WO2024087744A1 - 一种四综合振动试验系统 - Google Patents

一种四综合振动试验系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024087744A1
WO2024087744A1 PCT/CN2023/107701 CN2023107701W WO2024087744A1 WO 2024087744 A1 WO2024087744 A1 WO 2024087744A1 CN 2023107701 W CN2023107701 W CN 2023107701W WO 2024087744 A1 WO2024087744 A1 WO 2024087744A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
test
assembly
positioning
test bench
vibration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/107701
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶腾波
任恵岭
唐金龙
朱靖炎
徐常德
丁炎
曹振威
孙伟
Original Assignee
苏州东菱振动试验仪器有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州东菱振动试验仪器有限公司 filed Critical 苏州东菱振动试验仪器有限公司
Priority to KR1020257016867A priority Critical patent/KR20250095670A/ko
Publication of WO2024087744A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024087744A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of environmental simulation test equipment, and in particular to a four-integrated vibration test system.
  • the four-in-one vibration test system has been widely used, especially for equipment testing in aviation, aerospace and other industries with positive and negative pressure environments.
  • the four-in-one vibration test system can realize the testing of the vibration table under a variety of different combinations of vibration, temperature, humidity and low air pressure. In order to achieve different air pressure environments, it is necessary to change the air pressure in the test chamber through a vacuum pump or air compressor.
  • This solution is generally applicable to water-cooled vibration tables. Although there are many water-cooled four-in-one test systems on the market, the cost of water-cooled vibration tables is relatively high. The development of a lower-cost air-cooled vibration table is in line with market rules.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a four-integrated vibration test system to overcome the defect that the air-cooled vibration table in the prior art cannot work normally because the work surface is unbalanced due to the change of air pressure in the test box.
  • the present application provides a four-integrated vibration test system, including a vibration table body, a test box, a balance component and a positioning component.
  • the test box is arranged on the vibration table body, and a first mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the test box; a test bench component is arranged in the test box, and the test bench component can be movably connected to the vibration table body by passing through the first mounting hole downward; at least two balance components are arranged and arranged at intervals around the circumference of the test bench component, and the balance component includes an elastic member, which is connected between the test bench component and the test box, and the elastic member is suitable for applying a vertical elastic force to the test bench component when the air pressure in the test box changes, so that the test bench component is in a balanced state under the test pressure; at least two positioning components are arranged and arranged between the test bench component and the test box at intervals around the circumference of the test bench component, and the positioning component and the test bench component are detachably connected,
  • the test bench assembly includes a test bench surface and a transition head; the transition head includes a first A transition body is arranged axially of the mounting hole, and the transition body can be movably mounted in the first mounting hole.
  • the upper end of the transition body is connected to the test table surface, and the lower end of the transition body is connected to the vibration table body.
  • the transition head further comprises a supporting flange horizontally protruding from the upper portion of the transition body, a first end of the elastic member is connected to the supporting flange, and a second end of the elastic member is connected to the bottom wall of the test box.
  • the second end of the elastic member is connected to the bottom wall of the test box through an adjustment assembly;
  • the adjustment assembly includes an adjustment hole provided on the bottom wall of the test box and an adjustment rod threadedly connected to the adjustment hole, the upper end of the adjustment rod is connected to the second end of the elastic member, and after the lower end of the adjustment rod passes through the adjustment hole, it is adjustably locked to the adjustment hole through an adjustment nut.
  • the lower end of the adjustment hole is expanded outward to form an annular groove, a thrust bearing is sleeved on the adjustment rod, the thrust bearing is arranged in the annular groove, and the adjustment nut abuts against the thrust bearing.
  • the elastic member includes a tension spring;
  • the positioning assembly includes a positioning rod with an external thread, the bottom wall of the test box is provided with a positioning hole with an internal thread, the positioning rod is threadedly connected to the positioning hole, and the upper end of the positioning rod passes through the positioning hole, suitable for abutting and supporting the test bench assembly.
  • the elastic member includes a compression spring
  • the positioning assembly includes a positioning rod with an external thread
  • the bottom wall of the test box is provided with a first connecting hole with an internal thread
  • the lower part of the positioning rod is threadedly connected to the first connecting hole
  • the test bench assembly is provided with a second connecting hole with an internal thread, and the upper end of the positioning rod is threadedly connected to the second connecting hole.
  • test box and the test bench assembly are sealed and connected via a sealing assembly.
  • the sealing assembly includes a sealing cover, which is detachably arranged at the bottom of the test box, the first mounting hole is opened on the sealing cover, the balancing assembly is arranged between the sealing cover and the test bench assembly, and the positioning assembly is arranged between the sealing cover and the test bench assembly.
  • annular sealing ring is connected between the test bench assembly and the sealing cover, the lower edge of the sealing ring is connected to the sealing cover, and the upper edge of the sealing ring is connected to the test bench assembly, and the sealing ring isolates and seals the inner cavity of the test box from the outside.
  • the elastic member in the balancing component applies a vertical elastic force to the test bench component when the air pressure in the test box changes; by setting a positioning component, the positioning component can apply a force in the opposite direction of the elastic force to the test bench component, so that the test bench component is in a balanced state under normal pressure.
  • the test bench component Under the test pressure, the test bench component is in a balanced state by adjusting the elastic member, adjusting the positioning component, and recording the position of the test bench component under the test pressure. Since there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the test box under normal pressure, the positioning component provides a force in the opposite direction of the elastic force to keep the test bench component in a balanced position.
  • the test box reaches the test air pressure, and a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the test box.
  • the positioning component is removed. Since the positioning component is removed, the elastic force of the elastic member compensates for the force generated by the pressure difference on the test bench component, so that the test box is in a balanced state under the test air pressure, and the test bench is realized.
  • the normal test work of the four-integrated vibration system in a low or high pressure environment is realized.
  • the test bench component and the test chamber are sealed and connected, which facilitates accurate adjustment of the air pressure in the test chamber and provides the vibration table with test conditions of various combinations of vibration, temperature, humidity, and low or high pressure environments.
  • FIG1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a four-integrated vibration test system provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the test bench assembly in FIG1 ;
  • FIG3 shows an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG1 ;
  • FIG4 shows an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG3 ;
  • FIG5 shows an enlarged view of the structure at C in FIG3 ;
  • FIG6 shows a schematic structural diagram of an adjusting rod
  • FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure between the positioning assembly and the test bench assembly when the elastic member is a compression spring
  • FIG8 shows an enlarged view of the structure at D in FIG7 ;
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic structural diagram of the adjustment rod in FIG. 7 .
  • a four-integrated vibration test system comprises a vibration table body 1, a test box 2, a balance component 4 and a positioning component 5.
  • the test box 2 is arranged on the vibration table body 1, and a first mounting hole is arranged at the bottom of the test box 2;
  • a test bench component 3 is arranged in the test box 2, and the test bench component 3 can be movably connected to the vibration table body 1 downward through the first mounting hole;
  • at least two balance components 4 are provided, and are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the test bench component 3;
  • the balance component 4 comprises an elastic member 41, and the elastic member 41 is connected between the test bench component 3 and the test box 2, and the elastic member 41 is suitable for applying a vertical elastic force to the test bench component 3 when the air pressure in the test box 2 changes, so that the test bench component 3 is in a balanced state under the test pressure;
  • at least two positioning components 5 are provided, and are arranged between the test bench component 3 and the test box 2 at intervals around the circumference of the test bench component 3,
  • the elastic member 41 in the balancing component 4 applies a vertical elastic force to the test bench component 3 when the air pressure in the test box 2 changes; by setting the positioning component 5, the positioning component 5 can apply a force opposite to the elastic force to the test bench component 3, so that the test bench component 3 is in a balanced state under normal pressure.
  • the test bench component 3 is in a balanced state by adjusting the elastic member 41, adjusting the positioning component 5, and recording the position of the test bench component 3 under the test pressure. Because there is no pressure difference between the inside and outside of the test box 2 under normal pressure, and the positioning component 5 provides a force opposite to the elastic force, so that the test bench component 3 is kept in a balanced position.
  • the test box 2 reaches the test air pressure, which includes a low pressure state or a high pressure state different from normal pressure, and a pressure difference is generated inside and outside the test box 2.
  • the positioning component 5 is removed. Since the positioning component 5 is removed, the elastic force of the elastic member 41 compensates for the force generated by the pressure difference on the test bench component 3, so that the test box 2 is under the test air pressure and the test bench is still in a balanced state, thereby realizing the normal test operation of the four-in-one vibration system in a low pressure or high pressure environment.
  • the test pressure is an abnormal pressure state, including low pressure and high pressure.
  • the test pressure is low pressure
  • the pressure in the test chamber is lower than the external atmospheric pressure. Since the upper end surface of the test bench assembly is located inside the test chamber and the lower end surface of the test bench assembly is located outside the test chamber, when the test pressure is low pressure, the pressure on the lower end surface of the test bench assembly is greater than the pressure on the upper end surface of the test bench assembly.
  • the test pressure is high pressure, the pressure in the test chamber is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. That is, the pressure on the lower end surface of the test bench assembly is less than the pressure on the upper end surface of the test bench assembly.
  • the four-in-one vibration test system further includes a vibration table bracket 8, and the vibration table body 1 is mounted on the vibration table bracket 8.
  • a support frame assembly 7 is connected above the vibration table body 1, and specifically, the test box 2 is connected to the support frame assembly 7.
  • the vibration table body 1 includes a dynamic coil assembly 20, and the test table assembly 3 is connected to the vibration table body 1, and specifically, the test table assembly 3 is connected to the dynamic coil assembly 20.
  • the test bench assembly 3 includes a test bench surface 31 and a transition head 32;
  • the transition head 32 includes a transition body 321 arranged along the axial direction of the first mounting hole and a supporting flange 322 horizontally protruding from the upper part of the transition body 321, the transition body 321 can be movably inserted into the first mounting hole, the upper end of the transition body 321 is connected to the test bench surface 31, and the lower end of the transition body 321 is connected to the vibration table body 1.
  • the first mounting hole is a circular hole
  • the structure of the transition head 32 is adapted to the first mounting hole, which is manifested as the transition body 321 being a cylindrical structure with one end open, the upper end surface of the transition body 321 being sealed and arranged on the inner side of the test box 2, being the action surface of the test pressure, and the lower end surface of the transition body 321 being arranged on the outer side of the test box 2, being the action surface of the external atmospheric pressure.
  • the supporting flange 322 is an annular flange arranged around the outer circumference of the transition body 321.
  • the supporting protrusion 322 is disposed at the upper end of the transition body 321 , and the upper end surface of the supporting protrusion 322 is flush with the upper end surface of the transition body 321 .
  • the test table 31 is connected to the upper end surface of the transition body 321.
  • the test table 31 and the support flange 322 are both located in the inner cavity of the test box 2.
  • the outer diameter of the support flange 322 is larger than the inner diameter of the first mounting hole. Therefore, the support flange 322 is located in the inner cavity of the test box 2 and can cover the first mounting hole.
  • the lower end of the transition body 321 passes through the first mounting hole and is connected to the vibration table body 1.
  • the lower end of the transition body 321 is connected to the above-mentioned support frame assembly 7.
  • the diameter of the transition body 321 is smaller than the first mounting hole, and a movable gap is left between the transition body 321 and the inner wall of the first mounting hole.
  • the vibration of the vibration table body 1 is transmitted to the test table 31 through the support assembly and the transition head 32.
  • the balancing assembly 4 and the positioning assembly 5 are both arranged around the circumference of the test bench assembly 3 and spaced between the bottom wall of the test box 2 and the supporting protrusion 322 .
  • the first end of the elastic member 41 is connected to the supporting protrusion 322, and the second end of the elastic member 41 is connected to the bottom wall of the test box 2.
  • the elastic member 41 includes a spring, and in this embodiment, the spring is a tension spring 411, which is suitable for the working state where the inner cavity of the test box 2 is at low pressure.
  • the second end of the elastic member 41 is connected to the bottom wall of the test box 2 through an adjustment assembly 43;
  • the adjustment assembly 43 includes an adjustment hole 431 provided on the bottom wall of the test box 2 and an adjustment rod 432 threadedly connected to the adjustment hole 431, the upper end of the adjustment rod 432 is connected to the second end of the elastic member 41, and after the lower end of the adjustment rod 432 passes through the adjustment hole 431, it is adjustably locked to the adjustment hole 431 through an adjustment nut 434.
  • the lower end of the adjustment hole 431 is expanded outward to form an annular groove, a thrust bearing 433 is sleeved on the adjustment rod 432 , the thrust bearing 433 is arranged in the annular groove, and the adjustment nut 434 abuts against the thrust bearing 433 .
  • the adjustment nut 434 When the adjustment assembly 43 is operated, the adjustment nut 434 is rotated to move the adjustment rod 43 2. External force is applied, such as using a wrench to prevent the adjusting rod 432 from rotating. The adjusting nut 434 drives the adjusting rod 432 to move up and down through the thrust bearing 433, thereby driving the tension spring 411 to move in a vertical direction.
  • the lower end of the adjustment rod 432 is provided with a torque transmission joint 4321 capable of cooperating with a wrench.
  • the torque transmission joint 4321 is a prism.
  • the lower end of the tension spring 411 is connected to the upper end of the adjustment rod 432. Further, in order to facilitate the connection with the tension spring 411, referring to FIG. 6, the upper end of the adjustment rod 432 is provided with a pull ring 4322.
  • the upper end of the tension spring 411 is connected to the supporting protrusion 322 through a fixing assembly 42 .
  • the fixing assembly 42 includes a first fixing seat 422 and a first bolt 421.
  • the first fixing seat 422 and the supporting flange 322 are both provided with threaded connection holes, and the first fixing seat 422 and the supporting flange 322 are fixedly connected by the first bolt 421.
  • the hole wall of the threaded connection hole of the first fixing seat 422 extends to one side to form a connecting arm, and the connecting arm is provided with two axial holes arranged opposite to each other, and a fixing shaft 425 is passed through the axial hole.
  • the fixing shaft 425 is a bolt, and at least one of the two axial holes is a threaded hole. After the bolt passes through the two axial holes, it is locked and connected by a locking nut 424. The upper end of the tension spring 411 passes through the bolt located between the two axial holes.
  • an annular limiting groove is provided on the fixed shaft 425, and the upper end of the tension spring 411 is embedded in the limiting groove.
  • a fixing sleeve 423 is sleeved on the fixing shaft 425, and the limiting groove is arranged on the fixing sleeve 423. Furthermore, the fixing sleeve 423 is made of nylon material.
  • the elastic member 41 includes a tension spring 411; referring to FIG3, the positioning assembly 5 includes a positioning rod 51 with an external thread, the bottom wall of the test box 2 is provided with a positioning hole 52 with an internal thread, the positioning rod 51 is threadedly connected to the positioning hole 52, and the upper end of the positioning rod 51 passes through the positioning hole 52, suitable for abutting and supporting the test bench assembly 3.
  • the positioning rod 51 rotates, the height of the upper end of the positioning rod 51 extending out of the bottom wall of the test box 2 can be adjusted, that is, the distance between the test bench assembly 3 and the bottom wall of the test box 2 is adjusted, specifically, the distance between the lower end surface of the supporting protrusion 322 of the transition head 32 and the bottom wall of the test box 2.
  • the tension spring 411 is used to compensate for the pressure difference
  • a positioning assembly 5 is required to support the test table 31 through the positioning rod 51 therein, thereby preventing the test table 31 from moving downward due to the tension of the tension spring 411, thereby preventing damage to the test table 31 and the vibration table body 1.
  • test box 2 and the test bench assembly 3 are sealed and connected via a sealing assembly 6 .
  • the sealing assembly 6 includes a sealing cover 61, which is detachably disposed on the test At the bottom of the test box 2 , a first mounting hole is opened on the sealing cover 61 , the balancing assembly 4 is arranged between the sealing cover 61 and the test bench assembly 3 , and the positioning assembly 5 is arranged between the sealing cover 61 and the test bench assembly 3 .
  • annular sealing ring 62 is connected between the test bench assembly 3 and the sealing cover 61, the lower edge of the sealing ring 62 is connected to the sealing cover 61, and the upper edge of the sealing ring 62 is connected to the test bench assembly 3.
  • the sealing ring 62 isolates and seals the inner cavity of the test box 2 from the outside.
  • the test bench component 3 and the test box 2 are sealed and connected, which facilitates accurate adjustment of the air pressure in the test box 2 and provides the vibration table body 1 with test conditions of a variety of different combinations of vibration, temperature, humidity, and low or high pressure environments.
  • the sealing assembly 6 further includes an O-ring.
  • the adjusting rod 432 and the adjusting hole 431 are sealed and connected via an O-ring 63 sleeved on the adjusting rod 432 .
  • the upper part of the test box 2 is provided with a second mounting hole 9 for connecting an environmental device and a third mounting hole 10 for connecting an exhaust device or an inflating device.
  • the environmental device is used to adjust the temperature and humidity in the test box 2
  • the exhaust device or the inflating device is used to adjust the air pressure in the test box 2
  • the exhaust device is used to provide a low-pressure environment for the inner cavity of the test box 2
  • the inflating device is used to provide a high-pressure environment for the inner cavity of the test box 2.
  • the position of the lower surface of the transition head 32 is determined according to the position of the test table 31 when the dynamic coil of the vibration table body 1 is balanced, and the positioning rod 51 is adjusted to abut the supporting convex edge 322 of the transition head 32, and this height is marked as the equilibrium position.
  • the positioning rod 51 is responsible for supporting the transition head 32 under normal pressure to ensure that the transition head 32 will not move downward when the test piece is installed to prevent damage to the vibration table.
  • the air pressure in the test box 2 is reduced by the exhaust device connected to the third mounting hole. When the air pressure in the test box 2 is reduced, the transition head 32 moves up under the action of the external atmospheric pressure. At this time, the adjustment rod 432 is adjusted to change the length of the tension spring 411, and the transition head 32 is pulled to the equilibrium position.
  • the positioning rod 51 is removed, and the test table 31 is in the equilibrium position.
  • the temperature and humidity in the test box 2 are controlled by the environmental device connected to the second mounting hole 9, and the air pressure in the test box 2 is adjusted by the exhaust device connected to the third mounting hole 10. Vibration is provided through the vibration table body 1, thereby realizing the test conditions of the four comprehensive environments of low pressure, temperature, humidity and vibration.
  • the elastic member 41 is a compression spring 412
  • the positioning assembly 5 includes a positioning rod 51 with external threads
  • the bottom wall of the test box 2 is provided with a first connecting hole with internal threads
  • the lower part of the positioning rod 51 is threadedly connected to the first connecting hole
  • the test bench assembly 3 is provided with a second connecting hole with internal threads, and the upper end of the positioning rod 51 is threadedly connected to the second connecting hole.
  • the fixing assembly 42 includes a second fixing seat 435 and a second bolt 436.
  • the second fixing seat 435 and the supporting flange 322 are both provided with threaded connection holes, and the second fixing seat 435 and the supporting flange 322 are fixedly connected by the second bolt 436.
  • the second fixing seat 435 is provided with a first pressing surface, which abuts against one end of the compression spring 412 and is used to press the compression spring 412 downward.
  • the second fixing seat 435 is provided with an annular limiting groove, and the compression spring 412 is provided with a first pressing surface.
  • a first guide post is protruding from the first pressing surface, and the upper end of the compression spring 412 is sleeved on the first guide post and abuts against the first pressing surface.
  • the lower end of the adjusting rod 432 is provided with a thread and a torque transmission joint 4321, and its connection method and adjustment method are the same as those in Embodiment 1.
  • the upper end of the adjusting rod 432 has a second pressing surface, and a second limiting column is convexly provided on the second pressing surface.
  • the lower end of the compression spring 412 is sleeved on the second limiting column and abuts against the second pressing surface.
  • an annular limiting groove is provided on the second pressing surface, and the lower end of the compression spring 412 is embedded in the limiting groove.
  • the compression spring 412 can exert an upward force on the transition head 32 to compensate for the difference in force caused by the pressure difference, so that the transition head 32 is in a balanced state when the test box 2 is in a high pressure environment.
  • the transition head 32 is subjected to the upward elastic force of the compression spring 412, it is necessary to connect the transition head 32 through the positioning rod 51 to provide the transition head 32 with an equal amount of downward pulling force, so that the transition head 32 is also in a balanced state under normal pressure.
  • the operation process is substantially the same as that in Example 1, except that the inner cavity of the test box 2 is pressurized by the inflation device connected to the third mounting hole to provide a high-pressure environment.
  • the elastic member 41 in the balance component 4 applies a vertical elastic force to the test bench component 3 when the air pressure in the test box 2 changes, compensating for the force generated by the pressure difference on the test bench component 3, so that the test box 2 is in the test air pressure and the test bench is still in a balanced state, realizing the normal test work of the four-integrated vibration system in a low-pressure or high-pressure environment;
  • the test bench component 3 and the test box 2 are sealed and connected, which is convenient for accurately adjusting the air pressure in the test box 2 and providing the vibration table body 1 with test conditions of a variety of different combinations of vibration, temperature, humidity and low pressure environments.

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Abstract

一种四综合振动试验系统，涉及环境模拟试验设备技术领域。四综合振动试验系统包括振动台体(1)、试验箱(2)、平衡组件(4)和定位组件(5)。试验箱(2)内设有试验台组件(3)，平衡组件(4)至少设有两个且围绕试验台组件(3)的周向间隔设置，平衡组件(4)连接于试验台组件(3)和试验箱(2)之间，使试验台组件(3)在试验压力下处于平衡状态；定位组件(5)至少设有两个且围绕试验台组件(3)的周向间隔设于试验台组件(3)和试验箱(2)之间，定位组件(5)适于对试验台组件(3)施加与弹性力反向的作用力，以使试验台组件(3)在常压下处于平衡状态。能够解决现有技术中的风冷式振动台，在试验气压下工作台面失衡，振动台无法正常工作的问题，使四综合振动系统能够在低气压或高气压环境下正常试验工作。

Description

一种四综合振动试验系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2022年10月27日提交中国专利局、申请号为202211322144.X、发明名称为“一种四综合振动试验系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及环境模拟试验设备技术领域，具体涉及一种四综合振动试验系统。
背景技术
四综合振动试验系统目前已得到广泛的应用，尤其适用于航空、航天等运行过程中存在正、负压环境的设备试验。四综合振动试验系统可实现振动台在振动、温度、湿度以及低气压多种不同组合环境下的试验。为了实现不同的气压环境，需要通过真空泵或空压机改变试验箱内气压，这种方案普遍适用于水冷式振动台。虽然市面上已有多款水冷式四综合试验系统，但水冷振动台的成本较高，研发一种成本较低的风冷式振动台是适应市场规律的。
对于风冷式振动台，当冷却风机通过下抽风，上进气的方法进行冷却时，整个台体内部均为常压。因此当试验箱内的气压改变时，试验箱与振动台体的压差就会发生改变，进而影响动圈的平衡位置，导致振动台无法正常工作。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种四综合振动试验系统，以克服现有技术中的风冷式振动台由于试验箱内的气压改变导致工作台面失衡，振动台无法正常工作的缺陷。
为了解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种四综合振动试验系统，包括振动台体、试验箱、平衡组件和定位组件。其中，试验箱设于振动台体上，试验箱的底部设有第一安装孔；试验箱内设有试验台组件，试验台组件向下可活动地穿过第一安装孔与振动台体连接；平衡组件至少设有两个且围绕试验台组件的周向间隔设置，平衡组件包括弹性件，弹性件连接于试验台组件和试验箱之间，弹性件适于在试验箱内的气压改变时，对试验台组件施加垂直方向的弹性力，使试验台组件在试验压力下处于平衡状态；定位组件至少设有两个，且围绕试验台组件的周向间隔设于试验台组件和试验箱之间，定位组件和试验台组件可拆卸地连接，定位组件适于对试验台组件施加与弹性力反向的作用力，以使试验台组件在常压下处于平衡状态。
可选地，试验台组件包括试验台面和过渡头；过渡头包括沿第一 安装孔的轴向设置的过渡主体，过渡主体可活动地套装于第一安装孔内，过渡主体的上端连接试验台面，过渡主体的下端连接振动台体。
可选地，过渡头还包括水平凸设于过渡主体的上部的支撑凸沿，弹性件的第一端与支撑凸沿连接，弹性件的第二端与试验箱的底壁连接。
可选地，弹性件的第二端通过调节组件与试验箱的底壁连接；调节组件包括设于试验箱底壁上的调节孔以及与调节孔螺纹连接的调节杆，调节杆的上端与弹性件的第二端连接，调节杆的下端穿过调节孔后，通过调节螺母可调节地锁紧连接在调节孔上。
可选地，调节孔的下端外扩形成环形槽，调节杆上套装有推力轴承，推力轴承设于环形槽内，调节螺母与推力轴承抵接。
可选地，弹性件包括拉簧；定位组件包括带外螺纹的定位杆，试验箱的底壁设有带内螺纹的定位孔，定位杆与定位孔螺纹连接，定位杆的上端穿出定位孔，适于抵接并支撑试验台组件。
可选地，弹性件包括压簧，定位组件包括带有外螺纹的定位杆，试验箱的底壁设有带内螺纹的第一连接孔，定位杆的下部与第一连接孔螺纹连接；试验台组件设有带内螺纹的第二连接孔，定位杆的上端与第二连接孔螺纹连接。
可选地，试验箱和试验台组件之间通过密封组件密封连接。
可选地，密封组件包括密封盖，密封盖可拆卸地设于试验箱的底部，第一安装孔开设在密封盖上，平衡组件设于密封盖和试验台组件之间，定位组件设于密封盖和试验台组件之间。
可选地，试验台组件和密封盖之间连接有环形的密封圈，密封圈的下边沿与密封盖连接，密封圈的上边沿与试验台组件连接，密封圈将试验箱的内腔和外界隔绝密封。
本申请具有以下优点：
1.利用本申请的技术方案，通过设置平衡组件，由平衡组件中的弹性件在试验箱内的气压改变时，对试验台组件施加垂直方向的弹性力；通过设置定位组件，定位组件能够对试验台组件施加与弹性力反向的作用力，以使试验台组件在常压下处于平衡状态。在试验压力下，通过调节弹性件使试验台组件处于平衡状态，调节定位组件，记录试验压力下的试验台组件的位置。由于在常压下，试验箱内外无压差，通过定位组件提供与弹性力反向的力，使试验台组件保持在平衡位置。在试验时，试验箱内达到试验气压，试验箱内外产生压差，同时，撤去定位组件，由于撤掉了定位组件，弹性件的弹性力补偿了试验台组件受到的压差产生的力，从而使得试验箱在试验气压下，试验台仍处于平衡状态，实现了四综合振动系统在低气压或高气压环境下的正常试验工作。
2.通过设置密封组件，将试验台组件和试验箱密封连接，便于准确调节试验箱内的气压，为振动台体提供振动、温度、湿度以及低气压或高气压的多种不同组合环境的试验条件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的四综合振动试验系统的一种结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中的试验台组件的结构示意图；
图3示出了图1中A处的结构放大图；
图4示出了图3中B处的结构放大图；
图5示出了图3中C处的结构放大图；
图6示出了调节杆的一种结构示意图；
图7示出了弹性件为压簧时的定位组件与试验台组件之间的连接结构示意图；
图8示出了图7中D处的结构放大图；
图9示出了图7中调节杆的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、振动台体；2、试验箱；3、试验台组件；31、试验台面；32、过渡头；321、过渡主体；322、支撑凸沿；4、平衡组件；41、弹性件；411、拉簧；412、压簧；42、固定组件；421、第一螺栓；422、第一固定座；423、固定套；424、防松螺母；425、固定轴；43、调节组件；431、调节孔；432、调节杆；4321、传扭接头；4322、拉环；433、推力轴承；434、调节螺母；435、第二固定座；436、第二螺栓；5、定位组件；51、定位杆；52、定位孔；6、密封组件；61、密封盖；62、密封圈；63、O型圈；7、支撑架组件；8、振动台支架；9、第二安装孔；10、第三安装孔；20、动圈组件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定， 术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
为了便于介绍本申请的技术方案，以下结合附图以及具体的实施例来详细说明，但实施例不应看作是对本申请的限制。
实施例1
一种四综合振动试验系统，参照图1-图5，包括振动台体1、试验箱2、平衡组件4和定位组件5。其中，试验箱2设于振动台体1上，试验箱2的底部设有第一安装孔；试验箱2内设有试验台组件3，试验台组件3向下可活动地穿过第一安装孔与振动台体1连接；平衡组件4至少设有两个，且围绕试验台组件3的周向间隔设置；平衡组件4包括弹性件41，弹性件41连接于试验台组件3和试验箱2之间，弹性件41适于在试验箱2内的气压改变时，对试验台组件3施加垂直方向的弹性力，使试验台组件3在试验压力下处于平衡状态；定位组件5至少设有两个，且围绕试验台组件3的周向间隔设于试验台组件3和试验箱2之间，定位组件5和试验台组件3可拆卸地连接，定位组件5适于对试验台组件3施加与弹性力反向的作用力，以使试验台组件3在常压下处于平衡状态。
利用本申请的技术方案，通过设置平衡组件4，由平衡组件4中的弹性件41在试验箱2内的气压改变时，对试验台组件3施加垂直方向的弹性力；通过设置定位组件5，定位组件5能够对试验台组件3施加与弹性力反向的作用力，以使试验台组件3在常压下处于平衡状态。在试验压力下，通过调节弹性件41使试验台组件3处于平衡状态，调节定位组件5，记录试验压力下的试验台组件3的位置。由于在常压下，试验箱2内外无压差，并通过定位组件5提供与弹性力反向的力，使试验台组件3保持在平衡位置。在试验时，试验箱2内达到试验气压，试验气压包括区别于常压的低压状态或高压状态，试验箱2内外产生压差，同时，撤去定位组件5，由于撤掉了定位组件5，弹性件41的弹性力补偿了试验台组件3受到的压差产生的力，从而使得试验箱2在试验气压下，试验台仍处于平衡状态，实现了四综合振动系统在低气压或高气压环境下的正常试验工作。
需要说明的是，试验压力为非常压状态，包括低压和高压。试验压力为低压时，试验箱内的压力小于外界大气压。由于试验台组件的上端面位于试验箱内，试验台组件的下端面位于试验箱外，试验压力为低压时，试验台组件的下端面受到的压力大于试验台组件的上端面受到的压力。试验压力为高压时，试验箱的压力大于外界大气压，也 就是，试验台组件的下端面受到的压力小于试验台组件的上端面受到的压力。
具体地，参照图1，四综合振动试验系统还包括振动台支架8，振动台体1安装在振动台支架8上。在振动台体1的上方连接有支撑架组件7，具体地，试验箱2与支撑架组件7连接。振动台体1包括动圈组件20，试验台组件3与振动台体1连接，具体为，试验台组件3与动圈组件20连接。
可选地，参照图2，试验台组件3包括试验台面31和过渡头32；过渡头32包括沿第一安装孔的轴向设置的过渡主体321以及水平凸设于过渡主体321的上部的支撑凸沿322，过渡主体321可活动地套装于第一安装孔内，过渡主体321的上端连接试验台面31，过渡主体321的下端连接振动台体1。
具体地，第一安装孔为圆形孔，过渡头32的结构与第一安装孔适配，表现为，过渡主体321为一端开口的筒状结构，过渡主体321的上端面密封设于试验箱2的内侧，为试验压力的作用面，过渡主体321的下端面设于试验箱2的外侧，为外界大气压力的作用面。支撑凸沿322为围绕过渡主体321的外周设置的环形的凸沿。
具体地，本实施例中，支撑凸沿322设于过渡主体321的上端，支撑凸沿322的上端面和过渡主体321的上端面平齐。
试验台面31与过渡主体321的上端面连接。参照图1，试验台面31和支撑凸沿322均位于试验箱2的内腔中。具体地，支撑凸沿322的外圆直径大于第一安装孔的内径。因此，支撑凸沿322位于试验箱2的内腔中并可覆盖第一安装孔。过渡主体321的下端穿过第一安装孔后与振动台体1连接，具体为，过渡主体321的下端与上述的支撑架组件7连接。过渡主体321的直径小于第一安装孔，过渡主体321和第一安装孔的内壁之间留有活动间隙。振动台体1的振动通过支撑组件、过渡头32传递给试验台面31。
参照图3，平衡组件4和定位组件5均围绕试验台组件3的周向间隔设于试验箱2的底壁和支撑凸沿322之间。
可选地，弹性件41的第一端与支撑凸沿322连接，弹性件41的第二端与试验箱2的底壁连接。弹性件41包括弹簧，本实施例中，弹簧为拉簧411，适用于试验箱2的内腔为低气压的工作状态。
可选地，弹性件41的第二端通过调节组件43与试验箱2的底壁连接；参照图3和图4，调节组件43包括设于试验箱2底壁上的调节孔431以及与调节孔431螺纹连接的调节杆432，调节杆432的上端与弹性件41的第二端连接，调节杆432的下端穿过调节孔431后，通过调节螺母434可调节地锁紧连接在调节孔431上。
可选地，调节孔431的下端外扩形成环形槽，调节杆432上套装有推力轴承433，推力轴承433设于环形槽内，调节螺母434与推力轴承433抵接。
当操作调节组件43时，旋转调节螺母434时，通过向调节杆43 2施加外力，比如用扳手固定，防止调节杆432转动，调节螺母434借由推力轴承433带动调节杆432上下移动，从而带动拉簧411的在竖向上的伸缩移动。
作为一种具体的实施方式，参照图6，调节杆432的下端设有能够与扳手配合的传扭接头4321，具体地，传扭接头4321为棱柱。
可选地，拉簧411的下端与调节杆432的上端连接。进一步的，为了便于与拉簧411的连接，参照图6，调节杆432的上端设有拉环4322。
可选地，拉簧411的上端通过固定组件42与支撑凸沿322连接。
具体地，参照图5，固定组件42包括第一固定座422和第一螺栓421，第一固定座422和支撑凸沿322上均设有螺纹连接孔，第一固定座422和支撑凸沿322之间通过第一螺栓421固定连接。第一固定座422的螺纹连接孔的孔壁向一侧延伸形成连接臂，连接臂上开设有相对设置的两个轴孔，轴孔中穿装有固定轴425。本实施例中，固定轴425采用螺栓，两个轴孔中，至少一个是螺纹孔，螺栓穿过两个轴孔后，通过防松螺母424锁紧连接。拉簧411的上端穿在位于两个轴孔之间的螺栓上。
为了避免振动过程中拉簧411的晃动，固定轴425上设有环形的限位槽，拉簧411的上端嵌设在限位槽内。
作为一种具体的实施方式，固定轴425上套装有固定套423，限位槽设于固定套423上。进一步的，固定套423采用尼龙材质制成。
可选地，弹性件41包括拉簧411；参照他3，定位组件5包括带外螺纹的定位杆51，试验箱2的底壁设有带内螺纹的定位孔52，定位杆51与定位孔52螺纹连接，定位杆51的上端穿出定位孔52，适于抵接并支撑试验台组件3。当定位杆51转动时，可调节定位杆51的上端伸出试验箱2的底壁的高度，也就是调节试验台组件3与试验箱2的底壁之间的间距，具体为，过渡头32的支撑凸沿322的下端面和试验箱2的底壁之间的间距。当试验箱2内为低压状态时，试验箱2的内外存在压差，也就是过渡头的上端面和下端面之间存在压差，此时，借助拉簧411补偿该压差，调节试验台组件3处于平衡状态时，定位组件5用于标定试验台组件3处于该平衡状态时的位置。由于试验箱2的内外压差产生的作用在过渡头32上的压力差为：F＝ΔPS，则拉簧411的拉力调整为F，即可补偿该压力差，而在常压下，由于过渡头32受到拉簧411的向下的拉力，需要设置定位组件5，通过其中的定位杆51来支撑试验台面31，从而防止试验台面31因受到拉簧411的拉力而下行，对试验台面31及振动台体1造成损坏。
可以理解的是，根据F＝ΔPS，过渡头32的截面积越大，其受力越大，则需要的拉簧411的刚度K越大，试验台面31或过渡头32的可使用的实际位移越小。
可选地，试验箱2和试验台组件3之间通过密封组件6密封连接。
可选地，密封组件6包括密封盖61，密封盖61可拆卸地设于试 验箱2的底部，第一安装孔开设在密封盖61上，平衡组件4设于密封盖61和试验台组件3之间，定位组件5设于密封盖61和试验台组件3之间。
可选地，试验台组件3和密封盖61之间连接有环形的密封圈62，密封圈62的下边沿与密封盖61连接，密封圈62的上边沿与试验台组件3连接，密封圈62将试验箱2的内腔和外界隔绝密封。
通过设置密封组件6，将试验台组件3和试验箱2密封连接，便于准确调节试验箱2内的气压，为振动台体1提供振动、温度、湿度以及低气压或高气压的多种不同组合环境的试验条件。
可选地，密封组件6还包括O型圈，具体地，调节杆432和调节孔431之间通过套装在调节杆432上的O型圈63密封连接。
试验箱2的上部设有用于连接环境装置的第二安装孔9和用于连接抽气装置或充气装置的第三安装孔10。环境装置用于调节试验箱2内的温度和湿度，抽气装置或充气装置用于调节试验箱2内的气压，抽气装置用于为试验箱2的内腔提供低压环境，充气装置用于为试验箱2的内腔提供高压环境。
具体操作过程：
根据振动台体1的动圈平衡时试验台面31的位置确定过渡头32下表面的位置，将定位杆51调节到抵接过渡头32的支撑凸沿322，标定此高度为平衡位置，定位杆51负责在常压下支撑过渡头32，确保在安装待测试件时，过渡头32不会产生向下的移动，防止损坏振动台。通过第三安装孔连接的抽气装置，降低试验箱2内的气压，当试验箱2内的气压减小时，受外界大气压作用，过渡头32上移，此时，调整调节杆432以改变拉簧411的长度，将过渡头32拉至平衡位置，然后撤掉定位杆51，试验台面31处于平衡位置。通过第二安装孔9连接的环境装置来控制试验箱2内的温度和湿度，通过第三安装孔10连接的抽气装置来调节试验箱2内的气压，通过振动台体1提供振动，从而实现低压、温度、湿度、振动四个综合环境的测试条件。
实施例2
参照图7，本实施例中，与实施例1的区别在于，弹性件41为压簧412，定位组件5包括带有外螺纹的定位杆51，试验箱2的底壁设有带内螺纹的第一连接孔，定位杆51的下部与第一连接孔螺纹连接；试验台组件3设有带内螺纹的第二连接孔，定位杆51的上端与第二连接孔螺纹连接。此种方案适用于试验箱2内为高压的情况。
具体地，参照图7，固定组件42包括第二固定座435和第二螺栓436，第二固定座435和支撑凸沿322上均设有螺纹连接孔，第二固定座435和支撑凸沿322之间通过第二螺栓436固定连接。第二固定座435设有第一压紧面，与压簧412的一端抵接，用于下压压簧412。参照图8，第二固定座435上开设有环形的限位槽，压簧412的 上端嵌设在限位槽中。当然，在一些其他的实施例中，在第一压紧面上凸出设有第一导向柱，压簧412的上端套装在第一导向柱上，且与第一压紧面抵接。
本实施例中，参照图9，调节杆432的下端设有螺纹和传扭接头4321，其连接方式及调节方式与实施例1中相同。调节杆432的上端具有第二压紧面，第二压紧面上凸设有第二限位柱，压簧412的下端套装在第二限位柱上，并与第二压紧面抵接。当然，在一些其他的实施例中，第二压紧面上开设有环形的限位槽，压簧412的下端嵌设在限位槽内。
由于试验箱2内的气压和试验箱2外的气压的差值为正，也就是，过渡头32受到向下的压力大于受到向上的压力，因此，压簧412能够对过渡头32施加向上的力，补偿压差带来的力的差值，使试验箱2内为高压环境时，过渡头32处于平衡状态。而常压下，由于过渡头32受到压簧412的向上的弹性力，因此，需要通过定位杆51与过渡头32连接，为过渡头32提供等量的下拉力，以使过渡头32在常压状态下也处于平衡状态。
操作过程与实施例1中的大致相同，区别在于，通过连接于第三安装孔上的充气装置对试验箱2的内腔加压，提供高压环境。
根据上述描述，本专利申请具有以下优点：
1、通过设置平衡组件4，由平衡组件4中的弹性件41在试验箱2内的气压改变时，对试验台组件3施加垂直方向的弹性力，补偿了试验台组件3受到的压差产生的力，从而使得试验箱2在试验气压下，试验台仍处于平衡状态，实现了四综合振动系统在低气压或高气压环境下的正常试验工作；
2、通过设置密封组件6，将试验台组件3和试验箱2密封连接，便于准确调节试验箱2内的气压，为振动台体1提供振动、温度、湿度以及低气压多种不同组合环境的试验条件。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，包括：
    振动台体(1)；
    试验箱(2)，设于所述振动台体(1)上，所述试验箱(2)的底部设有第一安装孔；所述试验箱(2)内设有试验台组件(3)，所述试验台组件(3)向下可活动地穿过所述第一安装孔与所述振动台体(1)连接；
    平衡组件(4)，至少设有两个，且围绕所述试验台组件(3)的周向间隔设置；所述平衡组件(4)包括弹性件(41)，所述弹性件(41)连接于所述试验台组件(3)和所述试验箱(2)之间，所述弹性件(41)适于在所述试验箱(2)内的气压改变时，对所述试验台组件(3)施加垂直方向的弹性力，使所述试验台组件(3)在试验压力下处于平衡状态；
    定位组件(5)，至少设有两个，且围绕所述试验台组件(3)的周向间隔设于所述试验台组件(3)和所述试验箱(2)之间，所述定位组件(5)和所述试验台组件(3)可拆卸地连接，所述定位组件(5)适于对所述试验台组件(3)施加与所述弹性力反向的作用力，以使所述试验台组件(3)在常压下处于平衡状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述试验台组件(3)包括试验台面(31)和过渡头(32)；所述过渡头(32)包括沿所述第一安装孔的轴向设置的过渡主体(321)，所述过渡主体(321)可活动地套装于所述第一安装孔内，所述过渡主体(321)的上端连接所述试验台面(31)，所述过渡主体(321)的下端连接所述振动台体(1)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述过渡头(32)还包括水平凸设于所述过渡主体(321)的上部的支撑凸沿(322)，所述弹性件(41)的第一端与所述支撑凸沿(322)连接，所述弹性件(41)的第二端与所述试验箱(2)的底壁连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述弹性件(41)的第二端通过调节组件(43)与所述试验箱(2)的底壁连接；所述调节组件(43)包括设于所述试验箱(2)底壁上的调节孔(431)以及与所述调节孔(431)螺纹连接的调节杆(432)，所述调节杆(432)的上端与所述弹性件(41)的第二端连接，所述调节杆(432)的下端穿过所述调节孔(431)后，通过调节螺母(434)可调节地锁紧连接在所述调节孔(431)上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述调节孔(431)的下端外扩形成环形槽，所述调节杆(432)上套装有推力轴承(433)，所述推力轴承(433)设于所述环形槽内，所述调节螺母(434)与所述推力轴承(433)抵接。
  6. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述弹性件(41)包括拉簧(411)；所述定位组件(5)包括带外螺纹的定位杆(51)，所述试验箱(2)的底壁设有带内螺纹的 定位孔(52)，所述定位杆(51)与所述定位孔(52)螺纹连接，所述定位杆(51)的上端穿出所述定位孔(52)，适于抵接并支撑所述试验台组件(3)。
  7. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述弹性件(41)包括压簧(412)，所述定位组件(5)包括带有外螺纹的定位杆(51)，所述试验箱(2)的底壁设有带内螺纹的第一连接孔，所述定位杆(51)的下部与所述第一连接孔螺纹连接；所述试验台组件(3)设有带内螺纹的第二连接孔，所述定位杆(51)的上端与所述第二连接孔螺纹连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述试验箱(2)和所述试验台组件(3)之间通过密封组件(6)密封连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述密封组件(6)包括密封盖(61)，所述密封盖(61)可拆卸地设于所述试验箱(2)的底部，所述第一安装孔开设在所述密封盖(61)上，所述平衡组件(4)、所述定位组件(5)均设于所述密封盖(61)和所述试验台组件(3)之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的四综合振动试验系统，其特征在于，所述试验台组件(3)和所述密封盖(61)之间连接有环形的密封圈(62)，所述密封圈(62)的下边沿与所述密封盖(61)连接，所述密封圈(62)的上边沿与所述试验台组件(3)连接，所述密封圈(62)将所述试验箱(2)的内腔和外界隔绝密封。
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