WO2024071122A1 - Resistance-improving agent for plants having sustainable action over a long period of time - Google Patents

Resistance-improving agent for plants having sustainable action over a long period of time Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024071122A1
WO2024071122A1 PCT/JP2023/034955 JP2023034955W WO2024071122A1 WO 2024071122 A1 WO2024071122 A1 WO 2024071122A1 JP 2023034955 W JP2023034955 W JP 2023034955W WO 2024071122 A1 WO2024071122 A1 WO 2024071122A1
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Prior art keywords
flexible container
alkenal
container
alkenone
resistance
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PCT/JP2023/034955
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
博 河合
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株式会社ファイトクローム
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Publication of WO2024071122A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024071122A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
    • A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tolerance enhancer for sustainably enhancing or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants over a long period of time.
  • the present invention also relates to a generating device for generating the tolerance enhancer.
  • Patent Document 1 it has been reported that certain compounds such as ethyl vinyl ketone and hydroxyacrolein induce high temperature tolerance in plants (Patent Document 1). It has also been reported that at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from certain unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated ketones can improve or enhance not only heat tolerance (high temperature tolerance) and drought tolerance, but also other tolerances (injury tolerance, light tolerance, etc.) (Patent Document 2). These tolerance enhancers can improve or enhance tolerances such as heat tolerance and drought tolerance without relying on genetic modification, so they are expected to be effective in countries where the cultivation of genetically modified crops is prohibited and for conventional varieties.
  • the present invention aims to provide a tolerance enhancer that can sustainably improve or enhance the heat and drought resistance of plants for a long period of time (two months or more).
  • the inventors conducted extensive research to solve this problem, and as a result, they discovered for the first time a plant tolerance enhancer that can continuously improve or enhance the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more by using as an active ingredient at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bonds at the terminals, which is selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, and further containing triethyl citrate. They also discovered an effective method for generating said tolerance enhancer and an apparatus for generating said tolerance enhancer, and thus completed the present invention.
  • a tolerance improver for sustainably improving or enhancing the heat tolerance and drought tolerance of a plant for two months or more comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, and triethyl citrate.
  • a method for continuously improving or enhancing the heat tolerance and drought tolerance of a plant for two months or more comprising: (1) a step of mixing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, with triethyl citrate, and preparing a composition containing them (hereinafter, also referred to as the "composition of the present invention”); and (2) a step of releasing the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond into the atmosphere (hereinafter, also referred to as the "method of improving tolerance of the present invention”).
  • the steps (1) and (2) are carried out by bending the flexible container and breaking the first and second breakable containers using a tolerance improving agent generating device, characterized in that a first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at its terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, which may have one or more emission holes, is accommodated in a flexible container, and an absorbent material is arranged to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a second breakable container containing triethyl citrate is accommodated in the flexible container outside the first breakable container.
  • the steps (1) and (2) include a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, at least one fracturable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, an attachment attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a combination of the attachment and the flexible container.
  • the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container.
  • a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the breakable container containing a composition comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone obtained by the step (1), and triethyl citrate, and a flexible container having a bottom portion and a breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the composition comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone
  • the steps (1) and (2) include a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, a first breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container and containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a mounting member attached between the mounting device and the flexible container.
  • the flexible container is folded and the fracturable container is broken using a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for two months or more
  • the flexible container is provided with a permeable membrane attached thereto
  • the mounting device has a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container
  • the mounting device has a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side
  • a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is housed inside the flexible container outside the first fracturable container.
  • a device for generating a tolerance improver for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for more than two months characterized in that at least one breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, which may be provided with one or more emission holes, is contained in the flexible container, and an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole when the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end when the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container (hereinafter, it may be referred to as the "durability
  • a device for generating a tolerance improver for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for more than two months characterized in that at least one breakable container is accommodated in a flexible container which may have one or more emission holes, and contains an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and an absorbent material is arranged to block the emission hole when the flexible container has an emission hole, or to the end when the flexible container does not have an emission hole (hereinafter, this may be referred to as the "durability improver generating device (2') of the present invention).
  • a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, at least one fracturable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, an attachment attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a coupling device between the attachment and the front end.
  • a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for two months or more, characterized in that the device has a permeable membrane attached between the flexible container and the mounting device, the mounting device has a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device has a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container (hereinafter, this may be referred to as the ⁇ tolerance improving agent generating device (3) of the present invention'').
  • a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom; a first breakable container to be inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone; an attachment to be attached to the bottom of the flexible container; and a combination of the attachment and the flexible container.
  • the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a second frangible container containing triethyl citrate is accommodated inside the flexible container outside the first frangible container (hereinafter, also referred to as the "frangible container (4) of the present invention").
  • a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the breakable container containing a composition including an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and triethyl citrate.
  • a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of a plant for two months or more comprising: a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container; and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and having one or more voids on the side (hereinafter, also referred to as the "tolerance improving agent generating device (4') of the present invention").
  • a composition containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and triethyl citrate, it is possible to continuously improve or improve the heat resistance, drought resistance, and other resistances of plants for two months or more, and thus it is possible to provide a plant tolerance enhancer that can be used throughout one season (two or more summer months) in agricultural fields without the need for frequent replacement.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a resistance enhancer generating device (1) of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view and an exploded view of one embodiment of the resistance enhancer generator device (3) of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view of one embodiment of the resistance enhancer generating device (5) of the present invention.
  • the active ingredient in the tolerance improver of the present invention is an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond (i.e., carbon-carbon double bond), which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the "active ingredient compound of the present invention").
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and more preferably ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal (particularly preferably 2-hexenal).
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention may be either chain-like (straight-chain or branched-chain) or cyclic, but is preferably chain-like, and more preferably straight-chain.
  • any isomer may be used, and a mixture containing multiple isomers in any ratio may be used.
  • active ingredient compounds of the present invention include, for example, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones such as 3-penten-2-one, 2-hexen-3-one, 3-hepten-2-one, and 2-octen-4-one; 4-hexenal, 4-heptenal, and 4-hexenal; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as butenal; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones such as 5-octen-2-one; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 5-heptenal, 5-octenal, 5-nonenal; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones such as 6-nonen-2-one; ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 6-octenal, 6-nonenal; and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones such as 7-nonen-2-one.
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 4-hexenal and 4-heptenal
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 5-heptenal, 5-octenal, and 5-nonenal
  • ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals such as 6-octenal and 6-nonenal
  • 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal being more preferred, and 2-hexenal being particularly preferred.
  • the active ingredient compounds of the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
  • the content of the active ingredient compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.001 to about 90% by mass, and preferably about 0.01 to about 50% by mass, based on the total amount of the tolerance enhancer (100% by mass).
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention is a very unstable substance, and since the active ingredient compound of the present invention alone is easily oxidized in the air and changes into a different fragrance component, it has been difficult to maintain the plant tolerance improvement effect for a long period of time.
  • the essential component for maintaining the stability of the active ingredient compound of the present invention, imparting sustained release properties, and maintaining the action effect for a long period of time is triethyl citrate.
  • triethyl citrate commercially available products may be used alone as they are, or may be mixed with other additives as necessary.
  • a "liquid containing triethyl citrate” may be a liquid consisting of triethyl citrate, or may be a liquid containing triethyl citrate and other additives.
  • the "liquid” may be any liquid regardless of viscosity, and may be a solution in which triethyl citrate is dissolved in a liquid inert carrier, or a suspension of a liquid inert carrier and triethyl citrate.
  • a liquid containing triethyl citrate is preferably a liquid consisting of triethyl citrate.
  • the content of triethyl citrate in the tolerance enhancer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10 to about 99.999% by mass, and preferably about 50 to about 99.99% by mass, based on the entire tolerance enhancer (100% by mass).
  • the stabilizing effect (antioxidant effect) of the active ingredient compound of the present invention is excellent, and the tolerance of the plant (heat tolerance, drought tolerance, and other tolerances) can be improved or improved over a long period of time of two months or more.
  • the effect of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention in enhancing or improving plant tolerance lasts for at least two months, and preferably for three months or more, from the start of use.
  • heat resistance means resistance to high temperatures (high temperature conditions) to which the material is temporarily or permanently exposed (high temperature resistance), and a high temperature may be, for example, a temperature of 25°C or higher (e.g., 27 to 70°C), preferably 30°C or higher (e.g., 32 to 60°C), more preferably 35°C or higher (e.g., 38 to 55°C), and particularly 40°C or higher (e.g., 42 to 50°C).
  • drought tolerance refers to the tolerance of a plant to remain viable even in conditions of water scarcity (dry areas or drought) or in land with limited water availability without dying.
  • other resistances refers to environmental stress resistances other than heat resistance and drought resistance, and examples thereof include at least one type of environmental stress resistance selected from injury resistance, light resistance (ultraviolet light resistance), oxidation resistance, low temperature resistance (low temperature resistance), osmotic pressure resistance, and salt tolerance.
  • the tolerance improver of the present invention may be composed of only an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms that does not have an unsaturated bond at the terminal (the active ingredient compound of the present invention) and triethyl citrate, or may be formulated by blending other additives in an appropriate ratio as necessary.
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate can be blended in an appropriate ratio with other additives as necessary, and dissolved, suspended, mixed, impregnated, adsorbed, attached, etc., and formulated into an appropriate dosage form, such as a suspension, emulsion suspension, emulsion, liquid, wettable powder, wettable granule, granule, powder, tablet, jumbo, etc., for use.
  • liquids are preferred, and the liquids may be used as they are, or may be impregnated into a solid inert carrier.
  • Examples of “other additives” that can be incorporated into the resistance improver of the present invention include inert carriers, adjuvants, etc.
  • the inert carrier may be either solid or liquid.
  • solid inert carriers include vegetable powders (e.g., soybean flour, grain flour, wood flour, bark powder, sawdust, tobacco stem powder, walnut shell powder, bran, cellulose powder, spherical cellulose, etc.), synthetic polymers such as ground synthetic resins, clays (e.g., kaolin, bentonite, acid clay, etc.), talcs (e.g., talc, pyrophyllite, etc.), silicas (e.g., diatomaceous earth, silica sand, mica, calcium silicate, etc.), activated carbon, natural minerals (e.g., sulfur powder, pumice, attapulgite, zeolite, etc.), calcined diatomaceous earth, crushed bricks, fly ash, sand, plastic carriers (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.), inorganic mineral powders (e.g.,
  • an inert carrier to be impregnated with the composition of the present invention a tablet of calcium silicate powder (Floralet (registered trademark); manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.), biodegradable spherical cellulose (Viscopal (registered trademark); manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.), etc. are preferred.
  • Liquid inert carriers include, for example, water, alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ethers (e.g., ethyl ether, dioxane, cellosolve, dipropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., kerosene, mineral oil, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, alkylnaphthalene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc
  • Adjuvants may be added as necessary and may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
  • Surfactants may be used as adjuvants for emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, etc., the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
  • surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene resin acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, alkylaryl sulfonates, naphthalenesulfonic acid condensates, lignin sulfonates, higher alcohol sulfates, etc., but are not limited to these.
  • starch methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, pine oil, rice bran oil, bentonite, lignin sulfonate, etc.
  • auxiliary agent for dispersion stabilization, adhesion, binding, etc. of the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
  • polyethylene glycol (PEG) liquid paraffin, wax, stearates, alkyl phosphates, etc.
  • silicone oil, etc. can be used as an auxiliary agent as an antifoaming agent.
  • volatilization retaining agent e.g., retaining agent, fragrance retainer, etc.
  • an animal retaining agent such as musk, sage, ambergris, etc.
  • a vegetable retaining agent such as cedarwood oil, vetiver oil, oleoresin, balsam, resinoid, etc.
  • an artificial retaining agent such as vanillin, etc.
  • These have a relatively large molecular weight and are poorly volatile, and are therefore suitable as retaining agents.
  • Another preferred volatilization retaining agent or inert carrier that can be blended in the tolerance improver of the present invention is one or more sublimable substances selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecane, tricyclododecane (trade name "Aisawa-D", manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), adamantane, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4,6-tritert-butyl-1,3,5-trioxane, and 2,4,6-triisopropyl-1,3,5-trioxane (trade name " Sunsabri (registered trademark) B", manufactured by Ogawa Fragrance Co., Ltd.).
  • the volatility By adding such a sublimable substance, it is possible to adjust the volatility (volatilization amount, volatilization speed, etc.) of the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
  • the sublimable substance 2,4,6-triisopropyl-1,3,5-trioxane is particularly preferable.
  • the tolerance enhancer of the present invention may contain an appropriate amount of other active ingredients (hereinafter also referred to as “concomitant agents”) as necessary, within the scope of not adversely affecting the tolerance enhancing effect of the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
  • the co-agents include, but are not limited to, agents for resistance to environmental stresses other than heat resistance and drought resistance, pest repellents, insect (bee, etc.) attractants, pest resistance inducers, pheromone disruptors, etc.
  • An example of an agent that provides resistance to environmental stresses other than heat resistance and drought resistance is (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate.
  • pest repellents examples include limonene, pinene, linalool, terpinene, pyrethroid compounds, etc.
  • Examples of attractants for insects include citral, sabinene, ⁇ -pinene, hexenyl acetate, hexyl hexanoate, (E)-2-hexenyl hexanoate, octyl butyrate, and hexyl acetate.
  • pest resistance inducers examples include methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and ⁇ -ocimene.
  • Examples of pheromone disruptors include (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, and octyl butyrate.
  • Plants to which the tolerance improving agent of the present invention can be applied are not particularly limited as long as they have stomata.
  • Agricultural and horticultural plants are preferred.
  • Specific plants include, for example, cereals (rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, corn, etc.), beans (soybeans, adzuki beans, broad beans, peas, peanuts, etc.), fruit trees and fruits (apples, citrus fruits, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, cherries, walnuts, almonds, bananas, strawberries, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomato, eggplant, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, onion, green onion, bell pepper, etc.), root vegetables (carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, turnips, etc.), and processed foods.
  • the tolerance enhancer of the present invention may be applied to the target plant or a cultivation carrier for the target plant in an effective amount for inducing tolerance in the target plant, either as is or after appropriate dilution with water or the like.
  • application methods such as direct spraying on the target plant, root treatment, row treatment, and soil incorporation can be suitably used.
  • the hydroponic solution in hydroponic cultivation may be treated with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention.
  • a method of applying the tolerance enhancer of the present invention to a cultivation carrier that is, root treatment, row treatment, soil incorporation, hydroponic solution treatment, etc.
  • a cultivation carrier that is, root treatment, row treatment, soil incorporation, hydroponic solution treatment, etc.
  • the active ingredient compound of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention can be volatilized (vaporized) to treat the plant (allow it to reach the plant).
  • the timing of treating the plant with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to treat the plant with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention before the time when high temperature damage is expected to occur.
  • the term "cultivation carrier” refers to a support for cultivating plants, and may be any material on which plants can grow. Examples include various types of soil, seedling mats, water, etc. Specific examples include sand, vermiculite, cotton, paper, diatomaceous earth, agar, gel-like substances, polymeric substances, rock wool, glass wool, wood chips, bark, pumice, etc.
  • the amount of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention used (application amount, treatment amount) varies depending on the blending ratio of the active ingredient compound of the present invention, weather conditions, formulation form, application time, application method, application location, target plant, etc., but typically, the active ingredient compound of the present invention is applied in an amount appropriately selected from the range of about 0.001 g to about 10 g per are per day, preferably about 0.005 to about 1 g.
  • the amount of triethyl citrate used (application amount, treatment amount) is typically about 0.5 g to 10 g, preferably about 1 g to 8 g, and more preferably about 2 g to 5 g, per 1 g of the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms.
  • the method for improving resistance of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for applying the resistance improver of the present invention to a plant.
  • a method for treating a plant by volatilizing the active ingredient compound of the present invention in an enclosed space such as a vinyl house to continuously improve or improve the heat resistance and drought resistance of the plant for two months or more is as follows:
  • a method for improving the tolerance of a plant (the tolerance improving method of the present invention) is preferred, which comprises: (1) a step of mixing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenals, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenones, with
  • the active ingredient compound of the resistance improving agent of the present invention used in the resistance improving method of the present invention can be an unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond (i.e., carbon-carbon double bond) at the terminal, as described above, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and more preferably ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal (particularly preferably 2-hexenal).
  • unsaturated carbonyl compound active ingredient compound of the present invention having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond (i.e., carbon-carbon double bond) at the terminal, as described above, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and more preferably
  • the method for improving resistance of the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the equipment used, so long as it includes the steps of mixing the active ingredient compound of the present invention with triethyl citrate to prepare a composition containing them (the composition of the present invention), and discharging (volatilizing) the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere (i.e., the steps (1) and (2) above).
  • the resistance improvement method of the present invention includes, for example, preparing the composition of the present invention by the above-mentioned step (1), evenly spraying or dropping a specific amount (saturated loading amount) of the composition of the present invention onto an inert carrier containing a sublimable substance, thoroughly mixing, and then pulverizing the mixture with a hammer mill as necessary, and pressurizing the mixture with a molding machine such as a tabletting machine, briquette machine, or pelletizer to produce tablets containing the composition of the present invention.
  • the tablets can then be placed in a container and used in a cultivation facility, or hung from the supports of the cultivation facility, the tops of plant stocks, etc., to release the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere.
  • the gelling agent is stirred and suspended in purified water, autoclaved (about 120°C, 5 minutes), cooled to about 40°C, and a surfactant is added to prepare a gel base.
  • the gel base is poured into a container containing the composition of the present invention prepared in step (1) above and an inert carrier, stirred and mixed, and then allowed to stand until the gel solidifies, thereby producing a semi-solid preparation (gel-like preparation) containing the composition of the present invention.
  • the semi-solid preparation (gel-like preparation) can be placed in a container and used in a cultivation facility, or hung from a support of the cultivation facility, the top of a plant stock, etc., to release the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere.
  • the container for storing the tablet or semi-solid preparation (gel preparation) containing the composition of the present invention is not limited in any way, and any conventional technology in the relevant technical field can be used, but it is preferable that the container has a hook for hanging from a support of a cultivation facility, the top of a plant stock, etc., or a specific hole (not for ventilation) for hanging from the top of a plant stock, etc.
  • the shape of the container is not particularly limited, and may be any shape that can store the composition of the present invention and has an opening (including a small hole) in a portion thereof, or a shape that allows the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention to pass through (volatilize), and is preferably bag-shaped.
  • the container may have a part (e.g., mouth, side window) covered with a transparent resin film so that the reduction or disappearance of the contained composition of the present invention can be easily confirmed visually.
  • transparent resin films include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), and 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polyolefins (trade name "TPX”, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.), as well as transparent multilayer films such as polypropylene multilayer sheets (trade name "Multiray”, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.), and multilayer sheets mainly made of acrylonitrile-based plastic resins (trade name "Zecron”, manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.).
  • a preferred embodiment of the container is one in which the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention are enclosed in an impermeable packaging material, and a part of the packaging material is opened or a specific hole for ventilation is formed in a specific ratio when the container is used.
  • the material of the packaging material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include glass, ceramic, metal, plastic, etc.
  • plastic packaging material it is necessary that the material is impermeable to the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention, and examples of such materials include polyester (PET, PBT, etc.), polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyamide, etc.
  • a more preferred embodiment of the container is a container (preferably a bag) having an intermediate layer with gas barrier properties.
  • a flexible bag-shaped soft packaging material having an intermediate layer covered with an inorganic material (aluminum foil or silica vapor deposition) with gas barrier properties that is impermeable to the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention is preferred, and an aluminum vapor deposition laminate film bag is more preferred.
  • the container is, for example, a bag-shaped container in which both or one side of a flexible bag is made of Japanese paper or nonwoven fabric with the inside laminated with a drug-permeable film that allows the liquid components and sublimable substances in the composition to pass through, or a long-fiber nonwoven fabric manufactured by a lamination and spreading method, and in the case of one side, the other side is made of a gas-barrier film (drug-impermeable film) that does not allow the liquid components and sublimable substances in the composition to pass through.
  • a gas-barrier film drug-impermeable film
  • Examples of the drug-impermeable film include polyester (PET, PBT, etc.), polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyamide, etc., and examples of the drug-impermeable film include polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), etc.
  • PET polyester
  • PBT polyacrylonitrile
  • PP polypropylene
  • EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
  • the bag-shaped container containing the composition of the present invention can be further stored in a drug-impermeable outer bag, sealed, stored, and sold, and the bag-shaped container can be removed from the outer bag when used and used as is.
  • Specific examples of such containers include the containers described in WO 2021/186778.
  • a more preferred example of the resistance improvement method of the present invention is a method using a resistance improvement agent generating device as exemplified below.
  • the use of the resistance improvement agent generating device described below is preferable from the standpoint of reducing the burden on agricultural workers (preparation of each component, weighing effort, formulation process, contamination and injury of hands, etc.) and maintaining the reproducibility of the action and effect.
  • the resistance improvement method of the present invention is preferably a method using a resistance improver generator as exemplified below.
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention in a separated state can be mixed with a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate in a simple operation to form a composition, whereby the active ingredient compound of the present invention is stabilized and released continuously into the atmosphere, thereby enabling the heat resistance and drought resistance of the plant to be continuously improved or improved over a long period of time.
  • a preferred embodiment of the tolerance improver generating device that can be used in the steps (1) and (2) of the tolerance improvement method of the present invention is a tolerance improver generating device (tolerance improver generating device (1) of the present invention), which is characterized in that a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes contains at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) (internal liquid) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and an absorbent material is placed to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if there is no emission hole, and a liquid agent
  • tolerance enhancer generating device (2) of the present invention contains a first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) (internal liquid 1) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, in a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes, and an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if there is no emission hole, and a second breakable container containing triethyl citrate (internal liquid 2) is placed in the flexible container outside the first breakable container
  • the flexible container may further contain a third fracturable container containing the co-agent and/or other additives (internal liquid 3) in addition to the first fracturable container containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention (internal liquid 1) and the second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate (internal liquid 2).
  • the tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (2') of the present invention) may be characterized in that, instead of storing the internal liquid 1 and the internal liquid 2 in separate fracturable containers inside the flexible container, at least one fracturable container containing a pre-prepared composition containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate is stored inside the flexible container.
  • the device described in JP 2017-6100 A can also be used.
  • a tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention includes a cylindrical flexible container with a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one liquid (internal liquid) containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenal, ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, and ⁇ , ⁇ -alkenone, which is inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container.
  • the tolerance improver generating device (the tolerance improver generating device (3) of the present invention) includes a fracturable container, a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side surface, and a liquid agent (external liquid) containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container.
  • the tolerance improver generating device (3) of the present invention is capable of preventing the composition of the present invention from leaking out by having a mounting device attached to the bottom.
  • the fracturable container containing the internal liquid contained in the flexible container may be one or two or more.
  • tolerance enhancer generator (3) of the present invention is a tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (4) of the present invention) characterized in that, in addition to a fracturable container (first fracturable container) containing the active ingredient compound (internal liquid 1) of the present invention, another fracturable container (second fracturable container) containing a liquid agent (internal liquid 2) containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container, instead of containing triethyl citrate. Furthermore, another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generator (4) of the present invention may contain yet another fracturable container (third fracturable container) containing a liquid agent (internal liquid 3) containing the co-agent and/or other additives.
  • the tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (4') of the present invention) may be characterized in that, instead of storing the internal liquid 1 and the internal liquid 2 in separate fracturable containers in the internal storage space of the flexible container, at least one fracturable container containing a pre-prepared composition containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate is stored.
  • a holder having at least one opening can be further provided between the flexible container and the permeable membrane (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention").
  • the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention has a structure having a hole (opening) that allows the composition of the present invention to pass through while playing a role in protecting the permeable membrane so that the breakable container and its fragments do not directly touch and damage the permeable membrane during storage when the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention is not used or is broken during use.
  • the material of such a holder is not particularly limited, but a resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., nylon), and polyvinyl chloride can be preferably used.
  • the external liquid (liquid agent containing triethyl citrate) contained in the flexible container acts as a buffer, which has the advantage of preventing the fracturable container (glass ampoule) from cracking due to shaking during transportation (when not in use) of the resistance enhancer generators (1), (3), and (5).
  • the flexible container in the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention may be transparent, opaque, or colored.
  • the material of the flexible container is not particularly limited as long as it is a flexible material, and resin materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., nylon), and polyvinyl chloride can be preferably used.
  • a long and thin cylindrical container (stick-type container) is shown in Figures 1 to 3, but the shape is not limited to this.
  • the container may have one emission hole (or opening) as shown in Figures 1 to 3, or multiple holes may be provided on the container surface.
  • the active ingredient compound of the present invention is released into the atmosphere through the emission hole (or opening) or from the surface of the resin flexible container.
  • the fracturable container in the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention is preferably a glass container, particularly a glass ampoule.
  • a glass container particularly a glass ampoule.
  • a thin one that can be broken with finger pressure is used.
  • the thickness of such glass is particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm.
  • the absorbent material in the resistance enhancer generators (1), (2) and (2') of the present invention is a material made of natural or synthetic fiber or porous material, and has the function of temporarily absorbing the active ingredient and the like and the function of preventing glass fragments from escaping.
  • the absorbent material may be attached near the emission hole as shown in Figure 1, or may be attached by wrapping it around the breakable container (glass ampoule).
  • the permeable membrane in the tolerance enhancer generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention means a membrane that allows the vaporized active ingredient to pass through, and the permeability can be adjusted by selecting a material that matches the characteristics of the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
  • the permeable membrane is preferably fixed to the outer periphery of the bottom of the generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) by thermal welding or ultrasonic welding.
  • the material of the permeable membrane is not particularly limited, but by using a thin film that is the same as the material of the flexible container, welding and fixing are ensured.
  • the mounting device in the resistance enhancer generating devices (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention is attached so as to fit into the bottom surface of an elongated cylindrical flexible container with an open bottom.
  • the outer peripheral size of the mounting device corresponds to the inner diameter of the bottom of the flexible container.
  • the mounting device has a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, with a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side surface.
  • the through hole and the voids provided in the mounting device connect the flexible container to the outside via a permeable membrane.
  • the active ingredient released from the breakable container (glass ampoule) containing the active ingredient compound (internal liquid) of the present invention is mixed with the liquid agent (external liquid) containing triethyl citrate in the flexible container, or the triethyl citrate released from the breakable container (glass ampoule) containing the liquid agent (internal liquid 2) containing triethyl citrate to form a composition, which accumulates inside the permeable membrane between the flexible container and the attachment.
  • This accumulated composition remains in the flexible container due to the permeable membrane, but is volatilized (released) into the atmosphere due to the permeability of the permeable membrane.
  • the material of the attachment is not particularly limited, but it is preferably the same as the material of the flexible container.
  • the tolerance-improving agent generating device of the present invention preferably has a hook for hanging it from a support of a cultivation facility (e.g., a vinyl greenhouse, etc.) or the top of a plant, or a specific hole (other than the aforementioned emission hole) for hanging it on the top of a plant.
  • a cultivation facility e.g., a vinyl greenhouse, etc.
  • a specific hole other than the aforementioned emission hole
  • the flexible container When using the tolerance enhancer generator of the present invention, the flexible container is bent with the force of fingers or the like, causing the breakable container (glass ampoule) inside to break, and the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the liquid agent containing triethyl citrate, which are in a separated state, are mixed together to form a composition, which passes through the absorbent material and is released (volatilized) into the atmosphere from the emission holes in the container or the surface of the flexible resin container.
  • the manufacturing method of the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably, for example, a small emission hole is provided at one or both ends of a cylindrical flexible container (length 20 mm to 200 mm, outer diameter 3 mm to 12 mm, wall thickness 0.2 mm to 3 mm). An absorbent material is filled inside the emission hole.
  • the breakable container is made of a glass ampule, has a long and narrow shape along the length of the container, and has a sharp heat-sealed opening.
  • the device can be manufactured by making the opening at the tip of the ampule narrower in order to fill and heat-seal the ampule with a liquid containing a volatile component such as the active ingredient compound of the present invention, and after adding the active ingredient, etc., the opening is instantly melted with heat and heat-sealed.
  • the quality and reproducibility of the action and effect of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention can be efficiently maintained without imposing a burden on agricultural workers (preparation of each component, the labor of weighing, formulation process, contamination and injury of hands, etc.).
  • the resistance enhancer generator of the present invention After the active ingredient compound of the present invention has evaporated, it is preferable to discard the resistance enhancer generator of the present invention and replace it with a new one. However, since the attachment devices of the resistance enhancer generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention can be detached, it is also possible to discard only the residual liquid after the active ingredient compound of the present invention has evaporated and refill it with a separately prepared composition of the present invention and reuse it.
  • the compounds used in the following examples, comparative examples and test examples are 2-hexenal (trade name: LAL (trans-2-hexenal); manufactured by JNC Corporation), triethyl citrate (trade name: Citroflex 2 (registered trademark), manufactured by Morimura Shoji Co., Ltd.), 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-trioxane (trade name: Sansabri B (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "SSB”); manufactured by Ogawa Fragrance Co., Ltd.), Floralette (registered trademark) (diameter approximately 23 mm, thickness approximately 8 mm, weight 1.35 g) (manufactured by LETS ONE Corporation), biodegradable spherical cellulose (trade name: Viscopearl (registered trademark); manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.), olive oil (trade name: Extra virgin olive oil; manufactured by Garcia de la Cruz), and linseed oil (trade name : Nisshin linseed
  • Patent Document 2 WO 2016/031775
  • 2-hexenal was used as the active ingredient compound of the present invention to investigate the durability of the effect, and the presence or absence of the odor of 2-hexenal and its deterioration over time in the presence or absence of various additives were investigated.
  • sample preparation The methods for preparing the samples of the Examples and Comparative Examples used in the following Test Examples will be described below.
  • Example 1 In the generator shown in FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and a flexible container (1) containing triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed inside the flexible container (1). The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
  • Example 2 In the generating device of FIG. 2, a glass ampoule (9) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (10) and triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid (8) were placed in the storage space (7) of the flexible container. The glass ampoule (9) was then broken by bending and then hung in a vinyl greenhouse for use in the following test examples.
  • Example 3 In the generator shown in FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) and triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid (20) was placed inside the generator, which was then folded to break the glass ampoule (18), after which it was hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the test examples described below.
  • Example 4 In the generator of FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) and triethyl citrate (1.71 g (1.5 mL)) and PEG 400 (1.70 g (1.5 mL)) as the external liquid (20) was placed inside the generator. The glass ampoule (18) was then bent to break and was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse for use in the following test examples.
  • Example 5 2-Hexenal (0.5 g) and triethyl citrate (0.5 g) were impregnated into Floralet (registered trademark) (manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.) (1.35 g) (diameter about 23 mm, thickness about 8 mm), which was placed on a plate and left open for the following test example.
  • Floralet registered trademark
  • Example 6 2-Hexenal (0.5 g) and triethyl citrate (1.5 g) were impregnated into Floralet (registered trademark) (manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.) (1.35 g) (diameter about 23 mm, thickness about 8 mm), which was placed on a plate and left open for the following test example.
  • Floralet registered trademark
  • Example 7 2-Hexenal (1.0 g) and triethyl citrate (1.1 g) were impregnated into Viscopal (registered trademark) (manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.) (15 cc), and the resulting product was placed in an aluminum vapor-deposited laminate film bag (outer dimensions 100 mm x 100 mm) similar to FIG. 1 of WO 2021/186778. Both sides were cut (opening 3 cm) and used in the following test example.
  • the present invention provides a plant resistance enhancer that can continuously improve or enhance the heat resistance, drought resistance, etc. of plants for more than two months, and that can be used throughout one season (the summer period of more than two months) in agricultural fields without the need for frequent replacement, a resistance improvement method that uses the resistance enhancer, and an apparatus that generates the resistance enhancer simply and effectively.
  • the plant tolerance enhancer generating device described in the embodiment is an example to illustrate the gist of the present invention, and includes modifications and alterations that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a resistance-improving agent for enhancing or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants sustainably over a long period of time. The present invention relates to a resistance-improving agent that is for enhancing or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants sustainably over a period of two months or more and contains: an unsaturated carbonyl compound that does not have any terminal unsaturated bonds, has 4-9 carbon atoms, and is at least one substance selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones; and triethyl citrate. The present invention also relates to an apparatus for generating the resistance-improving agent.

Description

長期間持続可能な作用を有する植物の耐性向上剤Plant tolerance enhancers with long-lasting effects
　本発明は、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を長期間持続的に向上又は改善させるための耐性向上剤に関する。本発明は、また、当該耐性向上剤を発生させる発生器具にも関する。 The present invention relates to a tolerance enhancer for sustainably enhancing or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants over a long period of time. The present invention also relates to a generating device for generating the tolerance enhancer.
　近年の地球温暖化により、夏季の高温障害は農業現場で大きな問題となっている。従来、高温障害を防止するために、屋外での日よけの設置やハウスでの換気扇の設置等が行われているが、多額の費用を要するため容易に実施できるものではない。それ故、多くの農業現場で容易に利用可能な植物の高温耐性誘導剤の開発が望まれている。 Due to global warming in recent years, damage caused by high temperatures in the summer has become a major problem in agricultural fields. Conventionally, measures such as installing sunshades outdoors and installing ventilation fans in greenhouses have been taken to prevent damage caused by high temperatures, but these are not easy to implement due to the high costs involved. Therefore, there is a need to develop a high-temperature resistance inducer for plants that can be easily used in many agricultural fields.
　このような状況下、エチルビニルケトンやヒドロキシアクロレインのような特定の化合物が、植物の高温耐性を誘導することが報告されている（特許文献１）。また、特定の不飽和アルデヒド及び不飽和ケトンから選択される少なくとも１種の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、耐熱性（高温耐性）及び耐乾燥性のみならず、他の耐性（耐傷害性、耐光性等）も向上又は改善できることも報告されている（特許文献２）。これら耐性向上剤は、遺伝子組み換えによらずとも、耐熱性、耐乾燥性等の耐性を改善又は向上できるため、遺伝子組換え作物の作付けが禁止されている国での利用や従来品種に対して効果が期待されている。 Under these circumstances, it has been reported that certain compounds such as ethyl vinyl ketone and hydroxyacrolein induce high temperature tolerance in plants (Patent Document 1). It has also been reported that at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound selected from certain unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated ketones can improve or enhance not only heat tolerance (high temperature tolerance) and drought tolerance, but also other tolerances (injury tolerance, light tolerance, etc.) (Patent Document 2). These tolerance enhancers can improve or enhance tolerances such as heat tolerance and drought tolerance without relying on genetic modification, so they are expected to be effective in countries where the cultivation of genetically modified crops is prohibited and for conventional varieties.
　上記耐性向上剤は、２～３週間（１カ月以内）程度、耐性向上効果が持続することが確認されているが、有効成分化合物が分子構造上、酸化等により変質しやすく、非常に不安定であるため、ワンシーズン（２カ月以上の夏の期間）通して使用可能な耐性向上剤についての報告例はない。 It has been confirmed that the resistance-improving effects of the above-mentioned resistance enhancers last for about 2 to 3 weeks (within one month), but because the molecular structure of the active ingredient compounds makes them susceptible to deterioration due to oxidation, etc. and very unstable, there have been no reports of resistance enhancers that can be used throughout an entire season (the summer period of 2 months or more).
　農業現場において、作業の利便性の向上が望まれる中、頻繁な交換を必要とせず、長期間持続可能な作用を有する植物の耐性向上剤の開発が切望されている。 As agricultural workers seek to improve the convenience of their work, there is a strong need to develop plant resistance-enhancing agents that do not require frequent replacement and have a long-lasting effect.
特開２０１１－１５７３０７号公報JP 2011-157307 A 国際公開第２０１６／０３１７７５号International Publication No. 2016/031775
　本発明は、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を長期間（２カ月以上）持続的に向上又は改善させるための耐性向上剤を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention aims to provide a tolerance enhancer that can sustainably improve or enhance the heat and drought resistance of plants for a long period of time (two months or more).
　本発明者は、かかる課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、有効成分として、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を使用し、さらに、クエン酸トリエチルを含有させることにより、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善することが可能な植物の耐性向上剤を初めて見出すと共に、当該耐性向上剤の効果的な発生方法、及び当該耐性向上剤の発生器具を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The inventors conducted extensive research to solve this problem, and as a result, they discovered for the first time a plant tolerance enhancer that can continuously improve or enhance the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more by using as an active ingredient at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bonds at the terminals, which is selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, and further containing triethyl citrate. They also discovered an effective method for generating said tolerance enhancer and an apparatus for generating said tolerance enhancer, and thus completed the present invention.
　すなわち、本発明は、以下の通りである。
［１］α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物、及びクエン酸トリエチルを含有する、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善させるための耐性向上剤（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤」と称することもある。）。
［２］末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、上記［１］に記載の耐性向上剤。
［３］末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナールである、上記［１］に記載の耐性向上剤。
［４］（１）α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物と、クエン酸トリエチルを混合し、それらを含む組成物（以下、「本発明の組成物」と称することもある。）を調製する工程、及び
（２）上記末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を大気中に放出する工程
を含む、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善させる方法（以下、「本発明の耐性向上方法」と称することもある。）。
［５］末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、上記［４］に記載の方法。
［６］末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナールである、上記［４］に記載の方法。
［７］前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［８］発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、前記（１）の工程により得られた、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材が配置されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより前記（２）の工程を行うことを特徴とする、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［９］前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記第１破割性容器及び第２破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［１０］前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ前記破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［１１］上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、前記（１）の工程により得られた、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有することを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより前記（２）の工程を行うことを特徴とする、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［１２］前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、上記［４］～［６］のいずれかに記載の方法。
［１３］発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１）」と称することもある。）。
［１４］発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２）」と称することもある。）。
［１５］発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材が配置されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２’）」と称することもある。）。
［１６］上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ前記破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）」と称することもある。）。
［１７］上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４）」と称することもある。）。
［１８］上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有することを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４’）」と称することもある。）。
［１９］前記可撓性容器と前記透過膜の間に、少なくとも１つの開口部を有する保持具をさらに有することを特徴とする、上記［１６］～［１８］のいずれかに記載の発生器具（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（５）」と称することもある。）。
［２０］可撓性容器が、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、及びポリ塩化ビニルからなる群より選択される樹脂製であり、且つ破割性容器が、ガラスアンプルである、上記［１３］～［１９］のいずれかに記載の発生器具。 That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] A tolerance improver for sustainably improving or enhancing the heat tolerance and drought tolerance of a plant for two months or more, comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, and triethyl citrate.
[2] The tolerance improver according to the above [1], wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenal.
[3] The tolerance improver according to the above [1], wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is an α,β-alkenal.
[4] A method for continuously improving or enhancing the heat tolerance and drought tolerance of a plant for two months or more, comprising: (1) a step of mixing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, with triethyl citrate, and preparing a composition containing them (hereinafter, also referred to as the "composition of the present invention"); and (2) a step of releasing the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond into the atmosphere (hereinafter, also referred to as the "method of improving tolerance of the present invention").
[5] The method according to the above [4], wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenals.
[6] The method according to the above [4], wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is an α,β-alkenal.
[7] The method according to any one of [4] to [6] above, wherein the steps (1) and (2) are carried out by bending the flexible container and breaking the flexible container using a tolerance improving agent generating device, characterized in that at least one breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which may be provided with one or more emission holes, is accommodated in the flexible container, an absorbent material is arranged so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is accommodated in the flexible container outside the breakable container.
[8] The method according to any one of [4] to [6] above, characterized in that at least one breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone obtained by the step (1), and a composition containing triethyl citrate is placed in a flexible container which may have one or more emission holes, and the flexible container is bent and the breakable container is broken using a tolerance improving agent generating device characterized in that an absorbent material is arranged so as to block the emission hole when the flexible container has an emission hole, or at an end when the flexible container does not have an emission hole, to carry out the step (2).
[9] The steps (1) and (2) are carried out by bending the flexible container and breaking the first and second breakable containers using a tolerance improving agent generating device, characterized in that a first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at its terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which may have one or more emission holes, is accommodated in a flexible container, and an absorbent material is arranged to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a second breakable container containing triethyl citrate is accommodated in the flexible container outside the first breakable container. The method according to any of the above [4] to [6].
[10] The steps (1) and (2) include a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, at least one fracturable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, an attachment attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a combination of the attachment and the flexible container. and a permeable membrane attached between the flexible container and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container. The method according to any one of [4] to [6] above, which is carried out by bending the flexible container and fracturing the fracturable container using a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for two months or more.
[11] A cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the breakable container containing a composition comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone obtained by the step (1), and triethyl citrate, and a flexible container having a bottom portion and a breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the composition comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and triethyl citrate, The method according to any one of [4] to [6] above, characterized in that the step (2) is carried out by bending the flexible container and breaking the breakable container using a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of a plant for two months or more, the device comprising a mounting device to be attached to the flexible container and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side surface.
[12] The steps (1) and (2) include a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, a first breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container and containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a mounting member attached between the mounting device and the flexible container. The method according to any one of [4] to [6] above, characterized in that the flexible container is folded and the fracturable container is broken using a tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for two months or more, the flexible container is provided with a permeable membrane attached thereto, the mounting device has a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device has a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side, and a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is housed inside the flexible container outside the first fracturable container.
[13] A device for generating a tolerance improver for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for more than two months, characterized in that at least one breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which may be provided with one or more emission holes, is contained in the flexible container, and an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole when the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end when the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container (hereinafter, it may be referred to as the "durability improver generating device (1) of the present invention").
[14] A first fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which may be provided with one or more emission holes, is contained in the flexible container, and an absorbent material is placed to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if there is no emission hole, and a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the first fracturable container, characterized in that the second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container (hereinafter, it may be referred to as the "fracturable agent generating device (2) of the present invention").
[15] A device for generating a tolerance improver for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for more than two months, characterized in that at least one breakable container is accommodated in a flexible container which may have one or more emission holes, and contains an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and an absorbent material is arranged to block the emission hole when the flexible container has an emission hole, or to the end when the flexible container does not have an emission hole (hereinafter, this may be referred to as the "durability improver generating device (2') of the present invention).
[16] A cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, at least one fracturable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, an attachment attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a coupling device between the attachment and the front end. A tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and desiccation resistance of a plant for two months or more, characterized in that the device has a permeable membrane attached between the flexible container and the mounting device, the mounting device has a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device has a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container (hereinafter, this may be referred to as the ``tolerance improving agent generating device (3) of the present invention'').
[17] A cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom; a first breakable container to be inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone; an attachment to be attached to the bottom of the flexible container; and a combination of the attachment and the flexible container. a permeable membrane attached between the flexible container and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side, and a second frangible container containing triethyl citrate is accommodated inside the flexible container outside the first frangible container (hereinafter, also referred to as the "frangible container (4) of the present invention").
[18] A cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one breakable container inserted into an internal storage space of the flexible container, the breakable container containing a composition including an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at a terminal, the unsaturated carbonyl compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and triethyl citrate. A tolerance improving agent generating device for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of a plant for two months or more, comprising: a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container; and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and having one or more voids on the side (hereinafter, also referred to as the "tolerance improving agent generating device (4') of the present invention").
[19] The generator according to any one of [16] to [18] above, further comprising a holder having at least one opening between the flexible container and the permeable membrane (hereinafter, also referred to as the "resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention").
[20] The generator according to any one of [13] to [19] above, wherein the flexible container is made of a resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide, and polyvinyl chloride, and the fracturable container is a glass ampoule.
　これまでワンシーズン通して使用可能な植物の耐性向上剤についての報告例はなかった。本発明によれば、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物、及びクエン酸トリエチルを含有する組成物を使用することにより、植物の耐熱性、耐乾燥性等の耐性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善することができ、これにより、農業現場において、頻繁な交換を必要とせず、ワンシーズン（２カ月以上の夏の期間）通して使用可能な植物の耐性向上剤を提供することができる。また、本発明によれば、当該耐性向上剤を、簡便且つ効果的に発生させる器具も提供することができる。 　Until now, there have been no reports of plant tolerance enhancers that can be used throughout one season. According to the present invention, by using a composition containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and triethyl citrate, it is possible to continuously improve or improve the heat resistance, drought resistance, and other resistances of plants for two months or more, and thus it is possible to provide a plant tolerance enhancer that can be used throughout one season (two or more summer months) in agricultural fields without the need for frequent replacement. In addition, according to the present invention, it is also possible to provide a tool that generates the tolerance enhancer simply and effectively.
図１は、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１）の一態様の断面図を示す。FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of a resistance enhancer generating device (1) of the present invention. 図２は、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）の一態様の断面図及び分解図を示す。FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view and an exploded view of one embodiment of the resistance enhancer generator device (3) of the present invention. 図３は、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（５）の一態様の断面図及び部分拡大図を示す。FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view and a partially enlarged view of one embodiment of the resistance enhancer generating device (5) of the present invention.
　以下、本発明について詳細に説明する。 The present invention will be described in detail below.
（本発明の耐性向上剤）
　本発明の耐性向上剤における有効成分は、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合（すなわち、炭素－炭素二重結合）を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（以下、「本発明の有効成分化合物」と称することもある。）である。本発明の有効成分化合物は、好ましくは、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種であり、より好ましくは、α，β－アルケナール（特に好ましくは、２－ヘキセナールである。）である。 (Tolerance improver of the present invention)
The active ingredient in the tolerance improver of the present invention is an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond (i.e., carbon-carbon double bond), which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as the "active ingredient compound of the present invention"). The active ingredient compound of the present invention is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenal, and more preferably α,β-alkenal (particularly preferably 2-hexenal).
　本発明の有効成分化合物は、鎖状（直鎖状又は分岐鎖状）、及び環状のいずれであってもよいが、好ましくは、鎖状であり、より好ましくは、直鎖状である。 The active ingredient compound of the present invention may be either chain-like (straight-chain or branched-chain) or cyclic, but is preferably chain-like, and more preferably straight-chain.
　本発明の有効成分化合物が、異性体（Ｅ体、Ｚ体等）を有する場合、いずれの異性体を使用してもよく、また、複数の異性体を任意の比率で含む混合物を使用してもよい。 When the active ingredient compound of the present invention has isomers (E-isomer, Z-isomer, etc.), any isomer may be used, and a mixture containing multiple isomers in any ratio may be used.
　本発明の有効成分化合物の具体例としては、例えば、２－ブテナール、２－ペンテナール、２－ヘキセナール、２－ヘプテナール、２－オクテナール、２－ノネナール等のα，β－アルケナール；３－ペンテン－２－オン、２－ヘキセン－３－オン、３－ヘプテン－２－オン、２－オクテン－４－オン等のα，β－アルケノン；４－ヘキセナール、４－ヘプテナール等のγ，δ－アルケナール；５－オクテン－２－オン等のγ，δ－アルケノン；５－ヘプテナール、５－オクテナール、５－ノネナール等のδ，ε－アルケナール；６－ノネン－２－オン等のδ，ε－アルケノン；６－オクテナール、６－ノネナール等のε，ζ－アルケナール；及び７－ノネン－２－オン等のε，ζ－アルケノン等が挙げられる。中でも、２－ブテナール、２－ペンテナール、２－ヘキセナール、２－ヘプテナール、２－オクテナール、２－ノネナール等のα，β－アルケナール；４－ヘキセナール、４－ヘプテナール等のγ，δ－アルケナール；５－ヘプテナール、５－オクテナール、５－ノネナール等のδ，ε－アルケナール；６－オクテナール、６－ノネナール等のε，ζ－アルケナールが好ましく、２－ブテナール、２－ペンテナール、２－ヘキセナール、２－ヘプテナール、２－オクテナール、２－ノネナール等のα，β－アルケナールがより好ましく、２－ヘキセナールが特に好ましい。 Specific examples of the active ingredient compounds of the present invention include, for example, α,β-alkenals such as 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal; α,β-alkenones such as 3-penten-2-one, 2-hexen-3-one, 3-hepten-2-one, and 2-octen-4-one; 4-hexenal, 4-heptenal, and 4-hexenal; γ,δ-alkenals such as butenal; γ,δ-alkenones such as 5-octen-2-one; δ,ε-alkenals such as 5-heptenal, 5-octenal, 5-nonenal; δ,ε-alkenones such as 6-nonen-2-one; ε,ζ-alkenals such as 6-octenal, 6-nonenal; and ε,ζ-alkenones such as 7-nonen-2-one. Among these, α,β-alkenals such as 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal; γ,δ-alkenals such as 4-hexenal and 4-heptenal; δ,ε-alkenals such as 5-heptenal, 5-octenal, and 5-nonenal; and ε,ζ-alkenals such as 6-octenal and 6-nonenal are preferred, with α,β-alkenals such as 2-butenal, 2-pentenal, 2-hexenal, 2-heptenal, 2-octenal, and 2-nonenal being more preferred, and 2-hexenal being particularly preferred.
　本発明の有効成分化合物は、単独で、又は２種以上組み合わせて使用してもよい。 The active ingredient compounds of the present invention may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
　本発明の有効成分化合物の含量は、特に限定されないが、耐性向上剤全体（１００質量％）に対して、通常、約０．００１～約９０質量％であり、好ましくは、約０．０１～約５０質量％である。 The content of the active ingredient compound of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually about 0.001 to about 90% by mass, and preferably about 0.01 to about 50% by mass, based on the total amount of the tolerance enhancer (100% by mass).
　本発明の有効成分化合物は、非常に不安定な物質であり、本発明の有効成分化合物のみでは、容易に空気中で酸化されて、別の香り成分へと変化するため、植物の耐性向上効果を長期間持続させることは困難であった。本発明の耐性向上剤において、本発明の有効成分化合物の安定性を保持し、徐放性を付与し、作用効果を長期間持続させるための必須成分は、クエン酸トリエチルである。クエン酸トリエチルとしては、市販品をそのまま単独で使用してもよく、又は必要に応じて他の添加剤と混合して使用してもよい。 The active ingredient compound of the present invention is a very unstable substance, and since the active ingredient compound of the present invention alone is easily oxidized in the air and changes into a different fragrance component, it has been difficult to maintain the plant tolerance improvement effect for a long period of time. In the tolerance improver of the present invention, the essential component for maintaining the stability of the active ingredient compound of the present invention, imparting sustained release properties, and maintaining the action effect for a long period of time is triethyl citrate. As triethyl citrate, commercially available products may be used alone as they are, or may be mixed with other additives as necessary.
　本明細書における「クエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤」とは、クエン酸トリエチルからなる液剤であってもよいし、又はクエン酸トリエチル及び他の添加剤を含有する液剤であってもよい。当該「液剤」とは、粘度の如何に依らず、液体であればよく、また、液体の不活性担体にクエン酸トリエチルを溶解させた溶液であっても、液体の不活性担体とクエン酸トリエチルとの懸濁液であってもよい。クエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤として、好ましくはクエン酸トリエチルからなる液剤である。 In this specification, a "liquid containing triethyl citrate" may be a liquid consisting of triethyl citrate, or may be a liquid containing triethyl citrate and other additives. The "liquid" may be any liquid regardless of viscosity, and may be a solution in which triethyl citrate is dissolved in a liquid inert carrier, or a suspension of a liquid inert carrier and triethyl citrate. A liquid containing triethyl citrate is preferably a liquid consisting of triethyl citrate.
　本発明の耐性向上剤におけるクエン酸トリエチルの含量は、特に限定されないが、耐性向上剤全体（１００質量％）に対して、通常、約１０～約９９．９９９質量％であり、好ましくは、約５０～約９９．９９質量％である。クエン酸トリエチルの含量が、上記の範囲内にある場合には、本発明の有効成分化合物の安定化効果（酸化防止効果）に優れ、且つ２カ月以上の長期間に亘って、植物の耐性（耐熱性、耐乾燥性、及び他の耐性）を向上又は改善させることができる。 The content of triethyl citrate in the tolerance enhancer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is usually about 10 to about 99.999% by mass, and preferably about 50 to about 99.99% by mass, based on the entire tolerance enhancer (100% by mass). When the content of triethyl citrate is within the above range, the stabilizing effect (antioxidant effect) of the active ingredient compound of the present invention is excellent, and the tolerance of the plant (heat tolerance, drought tolerance, and other tolerances) can be improved or improved over a long period of time of two months or more.
　本発明の耐性向上剤における植物の耐性（耐熱性、耐乾燥性、及び他の耐性）向上又は改善効果は、使用開始から少なくとも２カ月持続し、好ましくは３カ月以上持続する。 The effect of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention in enhancing or improving plant tolerance (heat tolerance, drought tolerance, and other tolerances) lasts for at least two months, and preferably for three months or more, from the start of use.
　本明細書において、「耐熱性」とは、一時的又は恒常的に晒される高温（高温状態）に対する耐性（高温耐性）を意味し、高温とは、例えば、２５℃以上（例えば、２７～７０℃）、好ましくは３０℃以上（例えば、３２～６０℃）、さらに好ましくは３５℃以上（例えば、３８～５５℃）、特に４０℃以上（例えば、４２～５０℃）程度の温度であってもよい。 In this specification, "heat resistance" means resistance to high temperatures (high temperature conditions) to which the material is temporarily or permanently exposed (high temperature resistance), and a high temperature may be, for example, a temperature of 25°C or higher (e.g., 27 to 70°C), preferably 30°C or higher (e.g., 32 to 60°C), more preferably 35°C or higher (e.g., 38 to 55°C), and particularly 40°C or higher (e.g., 42 to 50°C).
　本明細書において、「耐乾燥性」とは、水が欠乏した状態（乾燥地や干ばつ）、又は水の利用に制限のある土地でも枯れることなく、生育可能な状態を保つことのできる、植物の耐性を意味する。 In this specification, "drought tolerance" refers to the tolerance of a plant to remain viable even in conditions of water scarcity (dry areas or drought) or in land with limited water availability without dying.
　本明細書において、「他の耐性」とは、耐熱性、耐乾燥性以外の環境ストレス耐性を意味し、例えば、耐傷害性、耐光性（耐紫外線性）、耐酸化性、耐低温性（低温耐性）、耐浸透圧性及び耐塩性から選択される少なくとも１種の環境ストレス耐性が挙げられる。 In this specification, "other resistances" refers to environmental stress resistances other than heat resistance and drought resistance, and examples thereof include at least one type of environmental stress resistance selected from injury resistance, light resistance (ultraviolet light resistance), oxidation resistance, low temperature resistance (low temperature resistance), osmotic pressure resistance, and salt tolerance.
　本発明の耐性向上剤は、前記末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（本発明の有効成分化合物）とクエン酸トリエチルのみで構成されていてもよいし、又は必要に応じて他の添加剤を適当な割合で配合して製剤化してもよい。具体的には、本発明の有効成分化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを、必要に応じて、他の添加剤とともに適当な割合で配合して、溶解、懸濁、混合、含浸、吸着、付着等させ、適切な剤型、例えば、懸濁剤、乳懸濁剤、乳剤、液剤、水和剤、顆粒水和剤、粒剤、粉剤、錠剤、ジャンボ剤等に製剤化して使用することができる。これらの中でも、液剤が好ましく、液剤はそのまま使用してもよいし、又は固体の不活性担体に含侵させて使用してもよい。 The tolerance improver of the present invention may be composed of only an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms that does not have an unsaturated bond at the terminal (the active ingredient compound of the present invention) and triethyl citrate, or may be formulated by blending other additives in an appropriate ratio as necessary. Specifically, the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate can be blended in an appropriate ratio with other additives as necessary, and dissolved, suspended, mixed, impregnated, adsorbed, attached, etc., and formulated into an appropriate dosage form, such as a suspension, emulsion suspension, emulsion, liquid, wettable powder, wettable granule, granule, powder, tablet, jumbo, etc., for use. Among these, liquids are preferred, and the liquids may be used as they are, or may be impregnated into a solid inert carrier.
　本発明の耐性向上剤に配合し得る「他の添加剤」としては、不活性担体、補助剤等を例示することができる。 Examples of "other additives" that can be incorporated into the resistance improver of the present invention include inert carriers, adjuvants, etc.
　不活性担体は、固体及び液体のいずれであってもよい。固体の不活性担体としては、例えば、植物質粉末類（例えば、ダイズ粉、穀物粉、木粉、樹皮粉、鋸粉、タバコ茎粉、クルミ殻粉、ふすま、繊維素粉末、球状セルロース等）、粉砕合成樹脂等の合成重合体、粘土類（例えば、カオリン、ベントナイト、酸性白土等）、タルク類（例えば、タルク、ピロフィライト等）、シリカ類（例えば、珪藻土、珪砂、雲母、ケイ酸カルシウム等）、活性炭、天然鉱物質類（例えば、イオウ粉末、軽石、アタパルジャイト、ゼオライト等）、焼成珪藻土、レンガ粉砕物、フライアッシュ、砂、プラスチック担体（例えば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニリデン等）、無機鉱物性粉末（例えば、炭酸カルシウム、燐酸カルシウム等）、化学肥料（例えば、硫安、燐安、硝安、尿素、塩安等）、堆肥等を挙げることができる。これらは単独、又は２種以上の混合物の形で使用することができる。本発明の組成物を含侵させて使用する不活性担体としては、ケイ酸カルシウムの粉末を錠剤化したもの（フローラレット（登録商標）；ＬＥＴＳ　ＯＮＥ株式会社製）、生分解性球状セルロース（ビスコパール（登録商標）；レンゴー株式会社製）等が好ましい。 The inert carrier may be either solid or liquid. Examples of solid inert carriers include vegetable powders (e.g., soybean flour, grain flour, wood flour, bark powder, sawdust, tobacco stem powder, walnut shell powder, bran, cellulose powder, spherical cellulose, etc.), synthetic polymers such as ground synthetic resins, clays (e.g., kaolin, bentonite, acid clay, etc.), talcs (e.g., talc, pyrophyllite, etc.), silicas (e.g., diatomaceous earth, silica sand, mica, calcium silicate, etc.), activated carbon, natural minerals (e.g., sulfur powder, pumice, attapulgite, zeolite, etc.), calcined diatomaceous earth, crushed bricks, fly ash, sand, plastic carriers (e.g., polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.), inorganic mineral powders (e.g., calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, etc.), chemical fertilizers (e.g., ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium chloride, etc.), compost, etc. These can be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more kinds. As an inert carrier to be impregnated with the composition of the present invention, a tablet of calcium silicate powder (Floralet (registered trademark); manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.), biodegradable spherical cellulose (Viscopal (registered trademark); manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.), etc. are preferred.
　液体の不活性担体としては、例えば、水、アルコール類（例えば、メタノール、エタノール、イソプロピルアルコール、ブタノール、エチレングリコール等）、ケトン類（例えば、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、ジイソブチルケトン、シクロヘキサノン等）、エーテル類（例えば、エチルエーテル、ジオキサン、セロソルブ、ジプロピルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン等）、脂肪族炭化水素類（例えば、ケロシン、鉱油等）、芳香族炭化水素類（例えば、ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン、ソルベントナフサ、アルキルナフタレン等）、ハロゲン化炭化水素類（例えば、ジクロロエタン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素等）、エステル類（例えば、酢酸エチル、ジイソプロピルフタレート、ジブチルフタレート、ジオクチルフタレート等）、ニトリル類（例えば、アセトニトリル等）、ジメチルスルホキシド類等を挙げることができ、これらは単独、又は２種以上の混合物の形で使用できる。 Liquid inert carriers include, for example, water, alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, butanol, ethylene glycol, etc.), ketones (e.g., acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), ethers (e.g., ethyl ether, dioxane, cellosolve, dipropyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, etc.), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., kerosene, mineral oil, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene, solvent naphtha, alkylnaphthalene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons (e.g., dichloroethane, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, etc.), esters (e.g., ethyl acetate, diisopropyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, etc.), nitriles (e.g., acetonitrile, etc.), dimethyl sulfoxides, etc., which can be used alone or in the form of a mixture of two or more kinds.
　補助剤は、必要に応じて添加してもよく、単独で、又は２種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。本発明の有効成分化合物の乳化、分散、可溶化等のために界面活性剤を補助剤として使用できる。界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルアリールエーテル、ポリオキシエチレン高級脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン樹脂酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンアルキレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノラウレート、ポリオキシエチレンソルビタンモノオレエート、アルキルアリールスルホン酸塩、ナフタレンスルホン酸縮合物、リグニンスルホン酸塩、高級アルコール硫酸エステル等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。 　Adjuvants may be added as necessary and may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Surfactants may be used as adjuvants for emulsifying, dispersing, solubilizing, etc., the active ingredient compound of the present invention. Examples of surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylaryl ethers, polyoxyethylene higher fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene resin acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkylates, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, alkylaryl sulfonates, naphthalenesulfonic acid condensates, lignin sulfonates, higher alcohol sulfates, etc., but are not limited to these.
　本発明の有効成分化合物の分散安定化、粘着、結合等のために、例えば、澱粉、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、アラビアゴム、ポリビニルアルコール、松根油、糠油、ベントナイト、リグニンスルホン酸塩等を補助剤として使用することができる。流動性改良のために、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール（ＰＥＧ）、流動パラフィン、ワックス、ステアリン酸塩、燐酸アルキルエステル等を補助剤として使用することができる。消泡剤として、例えば、シリコーン油等を補助剤として使用することができる。 For example, starch, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, gum arabic, polyvinyl alcohol, pine oil, rice bran oil, bentonite, lignin sulfonate, etc. can be used as an auxiliary agent for dispersion stabilization, adhesion, binding, etc. of the active ingredient compound of the present invention. For example, polyethylene glycol (PEG), liquid paraffin, wax, stearates, alkyl phosphates, etc. can be used as an auxiliary agent for improving fluidity. For example, silicone oil, etc. can be used as an auxiliary agent as an antifoaming agent.
　本発明の有効成分化合物の揮発保留剤（例、保留剤、保香剤等）として、じゃ香、霊猫香、竜涎香等の動物性保留剤；シダーウッド油、ベチバ油、オレオレジン、バルサム、レジノイド等の植物性保留剤；バニリン等の人造保留剤等を必要に応じて適量配合してもよい。これらは、分子量が比較的大きく、揮発性に乏しいので保留剤として好適である。また、本発明の耐性向上剤に配合し得る別の好ましい揮発保留剤又は不活性担体として、トリシクロデカン、トリシクロドデカン（商品名「アイサワ―Ｄ」、出光石油化学（株）製）、アダマンタン、２，２－ジメチル－１，３－プロパンジオール、２，４，６－トリｔｅｒｔ－ブチル－１，３，５－トリオキサン及び２，４，６－トリイソプロピル－１，３，５－トリオキサン（商品名「サンサブリイ（登録商標）Ｂ」、小川香料（株）製）からなる群より選択される１種又は２種以上の昇華性物質が挙げられる。かかる昇華性物質を配合することにより、本発明の有効成分化合物の揮散性（揮散量、揮散速度等）を調節することができる。当該昇華性物質としては、２，４，６－トリイソプロピル－１，３，５－トリオキサンが特に好ましい。 As a volatilization retaining agent (e.g., retaining agent, fragrance retainer, etc.) for the active ingredient compound of the present invention, an animal retaining agent such as musk, sage, ambergris, etc.; a vegetable retaining agent such as cedarwood oil, vetiver oil, oleoresin, balsam, resinoid, etc.; an artificial retaining agent such as vanillin, etc. may be blended in an appropriate amount as necessary. These have a relatively large molecular weight and are poorly volatile, and are therefore suitable as retaining agents. Another preferred volatilization retaining agent or inert carrier that can be blended in the tolerance improver of the present invention is one or more sublimable substances selected from the group consisting of tricyclodecane, tricyclododecane (trade name "Aisawa-D", manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.), adamantane, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,4,6-tritert-butyl-1,3,5-trioxane, and 2,4,6-triisopropyl-1,3,5-trioxane (trade name " Sunsabri (registered trademark) B", manufactured by Ogawa Fragrance Co., Ltd.). By adding such a sublimable substance, it is possible to adjust the volatility (volatilization amount, volatilization speed, etc.) of the active ingredient compound of the present invention. As the sublimable substance, 2,4,6-triisopropyl-1,3,5-trioxane is particularly preferable.
　本発明の耐性向上剤は、本発明の有効成分化合物の耐性向上効果に悪影響を及ぼさない範囲で、必要に応じて、他の有効成分（以下、「併用剤」ともいう。）を適量配合してもよい。 The tolerance enhancer of the present invention may contain an appropriate amount of other active ingredients (hereinafter also referred to as "concomitant agents") as necessary, within the scope of not adversely affecting the tolerance enhancing effect of the active ingredient compound of the present invention.
　併用剤としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、耐熱性、耐乾燥性以外の環境ストレス耐性剤、害虫の忌避剤、昆虫（ハチ等）の誘引剤、病虫害抵抗性誘導剤、フェロモン攪乱剤等が挙げられる。 The co-agents include, but are not limited to, agents for resistance to environmental stresses other than heat resistance and drought resistance, pest repellents, insect (bee, etc.) attractants, pest resistance inducers, pheromone disruptors, etc.
　耐熱性、耐乾燥性以外の環境ストレス耐性剤としては、例えば、（Ｚ）－３－ヘキセニルアセテート等が挙げられる。 An example of an agent that provides resistance to environmental stresses other than heat resistance and drought resistance is (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate.
　害虫の忌避剤としては、例えば、リモネン、ピネン、リナロール、テルピネン、ピレスロイド化合物等が挙げられる。 Examples of pest repellents include limonene, pinene, linalool, terpinene, pyrethroid compounds, etc.
　昆虫（ハチ等）の誘引剤としては、例えば、シトラール、サビネン、α－ピネン、ヘキセニルアセテート、ヘキシルヘキサノエート、（Ｅ）－２－ヘキセニルヘキサノエート、オクチルブチレート、ヘキシルアセテート等が挙げられる。 Examples of attractants for insects (such as bees) include citral, sabinene, α-pinene, hexenyl acetate, hexyl hexanoate, (E)-2-hexenyl hexanoate, octyl butyrate, and hexyl acetate.
　病虫害抵抗性誘導剤としては、例えば、ジャスモン酸メチル、サリチル酸メチル、（Ｚ）－３－ヘキセニルアセテート、β－オシメン等が挙げられる。 Examples of pest resistance inducers include methyl jasmonate, methyl salicylate, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, and β-ocimene.
　フェロモン攪乱剤としては、例えば、（Ｚ）－１１－テトラデセニルアセテート、（Ｚ）－９－テトラデセニルアセテート、オクチルブチレート等が挙げられる。 Examples of pheromone disruptors include (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, and octyl butyrate.
　本発明の耐性向上剤を適用可能な植物としては、気孔を有する植物であれば特に限定されない。好ましくは農園芸用植物である。具体的な植物（特に、農園芸用植物）としては、例えば、穀類（稲、大麦、小麦、ライ麦、オート麦、トウモロコシ等）、豆類（大豆、小豆、そら豆、エンドウ、落花生等）、果樹・果実類（リンゴ、柑橘類、梨、ブドウ、桃、梅、桜桃、クルミ、アーモンド、バナナ、イチゴ等）、野菜類（キャベツ、トマト、ナス、ほうれん草、ブロッコリー、レタス、タマネギ、ネギ、ピーマン等）、根菜類（ニンジン、馬鈴薯、サツマイモ、大根、かぶ等）、加工用作物類（綿、麻、コウゾ、ミツマタ、菜種、ビート、ホップ、サトウキビ、テンサイ、オリーブ、ゴム、コーヒー、タバコ、茶等）、瓜類（カボチャ、キュウリ、スイカ、メロン等）、牧草類（オーチャードグラス、ソルガム、チモシー、クローバー、アルファルファ等）、芝類（高麗芝、ベントグラス等）、花卉類（キク、バラ、ラン等）、香料等用作物類（ラベンダー、ローズマリー、タイム、パセリ、胡椒、しょうが等）等が挙げられる。 Plants to which the tolerance improving agent of the present invention can be applied are not particularly limited as long as they have stomata. Agricultural and horticultural plants are preferred. Specific plants (particularly agricultural and horticultural plants) include, for example, cereals (rice, barley, wheat, rye, oats, corn, etc.), beans (soybeans, adzuki beans, broad beans, peas, peanuts, etc.), fruit trees and fruits (apples, citrus fruits, pears, grapes, peaches, plums, cherries, walnuts, almonds, bananas, strawberries, etc.), vegetables (cabbage, tomato, eggplant, spinach, broccoli, lettuce, onion, green onion, bell pepper, etc.), root vegetables (carrots, potatoes, sweet potatoes, radishes, turnips, etc.), and processed foods. These include industrial crops (cotton, hemp, paper mulberry, Mitsumata, rapeseed, beets, hops, sugar cane, sugar beets, olives, rubber, coffee, tobacco, tea, etc.), melons (pumpkin, cucumber, watermelon, melon, etc.), pasture grasses (orchard grass, sorghum, timothy, clover, alfalfa, etc.), turfgrass (Korean grass, bentgrass, etc.), flowers (chrysanthemums, roses, orchids, etc.), and crops for flavorings (lavender, rosemary, thyme, parsley, pepper, ginger, etc.).
　本明細書において、「植物に適用する」又は「植物を処理する」とは、本発明の耐性向上剤を対象植物に到達させることをいう。したがって、例えば、本発明の耐性向上剤をそのまま、又は水等で適宜希釈して、対象植物に耐性を誘導するための有効量を対象植物又は対象植物の栽培担体に施用すればよい。例えば、対象植物への直接散布、株元処理、作条処理、土壌混和等の施用方法を好適に用いることができる。また、水耕栽培における水耕液を、本発明の耐性向上剤で処理してもよい。本発明の耐性向上方法は、栽培担体に本発明の耐性向上剤を施用する方法、すなわち、株元処理、作条処理、土壌混和、水耕液処理等の施用方法を好適に用いることができる。さらに、ビニールハウス等の密閉空間においては、本発明の耐性向上剤の有効成分化合物を揮散（気化）させることにより、植物を処理する（植物に到達させる）こともできる。また、本発明の耐性向上剤で植物を処理する時期は特に限定されないが、例えば、高温障害の発生が予想される時期の前が好ましい。 In this specification, "applying to a plant" or "treating a plant" refers to allowing the tolerance enhancer of the present invention to reach the target plant. Therefore, for example, the tolerance enhancer of the present invention may be applied to the target plant or a cultivation carrier for the target plant in an effective amount for inducing tolerance in the target plant, either as is or after appropriate dilution with water or the like. For example, application methods such as direct spraying on the target plant, root treatment, row treatment, and soil incorporation can be suitably used. In addition, the hydroponic solution in hydroponic cultivation may be treated with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention. As the tolerance improvement method of the present invention, a method of applying the tolerance enhancer of the present invention to a cultivation carrier, that is, root treatment, row treatment, soil incorporation, hydroponic solution treatment, etc. can be suitably used. Furthermore, in an enclosed space such as a vinyl house, the active ingredient compound of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention can be volatilized (vaporized) to treat the plant (allow it to reach the plant). In addition, the timing of treating the plant with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to treat the plant with the tolerance enhancer of the present invention before the time when high temperature damage is expected to occur.
　本明細書において、栽培担体とは、植物を栽培するための支持体を意味し、植物が生育しうる材質であればよい。例えば、いわゆる各種土壌、育苗マット、水等を含むものである。具体的には、例えば、砂、バーミキュライト、綿、紙、珪藻土、寒天、ゲル状物質、高分子物質、ロックウール、グラスウール、木材チップ、バーク、軽石等を挙げることができる。 In this specification, the term "cultivation carrier" refers to a support for cultivating plants, and may be any material on which plants can grow. Examples include various types of soil, seedling mats, water, etc. Specific examples include sand, vermiculite, cotton, paper, diatomaceous earth, agar, gel-like substances, polymeric substances, rock wool, glass wool, wood chips, bark, pumice, etc.
　本発明の耐性向上剤の使用量（施用量、処理量）は、本発明の有効成分化合物の配合割合、気象条件、製剤形態、施用時期、施用方法、施用場所、対象植物等により異なるが、通常、本発明の有効成分化合物として、１アール１日当たり約０．００１ｇ～約１０ｇの範囲から適宜選択して施用すればよく、好ましくは約０．００５～約１ｇの範囲である。また、クエン酸トリエチルの使用量（施用量、処理量）は、前記炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物１ｇに対して、通常約０．５ｇ以上１０ｇ以下であり、好ましくは約１ｇ以上８ｇ以下であり、より好ましくは約２ｇ以上５ｇ以下である。 The amount of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention used (application amount, treatment amount) varies depending on the blending ratio of the active ingredient compound of the present invention, weather conditions, formulation form, application time, application method, application location, target plant, etc., but typically, the active ingredient compound of the present invention is applied in an amount appropriately selected from the range of about 0.001 g to about 10 g per are per day, preferably about 0.005 to about 1 g. The amount of triethyl citrate used (application amount, treatment amount) is typically about 0.5 g to 10 g, preferably about 1 g to 8 g, and more preferably about 2 g to 5 g, per 1 g of the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms.
（本発明の耐性向上方法）
　本発明の耐性向上方法は、本発明の耐性向上剤を植物に適用する方法であれば、特に制限されないが、とりわけ、ビニールハウス等の密閉空間において、本発明の有効成分化合物を揮散させることにより、植物を処理して植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善させるための方法としては、
（１）α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物と、クエン酸トリエチルを混合し、それらを含む組成物（本発明の組成物）を調製する工程、及び
（２）上記末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（すなわち、本発明の有効成分化合物）を大気中に放出する工程
を含む、植物の耐性向上方法（本発明の耐性向上方法）が好適である。 (Method of Improving Resistance of the Present Invention)
The method for improving resistance of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a method for applying the resistance improver of the present invention to a plant. In particular, a method for treating a plant by volatilizing the active ingredient compound of the present invention in an enclosed space such as a vinyl house to continuously improve or improve the heat resistance and drought resistance of the plant for two months or more is as follows:
A method for improving the tolerance of a plant (the tolerance improving method of the present invention) is preferred, which comprises: (1) a step of mixing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, with triethyl citrate to prepare a composition containing them (the composition of the present invention); and (2) a step of releasing the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond (i.e., the active ingredient compound of the present invention) into the atmosphere.
　本発明の耐性向上方法に使用する本発明の耐性向上剤の有効成分化合物としては、前記した末端に不飽和結合（すなわち、炭素－炭素二重結合）を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（本発明の有効成分化合物）を使用することができ、好ましくは、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種であり、より好ましくは、α，β－アルケナール（特に好ましくは、２－ヘキセナールである。）である。 The active ingredient compound of the resistance improving agent of the present invention used in the resistance improving method of the present invention can be an unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond (i.e., carbon-carbon double bond) at the terminal, as described above, and is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenal, and more preferably α,β-alkenal (particularly preferably 2-hexenal).
　本発明の耐性向上方法は、本発明の有効成分化合物と、クエン酸トリエチルを混合し、それらを含む組成物（本発明の組成物）を調製する工程、及び本発明の有効成分化合物を大気中に放出（揮散）する工程（すなわち、前記（１）及び（２）の工程）を含むものであれば、使用する器具等については特に制限されない。 The method for improving resistance of the present invention is not particularly limited with respect to the equipment used, so long as it includes the steps of mixing the active ingredient compound of the present invention with triethyl citrate to prepare a composition containing them (the composition of the present invention), and discharging (volatilizing) the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere (i.e., the steps (1) and (2) above).
　本発明の耐性向上方法としては、具体的には、例えば、前記（１）の工程により本発明の組成物を調製後、昇華性物質を含む不活性担体に特定量（飽和担持量）の本発明の組成物を均等に散布又は滴下し、十分混合した後、必要に応じてハンマーミルで粉砕し、タブレッティングマシン、ブリケットマシン、ペレタイザー等の成形機で加圧成形することにより本発明の組成物を含有する錠剤を製造し、当該錠剤を、容器に入れて、栽培施設に置いて使用するか、又は、栽培施設の支柱、植物の株の上部等に吊り下げて使用することにより、本発明の有効成分化合物を大気中に放出することが可能である。また、ゲル化剤を精製水中で撹拌、懸濁させ、オートクレーブ処理（約１２０℃、５分）後、約４０℃まで冷却し、界面活性剤を加えてゲルベースを作製し、前記（１）の工程により調製された本発明の組成物と不活性担体が入った容器に、前記ゲルベースを流し込み、撹拌、混合後、ゲルが固まるまで静置することにより本発明の組成物を含有する半固形製剤（ゲル状製剤）を製造し、当該半固形製剤（ゲル状製剤）を、容器に入れて、栽培施設に置いて使用するか、又は、栽培施設の支柱、植物の株の上部等に吊り下げて使用することにより、本発明の有効成分化合物を大気中に放出することが可能である。 Specifically, the resistance improvement method of the present invention includes, for example, preparing the composition of the present invention by the above-mentioned step (1), evenly spraying or dropping a specific amount (saturated loading amount) of the composition of the present invention onto an inert carrier containing a sublimable substance, thoroughly mixing, and then pulverizing the mixture with a hammer mill as necessary, and pressurizing the mixture with a molding machine such as a tabletting machine, briquette machine, or pelletizer to produce tablets containing the composition of the present invention. The tablets can then be placed in a container and used in a cultivation facility, or hung from the supports of the cultivation facility, the tops of plant stocks, etc., to release the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere. In addition, the gelling agent is stirred and suspended in purified water, autoclaved (about 120°C, 5 minutes), cooled to about 40°C, and a surfactant is added to prepare a gel base. The gel base is poured into a container containing the composition of the present invention prepared in step (1) above and an inert carrier, stirred and mixed, and then allowed to stand until the gel solidifies, thereby producing a semi-solid preparation (gel-like preparation) containing the composition of the present invention. The semi-solid preparation (gel-like preparation) can be placed in a container and used in a cultivation facility, or hung from a support of the cultivation facility, the top of a plant stock, etc., to release the active ingredient compound of the present invention into the atmosphere.
　本発明の組成物を含有する上記錠剤又は半固形製剤（ゲル状製剤）を収納するための容器は、何ら限定されることはなく、当該技術分野における従来慣用の技術を使用することができるが、当該容器としては、栽培施設の支柱、植物の株の上部等に吊り下げて使用するためのフック、又は植物の株の上部等に掛けるための特定の孔部（通気用ではない）を有することが好ましい。 The container for storing the tablet or semi-solid preparation (gel preparation) containing the composition of the present invention is not limited in any way, and any conventional technology in the relevant technical field can be used, but it is preferable that the container has a hook for hanging from a support of a cultivation facility, the top of a plant stock, etc., or a specific hole (not for ventilation) for hanging from the top of a plant stock, etc.
　当該容器の形状は、特に限定されず、本発明の組成物が収納でき、一部に開口部（小孔部を含む）を形成し得る形状、又は本発明の組成物中の本発明の有効成分化合物及び昇華性物質が透過（揮散）し得る形状であればよく、好ましくは、袋状である。 The shape of the container is not particularly limited, and may be any shape that can store the composition of the present invention and has an opening (including a small hole) in a portion thereof, or a shape that allows the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention to pass through (volatilize), and is preferably bag-shaped.
　当該容器は、収納された本発明の組成物の減少又は消失状態を目視にて容易に確認できるように、容器の一部（例、口部、側部窓部）を透明の樹脂製フィルムで覆っていてもよい。
　かかる透明の樹脂製フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、塩化ビニル、アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合体（ＡＢＳ）、４－メチル－１－ペンテンをベースとするポリオレフィン（商品名「ＴＰＸ」、三井化学株式会社製）、また透明な多層フィルム、例えば、ポリプロピレンの多層シート（商品名「マルチレイ」、出光興産株式会社製）、アクリロニトリル系可塑性樹脂を主体にした多層シート（商品名「ゼクロン」、三井化学株式会社製）等が挙げられる。 The container may have a part (e.g., mouth, side window) covered with a transparent resin film so that the reduction or disappearance of the contained composition of the present invention can be easily confirmed visually.
Examples of such transparent resin films include polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), and 4-methyl-1-pentene-based polyolefins (trade name "TPX", manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.), as well as transparent multilayer films such as polypropylene multilayer sheets (trade name "Multiray", manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.), and multilayer sheets mainly made of acrylonitrile-based plastic resins (trade name "Zecron", manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.).
　当該容器の好ましい一態様としては、本発明の組成物中の本発明の有効成分化合物及び昇華性物質を透過しない包装材に封入し、使用時に該包装材の一部を開口するか、又は通気用の特定の孔部を特定の割合で形成するものが挙げられる。
　該包装材の材質としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ガラス、セラミック、金属、プラスチック等が挙げられる。プラスチック製の包装材を用いる場合、本発明の組成物中の本発明の有効成分化合物及び昇華性物質が透過しない材質であることが必要であり、かかる材質としては、例えば、ポリエステル（ＰＥＴ、ＰＢＴ等）、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリアセタール、ポリカーボネート、ポリアミド等が挙げられる。 A preferred embodiment of the container is one in which the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention are enclosed in an impermeable packaging material, and a part of the packaging material is opened or a specific hole for ventilation is formed in a specific ratio when the container is used.
The material of the packaging material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include glass, ceramic, metal, plastic, etc. When using a plastic packaging material, it is necessary that the material is impermeable to the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention, and examples of such materials include polyester (PET, PBT, etc.), polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyamide, etc.
　当該容器のより好ましい態様としては、ガスバリア性のある中間層を有する容器（好ましくは、袋）が挙げられる。中でも、本発明の組成物中の本発明の有効成分化合物及び昇華性物質を透過しないガスバリア性のある無機物（アルミ箔やシリカ蒸着）で被覆された中間層を有する可撓性の袋状の軟包材が好ましく、アルミ蒸着ラミネートフィルムの袋がより好ましい。 A more preferred embodiment of the container is a container (preferably a bag) having an intermediate layer with gas barrier properties. Among these, a flexible bag-shaped soft packaging material having an intermediate layer covered with an inorganic material (aluminum foil or silica vapor deposition) with gas barrier properties that is impermeable to the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the sublimable substance in the composition of the present invention is preferred, and an aluminum vapor deposition laminate film bag is more preferred.
　当該容器の別の好ましい態様としては、例えば、可撓性袋の両面又は片面が該組成物中の液状成分及び昇華性物質を透過させる薬剤透過性フィルムで内面ラミネートされた和紙又は不織布であるか、又は積層延展法により製造された長繊維不織布であり、片面の場合は他面が該組成物中の液状成分及び昇華性物質を透過しないガスバリア性のあるフィルム（薬剤非透過性フィルム）にて形成される袋状の容器が挙げられる。上記薬剤非透過性フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリエステル（ＰＥＴ、ＰＢＴ等）、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリアセタール、ポリカーボネート、ポリアミド等が挙げられ、薬剤非透過性フィルムとしては、例えば、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）やポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）等のポリオレフィン、エチレンビニルアセテート（ＥＶＡ）等が挙げられる。本態様においては、容器の一部に開口部（小孔部を含む）を設ける必要はなく、本発明の組成物を内包した上記袋状の容器を、更に薬剤非透過性の外袋に収納、密封して保管、販売し、使用時に当該外袋から上記袋状の容器を取り出して、そのまま使用することができる。かかる容器の具体例としては、例えば、国際公開第２０２１／１８６７７８号に記載の容器等が挙げられる。 Another preferred embodiment of the container is, for example, a bag-shaped container in which both or one side of a flexible bag is made of Japanese paper or nonwoven fabric with the inside laminated with a drug-permeable film that allows the liquid components and sublimable substances in the composition to pass through, or a long-fiber nonwoven fabric manufactured by a lamination and spreading method, and in the case of one side, the other side is made of a gas-barrier film (drug-impermeable film) that does not allow the liquid components and sublimable substances in the composition to pass through. Examples of the drug-impermeable film include polyester (PET, PBT, etc.), polyacrylonitrile, polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyamide, etc., and examples of the drug-impermeable film include polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), etc. In this embodiment, there is no need to provide an opening (including a small hole) in a part of the container, and the bag-shaped container containing the composition of the present invention can be further stored in a drug-impermeable outer bag, sealed, stored, and sold, and the bag-shaped container can be removed from the outer bag when used and used as is. Specific examples of such containers include the containers described in WO 2021/186778.
　また、本発明の耐性向上方法のより好適な具体例として、以下に例示する耐性向上剤の発生器具を使用する方法が挙げられる。下記耐性向上剤の発生器具の使用は、農作業従事者の負担（各成分の準備、秤量の手間、製剤化の工程、手指の汚染やけが等）の軽減、作用効果の再現性保持等の観点から好ましい。 A more preferred example of the resistance improvement method of the present invention is a method using a resistance improvement agent generating device as exemplified below. The use of the resistance improvement agent generating device described below is preferable from the standpoint of reducing the burden on agricultural workers (preparation of each component, weighing effort, formulation process, contamination and injury of hands, etc.) and maintaining the reproducibility of the action and effect.
　本発明の耐性向上方法は、好ましくは、以下に例示する耐性向上剤発生器具を使用する方法である。耐性向上剤発生器具（１）～（５）を使用することにより、簡便な操作で分離状態にある本発明の有効成分化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤を混合させて組成物を形成することができ、それにより本発明の有効成分化合物が安定化し、大気中に持続的に放出されることにより、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を長期間持続的に向上又は改善させることができる。 The resistance improvement method of the present invention is preferably a method using a resistance improver generator as exemplified below. By using the resistance improver generators (1) to (5), the active ingredient compound of the present invention in a separated state can be mixed with a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate in a simple operation to form a composition, whereby the active ingredient compound of the present invention is stabilized and released continuously into the atmosphere, thereby enabling the heat resistance and drought resistance of the plant to be continuously improved or improved over a long period of time.
（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具）
　本発明の耐性向上方法の前記（１）及び（２）の工程に使用可能な耐性向上剤の発生器具の好適な一態様としては、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（本発明の有効成分化合物）（内部液）を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤（外部液）が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１））が挙げられる。前記可撓性容器に収容される、前記内部液を含有する破割性容器は、１つであっても、２つ以上であってもよい。 (Tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention)
A preferred embodiment of the tolerance improver generating device that can be used in the steps (1) and (2) of the tolerance improvement method of the present invention is a tolerance improver generating device (tolerance improver generating device (1) of the present invention), which is characterized in that a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes contains at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) (internal liquid) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and an absorbent material is placed to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if there is no emission hole, and a liquid agent (external liquid) containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container. The number of fracturable containers containing the internal liquid housed in the flexible container may be one or two or more.
　耐性向上剤の発生器具の別の好適な態様としては、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（本発明の有効成分化合物）（内部液１）を含有する第１破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチル（内部液２）を含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２））が挙げられる。 Another preferred embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generating device is a tolerance enhancer generating device (tolerance enhancer generating device (2) of the present invention) that contains a first breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound (active ingredient compound of the present invention) (internal liquid 1) having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, in a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes, and an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if there is no emission hole, and a second breakable container containing triethyl citrate (internal liquid 2) is placed in the flexible container outside the first breakable container.
　また、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２）の別の態様として、前記可撓性容器の内部に、本発明の有効成分化合物（内部液１）を含有する第１破割性容器、及びクエン酸トリエチル（内部液２）を含有する第２破割性容器の他に、さらに、前記併用剤及び／又は他の添加剤（内部液３）入りのさらに第３破割性容器を収容してもよい。 In another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generating device (2) of the present invention, the flexible container may further contain a third fracturable container containing the co-agent and/or other additives (internal liquid 3) in addition to the first fracturable container containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention (internal liquid 1) and the second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate (internal liquid 2).
　さらに、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２）の他の態様として、前記可撓性容器の内部に、内部液１と内部液２を別々の破割性容器に入れて収容する代わりに、予め調製された、本発明の有効成分化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（２’））であってもよい。 Furthermore, as another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generator (2) of the present invention, the tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (2') of the present invention) may be characterized in that, instead of storing the internal liquid 1 and the internal liquid 2 in separate fracturable containers inside the flexible container, at least one fracturable container containing a pre-prepared composition containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate is stored inside the flexible container.
　また、耐性向上剤の発生器具のさらに別の好適な態様として、特開２０１７－６１００号公報に記載の器具を使用することもできる。かかる本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具の一例としては、上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物（本発明の有効成分化合物）（内部液）を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ前記破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤（外部液）が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３））が挙げられる。本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）は、底部に装着具が装着されていることにより、本発明の組成物が漏れ出てしまうことを抑えることが可能である。前記可撓性容器に収容される、前記内部液を含有する破割性容器は、１つであってもよく、または２つ以上であってもよい。 As yet another preferred embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generating device, the device described in JP 2017-6100 A can also be used. One example of such a tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention includes a cylindrical flexible container with a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one liquid (internal liquid) containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which is inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container. The tolerance improver generating device (the tolerance improver generating device (3) of the present invention) includes a fracturable container, a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side surface, and a liquid agent (external liquid) containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container. The tolerance improver generating device (3) of the present invention is capable of preventing the composition of the present invention from leaking out by having a mounting device attached to the bottom. The fracturable container containing the internal liquid contained in the flexible container may be one or two or more.
　また、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）の別の態様として、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に、本発明の有効成分化合物（内部液１）を含有する破割性容器（第１の破割性容器）の他に、前記破割性容器の外側の可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを収容する代わりに、クエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤（内部液２）入りの別の破割性容器（第２の破割性容器）が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４））が挙げられる。さらに、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４）の他の態様として、前記併用剤及び／又は他の添加剤を含有する液剤（内部液３）入りのさらに別の破割性容器（第３の破割性容器）を収容してもよい。 Another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generator (3) of the present invention is a tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (4) of the present invention) characterized in that, in addition to a fracturable container (first fracturable container) containing the active ingredient compound (internal liquid 1) of the present invention, another fracturable container (second fracturable container) containing a liquid agent (internal liquid 2) containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the fracturable container, instead of containing triethyl citrate. Furthermore, another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generator (4) of the present invention may contain yet another fracturable container (third fracturable container) containing a liquid agent (internal liquid 3) containing the co-agent and/or other additives.
　また、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４）の他の態様として、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に、内部液１と内部液２を別々の破割性容器に入れて収容する代わりに、予め調製された、本発明の有効成分化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含む組成物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（４’））であってもよい。 In another embodiment of the tolerance enhancer generator (4) of the present invention, the tolerance enhancer generator (tolerance enhancer generator (4') of the present invention) may be characterized in that, instead of storing the internal liquid 1 and the internal liquid 2 in separate fracturable containers in the internal storage space of the flexible container, at least one fracturable container containing a pre-prepared composition containing the active ingredient compound of the present invention and triethyl citrate is stored.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）、（４）及び（４’）のさらに別の好ましい態様として、前記可撓性容器と前記透過膜の間に、少なくとも１つの開口部を有する保持具をさらに設けることもできる（以下、「本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（５）」と称することもある。）。かかる保持具は、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（５）の未使用時の保管中又は使用の際の破割時に、破割性容器及びその破片が透過膜に直接触れて傷つけないように、透過膜を保護する役割を果たしながら、本発明の組成物が透過できるように穴（開口部）を有する構造をしている。かかる保持具の材質は、特に限定されないが、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド（例、ナイロン）、及びポリ塩化ビニルからなる群より選択される樹脂製のものを好適に使用することができる。 As yet another preferred embodiment of the resistance enhancer generators (3), (4) and (4') of the present invention, a holder having at least one opening can be further provided between the flexible container and the permeable membrane (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as "the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention"). Such a holder has a structure having a hole (opening) that allows the composition of the present invention to pass through while playing a role in protecting the permeable membrane so that the breakable container and its fragments do not directly touch and damage the permeable membrane during storage when the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention is not used or is broken during use. The material of such a holder is not particularly limited, but a resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., nylon), and polyvinyl chloride can be preferably used.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１）、（３）及び（５）において、可撓性容器内に収容される外部液（クエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤）が緩衝材となることにより、当該耐性向上剤発生器具（１）、（３）及び（５）の輸送時（未使用時）の揺れによる破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）の割れを防止できるという利点もある。 In the resistance enhancer generators (1), (3), and (5) of the present invention, the external liquid (liquid agent containing triethyl citrate) contained in the flexible container acts as a buffer, which has the advantage of preventing the fracturable container (glass ampoule) from cracking due to shaking during transportation (when not in use) of the resistance enhancer generators (1), (3), and (5).
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具における可撓性容器は、透明でも不透明でも着色されたものでもよい。当該可撓性容器の素材としては、たわむ素材であれば特に制限されないが、例えば、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド（例、ナイロン）、ポリ塩化ビニル等の樹脂製の素材を好適に使用することができる。当該可撓性容器として、図１～３には、細長い円筒状の容器（スティック型容器）が記載されているが、その形状に限定されるものではない。同容器には、発散穴（又は開口部）を図１～３に示されるように、一ヶ所設けてもよいし、容器表面に複数個所設けてもよい。本発明の有効成分化合物は、発散穴（又は開口部）を通して、又は樹脂製の可撓性容器の表面から大気中に放出される。 The flexible container in the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention may be transparent, opaque, or colored. The material of the flexible container is not particularly limited as long as it is a flexible material, and resin materials such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide (e.g., nylon), and polyvinyl chloride can be preferably used. As the flexible container, a long and thin cylindrical container (stick-type container) is shown in Figures 1 to 3, but the shape is not limited to this. The container may have one emission hole (or opening) as shown in Figures 1 to 3, or multiple holes may be provided on the container surface. The active ingredient compound of the present invention is released into the atmosphere through the emission hole (or opening) or from the surface of the resin flexible container.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具における破割性容器は、ガラス容器、とりわけ、ガラスアンプル、が特に好ましい。当該破割性容器が、ガラス製の場合は指の力で破割できる肉薄のものを使用する。かかるガラスの厚みは、０．１～０．４ｍｍが特に好ましい。当該破割性容器として、ガラスアンプルを使用することにより、本発明の有効成分である、揮発性の前記炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含む状態で品質を損なうことなく、長期間安定に保存することができる。 The fracturable container in the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention is preferably a glass container, particularly a glass ampoule. When the fracturable container is made of glass, a thin one that can be broken with finger pressure is used. The thickness of such glass is particularly preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm. By using a glass ampoule as the fracturable container, it is possible to stably store the active ingredient of the present invention, the volatile unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms, for a long period of time without losing quality.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１）、（２）及び（２’）における吸収性素材とは、天然又は合成繊維質、或いは多孔質よりなる素材であり、有効成分等を一時的に吸収する機能とガラスの細片が飛び出すのを防止する機能がある。当該吸収性素材は、図１に示されるように、発散穴の近くに装着してもよいし、破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）の回りに巻き付けるように装着させてもよい。 The absorbent material in the resistance enhancer generators (1), (2) and (2') of the present invention is a material made of natural or synthetic fiber or porous material, and has the function of temporarily absorbing the active ingredient and the like and the function of preventing glass fragments from escaping. The absorbent material may be attached near the emission hole as shown in Figure 1, or may be attached by wrapping it around the breakable container (glass ampoule).
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）、（４）、（４’）及び（５）における透過膜とは、気化した有効成分を透過させる膜を意味し、透過性能は、本発明の有効成分化合物の特性に合わせて材質を選択することにより調整することができる。透過膜は、好ましくは、当該発生器具（３）、（４）、（４’）及び（５）の底部の外周に熱溶着や音波溶着によって固定される。透過膜の材質は、特に制限されないが、可撓性容器の材質と同一の薄膜であることで、溶着及び固定が確実になる。 The permeable membrane in the tolerance enhancer generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention means a membrane that allows the vaporized active ingredient to pass through, and the permeability can be adjusted by selecting a material that matches the characteristics of the active ingredient compound of the present invention. The permeable membrane is preferably fixed to the outer periphery of the bottom of the generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) by thermal welding or ultrasonic welding. The material of the permeable membrane is not particularly limited, but by using a thin film that is the same as the material of the flexible container, welding and fixing are ensured.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）、（４）、（４’）及び（５）における装着具は、底部が開放されている細長い円筒状の可撓性容器の底面にはめ込まれるようにして装着される。当該装着具の外周サイズは、前記可撓性容器の底部の内径に対応している。当該装着具は、可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有する。装着具が備える前記貫通孔、前記空隙が、透過膜を介して、前記可撓性容器と外部を繋げる。これにより、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）（４）及び（５）において、本発明の有効成分化合物（内部液）入りの破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）から放出された有効成分は、前記可撓性容器中のクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤（外部液）、またはクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤（内部液２）入りの破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）から放出されたクエン酸トリエチルと混合されて、組成物を形成し、当該組成物は、透過膜の内部であって前記可撓性容器と装着具との間に溜まる。この溜まった組成物は、透過膜によって、前記可撓性容器中にとどまるが、透過膜の透過性能によって大気中に揮散（放出）される。装着具の材質は、特に制限されないが、可撓性容器の材質と同一であることが好適である。 The mounting device in the resistance enhancer generating devices (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention is attached so as to fit into the bottom surface of an elongated cylindrical flexible container with an open bottom. The outer peripheral size of the mounting device corresponds to the inner diameter of the bottom of the flexible container. The mounting device has a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, with a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side surface. The through hole and the voids provided in the mounting device connect the flexible container to the outside via a permeable membrane. As a result, in the tolerance enhancer generators (3), (4) and (5) of the present invention, the active ingredient released from the breakable container (glass ampoule) containing the active ingredient compound (internal liquid) of the present invention is mixed with the liquid agent (external liquid) containing triethyl citrate in the flexible container, or the triethyl citrate released from the breakable container (glass ampoule) containing the liquid agent (internal liquid 2) containing triethyl citrate to form a composition, which accumulates inside the permeable membrane between the flexible container and the attachment. This accumulated composition remains in the flexible container due to the permeable membrane, but is volatilized (released) into the atmosphere due to the permeability of the permeable membrane. The material of the attachment is not particularly limited, but it is preferably the same as the material of the flexible container.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具は、栽培施設（例、ビニールハウス等）の支柱、植物の株の上部等に吊り下げて使用するためのフック、又は植物の株の上部等に掛けるための特定の孔部（前記発散穴ではない）を有することが好ましい。 The tolerance-improving agent generating device of the present invention preferably has a hook for hanging it from a support of a cultivation facility (e.g., a vinyl greenhouse, etc.) or the top of a plant, or a specific hole (other than the aforementioned emission hole) for hanging it on the top of a plant.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具の使用に際しては、可撓性容器を指等の力で曲げて中にある破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）が破割し、分離状態にあった本発明の有効成分化合物とクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が混合されて組成物を形成し、当該組成物が吸収性素材を通過して容器の発散穴、又は樹脂製の可撓性容器の表面から大気中に放出（揮散）される。 When using the tolerance enhancer generator of the present invention, the flexible container is bent with the force of fingers or the like, causing the breakable container (glass ampoule) inside to break, and the active ingredient compound of the present invention and the liquid agent containing triethyl citrate, which are in a separated state, are mixed together to form a composition, which passes through the absorbent material and is released (volatilized) into the atmosphere from the emission holes in the container or the surface of the flexible resin container.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具の製造方法は、特に制限されないが、好ましくは、例えば、円筒状可撓性容器（長さ２０ｍｍ～２００ｍｍ、外径３ｍｍ～１２ｍｍ、肉厚０．２ｍｍ～３ｍｍ）の一端又は両端に小さな発散穴を設ける。発散穴の内側に吸収性素材を詰める。破割性容器は、ガラスアンプル製であり、容器にそって細長い形状とし溶封口はとがっている。本発明の有効成分化合物等の揮発成分を含んだ液体をアンプルに充填溶封するためにアンプルの先端開口部を細くし、有効成分等を入れた後、一瞬にして開口部を熱で溶かし溶封する方法により製造することができる。 The manufacturing method of the tolerance enhancer generating device of the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably, for example, a small emission hole is provided at one or both ends of a cylindrical flexible container (length 20 mm to 200 mm, outer diameter 3 mm to 12 mm, wall thickness 0.2 mm to 3 mm). An absorbent material is filled inside the emission hole. The breakable container is made of a glass ampule, has a long and narrow shape along the length of the container, and has a sharp heat-sealed opening. The device can be manufactured by making the opening at the tip of the ampule narrower in order to fill and heat-seal the ampule with a liquid containing a volatile component such as the active ingredient compound of the present invention, and after adding the active ingredient, etc., the opening is instantly melted with heat and heat-sealed.
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（１）、（２）、（２’）、（３）、（４）、（４’）及び（５）のいずれかを使用することにより、農作業従事者の負担（各成分の準備、秤量の手間、製剤化の工程、手指の汚染やけが等）なく、本発明の耐性向上剤の品質と作用効果の再現性を効率良く保持することができる。 By using any of the tolerance enhancer generating devices (1), (2), (2'), (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention, the quality and reproducibility of the action and effect of the tolerance enhancer of the present invention can be efficiently maintained without imposing a burden on agricultural workers (preparation of each component, the labor of weighing, formulation process, contamination and injury of hands, etc.).
　本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具は、本発明の有効成分化合物の揮散後は、廃棄して新しいものに交換することが好ましいが、本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（３）、（４）、（４’）及び（５）は、装着具を脱着することができるので、本発明の有効成分化合物の揮散後の残留液のみを廃棄し、そこに別途調製した本発明の組成物を補充したものを再使用することも可能である。 After the active ingredient compound of the present invention has evaporated, it is preferable to discard the resistance enhancer generator of the present invention and replace it with a new one. However, since the attachment devices of the resistance enhancer generators (3), (4), (4') and (5) of the present invention can be detached, it is also possible to discard only the residual liquid after the active ingredient compound of the present invention has evaporated and refill it with a separately prepared composition of the present invention and reuse it.
　なお、本発明は、上述した各実施形態および実施例に限定されるものではなく、種々の変更が可能であり、異なる実施形態にそれぞれ開示された技術的手段を適宜組み合わせて得られる実施形態についても本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。また、本明細書中に記載された先行技術文献の全てが、本明細書中において参考として援用される。 The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments and examples, and various modifications are possible. The technical scope of the present invention also includes embodiments obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in the different embodiments. In addition, all of the prior art documents described in this specification are incorporated herein by reference.
　以下、実施例及び試験例により本発明を詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。なお、以下において「％」とは、「重量％」を意味する。 The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these. In the following, "%" means "% by weight."
　下記実施例、比較例及び試験例で使用された化合物である、２－ヘキセナール（商品名：ＬＡＬ（ｔｒａｎｓ－２－ヘキセナール）；ＪＮＣ株式会社製）、クエン酸トリエチル（商品名：シトロフレックス２（登録商標）、森村商事株式会社製）、２，４，６－トリｔｅｒｔ－ブチル－１，３，５－トリオキサン（商品名：サンサブリィＢ（以下、「ＳＳＢ」と略称することもある。）；小川香料株式会社製）、フローラレット（登録商標）（径約２３ｍｍ、厚み約８ｍｍ、重量１．３５ｇ）（ＬＥＴＳ　ＯＮＥ株式会社製）、生分解性球状セルロース（商品名：ビスコパール（登録商標）；レンゴー株式会社製）、オリーブオイル（商品名：エクストラバージンオリーブオイル；ガルシア・デラクルス社製）、亜麻仁油（商品名：日清アマニ油；日清オイリオグループ株式会社製）、ベニバナ油（商品名：ＡＪＩＮＯＭＯＴＯべに花油；味の素株式会社製）、ジ－ｔｅｒｔ－ブチル－ｐ－クレゾール（ＤＢＰＣ）（東京化成工業株式会社製）、紫外線吸収剤（主成分：酸化亜鉛５５％）（商品名：ＤＩＦ－ＡＢ－３３ｗ；堺化学工業株式会社製）、α－トコフェロール（富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製）、紫外線吸収剤（主成分：酸化亜鉛５５％）（商品名：ＤＩＦ－３Ｗ４；堺化学工業株式会社製）、イソパラフィン系高純度溶剤（商品名：ＩＰソルベント２８３５；出光興産株式会社製）、ポリエチレングリコール（商品名：ポリエチレングリコール４００（ＰＥＧ４００）；富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製）は、それぞれ市販品をそのまま使用した。 The compounds used in the following examples, comparative examples and test examples are 2-hexenal (trade name: LAL (trans-2-hexenal); manufactured by JNC Corporation), triethyl citrate (trade name: Citroflex 2 (registered trademark), manufactured by Morimura Shoji Co., Ltd.), 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-trioxane (trade name: Sansabri B (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as "SSB"); manufactured by Ogawa Fragrance Co., Ltd.), Floralette (registered trademark) (diameter approximately 23 mm, thickness approximately 8 mm, weight 1.35 g) (manufactured by LETS ONE Corporation), biodegradable spherical cellulose (trade name: Viscopearl (registered trademark); manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.), olive oil (trade name: Extra virgin olive oil; manufactured by Garcia de la Cruz), and linseed oil (trade name : Nisshin linseed oil; manufactured by Nisshin Oillio Group Co., Ltd.), safflower oil (trade name: AJINOMOTO safflower oil; manufactured by Ajinomoto Co., Inc.), di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC) (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), ultraviolet absorber (main component: zinc oxide 55%) (trade name: DIF-AB-33w; manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), α-tocopherol (manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.), ultraviolet absorber (main component: zinc oxide 55%) (trade name: DIF-3W4; manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), isoparaffin-based high-purity solvent (trade name: IP Solvent 2835; manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.), and polyethylene glycol (trade name: polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400); manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries Co., Ltd.) were each used as is as commercially available products.
　本発明の有効成分化合物が、植物の耐性向上効果を示すことは、前記特許文献２（国際公開第２０１６／０３１７７５号）に記載されていることから、以下の実施例、比較例及び試験例では、その効果の持続性を調べる目的で、本発明の有効成分化合物として、２－ヘキセナールを使用し、各種添加剤共存下又は非共存下での時間経過に伴う２－ヘキセナールの匂いの有無及び変質を調査した。 　It is described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2 (WO 2016/031775) that the active ingredient compound of the present invention exhibits the effect of improving plant resistance. Therefore, in the following examples, comparative examples, and test examples, 2-hexenal was used as the active ingredient compound of the present invention to investigate the durability of the effect, and the presence or absence of the odor of 2-hexenal and its deterioration over time in the presence or absence of various additives were investigated.
［試料の調製］
　以下に、下記試験例に使用した実施例及び比較例の各試料の調製方法について述べる。 [Sample preparation]
The methods for preparing the samples of the Examples and Comparative Examples used in the following Test Examples will be described below.
［実施例１］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてクエン酸トリエチル（３．４２ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 1]
In the generator shown in FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and a flexible container (1) containing triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed inside the flexible container (1). The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［実施例２］
　図２の発生器具において、内部液（１０）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（９）を収容し、外部液（８）としてクエン酸トリエチル（３．４２ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器の収容空間（７）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（９）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 2]
In the generating device of FIG. 2, a glass ampoule (9) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (10) and triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid (8) were placed in the storage space (7) of the flexible container. The glass ampoule (9) was then broken by bending and then hung in a vinyl greenhouse for use in the following test examples.
［実施例３］
　図３の発生器具において、内部液（１９）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（１８）を収容し、外部液（２０）としてクエン酸トリエチル（３．４２ｇ（３ｍＬ））を収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（１８）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 3]
In the generator shown in FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) and triethyl citrate (3.42 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid (20) was placed inside the generator, which was then folded to break the glass ampoule (18), after which it was hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the test examples described below.
［実施例４］
　図３の発生器具において、内部液（１９）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（１８）を収容し、外部液（２０）としてクエン酸トリエチル（１．７１ｇ（１．５ｍＬ））及びＰＥＧ４００（１．７０ｇ（１．５ｍＬ））を収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（１８）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 4]
In the generator of FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) and triethyl citrate (1.71 g (1.5 mL)) and PEG 400 (1.70 g (1.5 mL)) as the external liquid (20) was placed inside the generator. The glass ampoule (18) was then bent to break and was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse for use in the following test examples.
［実施例５］
　２－ヘキセナール（０．５ｇ）及びクエン酸トリエチル（０．５ｇ）を、フローラレット（登録商標）（ＬＥＴＳ　ＯＮＥ株式会社製）（１．３５ｇ）（径約２３ｍｍ、厚み約８ｍｍ）に含侵させたものを、皿に乗せて開放したままの状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 5]
2-Hexenal (0.5 g) and triethyl citrate (0.5 g) were impregnated into Floralet (registered trademark) (manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.) (1.35 g) (diameter about 23 mm, thickness about 8 mm), which was placed on a plate and left open for the following test example.
［実施例６］
　２－ヘキセナール（０．５ｇ）及びクエン酸トリエチル（１．５ｇ）を、フローラレット（登録商標）（ＬＥＴＳ　ＯＮＥ株式会社製）（１．３５ｇ）（径約２３ｍｍ、厚み約８ｍｍ）に含侵させたものを、皿に乗せて開放したままの状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 6]
2-Hexenal (0.5 g) and triethyl citrate (1.5 g) were impregnated into Floralet (registered trademark) (manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.) (1.35 g) (diameter about 23 mm, thickness about 8 mm), which was placed on a plate and left open for the following test example.
［実施例７］
　２－ヘキセナール（１．０ｇ）及びクエン酸トリエチル（１．１ｇ）を、ビスコパール（登録商標）（レンゴー株式会社製）（１５ｃｃ）に含侵させたものを、国際公開第２０２１／１８６７７８号の図１と同様のアルミ蒸着ラミネートフィルムの袋（外寸１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ）に入れ、両サイドをカットした状態（開口部３ｃｍ）で下記試験例に供した。 [Example 7]
2-Hexenal (1.0 g) and triethyl citrate (1.1 g) were impregnated into Viscopal (registered trademark) (manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.) (15 cc), and the resulting product was placed in an aluminum vapor-deposited laminate film bag (outer dimensions 100 mm x 100 mm) similar to FIG. 1 of WO 2021/186778. Both sides were cut (opening 3 cm) and used in the following test example.
［比較例１］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてオリーブ油（２．７３ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 1]
In the generator of FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and a flexible container (1) containing olive oil (2.73 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed inside. The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the flexible container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例２］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液として亜麻仁油（２．７８ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 2]
In the generator shown in FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and linseed oil (2.78 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed in a flexible container (1). The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending, and the ampoule was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例３］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてベニバナ油（２．８２ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 3]
In the generator shown in FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and safflower oil (2.82 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed in a flexible container (1). The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例４］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてオリーブ油（２．７３ｇ（３ｍＬ））及びＤＢＰＣ（０．０１４ｇ）を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 4]
In the generator of FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) was placed in a flexible container (1) containing olive oil (2.73 g (3 mL)) and DBPC (0.014 g) as the external liquid. The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the flexible container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例５］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてオリーブ油（２．７３ｇ（３ｍＬ））及びα－トコフェロール（０．０１４ｇ）を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 5]
In the generator of FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and a flexible container (1) containing olive oil (2.73 g (3 mL)) and α-tocopherol (0.014 g) as the external liquid were placed inside the generator. The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the flexible container, and the container was then hung inside a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例６］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてオリーブ油（２．７３ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容し、可撓性容器（１）の外側に紫外線吸収剤（ＤＩＦ－ＡＢ－３３ｗ）を塗布したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 6]
In the generator of FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) was placed as the internal liquid (3), and olive oil (2.73 g (3 mL)) was placed in a flexible container (1) as the external liquid. The flexible container (1) was coated on the outside with an ultraviolet absorber (DIF-AB-33w) and was then bent to break the glass ampoule (2). The ampoule was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例７］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてオリーブ油（２．７３ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容し、可撓性容器（１）の外側に紫外線吸収剤（ＤＩＦ－３ｗ４）を塗布したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 7]
In the generator of FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) was placed as the internal liquid (3), and olive oil (2.73 g (3 mL)) was placed in a flexible container (1) as the external liquid. The flexible container (1) was coated on the outside with an ultraviolet absorber (DIF-3w4) and then bent to break the glass ampoule (2). The ampoule was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例８］
　図１の発生器具において、内部液（３）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（２）を収容し、外部液としてＰＥＧ４００（３．３９ｇ（３ｍＬ））を可撓性容器（１）内に収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（２）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 8]
In the generator shown in FIG. 1, a glass ampoule (2) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (3) and a flexible container (1) containing PEG 400 (3.39 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid were placed inside. The glass ampoule (2) was then broken by bending the flexible container, and the container was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例９］
　図３の発生器具において、内部液（１９）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（１８）を収容し、外部液（２０）を含まないものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（１８）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 9]
In the generating device of FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) was placed inside, and the one not containing the external liquid (20) was folded to break the glass ampoule (18), after which it was hung inside a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test example.
［比較例１０］
　図３の発生器具において、内部液（１９）として２－ヘキセナール（０．８５ｇ（１ｍＬ））を含むガラスアンプル（１８）を収容し、外部液（２０）としてＩＰソルベント２８３５（２．４６ｇ（３ｍＬ））を収容したものを折り曲げてガラスアンプル（１８）を破割した後、ビニールハウス内に吊るした状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 10]
In the generator of FIG. 3, a glass ampoule (18) containing 2-hexenal (0.85 g (1 mL)) as the internal liquid (19) and IP Solvent 2835 (2.46 g (3 mL)) as the external liquid (20) was placed inside the generator. The glass ampoule (18) was then broken by bending, and the ampoule was then hung in a vinyl greenhouse and used in the following test examples.
［比較例１１］
　２－ヘキセナール（０．５ｇ）を、フローラレット（登録商標）（ＬＥＴＳ　ＯＮＥ株式会社製）（１．３５ｇ）（径約２３ｍｍ、厚み約８ｍｍ）に含侵させたものを、皿に乗せて開放したままの状態で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 11]
2-Hexenal (0.5 g) was impregnated into Floralet (registered trademark) (manufactured by LETS ONE Co., Ltd.) (1.35 g) (diameter about 23 mm, thickness about 8 mm), which was placed on a plate and left open, and used in the following test example.
［比較例１２］
　２，４，６－トリｔｅｒｔ－ブチル－１，３，５－トリオキサン（ＳＳＢ）（６．８６ｇ）に対し、２－ヘキセナール（０．１４ｇ）を加えて良く混合し、錠剤成型機（ラボネクト株式会社）にて加圧成形（２５ｋＮ）することにより、縦横３０ｍｍ、厚さ１０．７ｍｍの重さ７ｇの錠剤を得た。
　得られた錠剤は、国際公開第２０２１／１８６７７８号の図１と同様のアルミ蒸着ラミネートフィルムの袋（外寸１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ）に入れ、両サイドをカットした状態（開口部３ｃｍ）で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 12]
2-Hexenal (0.14 g) was added to 2,4,6-tri-tert-butyl-1,3,5-trioxane (SSB) (6.86 g), mixed thoroughly, and pressed (25 kN) using a tablet press (Labonect Co., Ltd.) to obtain a tablet measuring 30 mm in length and width, 10.7 mm in thickness, and weighing 7 g.
The obtained tablets were placed in an aluminum vapor-deposited laminate film bag (outer dimensions 100 mm x 100 mm) similar to FIG. 1 of WO 2021/186778, and subjected to the following test example with both sides cut (opening 3 cm).
［比較例１３］
　２－ヘキセナール（０．５％ＤＢＰＣ（酸化防止剤）入り）（２．１ｇ）を、ビスコパール（登録商標）（レンゴー株式会社製）（１５ｃｃ）に含侵させたものを、国際公開第２０２１／１８６７７８号の図１と同様のアルミ蒸着ラミネートフィルムの袋（外寸１００ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ）に入れ、両サイドをカットした状態（開口部３ｃｍ）で下記試験例に供した。 [Comparative Example 13]
2-Hexenal (containing 0.5% DBPC (antioxidant)) (2.1 g) was impregnated into Viscopal (registered trademark) (manufactured by Rengo Co., Ltd.) (15 cc), and the resulting product was placed in an aluminum vapor-deposited laminate film bag (outer dimensions 100 mm x 100 mm) similar to FIG. 1 of WO 2021/186778. Both sides were cut (opening 3 cm) and used in the following test example.
［試験例１］ビニールハウス内での有効成分化合物（２－ヘキセナール）の揮散持続性の評価試験
　試験は、２０２１年６月～９月、及び２０２２年５月～９月の期間、茨城県結城郡八千代町の野外の雨よけビニールハウス内で行われた。試験期間中のビニールハウス内の最低気温は、１４．７℃であり、最高気温は、４１，１℃であり、平均気温は、２４．８℃であった。 [Test Example 1] Evaluation test of the volatilization persistence of the active ingredient compound (2-hexenal) in a vinyl greenhouse The test was conducted in an outdoor rain-proof vinyl greenhouse in Yachiyo-cho, Yuki-gun, Ibaraki Prefecture from June to September 2021 and from May to September 2022. The minimum temperature in the vinyl greenhouse during the test period was 14.7 ° C, the maximum temperature was 41.1 ° C, and the average temperature was 24.8 ° C.
（試験方法）
　上記の通り調製した各試料（発生器具）を雨よけビニールハウス内に設置後、１～９０日（又は１００日）の期間中の２－ヘキセナールの匂いの有無及び変質を評価した。評価は、２－ヘキセナールの匂いを熟知している３名の評価者により行われ、評価結果は、ビニールハウス内にてチャック付きの袋に施用中の各試料（発生器具）をその都度実験室内に持ち帰り、３名の評価者が無風状態で鼻先５ｃｍ離した状態での匂いを評価した結果（下記５段階の評価基準による評価値）の平均値で示した。 (Test method)
After each sample (generator) prepared as described above was placed in a rain-proof vinyl greenhouse, the presence or absence of the odor of 2-hexenal and its deterioration were evaluated during a period of 1 to 90 days (or 100 days). The evaluation was performed by three evaluators who are familiar with the odor of 2-hexenal, and the evaluation results were shown as the average value of the results (evaluation value according to the following 5-level evaluation criteria) in which each sample (generator) applied to a ziplock bag in the vinyl greenhouse was brought back to the laboratory each time, and the odor was evaluated by the three evaluators in a windless state, holding the sample 5 cm away from their noses.
（評価基準）
４：２－ヘキセナール臭のみが非常に強く感じられる状態（匂い有り）
３：２－ヘキセナール臭が主たる匂いであるが、若干匂いの変質（酸化により生成する２－ヘキセン酸臭等）が感じられる状態（かすかに変質）
２：２－ヘキセナール臭は残っているが、匂いの変質（酸化により生成する２－ヘキセン酸臭等）もかなり感じられる状態（やや変質）
１：匂いはあるが、２－ヘキセナール臭ではなく、完全に変質した匂い（酸化により生成する２－ヘキセン酸臭等）の状態（変質）
０：５分間静置しても匂いがない状態（匂い無し） (Evaluation criteria)
4: 2 - Only the odor of hexenal is very strong (odor present)
3: The odor of 2-hexenal is the main odor, but some odor deterioration (such as the odor of 2-hexenoic acid produced by oxidation) can be detected (slight deterioration)
2: The odor of 2-hexenal remains, but the odor has changed considerably (such as the odor of 2-hexenoic acid produced by oxidation) (slightly changed).
1: There is an odor, but it is not the odor of 2-hexenal, but a completely altered odor (such as the odor of 2-hexenoic acid produced by oxidation) (deterioration)
0: No odor even after leaving it for 5 minutes (no odor)
（試験結果）
　各試料（実施例及び比較例）の官能評価結果を表１に示す。 (Test results)
The results of the sensory evaluation of each sample (Examples and Comparative Examples) are shown in Table 1.
　表１によれば、使用する発生器具の如何に依らず、２－ヘキセナールにクエン酸トリエチルを添加することにより、２－ヘキセナール単独、又は２－ヘキセナールに他の添加剤（例、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、精油成分、ＰＥＧ４００、ＩＰソルベント２８３５（溶剤）等）を添加した場合と比較して、有効成分化合物である２－ヘキセナールが顕著に安定化され、変質を抑えられることが確認された。また、本発明の組成物を使用することにより、時間経過に伴う、２－ヘキセナールの質量減少が有意に抑えられ、その徐放作用を２カ月以上の長期間にわたって持続できることが確認された。とりわけ、図３に記載の耐性向上剤発生器具Ｃ（本発明の耐性向上剤発生器具（５））の使用により、２－ヘキセナールをさらに長期間（３カ月以上）、ほとんど変質することなく持続的に放出できることが確認された。 According to Table 1, it was confirmed that, regardless of the generator used, the addition of triethyl citrate to 2-hexenal significantly stabilizes the active ingredient compound 2-hexenal and suppresses deterioration, compared to the use of 2-hexenal alone or the addition of other additives (e.g., antioxidants, UV absorbers, essential oil components, PEG 400, IP Solvent 2835 (solvent), etc.). It was also confirmed that the use of the composition of the present invention significantly suppresses the mass loss of 2-hexenal over time and that the sustained release effect can be sustained for a long period of time of more than two months. In particular, it was confirmed that the use of the resistance enhancer generator C shown in Figure 3 (the resistance enhancer generator (5) of the present invention) allows 2-hexenal to be released continuously for an even longer period (more than three months) with almost no deterioration.
　本発明によれば、植物の耐熱性、耐乾燥性等の耐性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善することができ、また、農業現場において、頻繁な交換を必要とせず、ワンシーズン（２カ月以上の夏の期間）通して使用可能な植物の耐性向上剤、当該耐性向上剤を用いる耐性向上方法、及び当該耐性向上剤を簡便且つ効果的に発生させる器具を提供することができる。 The present invention provides a plant resistance enhancer that can continuously improve or enhance the heat resistance, drought resistance, etc. of plants for more than two months, and that can be used throughout one season (the summer period of more than two months) in agricultural fields without the need for frequent replacement, a resistance improvement method that uses the resistance enhancer, and an apparatus that generates the resistance enhancer simply and effectively.
　なお、実施の形態で説明された植物の耐性向上剤発生器具は、本発明の趣旨を説明する一例であり、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲での変形や改造を含む。 The plant tolerance enhancer generating device described in the embodiment is an example to illustrate the gist of the present invention, and includes modifications and alterations that do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.
　本出願は、日本国で２０２２年９月２７日に出願された特願２０２２－１５３８４１を基礎としており、その内容は本明細書にすべて包含されるものである。 This application is based on Patent Application No. 2022-153841 filed in Japan on September 27, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated in their entirety into this specification.
１．可撓性容器
２．破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）
３．内部液（有効成分化合物等）
４．吸収性素材
５．発散穴
６．フック
７．収容空間
８．外部液（クエン酸トリエチル含有液剤）
９．破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）
１０．内部液（有効成分化合物等）
１１．空隙
１２．透過膜
１３．装着具
１４．貫通孔
１５．底部
１６．フック
１７．収容空間
１８．破割性容器（ガラスアンプル）
１９．内部液（有効成分化合物等）
２０．外部液（クエン酸トリエチル含有液剤）
２１．装着具
２２．保持具
２３．透過膜
２４．接合部
２５．貫通孔
２６．開口部 1. Flexible container 2. Breakable container (glass ampoule)
3. Internal liquid (active ingredient compounds, etc.)
4. Absorbent material 5. Ventilation hole 6. Hook 7. Storage space 8. External liquid (liquid containing triethyl citrate)
9. Breakable containers (glass ampoules)
10. Internal liquid (active ingredient compounds, etc.)
11. gap 12. permeable membrane 13. mounting fixture 14. through hole 15. bottom 16. hook 17. storage space 18. fracturable container (glass ampoule)
19. Internal liquid (active ingredient compounds, etc.)
20. External solution (solution containing triethyl citrate)
21. Mounting fixture 22. Holder 23. Permeable membrane 24. Joint 25. Through hole 26. Opening

Claims (16)

  1. 　α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物、及びクエン酸トリエチルを含有する、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善させるための耐性向上剤。 A tolerance enhancer for sustainably enhancing or improving the heat and drought resistance of plants for two months or more, comprising an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and triethyl citrate.
  2. 　末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、請求項１に記載の耐性向上剤。 The resistance improver according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenal.
  3. 　末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナールである、請求項１に記載の耐性向上剤。 The resistance improver according to claim 1, wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is an α,β-alkenal.
  4. 　（１）α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物と、クエン酸トリエチルを混合し、それらを含む組成物を調製する工程、及び
    （２）上記末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を大気中に放出する工程
    を含む、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善させる方法。     A method for sustainably improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of a plant for two months or more, comprising: (1) a step of mixing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenals, α,β-alkenones, γ,δ-alkenals, γ,δ-alkenones, δ,ε-alkenals, δ,ε-alkenones, ε,ζ-alkenals, and ε,ζ-alkenones, with triethyl citrate to prepare a composition containing them; and (2) a step of releasing the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond into the atmosphere.
  5. 　末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケナールからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、請求項４に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 4, wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenal.
  6. 　末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物が、α，β－アルケナールである、請求項４に記載の方法。 The method according to claim 4, wherein the unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond is an α,β-alkenal.
  7. 　前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、請求項４～６のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the steps (1) and (2) are performed by folding the flexible container and breaking the flexible container using a tolerance enhancer generating device characterized in that the flexible container may have one or more emission holes and contains at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bond, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and an absorbent material is disposed so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the flexible container.
  8. 　前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記第１破割性容器及び第２破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、請求項４～６のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the steps (1) and (2) are performed by bending the flexible container and fracturing the first and second fracturing containers using a resistance improving agent generating device, characterized in that a first fracturing container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no terminal unsaturated bonds, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which may be provided with one or more emission holes, is accommodated in the flexible container, and an absorbent material is arranged to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or to the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a second fracturing container containing triethyl citrate is accommodated in the flexible container outside the first fracturing container.
  9. 　前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ前記破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、請求項４～６のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 The steps (1) and (2) are carried out by a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, at least one fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at its terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, which is inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container, a mounting device attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a combination of the mounting device and the flexible container. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the flexible container is folded and the breakable container is broken using a generator for generating a resistance-improving agent for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of a plant for two months or more, the attachment has a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the attachment has a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side surface, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container.
  10. 　前記（１）及び（２）の工程が、上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具を用い、前記可撓性容器を折り曲げて、前記破割性容器を破割することにより行われる、請求項４～６のいずれか一項に記載の方法。 The steps (1) and (2) are carried out by a cylindrical flexible container having a sealed top and an open bottom, a first breakable container that is inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container and contains an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at its terminal, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, a mounting device that is attached to the bottom of the flexible container, and a mounting device that is attached between the mounting device and the flexible container. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the flexible container is bent and the fracturable container is broken using a generator for generating a resistance enhancer for continuously improving or improving the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more, the generator for generating a resistance enhancer is characterized in that the flexible container has a permeable membrane that is attached to the flexible container, the mounting device has a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device has a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side, and a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is housed inside the flexible container outside the first fracturable container.
  11. 　発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具。 A device for generating a tolerance enhancer for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more, characterized in that at least one breakable container is housed in a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes, and contains an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is housed in the flexible container outside the breakable container.
  12. 　発散穴を１つ以上設けていてもよい可撓性容器内に、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器を収容し、前記可撓性容器に発散穴がある場合には発散穴を塞ぐように、又は発散穴がない場合には端部に、吸収性素材を配置し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具。 A device for generating a tolerance enhancer for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more, characterized in that a first fracturable container is housed in a flexible container that may have one or more emission holes, the first fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one type selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, an absorbent material is placed so as to block the emission hole if the flexible container has an emission hole, or at the end if the flexible container does not have an emission hole, and a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is housed in the flexible container outside the first fracturable container.
  13. 　上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する少なくとも１つの破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ前記破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する液剤が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具 A cylindrical flexible container with a sealed top and an open bottom, and at least one breakable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bonds at the terminals, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container, and a breakable container attached to the bottom of the flexible container. A device for generating a tolerance enhancing agent for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for more than two months, comprising a mounting device for mounting the flexible container to the flexible container and a permeable membrane attached between the mounting device and the flexible container, the mounting device having a side facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the mounting device having a through hole on the upper surface and a single or multiple voids on the side, and a liquid agent containing triethyl citrate is contained in the flexible container outside the breakable container.
  14. 　上部が封止され、底部が開放されている円筒状の可撓性容器と、前記可撓性容器の内部の収容空間に挿入される、α，β－アルケナール、α，β－アルケノン、γ，δ－アルケナール、γ，δ－アルケノン、δ，ε－アルケナール、δ，ε－アルケノン、ε，ζ－アルケナール、及びε，ζ－アルケノンからなる群より選択される少なくとも１種である、末端に不飽和結合を有しない炭素数４～９の不飽和カルボニル化合物を含有する第１破割性容器と、前記可撓性容器の底部に装着される装着具と、前記装着具と前記可撓性容器との間に取り付けられる透過膜を備え、前記装着具は、前記可撓性容器の内面に対向する側面と、前記可撓性容器の底部に対向する上面とを有し、前記装着具は、前記上面に貫通孔を有すると共に、前記側面に単数又は複数の空隙を有し、且つ第１破割性容器の外側で可撓性容器内にクエン酸トリエチルを含有する第２破割性容器が収容されていることを特徴とする、植物の耐熱性及び耐乾燥性を２カ月以上持続的に向上又は改善するための耐性向上剤の発生器具。 A cylindrical flexible container with a sealed top and an open bottom, a first fracturable container inserted into the internal storage space of the flexible container, the first fracturable container containing an unsaturated carbonyl compound having 4 to 9 carbon atoms and no unsaturated bond at the end, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of α,β-alkenal, α,β-alkenone, γ,δ-alkenal, γ,δ-alkenone, δ,ε-alkenal, δ,ε-alkenone, ε,ζ-alkenal, and ε,ζ-alkenone, and an attachment device attached to the bottom of the flexible container. and a permeable membrane attached between the attachment and the flexible container, the attachment having a side surface facing the inner surface of the flexible container and an upper surface facing the bottom of the flexible container, the attachment having a through hole on the upper surface and one or more voids on the side surface, and a second fracturable container containing triethyl citrate is housed inside the flexible container outside the first fracturable container, characterized in that a generator of a tolerance enhancer for continuously improving or enhancing the heat resistance and drought resistance of plants for two months or more.
  15. 　前記可撓性容器と前記透過膜の間に、少なくとも１つの開口部を有する保持具をさらに有することを特徴とする、請求項１３又は１４に記載の発生器具。 The generator according to claim 13 or 14, further comprising a holder having at least one opening between the flexible container and the permeable membrane.
  16. 　可撓性容器が、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレン、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、及びポリ塩化ビニルからなる群より選択される樹脂製であり、且つ破割性容器が、ガラスアンプルである、請求項１１～１５のいずれか一項に記載の発生器具。 The generator according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the flexible container is made of a resin selected from the group consisting of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyamide, and polyvinyl chloride, and the fracturable container is a glass ampoule.
PCT/JP2023/034955 2022-09-27 2023-09-26 Resistance-improving agent for plants having sustainable action over a long period of time WO2024071122A1 (en)

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JP2005272436A (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-10-06 Kyoto Univ Plant-originated natural enemy-attracting component
JP2007015723A (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-25 Lumica Corp Volatile material evaporator
WO2016031775A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-03 国立大学法人神戸大学 Tolerance improving agent for plants
JP2017006100A (en) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-12 株式会社栄宝 Medicine diffusing device
JP2017055677A (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-03-23 礼治 大島 Harmful animal repellent tool
JP2022117618A (en) * 2021-02-01 2022-08-12 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 Expression-controllable compound and expression control method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005272436A (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-10-06 Kyoto Univ Plant-originated natural enemy-attracting component
JP2007015723A (en) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-25 Lumica Corp Volatile material evaporator
WO2016031775A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-03-03 国立大学法人神戸大学 Tolerance improving agent for plants
JP2017006100A (en) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-12 株式会社栄宝 Medicine diffusing device
JP2017055677A (en) * 2015-09-14 2017-03-23 礼治 大島 Harmful animal repellent tool
JP2022117618A (en) * 2021-02-01 2022-08-12 パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 Expression-controllable compound and expression control method

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