WO2024069241A1 - Cover device for irrigation and gas removal in leaching heaps - Google Patents

Cover device for irrigation and gas removal in leaching heaps Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024069241A1
WO2024069241A1 PCT/IB2023/020060 IB2023020060W WO2024069241A1 WO 2024069241 A1 WO2024069241 A1 WO 2024069241A1 IB 2023020060 W IB2023020060 W IB 2023020060W WO 2024069241 A1 WO2024069241 A1 WO 2024069241A1
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Prior art keywords
irrigation
film
leaching
sheet
line
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PCT/IB2023/020060
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alexis ARANCIBIA REYES
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Arancibia Reyes Alexis
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Publication of WO2024069241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024069241A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/18—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes with the aid of microorganisms or enzymes, e.g. bacteria or algae

Definitions

  • Cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leach heaps.
  • the present invention is framed in the field of mining, as well as agriculture, waste treatment, among others, areas of the industry in which it is required to cover a surface, conduct a flow of fluid and/or extraction and/or or incorporation of gases.
  • the present invention is framed in mining activity, specifically those activities or procedures that are related to the extraction of minerals by solvents, such as heap leaching and corresponds to a sheet, film, mantle or cover to which it is attached.
  • at least one distribution or collection line for a fluid such as a solution, water, and at least one means for the extraction and/or incorporation of gases from or to the cell.
  • one of the processes to obtain minerals corresponds to the leaching process, where the procedure normally considers the formation of leaching piles of the mineral coming from the mine, which is reduced to a pre-established granulometry that extends over a impermeable base or surface that receives the leached solution from the pile.
  • the target metal is leached by circulating a leach solution through the heap, in a procedure commonly known as percolation.
  • percolation To carry out percolation, the leach solution is distributed over the top of the pile, allowing it to infiltrate down through the pile onto the impermeable surface.
  • There are a number of known options for distributing the leach solution on the top surface of a pile The options that are generally used correspond to spray systems or spraying of the solution on the upper surface of the pile or drip systems, which is achieved by mounting an irrigation mesh on the surface of the pile to be leached. .
  • the application dose of leaching solutions is designed to optimize the recovery of metals and minimize the consumption of chemical products, where the critical factors that influence achieving this relationship correspond to the design of the pile, the irrigation system and the climatic conditions of the site in which the pile is formed. Solution distribution uniformity is essential to maximize metal recovery.
  • the heap leaching procedure has the advantage of allowing the treatment of a large amount of low-grade ore at a low cost, however it also has a series of disadvantages, since the irrigation system used considers the use of a mesh of hoses that have drippers or sprinklers, located at a predetermined distance, where said irrigation pipe mesh is arranged above the upper surface of the pile to be leached, thereby leaving the irrigation exposed to the climatic conditions of the sector in where the pile is designed, that is, the leaching solution as well as the pile that is being watered, is subject to losses due to evaporation and losses due to wind action, among other factors that affect the leaching process.
  • the drops of leaching solution are carried by the wind in the vicinity of the leaching pile, which can contaminate the environment with toxic elements, and where also due to the action of the wind and the evaporation to which the pile is subjected.
  • leaching process because it is directly exposed to the environment, produces high evaporation rates, which implies a large amount of water that is used to carry out the leaching process, which implies an increase in production costs as well as damage to the environment.
  • Another important factor to consider is evaporation, which causes heat loss, lowering the temperature of the leaching solution, and lowering the chemical leaching reaction rate.
  • the leaching solution when exposed to a large surface area to sunlight, increases the potential for photochemical degradation of the photosensitive leaching compounds, which leads to decreased leaching results.
  • films or covers have been used on the surface to be leached that are placed above the irrigation or irrigation mesh, in order to cover the upper surface of the leaching pile with said cover and thus avoid evaporation of the leaching solution, as well as increasing the temperature of the leaching pile, increasing the conditions for bacterial proliferation in bio-leaching procedures.
  • the leaching piles can be large and extensive enough, requiring a large number of qualified personnel to monitor and control the leaching process, however today in the art a series of systems and procedures have been developed that allow monitoring the rate. irrigation, saturation zones, fluid flow in the irrigation mesh, humidity, evaporation and temperature of the leaching pile, however these systems consider the use of a series of devices, sensors, cameras, among other equipment , which must be placed throughout the large surface area of a leach pile, which leads to a large amount of qualified labor to provide a leach pile with a system for monitoring and controlling it in a manner automated.
  • the primary object of the invention is to provide a device that comprises a layer, cover, mat, sheet and/or film, whose configuration includes in an integrated manner, either attached, joined or fixed, the irrigation lines of the solution or fluid. in a single piece to be placed on a leaching pile, and comprising a means for the extraction and/or distribution of air or gases produced in the leaching process, in such a way as to avoid contamination and exposure of personnel to said gases that can be harmful.
  • the present invention refers to a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet (2), at least one irrigation line or irrigation (5) of solutions or fluids, and comprises at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile.
  • Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a top perspective view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 corresponds to a perspective side view of an exploded view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 corresponds to a top perspective view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
  • Figure 5.- corresponds to a side view that shows a diagram where the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles of the present invention is installed in a leaching pile.
  • the invention corresponds to a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, which is illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet ( 2) that has an upper surface (3) and a lower surface (4) that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet (2) that comprises different shapes, dimensions and sizes, where the surface bottom (4) of the film (2), is that surface that faces the surface that will be covered or on which the blanket, folder or cover will be arranged, at least one watering or irrigation line (5) of solutions or fluids, and at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile.
  • a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps which is illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet ( 2) that has an upper surface (3) and a lower surface (4) that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet (2) that comprises different shapes, dimensions and sizes, where the surface bottom (4)
  • the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is joined and/or fixed to the lower surface (4) of the film (2), in a preferred embodiment, however, said irrigation or irrigation line (5), as can be well understood by a person normally versed in the matter, it can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film (2), just as the film (2) can be provided with irrigation lines or irrigation (5) on both lower and upper surfaces (3, 4).
  • the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) comprises at least one means for delivering or distributing a flow towards the surface of the leaching pile, which may comprise at least one element for irrigation, which is arranged in a distribution spaced along the irrigation or irrigation line (5), which may comprise a sprinkler, a dripper, a micro-sprinkler, or any other means of distributing fluids, water, solutions, among others.
  • the at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile comprises a suction terminal (7) which are fixed in at least one hole formed in the film (2), and where said suction terminal (7) in one embodiment comprises a bell-shaped mouth, a connection element or tube (8) is fixed to the terminal suction at a first end and where the opposite end is fixed to a connecting element (9), which preferably has a “T” shape, which is fixed to a pipe or extraction and/or distribution element ( 10) which at one end has an extractor and/or gas or air distributor connected (11).
  • the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is connected to a supply line of a fluid to be irrigated on the leaching pile, such as for example a leaching solution, and where in addition, in one embodiment, the irrigation or irrigation line (5) can have a double configuration, where said double irrigation or irrigation line, such as can be either understood by a person normally versed in the matter, it can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film or sheet (2).
  • the irrigation or double irrigation line comprises at least two irrigation pipes, where each of said irrigation pipes comprises at least one irrigation means, where said irrigation means is arranged in a spaced distribution along the irrigation pipe. irrigation, where said irrigation means may comprise a sprinkler, a dripper, a micro-sprinkler, or any other means of distributing fluids, water, solutions, among others.
  • the fluid supply line to the irrigation or irrigation line (5) may comprise at least one double supply line of fluids or solutions, which comprises two supply pipes, which comprise valves and independent flow control means between each other. yes, and where said feed pipes feed the solutions or fluids to the at least one double irrigation or irrigation line, such that the first irrigation pipe is connected to the first feed pipe, and the second pipe irrigation is connected to the second supply pipe.
  • the irrigation line (5) as well as the double irrigation line is attached, joined and/or fixed to at least one surface (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2) by means of at least one fixing and/or joining element, which is configured as a strip, tape and/or fringe of a sheet or film, which comprises an upper and lower surface defined by edges of opposite ends and opposite side edges, which define an area or surface of different dimensions.
  • Said strip, fringe and/or stripe comprises at least one perforation that forms a stripe that has a predefined perforation pattern.
  • Said at least one fixing and/or union element allows the irrigation or irrigation line to be attached to at least one of the surfaces of the film, so that said irrigation or irrigation line remains arranged between said strip, strip and/or strip and at least one surface of the film (2), such that lateral portions of said strip, strip and/or strip are fixed to at least one surface of the film or sheet (2).
  • the fixation of said lateral portions to the surface of the film or sheet (2) can be carried out by means of one of the plastic welding techniques or procedures, and/or by means of one of the mechanical joining system, or by simply gluing, darning or another joining and/or fixing system, however preferably in the form of joining and/or fixing between the lateral portions of the band, fringe and/or strip to the
  • the surface of the film or sheet (2) is made by thermofusion.
  • the material of the tape, fringe and/or strip may comprise a plastic, a thermoplastic, such as, for example, preferably it may comprise a transparent UV-resistant polyethylene.
  • the perforation pattern of the at least one perforation that comprises said strip, tape and/or strip achieves a homogeneous distribution of the fluid that comes out and/or is delivered by said irrigation means, so that the perforation pattern of the holes allows a homogeneous distribution of the fluid over the surface that is covered, as well as helping to avoid clogging of the irrigation medium.
  • the mantle, folder or cover of the covering device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise sensors that can measure temperature and/or humidity, among other parameters of the surface covered with the mantle.
  • the at least one sensor may comprise a sensor that allows measuring and/or monitoring, temperature, humidity, air flow, luminosity, radiation, evaporation, surface saturation, aeration, among others.
  • other parameters, as well as said sensors may include microcameras for capturing images, infrared images, among others.
  • the sensors are linked to an autonomous monitoring, control and/or remote transmission system that allows the different parameters that are recorded and/or monitored by at least one sensor to be transmitted wirelessly to a main control center.
  • Said transmission, monitoring and/or control system is remote and autonomous, since it can be energized in independently, in any place where the mantle, folder or cover (1) is used, where electrical energy is not available, by comprising renewable electrical generation devices, such as, for example, photovoltaic and/or wind energy.
  • Each of the irrigation or irrigation lines can also be joined directly to at least one of the surfaces (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2) that comprises the surface covering (1), using different plastic welding techniques. , such as by hot plate welding processes, hot air/gas welding, heat sealing, thermo fusion, extrusion welding, injection welding, ultrasonic welding, high frequency welding, laser welding, vibration welding, as well as said irrigation or irrigation lines can be attached to one of the surfaces of the film or sheet (2) by means of mechanical elements, such as by means of a double contact adhesive tape, for example adhesive, sailboat among others, as well as through of different solutions, such as glues.
  • the material of the film or sheet (2) can comprise a plastic, a thermoplastic, such as, for example, preferably it can comprise a transparent polyethylene resistant to UV rays, where said film can also comprise a padded plastic surface, so to maintain the insulation of the covered surface.
  • the materials, sizes, color and/or thickness of the film or sheet (2) can be as varied according to the particular requirement, such as they can include biodegradable materials, with multilayer substrates, with different optical properties, with photo-selective materials, anti-static, and/or a combination of these, as well as they can incorporate insecticides, herbicides, anti-fungals, with antiviral properties, fertilizers among other solutions and/or a combination of these, as well as particles and/or nano-particles of different materials and/or minerals, and/or a combination of these.
  • the irrigation or double irrigation lines (9) may comprise different sizes, colors, resistance, materials, according to the type of flow that will be delivered, distributed and/or removed from the surface, where said pipe may comprise perforations, micro-perforations.
  • the mantle, folder or cover of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise at least one geotextile, a geonet, a padding attached and/or fixed to one of the upper surfaces and /or bottom (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2), covering the entire extension, size and/or shape of said mantle, folder or cover, as well as partially covering the extension of said cover.
  • the configuration of said geotextile and/or geonetwork may comprise a biplanar and/or t ⁇ planar configuration, in order to facilitate the distribution of a flow, whether of gas, air, water and/or solutions, as well as the capture of said flow, across the covered surface.
  • an additional film is arranged, fixed, attached or placed on the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles, in such a way as to cover the entire surface covered by the al at least one film or sheet (2) that comprises said device when it is arranged or covering the stack, and where said configuration of the device (1) can comprise two sheets of film (2), one arranged on top of the other and joined together. , in such a way that said second film is arranged in order to further improve the impermeability of the device, to better retain the gases below the surface that covers the device, and improve the extraction of the gases, thus preventing emanate into the environment.
  • the cover device (1) for irrigation and extraction of gases in leaching piles may also comprise a second device for delivering and/or extracting fluids from the leaching piles, which comprises at least one film or sheet that has a upper surface and a lower surface that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet, at least one line of conduction, distribution, delivery, withdrawal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air, among others, it is attached, joined and/or fixed to the lower surface of the film or sheet, and at least one alignment and/or main flow extraction pipe, joined to the at least one conduction, distribution, delivery line, withdrawal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air, among others, that has at least one means of pressure regulation, and where in addition each of the distribution, delivery and/or extraction lines of flows may comprise pressure regulation means.
  • a second device for delivering and/or extracting fluids from the leaching piles which comprises at least one film or sheet that has a upper surface and a lower surface that
  • the mantle, folder or cover of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise at least one perforation made through the film or sheet (2), such that said perforation can coincide with an irrigation means of an irrigation or irrigation line, such that said perforation makes it possible to facilitate the planting of plants according to a predetermined pattern, for the purposes of use as an element in plasticulture.
  • Said perforation may comprise a die-cut pattern of the film layer, using micro-perforations, perforations, and/or punching, of the perimeter of the perforation, in such a way that said circumscribed portion of film or sheet can be removed (2). when its use is necessary, to facilitate the formation of the perforation through the film (2), and prevent the film from tearing in an unwanted pattern.
  • At least one flow sensor is fixed, retained and/or attached to at least one of the irrigation or irrigation lines, in such a way that said sensor allows measuring the flow conditions of the irrigation pipes individually to transmit and / or control the flow in said irrigation pipes through the monitoring, control and / or autonomous remote transmission system, to remotely control and / or monitor the flow conditions that are conducted through said pipe, this monitoring allows knowing If there is any irrigation pipe of at least one irrigation or irrigation line clogged, such as if the irrigation pipe that is originally irrigating the solution over the basin becomes clogged or clogged, it is replaced in its irrigation by its twin pipes. , which allows constant and uniform irrigation or irrigation to be maintained over time in the leaching pile.
  • said flow sensors may comprise their own remote and/or autonomous transmission and control system.
  • the opposite end edges and opposite side edges of the film (2) may comprise joining means, such as, for example, tongue-and-groove joining elements so as to be able to join said film (2) laterally or either by their ends to other adjacent films (2), as well as through other joining means, such as a perforated film strip or with eyelets that allows the edges of the sheet or film to be mechanically attached to the surface of the stack.
  • joining means such as, for example, tongue-and-groove joining elements so as to be able to join said film (2) laterally or either by their ends to other adjacent films (2), as well as through other joining means, such as a perforated film strip or with eyelets that allows the edges of the sheet or film to be mechanically attached to the surface of the stack.
  • of leaching as well as said side and end edges of the film or sheet, may have a greater thickness to be able to fix fixing means to join the film between them, or also to the surface of the leaching pile.
  • the opposite end edges and opposite side edges of the film (2) may comprise ballast pockets, which may be emptied inside, or hoses, bags or other may be provided, where said pockets may comprise connectors to be filled. , in such a way as to provide weight to the film or sheet (2).
  • the configuration of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles allows the leaching pile to be covered and at the same time deploy the irrigation mesh together, where the gases produced from the leaching process are extracted through the medium or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) towards a gas recovery system, which are condensed and incorporated into the leaching solution, or packaged, which is illustrated in schematically in Figure 5, which makes it possible to maintain the leaching area, which corresponds to the area of the leaching pile, free of wandering gases that can contaminate the environment, and at the same time maintain a contamination-free environment, way to avoid exposing personnel to these gases, which can be harmful.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas removal in leaching heaps, which comprises at least one pad, mat or cover formed by a film or sheet (2), at least one watering or irrigation line (5) for solutions or fluids, and at least one means or element (6) for gas removal from and/or distribution to the leaching heap.

Description

Dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación. Cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leach heaps.
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se enmarca en el campo de la minería, así como la agricultura, tratamiento de desecho, entre otros, áreas de la industria en la cuales se requiere de cubrir una superficie, conducir un flujo de fluido y/o la extracción y/o incorporación de gases. En forma preferente la presente invención se enmarca en la actividad minera, específicamente aquellas actividades o procedimientos que dicen relación con la extracción de minerales por solventes, tal como la lixiviación en pilas y corresponde a una lamina, film, manto o cubierta al cual se adosa al menos una línea de distribución o captación de un fluido tal como una solución, agua, y al menos un medio para la extracción y/o incorporación de gases desde o hacia la pila. The present invention is framed in the field of mining, as well as agriculture, waste treatment, among others, areas of the industry in which it is required to cover a surface, conduct a flow of fluid and/or extraction and/or or incorporation of gases. Preferably, the present invention is framed in mining activity, specifically those activities or procedures that are related to the extraction of minerals by solvents, such as heap leaching and corresponds to a sheet, film, mantle or cover to which it is attached. at least one distribution or collection line for a fluid such as a solution, water, and at least one means for the extraction and/or incorporation of gases from or to the cell.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el área de minería, uno de los procesos para obtener minerales corresponde al proceso de lixiviación, donde el procedimiento normalmente considera la formación de pilas de lixiviación del mineral proveniente desde la mina, el cual es reducido a una granulometría preestablecida que se extiende sobre una base o superficie impermeable que recibe la solución lixiviada de la pila. Una vez que la pila ha sido preparada, el metal objetivo es lixiviado mediante la circulación de una solución de lixiviación a través de la pila, en un procedimiento comúnmente conocido como percolación. Para llevar a cabo la percolación, la solución de lixiviación es distribuida sobre la parte superior de la pila, permitiendo que se infiltre hacia abajo a través de la pila en la superficie impermeable. Existen una serie de opciones conocidas para distribución de la solución de lixiviación en la superficie superior de una pila. Las opciones que generalmente se utilizan corresponde a los sistemas de pulverización o rociado de la solución sobre la superficie superior de la pila o sistemas de goteos, lo cual se logra mediante el montaje de una malla de regadío sobre la superficie de la pila a ser lixiviada. In the mining area, one of the processes to obtain minerals corresponds to the leaching process, where the procedure normally considers the formation of leaching piles of the mineral coming from the mine, which is reduced to a pre-established granulometry that extends over a impermeable base or surface that receives the leached solution from the pile. Once the heap has been prepared, the target metal is leached by circulating a leach solution through the heap, in a procedure commonly known as percolation. To carry out percolation, the leach solution is distributed over the top of the pile, allowing it to infiltrate down through the pile onto the impermeable surface. There are a number of known options for distributing the leach solution on the top surface of a pile. The options that are generally used correspond to spray systems or spraying of the solution on the upper surface of the pile or drip systems, which is achieved by mounting an irrigation mesh on the surface of the pile to be leached. .
La dosis de aplicación de soluciones de lixiviación está diseñada para optimizar la recuperación de metales y minimizar el consumo de productos químicos, donde los factores críticos que influyen en lograr dicha relación corresponden al diseño de la pila, el sistema de riego y las condiciones climáticas del sitio en el cual es formada la pila. La uniformidad de distribución de la solución es esencial para maximizar la recuperación del metal. The application dose of leaching solutions is designed to optimize the recovery of metals and minimize the consumption of chemical products, where the critical factors that influence achieving this relationship correspond to the design of the pile, the irrigation system and the climatic conditions of the site in which the pile is formed. Solution distribution uniformity is essential to maximize metal recovery.
El procedimiento de lixiviación en pilas posee la ventaja de permitir el tratamiento de una gran cantidad de mineral de baja ley a un bajo costo, sin embargo también posee una serie de desventajas, ya que el sistema de regadío utilizado considera la utilización de una malla de mangueras que poseen goteros o bien aspersores, ubicados a una distancia predeterminada, donde dicha malla de tubería de regadío es dispuesta por sobre la superficie superior de la pila a ser lixiviada, con lo cual se deja expuesto el regadío a las condiciones climáticas del sector en donde es diseñada la pila, es decir, la solución de lixiviación así como la pila que está siendo regada, se encuentra sujeta a perdidas por evaporación y perdidas por acción del viento, entre otros factores que afectan el proceso de la lixiviación. Las gotas de solución de lixiviación son arrastradas por el viento en las cercanías de la pila de lixiviación, lo que puede contaminar el medio ambiente con elementos tóxicos, y donde además por la acción del viento y la evaporación a la cual se ve sometida la pila de lixiviación, por estar directamente expuesta al ambiente, produce tasas de evaporación altas, lo cual implica en una gran cantidad de agua que es utilizada para llevar a cabo el proceso de lixiviación, lo que implica en el aumento de los costos de producción así como el perjuicio al medio ambiente. Otro de los factores importantes a considerar, es la evaporación, la que causa pérdida de calor, bajando la temperatura de la solución de lixiviación, y bajando la tasa de reacción de la lixiviación química. La solución de lixiviación al verse expuesta en una gran superficie a la luz solar incrementa el potencial de degradación fotoquímico de los compuestos de lixiviación foto sensitivos, lo cual conduce a disminuir los resultados de la lixiviación. The heap leaching procedure has the advantage of allowing the treatment of a large amount of low-grade ore at a low cost, however it also has a series of disadvantages, since the irrigation system used considers the use of a mesh of hoses that have drippers or sprinklers, located at a predetermined distance, where said irrigation pipe mesh is arranged above the upper surface of the pile to be leached, thereby leaving the irrigation exposed to the climatic conditions of the sector in where the pile is designed, that is, the leaching solution as well as the pile that is being watered, is subject to losses due to evaporation and losses due to wind action, among other factors that affect the leaching process. The drops of leaching solution are carried by the wind in the vicinity of the leaching pile, which can contaminate the environment with toxic elements, and where also due to the action of the wind and the evaporation to which the pile is subjected. leaching process, because it is directly exposed to the environment, produces high evaporation rates, which implies a large amount of water that is used to carry out the leaching process, which implies an increase in production costs as well as damage to the environment. Another important factor to consider is evaporation, which causes heat loss, lowering the temperature of the leaching solution, and lowering the chemical leaching reaction rate. The leaching solution, when exposed to a large surface area to sunlight, increases the potential for photochemical degradation of the photosensitive leaching compounds, which leads to decreased leaching results.
En la actualidad, en la técnica han sido utilizados films o cubiertas en la superficie a lixiviar que son dispuestos por sobre de la malla de irrigación o regadío, de forma de cubrir la superficie superior de la pila de lixiviación con dicha cubierta y así evitar la evaporación de la solución de lixiviación, así como aumentar la temperatura de la pila de lixiviación aumentando las condiciones de proliferación de bacterias en los procedimientos de bio-lixiviacion. No obstante lo anterior que dichas soluciones han producido una gran ventaja en manejar los parámetros de evaporación de la solución de lixiviación, disminuyen las tasa de utilización de agua y agentes lixiviantes, así como aumentar la temperatura de la pila de lixiviación, la operación de la disposición de dichos films sobre la superficie superior de la pila de lixiviación, implica la utilización de gran cantidad de mano de obra, así como tiempo requerido para su disposición y fijación, de forma que no sea vea afectada o arrastrado dicho film o cubiertas de la superficie de la pila de lixiviación por acción del viento. Currently, in the technique, films or covers have been used on the surface to be leached that are placed above the irrigation or irrigation mesh, in order to cover the upper surface of the leaching pile with said cover and thus avoid evaporation of the leaching solution, as well as increasing the temperature of the leaching pile, increasing the conditions for bacterial proliferation in bio-leaching procedures. Notwithstanding the above, these solutions have produced a great advantage in managing the evaporation parameters of the leaching solution, reducing the use rate of water and leaching agents, as well as increasing the temperature of the leaching pile, the operation of the The arrangement of said films on the upper surface of the leaching pile implies the use of a large amount of labor, as well as the time required for their arrangement and fixation, so that said film or covers of the leaching pile are not affected or dragged. surface of the leaching pile due to wind action.
Las pilas de lixiviación pueden ser lo suficientemente grandes y extensas requiriendo de gran cantidad de personal calificado que permitan monitorear y controlar el proceso de lixiviación, sin embargo hoy en día en la técnica se han desarrollado una serie de sistemas y procedimiento que permiten monitorear la tasa de irrigación, las zonas de saturación, el flujo de fluido en la malla de irrigación, la humedad, evaporación y temperatura de la pila de lixiviación, sin embargo dichos sistema consideran la utilización de una serie de dispositivos, sensores, cámaras, entre otros equipos, que deben de ser colocados en toda la extensión de la gran superficie de una pila de lixiviación, lo cual conduce a una gran cantidad de mano de obra calificada para dotar de una pila de lixiviación son sistema de monitoreo y control de la misma en forma automatizada. Durante el proceso de lixiviación se producen una serie de gases producto de la rección química que se produce entre el mineral y la solución de lixiviación que se está regando en la pila de mineral, tal como por ejemplo gases de ácido nítrico, sin embargo en la actualidad dichos gases no son recuperados, los cuales producen contaminación ambiental así como produce una ambiente contaminante en la pila de lixiviación, lo cual condiciona un ambiente inseguro de trabajo sobre la pila del personal. The leaching piles can be large and extensive enough, requiring a large number of qualified personnel to monitor and control the leaching process, however today in the art a series of systems and procedures have been developed that allow monitoring the rate. irrigation, saturation zones, fluid flow in the irrigation mesh, humidity, evaporation and temperature of the leaching pile, however these systems consider the use of a series of devices, sensors, cameras, among other equipment , which must be placed throughout the large surface area of a leach pile, which leads to a large amount of qualified labor to provide a leach pile with a system for monitoring and controlling it in a manner automated. During the leaching process, a series of gases are produced as a result of the chemical reaction that occurs between the mineral and the leaching solution that is being irrigated in the mineral pile, such as nitric acid gases, however, in the Currently, these gases are not recovered, which produce environmental pollution as well as produce a polluting environment in the leaching pile, which conditions an unsafe work environment on the personnel pile.
Hoy en día existen una serie de soluciones en la industria en donde a la carpeta, lamina o film se han adosado, unido o fijado las líneas de distribución de la solución de lixiviación, lo cual ha sido un avance notable en la industria, ya que facilita la disposición de la malla de regadío y la cubierta de la pila, no obstante, lo anterior cada ninguna de dichas soluciones comprende una configuración que permita la extracción de los gases que se produce del proceso de lixiviación. Today there are a series of solutions in the industry where the distribution lines of the leaching solution have been attached, joined or fixed to the folder, sheet or film, which has been a notable advance in the industry, since facilitates the arrangement of the irrigation mesh and the pile cover, however, the above does not include each of said solutions a configuration that allows the extraction of the gases produced by the leaching process.
Por lo tanto, existe la necesidad en la técnica de poder contar con un dispositivo que permita disponer fácilmente y en forma segura sobre la pila de lixiviación que comprende una capa, cubierta, estera, lamina y/o film, cuya configuración incluya en forma integrada, ya sea en forma adosada, unida o fijada las líneas de regadío de la solución o fluido en una sola pieza, y que comprenda un medios para la extracción y/o distribución de aire o de los gases que se producen en el proceso de lixiviación, de forma tal de evitar la contaminación y exposición del personal a dichos gases que pueden ser nocivos. Therefore, there is a need in the art to be able to have a device that allows for easy and safe disposal on the leaching pile that comprises a layer, cover, mat, sheet and/or film, whose configuration includes in an integrated manner , whether attached, joined or fixed to the irrigation lines of the solution or fluid in a single piece, and comprising a means for the extraction and/or distribution of air or gases produced in the leaching process , in order to avoid contamination and exposure of personnel to said gases that can be harmful.
RESUMEN DE LA INVENCIÓN SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
El objeto primario de la invención es proporcionar un dispositivo que comprenda una capa, cubierta, estera, lamina y/o film, cuya configuración incluya en forma integrada, ya sea en forma adosada, unida o fijada las líneas de regadío de la solución o fluido en una sola pieza para ser dispuesta sobre una pila de lixiviación, y que comprenda un medio para la extracción y/o distribución de aire o de los gases que se producen en el proceso de lixiviación, de forma tal de evitar la contaminación y exposición del personal a dichos gases que pueden ser nocivos. The primary object of the invention is to provide a device that comprises a layer, cover, mat, sheet and/or film, whose configuration includes in an integrated manner, either attached, joined or fixed, the irrigation lines of the solution or fluid. in a single piece to be placed on a leaching pile, and comprising a means for the extraction and/or distribution of air or gases produced in the leaching process, in such a way as to avoid contamination and exposure of personnel to said gases that can be harmful.
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, comprende al menos un manto, carpeta o cubierta formada por un film o lamina (2), al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) de soluciones o fluidos, y comprende al menos un medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) desde y/o hacia la pila de lixiviación. The present invention refers to a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet (2), at least one irrigation line or irrigation (5) of solutions or fluids, and comprises at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile.
DESCRIPCION DETALLADA DE LA INVENCION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Diversas modalidades no limitantes de la presente invención se describirán ahora para proporcionar una comprensión general de los principios de función estructural, fabricación y uso de los aparatos, métodos y artículos descritos en la presente descripción. Uno o más ejemplos de estas modalidades no limitantes se ¡lustran en las figuras adjuntas. Los expertos en la materia entenderían que los aparatos y métodos específicamente descritos en la presente descripción e ¡lustrados en las figuras adjuntas son modalidades ilustrativas no limitantes y que el alcance de las diversas modalidades no limitantes de la presente invención se define, únicamente, por las reivindicaciones. Las características ¡lustradas o descritas en conjunto con una modalidad no limitante pueden combinarse con las características de otras modalidades no limitantes. Dichas modificaciones y variaciones tienen el propósito de estar incluidas en el alcance de la presente invención. Various non-limiting embodiments of the present invention will now be described to provide a general understanding of the principles of structural function, manufacture and use of the apparatus, methods and articles described herein. One or more examples of these non-limiting embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying figures. Those skilled in the art would understand that the apparatus and methods specifically described in the present description and illustrated in the accompanying figures are non-limiting illustrative embodiments and that the scope of the various non-limiting embodiments of the present invention is defined, solely, by the claims. Features illustrated or described in conjunction with a non-limiting embodiment may be combined with features of other non-limiting embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de la realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de la descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado la invención. In order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of its practical implementation, a set of drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the invention has been represented.
La figura 1.- corresponde una vista superior en perspectiva de un dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación de la presente invención. Figure 1 is a top perspective view of a cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
La figura 2.- corresponde una vista superior en perspectiva del dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación de la presente invención. Figure 2 is a top perspective view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
La figura 3.- corresponde a una vista lateral en perspectiva de un despiece del dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación de la presente invención. Figure 3 corresponds to a perspective side view of an exploded view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
La figura 4.- corresponde a una vista superior en perspectiva del dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación de la presente invención. Figure 4 corresponds to a top perspective view of the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps of the present invention.
La figura 5.- corresponde a una vista lateral que muestra un esquema en donde se encuentra instalada en una pila de lixiviación el dispositivo de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación de la presente invención. Figure 5.- corresponds to a side view that shows a diagram where the cover device for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles of the present invention is installed in a leaching pile.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCION PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
La invención corresponde a un dispositivo (1) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, que se encuentra ¡lustrado en las figuras 1 a 5, comprende al menos un manto, carpeta o cubierta formada por un film o lamina (2) que posee una superficie superior (3) y una superficie inferior (4) que definen un área de cobertura definida por el film o lamina (2) que comprende diferentes formas, dimensiones y tamaños, donde la superficie inferior (4) del film (2), es aquella superficie que queda mirando a la superficie que será cubierta o bien sobre la cual será dispuesto la manto, carpeta o cubierta, al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) de soluciones o fluidos, y al menos un medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) desde y/o hacia la pila de lixiviación. The invention corresponds to a cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, which is illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet ( 2) that has an upper surface (3) and a lower surface (4) that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet (2) that comprises different shapes, dimensions and sizes, where the surface bottom (4) of the film (2), is that surface that faces the surface that will be covered or on which the blanket, folder or cover will be arranged, at least one watering or irrigation line (5) of solutions or fluids, and at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile.
La al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5), es unida y/o fijada a la superficie inferior (4) del film (2), en una modalidad preferida, sin embargo, dicha línea de regadío o irrigación (5), tal como puede ser bien comprendido por una persona normalmente versada en la materia, puede ser unida y/o fijada a la superficie superior (3) del film (2), así como el film (2) puede ser dotado de líneas de regadío o irrigación (5) en ambas superficies inferior y superior (3, 4). La al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) comprende al menos un medio de entrega o distribución de un flujo hacia la superficie de la pila de lixiviación, que puede comprender al menos un elemento para irrigación, que se encuentra dispuesto en una distribución espaciada a lo largo de la línea de regadío o irrigación (5), que puede comprender un aspersor, un gotero, un micro-aspersor, o cualquier otro medio de distribución de fluidos, agua, soluciones, entre otras. The at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is joined and/or fixed to the lower surface (4) of the film (2), in a preferred embodiment, however, said irrigation or irrigation line (5), as can be well understood by a person normally versed in the matter, it can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film (2), just as the film (2) can be provided with irrigation lines or irrigation (5) on both lower and upper surfaces (3, 4). The at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) comprises at least one means for delivering or distributing a flow towards the surface of the leaching pile, which may comprise at least one element for irrigation, which is arranged in a distribution spaced along the irrigation or irrigation line (5), which may comprise a sprinkler, a dripper, a micro-sprinkler, or any other means of distributing fluids, water, solutions, among others.
El al menos un medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) desde y/o hacia la pila de lixiviación, tal como se aprecia de forma más detallada en la figura 3, comprende un terminal de succión (7) que se encuentran fijado en al menos un orificio formado en el film (2), y donde dicho terminal de succión (7) en una modalidad comprende una boca en forma de campana, un elemento o tubo de conexión (8) es fijado al terminal de succión por un primer extremo y donde el extremo opuesto es fijado a un elemento de unión (9), que en forma preferente tiene de forma de “T”, que se encuentra fijado a una tubería o elemento de extracción y/o distribución (10) que en uno de sus extremos posee conectado un extractor y/o distribuidor de gases o aire (11 ). The at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile, as seen in more detail in Figure 3, comprises a suction terminal (7) which are fixed in at least one hole formed in the film (2), and where said suction terminal (7) in one embodiment comprises a bell-shaped mouth, a connection element or tube (8) is fixed to the terminal suction at a first end and where the opposite end is fixed to a connecting element (9), which preferably has a “T” shape, which is fixed to a pipe or extraction and/or distribution element ( 10) which at one end has an extractor and/or gas or air distributor connected (11).
La al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) se encuentra conectada a una línea de alimentación de un fluido para ser irrigado sobre la pila de lixiviación, tal como por ejemplo una solución de lixiviación, y donde además, en una modalidad, la línea de regadío o irrigación (5) puede tener una configuración doble, donde dicha línea de regadío o irrigación doble, tal como puede ser bien comprendido por una persona normalmente versada en la materia, puede ser unida y/o fijada a la superficie superior (3) del film o lamina (2). La línea de regadío o irrigación doble comprende al menos dos tuberías de irrigación, donde cada una de dichas tuberías de irrigación comprende al menos un medio de irrigación, donde dicho medio de irrigación se encuentra dispuesto en una distribución espaciada a lo largo de la tubería de irrigación, donde dicho medio de irrigación puede comprender un aspersor, un gotero, un micro-aspersor, o cualquier otro medio de distribución de fluidos, agua, soluciones, entre otras. The at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is connected to a supply line of a fluid to be irrigated on the leaching pile, such as for example a leaching solution, and where in addition, in one embodiment, the irrigation or irrigation line (5) can have a double configuration, where said double irrigation or irrigation line, such as can be either understood by a person normally versed in the matter, it can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film or sheet (2). The irrigation or double irrigation line comprises at least two irrigation pipes, where each of said irrigation pipes comprises at least one irrigation means, where said irrigation means is arranged in a spaced distribution along the irrigation pipe. irrigation, where said irrigation means may comprise a sprinkler, a dripper, a micro-sprinkler, or any other means of distributing fluids, water, solutions, among others.
La línea de alimentación de fluido a la línea de regadío o irrigación (5), puede comprender al menos una línea de alimentación doble de fluidos o soluciones, que comprende dos tuberías de alimentación, las cuales comprenden válvulas y medios de control de flujo independientes entre sí, y donde dichas tuberías de alimentación, alimentan las soluciones o los fluidos a la al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación doble, de forma tal que la primera tubería de irrigación se encuentra conectada a la primera tubería de alimentación, y la segunda tubería de irrigación se encuentra conectada a la segunda tubería de alimentación. The fluid supply line to the irrigation or irrigation line (5) may comprise at least one double supply line of fluids or solutions, which comprises two supply pipes, which comprise valves and independent flow control means between each other. yes, and where said feed pipes feed the solutions or fluids to the at least one double irrigation or irrigation line, such that the first irrigation pipe is connected to the first feed pipe, and the second pipe irrigation is connected to the second supply pipe.
En una modalidad preferente de la invención la línea de irrigación (5) así como la línea doble de irrigación es adosada, unida y/o fijada a al menos una superficie (3, 4) del film o lamina (2) mediante al menos un elemento de fijación y/o unión, que se encuentra configurado como una tira, huincha y/o franja de una lámina o film, que comprende una superficie superior e inferior definida por bordes de extremos opuestos y bordes laterales opuestos, que definen un área o superficie de diferentes dimensiones. Dicha tira, franja y/o huincha comprende al menos una perforación que forman una huincha que posee un patrón de perforación predefinido. Dicho al menos un elemento de fijación y/o unión permite unir la línea de irrigación o regadío a al menos una de las superficies del film, de forma que dicha línea de irrigación o regadío queda dispuesta entre dicha franja, huincha y/o tira y la al menos una superficie del film (2), de forma tal que porciones laterales de dicha huincha, franja y/o tira es fijada al menos una superficie del film o lamina (2), para que quede entremedio dicha línea de irrigación o regadío, donde la fijación de dichas porciones laterales a la superficie del film o lamina (2) puede ser realizada mediante una de las técnicas o procedimientos de soldadura de plásticos, y/o mediante una de los sistema de unión mecánicos, o bien mediante simplemente el pegado, zurcido u otro sistema de unión y/o fijación, sin embargo en forma preferente de unión y/o fijación entre las porciones laterales de la huincha, franja y/o tira a la superficie del film o lamina (2) es realizado mediante termo fusión. El material de la huincha, franja y/o tira puede comprender un plástico, un termoplástico, tal como por ejemplo en forma preferentemente puede comprender un polietileno transparente resistente a los rayos UV. El patrón de perforación de la al menos una perforación que comprende dicha franja, huincha y/o tira lograr una distribución homogénea del fluido que sale y/o es entregado por dicho medio de irrigación, de forma que el patrón de perforación de los orificios permite una distribución homogénea del fluido sobre la superficie que es cubierta, así como también ayuda a evitar el taponamiento del medio de irrigación. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the irrigation line (5) as well as the double irrigation line is attached, joined and/or fixed to at least one surface (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2) by means of at least one fixing and/or joining element, which is configured as a strip, tape and/or fringe of a sheet or film, which comprises an upper and lower surface defined by edges of opposite ends and opposite side edges, which define an area or surface of different dimensions. Said strip, fringe and/or stripe comprises at least one perforation that forms a stripe that has a predefined perforation pattern. Said at least one fixing and/or union element allows the irrigation or irrigation line to be attached to at least one of the surfaces of the film, so that said irrigation or irrigation line remains arranged between said strip, strip and/or strip and at least one surface of the film (2), such that lateral portions of said strip, strip and/or strip are fixed to at least one surface of the film or sheet (2). , so that said irrigation or irrigation line is between, where the fixation of said lateral portions to the surface of the film or sheet (2) can be carried out by means of one of the plastic welding techniques or procedures, and/or by means of one of the mechanical joining system, or by simply gluing, darning or another joining and/or fixing system, however preferably in the form of joining and/or fixing between the lateral portions of the band, fringe and/or strip to the The surface of the film or sheet (2) is made by thermofusion. The material of the tape, fringe and/or strip may comprise a plastic, a thermoplastic, such as, for example, preferably it may comprise a transparent UV-resistant polyethylene. The perforation pattern of the at least one perforation that comprises said strip, tape and/or strip achieves a homogeneous distribution of the fluid that comes out and/or is delivered by said irrigation means, so that the perforation pattern of the holes allows a homogeneous distribution of the fluid over the surface that is covered, as well as helping to avoid clogging of the irrigation medium.
El manto, carpeta o cubierta del dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, puede comprender además sensores que pueden medir la temperatura y/o la humedad, entre otros parámetros de la superficie cubierta con el manto. En una modalidad de la invención, el al menos un sensor puede comprender un sensor que permite medir y/o monitorear, la temperatura, la humedad, el flujo de aire, la luminosidad, radiación, evaporación, saturación de la superficie, aireación, entre otros parámetros, así como dichos sensores pueden comprender microcámaras para la captura de imágenes, imágenes infrarrojas, entre otros. Los sensores se encuentran unidos a un sistema de monitoreo, control y/o transmisión remota autónoma que permiten transmitir los diferentes parámetros que son registrados y/o monitoreados por el al menos un sensor en forma inalámbrica a un centro de control principal. Dicho sistema de transmisión, monitoreo y/o control es remoto y autónomo, ya que puede ser energizado en forma independiente, en cualquier lugar en donde sea utilizado el manto, carpeta o cubierta (1 ), en donde no se encuentre disponible la energía eléctrica, al comprender dispositivos de generación eléctrica renovable, tal como por ejemplo energía fotovoltaica y/o eólica. The mantle, folder or cover of the covering device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise sensors that can measure temperature and/or humidity, among other parameters of the surface covered with the mantle. In one embodiment of the invention, the at least one sensor may comprise a sensor that allows measuring and/or monitoring, temperature, humidity, air flow, luminosity, radiation, evaporation, surface saturation, aeration, among others. other parameters, as well as said sensors may include microcameras for capturing images, infrared images, among others. The sensors are linked to an autonomous monitoring, control and/or remote transmission system that allows the different parameters that are recorded and/or monitored by at least one sensor to be transmitted wirelessly to a main control center. Said transmission, monitoring and/or control system is remote and autonomous, since it can be energized in independently, in any place where the mantle, folder or cover (1) is used, where electrical energy is not available, by comprising renewable electrical generation devices, such as, for example, photovoltaic and/or wind energy.
Cada una de las líneas de irrigación o regadío además pueden ser unidas directamente a al menos una de las superficie (3, 4) del film o lamina (2) que comprende la cubierta de superficies (1 ), mediante diferentes técnicas de soladura de plásticos, tal como mediante procesos de soladura por placas calientes, soldadura por aire/gas caliente, sellado por calor, termo fusión, soldadura por extrusión, soldadura por inyección, soldadura por ultrasonido, soldadura por alta frecuencia, soldadura por láser, soldadura por vibración, así como también dichas líneas de irrigación o regadío pueden ser unidas a una de las superficie del film o lamina (2) mediante elementos mecánicos, tal como mediante una cinta adhesiva de doble contacto, por ejemplo adhesivas, velero entre otros, así como a través de diferentes soluciones, tal como pegamentos. El material del film o lamina (2) puede comprender un plástico, un termoplástico, tal como por ejemplo en forma preferentemente puede comprender un polietileno transparente resistente a los rayos UV, donde además dicho film, puede comprender una superficie acolchada de plástico, de forma de mantener la aislación de la superficie cubierta. Los materiales, tamaños, color y/o espesor del film o lamina (2) pueden ser tan variados de acuerdo al requerimiento particular, tal como pueden comprender materiales biodegradables, con sustratos de multicapas, con diferentes propiedad ópticas, con material foto-selectivos, anti-estáticos, y/o una combinación de éstos, así como pueden incorporar insecticidas, herbicidas, anti-hongos, con propiedades antivirales, fertilizantes entre otras soluciones y/o una combinación de éstos, así como partículas y/o nano-partículas de diferentes materiales y/o minerales, y/o una combinación de éstos. Las líneas de irrigación o regadío doble (9) pueden comprender diferentes tamaños, colores, resistencia, materiales, de acuerdo al tipo de flujo que será entregado, distribuido y/o retirado desde la superficie, donde dicha tubería puede comprender perforaciones, micro- perforación, ranuras, donde los materiales pueden comprender PVC, Polietileno, Plansa, caucho, entre otros, y/o una combinación de éstos. El manto, carpeta o cubierta del dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, además puede comprender al menos un geotextil, una geo red, un acolchado unido y/o fijado a una de las superficies superior y/o inferior (3, 4) del film o lamina (2), cubriendo la totalidad de la extensión, tamaño y/o forma de dicho manto, carpeta o cubierta, así como puede cubrir parcialmente la extensión de dicha cubierta. La configuración de dicho geotextil y/o geo red puede comprender una configuración biplanar y/o tñplanar, con el objeto de facilitar la distribución de un flujo, ya sea de gas, aire, agua y/o soluciones, así como la captación de dicho flujo, a través de la superficie cubierta. Each of the irrigation or irrigation lines can also be joined directly to at least one of the surfaces (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2) that comprises the surface covering (1), using different plastic welding techniques. , such as by hot plate welding processes, hot air/gas welding, heat sealing, thermo fusion, extrusion welding, injection welding, ultrasonic welding, high frequency welding, laser welding, vibration welding, as well as said irrigation or irrigation lines can be attached to one of the surfaces of the film or sheet (2) by means of mechanical elements, such as by means of a double contact adhesive tape, for example adhesive, sailboat among others, as well as through of different solutions, such as glues. The material of the film or sheet (2) can comprise a plastic, a thermoplastic, such as, for example, preferably it can comprise a transparent polyethylene resistant to UV rays, where said film can also comprise a padded plastic surface, so to maintain the insulation of the covered surface. The materials, sizes, color and/or thickness of the film or sheet (2) can be as varied according to the particular requirement, such as they can include biodegradable materials, with multilayer substrates, with different optical properties, with photo-selective materials, anti-static, and/or a combination of these, as well as they can incorporate insecticides, herbicides, anti-fungals, with antiviral properties, fertilizers among other solutions and/or a combination of these, as well as particles and/or nano-particles of different materials and/or minerals, and/or a combination of these. The irrigation or double irrigation lines (9) may comprise different sizes, colors, resistance, materials, according to the type of flow that will be delivered, distributed and/or removed from the surface, where said pipe may comprise perforations, micro-perforations. , grooves, where the materials may include PVC, Polyethylene, Plansa, rubber, among others, and/or a combination of these. The mantle, folder or cover of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise at least one geotextile, a geonet, a padding attached and/or fixed to one of the upper surfaces and /or bottom (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2), covering the entire extension, size and/or shape of said mantle, folder or cover, as well as partially covering the extension of said cover. The configuration of said geotextile and/or geonetwork may comprise a biplanar and/or tñplanar configuration, in order to facilitate the distribution of a flow, whether of gas, air, water and/or solutions, as well as the capture of said flow, across the covered surface.
En otra modalidad de la invención, un film adicional es dispuesto, fijado, unido o colocado por sobre el dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de forma tal de cubrir toda la superficie que cubre el al menos un film o lamina (2) que comprende dicho dispositivo cuando se encuentra dispuesto o bien cubriendo la pila, y donde dicha configuración del dispositivo (1 ) puede comprender dos láminas de film (2), una dispuesta sobre la otra y unidas entre sí, de forma tal que dicho segundo film es dispuesto con el objeto de mejorar más una la impermeabilidad del dispositivo, para retener de mejor forma los gases por debajo de la superficie que cubre el dispositivo, y mejorar la extracción de los gases, evitando así que se emanen al medio ambiente. In another embodiment of the invention, an additional film is arranged, fixed, attached or placed on the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles, in such a way as to cover the entire surface covered by the al at least one film or sheet (2) that comprises said device when it is arranged or covering the stack, and where said configuration of the device (1) can comprise two sheets of film (2), one arranged on top of the other and joined together. , in such a way that said second film is arranged in order to further improve the impermeability of the device, to better retain the gases below the surface that covers the device, and improve the extraction of the gases, thus preventing emanate into the environment.
El dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación puede comprender además un segundo dispositivo para realizar la entrega y/o extracción de fluidos de las pilas de lixiviación, que comprende al menos un film o lamina que posee una superficie superior y una superficie inferior que definen un área de cobertura definida por el film o lamina, al menos una línea de conducción, distribución, entrega, retiro y/o extracción de un flujo, tal como una solución, agua, gas, aire, entre otros, es, adosada, unida y/o fijada a la superficie inferior del film o lamina, y al menos una tubería de alineación y/o extracción principal de flujos, unida a la al menos una línea de conducción, distribución, entrega, retiro y/o extracción de un flujo, tal como una solución, agua, gas, aire, entre otros, que posee al menos un medio de regulación de presión, y donde además cada una de las líneas de distribución, entrega y/o extracción de flujos puede comprender medios de regulación de presión. The cover device (1) for irrigation and extraction of gases in leaching piles may also comprise a second device for delivering and/or extracting fluids from the leaching piles, which comprises at least one film or sheet that has a upper surface and a lower surface that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet, at least one line of conduction, distribution, delivery, withdrawal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air, among others, it is attached, joined and/or fixed to the lower surface of the film or sheet, and at least one alignment and/or main flow extraction pipe, joined to the at least one conduction, distribution, delivery line, withdrawal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air, among others, that has at least one means of pressure regulation, and where in addition each of the distribution, delivery and/or extraction lines of flows may comprise pressure regulation means.
El manto, carpeta o cubierta del dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, además puede comprender al menos una perforación realizada a través del film o lamina (2), de forma tal que dicha perforación puede coincidir con un medio de irrigación de una línea de irrigación o regadío, de forma tal que dicha perforación permite facilitar la plantación de plantas de acuerdo a un patrón predeterminado, para efectos de la utilización como un elemento en la plasticultura. Dicha perforación, puede comprende un patrón de troquelado de la capa de film, mediante micro- perforaciones, perforaciones, y/o punzonado, del perímetro de la perforación, de forma tal que permita ser quitada dicha porción circunscrita de film o lamina (2) cuando sea necesario su utilización, para facilitar así la formación de la perforación a través del film (2), y evitar que el film se rasgue en un patrón no deseado. The mantle, folder or cover of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps may also comprise at least one perforation made through the film or sheet (2), such that said perforation can coincide with an irrigation means of an irrigation or irrigation line, such that said perforation makes it possible to facilitate the planting of plants according to a predetermined pattern, for the purposes of use as an element in plasticulture. Said perforation may comprise a die-cut pattern of the film layer, using micro-perforations, perforations, and/or punching, of the perimeter of the perforation, in such a way that said circumscribed portion of film or sheet can be removed (2). when its use is necessary, to facilitate the formation of the perforation through the film (2), and prevent the film from tearing in an unwanted pattern.
Al menos un sensor de flujo es fijado, retenido y/o unido a al menos una de las líneas de irrigación o regadío, de forma tal, que dicho sensor permite medir las condiciones de flujo de las tuberías de irrigación en forma individual para transmitir y/o controlar el flujo en dichas tubería de irrigación mediante el sistema de monitoreo, control y/o transmisión remota autónoma, para controlar y/o monitorear en forma remota las condiciones de flujo que es conducido a través de dicha tubería, este monitoreo permite saber si existe alguna tubería de irrigación del al menos una línea de irrigación o regadío taponeado, tal como por ejemplo si la tubería de regadío que originalmente se encuentra regando la solución sobre la pila se obstruye o taponea, es reemplazada en su irrigación por su tuberías gemela, lo que permite mantener en el tiempo una irrigación o regadío constate y uniformes en la pila de lixiviación. En una forma alternativa dichos sensores de flujo, pueden comprender su propio sistema de transmisión y control remoto y/o autónomo. En una modalidad de la invención, los bordes de extremo opuestos y bordes laterales opuestos del film (2) pueden comprender medios de unión, tal como por ejemplo elementos de unión machihembrado de forma tal de poder unir dicho film (2) en forma lateral o bien por sus extremos a otros films (2) adyacentes, así como también a través de otros medios unión, tal como una tira film perforado o con ojales que permite unir los bordes de la lamina o film en forma mecánica a la superficie de la pila de lixiviación, así como también dichos bordes lateral y extremos del fil o lamina, pueden tener un mayor espesor para poder fijar medios de fijación para unir el film entre estos, o también a la superficie de la pila de lixiviación. Además, los bordes de extremo opuestos y bordes laterales opuestos del film (2) pueden comprender bolsillos para lastre, que en su interior pueden estar vaciados, o bien pueden ser dispuesta mangueras, bolsas u otro, donde dichos bolsillos pueden comprender conectores para ser llenados, de forma tal de proporcionar peso al film o lamina (2). At least one flow sensor is fixed, retained and/or attached to at least one of the irrigation or irrigation lines, in such a way that said sensor allows measuring the flow conditions of the irrigation pipes individually to transmit and / or control the flow in said irrigation pipes through the monitoring, control and / or autonomous remote transmission system, to remotely control and / or monitor the flow conditions that are conducted through said pipe, this monitoring allows knowing If there is any irrigation pipe of at least one irrigation or irrigation line clogged, such as if the irrigation pipe that is originally irrigating the solution over the basin becomes clogged or clogged, it is replaced in its irrigation by its twin pipes. , which allows constant and uniform irrigation or irrigation to be maintained over time in the leaching pile. In an alternative form, said flow sensors may comprise their own remote and/or autonomous transmission and control system. In one embodiment of the invention, the opposite end edges and opposite side edges of the film (2) may comprise joining means, such as, for example, tongue-and-groove joining elements so as to be able to join said film (2) laterally or either by their ends to other adjacent films (2), as well as through other joining means, such as a perforated film strip or with eyelets that allows the edges of the sheet or film to be mechanically attached to the surface of the stack. of leaching, as well as said side and end edges of the film or sheet, may have a greater thickness to be able to fix fixing means to join the film between them, or also to the surface of the leaching pile. Furthermore, the opposite end edges and opposite side edges of the film (2) may comprise ballast pockets, which may be emptied inside, or hoses, bags or other may be provided, where said pockets may comprise connectors to be filled. , in such a way as to provide weight to the film or sheet (2).
La configuración del dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, permite cubrir la pila de lixiviación y desplegar a la vez la malla de irrigación en forma conjunta, donde los gases que se producen del proceso de lixiviación son extraídos a través del medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) hacia un sistema de recuperación de los gases, los cuales son condensados e incorporados a la solución de lixiviación, o bien envasados, lo cual se ¡lustra en forma esquemática en la figura 5, con lo cual se logra mantener el área de lixiviación, que corresponde al área de la pila de lixiviación, libre de gases caminantes que pueden contaminar el medio ambiente, y a su vez mantener un ambiente libre de contaminación, de forma de evitar exponer el personal a dichos gases, que pueden ser nocivos. The configuration of the cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching piles allows the leaching pile to be covered and at the same time deploy the irrigation mesh together, where the gases produced from the leaching process are extracted through the medium or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) towards a gas recovery system, which are condensed and incorporated into the leaching solution, or packaged, which is illustrated in schematically in Figure 5, which makes it possible to maintain the leaching area, which corresponds to the area of the leaching pile, free of wandering gases that can contaminate the environment, and at the same time maintain a contamination-free environment, way to avoid exposing personnel to these gases, which can be harmful.
Si bien la forma dispositiva (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación aquí descrita constituyen una inclusión preferida de esta invención, se debe entender que la invención no se limita a esta forma precisa del dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, y que se pueden hacer cambios en ésta sin apartarse del alcance de la invención, que se definen en las reivindicaciones adjuntas. Although the device form (1) of cover for irrigation and gas extraction in leach heaps described here constitutes a preferred inclusion of this invention, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to this precise form of the cover device (1). for irrigation and gas extraction in leach heaps, and that changes can be made to it without departing from the scope of the invention, which are defined in the attached claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, comprende al menos un manto, carpeta o cubierta formada por un film o lamina (2), al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) de soluciones o fluidos, CARACTERIZADO por además comprende al menos un medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) desde y/o hacia la pila de lixiviación. 1.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, comprising at least one mantle, folder or cover formed by a film or sheet (2), at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) of solutions or fluids, CHARACTERIZED by also comprising at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or to the leaching pile.
2.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque el film o lamina (2) posee una superficie superior (3) y una superficie inferior (4) que definen un área de cobertura definida por el film o lamina (2), donde la superficie inferior (4) del film (2), es aquella superficie que queda mirando a la superficie que será cubierta o bien sobre la cual será dispuesto dispositivo. 2.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the film or sheet (2) has an upper surface (3) and a lower surface (4) that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet (2), where the lower surface (4) of the film (2) is that surface that faces the surface that will be covered or on which the device will be arranged.
3.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 y/o 2, CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5), es unida y/o fijada a la superficie inferior (4) del film (2), en una modalidad preferida, sin embargo, dicha línea de regadío o irrigación (5), puede ser unida y/o fijada a la superficie superior (3) del film (2), así como el film (2) puede ser dotado de líneas de regadío o irrigación (5) en ambas superficies inferior y superior (3, 4). 3.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claim 1 and/or 2, CHARACTERIZED because the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is joined and/or or fixed to the lower surface (4) of the film (2), in a preferred embodiment, however, said irrigation or irrigation line (5), can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film ( 2), as well as the film (2) can be provided with irrigation or irrigation lines (5) on both lower and upper surfaces (3, 4).
4.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , 2 y/o 3, CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) comprende al menos un medio de entrega o distribución de un flujo hacia la superficie de la pila de lixiviación, que puede comprender al menos un elemento para irrigación, que se encuentra dispuesto en una distribución espaciada a lo largo de la línea de regadío o irrigación (5), que puede comprender un aspersor, un gotero, un micro- aspersor, o cualquier otro medio de distribución de fluidos, agua, soluciones, entre otras. 4.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claim 1, 2 and/or 3, CHARACTERIZED because the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) comprises at least a means for delivering or distributing a flow towards the surface of the leaching pile, which may comprise at least one element for irrigation, which is arranged in a spaced distribution along the irrigation or irrigation line (5), which may comprise a sprinkler, a dripper, a micro-sprinkler, or any other means of distributing fluids, water, solutions, among others.
5.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, CARACTERIZADO porque el al menos un medio o elemento para la extracción y/o distribución de gases (6) desde y/o hacia la pila de lixiviación, comprende un terminal de succión (7) que se encuentran fijado en al menos un orificio formado en el film (2), y donde dicho terminal de succión (7) comprende una boca, un elemento o tubo de conexión (8) que es fijado al terminal de succión por un primer extremo y donde el extremo opuesto es fijado a un elemento de unión (9), que en forma preferente tiene de forma de “T”, que se encuentra fijado a una tubería o elemento de extracción y/o distribución (10) que en uno de sus extremos posee conectado un extractor y/o distribuidor de gases o aire (11 ). 5.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and extraction of gases in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 4, CHARACTERIZED because the at least one means or element for the extraction and/or distribution of gases (6) from and/or towards the leaching pile, it comprises a suction terminal (7) that is fixed in at least one hole formed in the film (2), and where said suction terminal (7) comprises a mouth, an element or connection tube (8) that is fixed to the suction terminal by a first end and where the opposite end is fixed to a connecting element (9), which preferably has a “T” shape, which is fixed to a pipe or extraction and/or distribution element (10) that has a gas or air extractor and/or distributor (11) connected to one of its ends.
6.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 5, CARACTERIZADO porque la al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación (5) se encuentra conectada a una línea de alimentación de un fluido para ser irrigado sobre la pila de lixiviación, y donde la línea de regadío o irrigación (5) puede tener una configuración doble, donde dicha línea de regadío o irrigación doble, puede ser unida y/o fijada a la superficie superior (3) del film o lamina (2), y donde la línea de regadío o irrigación doble comprende al menos dos tuberías de irrigación, donde cada una de dichas tuberías de irrigación comprende al menos un medio de irrigación, donde dicho medio de irrigación se encuentra dispuesto en una distribución espaciada a lo largo de la tubería de irrigación, y/o la línea de alimentación de fluido a la línea de regadío o irrigación (5), puede comprender al menos una línea de alimentación doble de fluidos o soluciones, que comprende dos tuberías de alimentación, las cuales comprenden válvulas y medios de control de flujo independientes entre sí, y donde dichas tuberías de alimentación, alimentan las soluciones o los fluidos a la al menos una línea de regadío o irrigación doble, de forma tal que la primera tubería de irrigación se encuentra conectada a la primera tubería de alimentación, y la segunda tubería de irrigación se encuentra conectada a la segunda tubería de alimentación., y donde además la línea de irrigación (5) así como la línea doble de irrigación es adosada, unida y/o fijada a al menos una superficie (3, 4) del film o lamina (2) mediante al menos un elemento de fijación y/o unión, que se encuentra configurado como una tira, huincha y/o franja de una lámina o film, que comprende una superficie superior e inferior definida por bordes de extremos opuestos y bordes laterales opuestos, que definen un área o superficie de diferentes dimensiones, y donde dicha tira, franja y/o huincha comprende al menos una perforación que forman una huincha que posee un patrón de perforación predefinido, donde dicho al menos un elemento de fijación y/o unión permite unir la línea de irrigación o regadío a al menos una de las superficies del film, de forma que dicha línea de irrigación o regadío queda dispuesta entre dicha franja, huincha y/o tira y la al menos una superficie del film (2), de forma tal que porciones laterales de dicha huincha, franja y/o tira es fijada al menos una superficie del film o lamina (2), para que quede entremedio dicha línea de irrigación o regadío. 6.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 5, CHARACTERIZED because the at least one irrigation or irrigation line (5) is connected to a feeding a fluid to be irrigated on the leaching pile, and where the irrigation or irrigation line (5) can have a double configuration, where said double irrigation or irrigation line can be joined and/or fixed to the upper surface (3) of the film or sheet (2), and where the irrigation or double irrigation line comprises at least two irrigation pipes, where each of said irrigation pipes comprises at least one irrigation means, where said irrigation means is is arranged in a spaced distribution along the irrigation pipe, and/or the fluid supply line to the irrigation or irrigation line (5), may comprise at least one double supply line of fluids or solutions, which It comprises two feed pipes, which comprise valves and flow control means independent of each other, and where said feed pipes feed the solutions or fluids to the at least one irrigation or double irrigation line, in such a way that the first irrigation pipe is connected to the first supply pipe, and the second irrigation pipe is connected to the second supply pipe, and where in addition the irrigation line (5) as well as the double irrigation line is attached , joined and/or fixed to at least one surface (3, 4) of the film or sheet (2) by means of at least one fixing and/or joining element, which is configured as a strip, tape and/or fringe of a sheet or film, which comprises an upper and lower surface defined by edges of opposite ends and opposite side edges, which define an area or surface of different dimensions, and where said strip, strip and/or strip comprises at least one perforation that forms a strip that has a predefined perforation pattern, where said at least one fixing and/or union element allows joining the irrigation or irrigation line to at least one of the surfaces of the film, so that said irrigation or irrigation line is arranged between said strip, strip and/or strip and the at least one surface of the film (2), so such that lateral portions of said strip, fringe and/or strip are fixed to at least one surface of the film or sheet (2), so that said irrigation or irrigation line is located between them.
7.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende sensores que pueden medir y/o monitorear, la temperatura, la humedad, el flujo de aire, la luminosidad, radiación, evaporación, saturación de la superficie, aireación, entre otros parámetros, así como dichos sensores pueden comprender microcámaras para la captura de imágenes, imágenes infrarrojas, entre otros. 7.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 6, CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises sensors that can measure and/or monitor temperature, humidity, flow of air, luminosity, radiation, evaporation, surface saturation, aeration, among other parameters, as well as said sensors may include microcameras for capturing images, infrared images, among others.
8.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 7, CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende al menos un geotextil, una geo red, un acolchado unido y/o fijado a una de las superficies superior y/o inferior del film o lamina (2), cubriendo la totalidad de la extensión, tamaño y/o forma de dicho film, así como puede cubrir parcialmente la extensión. 8.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 7, CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises at least one geotextile, a geonet, a padding attached and/or fixed to one of the upper and/or lower surfaces of the film or sheet (2), covering the entire extension, size and/or shape of said film, as well as partially covering the extension.
9.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 8, CARACTERIZADO porque los bordes de extremo (5, 6) opuestos y bordes laterales (7, 8) opuestos del film (2) del dispositivo (1 ), además comprenden medios de unión, tal como por ejemplo elementos de unión machihembrado, para unir dicho film (2) en forma lateral o bien por sus extremos a otros films (2) adyacentes, dichos medios de unión pueden comprender una tira de film perforado o con ojales para unir los bordes de la lámina o film en forma mecánica a la superficie de la pila de lixiviación, así como también dichos bordes lateral y extremos del film o lamina, pueden tener un mayor espesor para poder fijar medios de fijación para unir el film entre estos, o también a la superficie de la pila de lixiviación, además, los bordes de extremo (5, 6) opuestos y bordes laterales (7, 8) opuestos del film (2) del dispositivo (1 ) pueden comprender bolsillos para lastre, que en su interior pueden estar vaciados, o bien pueden ser dispuesta mangueras, bolsas u otro, donde dichos bolsillos pueden comprender conectores para ser llenados, de forma tal de proporcionar peso al fil o lamina (2). 9.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 8, CHARACTERIZED because the opposite end edges (5, 6) and opposite side edges (7, 8) of the film (2) of the device (1), they also comprise joining means, such as, for example, tongue-and-groove joining elements, to join said film (2) in a laterally or by its ends to other adjacent films (2), said joining means may comprise a strip of perforated film or with eyelets to join the edges of the sheet or film mechanically to the surface of the leaching pile, as well as As well as said side and end edges of the film or sheet, they can have a greater thickness to be able to fix fixing means to join the film between them, or also to the surface of the leaching pile, in addition, the end edges (5, 6) opposite and opposite side edges (7, 8) of the film (2) of the device (1) may comprise ballast pockets, which may be emptied inside, or hoses, bags or other may be arranged, where said pockets They may comprise connectors to be filled, in such a way as to provide weight to the film or sheet (2).
10.- Dispositivo (1 ) de cubierta para irrigación y extracción de gases en pilas de lixiviación, de acuerdo a las reivindicaciones 1 a 9, CARACTERIZADO porque además comprende un film adicional que es dispuesto, fijado, unido o colocado por sobre el dispositivo (1 ), de forma tal de cubrir toda la superficie que cubre el al menos un film o lamina (2) que comprende dicho dispositivo cuando se encuentra dispuesto o bien cubriendo la pila, y donde dicha configuración del dispositivo (1 ) puede comprender dos láminas de film (2), una dispuesta sobre la otra y unidas entre sí, y/o porque comprende además un segundo dispositivo para realizar la entrega y/o extracción de fluidos de las pilas de lixiviación, comprende al menos un film o lamina que posee una superficie superior y una superficie inferior que definen un área de cobertura definida por el film o lamina, al menos una línea de conducción, distribución, entrega, retiro y/o extracción de un flujo, tal como una solución, agua, gas, aire, entre otros, es, adosada, unida y/o fijada a la superficie inferior del film o lamina, y al menos una tubería de alineación y/o extracción principal de flujos, unida a la al menos una línea de conducción, distribución, entrega, retiro y/o extracción de un flujo, tal como una solución, agua, gas, aire, entre otros. 10.- Cover device (1) for irrigation and gas extraction in leaching heaps, according to claims 1 to 9, CHARACTERIZED because it also comprises an additional film that is arranged, fixed, joined or placed on the device ( 1), in such a way as to cover the entire surface covered by the at least one film or sheet (2) that comprises said device when it is arranged or covering the stack, and where said configuration of the device (1) may comprise two sheets of film (2), one arranged on top of the other and joined together, and/or because it also comprises a second device to deliver and/or extract fluids from the leaching piles, it comprises at least one film or sheet that has an upper surface and a lower surface that define a coverage area defined by the film or sheet, at least one line of conduction, distribution, delivery, withdrawal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air , among others, is attached, joined and/or fixed to the lower surface of the film or sheet, and at least one alignment and/or main flow extraction pipe, joined to the at least one conduction, distribution, delivery line. , removal and/or extraction of a flow, such as a solution, water, gas, air, among others.
PCT/IB2023/020060 2022-09-26 2023-09-25 Cover device for irrigation and gas removal in leaching heaps WO2024069241A1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4739973A (en) * 1986-08-13 1988-04-26 Herndon J Marvin Chemical extraction of metals from ores
WO2000036168A1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Geobiotics, Llc. High temperature heap bioleaching process
WO2008139430A2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Geobiotics Llc Drainage system for aerated heap leaching comprising perforated flat tubes
WO2012031317A1 (en) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-15 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Heap leaching
CL2016002662A1 (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-09-08 Ind Y Comercial Mantos Group S A Cover to cover surfaces that allows to deliver, distribute and / or withdraw a flow, such as air, gas, water, solutions, fluid, as well as monitor and / or control the covered surface.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4739973A (en) * 1986-08-13 1988-04-26 Herndon J Marvin Chemical extraction of metals from ores
WO2000036168A1 (en) * 1998-12-14 2000-06-22 Geobiotics, Llc. High temperature heap bioleaching process
WO2008139430A2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Geobiotics Llc Drainage system for aerated heap leaching comprising perforated flat tubes
WO2012031317A1 (en) * 2010-09-06 2012-03-15 Technological Resources Pty. Limited Heap leaching
CL2016002662A1 (en) * 2016-10-19 2017-09-08 Ind Y Comercial Mantos Group S A Cover to cover surfaces that allows to deliver, distribute and / or withdraw a flow, such as air, gas, water, solutions, fluid, as well as monitor and / or control the covered surface.

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