpler and more convenient.
  • the other components of the temperature control system are all set outside the battery 18, which has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and no space occupation.
  • the control valve assembly 15 of this embodiment includes a second electric valve 153 arranged on the second pipeline 17 and a first electric valve 152 arranged on the third pipeline 131.
  • the control valve assembly 15 is used to control the connection between the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13 to achieve passive cooling of the medium, or the control valve assembly 15 controls the cooling and heating machine 12 and the radiator 13 to be disconnected, and the medium only flows into the cooling and heating machine 12 to achieve active heating or cooling.
  • the control valve assembly 15 includes a first electric valve 152 and a second electric valve 153.
  • the first electric valve 152 is arranged at the inlet of the radiator 13, and the second electric valve 153 is arranged on the second pipeline 17.
  • the first electric valve 152 is opened, the second electric valve 153 is closed, and the medium in the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18.
  • the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the cooling and heating machine 12 through the first pipeline 16.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12 does not work, and circulates through the circulation pump 14.
  • the uncooled medium enters the radiator 13, and the radiator 13 processes the heat in the medium.
  • the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17, and exchanges heat with the battery 18, thereby realizing passive cooling through the radiator 13.
  • the first electric valve 152 is closed, the second electric valve 153 is opened, the temperature control tube 11 exchanges heat with the battery 18, and then the medium in the temperature control tube 11 enters the cooling and heating machine 12 through the first pipeline 16.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12 works to cool the medium and circulates it through the circulation pump 14. Then, the cooled medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17.
  • the first electric valve 152 When the temperature of the battery 18 is too low, the first electric valve 152 is closed, the second electric valve 153 is opened, the cooling and heating machine 12 works to increase the temperature of the medium and circulates it through the circulation pump 14. Then, the heated medium returns to the temperature control tube 11 in the box 19 through the second pipeline 17 and exchanges heat with the battery 18, thereby achieving active temperature increase through the cooling and heating machine 12.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14, the radiator 13 and the control valve assembly are arranged on the same side wall of the box 19.
  • This method can facilitate the arrangement and installation of various components and realize modular installation and management.
  • the temperature control system also includes an integrated cabinet 112, and the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14, the radiator 13 and the control valve assembly 15 are arranged in the integrated cabinet 112.
  • the integrated cabinet 112 is arranged on the side wall of the box 19, and the side wall of the integrated cabinet 112 is a hollow structure.
  • the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14, the radiator 13 and the control valve assembly 15 are arranged in the integrated cabinet 112, which not only further improves the degree of integration, but also improves the protection level of the cooling and heating machine 12, the circulating pump 14, the radiator 13 and the control valve assembly 15, thereby improving the service life of the above components, and then improving the service life of the entire temperature control system.
  • the box 19 is a sealed box.
  • the sealed box can not only improve the protection level of the battery 18, but also prevent external dust and water vapor from entering the box 19 and affecting the battery 18 in the box 19. More importantly, after sealing, the box 19 is relatively isolated from the external environment, and the temperature inside the box 19 is relatively consistent, which prevents the heat of the battery 18 from being concentrated in a certain place.
  • the present application also provides a temperature control system of another structure, which includes a safety device and a circulating heat exchange device.
  • the safety device mainly includes a cooling unit, which mainly processes the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery.
  • the circulating heat exchange device includes a temperature control tube and a temperature control unit, which mainly processes the heat generated by the normal operation of the battery.
  • the temperature control unit is a device with heating and/or cooling functions, such as a cold and warm machine, a water cooler, etc.
  • the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device in the temperature control system of the present application are connected by a third pipeline.
  • the cooling unit and the circulating heat exchange device can use the same liquid medium, which makes the layout of the entire system simpler and more flexible, while also reducing the operating cost of the entire system.
  • the above-mentioned cooling unit uses liquid cooling to cool the thermal runaway smoke.
  • liquid cooling Compared with some methods of filling solids as cooling materials, liquid cooling has advantages in cooling efficiency, cost, structure and other aspects.
  • the liquid medium has a large heat capacity, can be dynamically circulated, has a good cooling effect, and can quickly The thermal runaway flue gas is fully cooled. Therefore, compared with solid cooling materials, when treating the same volume of thermal runaway flue gas, liquid cooling has the characteristics of fast cooling speed, dynamic circulation, and good cooling effect.
  • liquid cooling specifically coolants such as water or ethylene glycol solution, can be used.
  • an adsorption unit, a gas collection unit or an ignition unit can be set in sequence after the cooling unit.
  • the present application does not limit the specific structure of the above units, and the existing structure can be adopted as long as it can meet its functions.
  • the structure of the system of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments.
  • the temperature control system provided in this embodiment includes a safety device, a circulating heat exchange device and a pipeline assembly 26;
  • the safety device includes a cooling unit 21, and the cooling unit 21 processes the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery;
  • the circulating heat exchange device includes a temperature control tube 22 and a temperature control unit 23;
  • the temperature control tube 22 is used to perform heat exchange with the battery 2101;
  • the temperature control unit 23 is used to heat up or cool down the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22;
  • the heat exchange medium inlet of the temperature control unit 23 is connected to the outlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a first pipeline 24, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the temperature control unit 23 is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a second pipeline 25;
  • the pipeline assembly 26 includes a third pipeline 261; one end of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the cooling unit 21, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline 25, and is used to inject the heat exchange medium in the circulating heat exchange device into the cooling unit 21 to process the thermal runaway smoke of
  • the cooling unit 21 of this embodiment includes at least one cooling tank 211. If there are multiple cooling tanks 211, the multiple cooling tanks 211 are connected in series in sequence through hoses. Each cooling tank 211 is provided with a cooling channel 2111 through which a heat exchange medium passes and a smoke channel 2113 through which thermal runaway flue gas passes. At the same time, the cooling tank 211 is provided with a cooling inlet 2114 and a cooling outlet 2115 connected to the cooling channel 2111, as well as a smoke inlet 2116 and a smoke outlet 2117 connected to the smoke channel 2113.
  • the cooling channel 2111 and the smoke channel 2113 are independent channels. The thermal runaway flue gas and the heat exchange medium do not interfere with each other when passing through.
  • the heat exchange medium can absorb the heat in the thermal runaway flue gas and cool it.
  • a reflux tank 212 is also provided at the flue gas outlet 2117 of the cooling tank 211. At this time, the installation height of the reflux tank 212 is lower than the height of the flue gas outlet 2117 of the cooling tank 211, and is used to collect the liquid medium after the thermal runaway flue gas is condensed.
  • the flue gas pipe 2112 in this embodiment is a spiral structure, that is, a spiral tube structure.
  • the inlet and outlet of the spiral tube are the flue gas inlet 2116 and the flue gas outlet 2117 respectively.
  • the open end above the cooling tank 211 is the cooling inlet 2114, and the protruding tube arranged on the side wall below the cooling tank is the cooling outlet 2115.
  • the spiral structure of the flue gas pipe increases the travel of the thermal runaway gas in the flue gas pipe, and increases the contact area between the flue gas pipe 2112 and the cooling channel 2111, thereby achieving a good cooling effect.
  • the temperature control unit 23 of this embodiment includes a circulation pump 231 and a cooling and heating machine 232.
  • the cooling and heating machine 232 is used to actively increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22.
  • the inlet of the cooling and heating machine 232 is connected to the first pipeline 24, and the outlet of the cooling and heating machine 232 is connected to the second pipeline 25.
  • the circulation pump 231 is arranged on the first pipeline 24.
  • the circulation pump 231 can also be arranged on the second pipeline 25, as long as it can provide power for the flow of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22.
  • the cooling and heating machine 232 can also be replaced by a water cooler, which only has a cooling effect.
  • a heater can be arranged in the battery operating environment.
  • the heater can be a heater to heat the battery operating environment, or a heating plate can be arranged on the battery shell to heat the battery body. This setting that can both heat and cool can ensure that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range.
  • the cooling unit 21 and the circulating heat exchange device are connected in series through the third pipeline 261, that is, a three-way valve 262 is set at the connection between the third pipeline 261 and the second pipeline 25.
  • the inlet of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the first port of the three-way valve 262, and the outlet of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the cooling inlet 2114 of the cooling tank 211.
  • the outlet 2115 is connected to the second pipeline 25, and the connection position is located on the second pipeline 25 behind the three-way valve 262.
  • the second port and the third port of the three-way valve 262 are both connected to the second pipeline 25, and the second port is connected to the outlet of the cooling and heating machine 232, and the third port is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube.
  • the three-way valve 262 controls the liquid after temperature adjustment from the cooling and heating machine 232 to enter the temperature control tube 22 only through the second pipeline 25 when the battery is working normally. If the battery has thermal runaway, the three-way valve 262 controls the liquid cooled from the cooling and heating machine 232 to first cool the thermal runaway flue gas through the cooling tank 211, and then return to the inlet of the temperature control tube 22 to cool the battery.
  • an adsorption unit 27 may also be provided at the flue gas outlet 2117 of the last cooling tank 211, and the adsorption unit 27 includes a plurality of adsorption tanks 271 connected in series, each of which is filled with an adsorption medium; the battery thermal runaway flue gas is cooled by the cooling tank 211 and then adsorbed by the adsorption tank 271.
  • a plurality of porous plates 2721 distributed at intervals are provided in the above-mentioned adsorption tank 271, and two adjacent porous plates 2721 are axially connected by connecting rods 2723 with threads at both ends, that is, the two ends of the connecting rod 2723 pass through the porous plates 2721 respectively, and then are fixed by nuts.
  • the two adjacent porous plates 2721 and the inner wall of the adsorption tank 271 form an adsorption chamber 2722. If there are two porous plates 2721, one adsorption chamber 2722 is formed, and the adsorption medium is filled in part or all of the adsorption chambers 2722.
  • a gas collection unit 28 is provided at the outlet of the last adsorption tank 271 , and the gas collection unit 28 adopts a collection bag or a collection tank.
  • the above safety device is connected to the explosion vent provided on the battery housing.
  • the temperature control tube and the temperature control unit in the circulating heat exchange device control the temperature of the battery.
  • the explosion vent opens, and the high-temperature substances inside the battery will enter the flue gas channel 2113 through the explosion vent.
  • the heat exchange medium cooled by the cold and warm machine 232 first cools the thermal runaway flue gas through the cooling tank 211, and then returns to the inlet of the temperature control tube 22 to cool the battery.
  • the heat exchange medium in the cooling channel 2111 cools the thermal runaway flue gas, some solid particles in the high-temperature substances lose their activity, and the vaporized electrolyte re-condenses.
  • the various substances in the flue gas channel 2113 After the various substances in the flue gas channel 2113 are cooled, they enter the adsorption chamber 2722, and all solids, liquids and most of the combustible gases are adsorbed by the adsorption medium in the adsorption chamber 2722, and the small molecular gases such as nitrogen that are not adsorbed are discharged or collected.
  • the device collects various substances generated after the thermal runaway of the battery through cooling, adsorption, and then does not cause explosions, fires and other dangers.
  • the temperature control system includes a safety device, a circulating heat exchange device and a pipeline assembly 26;
  • the safety device includes a cooling unit 21, and the cooling unit 21 processes the thermal runaway smoke generated by the battery;
  • the circulating heat exchange device includes a temperature control tube 22 and a temperature control unit 23;
  • the temperature control tube 22 is used to perform heat exchange with the battery 2101;
  • the temperature control unit 23 is used to cool the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22;
  • the heat exchange medium inlet of the temperature control unit 23 is connected to the outlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a first pipeline 24, and the heat exchange medium outlet of the temperature control unit 23 is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a second pipeline 25;
  • the pipeline assembly 26 includes a third pipeline 261; one end of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the cooling unit 21, and the other end is connected to the second pipeline 25, and is used to inject the heat exchange medium in the circulating heat exchange device into the cooling unit 21 to process the thermal runaway smoke of the battery 2101.
  • the cooling unit 21 of this embodiment includes at least one cooling tank 211. If there are multiple cooling tanks 211, the multiple cooling tanks 211 are connected in series in sequence through hoses. Each cooling tank 211 is provided with a cooling channel 2111 through which a heat exchange medium passes and a smoke channel 2113 through which the thermal runaway flue gas passes. At the same time, the cooling tank 211 is provided with a cooling inlet 2114 and a cooling outlet 2115 connected to the cooling channel 2111, as well as a smoke inlet 2116 and a smoke outlet 2117 connected to the smoke channel 2113.
  • the cooling channel 2111 and the smoke channel 2113 are independent channels. The thermal runaway flue gas and the heat exchange medium do not interfere with each other when passing through.
  • the heat exchange medium can absorb the heat in the thermal runaway flue gas and cool it.
  • a reflux tank 212 is also provided at the smoke outlet 2117 of the above-mentioned cooling tank 211. At this time, the installation height of the reflux tank 212 is lower than the height of the smoke outlet 2117 of the cooling tank 211, and is used to collect the liquid medium after the thermal runaway flue gas is condensed.
  • an adsorption unit 27 may be provided at the flue gas outlet 2117 of the last cooling tank 211.
  • the thermal runaway flue gas is cooled by the cooling tank 211 and then adsorbed by the adsorption tank 271.
  • an ignition unit 29 is set after the adsorption unit 27.
  • the number of ignition units 29 can be set according to the number and demand of batteries, and can be set to 1 or more. Setting it to 2 or more can ensure the reliability of ignition. When one ignition unit 29 fails or malfunctions, other ignition units 29 can work normally.
  • a single ignition unit 29 specifically includes an exhaust pipe 291, an igniter 292 and a trigger 294.
  • the inlet of the exhaust pipe 291 is connected to the outlet of the last adsorption tank 271.
  • the igniter 292 is arranged at the outlet end of the exhaust pipe 291, and is used to ignite the thermal runaway flue gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 291.
  • the trigger 294 is arranged on the exhaust pipe 291, and is used to start the igniter 292 when the thermal runaway flue gas passes through the exhaust pipe 291.
  • the trigger 294 in this embodiment can be a sensor of different structures, as long as it can send a signal when the battery is thermally runaway, that is, when the battery is thermally runaway, parameters such as temperature, pressure or gas volume fraction are detected in real time, and a signal can be sent when the set threshold is exceeded.
  • the signal can be an electrical signal or a mechanical signal.
  • the above-mentioned sensor can be one of a pressure sensor, a gas sensor or a temperature sensor.
  • a flame arrester 293 can also be arranged on the above-mentioned exhaust pipe 291, and the flame arrester 293 prevents the flame from transmitting downward, and can be a one-way valve or a pipeline flame arrester.
  • a rain cover may be provided at the top of the exhaust pipe 291 to prevent external impurities or water vapor from entering the exhaust pipe 291.
  • the igniter 292 may have various structures, for example, an existing arc igniter or a resistance wire igniter may be used, the arc igniter may be a pulse igniter, and the igniter may be powered by dry batteries or alternating current according to the on-site environment.
  • the temperature control unit 23 provided in this embodiment includes a temperature control tube 22, a cooling and heating machine 232, a radiator 233, a circulation pump 231 and a control valve assembly 234; the temperature control tube 22 is used for heat exchange with the battery; the cooling and heating machine 232 is used for actively heating or cooling the medium in the temperature control tube 22, the inlet of the cooling and heating machine 232 is connected to the outlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a first pipeline 24, and the outlet of the cooling and heating machine 232 is connected to the inlet of the temperature control tube 22 through a second pipeline 25; the radiator 233 is connected in parallel to the second pipeline 25, and is used for passively cooling the medium in the temperature control tube 22.
  • the inlet of the radiator 233 is connected to the second pipeline 25 through a pipeline, and the outlet is connected to the second pipeline 25 through a pipeline; the circulation pump 231 is arranged on the second pipeline 25, and is used for providing power for the flow of the medium.
  • the control valve assembly 234 is used to control the connection between the cooling and heating machine 232 and the radiator 233 to achieve passive cooling of the medium; alternatively, the control valve assembly 234 controls the cooling and heating machine 232 and the radiator 233 to be disconnected, and the medium only flows into the cooling and heating machine 232 to achieve active heating or cooling.
  • the control valve assembly 234 may specifically adopt valves of different control modes or structures, as long as they can control the on and off of the medium, for example, pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. may be specifically adopted.
  • the control valve assembly 234 only includes a three-way electric valve, the first port of which is connected to the outlet of the cooling and heating machine 232, the second port is connected to the second pipeline 25, and the third port is connected to the inlet of the radiator 233. It is specifically arranged at the connection between the radiator inlet and the second pipeline, and is used to control the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the radiator and the second pipeline.
  • the three-way electric valve is used for control, only a single device is needed to realize the control, and the structure is simple and the installation is convenient.
  • the circulating heat exchange device in this embodiment performs combined active heat dissipation, active temperature increase, and passive heat dissipation on the battery through the radiator 233 and the cooling and heating machine 232.
  • This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoid wasting energy when only active temperature control is used, and avoid the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only passive temperature control is used.
  • This setting allows the radiator 233 to fully exchange heat with the external environment, fully utilize the temperature of the external environment, thereby reducing the start time of active cooling and saving energy.
  • the cooling unit 21 and the circulating heat exchange device are connected in parallel through the third pipeline 261, that is, a stop valve 263 is set on the third pipeline 261.
  • the inlet of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the second pipeline 25
  • the outlet of the third pipeline 261 is connected to the cooling inlet 2114 of the cooling tank 211
  • the cooling outlet 2115 of the cooling tank 211 is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline 25 or the first pipeline 24.
  • the stop valve 263 is closed, and the heat exchange medium circulates in the temperature control unit 23 and the temperature control tube 22 to increase or decrease the temperature of the battery.
  • the stop valve 263 is opened, and part of the heat exchange medium in the circulating heat exchange device is injected into the cooling channel 2111 of the cooling tank 211, and the heat exchange medium in the flue gas channel 2113 is increased. Thermal runaway smoke is cooled.
  • the working principle of the above system is: when the battery is working, the stop valve 263 is closed. If the battery temperature is too high, the first port and the third port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the second port is closed. After the medium in the temperature control tube 22 exchanges heat with the battery, the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22 increases, and the heat exchange medium with the increased temperature enters the cooling and heating machine 232. At this time, the cooling and heating machine 232 does not work, and only ensures the passage of the medium. Subsequently, the heat exchange medium passes through the circulation pump 231 and enters the radiator 233. The radiator 233 cools the heat in the heat exchange medium.
  • the cooled heat exchange medium returns to the temperature control tube 22 and exchanges with the heat generated by the battery again.
  • passive cooling is achieved through the radiator 233.
  • the first port and the second port of the three-way electric valve are connected, and the third port is closed.
  • the medium in the temperature control tube 22 exchanges heat with the battery, and the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 22 increases.
  • the heat exchange medium with the increased temperature enters the cooling and heating machine 232.
  • the cooling and heating machine 232 works to cool the heat in the heat exchange medium.
  • the cooled heat exchange medium returns to the temperature control tube 22 and exchanges with the heat generated by the battery again. In this process, active cooling is achieved through the cooling and heating machine 232.
  • the stop valve 263 opens, and the heat exchange medium in the second pipeline 25 flows into the cooling channel 2111 of the cooling tank 61 to cool the thermal runaway smoke.
  • the heat exchange medium that has achieved heat exchange with the thermal runaway smoke returns to the inlet of the cooling and heating machine 232, or returns to the outlet of the second pipeline 25 to cool the battery.
  • the above-mentioned parallel system has independent branches, and the heat exchange media in the safety device and the circulating heat exchange device do not affect each other.
  • the heat exchange medium after heat exchange with the thermal runaway flue gas is injected into the temperature control tube to cool the battery. At this time, the temperature of the heat exchange medium exchanging heat with the battery is relatively high, which affects the cooling effect of the battery.
  • this embodiment provides an energy storage system, which includes a box 2102, at least one battery 2101, and a temperature control system in Example 5 or Example 6; multiple batteries 2101 are connected in parallel, in series, or in series-parallel in the box 2102, and the pressure relief ports of the multiple batteries 2101 are connected to the manifold 2104 through the pressure relief pipe 2103, and the manifold 2104 is connected to the inlet of the first cooling tank 211.
  • Multiple heaters 235 are arranged on the inner wall of the box 2102. To ensure the heating effect, the box can be a closed box.
  • the temperature control tube of the circulating heat exchange device is also arranged in the box 2102. When the temperature control tube exchanges heat with the battery 2101, the temperature control tube is arranged on the shell of the battery 2101 or on the pole of the battery 2101, and is used to exchange heat with the battery shell or the battery pole.
  • the cooling unit 21, adsorption unit 27 and temperature control unit 23 in this embodiment are arranged outside the box 2102, which is convenient for the arrangement and installation of various devices, and is convenient for integration. It can also greatly improve the space utilization rate inside the box 2102, thereby improving the capacity of the energy storage system. Furthermore, the above-mentioned cooling unit 21, adsorption unit 27, and temperature control unit 23 are arranged in an integrated cabinet 210, and the integrated cabinet 210 is arranged on the outer wall of the box 2102, and the ignition unit 29 is arranged outside the integrated cabinet 210.
  • the integrated cabinet 210 can be a cabinet arranged on the outer wall of the box 2102, that is, it is a separate structure from the box 2102, and the inner cavity of the box 2102 can also be partitioned, that is, a partition is arranged in the box 2102, and the inner cavity of the box 2102 is divided into two parts, one of which is a battery compartment and the other is an equipment compartment.
  • the cooling unit 21, adsorption unit 27 and temperature control unit 23 are placed in the equipment compartment.
  • the setting of the integrated cabinet 210 not only further improves the integration of the cooling unit 21, the adsorption unit 27, and the temperature control unit 23, but also improves the protection level of the cooling unit 21, the adsorption unit 27, and the temperature control unit 23, thereby increasing the service life of each unit.
  • the safety temperature control system in this energy storage system can not only process the heat generated during normal operation, but also process the thermal runaway smoke of the battery, thereby greatly improving the safety of the battery 2101 during storage and operation.
  • the temperature control system includes a temperature control device 31, a fluid replenishment and replacement device 32, and a circulation pump 33;
  • the temperature control device 31 includes a temperature control tube 311 and a temperature control unit;
  • the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 is used to perform heat exchange with the battery 34;
  • the temperature control unit is connected to the temperature control tube 311, and is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311;
  • the circulation pump 33 is arranged on the temperature control tube 311, and is used to provide power for the flow of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311.
  • the temperature control device 31 can be an existing heating device or cooling device, or a device with dual functions of heating and cooling, as long as it can heat up and/or cool down the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311.
  • the temperature control unit includes a heating and cooling machine 312 connected in series to the temperature control tube 311, and the heating and cooling machine 312 can actively heat up or cool down the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 to achieve active temperature control.
  • the temperature control unit further includes a radiator 313 and a control valve assembly 314.
  • the radiator 313 is connected in parallel to the temperature control tube 311.
  • the radiator is a device with a heat dissipation function, and is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins, such as an evaporator, etc.
  • the control valve assembly 314 is used to control whether the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 enters the radiator 313 for cooling.
  • a fan 315 is also provided on the outside of the radiator 313.
  • the fan 315 further dissipates the heat of the medium flowing through the radiator 313, thereby further increasing the heat dissipation effect of the radiator 313, so that the use time of the radiator 313 is increased, the working time of the cooling and heating machine 312 is reduced, and the energy consumption of the temperature control is reduced.
  • control valve assembly 314 can specifically adopt valves of different control modes or structures, as long as it can control the on-off of the medium.
  • pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. can be specifically adopted.
  • electric valves which are easy to control, easy to operate, and easy to install on site.
  • the control valve assembly 314 specifically includes a first electric valve 3141 and a second electric valve 3142.
  • the first electric valve 3141 is arranged at the outlet or the inlet of the radiator 313, and the second electric valve 3142 is arranged on the temperature control tube 311 between the inlet and the outlet of the radiator 313.
  • the first electric valve 3141 and the second electric valve 3142 are controlled by the BMS system of the battery 34.
  • the BMS system controls the working state of the first electric valve 3141 and the second electric valve 3142 according to the collected temperature of the battery 34.
  • the control is more reliable.
  • the temperature control device 31 of this embodiment controls the temperature of the battery 34 through the combination of the cooling and heating machine 312 and the radiator 313.
  • the radiator 313 is used to cool the battery 34 using the ambient temperature.
  • the cooling and heating machine 312 is started for heating or cooling, which can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery 34 can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoid wasting energy when only active temperature control is used, and avoid the defect that the temperature of the battery 34 cannot be controlled in time when only passive temperature control is used.
  • This setting allows the radiator 313 to fully exchange heat with the external environment and make full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving the start time of active cooling and saving energy.
  • the fluid replenishment and fluid exchange device 32 in this embodiment includes an exhaust valve 321, a first liquid pipe 322, a second liquid pipe 323, a first control valve 324, a second control valve 325 and a third control valve 326;
  • the exhaust valve 321 is arranged on the temperature control tube 311, and is used to exhaust the air in the temperature control tube 311 during fluid replenishment and fluid exchange;
  • the first liquid pipe 322 and the second liquid pipe 323 are both connected to the temperature control tube 311,
  • the first control valve 324 is arranged on the first liquid pipe 322, and the second control valve 325 is arranged on the second liquid pipe 323;
  • the third control valve 326 is arranged on the temperature control tube 311 between the first liquid pipe 322 and the second liquid pipe 323.
  • the above-mentioned liquid replenishing and replacing device 32 also includes a liquid storage tank 36 for storing heat exchange medium, and the first liquid pipe 322 and the second liquid pipe 323 are both connected to the liquid storage tank 36.
  • the above-mentioned liquid storage tank 36 is a mobile liquid storage tank 36, and the mobile liquid storage tank 36 can replenish or replace liquid for multiple temperature control systems.
  • the temperature control system is further optimized.
  • the system of this embodiment is provided with an expansion tank 35 on the temperature control tube 311, and the expansion tank 35 is used to supplement the heat exchange medium in the temperature control device 31 and balance the pressure of the heat exchange medium.
  • the first liquid pipe 322, the second liquid pipe 323 and the expansion tank 35 in the above-mentioned liquid replenishing and liquid exchanging device are installed on the inlet side of the circulation pump 33 to avoid damage caused by idling and dry grinding of the circulation pump during initial operation, thereby improving the safety of the circulation pump.
  • At the same time, at least one of the first control valve 324 or the second control valve 325 is installed at the low point of the system, which is used to discharge the heat exchange medium of the system as completely as possible when discharging liquid, and the exhaust valve 321 is installed at the high point of the system to completely exhaust the air in the system.
  • the above-mentioned fluid replacement device 32 also includes a pressure measuring device 37 arranged on the temperature control tube 311.
  • the pressure measuring device 37 is located on the temperature control tube 311 at the outlet side of the circulation pump 33.
  • the pressure measuring device 37 can be a pressure sensor or a pressure
  • the pressure gauge is used to monitor the pressure of the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 in real time.
  • the pressure gauge or pressure sensor is placed at the outlet side of the circulating pump 33 and can be used to detect the system pressure. When the pump is stopped, the pressure can be used to determine whether the system pressure is normal and whether additional fluid replenishment is required; after the pump is started, it can be determined whether the working condition of the circulating pump 33 is normal, and then whether there are other problems in the system.
  • a filter 38 is provided on the first liquid pipe 322 or the second liquid pipe 323 , and the filter 38 filters and cleans the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 , so that the temperature control tube 311 can perform heat exchange in a timely and better manner.
  • the temperature control tube 311 when the temperature control tube 311 exchanges heat with the battery 34, the temperature control tube 311 is arranged on the shell of the battery 34 or on the pole of the battery 34, that is, the temperature control tube 311 is arranged between the bodies of adjacent batteries 34 for exchanging heat with the battery 34 bodies, or the temperature control tube 311 is arranged above the pole of the battery 34 for exchanging heat with the pole of the battery 34.
  • the temperature control tube 311 is arranged on the pole, if the temperature control tube 311 is a metal part, insulation treatment is required between the temperature control tube 311 and the pole, such as providing a thermal conductive insulation layer.
  • the working process of the above-mentioned temperature control device 31 is: when the temperature of the battery 34 is too high, the first electric valve 3141 is opened, the second electric valve 3142 is closed, and the heat exchange medium in the temperature control tube 311 exchanges heat with the battery 34. Subsequently, the heat exchange medium with increased temperature enters the cooling and heating machine 312, the circulation pump 33 and the radiator 313 in sequence through the temperature control tube 311. At this time, the cooling and heating machine 312 does not work, and the radiator 313 processes the heat in the medium. Subsequently, the cooled heat exchange medium enters the temperature control tube 311 to exchange heat with the battery 34, thereby realizing passive cooling through the radiator 313.
  • the first electric valve 3141 When the temperature of the battery 34 is too high and exceeds the set threshold, the first electric valve 3141 is closed, the second electric valve 3142 is opened, the temperature control tube 311 performs heat exchange with the battery 34, and then the heat exchange medium with increased temperature enters the cooling and heating machine 312 and the circulation pump 33 in sequence through the temperature control tube 311. At this time, the cooling and heating machine 312 is working, and the cooling and heating machine 312 processes the heat in the medium. Then, the cooled heat exchange medium enters the temperature control tube 311 and performs heat exchange with the battery 34, thereby achieving active cooling through the cooling and heating machine 312.
  • the first electric valve 3141 When the temperature of the battery 34 is too low, the first electric valve 3141 is closed, the second electric valve 3142 is opened, the cooling and heating machine 312 is working, and circulates through the circulation pump 33 to increase the temperature of the medium. Then, the heated medium returns to the temperature control tube 311 and performs heat exchange with the battery 34, thereby achieving active temperature increase through the cooling and heating machine 312.
  • the system performs combined active cooling, active heating and passive cooling of the battery 34 through the cooling and heating machine 312 and the radiator 313.
  • This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery 34 can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoids wasting energy when only active cooling is used, and avoids the defect that the temperature of the battery 34 cannot be controlled in time when only passive cooling is used.
  • Initial filling process fill the heat exchange medium in the liquid storage tank 36, close the exhaust valve 321, the third control valve 326 and the second electric valve 3142, open the first control valve 324 on the first liquid pipe, the second control valve 325 on the second liquid pipe and the first electric valve 3141, put one end of the first liquid pipe 322 into the bottom of the liquid storage tank 36, that is, the first liquid pipe 322 is immersed in the heat exchange medium, then, start the circulation pump 33 (if the circulation pump 33 is a self-priming pump, the self-priming pump is started after being filled with a sufficient amount of heat exchange medium), the heat exchange medium in the liquid storage tank 36 flows into the temperature control tube 311 through the first liquid pipe 322, and then fills the entire temperature control tube 311, the cooling and heating machine 312 and the radiator 313. In the process of the temperature control tube 311 being filled with liquid, the high-speed flow of the heat exchange medium entering the system flows out from the second liquid pipe 323 together with the gas in the pipeline, thereby achieving the purpose of filling the system with
  • the cleaning process can also be carried out: the gas in the temperature control tube 311 is exhausted.
  • the inlet of the filter 38 can be connected to the first liquid pipe 322, and the outlet can be connected to the second liquid pipe 323, or the filter 38 can be set on the temperature control tube, the exhaust valve 321, the third control valve 326 and the second electric valve 3142 are closed, the first control valve 324, the second control valve 325 and the first electric valve 3141 are opened, and the circulation pump 33 is started, so that the liquid exchange medium in the system circulates for a sufficient time, and the heat exchange medium is filtered through the filter 38, so as to achieve the effect of cleaning the inside of the system.
  • the third control valve 326 is opened, the first control valve 324 and the second control valve 325 are closed, and the heat exchange medium in the pipeline enters a circulation state.
  • Draining process connect the first liquid pipe 322 and the second liquid pipe 323 to the liquid storage tank 36, open the first control valve 324, the second control valve 325, the third control valve 326 and the exhaust valve 321, and allow the heat exchange medium to flow into the liquid storage tank 36. If necessary, blow compressed gas into the exhaust valve 321 to accelerate the drainage and make the drainage more thorough. If the drainage is not thorough, when disassembling the temperature control tube 311, A large amount of heat exchange medium flowing out may cause other accidents. If there is no other need, close all valves after draining to keep the system clean.
  • Fluid replenishment process There is a difference in expansion coefficient between the heat exchange medium and the pipeline system.
  • the expansion tank 35 is set to eliminate the system pressure that is too high or too low caused by the difference in expansion coefficient. When the system runs for a long time, a small leak will also cause the internal pressure of the system to change.
  • the liquid in the expansion tank 35 will be added to the temperature control tube 311 to avoid system failure caused by low pressure.
  • the expansion tank 35 is set on the inlet side of the circulation pump to solve the problem of fluid replenishment pressure and avoid the overall pressure of the system being too high.
  • a cooling device is generally provided to control the temperature of the battery to ensure the safe use of the battery in the energy storage cabinet.
  • liquid cooling is mainly used to cool the battery.
  • a temperature control tube is generally used to perform a primary heat exchange or a secondary heat exchange with the battery in the energy storage cabinet.
  • the temperature control tube is provided on the battery housing or on the battery pole, and is used to directly exchange heat with the battery body or the battery pole; during the secondary heat exchange, a heat conduction device is provided on the battery, and the heat conduction device conducts the heat of the battery, and the temperature control tube and the heat conduction device realize heat exchange.
  • this embodiment provides a temperature control system, which is used in conjunction with a temperature control tube 43 in an energy storage cabinet 44, and the temperature control tube 43 is a pipe with a heat exchange function.
  • the temperature control system in this embodiment includes a push-pull box 41 and a temperature control device 42; the temperature control device 42 is located in the push-pull box 41, and is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube 43, so that the temperature control system can stably control the temperature of the battery 45, so that the battery 45 in the energy storage cabinet 44 operates within the optimal temperature range.
  • the temperature control system of this embodiment mainly installs the temperature control device 42 into the push-pull box 41, and the push-pull box 41 integrates the components in the temperature control device 42, which is convenient for the arrangement and installation of the components in the temperature control device 42, realizes modular design, and also facilitates the overall installation of the temperature control system.
  • the push-pull box 41 is mainly a rectangular cubic box, and the push-pull box 41 is not required to be a closed box.
  • the push-pull box 41 can be formed by splicing the bottom plate, the top plate and the front side plate, or by splicing the bottom plate, the front side plate, and the rear side plate, or by splicing the bottom plate, the front side plate, the left side plate, and the right side plate, or by splicing the bottom plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate, the left side plate, and the right side plate.
  • a sliding assembly 411 is provided at the bottom of the push-pull box 41, and the entire push-pull box 41 is transported to the energy storage cabinet 44 by sliding installation through the sliding assembly 411.
  • the sliding assembly 411 enables the push-pull box 41 to move quickly and reliably in the energy storage cabinet 44, facilitating the installation and disassembly of the entire temperature control system, improving the installation efficiency of the entire temperature control system, and also improving the reliability of its installation.
  • the above sliding assembly 411 can be a guide rail slider structure, a sliding roller structure, or a sliding bearing structure, as long as it can make the push-pull box 41 slide and move in the energy storage cabinet 44.
  • the sliding roller structure is preferred.
  • the sliding roller structure includes a sliding roller and a sliding track. The sliding roller slides in the sliding track to make the push-pull box 41 slide and move on the energy storage cabinet 44.
  • the above-mentioned sliding rollers and sliding tracks can be respectively arranged on the push-pull box 41 and the energy storage cabinet 44. There is no restriction on their installation.
  • the sliding rollers can be installed on the push-pull box 41, and the sliding tracks can be installed on the beams in the energy storage cabinet 44; or the sliding rollers can be installed on the beams in the energy storage cabinet 44, and the sliding tracks can be installed at the bottom of the push-pull box 41.
  • the sliding track is preferably installed on the energy storage cabinet 44, and the sliding roller is arranged on the push-pull box 41.
  • This arrangement makes the structure of the push-pull box 41 relatively simple.
  • there are multiple sliding rollers wherein the sliding rollers are evenly distributed in groups of two at the bottom of the push-pull box 41.
  • a limit plate can also be provided at the end of the sliding track to facilitate the push-pull box 41 to slip out of the sliding track when the operating force is too large during installation.
  • a locking part can also be provided at the front end of the sliding track to lock the position of the push-pull box 41 after it is installed in place.
  • the push-pull box body 41 is stably and reliably installed on the energy storage cabinet body 44, and the locking part can specifically adopt a structure such as a latch.
  • the temperature control device 42 is integrated into the above-mentioned push-pull box 41, so that the entire temperature control device 42 can be installed in a modular manner without occupying a large installation space in the energy storage cabinet 44.
  • the specific settings and principles of the temperature control device 42 are described in detail below.
  • the temperature control device 42 mainly includes a temperature control machine 4201, a main circulation pump 4202 and a first control valve 4203; wherein, the temperature control machine 4201 is a device with heating and cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube 43, and the inlet of the temperature control machine 4201 is provided with a first pipeline 4204 for connecting to the outlet of the temperature control tube 43, and the outlet of the temperature control machine 4201 is provided with a second pipeline 4205 for connecting to the inlet of the temperature control tube 43; the first control valve 4203 is used to control whether the medium in the temperature control tube 43 flows into the temperature control machine 4201.
  • the temperature control machine 4201 is a device with heating and cooling functions, which is used to increase or decrease the temperature of the medium in the temperature control tube 43
  • the inlet of the temperature control machine 4201 is provided with a first pipeline 4204 for connecting to the outlet of the temperature control tube 43
  • the outlet of the temperature control machine 4201 is provided with a second pipeline 4205 for connecting to the in
  • the first control valve 4203 can be set on the first pipeline 4204 or the second pipeline 4205, or the first control valve 4203 can be set on the first pipeline 4204 or the second pipeline 4205; the main circulation pump 4202 is set on the first pipeline 4204 or the second pipeline 4205, and is used to provide power for the flow of the medium in the temperature control tube 43.
  • the temperature control device 42 can be used in conjunction with the multi-channel temperature control tube 43 to improve the efficiency of the entire temperature control system.
  • a first water distributor 4206 can be set at the inlet of the first pipeline 4204
  • a second water distributor 4207 can be set at the outlet of the second pipeline 4205.
  • the main outlet interface of the first water distributor 4206 is connected to the inlet of the first pipeline 4204
  • the main inlet interface of the second water distributor 4207 is connected to the outlet of the second pipeline 4205.
  • the first water distributor 4206 and the second water distributor 4207 are provided with multiple temperature control interfaces 4213, and the multiple temperature control interfaces 4213 are respectively connected to the inlet of the first pipeline 4204 and the outlet of the second pipeline 4205.
  • the temperature control interface 4213 of the first water distributor 4206 is connected to the outlet of the multi-channel temperature control tube 43 through the multiple branch pipes 4212
  • the temperature control interface 4213 of the second water distributor 4207 is connected to the inlet of the multi-channel temperature control tube 43 through the multiple branch pipes 4212, forming multiple circulation loops.
  • the multiple circulation loops can simultaneously perform heat exchange with the batteries 45 located in different areas of the energy storage cabinet 44, and can quickly and effectively realize the temperature control of the batteries 45.
  • the first water distributor 4206 and the second water distributor 4207 are further provided with a thermal runaway interface 4214 connected to a thermal runaway flue gas treatment device or a fire protection pipeline.
  • the thermal runaway interface 4214 is connected to a cooling inlet and a cooling outlet in the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, and the thermal runaway flue gas is cooled by liquid, or is directly connected to a fire protection pipeline in an energy storage cabinet.
  • the liquid in the fire protection pipeline sprays the battery to extinguish the fire.
  • the thermal runaway flue gas discharge device may be a cooling device for condensing the thermal runaway flue gas, or an adsorption device for adsorbing the thermal runaway flue gas, or an ignition device for directly igniting the thermal runaway flue gas, or a combination of two or three of the above three methods.
  • the temperature control system processes the heat generated by the battery 45 during normal operation.
  • the temperature control system cools the thermal runaway smoke or performs fire extinguishing spray on the battery. This method improves the safety and reliability of the battery 45 in the energy storage cabinet 44 during operation and thermal runaway.
  • auxiliary circulation pumps 4210 may be provided on the branch pipes 4212 between the first water distributor 4206, the second water distributor 4207, the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device, and the multi-channel temperature control tube 43, respectively.
  • the auxiliary circulation pumps 4210 may be controlled by the BMS and may circulate the media in different temperature control tubes 43, respectively, so as to realize diversified control of the multi-channel temperature control tubes 43.
  • the media in the corresponding temperature control tubes 43 are circulated according to demand, and then heat exchange is realized with the battery 45, thereby reducing the energy consumption of temperature control.
  • the first control valve 4203 can specifically adopt valves of different control modes or structures, as long as it can control the on and off of the medium.
  • pneumatic valves, electric valves, hydraulic valves, etc. can be specifically adopted.
  • electric valves are preferably adopted. Electric valves are easy to control, easy to operate, and easy to install on site.
  • the control switch 4215 of the first control valve 4203 can be configured on the operation panel 412.
  • the operation panel 412 is a side panel of the push-pull box body 41 that is perpendicular to the sliding direction, that is, the front side panel of the push-pull box body 41.
  • the front side panel is close to the movable setting that can be opened by the energy storage cabinet.
  • the above-mentioned first water distributor 4206 and the second water distributor 4207 can also be arranged. It is arranged on the side surface of the operation panel close to the temperature controller (i.e., the inner surface of the operation panel), and the control switches 4208 corresponding to the multiple temperature control interfaces 4213 and the thermal runaway interface 4214 on the first water distributor 4206 and the second water distributor 4207 are all configured on the outer surface of the operation panel 412.
  • the above method can not only improve the operating convenience of the entire temperature control system, but also facilitate the modular design of the entire temperature control system.
  • the branch pipes 4212 of the first water distributor 4206 and the second water distributor 4207 and the connecting joints 4209 of the multi-way temperature control tube 43 and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device can be integrated on the side wall of the push-pull box 41. This arrangement not only makes the installation and disassembly of the temperature control tube 43 and the temperature control device 42 more convenient, but also avoids the setting of joints in the battery compartment, and the influence of leakage of the medium in the temperature control tube 43 on the battery 45.
  • a water supply joint is also provided on the main inlet interface of the first water distributor 4206 and the main outlet interface of the second water distributor 4207.
  • the water supply joint can perform initial filling of the temperature control system and replenishment, replacement, and drainage during operation.
  • the operation is convenient and the system integration is high.
  • the water supply joint is a plug-in self-locking joint 4211, which avoids leakage during replenishment and replacement of fluid and improves the safety of the temperature control system.
  • the plug-in self-locking joint 4211 can also be configured on the operation panel 412, which can also improve the convenience of operation and facilitate the modular design of the entire temperature control system.
  • the first water distributor 4206 has two temperature control interfaces 4213 (B1, C1) and a thermal runaway interface 4214 (F1)
  • the second water distributor 4207 has two temperature control interfaces 4213 (B2, C2) and a thermal runaway interface 4214 (F2).
  • the temperature control tube 43 forms a temperature control loop, i.e., branch B; the temperature control interface 4213 (C1) of the first water distributor 4206, the temperature control interface 4213 (C2) of the second water distributor 4207, and a temperature control tube 43 cooperate to form a temperature control loop, i.e., branch C; the thermal runaway interface 4214 (F1) of the first water distributor 4206, the thermal runaway interface 4214 (F2) of the second water distributor 4207 and the thermal runaway flue gas treatment device form a thermal runaway branch, i.e., branch F.
  • the entire temperature control system and the temperature control tube 43 need to be filled with water.
  • the valves and pumps on each circulation pipeline the circulation and water replenishment of the pipeline are realized. The specific process is as follows;
  • each pipe has formed a closed circulation pipeline.
  • the operating principles of each temperature control tube 43 and the thermal runaway branch are as follows: When the battery 45 is temperature controlled, it is only necessary for the BMS to automatically control the main circulation pump 4202 and the auxiliary circulation pumps 4210 of the B1 branch and the B2 branch to realize the circulation of the medium in each circulation branch, so that the battery 45 can be liquid-cooled and temperature-controlled.
  • the BMS automatically detects the status and circulates the F circuit, and turns on the auxiliary circulation pump 4210 of the F branch to complete the temperature control cycle.
  • the liquid cooling cycle of the thermal runaway smoke treatment device is formed; or the fire protection pipeline in the energy storage cabinet is connected to spray the battery for fire extinguishing.
  • the temperature control system provided in this embodiment includes a heat transfer component 53 and a heat dissipation component 54.
  • the heat transfer component 53 transfers the battery heat from the box 52 to the outside of the box 52; the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged outside the box 52 to process the battery heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53.
  • the temperature control system uses the external environment as much as possible for passive temperature control, so that the energy consumption of battery temperature control is greatly reduced, and at the same time, it also avoids the concentration of battery heat in the box 52, which damages the battery 51 in the box 52.
  • the remaining components are arranged outside the box 52, so it has the characteristic of not occupying the space inside the box 52.
  • the box 52 is a sealed box.
  • the sealed box can not only improve the protection level of the box, but also prevent external dust and water vapor from entering the box 52 and affecting the battery 51 in the box 52. More importantly, after sealing, the box is relatively isolated from the external environment, and the temperature in the box is less affected by the external environment temperature.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 in this embodiment can be a device of different structural forms, as long as it can exchange the heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53 with the external environment or external equipment.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is specifically arranged at the part of the heat transfer component 53 located outside the box 52.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can be a heat dissipation fin 542, which is arranged at the end of the heat transfer component 53, and the heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53 is dissipated through the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fin 542.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can be an exhaust fan 522, and the exhaust fan is used to perform heat exchange between the part of the heat transfer component 53 located outside the box 52 and the ambient airflow, so that the heat is quickly taken away by the airflow in the environment.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can also be a combination of a heat dissipation fin 542 and an exhaust fan 522, and the heat dissipation fin 542 is arranged at the end of the heat transfer component 53, and the heat dissipation fin 542 is further exchanged with the exhaust fan.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 may also be a liquid cooling plate or a liquid cooling tube, the heat transfer component 53 is inserted into the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube or is in full contact with the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube, and the liquid cooling plate and the liquid cooling tube exchange heat with the external environment. Since the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged outside the box 52, this arrangement enables the heat dissipation component 54 to exchange heat with the external environment, making full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving energy.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 includes a liquid cooling device 541 and a heat dissipation fin 542, and the heat dissipation fin 542 and the liquid cooling device 541 are arranged at the part of the heat transfer component 53 located outside the box 52.
  • the liquid cooling device 541 includes a liquid cooling plate or a liquid cooling tube, and the heat dissipation fin 542 is arranged on the side wall of the liquid cooling plate or the outer wall of the liquid cooling tube, and is arranged integrally with the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can realize the processing of battery heat in two ways, active and passive.
  • the heat of the battery is first transferred to the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube through the heat transfer component 53, and then dissipated through the heat dissipation fin 542 arranged on the outside of the liquid cooling device 541. If the temperature of the battery exceeds the set threshold and active temperature control is required, the coolant in the liquid cooling device 541 is circulated, and the heat transferred by the battery is taken away by the coolant.
  • a plurality of heat dissipation fins extend along the heat transfer direction and are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction of the heat transfer direction.
  • the heat transfer direction is the direction in which the heat transfer component extends from the inside of the box to the outside of the box.
  • At least one heat dissipation channel 521 may be provided on the outside of the box body 52, and the heat dissipation assembly 54 is disposed in the heat dissipation channel 521.
  • a plurality of exhaust fans 522 are provided in the heat dissipation assembly 54, and the exhaust fans 522 are used to remove the heat of the heat dissipation assembly 54 through airflow.
  • the heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53 can be dissipated through a compression refrigerator or a TEC refrigerator 543.
  • at least one heat dissipation channel 521 can be provided on the outside of the box body 52, and the heat dissipation component 54 is provided in the heat dissipation channel 521 to achieve directional heat treatment through heat dissipation.
  • the present embodiment sets the heat transfer pipe 55 on the pole 511 of the battery 51.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 is a core heat pipe.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 will promptly remove the heat of the pole 511, and realize heat exchange with the heat transfer component 53, and then transfer it to the outside of the box 52 to realize the heat dissipation outside the box 52.
  • the present embodiment sets a through groove 512 on the pole 511, and places the heat transfer pipe 55 in the through groove 512, so that the temperature of the pole 511 can be effectively controlled.
  • the pole 511 can be further limited as follows: the cross-section of the through slot 512 of the pole 511 is C-shaped or U-shaped. When the cross-section of the through slot 512 is C-shaped, its opening width is smaller than the widest part of the through slot 512. Such a design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 in the through slot 512.
  • the arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through slot 512 has natural tension, which is conducive to the heat transfer heat pipe 55 being tightly clamped in the through slot 512.
  • the cross-section of the through slot 512 is U-shaped, its opening width is close to the widest part of the through slot 512, which is convenient for placing the heat transfer heat pipe 55, and can provide sufficient operating space for the special tooling to level the heat transfer heat pipe 55 or fit the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the through slot 512 more closely.
  • the depth of the through groove 512 can be set smaller than the diameter of the heat transfer pipe 55, so that the heat transfer pipe 55 slightly protrudes from the surface of the pole 511, which is conducive to leveling the heat transfer pipe 55 so that it is in close contact with the through groove 512.
  • an insulating layer can be provided on the surface of the through groove 512, which can be coated with insulating material or attached with a silicone layer, rubber layer, etc., and an insulating layer can also be provided on the heat transfer pipe 55, so that the heat transfer pipe 55 made of metal material is insulated from the pole 511 for installation.
  • the heat transfer component 53 in this embodiment can be made of components made of different structures or materials.
  • a gravity heat pipe, a heat-conducting aluminum plate, a heat-conducting copper plate, a heat-conducting ceramic plate, a water-cooling plate, a water-cooling pipe, etc. can be used, as long as it can directly or indirectly transfer the heat generated by the battery in the box to the outside of the box 52 through the heat transfer heat pipe 55.
  • the heat transfer component 53 is a gravity heat pipe
  • the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe is arranged in the box, and heat exchanges with the heat transfer heat pipe 55
  • the condensation section is arranged outside the box 52
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe.
  • the sintered copper powder in the heat transfer heat pipe has a strong capillary effect, so the placement direction of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 can be horizontal, vertical and inclined, which does not affect the heat transfer of the heat transfer heat pipe 55. If the heat transfer heat pipe 55 is used alone for heat transfer, when the external temperature is too high, the high temperature outside can be transferred to the battery 51 through the heat transfer heat pipe 55, so that the heat inside the battery 51 increases.
  • the gravity heat pipe is a special heat pipe, and its heat transfer is directional, that is, it is transferred from the evaporation section to the condensation end. Therefore, the gravity heat pipe is used to achieve directional heat transfer.
  • the medium of the gravity heat pipe transfers heat through gravity. When used vertically, the external heat cannot be transferred to the inside of the battery 51. Therefore, the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity heat pipe are used together to achieve the effect of both cooling and preventing the external heat from being transferred to the inside of the battery 51, thereby affecting the battery in the box 52.
  • a heating device can be provided on the evaporation section of the gravity-type heat pipe.
  • the heating device can heat the gravity-type heat pipe, thereby transferring heat to the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within the optimal range.
  • the above-mentioned heating device can be one of a TEC semiconductor refrigerator, a heating wire, a heating plate, and a liquid circulation pipeline.
  • the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity type heat pipe are exchanged through the insulating heat exchanger 56.
  • the insulating heat exchanger 56 can be a component of different structural forms, as long as it can achieve insulation and heat exchange between the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity type heat pipe (the specific definition and installation of the insulating heat exchanger 56 below are also applicable to Examples 11 and 12).
  • the insulating heat exchanger 56 is preferably an insulating heat exchange plate or a thermally conductive insulating pad.
  • the insulating heat exchange plate can be a thermally conductive ceramic plate 562, and the thermally conductive insulating pad can be a thermally conductive silicone pad.
  • a first pressing plate 561 and a second pressing plate 563 are also provided on both sides of the insulating heat exchange plate or the thermally conductive insulating pad.
  • the heat transfer heat pipe 55 is arranged on the first pressing plate 561, and the gravity type heat pipe is arranged between the second pressing plate 563 and the insulating heat exchange plate.
  • the thermally conductive ceramic plate 562 is one of an aluminum oxide ceramic plate, a silicon nitride ceramic plate, a zirconium oxide ceramic plate, a silicon carbide ceramic plate, a magnesium oxide ceramic plate, a boron nitride ceramic plate, an aluminum nitride ceramic plate, and a beryllium oxide ceramic plate.
  • the thermally conductive ceramic plate 562 or a thermally conductive insulating pad is used to achieve heat transfer.
  • the thermally conductive ceramic plate 562 or the thermally conductive insulating pad has excellent thermal conduction efficiency and good insulation performance, so that the insulating heat exchanger 56 has the advantages of simple structure, small volume and weight while having good thermal conduction performance and insulation performance.
  • a groove may be provided on the first pressing plate 561, and the heat transfer pipe 55 is provided in the groove.
  • the shape of the groove may be various.
  • the groove is a semicircular groove or an arcuate groove.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 is squeezed and deformed in the groove, so that the side of the heat transfer pipe 55 close to the heat conductive ceramic plate 562 is squeezed into a plane, so that it is in close contact with the insulating heat exchange plate, achieving good heat exchange and stable installation.
  • the first pressing plate 561 and the second pressing plate 563 may be made of insulating materials, such as plastic pressing plates, PP pressing plates, PE pressing plates, nylon pressing plates, PC pressing plates, ceramic pressing plates, resin pressing plates, etc.
  • the energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a box 52, a temperature control system and a battery 51, wherein the battery 51 is arranged in the box 52;
  • the temperature control system includes a heat transfer component 53, a heat dissipation component 54 and a heat transfer heat pipe 55;
  • a through groove 512 is arranged on the pole 511 of the battery 51, one section of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 is arranged in the through groove 512 of the pole 511, and the other section is connected to the heat transfer component 53, and the pole 511 and the heat transfer component 53 are insulated.
  • the heat transfer heat pipe 55 transfers the heat of the battery to the heat transfer component 53, and the heat transfer component 53 transfers the heat of the battery from the inside of the box 52 to the outside of the box 52, and the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged outside the box 52 to process the heat of the battery transferred by the heat transfer component 53.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 Since the temperature of the battery 51 is mainly concentrated on the pole 511, the heat transfer pipe 55 is arranged in the through groove of the pole 511 of the battery 51 in this embodiment, and is in close contact with the battery pole. When the temperature of the pole 511 of the battery 51 is too high, the heat transfer pipe 55 will promptly remove the heat of the pole 511, and realize heat exchange with the heat transfer component 53, and then transfer it to the outside of the box 52, and realize heat dissipation outside the box 52.
  • This method can effectively deal with the heat at the highest temperature of the battery in a timely manner, avoid the concentration of battery heat, and then avoid the damage to the battery caused by the uneven temperature caused by the excessive local temperature of the battery, so that the heat of the battery can be balanced and the heat dissipation effect is good.
  • this temperature control method makes full use of the heat of the external environment, so that the energy consumption of the battery temperature control is greatly reduced, and at the same time, it also avoids the concentration of battery heat in the box 52 and damage to the battery 51 in the box 52.
  • the box 52 of this embodiment is preferably a sealed box, which can not only improve the protection level of the box, but also prevent external dust and water vapor from entering the box and affecting the battery in the box. More importantly, after sealing, the box is relatively isolated from the external environment, and the temperature inside the box is relatively consistent, which can achieve thermal balance and avoid heat concentration in a certain place of the battery.
  • this embodiment provides a through groove 512 on the pole 511 to place a heat transfer heat pipe 55 in the through groove 512, so that the temperature of the pole 511 can be effectively controlled, and further provides an electrical connection area on the first end face 5112 of the pole 511, so that it can be installed on the electrical connection area
  • the plate can be connected in series or in parallel to realize multiple single batteries 51.
  • This structure is highly practical and easy to operate, can balance the heat of the battery, has a good heat dissipation effect, and is low in cost.
  • the pole 511 can be further limited as follows (the following content is also applicable to Example 12):
  • the pole 511 in this embodiment is a columnar body, which includes a first end face 5112, a second end face 5113 and a side wall 5111. At least one through groove 512 is provided on the first end face 5112 or the side wall 5111 to install the heat transfer pipe 55, that is, the opening of the through groove 512 is located on the first end face 5112 or the side wall 5111.
  • the first end face 5112 is provided with an electrical connection area, and the second end face 5113 is used to set a conductive connection part to electrically connect with the electrode assembly in the battery housing.
  • the through grooves 512 of the poles 511 of the N battery 51s are connected in sequence, and the heat transfer pipe 55 is arranged in the connected through grooves 512.
  • the height of the pole 511 is h1
  • the distance from the lowest point of the through slot 512 to the second end face 5113 is h2
  • the widest point of the through slot 512 is h3
  • the depth of the through slot 512 is h4.
  • the cross section of the through slot 512 is C-shaped or U-shaped.
  • the cross section of the through slot 512 is C-shaped, its opening width is smaller than the widest point h3 of the through slot 512.
  • Such a design is conducive to the interference fit of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 in the through slot 512.
  • the arc formed at both ends of the C-shaped through slot has natural tension, which is conducive to the heat transfer heat pipe 55 being tightly fit in the through slot 512.
  • the cross section of the through slot 512 is U-shaped, its opening width is close to the widest point h3 of the through slot 512, which is convenient for placing the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and can provide sufficient operating space for the special tooling to level the heat transfer heat pipe 55 or fit the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the through slot 512 more closely.
  • the through slot 512 can be placed on the first end face 5112 of the pole 511.
  • the first end face 5112 except for the vacancy at the opening of the through slot 512, is used as an electrical connection area for connecting the pole plate.
  • the through slot 512 can be placed on the side wall 5111 of the pole 511. In this case, the first end face 5112 is used as an electrical connection area for connecting the pole plate.
  • two through slots 512 can be set on two opposite side walls 5111 of the pole 511 at the same time to increase the number of heat transfer pipes 55 placed and improve the heat transfer efficiency of the pole 511.
  • the through slot 512 is eccentrically arranged. As shown in FIG. 29 , the through slot 512 divides the first end face 5112 into a first area 5114 and a second area.
  • the first area 5114 is the electrical connection area, and the area of the first area 5114 accounts for no less than 50% of the area of the first end face 5112.
  • the area of the first end face 5112 includes the area missing due to the opening of the through slot 512, that is, the area of the first end face 5112 is equal to the area of the second end face 5113.
  • the cross-section of the pole 511 parallel to the height direction may be circular, rectangular or racetrack-shaped.
  • the poles of different shapes may be selected according to different battery models. Other different shapes may also be used, which are not listed in detail in this embodiment.
  • the second end face 5113 of the pole 511 is close to the electrode assembly.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 should be arranged as close to the second end face 5113 as possible.
  • the height h1 of the pole 511 in this embodiment is 20mm-25mm, and the distance h2 between the lowest point of the through groove 512 and the second end face 5113 of the pole 511 is 7-12mm.
  • Such an arrangement can make the heat transfer pipe 55 as close to the electrode assembly as possible for heat transfer, that is, such an arrangement can make the heat transfer pipe 55 as close to the highest temperature point of the pole 511 as possible for heat transfer.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 has a diameter slightly smaller than the widest part of the through groove 512, which is convenient for the heat transfer pipe 55 to be installed in the through groove, and convenient for the heat transfer pipe 55 to fit closely with the through groove 512 after extrusion. Therefore, the ratio of the diameter of the heat transfer pipe 55 to the widest part h3 of the through groove 512 is 1:1.05-1:1.1. For example, if the diameter of the heat transfer pipe 55 is ⁇ 10, then its diameter is 10mm, and the widest part h3 of the through groove 512 is 10.5mm-11mm, so that the heat transfer pipe 55 is placed in the through groove 512 of the pole 511, and after extrusion, it fits closely with the through groove 512, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency.
  • the depth h4 of the through groove 512 can be set smaller than the diameter of the heat transfer pipe 55 so that the heat transfer pipe 55 slightly protrudes from the surface of the pole 511 , which is beneficial for squeezing and flattening the heat transfer pipe 55 so that it is in close contact with the through groove 512 .
  • an insulating layer may be provided on the surface of the through groove 512 , which may be coated with insulating material or a silicone layer, rubber layer, etc., or an insulating layer may be provided on the heat transfer pipe 55 to insulate the metal heat transfer pipe 55 from the pole 511 .
  • the ratio of the length of the through slot 512 to the width of the cover plate is 0.7:1 to 0.9:1.
  • the extension direction of the through slot 512 is parallel to the width direction of the cover plate of the single battery housing, which is conducive to fixing a heat transfer pipe 55 on a group of poles 511 when multiple single batteries 51 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the ratio of the length of the through slot 512 to the width of the cover plate is 0.7:1 to 0.9:1, which is conducive to increasing the contact area between the heat transfer pipe and the through slot 512 and enhancing the heat transfer effect.
  • the portion marked h2 is the distance from the lowest point of the through groove 512 to the second end face 5113.
  • h2 When h2 is less than 7mm, after the pole 511 and the upper cover assembly are assembled, the insufficient space for installing the heat transfer pipe 55 is not considered, and when h2 is greater than 13mm, although the temperature of the pole 511 is lower than that when the pole 511 of this embodiment is not used, the temperature of the battery 51 itself no longer continues to decrease. As the value of h2 increases, in the range of 7 to 12 mm, the temperature of the pole 511 is no higher than 34°C, and the temperature of the battery shell surface is also around 36°C.
  • the overall temperature control is reduced by at least 19.2% and the battery shell surface temperature is reduced by at least 4.7%, which effectively reduces the overall temperature of the battery 51, significantly reduces the temperature of the pole 511, and greatly improves the safety performance.
  • the ratio of the length of the through slot 512 to the width of the cover plate of the single cell housing has a great influence on the temperature of the pole 511 of the battery 51.
  • h2 is fixed at 7 mm
  • the larger the contact area between the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the pole 511 the better the heat transfer and heat dissipation effect, but the longest length cannot exceed the width of the cover plate.
  • the proportion is not less than 50%.
  • the heat transfer component 53 can be made of components of different structures or materials.
  • a core heat transfer heat pipe, a gravity heat pipe, a heat conductive aluminum plate, a heat conductive copper plate, a heat conductive ceramic plate, a water cooling plate, a water cooling pipe, etc. can be used, as long as it can transfer the heat of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 to the outside of the box 52.
  • the heat transfer component 53 is a gravity heat pipe
  • the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe is arranged in the box 52 and connected to the heat transfer heat pipe 55
  • the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe is arranged outside the box 52
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe.
  • the sintered copper powder in the heat transfer heat pipe 55 has a strong capillary effect, so the placement direction of the heat transfer heat pipe 55 can be horizontal, vertical and inclined, which does not affect the heat transfer of the heat transfer heat pipe 55. If the heat transfer heat pipe 55 is used alone for heat transfer, when the external temperature is too high, the high temperature outside can be transferred to the battery 51 through the heat transfer heat pipe 55, so that the heat inside the battery 51 increases.
  • the gravity heat pipe is a special heat transfer pipe, and its heat transfer is directional, that is, heat can only be transferred from the lower end to the other high end, that is, from the evaporation section to the condensation end. Therefore, the battery in this embodiment uses a gravity heat pipe to achieve directional heat transfer.
  • the medium of the gravity heat pipe transfers heat through gravity. When used vertically, the external high temperature cannot be transferred to the inside of the battery 51. Therefore, the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity heat pipe are used together to achieve the effect of both cooling and preventing external heat from being transferred to the inside of the battery 51.
  • the evaporation section of the gravity-type heat pipe is set in the box body 52 for heat exchange with the heat transfer heat pipe 55, and the condensation end of the gravity-type heat pipe is set outside the box body 52 for heat exchange with the heat dissipation component 54.
  • the heat transfer of this heat exchange method is directional.
  • the external heat will not be transferred to the battery 51 through the condensation end, that is, the heat can only be transferred from the inside of the box body 52 to the outside of the box body 52, but cannot be transferred from the outside of the box body 52 to the inside of the box body 52, thereby avoiding the heat outside the box body 52 from being transferred to the inside of the box body 52 through the heat transfer component 53, thereby affecting the battery in the box body 52.
  • the insulation treatment can be insulation between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the pole 511, or insulation between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the heat transfer component 53. If insulation is provided between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the pole 511, an insulation layer can be provided on the surface of the through groove or on the surface of the heat transfer pipe. This insulation method has a simple structure and is easy to set up. It only needs to provide an insulation coating or an insulation film.
  • insulation between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the heat transfer component 53 can be achieved.
  • an insulating heat exchanger 56 can be provided between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the heat transfer component 53 in the battery.
  • the insulating heat exchanger 56 can be a component of different structural forms, as long as it can achieve insulation and heat exchange between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the heat transfer component 53. Insulation is achieved by the insulating heat exchanger 56.
  • This insulation method has high insulation reliability and can also achieve quick installation of the heat transfer pipe and the heat exchange component.
  • the specific definition and installation of the insulating heat exchanger 56 can refer to the description in Example 10.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 of this embodiment can be a device of different structural forms, as long as it can exchange the heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53 with the external environment or external equipment.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is specifically arranged on the structure where the heat transfer component 53 is located outside the box 52.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can be a heat dissipation fin, which is arranged at the condensation end of the gravity heat pipe;
  • the heat dissipation component 54 may be a fan, through which the gravity-type heat pipe is convected to achieve heat exchange;
  • the heat dissipation component 54 may also be a combination of a heat dissipation fin and a fan, the heat dissipation fin is arranged at the condensation end of the gravity-type heat pipe, and the heat dissipation fin is further heat exchanged by the fan; or, the heat dissipation component 54 may also include a phase change box and a phase change material arranged in the phase change box, the condensation end of the gravity-type heat pipe is inserted into the phase change material of the phase change box, and heat exchange is achieved through the phase change material.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 may also be a water-cooled plate, the condensation end of the gravity-type heat pipe is inserted into the water-cooled plate or is in full contact with the water-cooled plate, and the water-cooled plate exchanges heat with the external environment. Since the above-mentioned heat dissipation component 54 is arranged outside the box body 52, this arrangement enables the heat dissipation component 54 to exchange heat with the external environment, making full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving energy.
  • the energy storage system provided in this embodiment includes a box 52, a temperature control system and a plurality of batteries 51; the plurality of batteries 51 are arranged in the box 52, and a through slot 512 is arranged on the pole 511 of each battery 51;
  • the temperature control system includes a heat transfer component 53, a heat dissipation component 54 and a plurality of heat transfer heat pipes 55, and the heat transfer component 53 includes a gravity heat pipe 531; one section of a single heat transfer heat pipe 55 is arranged in the through slot 512 of the pole of at least one battery, and the other section exchanges heat with the gravity heat pipe 531 to transfer the heat of the battery to the gravity heat pipe 531;
  • the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe 531 is arranged in the box to exchange heat with at least one heat transfer heat pipe 55, and the condensation section is arranged outside the box 52 to transfer the heat of the battery 51 from the inside of the box 52 to the outside of the box 52, and the heat dissip
  • the present embodiment sets the heat transfer pipe 55 on the pole 511 of the battery 51.
  • the heat transfer pipe is a core heat pipe.
  • a single heat transfer pipe 55 is set in a through groove connected to multiple batteries, that is, a single heat transfer pipe 55 cooperates with multiple battery poles, or multiple heat transfer pipes 55 are correspondingly set in the through grooves of multiple batteries, that is, multiple heat transfer pipes 55 cooperate with multiple battery poles.
  • the heat transfer pipe 55 will promptly export the heat of the pole 511, and realize heat exchange with the gravity-type heat pipe 531, and then transfer it to the outside of the box 52, and realize heat dissipation outside the box 52.
  • This temperature control method makes full use of the heat of the external environment, so that the energy consumption of battery temperature control is greatly reduced, and at the same time, it also avoids the concentration of battery heat in the box 52 to damage the battery 51 in the box 52.
  • the rest of the components are arranged outside the box 52, so it has the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, and does not occupy the space inside the box 52.
  • the box 52 is a sealed box.
  • the sealed box can not only improve the protection level and prevent external dust and water vapor from entering the box 52 and affecting the battery 51 in the box 52, but more importantly, after sealing, the box is relatively isolated from the external environment and is less affected by changes in the external environment temperature.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 of this embodiment can be a device of different structural forms, as long as it can exchange the heat transferred by the gravity-type heat pipe 531 with the external environment or external equipment.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is specifically arranged at the part of the gravity-type heat pipe 531 located outside the box 52.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can be a heat dissipation fin 542, which is arranged at the condensation section of the gravity-type heat pipe 531, and the heat transferred by the gravity-type heat pipe 531 is dissipated through the heat dissipation surface of the heat dissipation fin 542.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can be an exhaust fan, and the exhaust fan is used to perform heat exchange between the part of the gravity-type heat pipe 531 located outside the box 52 and the ambient airflow, so that the heat is quickly taken away by the airflow in the environment.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 can also be a combination of a heat dissipation fin 542 and an exhaust fan, and the heat dissipation fin 542 is arranged at the end of the gravity-type heat pipe 531, and the heat dissipation fin 542 is further heat exchanged by the exhaust fan.
  • the heat dissipation component 54 may also be a liquid cooling device, and the gravity-type heat pipe 531 is inserted into the liquid cooling device or is in full contact with the liquid cooling device. Since the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged outside the box 52, this arrangement enables the heat dissipation component 54 to exchange heat with the external environment, making full use of the temperature of the external environment, thereby saving energy.
  • the heat dissipation assembly 54 includes a liquid cooling device 541 and a plurality of heat dissipating fins 542, and the heat dissipating fins 542 and the liquid cooling device 541 are arranged on the portion of the gravity-type heat pipe 531 located outside the box body 52.
  • the liquid cooling device 541 specifically includes a liquid cooling plate or a liquid cooling tube, and the heat dissipating fins 542 are arranged on the side wall of the liquid cooling plate or the outer wall of the liquid cooling tube, and are integrally arranged with the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube.
  • the liquid cooling device 541 and the heat dissipating fins 542 are integrally arranged so that the heat dissipation assembly can process the heat of the battery in both active and passive ways.
  • passive temperature control the heat of the battery is first transferred to the liquid cooling plate or the liquid cooling tube through the heat transfer assembly 53, and then dissipated through the heat dissipating fins 542 arranged on the outside of the liquid cooling device 541. If the battery If the temperature exceeds the set threshold and active temperature control is required, the coolant in the liquid cooling device 541 is circulated, and the heat transferred by the battery is taken away by the coolant.
  • the liquid cooling device 541 and the heat dissipation fins 542 are used to perform combined active and passive heat dissipation on the battery. This method can not only ensure that the heat of the battery can be effectively released, but also has a low temperature control cost, can effectively save energy, avoids the waste of energy when only the active cold source (liquid cooling device 541) is used, and also avoids the defect that the battery temperature cannot be controlled in time when only the passive cold source (heat dissipation fins 542) is used.
  • multiple heat dissipation fins extend along the heat transfer direction and are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction of the heat transfer direction.
  • the heat transfer direction is the direction in which the heat transfer component 53 extends from the inside of the box 52 to the outside of the box 52. This arrangement allows the heat dissipation fins to fully exchange heat with the external environment, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.
  • At least one heat dissipation channel 521 can be provided on the outside of the box 52, and the heat dissipation component 54 is provided in the heat dissipation channel 521.
  • a plurality of exhaust fans 522 are provided in the heat dissipation component 54, and the exhaust fans 522 are used to take away the heat of the heat dissipation component 54 through airflow.
  • the battery can generate a large amount of heat during the charging and discharging process.
  • a heat dissipation channel is provided, and an exhaust fan is added.
  • a liquid cooling device is provided to prevent the external temperature from being too high or too low to affect the battery performance.
  • Battery temperature control mainly solves the problem of energy consumption.
  • the use of refrigeration equipment such as air conditioners consumes a lot of energy, so the ambient temperature is used to control the temperature of the battery as much as possible.
  • an exhaust fan is used to utilize the ambient temperature to cool the battery when the temperature is not extreme. In extreme cases, when the temperature is too high or too low, the heating and cooling machine is started for heating or cooling, which can maximize the use of the ambient temperature and reduce energy consumption.
  • the heat transferred by the heat transfer component 53 can be dissipated by a compression refrigerator or a TEC refrigerator 543 .
  • the heat transfer component 53 can be made of components made of different structures or materials.
  • a gravity heat pipe a heat-conducting aluminum plate, a heat-conducting copper plate, a heat-conducting ceramic plate, a water-cooling plate, a water-cooling pipe, etc. can be used, as long as it can transfer the heat of the heat transfer pipe 55 to the outside of the box 52.
  • the heat transfer component 53 is a gravity heat pipe 531
  • the evaporation section of the gravity heat pipe 531 is arranged in the box 52, and heat exchanges with the heat transfer pipe
  • the condensation section is arranged outside the box 52
  • the heat dissipation component 54 is arranged in the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe.
  • the sintered copper powder in the heat transfer pipe 55 has a strong capillary effect, so the placement direction of the heat transfer pipe 55 can be horizontal, vertical and inclined, which does not affect the heat transfer of the heat transfer pipe 55. If the heat transfer pipe 55 is used alone for heat transfer, when the external temperature is too high, the high temperature outside can be transferred to the battery 51 through the heat transfer pipe 55, so that the heat inside the battery 51 increases.
  • the gravity heat pipe is a special heat pipe whose heat transfer is directional, that is, heat can only be transferred from one end to the other end, that is, from the evaporation section to the condensation end. Therefore, the battery uses a gravity heat pipe to achieve directional heat transfer.
  • the medium of the gravity heat pipe transfers heat through gravity. When used vertically, the external high temperature cannot be transferred to the inside of the battery 51. Therefore, the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity heat pipe are used together to achieve the effect of both cooling and preventing external heat from being transferred to the inside of the battery 51.
  • the evaporation section of the gravity-type heat pipe is set in the box body 52 for heat exchange with the heat transfer heat pipe 55, and the condensation end of the gravity-type heat pipe is set outside the box body 52 for heat exchange with the heat dissipation component 54.
  • the heat transfer of this heat exchange method is directional.
  • the external heat will not be transferred to the battery 51 through the condensation end, that is, the heat can only be transferred from the inside of the box body 52 to the outside of the box body 52, and the heat cannot be transferred from the outside of the box body 52 to the inside of the box body 52, thereby avoiding the heat outside the box body 52 from being transferred to the inside of the box body 52 through the gravity-type heat pipe 531, thereby affecting the battery in the box body 52.
  • a heating device can be provided on the evaporation section of the gravity-type heat pipe.
  • the heating device can heat the gravity-type heat pipe, thereby transferring heat to the battery so that the temperature of the battery is within the optimal range.
  • the above-mentioned heating device can be one of a TEC semiconductor refrigerator, a heating wire, a heating plate, and a liquid circulation pipeline.
  • the volume of the working liquid in the gravity heat pipe of this embodiment is 30% to 50% of the volume of the inner cavity of the gravity heat pipe, so that the multiple heat transfer heat pipes 55 connected to the gravity heat pipe can achieve good heat exchange, thereby avoiding the heat transfer heat pipe 55 near the condensation section of the gravity heat pipe having a poor heat exchange effect.
  • the part of the gravity heat pipe of this embodiment connected to the heat dissipation component 54 can be It is assumed to be in a straight line, that is, the gravity-type heat pipe is not bent and is directly connected to the heat dissipation component 54. At this time, the heat transfer effect of the gravity-type heat pipe is the best.
  • the condensation section of the gravity-type heat pipe can also be bent, and the heat dissipation component 54 is set at the bent part.
  • the insulation treatment can be insulation between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the pole 511, or insulation between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the heat transfer component 53. If insulation is provided between the heat transfer pipe 55 and the pole 511, an insulating layer can be provided on the surface of the through groove or on the surface of the heat transfer pipe 55. This insulation method has a simple structure and is easy to set up. It only needs to provide an insulating coating or an insulating film.
  • the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity heat pipe in the energy storage system are exchanged through the insulating heat exchange component 56.
  • the insulating heat exchange component 56 can be a component of different structural forms, as long as it can achieve insulation and heat exchange between the heat transfer heat pipe 55 and the gravity heat pipe.
  • the specific definition and installation of the insulating heat exchange component 56 can refer to the description in Example 10.
  • the temperature control system also includes a liquid cooling temperature control component, which is arranged at the heat exchange point between the heat transfer heat pipe and the gravity heat pipe, and also actively exchanges the heat transferred by the heat transfer heat pipe.
  • the battery includes multiple batteries, and multiple batteries are connected in series or in parallel. In order to make the battery run at an optimal temperature, it is necessary to ensure the consistency of the temperature of each battery. In order to ensure the consistency of the temperature of each battery, the prior art generally uses parallel liquid cooling pipes for cooling, but the flow rate of each branch of the parallel pipeline is not consistent, and it must be kept consistent to achieve uniform cooling.
  • a flow regulating valve and a flow meter must be set in each branch to adjust the flow rate in order to make the branch flow consistent. This makes the temperature control system structure of a single battery more complex and the cost relatively high. If more batteries are required for cooling, the cost will be higher.
  • this embodiment provides a simple and low-cost solution to solve the problem of uneven heat dissipation between multiple poles.
  • the heat transfer heat pipes 55 of multiple batteries are heat exchanged with the liquid inlet pipes 571 and the liquid return pipes 572 arranged side by side. At this time, the heat exchange between each layer of batteries can be kept uniform.
  • This method has a simple structure and does not require a flow meter and a throttle valve to adjust the flow in each pipeline.
  • the entire liquid cooling temperature control component adopts a single-circuit circulation pipeline or a two-circuit circulation pipeline
  • the single-circuit circulation pipeline or the two-circuit circulation pipeline forms a liquid inlet pipe 571 and a liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side
  • multiple heat transfer heat pipes are heat exchanged with the same group of liquid inlet pipes 571 and liquid return pipes 572 arranged side by side.
  • the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 can be the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 of the same circulation pipeline, or they can be the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 of different circulation pipelines.
  • the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 are arranged side by side.
  • the heat transfer pipes between different batteries exchange heat with the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side.
  • the heat exchange amount of the heat transfer pipes between multiple batteries and the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 is the same, which can ensure the temperature uniformity of different batteries.
  • the liquid cooling temperature control component includes a single-circulation pipeline or a two-circulation pipeline. If it is a single-circulation pipeline, the single-circulation pipeline is bent to form a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe arranged side by side. That is to say, a single single-circulation pipeline is bent along a certain point, and a part of the bent part is the liquid inlet pipe, and the other part is the liquid return pipe. At this time, the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe are arranged side by side, and the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid return pipe arranged side by side realize heat exchange with the heat transfer heat pipe on one side of the battery through the heat exchange component.
  • the two circulation pipelines are respectively arranged on both sides of the battery, and are bent to form a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid return pipe arranged side by side, which respectively exchange heat with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on both sides of the battery; or, the two circulation pipelines are bent to form two liquid inlet pipes and liquid return pipes, wherein the liquid inlet pipe of one circulation pipeline and the liquid return pipe of the other circulation pipeline exchange heat with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on one side of the battery, and the liquid return pipe of one circulation pipeline and the liquid inlet pipe of the other circulation pipeline exchange heat with multiple heat transfer heat pipes on the other side of the battery.
  • the liquid cooling temperature control assembly includes a single circulation pipeline, which is bent to form a liquid inlet pipe 571 and a liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side, and the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side are connected to the heat transfer side of the multiple batteries.
  • the heat pipe 55 realizes heat exchange.
  • the liquid cooling temperature control component includes two circulation pipelines respectively arranged on both sides of the battery, namely the first pipeline and the second pipeline.
  • the first pipeline is arranged on the left side of the battery and is bent to form a liquid inlet pipe 571 and a liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side, which respectively exchange heat with multiple heat transfer heat pipes 55 on the left side of the battery.
  • the second pipeline is arranged on the right side of the battery and is bent to form a liquid inlet pipe 571 and a liquid return pipe 572 arranged side by side, which respectively exchange heat with multiple heat transfer heat pipes 55 on the right side of the battery.
  • the liquid cooling temperature control component includes two circulation pipelines, namely a first pipeline and a second pipeline.
  • the first pipeline and the second pipeline are bent at the top of the battery to form two liquid inlet pipes and a liquid return pipe.
  • the liquid inlet pipe 571 of the first pipeline and the liquid return pipe 572 of the second pipeline are arranged on the left side of the battery, and respectively exchange heat with the multiple heat transfer heat pipes 55 on the left side of the battery.
  • the liquid return pipe 572 of the first pipeline and the liquid inlet pipe 571 of the second pipeline are arranged on the right side of the battery, and respectively exchange heat with the multiple heat transfer heat pipes on the right side of the battery.
  • the temperature control system further includes a cooling and heating machine 573, which is connected to the circulation pipeline to circulate the circulating medium in the circulation pipeline.
  • two circulation pipelines can be connected to one cooling and heating machine, that is, the cooling and heating machine has two liquid inlets and two liquid outlets, or, two circulation pipelines can be connected to two cooling and heating machines, and the two cooling and heating machines circulate the circulating medium in the two circulation pipelines respectively.
  • the liquid inlet pipe and liquid return pipe arranged side by side exchange heat with the heat transfer heat pipe 55 of multiple batteries, which can make the temperature consistency of multiple batteries higher.
  • the above-mentioned circulating medium is a liquid medium.
  • the above liquid cooling temperature control component can ensure that the temperature rise of each layer of batteries is basically the same.
  • the first heat exchange surface and the eighth heat exchange surface absorb a total of ⁇ Q+8 ⁇ Q
  • the second heat exchange surface and the seventh heat exchange surface absorb a total of 2 ⁇ Q+7 ⁇ Q
  • the fourth heat exchange surface and the fifth heat exchange surface absorb a total of 4 ⁇ Q+5 ⁇ Q.
  • the above heat exchange surfaces exchange heat with the heat transfer heat pipe.
  • the total heat of the liquid inlet pipe 571 and the liquid return pipe 572 that exchange heat with the heat transfer heat pipe is 9 ⁇ Q. Then the heat transfer heat pipe exchanges heat with the battery pole.
  • the heat exchange device is a device with simple structure, low cost and high heat dissipation efficiency.
  • this embodiment sets a through groove 512 on the pole 511 to place a heat transfer heat pipe 55 in the through groove 512, so that the temperature of the pole 511 can be effectively controlled, and further sets an electrical connection area on the first end face 5112 of the pole 511, so that it can be installed on the electrical connection area. Plates can be connected in series or in parallel to realize multiple single batteries 51. This structure is highly practical and easy to operate, can balance the heat of the battery, has a good heat dissipation effect, and is low in cost.
  • the pole 511 can be optimized and limited accordingly as follows.
  • the optimization and limitation are the same as the limiting box of the pole in Example 11.

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Abstract

提供一种温控系统及储能系统,主要解决现有电池温控装置冷却能耗较大、冷却效率较低、结构复杂以及占用空间的问题。该温控系统用于对传递出的电池热量进行处理,或者将热量传递至电池进行升温处理,继而实现对电池的温度控制。同时,该温控系统结构简单,只占用箱体内部较小的安装空间,且温控效果较好,对于电池的安全、稳定运行有重要意义。

Description

一种温控系统及储能系统 技术领域
本申请属于电池领域,具体涉及一种温控系统及储能系统。
背景技术
锂离子电池的应用十分广泛,可以被应用于储能、动力电池等领域。随着锂离子电池的进一步发展,锂离子电池的安全也受到重点关注。由于锂离子电池的原理和结构特性,在充放电过程中会产生较大的热量,而且该热量会逐渐增加,若产生的热量没有及时释放,热量将会累积于单体电池中,造成电池温度不均匀,从而降低电池使用寿命,严重时电池的热平衡被破坏,引发一连串的自加热副反应,进而引发电池的安全事故。
目前主要采用对电池本体进行散热的方式,例如,中国专利CN216872108U公开了一种电池包及其电池冷却结构,电池冷却结构包括电池模组、上液冷板和下液冷板,所述电池模组中电芯的极柱及防爆阀区域位于所述电池模组的上端面;上液冷板位于所述电池模组的上端面且与所述电池模组换热接触,所述上液冷板上具有用于避让所述电芯的极柱及防爆阀区域的镂空结构;下液冷板位于所述电池模组的下端面且与所述电池模组换热接触。上述电池冷却结构,通过在上液冷板上设置用于避让电芯的极柱及防爆阀区域的镂空结构,在电池模组的上端面布置上液冷板的基础上,从空间上避让了电芯极柱所在的位置及防爆阀区域,利于极柱汇流排焊接,保证防爆阀作用。实现电池模组的上下端面均散热的效果,提高电池模组的冷却效果,满足散热需求。
上述电池冷却结构能够对电池本体进行有效散热,但是,上述冷却结构只能对箱体内的电池热量进行处理,无法在箱体外对电池热量进行处理,同时,该种冷却方式无法对电池的热量集中处进行及时有效的处理,冷却效率较低,冷却能耗较大。此外,该种温控方式结构复杂,还需占用电池箱体内的较大空间。
发明内容
为解决现有电池温控装置冷却能耗较大、冷却效率较低、结构复杂以及占用空间的问题,本申请提供一种温控系统及储能系统。
为达到上述目的,本申请的技术方案是:
本申请提供一种温控系统,温控系统用于对传递出的电池热量进行处理,或者将热量传递至电池进行升温处理,继而实现对电池的温度控制。本申请提供的温控系统具体包括以下几种结构形式:
本申请提供的温控系统包括温控管、冷暖机、散热器、循环泵和控制阀组件;所述温控管用于与箱体内的电池进行热量交换;所述冷暖机用于对温控管内的介质进行主动增温或主动降温,所述冷暖机的进液口与温控管的出口通过第一管路连接,冷暖机的排液口与温控管的进口通过第二管路连接;所述散热器并联在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内的介质进行被动降温;所述循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对介质的流动提供动力;所述控制阀组件用于控制冷暖机和散热器连通,实现介质的被动降温;或者,所述控制阀组件控制冷暖机和散热器断开,介质仅流入冷暖机内实现主动增温或主动降温。本申请温控系统通过冷暖机、散热器的配合使用,实现对箱体内电池的主动温控或被动温控。
进一步地,所述散热器的外侧还设置有风机,所述风机对流经散热器的介质进一步散热,从而进一步增加了散热器的散热效果,使得散热器的使用时间有所增加,减少了冷暖机的工作时间,降低了温控的能耗。
进一步地,所述温控管的进口和出口均设置在箱体外,在箱体外与第一管路和第二管 路实现连接,将温控管的进口和出口均设置在箱体外,使得温控管与第一管路、第二管路的安装连接和拆卸更加方便,同时,该种方式避免了在箱体内设置管路连接头,进而避免了箱体内介质泄露对电池产生的影响。
进一步地,所述控制阀组件包括三通电动阀,所述三通电动阀的第一端口与冷暖机的进液口连通,第二端口与第一管路或第二管路连通,第三端口与散热器的出口连通,采用三通电动阀时,只需单个器件即可实现冷暖机和散热器内介质的通断,使得控制阀组件结构简单,安装方便。
进一步地,所述控制阀组件包括第一电动阀和第二电动阀,所述第一电动阀设置在散热器的出口处,所述第二电动阀设置在第一管路上,或者,所述第一电动阀设置在散热器的进口处,所述第二电动阀设置在第二管路上,采用两个电动阀实现介质的通断时,控制比较可靠。
进一步地,所述冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件均设置在箱体的同一侧壁上,该种方式可便于各器件的布置和安装,同时便于集成化。
进一步地,所述冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件设置在集成柜内,所述集成柜设置在箱体侧壁上,将冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件设置在集成柜内,不仅使得集成化程度进一步提高,还可以提高冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件的防护等级,从而提高上述部件的使用寿命。
进一步地,该系统还包括电气控制箱,所述电气控制箱分别与冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件连接,用于控制冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件的工作状态。该电气控制箱可及时对冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件的工作状态进行控制,避免BMS系统控制冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件时产生控制延迟,同时,该电气控制箱可在现场对冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件进行操作,具有操作便捷性的特点。
进一步地,所述箱体内的温控管为单路循环管路,单路循环管路与箱体内的多个电池进行热交换,单路循环管路可使得温控管在箱体内完全没有泄露点,使得介质循环时密封性很好,避免介质泄露对箱体内的电池产生影响。
进一步地,所述箱体为密封式箱体,密封式箱体可增加箱体内电池的防护等级,避免外部杂质、水气对箱体内的电池产生影响。
进一步地,所述箱体内的温控管设置在电池极柱上,与多个电池的极柱进行热量交换,极柱为电池热量的集聚处,将极柱处的热量及时传导出去,避免电池热量集中,产生损害。进一步地,所述温控管、第一管路和第二管路为一根管路构成。
本申请提供的温控系统包括安全装置、循环换热装置以及管路组件;所述安全装置包括冷却单元,所述冷却单元对电池产生的热失控烟气进行处理;所述循环换热装置包括温控管和温控单元;所述温控管用于与电池进行热交换;所述温控单元用于对温控管内的换热介质进行降温;所述温控单元的换热介质入口与温控管的出口通过第一管路连通,温控单元的换热介质出口与温控管的进口通过第二管路连通;所述管路组件包括第三管路;所述第三管路一端与冷却单元连通,另一端与第二管路连通,用于将循环换热装置中的换热介质注入冷却单元,对电池热失控烟气进行处理。上述温控系统既能够对电池正常工作时的温度进行控制(即前端抑制),还能够对电池发生热失控的热失控烟气进行处理(即后端处理),从而保证了电池使用时的安全可靠性。同时,当发生热失控时,还可采用管路组件将循环换热装置中的冷却介质引入冷却单元中使用,减少了系统的复杂程度,并且也在一定程度上节省了能耗。
进一步地,所述管路组件还包括设置在第三管路上的截止阀,或者,所述管路组件还包括设置在第三管路与第二管路连接处的三通阀。截止阀可使得冷却单元与循环换热装置 并联设置,三通阀可使得冷却单元与循环换热装置串联设置,以上截止阀和三通阀可满足冷却单元与循环换热装置的多种灵活设置。
进一步地,所述温控单元包括循环泵和冷暖机,所述冷暖机的进口与第一管路连通,冷暖机的出口与第二管路连通,所述循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管中换热介质的流动提供动力。冷暖机可对温控管内的换热介质进行主动增温或主动降温,进而对电池进行增温或降温,使电池的工作温度在最佳范围内。
进一步地,所述温控单元还包括散热器和控制阀组件,所述散热器并联在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内的换热介质进行被动降温;所述控制阀组件用于控制冷暖机和散热器连通,实现换热介质的被动降温;或者,控制阀组件控制冷暖机和散热器断开,换热介质仅流入冷暖机内实现主动增温或主动降温。循环换热装置可通过冷暖机、散热器的组合方式对电池进行温控,在气温非极端情况下采用散热器利用环境温度为电池降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机进行加热或制冷,这样能够最大化利用环境温度,减少了温控能耗。该种方式温控成本较小,避免了只采用冷暖机时浪费能源,还避免了只采用散热器时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
进一步地,所述控制阀组件包括三通电动阀,三通电动阀设置在散热器入口和第二管道的连接处,用于控制换热介质在散热器和第二管道内的流向,即三通电动阀的第一端口与冷暖机的出口连通,第二端口与第二管路连通,第三端口与散热器的进口连通,通过三通阀对冷暖机和散热器实现切断或连通时,采用单个器件不仅可以实现灵活切换,控制准确性较高,同时控制成本还较低。
进一步地,所述循环换热装置还包括加热器,加热器对电池的运行环境或电池进行加热,该加热器可与只具有制冷功能的设备(例如水冷机)配合使用,在电池温度超过高温阈值或低温时,根据需要,启动相应的制冷设备或加热器即可,也可与具有制冷制热双功能的设备配合使用(例如冷暖机),在电池温度超过高温阈值或低温时,根据需要,启动相应的冷暖机、加热器即可,此时,上述加热为双重加热,即冷暖机对换热介质同时加热,换热介质对电池进行增温的同时,加热器对电池环境中的空气进行加热。
进一步地,所述冷却单元包括N个依次串联的冷却罐,每个冷却罐内设置有换热介质通过的冷却通道和电池热失控烟气通过的烟气通道,同时,所述冷却罐上设置有与冷却通道连通的冷却进口和冷却出口,以及与烟气通道连通的烟气进口和烟气出口,第1个冷却罐的冷却进口与第三管路连通,第N个冷却罐的冷却出口与第二管路的出口或第一管路连通,N为大于等于1的整数。该种方式有利于冷却罐内冷却通道和烟气通道的设置,使得冷却罐的结构较为简单。
进一步地,所述冷却罐内设置有螺旋状分布的烟气管,所述烟气管的内腔为烟气通道,所述烟气管外侧的冷却罐内腔为冷却通道。烟气管在冷却罐内为螺旋状排布,用于增加电池热失控烟气的行程,对热失控烟气的冷却更加充分。
进一步地,至少一个冷却罐的出口处还设置有回流罐,所述回流罐的安装高度低于所对应冷却罐的烟气出口高度,用于收集热失控烟气冷凝后的液态介质。该回流罐的数量根据电池的数量设置,可设置在第1个冷却罐或第N个冷却罐的烟气出口,也可同时设置在多个冷却罐的烟气出口处,优选设置在第1个冷却罐的烟气出口处,安装时,该回流罐的安装高度低于所对应冷却罐的烟气出口高度。该回流罐可采用任意形状的罐体,当然也采用一些不与电解液发生反应的柔性袋结构,目的是:只要能够收集热失控烟气中的电解液小液滴即可,将电解液收集后,防止高温热失控烟气中的电解液经过冷却液化后,又被新的 高温烟气汽化而重新带入烟气通道,后续产生爆炸、燃烧的风险。
进一步地,上述安全装置还包括吸附单元,所述吸附单元包括M个依次串联的吸附罐,所述吸附罐内设置有吸附介质,第1个吸附罐的进烟口与第N个冷却罐的烟气出口连通,电池热失控烟气通过冷却罐进行冷却处理后再通过吸附罐进行吸附处理,上述吸附单元对热失控烟气中的可燃气体进行吸附,降低可燃气体和有毒气体的浓度,避免排放的热失控烟气环境产生影响,M为大于等于1的整数。
更进一步地,第M个吸附罐的排烟口处还设置有气体收集单元或点火单元,用于收集或点燃吸附后残余的热失控烟气,气体收集单元或点火单元可以避免吸附后的残余热失控烟气对环境产生影响,同时避免产生二次爆炸的风险。
进一步地,上述安全装置和温控单元可设置在集成柜内。集成柜的设置,不仅使得冷却单元、吸附单元和温控单元的集成化程度进一步提高,还可以提高冷却单元、吸附单元、温控单元的防护等级,从而提高各单元的使用寿命。
本申请提供的温控系统包括温控装置、补液换液装置和循环泵;所述温控装置包括温控管和温控单元;所述温控管内的换热介质用于与电池进行热交换;所述温控单元与温控管连接,用于对温控管内的换热介质进行增温或降温;所述循环泵设置在温控管上,用于对温控管中换热介质的流动提供动力;所述补液换液装置包括排气阀、第一液管、第二液管、第一控制阀、第二控制阀和第三控制阀;所述排气阀设置在温控管上,用于补液换液时排出温控管中的空气;所述第一液管、第二液管均与温控管连通,所述第一控制阀设置在第一液管上,所述第二控制阀设置在第二液管上;所述第三控制阀设置在第一液管与第二液管之间的温控管上。以上补液换液装置和温控装置集成为一个温控系统,能够及时的在现场对温控装置进行初始充液以及运行期间的补液、换液、排液等,无需外接设备,操作便捷,系统集成度高,同时,本申请提供的温控装置能够稳定的对电池进行降温和升温控制,使电池能够在各种不同工况以及温度环境下也能够持续运行在最佳的温度内。
进一步地,补液换液装置还包括与温控管连接的膨胀罐,所述膨胀罐用于补充温控装置中的换热介质以及平衡换热介质的压力,使得温控装置中换热介质能够持续稳定的与电池进行换热。进一步地,所述膨胀罐、第一液管、第二液管连接在循环泵进口侧的温控管上,用于提高循环泵的安全性。
进一步地,所述补液换液装置还包括用于储存换热介质的储液罐,所述第一液管、第二液管均与储液罐连通,该储液罐可为固定式储液管,与第一液管、第二液管固定连接,也可为移动式储液罐。优选的,该储液罐为移动式储液罐,移动式储液罐能够对多个温控系统进行补液或换液。
进一步地,上述补液换液装置还包括设置在温控管上的压力测量装置,所述压力测量装置位于循环泵出口侧的温控管上,该压力测量装置具体可为压力传感器或压力表,用于实时监控温控管中换热介质的压力,根据压力判断温控装置是否正常,是否需要另行补液。进一步地,还包括过滤器,所述过滤器对温控管中的换热介质进行过滤和清洗,使得温控管能够及时高效的进行热交换。
进一步地,上述温控单元包括串联在温控管上的冷暖机,所述冷暖机用于对温控管内的换热介质进行主动增温或主动降温。
进一步地,所述温控单元还包括散热器和控制阀组件,散热器并联在温控管上,所述控制阀组件用于控制温控管内的换热介质是否进入散热器降温。本申请通过冷暖机、散热器的组合方式对电池进行温控,在气温非极端情况下采用散热器利用环境温度为电池降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机进行加热或制冷,这样能够最 大化利用环境温度,减少了温控能耗。该种方式温控成本较小,避免了只采用冷暖机时浪费能源,还避免了只采用散热器时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
进一步地,所述控制阀组件包括第一电动阀和第二电动阀,所述第一电动阀设置在散热器的出口处或进口处,所述第二电动阀设置在散热器的进口和出口之间的温控管上。采用两个电动阀实现换热介质的通断时,控制比较可靠。
进一步地,所述散热器的外侧还设置有风机,所述风机对流经散热器的介质进一步散热。所述风机对流经散热器的介质进一步散热,从而进一步增加了散热器的散热效果,使得散热器的使用时间有所增加,减少了冷暖机的工作时间,降低了温控的能耗。
本申请提供的温控系统包括推拉箱体和温控装置;所述温控装置位于推拉箱体内,用于与温控管内的介质进行热交换;所述推拉箱体上设置有用于与储能柜体相配合的滑动组件,以使整个推拉箱体通过滑动安装的方式输送至储能柜体内。
进一步地,所述温控装置包括温控机和主循环泵;其中,温控机用于对温控管内的介质进行增温或降温,且温控机的进口设有用于与温控管出口连接的第一管路,温控机的出口设有用于与温控管进口连接的第二管路;所述第一管路和第二管路中的至少一个设置有第一控制阀,用于控制温控管与温控机之间介质的通断;所述主循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内介质的流动提供动力。
进一步地,所述第一控制阀的控制开关配置在操作面板上,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板。
进一步地,所述第一管路的进口处设有第一分水器,所述第二管路的出口处设置有第二分水器,所述第一分水器和第二分水器上均具有多个与多路温控管连接的温控接口,第一分水器的控制开关、第二分水器的控制开关均配置在操作面板上,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板。进一步地,所述推拉箱体的侧板上设有连接接头,用于实现第一分水器、第二分水器的支管路与多路温控管的连接。
进一步地,所述第一分水器和第二分水器上具有与热失控烟气处理装置连接的热失控接口。
进一步地,所述温控接口和多路温控管之间的支管路、热失控接口与热失控烟气处理装置之间的支管路上分别设有辅循环泵。进一步地,所述第一分水器的主进接口、第二分水器的主出接口上均设置有补水接头,用于给温控装置以及温控管补液换液。
进一步地,所述补水接头为配置在操作面板上的插拔自锁接头,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板。进一步地,所述滑动组件包括多个滑动滚轮,所述滑动滚轮两两一组均布在推拉箱体的底部。
本申请提供的温控系统包括传热组件和散热组件;所述传热组件将电池热量由箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件设置在箱体外,对传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
进一步地,所述散热组件包括液冷装置和/或散热翅片,且液冷装置和/或散热翅片设置在传热组件位于箱体外的部分,对传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
进一步地,所述液冷装置包括液冷板或液冷管,所述散热翅片设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且与液冷板或液冷管一体设置。
进一步地,多个所述散热翅片沿传热方向延伸,且沿传热方向的垂直方向依次排布,所述传热方向为传热组件由箱体内延伸至箱体外的方向。
进一步地,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内。
进一步地,所述散热通道内设置至少一个排风扇,所述排风扇用于将散热组件的热量通过环境气流带走。
进一步地,所述箱体为密封式箱体。进一步地,还包括传热热管,所述传热热管设置在电池极柱上,用于将电池热量传递至传热组件。
进一步地,所述散热组件包括压缩制冷器或TEC制冷器。进一步地,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内。
本申请还提供一种储能系统,包括箱体、至少一个电池和上述的温控系统。
本申请提供的储能系统包括箱体、温控系统和电池;所述电池设置在箱体内,且电池的极柱上设置有通槽;所述温控系统包括传热组件、散热组件和传热热管;所述传热热管的一段设置在电池的极柱通槽内,另一段与传热组件实现热交换,且极柱与传热组件之间绝缘;所述传热热管将电池热量传递至传热组件;所述传热组件将电池热量从箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件设置在箱体外,将传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
进一步地,所述通槽的深度小于传热热管的直径,所述传热热管直径与通槽最宽处的比为1:1.05~1:1.1。进一步地,所述电池的极柱包括侧壁、第一端面和第二端面,所述通槽设置在侧壁或第一端面上,所述通槽与所述第二端面之间的最小距离为7~12mm。进一步地,所述通槽将第一端面分为第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域为电连接区,所述第一区域的面积与第一端面的面积比不低于50%。进一步地,所述通槽的长度与电池的盖板宽度比为0.7:1~0.9:1。进一步地,所述极柱的高度为20mm~25mm。进一步地,所述通槽的断面呈C字形或U字形。
进一步地,所述箱体为密封式箱体。进一步地,所述通槽表面设置有绝缘层,或者,所述传热热管的表面设置有绝缘层。
进一步地,所述传热组件和传热热管通过绝缘换热件实现热交换,所述绝缘换热件为绝缘换热板或导热绝缘垫,所述绝缘换热板为导热陶瓷板,所述导热绝缘垫为导热硅胶垫。
本申请提供的储能系统包括箱体、温控系统和多个电池;多个电池设置在箱体内,且每个电池的极柱上均设置有通槽;所述温控系统包括重力型热管、散热组件和多个传热热管;单个传热热管的一段设置在至少一个电池的极柱通槽内,另一段与重力型热管实现热交换,且极柱与重力型热管之间绝缘;所述重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体内,与至少一个传热热管实现热交换,冷凝段设置在箱体外,将电池热量从箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件包括散热翅片和/或液冷装置,且散热翅片和/或液冷装置设置在重力型热管的冷凝段,对重力型热管传递的电池热量进行处理。
进一步地,所述温控系统还包括液冷温控组件;所述液冷温控组件包括单路循环管路,所述单路循环管路折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,并排设置的进液管和回液管与多个传热热管实现热交换;或者,所述液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,所述两路循环管路分别设置在电池的两侧,并折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,分别与电池两侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
进一步地,所述温控系统还包括液冷温控组件;所述液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,所述两路循环管路折弯形成两路进液管和回液管,其中一路循环管路的进液管与另一路循环管路的回液管与电池一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换,一路循环管路的回液管与另一路循环管路的进液管与电池另一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
进一步地,所述通槽的断面呈C字形或U字形,所述通槽的深度小于传热热管的直径,所述传热热管直径与通槽最宽处的比为1:1.05~1:1.1。
进一步地,所述电池的极柱包括侧壁、第一端面和第二端面,所述通槽设置在侧壁或第一端面上,所述通槽的槽底与第二端面之间的最小距离为7~12mm,所述通槽设置在第一端面时,所述通槽将第一端面分为第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域为电连接区,所述第一区域面积与第一端面的面积比不低于50%。进一步地,所述通槽表面设置有绝缘层, 或者,所述传热热管的表面设置有绝缘层。
进一步地,所述液冷装置包括液冷板或液冷管,多个散热翅片一体设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且多个散热翅片沿传热方向延伸,且沿传热方向的垂直方向依次排布,所述传热方向为重力型热管由箱体内延伸至箱体外的方向。
进一步地,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热通道内设置至少一个排风扇,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内,所述排风扇用于将散热组件的热量通过气流带走。
进一步地,所述重力型热管、循环管路和传热热管通过换热组件实现热交换,所述换热组件包括依次设置的第一压板、绝缘换热件和第二压板,所述传热热管设置在第一压板的凹槽内,所述重力型热管、进液管和回液管设置在第二压板和绝缘换热板之间。
进一步地,所述绝缘换热件为绝缘换热板或导热绝缘垫,所述绝缘换热板为导热陶瓷板,所述导热绝缘垫为导热硅胶垫,所述传热热管在第一压板的凹槽内挤压变形,使得传热热管靠近绝缘换热件的一面被挤压为平面,用于增加热传递效率。
进一步地,所述第二压板和绝缘换热板之间还设置有导热板,所述进液管和回液管设置在绝缘换热板和导热板之间,所述重力型热管设置在导热板和第二压板之间。
进一步地,所述箱体为密封式箱体,所述重力型热管内的工作液体的体积为重力型热管内腔体积的30%~50%。
和现有技术相比,本申请技术方案具有如下优点:
1.本申请温控系统通过冷暖机、散热器的组合方式对电池进行温控,在气温非极端情况下采用散热器利用环境温度为电池降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机进行加热或制冷,这样能够最大化利用环境温度,减少了温控能耗。该种方式温控成本较小,避免了只采用冷暖机时浪费能源,还避免了只采用散热器时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
2.本申请温控系统设置有双重保障,当电池正常工作时,循环换热装置对电池正常工作时产生的热量进行处理,当电池发生热失控时,安全装置中的冷却单元对热失控烟气进行冷却处理,以上设置提升了电池工作和热失控时的安全可靠性。
3.本申请温控系统主要是将冷却单元和循环换热装置通过第三管路连接,使得二者可共用换热介质,该换热介质作为冷却液,不仅能够与电池正常工作时的热量进行交换,还能够与电池热失控时热失控烟气的热量进行交换,使得整个系统采用一组换热介质即可实现两种换热,该种方式不仅能够减小系统的成本,还可以合理布设各器件的位置,减小整个系统的安装空间。
4.本申请温控系统设有补液换液装置,该补液换液装置能够在现场对温控装置进行初始充液,同时还可以在电池运行过程中进行补液和换液操作。同时,该补液换液装置结构简单,只需简单的管路和阀门即可,成本较低,操作简单。
5.本申请温控系统将温控装置集成至推拉箱体内,使得温控系统的集成化程度较高,实现了温控系统的模块化设计,便于其整体安装、拆卸和维修;同时,该种方式便于温控装置中各器件的布置和安装。此外,该推拉箱体设有滑动组件,使推拉箱体通过滑动安装的方式输送至储能柜体内,在实现温控装置快速可靠的安装和拆卸的同时,还提高了储能系统的安装效率。
6.本申请温控系统中,温控装置包括温控机和主循环泵,温控装置与储能柜体中的温控管配合,对电池的热量进行及时处理,避免电池热量集中对电池产生的损害,对于电池的安全、稳定运行有重要意义。
7.本申请温控系统中将第一控制阀的控制开关配置在操作面板上,且该操作面板位于 储能柜体可开启的活动门一侧,不仅可以提高整个温控系统的操作便捷性,还便于整个温控系统模块化设计。本申请温控系统将温控装置与多路温控管的连接接头集成在推拉箱体的侧壁上,该种设置不仅使得温控管与温控装置的安装和拆卸更加方便,同时还避免了在电池仓内设置接头,温控管内介质泄露对电池产生的影响。
8.本申请温控系统中具有第一分水器和第二分水器,第一分水器和第二分水器可实现多路温控管的同时工作,进而能够在最短时间对分布在储能柜体各个位置的电池进行温控控制,提升了温控系统的工作效率。同时,第一分水器、第二分水器与多路温控管之间的支管路上分别设有辅循环泵,辅循环泵可分别对不同温控管中的介质进行循环,以实现多路温控管的多样化控制,根据需求采用相应的温控管与电池实现热交换,减少温控能耗。
9.本申请温控系统中,第一分水器和第二分水器上具有与热失控烟气处理装置中冷却单元连接的热失控接口,使得该温控系统不仅可以实现对电池的温度控制,还可以在电池热失控后,将温控装置中的冷却介质引入冷却单元或消防管路中,对热失控烟气或热失控电池进行处理。同时,第一分水器的主进接口、第二分水器的主出接口上均设置有补水接头,补水接头能够对温控系统进行初始充液以及运行期间的补液、换液、排液等,无需外接设备,操作便捷,系统集成度高。同时,补水接头为插拔自锁接头,避免了补液、换液时的泄漏,提高温控系统的安全性。
10.本申请温控系统将电池的热量通过传热组件传递至箱体外侧,通过箱体外侧的散热组件对该热量进行处理,公开了一种在箱体外对电池热量处理的方式,该种方式不仅能够避免电池热量集中在箱体内,对箱体内的电池产生影响,还能够充分利用外部环境的温度,减少了温控的能耗,冷却效率较高。此外,本申请的温控系统只需将部分传热组件设置在箱体内,散热组件设置箱体外侧,该种方式结构简单,只占用箱体内部较小的安装空间,且温控效果较好,对于电池的安全、稳定运行有重要意义。
11.本申请温控系统中,将传热热管设置在电池极柱的通槽内,与电池极柱紧密接触,当电池温度过高时,传热热管将极柱的热量及时导出,使极柱的温度能够得到有效控制,该种方式能够及时有效的处理电池产生的热量,冷却效率较高;同时,该种方式可有效对电池温度最高处的热量进行及时处理,避免电池热量集中,进而避免因电池局部温度过高导致的温度不均衡而对电池产生的损害,从而能够使电池的热量达到均衡。此外,本申请将电池的热量通过传热组件传递至箱体外侧,通过箱体外侧的散热组件对该热量进行处理,该方式不仅能够避免电池热量集中在箱体内,对箱体内的电池产生影响,还能够充分利用外部环境的温度,减少了温控的能耗。
12.本申请温控系统将电池的热量通过重力型热管传递至箱体外侧,通过箱体外侧的散热组件对该热量进行处理,该方式不仅能够避免电池热量集中在箱体内,对箱体内的电池产生影响,还能够充分利用外部环境的温度,减少了温控的能耗。同时,电池的温度主要集中于极柱上,本申请将传热热管设置在电池极柱上,当电池温度过高时,传热热管将极柱的热量及时导出,使极柱的温度能够得到有效控制,该种方式可有效对电池温度最高处的热量进行及时处理,避免电池热量集中,进而避免因电池局部温度过高导致的温度不均衡而对电池产生的损害,从而能够使电池的热量达到均衡,散热效果好。
13.本申请温控系统只需将传热热管设置在极柱上,散热组件设置箱体外侧,该种方式结构简单,只占用箱体内部较小的安装空间,且温控效果较好,对于电池的安全、稳定运行有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为实施例1中温控系统的结构示意图;
图2为实施例2中温控系统的结构示意图;
图3为实施例3中温控系统的结构示意图;
图4为实施例4中温控系统的结构示意图;
图5为实施例5中温控系统的示意图;
图6为实施例6中温控系统的示意图;
图7为实施例5和实施例6中冷却罐的示意图;
图8为实施例5和实施例6中吸附罐的示意图;
图9为实施例6中点火单元的示意图;
图10为实施例7中储能系统的示意图;
图11为实施例8中温控系统的结构示意图;
图12为实施例9中温控系统在储能柜体中的安装示意图;
图13为实施例9中温控系统的结构示意图一;
图14为实施例9中温控系统的结构示意图二;
图15为实施例9中温控系统的结构示意图三;
图16为实施例9中温控系统的原理示意图;
图17为实施例10中温控系统的原理图;
图18为实施例10中温控系统的结构示意图;
图19为实施例10中箱体设置散热通道的结构示意图;
图20为实施例10中散热组件为散热翅片的结构示意图;
图21为实施例10中散热组件为液冷装置的结构示意图;
图22为实施例10中散热组件为液冷装置和散热翅片的结构示意图;
图23为实施例10中散热组件为TEC的结构示意图;
图24为实施例10中电池的局部结构示意图;
图25为实施例10中绝缘换热件的结构示意图;
图26为实施例10中传热热管与传热组件配合的示意图;
图27为实施例11中单个电池的结构示意图;
图28为实施例11中多个电池极柱上设置传热热管的结构示意图;
图29为实施例11中电池极柱的结构示意图一;
图30为实施例11中电池极柱的结构示意图二;
图31为实施例11中电池极柱的尺寸定义示意图一;
图32为实施例11中电池极柱的尺寸定义示意图二;
图33为实施例12中传热热管与重力型热管配合的示意图;
图34为实施例12中绝缘换热件的结构示意图;
图35为实施例12中液冷温控组件与传热热管、重力型热管配合的示意图;
图36为实施例12中进液管与回液管并排设置示意图;
图37为实施例12中电池单侧设置液冷温控组件的示意图;
图38为实施例12中电池两侧设置液冷温控组件的示意图一;
图39为实施例12中电池两侧设置液冷温控组件的示意图二。
附图标记:11-温控管,12-冷暖机,13-散热器,14-循环泵,15-控制阀组件,16-第一管路,17-第二管路,18-电池,19-箱体,110-风机,111-电气控制箱,112-集成柜,101-进口,102-出口,121-进液口,122-排液口,131-第三管路,132-第四管路,151-三通电动阀,152-第一电动阀,153-第二电动阀,21-冷却单元,22-温控管,23-温控单元,24-第一管路,25-第二管路,26-管路组件,27-吸附单元,28-气体收集单元,29-点火单元,210-集成柜,2101-电池,2102-箱体,2103-泄压管,2104-汇流管,211-冷却罐,212- 回流罐,2111-冷却通道,2112-烟气管,2113-烟气通道,2114-冷却进口,2115-冷却出口,2116-烟气进口,2117-烟气出口,231-循环泵,232-冷暖机,233-散热器,234-控制阀组件,235-加热器,261-第三管路,262-三通阀,263-截止阀,271-吸附罐,2721-多孔板,2722-吸附腔,2723-连接杆,291-排气管,292-点火器,293-阻火器,294-触发器,31-温控装置,32-补液换液装置,33-循环泵,34-电池,35-膨胀罐,36-储液罐,37-压力测量装置,38-过滤器,311-温控管,312-冷暖机,313-散热器,314-控制阀组件,315-风机,3141-第一电动阀,3142-第二电动阀,321-排气阀,322-第一液管,323-第二液管,324-第一控制阀,325-第二控制阀,326-第三控制阀,41-推拉箱体,42-温控装置,43-温控管,44-储能柜体,45-电池,411-滑动组件,412-操作面板,4201-温控机,4202-主循环泵,4203-第一控制阀,4204-第一管路,4205-第二管路,4206-第一分水器,4207-第二分水器,4208-控制开关,4209-连接接头,4210-辅循环泵,4211-插拔自锁接头,4212-支管路,4213-温控接口,4214-热失控接口,4215-控制开关,51-电池,52-箱体,53-传热组件,54-散热组件,55-传热热管,56-绝缘换热件,57-液冷温控组件,511-极柱,512-通槽,521-散热通道,522-排风扇,531-重力型热管,571-进液管,572-回液管,573-冷暖机,541-液冷装置,542-散热翅片,543-TEC制冷器,5111-侧壁,5112-第一端面,5113-第二端面,5114-第一区域,561-第一压板,562-导热陶瓷板,563-第二压板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行详细说明。本领域技术人员应当理解的是,这些实施方式仅仅用来解释本申请的技术原理,目的并不是用来限制本申请的保护范围。
本申请中的温控管是具有热交换功能的管路,该管采用导热性能较好的材质制作,例如,铝管、铜管、导热系数较高塑料管等。温控管中的介质为液态换热介质,例如为水、乙二醇/水(50:50V/V)、丙乙烯乙二醇/水(50/50V/V)、甲醇/水(40/60wt/wt)、乙醇/水(44/56wt/wt)、甲酸钙/水(40/60wt/wt)等等。
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例提供温控系统包括温控管11、冷暖机12、散热器13、循环泵14和控制阀组件15;冷暖机12是具有加热和冷却功能的设备,散热器13是具有散热功能的器件,其上设置有多个散热翅片,例如蒸发器等。温控管11用于与箱体19内的电池18进行热量交换;冷暖机12用于对温控管11内的介质进行主动增温或主动降温,冷暖机12的进液口121与温控管11的出口102通过第一管路16连接,冷暖机12的排液口122与温控管11的进口101通过第二管路17连接;散热器13并联在第一管路16上,用于对温控管11内的介质进行被动降温,具体连接时,散热器13的进口通过第三管路131与第一管路16连通,出口通过第四管路132与第一管路16连通;循环泵14设置在第二管路17上,用于对介质的流动提供动力。控制阀组件15用于控制冷暖机12和散热器13连通,实现介质的被动降温;或者,控制阀组件15控制冷暖机12和散热器13断开,介质仅流入冷暖机12内实现主动增温或主动降温。
本实施例中,温控管11、第一管路16和第二管路17可通过一根管路构成,即温控管11、第一管路16和第二管路17为一体式管路,该种结构形式使得管路接头较少,系统安装和拆卸比较简单和便捷。
本实施例中,控制阀组件15具体可采用不同控制方式或结构的阀门,只要能够控制介质的通断即可,例如,具体可采用气动阀、电动阀、液动阀等,为方便控制,优选采用电动阀,电动阀便于控制,且操作方便,也便于于现场的安装。在本实施例中,控制阀组件15具体包括第一电动阀152和第二电动阀153,第一电动阀152设置在散热器13的出口处, 即设置在第四管路132上,第二电动阀153设置在第一管路16上,且位于第三管路131的进口之后,第一电动阀152和第二电动阀153通过电池的BMS系统控制,BMS系统根据采集的电池温度控制第一电动阀152和第二电动阀153的工作状态。
上述系统的工作原理是:当电池18温度过高时,第一电动阀152打开,第二电动阀153关闭,温控管11中的介质与电池18进行热量交换,随后,温控管11中的介质通过第一管路16进入散热器13,散热器13对介质中的热量进行处理,随后,冷却后的介质进入冷暖机12通过循环泵14进行循环,此时,冷暖机12不工作,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过散热器13实现被动冷却。当电池18温度过高超过阈值时,第一电动阀152关闭,第二电动阀153打开,温控管11与电池18进行热交换,随后,温控管11中的介质通过第一管路16进入冷暖机12,此时,冷暖机12工作,并通过循环泵14进行循环,对介质进行冷却,随后,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机12实现主动冷却。当电池18温度过低时,第一电动阀152关闭,第二电动阀153打开,冷暖机12工作,并通过循环泵14进行循环,对介质进行增温,随后,增温后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机12实现主动增温。上述系统通过冷暖机12和散热器13对电池18进行组合式主动散热、主动增温和被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池18的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动冷却时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动冷却时电池18温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
本实施例中,温控管11与箱体19内的电池18进行热量交换时,温控管11设置在电池18的壳体上或设置在电池18的极柱上,即温控管11设置在相邻电池的本体之间,用于与电池本体进行热量交换,或者,温控管11设置在电池极柱上方,与电池极柱进行热量交换,温控管11设置在极柱上时,若温控管11为金属件时,需在温控管与极柱之间进行绝缘处理,例如设置导热绝缘层等。由于电池18的温度主要集中于极柱上,当电池18的极柱温度过高时,温控管11将极柱的热量及时导出,随后将其传递至箱体19外侧,在箱体19外侧实现热量处理。该种温控方式尽可能利用外部环境的热量,使得电池18温控的能耗降低,同时也避免了电池18热量在箱体19内集中,对箱体19内的电池18产生损害。
本实施例中的温控系统通过散热器和冷暖机对电池进行组合式主动散热、主动增温以及被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动温控时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动温控时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。该种设置使得散热器与外部环境进行充分热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而节约了主动制冷的开启时间,节约了能源。
实施例2
如图2所示,在实施例1的基础上,本实施例提供的温控系统还包括电气控制箱111,该电气控制箱111采用常规的电气控制柜即可,该电气控制箱111分别与冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件15连接,该电气控制箱111可及时对冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件15的工作状态进行控制,避免BMS系统控制冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件15时产生的控制延迟,同时,该电气控制箱111可在现场对冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件15进行操作,具有操作便捷性。
与实施例1不同的是,本实施例的控制阀组件15只包括三通电动阀151,三通电动阀151的第一端口与冷暖机12的进液口121连通,第二端口与第一管路16的连通,第三端口与散热器13的出口连通,即与第四管路132连通,采用三通电动阀控制时,只需单个器件即可实现控制,结构简单,安装方便。
本实施例中,温控管11的进口101和出口102均设置在箱体19外,在箱体19外与第一管路16和第二管路17实现连接,将温控管11的进口和出口均设置在箱体19外,使得温控管11与第一管路16、第二管路17的安装连接和拆卸更加方便,同时,该种方式避免了在箱体内设置管路连接头,进而避免了箱体内介质泄露对电池产生的影响。箱体19内的温控管11为单路循环管路,单路循环管路与箱体19内的多个电池18进行热交换。单路循环管路可使得温控管11在箱体完全没有泄露点,介质循环时密封性很好,进一步避免了介质泄露对箱体内的电池产生的影响。
本实施例中,上述散热器13的外侧还设置有风机110,风机110对散热器13内的介质进一步散热。电池18在充放电过程中能够产生大量的热,为了能够把热量散掉,尽可能利用环境温度,所以设置风机,这样即使在气温为40℃的高温情况下,也能够证电池18的温度在50℃以下。电池18温度的控制,其主要是能耗问题,采用空调等制冷设备,能耗很高,所以尽可能利用环境温度对电池的温度进行控制。该方案在气温非极端情况下采用散热器13利用环境温度为电池降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机12进行加热或制冷,这样能够最大化利用环境温度,减少了温控能耗。
上述系统的工作原理是:当电池18温度过高时,三通电动阀151的第一端口和第三端口连通,第二端口关闭,温控管11内的介质与电池18进行热交换,随后,温控管11中的介质随后通过第一管路16进入散热器13,散热器13对介质中的热量进行处理,随后,冷却后的介质进入冷暖机12通过循环泵14进行循环,此时,冷暖机12不工作,只保证介质的通过,随后,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过散热器13实现被动冷却。当电池18温度过高超过阈值时,三通电动阀的第一端口和第二端口连通,第三端口关闭,温控管11与电池18进行热量交换,随后,温控管11中的介质通过第一管路16进入冷暖机12,此时,冷暖机12工作,对介质进行冷却,通过循环泵14进行循环,随后,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机12实现主动冷却。当电池18温度过低时,三通电动阀151的第一端口和第二端口连通,第三端口关闭,冷暖机12工作,对温控管内的介质进行增温,通过循环泵14进行循环,随后,增温后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机12实现主动增温。本系统通过冷暖机12和散热器13对电池18进行组合式主动散热、主动增温和被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池18的热量能够得到有效处理,同时温控成本较小,避免了只采用主动冷却时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动冷却时电池18温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
实施例3
如图3所示,本实施例提供温控系统包括温控管11、冷暖机12、散热器13、循环泵14、控制阀组件15和电气控制箱111;温控管11用于与箱体19内的电池18进行热量交换;冷暖机12用于对温控管11内的介质进行主动增温或主动降温,冷暖机12的进液口121与温控管11的出口102通过第一管路16连接,冷暖机12的排液口122与温控管11的进口101通过第二管路17连接;散热器13并联在第二管路17上,用于对温控管11内的介质进行被动降温,具体连接时,散热器13的进口通过第三管路131与第二管路17连通,出口通过第四管路132与第二管路17连通;循环泵14设置在第一管路16上,用于对介质的流动提供动力,在其他实施例中,循环泵14也可设置在第二管路17上,只要能够对介质的流动提供动力即可。上述电气控制箱111分别与冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件连接,用于分别控制冷暖机12、循环泵14和控制阀组件的工作状态。散热器13的外侧还设置有风机110,风机110对散热器13内的介质进行散热。
本实施例中,温控管11的进口101和出口102均设置在箱体19外,在箱体19外与第一管 路16和第二管路17实现连接。箱体19内的温控管11为单路循环管路,单路循环管路与箱体19内的多个电池18进行热交换,该种方式使得箱体内的温控部分结构简单,箱体内无复杂的温控结构,使得箱体内器件的布局更加简单和方便。同时,该温控系统中除温控管11设置在箱体19内,其余部件均设置在电池18外,具有结构简单,成本较低,不占用空间等特点。
本实施例的控制阀组件15包括设置在第二管路17上的第二电动阀153和设置在第三管路131上的第一电动阀152,控制阀组件15用于控制冷暖机12和散热器13连通,实现介质的被动降温,或者,控制阀组件15控制冷暖机12和散热器13断开,介质仅流入冷暖机12内实现主动增温或主动降温。
本实施例中,控制阀组件15包括第一电动阀152和第二电动阀153,第一电动阀152设置在散热器13的进口处,第二电动阀153设置在第二管路17上。当电池18温度过高,第一电动阀152打开,第二电动阀153关闭,温控管11中的介质与电池18进行热量交换,随后,温控管11中的介质通过第一管路16进入冷暖机12,此时,冷暖机12不工作,通过循环泵14进行循环,随后,未冷却的介质进入散热器13,散热器13对介质中的热量进行处理,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过散热器13实现被动冷却。当电池18温度过高超过阈值时,第一电动阀152关闭,第二电动阀153打开,温控管11与电池18进行热交换,随后,温控管11中的介质通过第一管路16进入冷暖机12,此时,冷暖机12工作,对介质进行冷却,通过循环泵14进行循环,随后,冷却后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内。当电池18温度过低时,第一电动阀152关闭,第二电动阀153打开,冷暖机12工作,对介质进行增温,通过循环泵14进行循环,随后,增温后的介质通过第二管路17返回至箱体19内的温控管11内,与电池18进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机12实现主动增温。
实施例4
如图1至图4所示,在实施例1、实施例2和实施例3的基础上,将冷暖机12、循环泵14、散热器13和控制阀组件设置在箱体19的同一侧壁上。该种方式可便于各器件的布置和安装,实现模块化安装和管理。该温控系统还包括集成柜112,冷暖机12、循环泵14、散热器13和控制阀组件15设置在集成柜112内,集成柜112设置在箱体19侧壁上,该集成柜112的侧壁为镂空式的结构。本实施例将冷暖机12、循环泵14、散热器13和控制阀组件15设置在集成柜112内,不仅使得集成化程度进一步提高,还可以提高冷暖机12、循环泵14、散热器13和控制阀组件15的防护等级,从而提高上述部件的使用寿命,进而提高了整个温控系统的使用寿命。
为适用不同的使用环境,同时为增加电池18的使用寿命,该箱体19为密封式箱体。密封式箱体不仅能够提高电池18的防护等级,避免外部灰尘、水汽进入箱体19内,对箱体19内的电池18产生影响。更重要的是密封后箱体19内相对处于隔离外部环境的状态,箱体19内部温度比较一致,避免电池18某一处热量集中。
本申请还提供另一种结构的温控系统,其包括安全装置、循环换热装置,该安全装置主要包括冷却单元,主要对电池产生的热失控烟气进行处理。循环换热装置包括温控管和温控单元,主要对电池正常工作产生的热量进行处理。温控单元是具有加热和/或冷却功能的设备,例如,冷暖机、水冷机等。本申请温控系统中的冷却单元和循环换热装置通过第三管路连接,冷却单元和循环换热装置可采用同一液体介质,使得整个系统的布置更加简单和灵活,同时还降低了整个系统的运行成本。上述冷却单元采用液冷对热失控烟气进行冷却,与一些填充固体作为冷却材料的方式相比,液体冷却在冷却效率、成本以及结构等多方面具有优势。首先,液体介质的热容量大、可动力循环、冷却效果好,能够快速对 热失控烟气进行充分冷却,因此,相对于固体冷却材料,在处理相同体积的热失控烟气时,液体冷却具有冷却速度快、可动力循环,冷却效果好的特点。其次,采用液体冷却,具体可采用水或乙二醇溶液等冷却液,水或乙二醇溶液相对于陶瓷球、蜂窝陶瓷体、二氧化硅等固体冷却材料,其成本非常低,进而使得整个冷却单元的成本较低。此外,为对热失控烟气进行更加彻底、安全的处理,还可在冷却单元后依次设置吸附单元、气体收集单元或点火单元。
本申请对以上单元的具体结构不进行限定,可采用现有的结构,只要能够满足其功能即可。以下通过具体实施例对本申请系统的结构进行详细说明。
实施例5
如图5、图7和图8所示,本实施例提供的温控系统包括安全装置、循环换热装置以及管路组件26;安全装置包括冷却单元21,冷却单元21对电池产生的热失控烟气进行处理;循环换热装置包括温控管22和温控单元23;温控管22用于与电池2101进行热交换;温控单元23用于对温控管22内的换热介质进行升温或降温;温控单元23的换热介质入口与温控管22的出口通过第一管路24连通,温控单元23的换热介质出口与温控管22的进口通过第二管路25连通;管路组件26包括第三管路261;第三管路261一端与冷却单元21连通,另一端与第二管路25连通,用于将循环换热装置中的换热介质注入冷却单元21,对电池热失控烟气进行处理。
如图7所示,本实施例的冷却单元21包括至少一个冷却罐211,若冷却罐211为多个,则将多个冷却罐211通过软管依次串联,每个冷却罐211内设置有换热介质通过的冷却通道2111和热失控烟气通过的烟气通道2113,同时,冷却罐211上设置有与冷却通道2111连通的冷却进口2114和冷却出口2115,以及与烟气通道2113连通的烟气进口2116和烟气出口2117,冷却通道2111和烟气通道2113为相互独立的通道,热失控烟气和换热介质通过时互不干涉,换热介质能够吸收热失控烟气中的热量,对其进行冷却。上述冷却罐211的烟气出口2117处还设置有回流罐212,此时,回流罐212的安装高度低于冷却罐211的烟气出口2117高度,用于收集热失控烟气冷凝后的液态介质。
本实施例中的烟气管2112为螺旋状结构,即为螺旋管结构,此时,螺旋管的进口和出口分别为烟气进口2116和烟气出口2117,冷却罐211上方的敞口端即为冷却进口2114,设置在冷却罐下方侧壁上的突出管即为冷却出口2115,螺旋状结构的烟气管即增加了热失控气体在烟气管中的行程,又增加了烟气管2112与冷却通道2111的接触面积,达到良好的冷却效果。
本实施例的温控单元23包括循环泵231和冷暖机232,冷暖机232用于对温控管22内的换热介质进行主动增温或主动降温,冷暖机232的进口与第一管路24连通,冷暖机232的出口与第二管路25连通,循环泵231设置在第一管路24上,当然,该循环泵231也可设置在第二管路25上,只要能够对温控管22中换热介质的流动提供动力即可。在其他实施例中,该冷暖机232也可替换为水冷机,该水冷机只具有降温作用,此时,可在电池运行环境中设置加热器,加热器可为暖风机,对电池运行环境进行加热,或者也可在电池壳体上设置加热片,对电池本体进行加热,该种既能加热又能制冷的设置可保证电池工作在最佳温度范围内。
在本实施例中,通过第三管路261将冷却单元21和循环换热装置进行串联,即在第三管路261与第二管路25连接处的设置三通阀262,此时,第三管路261的进口与三通阀262的第一端口连接,第三管路261的出口与冷却罐211的冷却进口2114连接,冷却罐211的冷却 出口2115与第二管路25连接,且连接位置位于三通阀262的后方的第二管路25上。三通阀262的第二端口和第三端口均与第二管路25连接,且第二端口与冷暖机232的出口连通,第三端口与温控管的进口连通。该三通阀262控制从冷暖机232调温后的液体在电池正常工作时换热介质只通过第二管路25进入温控管22。若电池发生热失控,该三通阀262控制从冷暖机232冷却后的液体先通过冷却罐211对热失控烟气先进行冷却后,再返回至温控管22的进口与对电池进行冷却。
在本实施例中,还可在最后一个冷却罐211的烟气出口2117处设置有吸附单元27,该吸附单元27包括多个依次串联的吸附罐271,每个吸附罐271内填充有吸附介质;电池热失控烟气通过冷却罐211进行冷却处理后再通过吸附罐271进行吸附处理。如图8所示,上述吸附罐271内设置有多个间隔分布的多孔板2721,相邻2个多孔板2721通过两端设有螺纹的连接杆2723轴向连接,即连接杆2723的两端分别穿过多孔板2721,随后通过螺母固定,此时,相邻的两个多孔板2721与吸附罐271内壁形成吸附腔2722,若多孔板2721为两个,则形成一个吸附腔2722,吸附介质填充在部分吸附腔2722或全部吸附腔2722内。更进一步的,为避免吸附处理的热失控烟气对环境产生影响,在最后一个吸附罐271的出口处设置有气体收集单元28,该气体收集单元28采用收集袋或收集罐。
上述安全装置与电池壳体上设置的泄爆口连接。当电池正常工作时,循环换热装置中温控管和温控单元对电池进行温度控制。当电池发生热失控时,泄爆口打开,电池内部的高温物质会通过泄爆口进入烟气通道2113,此时,从冷暖机232冷却后的换热介质先通过冷却罐211对热失控烟气先进行冷却后,再返回至温控管22的进口与对电池进行冷却。冷却通道2111中的换热介质对热失控烟气降温后,使得高温物质中的部分固体颗粒失去活性,气化的电解液重新冷凝,经过烟气通道2113的各种物质降温后进入吸附腔2722,并通过吸附腔2722中的吸附介质对全部的固体、液体以及大部分可燃气体进行吸附,没有被吸附的小分子气体如氮气等实现排放或进行收集。该装置将电池热失控后产生的各种物质通过冷却、吸附后再收集而不会引发爆炸、着火等危险。
实施例6
如图6至图9所示,本实施例提供的温控系统包括安全装置、循环换热装置以及管路组件26;安全装置包括冷却单元21,冷却单元21对电池产生的热失控烟气进行处理;循环换热装置包括温控管22和温控单元23;温控管22用于与电池2101进行热交换;温控单元23用于对温控管22内的换热介质进行降温;温控单元23的换热介质入口与温控管22的出口通过第一管路24连通,温控单元23的换热介质出口与温控管22的进口通过第二管路25连通;管路组件26包括第三管路261;第三管路261一端与冷却单元21连通,另一端与第二管路25连通,用于将循环换热装置中的换热介质注入冷却单元21,对电池2101热失控烟气进行处理。
本实施例的冷却单元21包括至少一个冷却罐211,若冷却罐211为多个,则将多个冷却罐211依次通过软管串联,每个冷却罐211内设置有换热介质通过的冷却通道2111和热失控烟气通过的烟气通道2113,同时,冷却罐211上设置有与冷却通道2111连通的冷却进口2114和冷却出口2115,以及与烟气通道2113连通的烟气进口2116和烟气出口2117,冷却通道2111和烟气通道2113为相互独立的通道,热失控烟气和换热介质通过时互不干涉,换热介质能够吸收热失控烟气中的热量,对其进行冷却。上述冷却罐211的烟气出口2117处还设置有回流罐212,此时,回流罐212的安装高度低于冷却罐211的烟气出口2117高度,用于收集热失控烟气冷凝后的液态介质。
在本实施例中,还可在最后一个冷却罐211的烟气出口2117处设置吸附单元27,热失控烟气通过冷却罐211进行冷却处理后再通过吸附罐271进行吸附处理,更进一步的,为减 少对环境的污染,需对吸附后剩余的热失控烟气进行点燃,即在吸附单元27后设置点火单元29,点火单元29的数量可根据电池的数量和需求进行设置,可设置为1个或多个,设置为2个及以上可保证点燃的可靠性,当某一个点火单元29失效或发生故障时,其他点火单元29能够正常进行工作。
如图9所示,单个点火单元29具体包括排气管291、点火器292和触发器294,排气管291的进口与最后一个吸附罐271的出口连通,点火器292设置在排气管291的出口端,用于点燃排气管291排出的热失控烟气,触发器294设置在排气管291上,用于在热失控烟气通过排气管291时启动点火器292。本实施例中的触发器294可为不同结构的传感器,只要能够在电池发生热失控时发出信号即可,即在电池热失控时对温度、压力或气体体积分数等参数进行实时检测,当超过设定阈值时即可发出信号,该信号可为电信号或机械信号等。具体的,上述传感器可为压力传感器、气体传感器或温度传感器中的一种。上述排气管291上还可设置阻火器293,该阻火器293防止火焰向下传输,具体可为单向阀或管道阻火器等。此外,还可在排气管291的顶端设置防雨盖,防止外部的杂质或水汽进入排气管291。上述点火器292结构可为多种,例如具体可采用现有的电弧式点火器或电阻丝点火器等,电弧式点火器具体可采用脉冲点火器,点火器的供电方式可根据现场环境采用干电池或交流电。
本实施例提供温控单元23包括温控管22、冷暖机232、散热器233、循环泵231和控制阀组件234;温控管22用于与电池进行热量交换;冷暖机232用于对温控管22内的介质进行主动增温或主动降温,冷暖机232的进口与温控管22的出口通过第一管路24连接,冷暖机232的出口与温控管22的进口通过第二管路25连接;散热器233并联在第二管路25上,用于对温控管22内的介质进行被动降温,具体连接时,散热器233的进口通过管路与第二管路25连通,出口通过管路与第二管路25连通;循环泵231设置在第二管路25上,用于对介质的流动提供动力。控制阀组件234用于控制冷暖机232和散热器233连通,实现介质的被动降温;或者,控制阀组件234控制冷暖机232和散热器233断开,介质仅流入冷暖机232内实现主动增温或主动降温。
上述控制阀组件234具体可采用不同控制方式或结构的阀门,只要能够控制介质的通断即可,例如,具体可采用气动阀、电动阀、液动阀等。在本实施例中,控制阀组件234只包括三通电动阀,三通电动阀的第一端口与冷暖机232的出口连通,第二端口与第二管路25连通,第三端口与散热器233的进口连通,具体设置在散热器入口和第二管道的连接处,用于控制换热介质在散热器和第二管道内的流向,采用三通电动阀控制时,只需单个器件即可实现控制,结构简单,安装方便。
本实施例中的循环换热装置通过散热器233和冷暖机232对电池进行组合式主动散热、主动增温以及被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动温控时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动温控时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。该种设置使得散热器233与外部环境进行充分热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而减少了主动制冷的开启时间,节约了能源。
在本实施例中,通过第三管路261将冷却单元21和循环换热装置进行并联,即在第三管路261上设置截止阀263,此时,第三管路261的进口与第二管路25连接,第三管路261的出口与冷却罐211的冷却进口2114连接,冷却罐211的冷却出口2115与第二管路25的出口处或第一管路24连接。电池未发生热失控,正常工作时,截止阀263关闭,换热介质在温控单元23和温控管22内循环,对电池进行增温或降温。电池发生热失控时,截止阀263打开,循环换热装置中的换热介质部分注入冷却罐211的冷却通道2111中,对烟气通道2113中的 热失控烟进行冷却。
上述系统的工作原理是:当电池工作时,截止阀263关闭,若电池温度过高时,三通电动阀的第一端口和第三端口连通,第二端口关闭,温控管22内的介质与电池进行热交换后,温控管22内的换热介质温度升高,温度升高后的换热介质进入冷暖机232,此时,冷暖机232不工作,只保证介质的通过,随后,换热介质通过循环泵231后进入散热器233,散热器233对换热介质中的热量进行冷却处理,冷却后的换热介质返回至温控管22内,与电池的产生的热量再次进行交换,该过程中,通过散热器233实现被动冷却。当电池温度过高超过阈值时,三通电动阀的第一端口和第二端口连通,第三端口关闭,温控管22内的介质与电池进行热交换,温控管22内的换热介质温度升高,温度升高后的换热介质进入冷暖机232,此时,冷暖机232工作,对换热介质中的热量进行冷却处理,冷却后的换热介质返回至温控管22内,与电池的产生的热量再次进行交换,该过程中,通过冷暖机232实现主动冷却。不论在主动冷却或被动冷却时,若电池发生热失控,截止阀263打开,第二管路25中的换热介质流入冷却罐61的冷却通道2111中,对热失控烟进行冷却处理,与热失控烟气实现热交换的换热介质返回至冷暖机232的进口,或者返回至第二管路25的出口处,对电池进行冷却。
上述并联系统和实施例5中的串联系统相比,各个支路独立,安全装置和循环换热装置中的换热介质不相互影响,实施例5的串联系统中,将与热失控烟气热交换后的换热介质注入温控管对电池进行冷却,此时,与电池换热的换热介质温度较高,影响电池的降温效果。
实施例7
如图10所示,本实施例提供一种储能系统,该储能系统包括箱体2102、至少一个电池2101以及实施例5或实施例6中温控系统;多个电池2101在箱体2102内并联、串联,或者串并联,多个电池2101的泄压口通过泄压管2103与汇流管2104连通,汇流管2104与第1个冷却罐211的进口连通。箱体2102的内壁上设置有多个加热器235,为保证加热效果,该箱体可为封闭式箱体。循环换热装置的温控管也设置在箱体2102内,温控管与电池2101进行热量交换时,温控管设置在电池2101的壳体上或设置在电池2101的极柱上,用于与电池壳体或电池极柱进行热量交换。
本实施例中的冷却单元21、吸附单元27和温控单元23设置在箱体2102外,便于各器件的布置和安装,同时便于集成化,还可大幅提升箱体2102内部的空间利用率,进而可提高储能系统的容量。更进一步的,将上述冷却单元21、吸附单元27、温控单元23设置在集成柜210内,集成柜210设置在箱体2102外侧壁上,点火单元29设置在集成柜210外部,该集成柜210可以是设置在箱体2102外壁上的柜子,即与箱体2102为分体结构,也可以将箱体2102内腔进行分区,即在箱体2102内设置分隔板,将箱体2102内腔分为两部分,其中一部分为电池仓,另一部分为设备仓,该设备仓内放置冷却单元21、吸附单元27和温控单元23。集成柜210的设置,不仅使得冷却单元21、吸附单元27、温控单元23的集成化程度进一步提高,还可以提高冷却单元21、吸附单元27、温控单元23的防护等级,从而提高各单元的使用寿命。本储能系统中的安全温控系统不仅能够对正常工作时产生的热量进行处理,还能够电池的热失控烟气进行处理,使得电池2101在存放以及运行时的安全性大幅提升。
实施例8
如图11所示,本实施例提供的温控系统包括温控装置31、补液换液装置32和循环泵33;温控装置31包括温控管311和温控单元;温控管311内的换热介质用于与电池34进行热交换;温控单元与温控管311连接,用于对温控管311内的换热介质进行增温或降温;循环泵 33设置在温控管311上,用于对温控管311中换热介质的流动提供动力。上述温控装置31可以是现有的加热设备或冷却设备,也可以是具有加热和冷却双重功能的设备,只要能够对温控管311中的换热介质进行增温和/或降温即可,在本实施例中,温控单元包括串联在温控管311上的冷暖机312,该冷暖机312能够主动对温控管311中的换热介质进行增温或降温,实现主动温控。
在其它实施例中,该温控单元还包括散热器313和控制阀组件314,散热器313并联在温控管311上,该散热器是具有散热功能的器件,其上设置有多个散热翅片,例如蒸发器等。控制阀组件314用于控制温控管311内的换热介质是否进入散热器313降温。该散热器313的外侧还设置有风机315,风机315对流经散热器313的介质进一步散热,从而进一步增加了散热器313的散热效果,使得散热器313的使用时间有所增加,减少了冷暖机312的工作时间,降低了温控的能耗。
本实施例中,控制阀组件314具体可采用不同控制方式或结构的阀门,只要能够控制介质的通断即可,例如,具体可采用气动阀、电动阀、液动阀等,为方便控制,优选采用电动阀,电动阀便于控制,且操作方便,也便于现场的安装。在本实施例中,控制阀组件314具体包括第一电动阀3141和第二电动阀3142,第一电动阀3141设置在散热器313的出口处或进口处,第二电动阀3142设置在散热器313的进口和出口之间的温控管311上。第一电动阀3141和第二电动阀3142通过电池34的BMS系统控制,BMS系统根据采集的电池34温度控制第一电动阀3141和第二电动阀3142的工作状态。采用两个电动阀实现换热介质的通断时,控制比较可靠。
本实施例温控装置31通过冷暖机312、散热器313的组合方式对电池34进行温控,在气温非极端情况下采用散热器313利用环境温度为电池34降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机312进行加热或制冷,这样能够最大化利用环境温度,减少了温控能耗。该种方式既能够保证电池34的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动温控时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动温控时电池34温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。该种设置使得散热器313与外部环境进行充分热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而节约了主动制冷的开启时间,节约了能源。
如图11所示,本实施例中的补液换液装置32包括排气阀321、第一液管322、第二液管323、第一控制阀324、第二控制阀325和第三控制阀326;排气阀321设置在温控管311上,用于补液换液时排出温控管311中的空气;第一液管322、第二液管323均与温控管311连通,第一控制阀324设置在第一液管322上,第二控制阀325设置在第二液管323上;第三控制阀326设置在第一液管322与第二液管323之间的温控管311上。
上述补液换液装置32还包括用于储存换热介质的储液罐36,第一液管322、第二液管323均与储液罐36连通。优选的,上述储液罐36为移动式储液罐36,移动式储液罐36能够对多个温控系统进行补液或换液。
在上述温控系统的基础上,进一步对温控系统进行优化。
首先,本实施例系统在温控管311上设置有膨胀罐35,膨胀罐35用于补充温控装置31中的换热介质以及平衡换热介质的压力。上述补液换液装置中的第一液管322、第二液管323和膨胀罐35安装在循环泵33的进口侧,避免循环泵在初始运转时空转和干磨产生的损坏,从而提高循环泵的安全性,同时,第一控制阀324或第二控制阀325至少有一个安放在系统的低点,用于排液时尽量使系统的换热介质排放完全,排气阀321安放在系统的高点,用于将系统中的空气完全排空。
其次,上述补液换液装置32还包括设置在温控管311上的压力测量装置37,压力测量装置37位于循环泵33出口侧的温控管311上,该压力测量装置37具体可为压力传感器或压 力表,用于实时监控温控管311中换热介质的压力,压力表或压力传感器放置在循环泵33出口侧,可用于检测系统压力。停泵时根据压力判断系统冲压是否正常,是否需要另行补液;启泵后可判断循环泵33工况是否正常,进而判断系统是否有其它问题。
最后,第一液管322或第二液管323上设置有过滤器38,过滤器38对温控管311中的换热介质进行过滤和清洗,使得温控管311能够及时更好的进行热交换。
本实施例中,温控管311与电池34进行热量交换时,温控管311设置在电池34的壳体上或设置在电池34的极柱上,即温控管311设置在相邻电池34的本体之间,用于与电池34本体进行热量交换,或者,温控管311设置在电池34极柱上方,与电池34极柱进行热量交换,温控管311设置在极柱上时,若温控管311为金属件时,需在温控管311与极柱之间进行绝缘处理,例如设置导热绝缘层等。
上述温控装置31的工作过程是:当电池34温度过高时,第一电动阀3141打开,第二电动阀3142关闭,温控管311中的换热介质与电池34进行热量交换,随后,温度升高的换热介质通过温控管311依次进入冷暖机312、循环泵33和散热器313,此时,冷暖机312不工作,散热器313对介质中的热量进行处理,随后,冷却后的换热介质进入进行温控管311,与电池34进行热量交换,从而通过散热器313实现被动冷却。当电池34温度过高,超过设定阈值时,第一电动阀3141关闭,第二电动阀3142打开,温控管311与电池34进行热交换,随后,温度升高的换热介质通过温控管311依次进入冷暖机312、和循环泵33,此时,冷暖机312工作,冷暖机312对介质中的热量进行处理,随后,冷却后的换热介质进入温控管311,与电池34进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机312实现主动冷却。当电池34温度过低时,第一电动阀3141关闭,第二电动阀3142打开,冷暖机312工作,并通过循环泵33进行循环,对介质进行增温,随后,增温后的介质返回至温控管311内,与电池34进行热量交换,从而通过冷暖机312实现主动增温。该系统通过冷暖机312和散热器313对电池34进行组合式主动散热、主动增温和被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池34的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动冷却时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动冷却时电池34温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。
下面对以上温控系统的充液、补液和排液过程进行详细描述。
初始充液过程:在储液罐36内填充换热介质,关闭排气阀321、第三控制阀326和第二电动阀3142,打开第一液管上的第一控制阀324、第二液管上的第二控制阀325以及第一电动阀3141,将第一液管322的一端放入储液罐36的底部,即第一液管322没入换热介质中,随后,循环泵33启动(若循环泵33为自吸泵,自吸泵灌入足量换热介质后启动),储液罐36中的换热介质由第一液管322流入温控管311中,随后填充满整个温控管311、冷暖机312和散热器313,在温控管311充满液体的过程中,进入系统的高速流动的换热介质带着管路中的气体一起从第二液管323路中流出,从而达到将换热介质充入系统的目的。
初始充液完成后,还可进行清洁过程:将温控管311中的气体排尽,初始充液完成后,如对管路内的清洁程度有疑问,可将过滤器38的进口接充第一液管322,出口接充第二液管323,或者,将过滤器38设置在温控管上,关闭排气阀321、第三控制阀326和第二电动阀3142,打开第一控制阀324、第二控制阀325以及第一电动阀3141,循环泵33启动,使系统内的换液介质循环运行足够的时间,通过过滤器38对换热介质进行过滤,从而达到清洁系统内部的作用。完成清洁后,打开第三控制阀326,关闭第一控制阀324、第二控制阀325,管路中的换热介质以进入循环状态。
排液过程:将第一液管322、第二液管323连接到储液罐36,打开第一控制阀324、第二控制阀325、第三控制阀326和排气阀321,使换热介质流入储液罐36,必要时可在排气阀321处吹入压缩气体,加速排液,使排液较为彻底,若排液不彻底,拆解温控管311时, 流出的大量换热介质会引起其它事故。若无其它需求,排液后关闭各阀门保持系统内部清洁。
补液过程:换热介质和管路系统存在膨胀系数差异,设置膨胀罐35,消除膨胀系数差异引起的系统压力过高或过低;系统长时间运转,微小的泄露也会引起系统内部压力变化,膨胀罐35内的液体会补充进温控管311中,避免因压力过低引起系统故障。膨胀罐35设置在循环泵的进口侧,可解决补液压力问题,避免系统整体压力过高。
实施例9
在电池充放电运行过程中,电池自身会产生大量热,如果不及时对电池降温,那么电池的性能将会下降。现有储能系统中,一般设置冷却装置对电池进行温度控制,以确保储能柜体内电池的安全使用。目前,主要采用液冷的方式对电池进行降温。通过液冷方式对电池进行降温时,一般采用温控管与储能柜体内的电池进行一级热交换或二级热交换的方式。一级热交换时,该温控管设在电池的壳体上或设在电池的极柱上,用于与电池本体或电池极柱直接进行热交换;二级热交换时,电池上设置有热传导装置,热传导装置将电池的热量导出,该温控管与热传导装置实现换热。
如图12所示,本实施例提供一种温控系统,该温控系统与储能柜体44中的温控管43配合使用,该温控管43是具有热交换功能的管路。本实施例中的温控系统包括推拉箱体41和温控装置42;温控装置42位于推拉箱体41内,用于对温控管43内的介质进行增温或降温,使得温控系统能够稳定的对电池45进行温度控制,以使储能柜体44内的电池45运行在最佳温度范围内。
如图13至图15所示,本实施例温控系统主要将温控装置42安装至推拉箱体41内,推拉箱体41将温控装置42中各器件集成化安装,便于温控装置42中各器件的布置和安装,实现模块化设计,同时也便于温控系统的整体安装。在本实施例中,为方便温控装置42的安装,该推拉箱体41主要为一个矩形立方体箱体,不要求该推拉箱体41是一个封闭的箱体,因此,该推拉箱体41可以通过底板、顶板和前侧板拼接形成,也可以通过底板、前侧板、后侧板拼接形成,还可以通过底板、前侧板、左侧板、右侧板拼接形成,还可以通过底板、前侧板、后侧板、左侧板、右侧板拼接形成。
如图13所示,推拉箱体41具有以上集成化的特点时,该推拉箱体41具有的另一个特点是滑动式安装,即该推拉箱体41的底部设有滑动组件411,通过滑动组件411使整个推拉箱体41通过滑动安装的方式输送至储能柜体44内。该滑动组件411能够使推拉箱体41在储能柜体44内快速可靠移动,便于整个温控系统的安装和拆卸,提高了整个温控系统安装效率的同时,还提高了其安装的可靠性。
以上滑动组件411可为导轨滑块结构,也可为滑动滚轮结构,还可为滑动轴承结构,其只要能够使推拉箱体41在储能柜体44内滑动移动即可。考虑到安装便捷性、低成本以及滑动可靠性,首选为滑动滚轮结构,滑动滚轮结构包括滑动滚轮以及滑动轨道,滑动滚轮在滑动轨道内滑动,使推拉箱体41在储能柜体44上滑动移动。上述滑动滚轮、滑动轨道可分别设置在推拉箱体41和储能柜体44上,对其安装没有限制,可将滑动滚轮安装在推拉箱体41上,滑动轨道安装在储能柜体44内的横梁上;或者也可将滑动滚轮安装在储能柜体44内的横梁上,滑动轨道安装在推拉箱体41的底部。
在本实施例中,优选将滑动轨道安装在储能柜体44上,滑动滚轮设置在推拉箱体41上,该种设置使得推拉箱体41的结构比较简单。为保证滑动的可靠性,上述滑动滚轮为多个,其中,滑动滚轮两两一组均布在推拉箱体41的底部。为进一步保证安装时的可靠性,还可在滑动轨道的末端设置限位板,便于安装时操作力度过大,推拉箱体41脱出滑动轨道。此外,还可在滑动轨道的前端设置锁紧部,锁紧部对推拉箱体41安装到位后的位置进行锁定, 使得推拉箱体41稳定可靠的安装至储能柜体44上,该锁紧部具体可采用插销等结构。
本实施例中,将温控装置42集成在上述推拉箱体41内,使得整个温控装置42实现模块化安装,无需占用储能柜体44内较大的安装空间,以下对温控装置42的具体设置和原理进行详细描述。
如图13至图15所示,本实施例中,温控装置42主要包括温控机4201、主循环泵4202和第一控制阀4203;其中,温控机4201是具有加热和冷却功能的设备,用于对温控管43内的介质进行增温或降温,该温控机4201的进口设有用于与温控管43出口连接的第一管路4204,温控机4201的出口设有用于与温控管43进口连接的第二管路4205;该第一控制阀4203用于控制温控管43内的介质是否流入温控机4201。具体来说,该第一控制阀4203可设置在第一管路4204或第二管路4205上,或者在第一管路4204或第二管路4205上均设置第一控制阀4203;主循环泵4202设置在第一管路4204或第二管路4205上,用于对温控管43内的介质的流动提供动力。
在一些实施方式中,为在短时间内尽快实现对分布在储能柜体各个区域内电池45的温度控制,可将该温控装置42与多路温控管43配合使用,以提高整个温控系统的效率。此时,可在第一管路4204的进口处设置第一分水器4206,第二管路4205的出口处设置第二分水器4207,具体连接时,第一分水器4206的主出接口与第一管路4204的进口连接,第二分水器4207的主进接口与第二管路4205的出口连接,上述第一分水器4206和第二分水器4207上具有多个温控接口4213,多个温控接口4213上分别引出多个支管路4212,此时,第一分水器4206的温控接口4213通过多个支管路4212与多路温控管43的出口连接,第二分水器4207的温控接口4213通过多个支管路4212与多路温控管43的进口连接,形成多个循环回路,此时,多个循环回路可同时与储能柜体44内位于不同区域的电池45进行热交换,能够快速有效的实现对电池45的温度控制。
如图15所示,在其它实施例中,上述第一分水器4206和第二分水器4207上还具有与热失控烟气处理装置或消防管路连接的热失控接口4214,该热失控接口4214与热失控烟气处理装置中的冷却进口以及冷却出口连接,通过液体对热失控烟气进行冷却,或者直接与储能柜体中的消防管路连接,在储能柜体内的电池热失控时,消防管路内的液体对电池进行喷淋灭火。该热失控烟气排放装置具体可为对热失控烟气进行冷凝处理的冷却装置,或是对热失控烟气进行吸附处理的吸附装置或或是对热失控烟气进行直接点燃点火装置,亦或者是以上三种方式的两两组合,或三种组合。当电池45正常工作时,温控系统对电池45正常工作时产生的热量进行处理,当电池45发生热失控时,温控系统对热失控烟气进行冷却处理,或者对电池进行灭火喷淋,该种方式提升了储能柜体44内电池45工作和热失控时的安全可靠性。
如图15所示,在一些实施方式中,还可在第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207与热失控烟气处理装置、多路温控管43之间的支管路4212上分别设有辅循环泵4210,该辅循环泵4210可通过BMS控制,可分别对不同温控管43中的介质进行循环,以实现多路温控管43的多样化控制。在实际使用过程中,根据需求对相应的温控管43中的介质进行循环,进而与电池45实现热交换,减少温控能耗。
本实施例中,第一控制阀4203具体可采用不同控制方式或结构的阀门,只要能够控制介质的通断即可,例如,具体可采用气动阀、电动阀、液动阀等,为方便控制,优选采用电动阀,电动阀便于控制,且操作方便,也便于现场的安装。为进一步实现整个温控系统的集成化控制,如图13所示,可将第一控制阀4203的控制开关4215配置在操作面板412上,该操作面板412为推拉箱体41与滑动方向垂直的侧板,即推拉箱体41的前侧板,该前侧板靠近储能柜体可开启的活动设置。类似的,也可将上述第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207 设置于该操作面板靠近温控机的一侧表面(即操作面板内表面),第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207上多个温控接口4213、热失控接口4214对应的控制开关4208均配置在操作面板412外表面,上述方式不仅可以提高整个温控系统的操作便捷性,还便于整个温控系统模块化设计。
此外,为进一步提高安装的便捷性,还可将第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的支管路4212与多路温控管43、热失控烟气处理装置的连接接头4209集成在推拉箱体41的侧壁上,该种设置不仅使得温控管43与温控装置42的安装和拆卸更加方便,同时还避免了在电池仓内设置接头,温控管43内介质泄露对电池45产生的影响。
为保证以上温控系统在初始运行时或长期运行期间,均能够实现对电池45的温控控制,第一分水器4206的主进接口、第二分水器4207的主出接口上还设置有补水接头,补水接头能够对温控系统进行初始充液以及运行期间的补液、换液、排液等,操作便捷,系统集成度高。同时,补水接头为插拔自锁接头4211,避免了补液、换液时的泄漏,提高温控系统的安全性。此外,也可将插拔自锁接头4211配置在操作面板412上,同样可以提高操作便捷性,还便于整个温控系统模块化设计。
如图16所示,在以上详细结构的基础上,对温控装置的工作过程及原理进行描述。
以两路温控管43为例,对应的,第一分水器4206具有两个温控接口4213(B1、C1)、一个热失控接口4214(F1),第二分水器4207具有两个温控接口4213(B2、C2),一个热失控接口4214(F2),第一分水器4206的温控接口4213(B1)、第二分水器4207的温控接口4213(B2)、一路温控管43形成温控回路,即B支路;第一分水器4206的温控接口4213(C1)、第二分水器4207的温控接口4213(C2)、一路温控管43配合形成温控回路,即C支路;第一分水器4206的热失控接口4214(F1)、第二分水器4207的热失控接口4214(F2)与热失控烟气处理装置形成热失控支路,即F支路。
温控装置安装完成后,需要对整个温控系统以及温控管43进行充水,通过控制各个循环管路上的阀及泵,实现管路的循环及补水,具体过程如下;
首先,关闭第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207中各温控接口4213、热失控接口4214的控制开关4208,将插拔自锁接头4211分别与外部储液装置连接,打开第一控制阀4203,主循环泵4202开启,对温控机4201、第一管路4204和第二管路4205进行补水;主管路内注满水后,关闭第一控制阀4203和主循环泵4202;
开启B1支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208,同时启动B1支路的辅循环泵4210,对B1支路进行充液操作,充液完成后,关闭B1支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208、辅循环泵4210;
开启B2支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208,同时启动B2支路的辅循环泵4210,对B2支路进行充液操作;充液完成后,关闭B2支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208、辅循环泵4210;
开启F支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208,同时启动F支路的辅循环泵4210,对F支路进行充液操作;充液完成后,关闭F支路中第一分水器4206、第二分水器4207的控制开关4208、辅循环泵4210;
待所有管路内充满水后,断开插拔自锁接头4211,该自锁接头211断开后,即可关闭第一分水器的主进接口、第二分水器的主出接口;随后保持第一控制阀4203和各支路为畅通状态,这时各管路已构成一个封闭的循环管路。各温控管43以及热失控支路的运行原理如下:对电池45进行温控时,只需BMS自动控制主循环泵4202及B1支路、B2支路辅循环泵4210,实现各循环支路中介质循环,即可对电池45进行液冷温控循环。若储能柜体44中的任一电池发生失控,BMS自动检测状态并循环F回路,开启F支路的辅循环泵4210,即可完 成热失控烟气处理装置的液冷循环;或者,储能柜体中的消防管路连接对电池进行灭火喷淋。
实施例10
如图17至图19所示,本实施例提供的温控系统包括传热组件53和散热组件54。传热组件53将电池热量由箱体52内传递至箱体52外;散热组件54设置在箱体52外,对传热组件53传递的电池热量进行处理,该温控系统尽可能利用外部环境进行被动温控,使得电池温控的能耗大幅降低,同时也避免了电池热量在箱体52内集中,对箱体52内的电池51产生损害。此外,除部分传热组件53设置在箱体52内,其余部件均设置在箱体52外,因此具有不占用箱体52内部的空间的特点。为适用于不同的使用环境,同时为增加电池51的使用寿命,该箱体52为密封式箱体。密封式箱体不仅能够提高箱体的防护等级,避免外部灰尘、水汽进入箱体52而对箱体52内的电池51产生影响,更重要的是密封后箱体内相对处于隔离外部环境的状态,箱体内的温度受外部环境温度的影响较小。
如图19至图22所示,本实施例中散热组件54可为不同结构形式的装置,只要能够将传热组件53传递的热量与外部环境或外部设备进行交换即可,该散热组件54具体设置在传热组件53位于箱体52外的部分。具体的,该散热组件54可为散热翅片542,该散热翅片542设置在传热组件53的末端,将传热组件53传递的热量通过散热翅片542的散热面散出。或者,该散热组件54可为排风扇522,通过排风扇对传热组件53位于箱体52外的部分与环境气流进行热交换,使得热量被环境中的气流快速带走。该散热组件54也可为散热翅片542与排风扇522的组合,该散热翅片542设置在传热组件53的末端,通过排风扇进一步对散热翅片542进行热交换。或者,该散热组件54还可为液冷板或液冷管,传热组件53插入液冷板或液冷管中或与液冷板液冷管充分接触,液冷板和液冷管与外部环境进行换热。由于上述散热组件54设置在箱体52外,此种设置使得散热组件54能够与外部环境进行热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而节约了能源。
如图22所示,在实施例的优选结构中,散热组件54包括液冷装置541和散热翅片542,且散热翅片542和液冷装置541设置在传热组件53位于箱体52外的部分。液冷装置541包括液冷板或液冷管,散热翅片542设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且与液冷板或液冷管一体设置。散热组件54可通过主动和被动两种方式实现电池热量的处理,被动温控时,电池的热量通过传热组件53首先传递至液冷板或液冷管,通过设置在液冷装置541外侧的散热翅片542将其散出。若电池的温度超过设定阈值,需要主动温控,则将液冷装置541中的冷却液进行循环,通过冷却液带走电池传递的热量。多个散热翅片沿传热方向延伸,且沿传热方向的垂直方向依次排布,传热方向为传热组件由箱体内延伸至箱体外的方向。
如图19所示,为使得电池热量实现定向传递,同时提高散热组件54的散热效率,也为了增加散热组件54的使用寿命,可在箱体52的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道521,散热组件54设置在散热通道521内,同时,在散热组件54内设置若干个排风扇522,排风扇522用于将散热组件54的热量通过气流带走。
如图23所示,在其它实施例中,可通过压缩制冷器或TEC制冷器543对传热组件53传递的热量进行散发,同样的,也可在箱体52的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道521,散热组件54设置在散热通道521内,通过散热通过实现热量的定向处理。
由于电池的温度主要集中于极柱511上,本实施例将传热热管55设置在电池51的极柱511上,该传热热管55为有芯热管,当电池51的极柱511温度过高时,传热热管55将极柱511的热量及时导出,并与传热组件53实现热交换,随后将其传递至箱体52外侧,在箱体52外侧实现该热量的散发。具体的,本实施例在极柱511上设置通槽512,以在通槽512内放置传热热管55,使极柱511的温度能够得到有效控制,该种结构实用性强、易操作,能够使 电池的热量均衡,散热效果好,成本低。为使得传热热管更好的与极柱511进行配合,使得二者热交换效率更好,可对极柱511进行以下进一步限定:极柱511的通槽512的断面呈C字形或U字形,通槽512断面呈C字形时,其开口宽度小于通槽512的最宽处,这样的设计有利于传热热管55过盈卡接在通槽512内,C字形通槽512其两端形成的弧度具有自然张力,有利于将传热热管55紧密卡接在通槽512。通槽512断面呈U字形时,其开口宽度与通槽512的最宽处较为接近,便于放置传热热管55,且能够提供足够的操作空间使专用工装将传热热管55整平或将传热热管55与通槽512贴合的更加紧密。可将通槽512的深度小于传热热管55的直径设置,以使传热热管55略突出于极柱511的表面,有利于将传热热管55整平使其与通槽512紧密接触。此外,还可在通槽512表面设置有绝缘层,可以涂覆绝缘材料或者贴硅胶层、橡胶层等,也可以在传热热管55上设置绝缘层,以使金属材质的传热热管55与极柱511绝缘安装。
如图19和图24所示,本实施例中传热组件53可采用不同结构或材料制作的构件。例如,可采用重力型热管、导热铝板、导热铜板、导热陶瓷板、水冷板、水冷管等,只要其能够将箱体内电池产生的热量直接或者间接通过传热热管55传递至箱体52外侧即可。优选的,上述传热组件53为重力型热管,该重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体内,与传热热管55进行热交换,冷凝段设置在箱体52外,散热组件54设置在重力型热管的冷凝段。传热热管中的烧结铜粉具有很强的毛细作用,所以传热热管55的放置方向可横向、垂直和倾斜,均不影响传热热管55的传热。如果单独使用传热热管55传热,当外界温度过高时,外界的高温可以通过传热热管55传至电池51,使电池51内部的热量增加。而重力型热管是一种特殊的热管,其热量的传递具有定向性,即从蒸发段传递至冷凝端,因此,采用重力型热管实现热量的定向传递,重力型热管的介质是通过重力作用来进行传热的,垂直使用时,外界热量传不到电池51内部。因此,传热热管55和重力型热管配合使用,既可以达到既能降温,又可以达到阻止外部的热量传至电池51内部的效果,进而影响箱体52内的电池。
此外,电池的温度过低时,还可在重力型热管的蒸发段上设置加热装置,该加热装置可对重力型热管进行加热,从而将热量传递至电池,使得电池的温度在最佳范围内,上述加热装置可为TEC半导体制冷器、加热丝、加热片、液体循环管路中的一种。
如图24至图26所示,本实施例中传热热管55与重力型热管通过绝缘换热件56实现交换,绝缘换热件56可为不同结构形式的组件,只要能够实现传热热管55与重力型热管之间绝缘且热量交换即可(以下绝缘换热件56的具体限定和安装也适用于实施例11和实施例12)。该绝缘换热件56优选为绝缘换热板或导热绝缘垫,绝缘换热板可为导热陶瓷板562,导热绝缘垫可为导热硅胶垫。在安装时,绝缘换热板或导热绝缘垫的两侧还设置有第一压板561和第二压板563,传热热管55设置在第一压板561上,重力型热管设置在第二压板563和绝缘换热板之间。优选的,上述导热陶瓷板562为氧化铝陶瓷板、氮化硅陶瓷板、氧化锆陶瓷板、碳化硅陶瓷板、氧化镁陶瓷板、氮化硼陶瓷板、氮化铝陶瓷板、氧化铍陶瓷板中的一种。本实施例采用导热陶瓷板562或导热绝缘垫实现传热,该导热陶瓷板562或导热绝缘垫在具有优良的热传导效率时,还同时具备良好的绝缘性能,使得绝缘换热件56在具有良好热传导性能和绝缘性能的同时,还具有结构简单,体积和质量较小的优点。
为了更进一步增加绝缘换热板的换热性能,以及使得其拆卸和安装方便,还可在第一压板561上设置有凹槽,传热热管55设置在该凹槽内。上述凹槽的形状可为多种,优选的,上述凹槽为半圆形凹槽或弓形凹槽,传热热管55在凹槽内被挤压和变形,使得传热热管55靠近导热陶瓷板562的一面被挤压为平面,使得其与绝缘换热板紧密接触,实现良好的热交换和稳固的安装,上述第一压板561、第二压板563具体可采用绝缘材料制作,例如塑料压板、pp压板、pe压板、尼龙压板、PC压板、陶瓷压板、树脂压板等。
实施例11
如图17、图18、图24、图26、图27和图28所示,本实施例提供的储能系统包括箱体52、温控系统和电池51,电池51设置在箱体52内;温控系统包括传热组件53、散热组件54和传热热管55;电池51的极柱511上设置有通槽512,传热热管55的一段设置在极柱511的通槽512内,另一段与传热组件53连接,极柱511与传热组件53之间绝缘。传热热管55将电池热量传递至传热组件53,传热组件53将电池热量从箱体52内传递至箱体52外,散热组件54设置在箱体52外,将传热组件53传递的电池热量进行处理。
由于电池51的温度主要集中于极柱511上,本实施例将传热热管55设置在电池51的极柱511的通槽内,与电池极柱紧密接触,当电池51的极柱511温度过高时,传热热管55将极柱511的热量及时导出,并与传热组件53实现热交换,随后将其传递至箱体52外侧,在箱体52外侧实现热量散出。该种方式可有效对电池温度最高处的热量进行及时处理,避免电池热量集中,进而避免因电池局部温度过高导致的温度不均衡而对电池产生的损害,从而能够使电池的热量达到均衡,散热效果好。同时,该种温控方式尽可能利用外部环境的热量,使得电池温控的能耗大幅降低,同时也避免了电池热量在箱体52内集中,对箱体52内的电池51产生损害。此外,该电池中除传热热管55和部分传热组件53设置在电池51内,其余部件均设置在箱体52外,因此具有结构简单,成本较低,不占用箱体52内部的空间的特点。此外,本实施例箱体52优选为密封式箱体,密封式不仅能够提高箱体的防护等级,避免外部灰尘、水汽进入箱体内,对箱体内的电池产生影响,更重要的是密封后箱体内相对处于隔离外部环境的状态,箱体内部温度比较一致,可以实现热均衡,避免电池某一处热量集中。
如图27至图32所示,由于电池51的温度主要集中于极柱511上,本实施例在极柱511上设置通槽512,以在通槽512内放置传热热管55,使极柱511的温度能够得到有效控制,进一步在极柱511的第一端面5112上设置电连接区,使其能够通过该电连接区上安装极板以实现多个单体电池51的串联或并联。该种结构实用性强、易操作,能够使电池的热量均衡,散热效果好,成本低。为使得传热热管更好的与极柱511进行配合,使得二者热交换效率更好,可对极柱511进行以下进一步限定(以下内容也可适用于实施例12):
本实施例中的极柱511为柱状体,柱状体包括第一端面5112、第二端面5113和侧壁5111,第一端面5112或侧壁5111上至少设置有一个通槽512,以安装传热热管55,即通槽512的开口位于第一端面5112或侧壁5111上。第一端面5112设置有电连接区,第二端面5113用于设置导电连接部,以与电池壳体内的电极组件电连接。N个电池51极柱511的通槽512依次连通,传热热管55设置在连通后的通槽512内。
如图31和图32所示,极柱511的高度为h1,通槽512最低处至第二端面5113的距离为h2,通槽512最宽处为h3,通槽512深度为h4。优先的,通槽512的断面呈C字形或U字形,通槽512断面呈C字形时,其开口宽度小于通槽512的最宽处h3,这样的设计有利于传热热管55过盈卡接在通槽512内,C字形通槽其两端形成的弧度具有自然张力,有利于将传热热管55紧密卡接在通槽512。通槽512断面呈U字形时,其开口宽度与通槽512的最宽处h3较为接近,便于放置传热热管55,且能够提供足够的操作空间使专用工装将传热热管55整平或将传热热管55与通槽512贴合的更加紧密。
如图29和图30所示,通槽512可置于极柱511的第一端面5112上,此时第一端面5112除通槽512开口处的空缺外全部作为电连接区,用以连接极板。如图31所示,通槽512可置于极柱511的侧壁5111上,此时第一端面5112全部作为电连接区,用以连接极板。当通槽512的开口位于侧壁5111时,可同时在极柱511相对两个侧壁5111设置两个通槽512,以增加传热热管55放置数量,提高极柱511的传热效率。若电连接区的面积过小,使得极柱511的载 流面积变小,会提升极柱511的温度,在一些实施方式中,为了增大电连接区的面积,将通槽512偏心设置。如图29所示,通槽512将第一端面5112分为第一区域5114和第二区域,第一区域5114为电连接区,第一区域5114面积占第一端面5112的面积比不低于50%。这样的设计可有效的使电连接区面积增大,提高载流面积。需要说明的是,第一端面5112的面积中包含了因通槽512开口而缺失的部分面积,即第一端面5112的面积等同于第二端面5113的面积。
如图29和图30所示,极柱511平行高度方向上的横切面可为圆形、矩形或跑道形,依据不同的电池型号选择不同形状的极柱,亦可为其它不同形状,本实施例中不再穷举。
如图31和图32所示,极柱511的第二端面5113靠近电极组件,为了更好的控制电池内部的温度,传热热管55的设置应尽量贴近第二端面5113。为适应大部分市面上常用的电池51,本实施例中极柱511的高度h1为20mm-25mm,通槽512的最低处与极柱511第二端面5113之间的距离h2为7-12mm,这样的设置能够使传热热管55尽量贴近电极组件进行传热,即这样的设置能够使传热传热热管55尽量贴近极柱511温度最高点以进行传热。使传热热管55直径稍小于通槽512的最宽处,有利于传热热管55放入通槽进行安装,有利于传热热管55挤压后与通槽512紧密贴合,因此,传热热管55的直径与通槽512最宽处h3的比为1:1.05~1:1.1。例如,传热热管55的直径为φ10,则其直径的尺寸为10mm,通槽512的最宽处h3则为10.5mm-11mm,使传热热管55置于极柱511的通槽512内,挤压后且紧密贴合通槽512,提高传热效率。
如图31所示,可将通槽512的深度h4小于传热热管55的直径设置,以使传热热管55略突出于极柱511的表面,有利于将传热热管55挤压整平使其与通槽512紧密接触。
此外,还可在通槽512表面设置有绝缘层,可以涂覆绝缘材料或者贴硅胶层、橡胶层等,也可以在传热热管55上设置绝缘层,以使金属材质的传热热管55与极柱511绝缘安装。
此外,上述电池为方壳电池时,通槽512的长度与盖板的宽度之比为0.7:1~0.9:1。通槽512的延伸方向与单体电池壳体盖板的宽度方向平行,有利于在多个单体电池51并联连接时,将一根传热热管55固定在一组极柱511上。因此,通槽512的长度与盖板的宽度比为0.7:1~0.9:1,有利于增加传传热热管与通槽512的接触面积,加强传热效果。
以下对电池中将传热热管设置在极柱511通槽后,对其各项性能参数进行了汇总分析:
如表1所示,结合图27、图28、图31和图32,标注h2的部分为通槽512最低处至第二端面5113的距离。在通槽512内放置传热热管55后,利用测温仪对电池51和极柱511的温度进行了测试,发现随着h2数值的改变,电池51的极柱511和电池壳体温度发生了相应的变化。当h2小于7mm时,极柱511与上盖组件装配完成后,安装传热热管55的空间不足不予考虑,而h2大于13mm时,极柱511的温度虽然与未使用本实施例的极柱511时相比所有下降,但电池51自身的温度不再持续降低。随着h2的数值增加,在7~12mm的区间内,极柱511的温度不高于34℃,电池壳体表面的温度也在36℃左右,整体温度控制相比未使用本实施例极柱511的市面常规极柱511的电池51而言,极柱511温度最少降低了19.2%,电池壳体表面温度最少降低了4.7%,有效降低了电池51整体的温度,显著降低了极柱511的温度,安全性能得到了较大提升。
表1不同尺寸通槽下电池极柱和电池壳体表面温度
如表2所示,通槽512的长度与单体电池壳体盖板的宽度之比对于电池51的极柱511温度有较大影响,当h2固定为7mm时,传热热管55与极柱511的贴合面积越大,传热和散热效果越好,但最长不可超过盖板的宽度。在测试了不同长度的通槽512在电池51以1C充放时极柱511的温度后,对比未使用本实施例极柱511的市面常规电池51的极柱511,可知极柱511表面温度最少降低了20.2%,本实施例中的极柱511温度显著降低,安全性能得到了较大提升。
表2不同尺寸通槽下电池极柱表面温度
如图29和图30所示,当第一端面5112被通槽512分为第一区域5114和第二区域后,第一区域5114在第一端面5112之间的占比越大,固定电池的极板的接触面积则越大,载流面积也就越大,载流效果越好,温升越小,优选占比不低于50%。
如图24和图26所示,传热组件53可采用不同结构或材料制作的构件。例如,可采用有芯传热热管、重力型热管、导热铝板、导热铜板、导热陶瓷板、水冷板、水冷管等,只要其能够将传热热管55的热量传递至箱体52外侧即可。优选的,上述传热组件53为重力型热管,重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体52内,且与传热热管55连接,重力型热管的冷凝段设置在箱体52外,且散热组件54设置在重力型热管的冷凝段。传热热管55中的烧结铜粉具有很强的毛细作用,所以传热热管55的放置方向可横向、垂直和倾斜,均不影响传热热管55的传热。如果单独使用传热热管55传热,当外界温度过高时,外界的高温可以通过传热热管55传至电池51,使电池51内部的热量增加。而重力型热管是一种特殊的传热热管,其热量的传递具有定向性,即热量只能从低端传递至另高端,即从蒸发段传递至冷凝端,因此,本实施例电池采用重力型热管实现热量的定向传递,重力型热管的介质是通过重力作用来进行传热的,垂直使用时,外界高温传不到电池51内部。因此,传热热管55和重力型热管配合使用,可以达到既能降温,又可以阻止外部的热量传至电池51内部的效果。具体安装时,将重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体52内,用于与传热热管55进行热交换,将重力型热管的冷凝端设置在箱体52外,用于与散热组件54进行热交换,该种热交换方式的热量传递具有方向性,此时外部的热量不会通过冷凝端传递至电池51内,即热量只能从箱体52内向箱体52外传递,而不能将热量从箱体52外向箱体52内传递,从而避免箱体52外部的热量通过传热组件53传递至箱体52内,进而影响箱体52内的电池。
由于上述电池极柱511为电池的电流引出端子,其为导电体,而将电池极柱511的热量依次通过传热热管55、传热组件53传导至散热组件54时,需注意极柱511与传热组件53之间的绝缘处理,该绝缘处理可在传热热管55与极柱511之间绝缘,也可在传热热管55与传热组件53之间绝缘,若在传热热管55与极柱511之间绝缘,具体可在通槽表面设置绝缘层或者在传热热管的表面设置绝缘层,该种绝缘方式结构简单,设置方便,只需设置绝缘涂层或包覆绝缘膜即可。
如图25所示,在其它实施例中,可实现传热热管55与传热组件53之间绝缘,具体可在电池中传热热管55与传热组件53之间设置绝缘换热件56,绝缘换热件56可为不同结构形式的组件,只要能够实现传热热管55与传热组件53的绝缘且热量交换即可。通过绝缘换热件56实现绝缘,该种绝缘方式绝缘可靠性较高,且还能实现传热热管与换热组件的快捷式安装,其中,绝缘换热件56的具体限定和安装可参见实施例10中的描述。
本实施例散热组件54可为不同结构形式的装置,只要能够将传热组件53传递的热量与外部环境或外部设备进行交换即可,该散热组件54具体设置在传热组件53位于箱体52外的结构上。具体的,该散热组件54可为散热翅片,该散热翅片设置在重力型热管的冷凝端; 或者,该散热组件54可为风扇,通过风扇对重力型热管进行对流,进而实现热交换;该散热组件54也可为散热翅片与风扇的组合,该散热翅片设置在重力型热管的冷凝端,通过风扇进一步对散热翅片进行热交换;或者,该散热组件54还可包括相变箱和设置在相变箱内的相变材料,重力型热管的冷凝端插入相变箱的相变材料内,通过相变材料实现热交换。或者,该散热组件54还可为水冷板,重力型热管的冷凝端插入水冷板中或与水冷板充分接触,水冷板与外部环境进行换热。由于上述散热组件54设置在箱体52外,此种设置使得散热组件54能够与外部环境进行热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而节约了能源。
实施例12
如图17至图24、图33所示,本实施例提供的储能系统包括箱体52、温控系统和多个电池51;多个电池51设置在箱体52内,每个电池51的极柱511上设置有通槽512;温控系统包括传热组件53、散热组件54和多个传热热管55,传热组件53包括重力型热管531;单个传热热管55的一段设置在至少一个电池的极柱通槽512内,另一段与重力型热管531进行热交换,将电池热量传递至重力型热管531;重力型热管531的蒸发段设置在箱体内,与至少一个传热热管55实现热交换,冷凝段设置在箱体52外,将电池51热量从箱体52内传递至箱体52外,散热组件54设置在箱体52外,将重力型热管531传递的电池热量进行处理。
由于电池51的温度高点在极柱511上,本实施例将传热热管55设置在电池51的极柱511上,该传热热管为有芯热管,单个传热热管55设置在多个电池的连通的通槽内,即单个传热热管55与多个电池极柱配合,或者,多个传热热管55对应设置在多个电池的通槽内,即多个传热热管55与多个电池的极柱配合。当电池51的极柱511温度过高时,传热热管55将极柱511的热量及时导出,并与重力型热管531实现热交换,随后将其传递至箱体52外侧,在箱体52外侧实现热量散出。该种温控方式尽可能利用外部环境的热量,使得电池温控的能耗大幅降低,同时也避免了电池热量在箱体52内集中对箱体52内的电池51产生损害。此外,该电池中除传热热管55和部分重力型热管531设置在电池51内,其余部件均设置在箱体52外,因此具有结构简单,成本较低,不占用箱体52内部的空间的特点。为适用不同的使用环境,同时为增加电池51的使用寿命,该箱体52为密封式箱体。密封式箱体不仅能够提高防护等级,避免外部灰尘、水汽进入箱体52内,对箱体52内的电池51产生影响,更重要的是密封后箱体内相对处于隔离外部环境的状态,受外界环境温度变化的影响较小。
如图19至图22所示,本实施例散热组件54可为不同结构形式的装置,只要能够将重力型热管531传递的热量与外部环境或外部设备进行交换即可,该散热组件54具体设置在重力型热管531位于箱体52外的部分。具体的,该散热组件54可为散热翅片542,该散热翅片542设置在重力型热管531的冷凝段,将重力型热管531传递的热量通过散热翅片542的散热面散出。或者,该散热组件54可为排风扇,通过排风扇对重力型热管531位于箱体52外的部分与环境气流进行热交换,使得热量被环境中的气流快速带走。该散热组件54也可为散热翅片542与排风扇的组合,散热翅片542设置在重力型热管531的末端,通过排风扇进一步对散热翅片542进行热交换。或者,该散热组件54还可为液冷装置,重力型热管531插入液冷装置中或充分与液冷装置接触。由于上述散热组件54设置在箱体52外,此种设置使得散热组件54能够与外部环境进行热交换,充分利用外部环境的温度,从而节约了能源。
如图22所示,在本实施例优选的方案中,散热组件54包括液冷装置541和多个散热翅片542,且散热翅片542和液冷装置541设置在重力型热管531位于箱体52外的部分。液冷装置541具体包括液冷板或液冷管,散热翅片542设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且与液冷板或液冷管一体设置。将液冷装置541和散热翅片542一体设置,使得散热组件可通过主动和被动两种方式实现电池热量的处理,被动温控时,电池的热量通过传热组件53首先传递至液冷板或液冷管,通过设置在液冷装置541外侧的散热翅片542将其散出。若电池 的温度超过设定阈值,需要主动温控,则将液冷装置541中的冷却液进行循环,通过冷却液带走电池传递的热量。通过液冷装置541和散热翅片542对电池进行组合式主动散热和被动散热,该种方式既能够保证电池的热量能够得到有效释放,同时温控成本较小,能够有效节约能源,避免了只采用主动冷源(液冷装置541)时浪费能源,还避免了只采用被动冷源(散热翅片542)时电池温度不能得到及时控制的缺陷。且多个散热翅片沿传热方向延伸,且沿传热方向的垂直方向依次排布,传热方向为传热组件53由箱体52内延伸至箱体52外的方向,该种设置使得散热翅片与外部环境进行充分热交换,使得换热效率有所提升。
此外,为使得电池传递的热量实现定向传递,同时提高散热组件54的散热效率,也为了增加散热组件54的使用寿命,可在箱体52的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道521,散热组件54设置在散热通道521内,同时,在散热组件54内设置若干个排风扇522,排风扇522用于将散热组件54的热量通过气流带走。电池在充放电过程中能够产生大量的热,为了能够把热量散掉,尽可能的利用环境温度,所以设置散热通道,另外加排风扇,这样即使在气温为40℃的高温情况下,也能够证电池的温度在50℃以下,为防止偶然温度过高的情况,设置液冷装置,防止外界温度过高或过低的情况下影响电池性能。电池温度控制,主要解决能耗的问题,采用空调等制冷设备,能耗很高,所以尽可能利用环境温度对电池的温度进行控制。本实施例方案在气温非极端情况下采用排风扇利用环境温度为电池降温,在极端情况下温度过高或者过低的时候,才启动冷暖机进行加热或制冷,这样能够最大化利用环境温度,减少了能耗。
如图23所示,在其他实施例中,可通过压缩制冷器或TEC制冷器543对传热组件53传递的热量进行散发。
如图24和图33所示,传热组件53可采用不同结构或材料制作的构件。例如,可采用重力型热管、导热铝板、导热铜板、导热陶瓷板、水冷板、水冷管等,只要其能够将传热热管55的热量传递至箱体52外侧即可。优选的,上述传热组件53为重力型热管531,该重力型热管531的蒸发段设置在箱体52内,与传热热管进行热交换,冷凝段设置在箱体52外,且散热组件54设置在重力型热管的冷凝段。传热热管55中的烧结铜粉具有很强的毛细作用,所以传热热管55的放置方向可横向、垂直和倾斜,均不影响传热热管55的传热。如果单独使用传热热管55传热,当外界温度过高时,外界的高温可以通过传热热管55传至电池51,使电池51内部的热量增加。而重力型热管是一种特殊的热管,其热量的传递具有定向性,即热量只能从一端传递至另一端,即从蒸发段传递至冷凝端,因此,电池采用重力型热管实现热量的定向传递,重力型热管的介质是通过重力作用来进行传热的,垂直使用时,外界高温传不到电池51内部。因此,传热热管55和重力型热管配合使用,可以达到既能降温,又可以阻止外部的热量传至电池51内部的效果。具体安装时,将重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体52内,用于与传热热管55进行热交换,将重力型热管的冷凝端设置在箱体52外,用于与散热组件54进行热交换,该种热交换方式的热量传递具有方向性,此时外部的热量不会通过冷凝端传递至电池51内,即热量只能从箱体52内向箱体52外传递,而不能将热量从箱体52外向箱体52内传递,从而避免箱体52外部的热量通过重力型热管531传递至箱体52内,进而影响箱体52内的电池。
此外,电池的温度过低时,还可在重力型热管的蒸发段上设置加热装置,该加热装置可对重力型热管进行加热,从而将热量传递至电池,使得电池的温度在最佳范围内,上述加热装置可为TEC半导体制冷器、加热丝、加热片、液体循环管路中的一种。
本实施例重力型热管内工作液体的体积为重力型热管内腔体积的30%~50%,使得与重力型热管连接的多个传热热管55均能够实现很好的热交换,从而避免靠近重力型热管冷凝段的传热热管55热交换效果较差。此外,本实施例重力型热管与散热组件54连接的部分可 以为直线状,即重力型热管不进行弯折,直接与散热组件54连接内,此时,重力型热管的传热效果最好,为方便安装,可也对重力型热管的冷凝段进行弯折,散热组件54设置在弯折的部分。
由于上述电池极柱511为电池的电流引出端子,其为导电体,而将电池极柱511的热量依次通过传热热管55、传热组件53传导至散热组件54时,需注意极柱511与传热组件53之间的绝缘处理,该绝缘处理可在传热热管55与极柱511之间绝缘,也可在传热热管55与传热组件53之间绝缘,若在传热热管55与极柱511之间绝缘,具体可在通槽表面设置有绝缘层或者在传热热管55的表面设置有绝缘层,该种绝缘方式结构简单,设置方便,只需设置绝缘涂层或包覆绝缘膜即可。
如图24、图33和图34所示,在其他实施例中,储能系统中传热热管55与重力型热管通过绝缘换热件56实现交换,绝缘换热件56可为不同结构形式的组件,只要能够实现传热热管55与重力型热管的绝缘且热量交换即可。其中,绝缘换热件56的具体限定和安装可参见实施例10中的描述。
为进一步增加电池的散热效果,温控系统还包括液冷温控组件,液冷温控组件设置在传热热管与重力型热管的换热处,也对传热热管传出的热量进行主动交换。电池包括多个电池,多个电池串联或并联,为使电池运行在较佳温度,就需要保证各电池温度的一致性。为保证各电池温度的一致性,现有技术一般采用并联式液冷管道进行冷却,但是并联管路的每个支路的流量并不一致,必须保持一致才能够均匀冷却,根据流量Q=SV(管路截面积x液体流速),必须在每个支路设置流量调节阀以及流量计来调节流量,才能使支路流量一致,这样使得单个电池的温控系统结构较为复杂且成本相对较高,如果需要更多的电池进行冷却,那么成本会更高。
基于此,如图35至图39所示,本实施例提供一种结构简单且成本较低的方案来解决多个极柱之间散热不均等的问题。将多个电池的传热热管55与并排设置的进液管571与回液管572进行换热,此时即可能够保持各层电池之间的换热量均匀,该种方式结构简单,不需要在每条管道设置流量计和节流阀调节流量。具体的,整个液冷温控组件采用单路循环管路或两路循环管路,单路循环管路或两路循环管路形成并排设置的进液管571与回液管572,将多个传热热管与同一组并排设置的进液管571与回液管572进行换热。该进液管571和回液管572可为同一循环管路的进液管571和回液管572,也可为不同循环管路的进液管571和回液管572。本实施例将进液管571和回液管572并排设置,此时,不同电池之间的传热热管与并排设置的进液管571与回液管572进行换热,多个电池之间的传热热管与进液管571和回液管572进行换热的换热量是相同的,即可保证不同电池的温度均一性。
该液冷温控组件包括单路循环管路或两路循环管路,若为单路循环管路,单路循环管路折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,也就是说,将单条单路循环管路沿其某一点折弯,折弯后的一部分为进液管,另一部分为回液管,此时进液管和回液管并排并列设置,并排设置的进液管和回液管与电池一侧的传热热管通过换热组件实现热交换。
若液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,两路循环管路分别设置在电池的两侧,并折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,分别与电池两侧的多个传热热管进行热交换;或者,两路循环管路折弯形成两路进液管和回液管,其中一路循环管路的进液管与另一路循环管路的回液管与电池一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换,一路循环管路的回液管与另一路循环管路的进液管与电池另一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
具体的,如图37所示,液冷温控组件包括单路循环管路,单路循环管路折弯形成并排设置的进液管571和回液管572,并排设置的进液管571和回液管572与多个电池一侧的传热 热管55实现热交换。
如图38所示,液冷温控组件包括分别设置在电池两侧的两路循环管路,即第一管路和第二管路,第一管路设置在电池的左侧,并折弯形成并排设置的进液管571和回液管572,分别与电池的左侧的多个传热热管55进行热交换,第二管路设置在电池的右侧,并折弯形成并排设置的进液管571和回液管572,分别与电池的右侧的多个传热热管55进行热交换。
如图39所示,该液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,分别为第一管路和第二管路,第一管路和第二管路在电池顶端折弯形成两路进液管和回液管,第一管路的进液管571和第二管路的回液管572设置在电池的左侧,分别与电池的左侧的多个传热热管55进行热交换,第一管路的回液管572和第二管路的进液管571设置在电池的右侧,分别与电池的右侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
此外,上述温控系统还包括冷暖机573,冷暖机573与循环管路连接,以使循环管路内的循环介质循环。其中,两条循环管路可以与一个冷暖机连接,即冷暖机具有两个进液口和两个出液口,或者,两条循环管路可以与两个冷暖机连接,两个冷暖机分别使两个循环管路内的循环介质循环。上述并排设置的进液管和回液管与多个电池的传热热管55进行换热,可使得多个电池的温度一致性较高。上述循环介质为液态介质。
如图36所示,以上液冷温控组件能够保证每层电池的温升基本一致,其原理如下:假设液体出口初始温度为t,经过第一个换热面吸收热量△Q,根据Q=CM(T2-T1),吸收热量△Q后,液体到达第二个换热面的温度升高△t,以此类推,共8个换热面,第8个换热面的吸收热量为8△t。每两个换热面与一个传热热管进行换热,即同一高度处的进液管571和回液管572与传热热管进行换热,第1个换热面和第8个换热面共吸收的热量为△Q+8△Q,第2个换热面和第7个换热面共吸收的热量为2△Q+7△Q,以此类推,到第4个换热面和第5个换热面共吸收的热量为4△Q+5△Q,上述换热面与传热热管均进行换热,与传热热管进行换热的进液管571和回液管572热热量和均为9△Q,然后该传热热管再与电池的极柱进行热交换,假设每个电池是相同的,工况一致的情况下,根据Q=CM(T2-T1),那么每层电池的温升基本一致,从而达到每层换热量均衡,即可保证不同电池的温度均一性。该换热装置是一种结构简单、成本低、散热效率高的装置。
如图27至图32所示,由于电池51的温度主要集中于极柱511上,本实施例在极柱511上设置通槽512,以在通槽512内放置传热热管55,使极柱511的温度能够得到有效控制,进一步在极柱511的第一端面5112上设置电连接区,使其能够通过该电连接区上安装极板以实现多个单体电池51的串联或并联。该种结构实用性强、易操作,能够使电池的热量均衡,散热效果好,成本低。为使得传热热管更好的与极柱511进行配合,使得二者热交换效率更好,可对极柱511进行以下相应的优化和限定,该优化和限定与实施例11中对极柱的限定箱体,具体可参见实施11中的描述。

Claims (51)

  1. 一种温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统用于对传递出的电池热量进行处理,或者将热量传递至电池进行升温处理,继而实现对电池的温度控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统包括温控管、冷暖机、散热器、循环泵和控制阀组件;所述温控管用于与箱体内的电池进行热量交换;所述冷暖机用于对温控管内的介质进行主动增温或主动降温,所述冷暖机的进液口与温控管的出口通过第一管路连接,冷暖机的排液口与温控管的进口通过第二管路连接;所述散热器并联在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内的介质进行被动降温;所述循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对介质的流动提供动力;所述控制阀组件用于控制冷暖机和散热器连通,实现介质的被动降温;或者,所述控制阀组件控制冷暖机和散热器断开,介质仅流入冷暖机内实现主动增温或主动降温。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述散热器的外侧还设置有风机,所述风机对流经散热器的介质进一步散热。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控管的进口和出口均设置在箱体外,在箱体外与第一管路和第二管路实现连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述控制阀组件包括三通电动阀,所述三通电动阀的第一端口与冷暖机的进液口连通,第二端口与第一管路或第二管路连通,第三端口与散热器的出口连通。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件均设置在箱体的同一侧壁上,或者,所述冷暖机、循环泵、散热器和控制阀组件设置在集成柜内,所述集成柜设置在箱体侧壁上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的温控系统,其特征在于,还包括电气控制箱,所述电气控制箱分别与冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件连接,用于控制冷暖机、循环泵和控制阀组件的工作状态。
  8. 根据权利要求2至5任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述箱体为密封式箱体,所述温控管、第一管路和第二管路为一根管路构成,所述箱体内的温控管为单路循环管路,单路循环管路设置在电池极柱上,与箱体内的多个电池进行热交换。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统包括安全装置、循环换热装置以及管路组件;所述安全装置包括冷却单元,所述冷却单元对电池产生的热失控烟气进行处理;所述循环换热装置包括温控管和温控单元;所述温控管用于与电池进行热交换;所述温控单元用于对温控管内的换热介质进行降温;所述温控单元的换热介质入口与温控管的出口通过第一管路连通,温控单元的换热介质出口与温控管的进口通过第二管路连通;所述管路组件包括第三管路;所述第三管路一端与冷却单元连通,另一端与第二管路连通,用于将循环换热装置中的换热介质注入冷却单元,对电池热失控烟气进行处理。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述管路组件还包括设置在第三管路上的截止阀,或者,所述管路组件还包括设置在第三管路与第二管路连接处的三通阀。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控单元包括循环泵和冷暖机,所述冷暖机用于对温控管内的换热介质进行主动增温或主动降温,所述冷暖机的进口与第一管路连通,冷暖机的出口与第二管路连通,所述循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管中换热介质的流动提供动力。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控单元还包括散热器和控制阀组件,所述散热器并联在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内的换热介质进行被 动降温;所述控制阀组件用于控制冷暖机和散热器连通,实现换热介质的被动降温;或者,所述控制阀组件控制冷暖机和散热器断开,换热介质仅流入冷暖机内实现主动增温或主动降温。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述循环换热装置还包括加热器,所述加热器对电池运行环境或电池进行加热。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控单元包括水冷机,所述循环换热装置还包括加热器,所述水冷机对温控管内的换热介质进行降温,所述加热器对电池运行环境或电池进行加热。
  15. 根据权利要求9至14任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述冷却单元包括N个依次串联的冷却罐,每个冷却罐内设置有换热介质通过的冷却通道和热失控烟气通过的烟气通道,同时,所述冷却罐上设置有与冷却通道连通的冷却进口和冷却出口,以及与烟气通道连通的烟气进口和烟气出口,第1个冷却罐的冷却进口与第三管路连通,第N个冷却罐的冷却出口与第二管路的出口或第一管路连通,N为大于等于1的整数。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述冷却罐内设置有螺旋状分布的烟气管,所述烟气管的内腔为烟气通道,所述烟气管外侧的冷却罐内腔为冷却通道,至少一个冷却罐的出口处设置有回流罐,所述回流罐的安装高度低于所对应冷却罐的烟气出口高度,用于收集热失控烟气冷凝后的液态介质。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述安全装置还包括吸附单元,所述吸附单元包括M个依次串联的吸附罐,所述吸附罐内设置有吸附介质,第1个吸附罐的进烟口与第N个冷却罐的烟气出口连通,电池热失控烟气通过冷却罐进行冷却处理后再通过吸附罐进行吸附处理,M为大于等于1的整数,第M个吸附罐的排烟口处还设置有气体收集单元或点火单元,用于收集或点燃吸附后残余的热失控烟气。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统包括温控装置、补液换液装置和循环泵;所述温控装置包括温控管和温控单元;所述温控管内的换热介质用于与电池进行热交换;所述温控单元与温控管连接,用于对温控管内的换热介质进行增温或降温;所述循环泵设置在温控管上,用于对温控管中换热介质的流动提供动力;所述补液换液装置包括排气阀、第一液管、第二液管、第一控制阀、第二控制阀和第三控制阀;所述排气阀设置在温控管上,用于补液换液时排出温控管中的空气;所述第一液管、第二液管均与温控管连通,所述第一控制阀设置在第一液管上,所述第二控制阀设置在第二液管上;所述第三控制阀设置在第一液管与第二液管之间的温控管上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述补液换液装置还包括与温控管连接的膨胀罐,所述膨胀罐用于补充温控装置中的换热介质以及平衡换热介质的压力,所述膨胀罐、第一液管、第二液管连接在循环泵进口侧的温控管上。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述补液换液装置还包括用于储存换热介质的储液罐,所述第一液管、第二液管均与储液罐连通。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的温控系统,其特征在于,还包括过滤器,所述过滤器对温控管中的换热介质进行过滤和清洗,所述补液换液装置还包括设置在温控管上的压力测量装置,所述压力测量装置位于循环泵出口侧的温控管上,用于实时监控温控管中换热介质的压力。
  22. 根据权利要求18至21任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控单元包括串联在温控管上的冷暖机,所述冷暖机用于对温控管内的换热介质进行主动增温或主动降温。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控单元还包括散热器和控制阀组件,所述散热器并联在温控管上,所述控制阀组件用于控制温控管内的换热介质是否进入散热器,所述散热器的外侧还设置有风机,所述风机对流经散热器的介质进一步散热。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统包括推拉箱体和温控装置;所述温控装置位于推拉箱体内,用于与温控管内的介质进行热交换;所述推拉箱体上设置有用于与储能柜体相配合的滑动组件,以使整个推拉箱体通过滑动安装的方式输送至储能柜体内。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控装置包括温控机和主循环泵;其中,温控机用于对温控管内的介质进行增温或降温,且温控机的进口设有用于与温控管出口连接的第一管路,温控机的出口设有用于与温控管进口连接的第二管路;所述第一管路和第二管路中的至少一个设置有第一控制阀,用于控制温控管与温控机之间介质的通断;所述主循环泵设置在第一管路或第二管路上,用于对温控管内介质的流动提供动力。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述第一控制阀的控制开关配置在操作面板上,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板。
  27. 根据权利要求25或26所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述第一管路的进口处设有第一分水器,所述第二管路的出口处设置有第二分水器,所述第一分水器和第二分水器上均具有多个与多路温控管连接的温控接口,第一分水器的控制开关、第二分水器的控制开关均配置在操作面板上,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板,所述推拉箱体的侧板上设有连接接头,用于实现第一分水器、第二分水器的支管路与多路温控管的连接。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述第一分水器和第二分水器上具有与热失控烟气处理装置连接的热失控接口,所述温控接口和多路温控管之间的支管路、热失控接口与热失控烟气处理装置之间的支管路上分别设有辅循环泵。
  29. 根据权利要求27所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述第一分水器的主进接口、第二分水器的主出接口上均设置有补水接头,用于给温控装置以及温控管补液换液,所述补水接头为配置在操作面板上的插拔自锁接头,所述操作面板为推拉箱体与滑动方向垂直的侧板。
  30. 根据权利要求27所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述滑动组件包括多个滑动滚轮,所述滑动滚轮两两一组均布在推拉箱体的底部。
  31. 根据权利要求1所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统包括传热组件和散热组件;所述传热组件将电池热量由箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件设置在箱体外,对传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述散热组件包括液冷装置和/或散热翅片,且液冷装置和/或散热翅片设置在传热组件位于箱体外的部分,对传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述液冷装置包括液冷板或液冷管,所述散热翅片设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且与液冷板或液冷管一体设置。
  34. 根据权利要求31至33任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内,所述散热通道内设置至少一个排风扇,所述排风扇用于将散热组件的热量通过环境气流带走。
  35. 根据权利要求31至33任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述箱体为密封式箱体。
  36. 根据权利要求31至33任一项所述的温控系统,其特征在于,还包括传热热管,所述传热热管设置在电池极柱上,用于将电池热量传递至传热组件。
  37. 根据权利要求31所述的温控系统,其特征在于,所述散热组件包括压缩制冷器或TEC制冷器,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内。
  38. 一种储能系统,其特征在于,包括箱体、至少一个电池和权利要求1至37任一项所述的温控系统。
  39. 一种储能系统,其特征在于,包括箱体、电池以及权利要求1所述的温控系统;所述电池设置在箱体内,且电池的极柱上设置有通槽;所述温控系统包括传热组件、散热组件和传热热管;所述传热热管的一段设置在电池的极柱通槽内,另一段与传热组件实现热交换,且极柱与传热组件之间绝缘;所述传热热管将电池热量传递至传热组件;所述传热组件将电池热量从箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件设置在箱体外,将传热组件传递的电池热量进行处理。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述通槽的深度小于传热热管的直径,所述传热热管直径与通槽最宽处的比为1:1.05~1:1.1。
  41. 根据权利要求39所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述电池的极柱包括侧壁、第一端面和第二端面,所述通槽设置在侧壁或第一端面上,所述通槽与所述第二端面之间的最小距离为7~12mm,所述通槽将第一端面分为第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域为电连接区,所述第一区域的面积与第一端面的面积比不低于50%。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述通槽的长度与电池的盖板宽度比为0.7:1~0.9:1,所述极柱的高度为20mm~25mm,所述通槽的断面呈C字形或U字形。
  43. 根据权利要求39至42任一项所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述箱体为密封式箱体,所述传热组件和传热热管通过绝缘换热件实现热交换,所述绝缘换热件为绝缘换热板或导热绝缘垫,所述绝缘换热板为导热陶瓷板,所述导热绝缘垫为导热硅胶垫。
  44. 一种储能系统,其特征在于,包括箱体、多个电池以及权利要求1所述的温控系统;多个电池设置在箱体内,且每个电池的极柱上均设置有通槽;所述温控系统包括重力型热管、散热组件和多个传热热管;单个传热热管的一段设置在至少一个电池的极柱通槽内,另一段与重力型热管实现热交换,且极柱与重力型热管之间绝缘;所述重力型热管的蒸发段设置在箱体内,与至少一个传热热管实现热交换,冷凝段设置在箱体外,将电池热量从箱体内传递至箱体外;所述散热组件包括散热翅片和/或液冷装置,且散热翅片和/或液冷装置设置在重力型热管的冷凝段,对重力型热管传递的电池热量进行处理。
  45. 根据权利要求44所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统还包括液冷温控组件;所述液冷温控组件包括单路循环管路,所述单路循环管路折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,并排设置的进液管和回液管与多个传热热管实现热交换;或者,所述液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,所述两路循环管路分别设置在电池的两侧,并折弯形成并排设置的进液管和回液管,分别与电池两侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
  46. 根据权利要求44所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述温控系统还包括液冷温控组件;所述液冷温控组件包括两路循环管路,所述两路循环管路折弯形成两路进液管和回液管,其中一路循环管路的进液管与另一路循环管路的回液管与电池一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换,一路循环管路的回液管与另一路循环管路的进液管与电池另一侧的多个传热热管进行热交换。
  47. 根据权利要求44所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述通槽的断面呈C字形或U字形,所述通槽的深度小于传热热管的直径,所述传热热管直径与通槽最宽处的比为1:1.05~1:1.1,所述电池的极柱包括侧壁、第一端面和第二端面,所述通槽设置在侧壁或第一端 面上,所述通槽的槽底与第二端面之间的最小距离为7~12mm,所述通槽设置在第一端面时,所述通槽将第一端面分为第一区域和第二区域,所述第一区域为电连接区,所述第一区域面积与第一端面的面积比不低于50%。
  48. 根据权利要求44至47任一项所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述液冷装置包括液冷板或液冷管,多个散热翅片一体设置在液冷板的侧壁或液冷管的外壁上,且多个散热翅片沿传热方向延伸,且沿传热方向的垂直方向依次排布,所述传热方向为重力型热管由箱体内延伸至箱体外的方向。
  49. 根据权利要求48所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述箱体的外侧设置有至少一个散热通道,所述散热通道内设置至少一个排风扇,所述散热组件设置在散热通道内,所述排风扇用于将散热组件的热量通过气流带走。
  50. 根据权利要求48所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述重力型热管、循环管路和传热热管通过换热组件实现热交换,所述换热组件包括依次设置的第一压板、绝缘换热件和第二压板,所述传热热管设置在第一压板的凹槽内,所述重力型热管、进液管和回液管设置在第二压板和绝缘换热板之间。
  51. 根据权利要求44所述的储能系统,其特征在于,所述箱体为密封式箱体,所述重力型热管内的工作液体的体积为重力型热管内腔体积的30%~50%。
PCT/CN2023/108768 2022-10-29 2023-07-22 一种温控系统及储能系统 WO2024087759A1 (zh)

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