WO2024073854A1 - Procédé et système de génération de photocourant - Google Patents

Procédé et système de génération de photocourant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024073854A1
WO2024073854A1 PCT/CA2023/051321 CA2023051321W WO2024073854A1 WO 2024073854 A1 WO2024073854 A1 WO 2024073854A1 CA 2023051321 W CA2023051321 W CA 2023051321W WO 2024073854 A1 WO2024073854 A1 WO 2024073854A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrical
wires
sheath
magnetic field
photovoltaic cell
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2023/051321
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Vinayak VENKATARAMAN
Gurpreet SINGH SELOPAL
Federico Rosei
Original Assignee
Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique filed Critical Institut National De La Recherche Scientifique
Publication of WO2024073854A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024073854A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S10/00—PV power plants; Combinations of PV energy systems with other systems for the generation of electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to current generation. More specifically, the present invention is concerned with a method and system for photocurrent generation.
  • Solar panels deployment typically involves acquiring very large land since solar cells are deployed as standalone units on solar farms or rooftops for example, at acquisition costs that amount for a large share of the costs of energy generation projects. Moreover, deployment of the solar panels requires infrastructure such as beams to which the solar panels are bolted and structural supports for the solar panel assemblies for example, involves skilled installation crews and is time consuming, further increasing costs and delays before the projects become operational. Additionally, the solar cells used typically still produce limited solar power per unit area.
  • a system for current generation comprising electrically insulated connection of sheathed electrical wires supporting photovoltaic materials to transmission wires of an operating grid, whereby the photovoltaic materials produce photocurrent when at least one of: directly and indirectly exposed to sunlight.
  • a method for current generation comprising electrically insulated connection of sheathed electrical wires supporting photovoltaic materials to transmission wires of an operating grid, whereby the photovoltaic materials produce photocurrent when at least one of: directly and indirectly exposed to sunlight.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 1A is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 1 1 B is a schematic view of a system according to an embodiment of an aspect of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 1C is a schematic of a connector in the systems of FIGs. 11 A and 11 B.
  • a system as described herein comprises sheathed electrical wires 12 supporting photovoltaics cells 16, and in electrically-insulated connection with high voltage wires of a grid.
  • the photovoltaics cells 16 are supported on the outer surface of the sheathed electrical wires 12, in selected target areas 15 of the outer surface of the electrical sheath 14 selected depending on the application and according to expected exposure to sunlight once the system is installed on an operating grid network as will be described hereinbelow.
  • the outer surface of the electrical sheath 14 may support a plurality of photovoltaics cells 16 on different selected target areas 15.
  • photovoltaics cells 16 cover the entire outer surface of the electrical sheath 14 and electromagnetic waves from the sunlight reach the photovoltaics cells 16 either directly or indirectly, including rays reflected or scattered and/ or diffused from the environment, such as the ground or clouds for example.
  • the material of the electrical sheath 14 in contact with the electrical wires 12 is selected for heat resistance according to a temperature of the electrical wires 12 during operation, typically in a range between about 70°C and about 150°C, and of a high magnetic permeability selected in order to minimise magnetic field strength attenuation at the surface of the electrical wires 12 so that the magnetic field at the surface of the wires is at most the magnetic field at the surface of the photovoltaic cells, for example a magnetic permeability of at least 1 .
  • the material of the electrical sheath 14 may comprise a combination of materials and/or layers of materials; for example, The electrical sheath 14 may comprise a first layer of heat resistant ceramic in direct contact with the electrical wires 12 and a second layer over the first layer selected for supporting material for the photovoltaics cells 16 of the target areas 15 of the outer surface of the electrical sheath 14, made in a material such as fiberglass, carbon steel or a composite thereof, an alloy or combination of alloys, may be used for example.
  • the electrical sheath 14 may comprise a material selected for heat resistance according to a temperature of the electrical wires 12 during operation only selectively at contact positions with the wires, as discussed hereinbelow in relation to FIG, 7 for example; such configuration allows a wider range of high permeability materials while minimizing the amount of heat resistant material used for the electrical sheath, for decreasing costs.
  • the material of the electrical sheath 14 of the electrical wires 12 may be selected as a transparent material and photovoltaic cells may be positioned on any surfaces of the electrical sheath 14 exposed to the ambient atmosphere for maximized coverage.
  • Photovoltaic materials that display an increase in photocurrent in the presence of a magnetic field of at least 0.5mT may be selected, such as perovskite solar cells, dye sensitized solar cells, quantum dot sensitized solar cells for example and third generation solar photovoltaics cells.
  • a number of arrays of the photovoltaics cells may be selected according to mechanical constraints of weight according to load resistance and loading capacity of the grid wires.
  • the diameter or thickness of the electrical sheath 14 is selected according to the electrical wires 12, in order to control any relative movement between the electrical wires 12 and inner surfaces of the electrical sheath 14 and ensure mechanical stability.
  • the electrical sheath 14 is shown a tubular sheath.
  • Other configurations may be selected, as described hereinbelow in relation to FIGs. 2, 3, 4, in order to optimize the outer available for supporting photovoltaic cells for a same length of electrical wires 12 for example.
  • the electrical sheath 14 comprises wings 18, 20 extending radially from a tubular body and providing added outer surfaces for photovoltaic cells layout.
  • the electrical wires 12 are sheathed in a panel sheath 22 comprising outer surfaces 30 and inner surfaces 31 (see FIGs. 5-8) between contacts positions with the embedded wires 12, the outer surfaces 30 being available for additional photovoltaic cells layout; the electrical wires 12 are routed through the panel sheath 22 itself in such a manner that the photocurrent produced by the panel sheath 22 itself produces a magnetic field enhancing the efficiency effect in the photovoltaic cells in operation.
  • the outer surfaces 30 of the electrical sheath between the contacts positions with the embedded electrical wires 12 are configured with a slanted angle on each side of the respective positions of the embedded electrical wires 12; the slanted angle is selected according to the angle of the sunlight, based on parameters such as the angle of declination and the configuration and layout of the grid at the location of the grid on the surface of the earth, which determines the angle of the sunlight at this location on the surface of the earth.
  • the panel sheath 22 is shown as a tubular member comprising contacts with the embedded electrical wires 12 at a finite number of positions 17 of an inner surface thereof, resulting in a reduced overall weight and allowing air flow F within the panel sheath 22, slots for air being provided (not shown), for cooling the electrical wires 12 if necessary.
  • the panel sheath 22 is shown as a tubular member comprising contacts with the embedded electrical wires 12 at a finite number of positions 17 of an inner surface thereof, resulting in a reduced overall weight and allowing air flow F within the panel sheath 22, slots for air being provided (not shown), for cooling the electrical wires 12 if necessary.
  • the inner surface 31 of the electrical panel sheath between the contact positions 17 with the electrical wires 12 embedded in the material of the electrical sheath 14 is coated with a photovoltaic material 40 that absorbs sunlight in the infra-red region of the electromagnetic spectrum, to allow absorbing thermionic emission from the hot wire 12 and generate additional electric power; absorbing emissions from the electrical wires 12 also cools down the wire 12 by radiative cooling, in addition to the airflow cooling as described before in relation to FIG. 5.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to materials that absorb infra-red region; if the electrical wires 12 becomes hot enough, they can also emit in the visible region. In a variant illustrated in cross section in FIG.
  • the inner surface of the electrical panel sheath at the contacts points 17 with the electrical wires 12 is further selectively coated with a heat resistant material 50.
  • the inner surface of the electrical sheath between the contacts points 17 with the electrical wires 12 is further coated with a photovoltaic material 51 that absorbs in the infra-red region of the electromagnetic spectrum as discussed in FIG 6 with similar properties required for the materials of the electrical sheath at the contacts with the electrical wires 12 as in FIG. 7.
  • Different wavelengths of sunlight may be captured from solar illumination in order to increase the solar conversion efficiency of the panel by selecting materials absorbing sunlight in some wavelengths while reflecting other wavelengths, for selective reflectance: in an embodiment illustrated in FIG. 9 for example, a first photovoltaic material 55 is selected to absorb sunlight in a first wavelength, for example ultraviolet, and mostly reflect sunlight in other wavelengths; a second photovoltaic material 57 is selected to absorb sunlight in the wavelengths reflected by the first material, for example visible, both materials 55, 57 producing electrical power from the respectively absorbed wavelengths.
  • the first and second materials may be hybrid materials comprising a top layer selectively transmitting sunlight in the first wavelength and a second layer which is photovoltaic to the first wavelength while reflecting other wavelengths. In an embodiment illustrated for example in FIG.
  • the multi-surface electrical sheath comprises a first circularly shaped outer surface and further surfaces extending therefrom, each one of these multiple outer surfaces comprising lengths of respective materials selected for respective sunlight absorption in selected relative positions between one another: for example, the coating of material 57 on the first outer surface faces the coating 56 on a second, concave, outer surface of the electrical sheath extending from the first outer surface and coated with a material 55, while a third and a fourth outer surfaces of the electrical sheath extending radially out from the first outer surface are coated with material 59, in such a way that the incident sunlight, reflected by the third and fourth outer surfaces or directly incident, is selectively reflected by the opposite material 57 on the first outer surface and by the material 55 of the second outer surface and confined through reflections between the first outer surface and the second outer surface; each reflection absorbing some wavelengths of the incident sunlight while reflecting others.
  • Such configuration allows optimizing the surface area for absorption while limiting the increase of the system size; more wavelengths are selectively absorbed, for example three
  • the photovoltaics cells 16 may cover the entire outer surface of the electrical sheath and electromagnetic waves from the sunlight reach the photovoltaics cells 16 either directly or indirectly, including rays reflected or scattered and/ or diffused from the environment, such as the ground or clouds for example.
  • the material of the electrical sheath of the electrical wires may be selected as a transparent material and photovoltaic cells may be positioned on any surfaces of the electrical sheath exposed to the ambient atmosphere for maximized coverage and power production is optimization.
  • FIGs. 1 1 Installation of electrical sheathed wires on the grid wires is achieved to minimize the risk of an electric arc travelling from the high voltage wires of the grid.
  • the system is separated from the high voltage wires by an air insulation gap, by connecting to the high voltage wires of the grid using high dielectric strength insulators preventing electricity from flowing through the high voltage wires into the system.
  • high dielectric strength insulators prevent electricity from flowing through the high voltage wires into the system.
  • the electrical sheath in order to prevent that an arc travels from the high voltage wires to the electrical panel sheath, is configured as a large cylindrical panel encapsulating the electrical wires and supporting the high voltage wires 100 of the grid inside the inner cavity thereof; the high voltage wires 100 of the grid is supported within the inner cavity by insulating connectors, such as insulators used in transmission networks, shown in FIG. 11C for example, selected to support the connection between the electrical panel sheath 22 and the wires 100 of the grid, in absence of electrical contact.
  • insulating connectors such as insulators used in transmission networks, shown in FIG. 11C for example, selected to support the connection between the electrical panel sheath 22 and the wires 100 of the grid, in absence of electrical contact.
  • the curve of the electrical panel sheath’s cylindrical surface may be selected to increase the surface area available for photovoltaic cells 16.
  • Alternative insulating system as used in high voltage transmission may be used.
  • the present system leverages existing transmission network as sites for solar power production, overcoming the need for additional land and permits.
  • the present system leverages the magnetic fields inherently generated by the transmission wires of the grid operating on a land of operation as an internal source of magnetic field to optimize or enhance the production of photocurrent by the photovoltaic cells 16 on the electrical sheaths inserted on the wires of the grid.
  • the power production of the operating grid is thus optimized, and power production increased using existing power transmission infrastructure and land, at an investment limited to the cost of systems and installation thereof over the wires of the grid.
  • the system may be extended, using for example circuitry selected to add the electrical power generated by the photovoltaic cells to the grid electrical wires used as support for the photovoltaic cells, so that each solar panel may transfer the energy produced to the grid wires it is connected to, at selected locations, such as for example at connecting points to a transmission tower of the grid where continuous connection to a downstream segment of the grid may not be possible, or cumbersome, to transfer the energy produced in an upstream segment of the tower to the wires of the grid, for each section of the grid wires between already deployed transmission towers/support infrastructure.
  • the presently disclosed solar panels use the grid wires to both generate power from solar irradiation through the photovoltaic cells thereof and transmit the power generated, adding the power generated by the photovoltaic cells of the panels for transmitted to end users on the existing transmission infrastructure.
  • the present system and method combine solar cells and existing operating electrical power transmission systems in such a way to use losses from the power transmission systems to enhance the performance of the solar cells, thereby yielding increased power at minimized costs compared to typical solar farms.
  • the system is efficiently deployed, using the existing support infrastructure without skilled labour costs, making it both easier and faster to bring solar power projects online.
  • the present system and method use the magnetic field in a current carrying wire for magnetic field enhanced photocurrent generation.
  • the present system and method allow reducing the costs related to large solar power generation projects and ease of installation of solar photovoltaic panels in such projects.
  • the present system and method allow exploiting the space already available on transmission wires laid out in the open and thereby receiving sunlight, using the magnetic field enhanced efficiency of third generation solar cells by deploying third generation solar cells over or close to magnetic fields generated by the transmission wires during operation, namely on already existing electrical energy transmission infrastructure.
  • the present method and system thus allow producing electricity more efficiently than solar cells deployed standalone in solar farms for example, by harvesting dissipated energy via magnetic flux in the grid electrical wires to produce renewable and clean solar power hence increasing the efficiency of the entire grid system.
  • the present system yields time and costs gains, results in shortened delays until bringing solar power projects operational.
  • the magnetic fields produced by the grid wiring increases the efficiency of the system.
  • the system does not only deploy solar cells over a large area corresponding to the land surface of the existing grid, but each unit area of solar cell also generates more solar power, yielding increased generation of solar power per unit area at a minimized cost per unit area.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système et un procédé de génération de courant, le système comprenant des fils électriques gainés supportant au moins une cellule photovoltaïque, la ou les cellules photovoltaïques étant supportées par une surface externe d'une gaine électrique des fils électriques gainés, la ou les cellules photovoltaïques sur la gaine électrique produisant un photocourant lorsqu'elles sont exposées, directement ou indirectement, à la lumière solaire. Le procédé consiste à raccorder de manière électriquement isolante des fils électriques gainés supportant des matériaux photovoltaïques à des fils de transmission d'un réseau d'exploitation, les matériaux photovoltaïques produisant un photocourant lorsqu'ils sont exposés à la lumière solaire. Le procédé peut consister à placer des panneaux solaires en connexion électriquement isolante avec les fils d'un réseau de transmission afin de générer de l'énergie à partir de l'irradiation solaire des panneaux solaires et de transmettre l'énergie générée aux utilisateurs en bout de chaîne sur le réseau de transmission.
PCT/CA2023/051321 2022-10-06 2023-10-05 Procédé et système de génération de photocourant WO2024073854A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202263378584P 2022-10-06 2022-10-06
US63/378,584 2022-10-06

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2004980A1 (fr) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-12 Karl-Ulrich Stein Generateur solaire
US20110017256A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2011-01-27 Osiris Isis Kether Stevens Mountable thin film solar array system
US20120118353A1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2012-05-17 Yehoshua Fishler Electrical grid solar energy harvesting system
US20120280570A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2012-11-08 David Smythe Electrical power distribution installation
KR20190115891A (ko) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-14 주식회사 아이엔오기술 배전용 전신주를 이용한 태양광 발전 및 배전 시스템
US20220115978A1 (en) * 2019-02-05 2022-04-14 Yehoshua Fishler Solar assisted electric transportation

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2004980A1 (fr) * 1988-12-12 1990-06-12 Karl-Ulrich Stein Generateur solaire
US20120280570A1 (en) * 2008-08-06 2012-11-08 David Smythe Electrical power distribution installation
US20120118353A1 (en) * 2009-06-15 2012-05-17 Yehoshua Fishler Electrical grid solar energy harvesting system
US20110017256A1 (en) * 2009-07-22 2011-01-27 Osiris Isis Kether Stevens Mountable thin film solar array system
KR20190115891A (ko) * 2018-04-04 2019-10-14 주식회사 아이엔오기술 배전용 전신주를 이용한 태양광 발전 및 배전 시스템
US20220115978A1 (en) * 2019-02-05 2022-04-14 Yehoshua Fishler Solar assisted electric transportation

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