WO2024077340A1 - Actionneur bistable à bobine unique - Google Patents

Actionneur bistable à bobine unique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024077340A1
WO2024077340A1 PCT/AU2023/050994 AU2023050994W WO2024077340A1 WO 2024077340 A1 WO2024077340 A1 WO 2024077340A1 AU 2023050994 W AU2023050994 W AU 2023050994W WO 2024077340 A1 WO2024077340 A1 WO 2024077340A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
actuator assembly
armature
distribution line
current
single coil
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2023/050994
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joni Tortian
Original Assignee
Noja Power Switchgear Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2022902951A external-priority patent/AU2022902951A0/en
Application filed by Noja Power Switchgear Pty Ltd filed Critical Noja Power Switchgear Pty Ltd
Publication of WO2024077340A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024077340A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a single coil bistable actuator for use in switchgear applications.
  • Reclosers are known devices used to open/close the circuit of an electrical distribution network. Reclosers may comprise multiple coils which generally increase the potential for failure as well as the costs associated with maintenance and repair.
  • the invention provides a single coil bistable actuator assembly for use in switchgear applications to control a flow of a distribution line current in a distribution line
  • the single coil bistable actuator assembly comprising: an electromagnetic coil arranged to magnetically interact with an armature, the armature being movable between an open position for opening a current interrupter and a closed position for closing the current interrupter according to a direction of a flow of an energisation current through the electromagnetic coil; and first and second magnets spaced apart along an axis of the electromagnetic coil; wherein the first magnet is arranged to magnetically interact with the armature to maintain the current interrupter in the open position and the second magnet is arranged to magnetically interact with the armature to maintain the current interrupter in the closed position.
  • the electromagnetic coil, the armature, the first magnet and the second magnet are concentrically arranged.
  • each of the first magnet and the second magnet comprise permanent magnets.
  • the actuator assembly comprises a sensor to sense the distribution line current.
  • the actuator assembly is configured to move the armature to the open position when the sensor senses that the distribution line current exceeds a predetermined threshold one or more times within a predetermined time period.
  • the actuator assembly is configured to move the armature to the closed position according to a predetermined time period relative to the armature having moved to the open position.
  • the actuator assembly further comprises at least one capacitor. [12] In an embodiment, the actuator assembly is configured to acquire an energisation energy from the distribution line when the armature is in the closed position.
  • the actuator assembly includes a transformer for acquiring the energisation energy from the distribution line.
  • the energisation energy is stored in the at least one capacitor wherein the energisation current is drawn therefrom when the armature is in the open position.
  • the actuator assembly further comprises a communication module wherein the actuator assembly is configured to energise and/or de-energise the electromagnetic coil in response to the communication module.
  • the actuator assembly includes the current interrupter, wherein the distribution line current in the distribution line is interrupted when the current interrupter is in the open position and the distribution line current in the distribution line is free to flow when the current interrupter is in the closed position.
  • the current interrupter comprises a dielectric vacuum interrupter.
  • the actuator assembly is configured to be operably engaged with a recloser body.
  • the actuator is provided in combination with the recloser body.
  • the recloser body is adapted to be installed in a fuse holder of the distribution line.
  • a housing comprises one or more visual indicia for visually determining whether the actuator is in the open position or closed position.
  • the invention provides a method of controlling a flow of a distribution line current in a distribution line, the method comprising the steps: providing an actuator assembly having an armature responsive to energisation of an electromagnetic coil and operable between an open position for opening a current interrupter and a closed position for closing the current interrupter, the actuator assembly having a sensor for sensing the distribution line current in a distribution line; operably associating the actuator assembly with a recloser assembly comprising the current interrupter; sensing the distribution line current in the distribution line; actuating the armature of the actuator according to the distribution line current; wherein the actuator assembly includes a first magnet for holding the armature in the closed position in an absence of the energisation and a second magnet for holding the armature in the open position in the absence of the energisation current
  • the method further comprises actuating the armature of the actuator to move to an open position when the distribution line current exceeds a predetermined threshold one or more times within a predetermined time period.
  • the method further comprises actuating the armature of the actuator to move to a closed position when a predetermined time period elapses.
  • Figure 1 is an isometric view of a recloser comprising the bistable actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a portion of the cross section of the recloser of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a cross sectional diagram of the bistable actuator of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 4 is a diagram of one side of the bistable actuator of Figure 1 .
  • Figure 5 is a diagram of one side of the bistable actuator of Figure 1 showing simplified magnetic fields.
  • Figure 6 is a magnetic field diagram of the bistable actuator of Figure 1 in a closed position.
  • Figure 7 is a magnetic field diagram of the bistable actuator of Figure 1 in an open position.
  • Figure 8 is a side view of an electronic control module of the bistable actuator of Figure 1.
  • FIGS 1 to 3 illustrate a switchgear, for example a recloser, comprising a bistable actuator assembly 12. While the bistable actuator assembly 12, hereinafter referred to as actuator assembly 12, is shown in combination with a recloser body 10, the person skilled in the art would readily appreciate that the actuator assembly 12 of the present invention may be applied in other switchgear applications.
  • the actuator assembly 12 comprises an electromagnetic coil 16, a first magnet 18A, a second magnet 18B and an armature 20 arranged within a housing 14.
  • the housing 14 may be enclosed or consist of a frame.
  • each of the coil 16, the first magnet 18A, the second magnet 18B and the armature 20 are cylindrically shaped and concentrically arranged.
  • the armature 20 is arranged so as to slide axially within the housing 14 through magnetic interaction with the coil 16 and the first magnet 18A or the second magnet 18B.
  • a respective one of the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B magnetically interacts with the armature 20 to maintain the armature 20 in either an open position or in a closed position.
  • the actuator assembly 12 further comprises a transformer for acquiring energisation energy from the distribution line.
  • the energisation energy may be used to operate the armature 20 to move from an open position to a closed position.
  • the energisation energy is also preferably used to charge the at least one capacitor 220 as will be discussed further below.
  • an energisation current in the coil 16 can be generated to produce a magnetic field which interacts with the armature 20. This magnetic field overcomes the magnetic interaction between a respective one of the first magnet 18A or the second magnet 18B to move the armature 20 to or towards the respective other one of the first magnet 18A or the second magnet 18B.
  • the orientation of the magnetic field generated by the energisation current in the coil 16 is determined according to the direction of the energisation current. Accordingly, movement of the armature 20 may be controlled by alternating the direction of the energisation current.
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B are spaced apart along axis X (as seen in Figure 3).
  • the actuator assembly 12 further comprises a spacer member 22.
  • the spacer member 22 may be a singular component or comprise a plurality of pieces.
  • the spacer member 22 may be separate or integrally formed with the housing 14.
  • the spacer member 22 may provide additional stability for the armature 20 by providing direct support to keep the armature 20 axially aligned as it moves between the open position and the closed position.
  • the spacer member 22 may also assist in maintaining the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B in the optimal location within the housing 14 within the actuator assembly 12.
  • the spacer member 22 is magnetised in the axial direction towards the closed position. In this manner, the spacer member 22 supports and/or contributes the magnetic interaction between the armature 20 and the respective one of the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B when in each of the open position and the closed position.
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B magnetically interact with the armature 20 to maintain the armature 20 in either the open position (as seen in Figure 7) or in the closed position (as seen in Figure 6).
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B magnetically interact with the armature 20 to maintain the armature 20 in its position when there is no energisation current in the coil 16.
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B are permanent magnets.
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B are arranged within the housing 14 such that their respective magnetic fields are opposing and directed towards each other.
  • the housing 14 may be enclosed or may comprise a frame like structure for keeping the components of the actuator assembly 12 in the desired orientation and/or arrangement.
  • the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B may be located or kept in position with the assistance of spacer member 22.
  • the minor magnetic field 50A and the major magnetic field 50B will be referred to as the minor magnetic field 50A and the major magnetic field 50B as best shown in Figure 5. It is noted that ‘major’ and ‘minor’ are not in reference the strength of the respective magnetic fields.
  • distribution line current enters the recloser body 10 through the fuse tip 90.
  • the distribution line current passes through the dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40 and exits the recloser body 10 through the busbar 92 and/or the trunnion 94.
  • the armature 20 is operatively engaged with a current interrupter, in the form of dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40, of the actuator assembly 20.
  • the armature 20 operably engages with the dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40 so as to disrupt the flow of the distribution line current through the recloser body 10.
  • the distribution line current is free to flow through the recloser body 10.
  • the distribution line current is interrupted by the dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40 thereby preventing the distribution line current from exiting through the busbar 92 and/or the trunnion 94 as seen in Figure 2.
  • FIG. 6 there is provided magnetic field diagrams showing changes in the minor magnetic field 50A and the major magnetic field 50 based on the position of the armature 20 as discussed above.
  • the major magnetic field 50B may be described as the magnetic field provided by the respective one of the first magnet 18A or the second magnet 18B which is not maintaining the armature 20 in a respective open position or closed position.
  • the minor magnetic field 50A may be described as the magnetic field provided by the respective one of the first magnet 18A and the second magnet 18B which is maintaining the armature 20 in position.
  • the first magnet 18A is holding the armature 20 in its position whereas as seen in Figure 7, the second magnet 18B is holding the armature 20 in its position.
  • the spacer member 22 contributes in some part to the magnetic field of each of the major magnetic field 50B and the minor magnetic field 50A.
  • the magnetic field passes through a portion of the housing 14.
  • the minor magnetic field 50A some of the magnetic field may pass through a portion of the housing 14.
  • the actuator assembly 12 When in the closed position, the actuator assembly 12 is configured such that the magnetic interaction of the minor magnetic field 50A between the first magnet 18A and the armature 20 is relatively stronger than the major magnetic field 50B between the second magnet 50B and the armature thereby making the armature stable in the closed position.
  • the actuator assembly 12 When in the open position, the actuator assembly 12 is configured such that the magnetic interaction of the minor magnetic field 50A between the second magnet 18B and the armature 20 is relatively stronger than the major magnetic field 50B between the first magnet 50A and the armature thereby making the armature 20 stable in the open position.
  • the energisation current is applied to the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to/from the closed position from/to the open position.
  • the actuator assembly 12 comprises an electronic control module 200 electrically connected through a secondary circuit for controlling the energisation current in the coil 16. Controlling the energisation current may comprise energising or de-energising the coil 16 according to the distribution line current.
  • the electronic control module 200 preferably comprises means to process one or more inputs and produce one or more outputs according to the one or more inputs.
  • the electronic control module 200 may comprise a microcontroller 210 and an energy storage component, such as a capacitor.
  • the energisation energy stored in the bank of capacitors 220 is for use when the armature 20 is moved to the open position and energisation energy is not being acquired or otherwise received from the distribution line. For example, if the current in the distribution line is interrupted at another position in the distribution line, such as by another recloser on the distribution line, the energisation energy stored in the bank of capacitors 220 may be used even if the armature 20 is in the closed position as energisation energy cannot be acquired from the distribution line.
  • the electronic control module 200 may comprise software and/or firmware which provides instructions for supplying an energisation current to the coil 16.
  • the energisation current may energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to an open position when the distribution line current exceeds a predetermined threshold one or more times within a predetermined time period. For example, if the distribution line current exceeds a predetermined threshold, the electronic control module 200 may supply the energisation current to energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to the open position. In another example, if the distribution line current exceeds another predetermined threshold multiple times within a predetermined period of time, the electronic control module 200 may supply the energisation current to energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to the open position.
  • the present invention ensures that the actuator assembly may manually close at a suitable speed to operate appropriately in an effort to clear faults according to a cycle of interrupting the current in the distribution line.
  • the present invention minimises energy consumption as well as reduces overall weight. Furthermore, this ensures that the surge in distribution line current does not damage components within a distribution line network.
  • the electronic control module 200 may supply the energisation current to energise/de-energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to the closed position once a predetermined period of time elapses. This process may occur through a number of identical cycles, or the predetermined thresholds may vary between cycles and/or be determined based on the number of cycles of the armature 20 moving between the open and closed position. In one example, if a specific number of cycles of moving the armature 20 to/from the open and closed positions occurs, the actuator assembly 12 may remain in the open position.
  • the actuator assembly 12 may require manual intervention to check and maintain the actuator assembly 12 or other components so as to clear the fault prior to moving the armature 20 back into the closed position.
  • the recloser body 10 may comprise a lever 80 (as seen in Figure 1) for manually operating the armature 20.
  • the actuator assembly 12 and/or the recloser body 10 may also comprise one or more visual indicia for indicating the status of the armature 20 (not shown).
  • the visual indicia includes, but is not limited to, an LED, coloured flag or plate or a physical member positioned relative to the recloser body 10.
  • the electronic control module 200 may be provided.
  • the energy storage component may also be a rechargeable battery.
  • a bank of capacitors 220 may be provided.
  • the recloser body 10 is adapted to be installed into a fuse holder of an existing distribution line. Accordingly, the present invention advantageously reduces and/or eliminates the amount of retrofitting required to implement the present invention into existing electrical distribution networks.
  • the actuator assembly 12 comprises or is operatively configured with a harvesting current transformer 30, also referred to as a harvesting CT.
  • the harvesting CT 30 may comprise a conductive element 32 which is electrically connected to the distribution line.
  • the harvesting CT 30 is operatively engaged with the distribution line so as to acquire or otherwise receive power from the distribution line when the armature 20 is in the closed position and the distribution line current is free to flow through the recloser body 10.
  • the harvesting CT 30 comprises a sensor to sense the magnitude of the distribution line current for use by the electronic control module 200.
  • the harvesting CT 30 may be electrically connected to the energy storage component, such as the bank of capacitors 220 to acquire and store energy when the armature 20 is in the closed position.
  • the bank of capacitors 220 may be discharged to energise the electronic control module 200 and/or to provide an energisation current to energise/de-energise the coil 16 in accordance with sensed current and/or voltage in the distribution line.
  • the present invention is advantageous as the reduction in components makes it suitable for low voltage operation at or about 150 milliamps. Accordingly, if a fault occurs and is unable to be cleared by opening and closing the armature 20, the actuator assembly 12 of the preferred embodiment may still be remotely operable for approximately 48 hours after moving to the open position.
  • the time in which the actuator assembly 12 may remain operational after the armature 20 being moved to the open position is subject to the storage capacity of the bank of capacitors 220. Accordingly, this may provide a larger window in which the worker can interact with the actuator assembly 12 without requiring working at heights or direct electrical work.
  • the electronic control module 200 further comprises a communication module (not shown) for receiving/transmitting signals so as to operate the actuator assembly 12 remotely.
  • the communication module may be configured to receive signals to energise or de-energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 from the closed position to the open position or alternatively, from the open position to the closed position.
  • the communication module may be configured to transmit signals which include data such as the status of the actuator assembly 12 and/or the armature 20. As such, a worker may be able to remotely connect to the communication module to quickly and efficiently determine whether an actuator assembly 12 or armature 20 is in the open or closed position.
  • the open position and the closed position may be reference in relation to the actuator assembly 12 and/or the armature 20.
  • the person skilled in the art would readily appreciate that where the actuator assembly 12 is described as being in the closed position would mean that the actuator assembly 12 is in the closed position. Conversely, where the actuator assembly 12 is described as being in the open position would mean the armature 20 is in the open position.
  • the method of controlling the flow of the distribution line current in a distribution line of an electrical distribution network will be described with respect to the Figures generally.
  • an actuator assembly 12 as described herein comprises and is operatively configured with a current interrupter, such as dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40.
  • the actuator assembly 12 comprising the dielectric vacuum current interrupter 40 is provided in combination with a recloser body 10, the recloser body 10 being in series with the distribution line of an electrical distribution network.
  • the actuator assembly 12 is configured to continuously sense the distribution line current.
  • the distribution line current is compared with one or more predetermined thresholds.
  • the armature 20 of the actuator assembly 12 is responsive to the energisation of the coil 16.
  • the actuator assembly 12 When the distribution line current exceeds the one or more predetermined thresholds one or more times within a given time period, the actuator assembly 12 is configured to operate the dielectric vacuum current disrupter 40 by actuation of the armature 20 to move the armature 20 to an open position thereby preventing flow of the distribution line current through the recloser body 10. After a predetermined amount of time, the actuator assembly 12 may be configured to energise the coil 16 to move the armature 20 to a closed position to resume or freely allow the distribution line current to flow through the recloser body 10.
  • a worker may install the recloser body 10, having the actuator assembly 12 installed therein, into a fuse holder (not shown) of a distribution line of a distribution line network.
  • the worker may manually move the armature 20 of the actuator assembly 12 to move the armature 20 into the closed position.
  • the actuator assembly 12 may have sufficient power stored initially in order to move the armature 20 into the closed position by remote means.
  • the electronic control module 200 continuously monitors the distribution line current until it finds that the current in the distribution line exceeds a predefined threshold. For example, on a 12.5 kV line, the predetermined threshold might be +10% above an expected current. When the +10% threshold is exceeded, the actuator assembly 12 is configured to move the armature 20 into the open position to stop the flow of distribution line current through the recloser body 10.
  • the predetermined threshold will be determined by what is an anticipated safe current so as to avoid damage to equipment in the distribution network and/or that which the distribution network supplies energy.
  • the single coil bistable actuator 10 described herein is intended to be configured and/or operably associated with a recloser assembly as seen in Figure 1. Recloser assemblies are known in the art. The single coil bistable actuator 10 described herein may be incorporated into new recloser assemblies and/or retrofitted into existing recloser assemblies.

Abstract

Un ensemble actionneur bistable à bobine unique destiné à être utilisé dans des applications d'appareillage de commutation pour commander un flux d'un courant de ligne de distribution dans une ligne de distribution, l'ensemble actionneur bistable à bobine unique comprenant une bobine électromagnétique agencée pour interagir magnétiquement avec une armature, l'armature étant mobile entre une position ouverte pour ouvrir un interrupteur de courant et une position fermée pour fermer l'interrupteur de courant selon une direction d'un flux d'un courant d'excitation à travers la bobine électromagnétique; des premier et second aimants espacés le long d'un axe de la bobine électromagnétique; le premier aimant étant agencé pour interagir magnétiquement avec l'armature afin de maintenir l'interrupteur de courant dans la position ouverte et le second aimant étant agencé pour interagir magnétiquement avec l'armature afin de maintenir l'interrupteur de courant dans la position fermée.
PCT/AU2023/050994 2022-10-10 2023-10-10 Actionneur bistable à bobine unique WO2024077340A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2022902951 2022-10-10
AU2022902951A AU2022902951A0 (en) 2022-10-10 Single Coil Bistable Actuator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024077340A1 true WO2024077340A1 (fr) 2024-04-18

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ID=90668374

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU2023/050994 WO2024077340A1 (fr) 2022-10-10 2023-10-10 Actionneur bistable à bobine unique

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2024077340A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060007623A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Trivette Marty L Method and apparatus for operating a magnetic actuator in a power switching device
US20170178829A1 (en) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Eaton Corporation Electrical switching apparatus with electronic trip unit
JP6170712B2 (ja) * 2013-04-12 2017-07-26 アズビル株式会社 双安定移動装置
US20170236630A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2017-08-17 Eaton Corporation Magnetically Latching Flux-Shifting Electromechanical Actuator
KR101884244B1 (ko) * 2017-04-28 2018-08-02 인텍전기전자 주식회사 전자석 조작기 및 이를 포함하는 전력선로용 차단장치

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060007623A1 (en) * 2004-07-09 2006-01-12 Trivette Marty L Method and apparatus for operating a magnetic actuator in a power switching device
JP6170712B2 (ja) * 2013-04-12 2017-07-26 アズビル株式会社 双安定移動装置
US20170236630A1 (en) * 2014-08-18 2017-08-17 Eaton Corporation Magnetically Latching Flux-Shifting Electromechanical Actuator
US20170178829A1 (en) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-22 Eaton Corporation Electrical switching apparatus with electronic trip unit
KR101884244B1 (ko) * 2017-04-28 2018-08-02 인텍전기전자 주식회사 전자석 조작기 및 이를 포함하는 전력선로용 차단장치

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