WO2024067726A1

WO2024067726A1 - Negative-pressure perforation and dst combination testing string

Info

Publication number: WO2024067726A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/122164
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈建波; 唐凯; 林智毅; 罗苗壮; 任国辉; 罗先东; 许嘉乐; 马自强; 苏晨; 杨登波; 李妍僖; 叶忠琼; 赵昕迪
Original assignee: 中国石油天然气集团有限公司; 中国石油集团测井有限公司
Priority date: 2022-09-30
Filing date: 2023-09-27
Publication date: 2024-04-04
Also published as: CN117803354A

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling apparatuses, and discloses a negative-pressure perforation and DST combination testing string. The negative-pressure perforation and DST combination testing string comprises an oil pipe, wherein a packer can be arranged on the oil pipe so as to be seated on an inner wall of a casing by means of the packer, thereby separating an upper annulus and a lower annulus. The negative-pressure perforation and DST combination testing string further comprises a pressure transmission pipe and a negative-pressure valve sliding sleeve, which is located in the lower annulus and is sleeved on the oil pile at the position of an oil inlet hole, wherein a pressure acting cavity is provided in the negative-pressure valve sliding sleeve, the pressure transmission pipe is in communication with the upper annulus and the pressure acting cavity, and the negative-pressure valve sliding sleeve is configured to slide off the oil pipe to open the oil inlet hole in the oil pipe when the pressure in the pressure acting cavity exceeds a first preset pressure. By means of the technical solution, the problem in the prior that negative-pressure perforation operations cannot be carried out when a packer lower annulus cannot be pressurized under special well conditions art can be solved.

Description

Negative pressure perforating test combined with pipe string

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of Chinese patent application 202211215265.4 filed on September 30, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling equipment, and in particular to a negative pressure perforation test combined pipe string.

Background technique

Perforation testing is a common completion technology in oil and gas well testing and completion. The main feature is to lower the perforating gun into the oil and gas well together with the packer and testing tools. After perforation, the subsequent acid fracturing, testing and other operations are carried out directly. This technology can avoid a series of complex engineering problems caused by the heavy mud well killing process, directly record the first-hand real test data, and save the time and cost of oil testing operations.

However, in some special well conditions, such as the annulus under the packer cannot be pressurized, negative pressure hollowing and perforating are required without using other equipment, or the pressurization in the tubing conflicts with the pressure operation of other testing tools in the combined pipe string such as OMNI valve, RDS valve, etc., and the perforating test combined operation cannot be achieved. Conventional perforating test combined operation equipment cannot meet the operation requirements.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art that the annulus below the packer cannot be pressurized under special well conditions, and to provide a negative pressure perforating test joint pipe string.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a negative pressure perforating test joint string, including an oil pipe, on which a packer can be arranged to seal on the inner wall of the casing through the packer seat, thereby separating and forming an upper annulus and a lower annulus, characterized in that the negative pressure perforating test joint string also includes a pressure transmission pipe and a negative pressure valve sleeve located in the lower annulus and sleeved on the oil inlet hole of the oil pipe, a pressure action chamber is arranged in the negative pressure valve sleeve, and the pressure transmission pipe is connected to the upper annulus and the pressure action chamber;

The negative pressure valve sleeve is configured to be able to slide off the oil pipe to open the oil inlet hole on the oil pipe when the pressure in the pressure action chamber exceeds a first preset pressure.

Optionally, the negative pressure valve sleeve further comprises a perforating gun string assembly connected to the pressure action chamber, and the perforating gun string assembly can be started when the upper annulus reaches a second preset pressure, and the second preset pressure is less than or equal to the first preset pressure;

The negative pressure perforating test joint pipe string is configured to provide detonation pressure to the perforating gun string assembly through a pressure transmission pipe, and to provide pressure to the pressure action chamber.

Optionally, the negative pressure valve sleeve includes a sliding portion sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the oil pipe and a pushing portion connected to the bottom end of the sliding portion, and the pressure action chamber is defined by the pushing portion, part of the sliding portion and the bottom of the oil pipe.

Optionally, the negative pressure perforating test string further includes a pressure shear member, through which the sliding portion is relatively fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the oil pipe, and the pressure shear member is configured to fail at the second starting pressure.

Optionally, the pressure shear member is a pin-shaped structure, which can withstand The shear force of the first preset pressure causes the fracture from the middle.

Optionally, the negative pressure perforation test string is provided with a plurality of the pressure shearing members, and the plurality of the pressure shearing members are evenly arranged around the outer circumference of the oil pipe.

Optionally, the first preset pressure is set to 4-8 MPa.

Optionally, a one-way valve is provided on the pressure transmission pipe, and the one-way valve is configured to allow the fluid to flow from the upper annulus to the pressure action chamber in one direction.

Optionally, the pressure chamber is in communication with the perforating gun string assembly.

Optionally, the perforating gun string assembly includes a shock absorbing assembly, a detonator and a perforating gun which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction.

Optionally, the detonator includes a pneumatic chamber, the shock absorbing assembly includes a gas channel, and the pneumatic chamber is connected to the pressure action chamber through the gas channel.

Optionally, the negative pressure valve sleeve further includes a slideway and a slider matching the slideway, the slideway is fixed to the outer surface of the oil pipe, and the extension direction of the slideway is the same as the direction in which the negative pressure valve sleeve slides off the oil pipe.

Optionally, the slideway is arranged to protrude from the outer surface of the oil pipe, and the sliding block is provided with a groove matching the slideway.

Optionally, the negative pressure valve sleeve includes a limiter, and the limiter can stop the negative pressure valve sleeve in a slipping state.

Optionally, a sealing ring is provided at the edge of the oil inlet hole and surrounds the oil inlet hole.

Through the above technical solution, the oil pipe is prevented from being connected to the lower annulus during negative pressure perforating operation. The pressure in the oil pipe can be set to the pressure of the medium filled inside, so that the pressure in the oil pipe is relatively low, so that the fluid in the lower annulus actively flows into the oil pipe under the action of pressure, and the oil The tubing and the pressure transmission pipe are relatively isolated and not connected to each other. The tubing startup is only controlled by the pressure of the upper annulus. After the perforating operation is completed, the tubing is connected to the lower annulus so that the fluid can flow into the tubing, and the negative pressure perforating test can be completed smoothly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a negative pressure perforation test string according to the present invention;

FIG2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure in FIG1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a part of the structure in FIG. 2 .

Description of Reference Numerals

10-upper annulus, 20-packer, 30-negative pressure valve sleeve, 31-sliding part, 32-pushing part, 321-pressure bearing surface, 33-pressure action chamber, 34-pressure shearing member, 35-sealing ring, 40-lower annulus, 50-casing, 60-bypass pressure transmission device, 61-pressure transmission pipe, 62-check valve, 70-oil pipe, 71-oil inlet hole, 72-bottom shell, 80-perforating gun string assembly, 81-shock absorbing assembly, 82-initiator, 83-perforating gun.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not used to limit the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", and "outside" generally refer to the position of a device or equipment. It should be noted that this is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features.

In the present invention, “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly defined.

On the one hand, the present invention provides a negative pressure perforating test string, including an oil pipe 70, on which a packer 20 can be arranged to seal on the inner wall of a casing 50 through the packer 20, thereby separating an upper annulus 10 and a lower annulus 40. The present invention is characterized in that the negative pressure perforating test string also includes a pressure transmission pipe 61 and a negative pressure valve sleeve 30 located in the lower annulus 40 and sleeved on the oil inlet hole position of the oil pipe 70, a pressure action chamber 33 is arranged in the negative pressure valve sleeve 30, and the pressure transmission pipe 61 is connected to the upper annulus 10 and the pressure action chamber 33; the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 is arranged to be able to slide off the oil pipe 70 to open the oil inlet hole 71 on the oil pipe 70 when the pressure in the pressure action chamber 33 exceeds a first preset pressure.

Through the above technical solution, as shown in Figures 1-3, the oil pipe 70 is prevented from being connected to the lower annulus 40 during negative pressure perforating operations. The pressure in the oil pipe 70 can be set to the pressure of the medium filled inside. For example, the oil pipe 70 can be filled with light oil or other media to make the pressure therein relatively low. When the oil pipe 70 is connected to the lower annulus 40, the fluid in the lower annulus 40 actively flows into the oil pipe 70 under the action of pressure. The oil pipe 70 and the pressure transmission pipe 61 are relatively isolated and not connected to each other. The negative pressure valve sleeve 30 can be acted on by the pressure of the upper annulus 10 to apply pressure to the pressure action chamber 33 through the pressure transmission pipe 61, thereby using the pressure to push the negative pressure valve slide 30 from The oil pipe 70 is slipped off, so that the oil pipe 70 blocked by the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 is connected with the lower annulus 40. Therefore, the connection between the oil pipe 70 and the lower annulus 40 is only controlled by the pressure of the upper annulus 10. After the perforating operation is completed, the oil pipe 70 is connected with the lower annulus 40, so that the fluid can flow into the oil pipe 70, so that the negative pressure perforating test can be successfully completed.

It should be noted that in the present application, the oil pipe 70 is not connected to equipment such as a perforating gun, but is only connected to the lower annulus 40 through the oil inlet hole 71. The pressure action chamber 33 may be a cavity structure between the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 and the oil pipe 70. The surface where the pressure action chamber contacts the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 may be the surface of the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 facing upward, so that under the action of pressure, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 is pushed to slide downward in the vertical direction; or, in some more special design schemes, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 may also be set to a structure that is easily partially or completely destroyed under the action of pressure. When the pressure in the pressure action chamber 33 reaches a predetermined value, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 is partially or completely destroyed and falls off from the oil pipe 70, thereby achieving the purpose of opening the oil pipe 70. The first preset pressure may be set to a pressure at which the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 is partially or completely destroyed. In the technical solution using partial destruction, the partially destroyed structure can be set as a structure that partially extends into the side wall of the oil pipe 70, and the material and shape characteristics of this part are used to enable it to undergo destructive fracture under the action of a set force. A plurality of oil inlet holes 71 can be set around the circumference of the oil pipe 70. As an optional embodiment, the bottom of the oil pipe 70 can be provided with a bottom shell 72 that is specially matched with the negative pressure valve sleeve 30. The bottom shell 72 can be integrated with the oil pipe 70 or set separately. When it is set separately, the bottom shell 72 can be an independent component, as shown in Figure 3, wherein the bottom shell 72 can be connected to the oil pipe 70 by means of snaps, threads, flanges, etc. The negative pressure perforating test string described in the application can also include a perforating gun, testing equipment, etc. After the perforating gun is detonated, the reservoir is detected using the testing equipment.

In addition, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 also includes a perforating gun string assembly 80 connected to the pressure action chamber 33. The perforating gun string assembly 80 can be started when the upper annulus 10 reaches a second preset pressure, which is less than or equal to the first preset pressure; so that the oil pipe 70 is connected to the lower annulus 40 after the perforating operation is completed. The negative pressure perforating test joint pipe string is configured to provide the detonation pressure to the perforating gun string assembly 80 through the pressure transmission pipe 61, and to provide pressure to the pressure action chamber 33. That is, the perforating gun string assembly 80 is connected to the pressure action chamber 33 and the pressure transmission pipe 61, and the perforating gun string assembly 80 can be started under the pressure of the upper annulus 10. The starting pressure of the perforating gun string assembly 80 can be set to be different from the starting pressure of the negative pressure valve sleeve 30, that is, the second preset pressure and the first preset pressure are set to different values, so as to control the movement of the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 and the starting of the perforating gun string assembly 80 respectively.

The bypass pressure transmission device 60 may include an interface portion arranged on the upper side of the packer 20. The first end of the pressure transmission pipe 61 may be connected to the upper annulus 10 through the interface portion. The pressure transmission pipe 61 may include a variety of specific implementation methods. For example, as shown in Figures 1-3, the pressure transmission pipe 61 passes through the bottom of the oil pipe 70 from the center of the oil pipe 70 in a vertical direction. The pressure action chamber 33 is arranged below the bottom of the oil pipe 70 so that the pressure transmission pipe 61 is connected to the pressure action chamber 33. A sealing structure such as a sealing ring may be arranged at the position where the pressure transmission pipe 61 passes through the oil pipe 70 to prevent leakage of the medium in the oil pipe 70; the pressure transmission pipe 61 may also be arranged along the outer side of the oil pipe 70, and then pass through the side wall of the pressure action chamber 33 to be connected to the pressure action chamber 33.

As a specific embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-3, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 includes a sliding portion 31 sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the oil pipe 70 and a pushing portion 32 connected to the bottom end of the sliding portion 31. The pressure action chamber 33 is defined by the pushing portion 32, part of the sliding portion 31 and the bottom of the oil pipe 70. The top surface of the pushing portion 32 is Pressure bearing surface 321.

In addition, the negative pressure perforation test string also includes a pressure shearing member 34, through which the sliding portion 31 is relatively fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the oil pipe 70, and the pressure shearing member 34 is configured to fail at the second starting pressure. The pressure shearing member 34 can be configured as a pin-shaped structure, a block or a plate. As a preferred embodiment, the pressure shearing member 34 is a pin-shaped structure, and the pin-shaped structure is configured to be able to break from the middle when subjected to the shear force of the first preset pressure. That is, the pressure shearing member 34 can be sheared and broken along the contact surface between the sliding portion 31 and the oil pipe 70. The pin-shaped structure can be configured to pass through the sliding portion 31 from the outside of the sliding portion 31 and be pinned to the side wall of the oil pipe 70.

As a specific implementation, in order to make the force borne by the pressure shear member 34 more balanced, the negative pressure perforation test string is provided with a plurality of the pressure shear members 34, and the plurality of the pressure shear members 34 are evenly arranged around the outer circumference of the oil pipe 70. It should be noted that the first preset pressure is set to the sum of the fracture shear forces of the plurality of pressure shear members 34. The first preset pressure is set to 4-8 MPa, preferably, to 6 MPa.

The pressure transmission pipe 61 may also be provided with a one-way valve 62, which is configured to allow fluid to flow from the upper annulus 10 to the pressure action chamber 33 in one direction. The one-way valve 62 can prevent the fluid or the pressure in the lower annulus 40 from flowing back into the upper annulus 10 through the pressure transmission pipe 61.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the pressure chamber 33 is connected to the perforating gun string assembly 80. The perforating gun string assembly 80 includes a shock absorbing assembly 81, a detonator 82, and a perforating gun 83 arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The perforating gun 83 can be detonated to release the shock absorbing assembly 81. The perforating gun 82 is started, and the shock absorbing assembly 81 can reduce the impact force on the pipe string when the perforating gun 83 is detonated.

In addition, the detonator 82 includes a pneumatic chamber, the shock absorbing assembly 81 includes a gas channel, and the pneumatic chamber is connected to the pressure action chamber 33 through the gas channel.

As an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 can slide more smoothly along the outer side of the oil pipe 70, the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 also includes a slideway and a slider matching the slideway, and the slideway is fixed to the outer surface of the oil pipe 70, and the extension direction of the slideway is the same as the direction in which the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 slides off the oil pipe 70.

More specifically, the slideway is protruding from the outer surface of the oil pipe 70, and the slider is provided with a groove matching the slideway. The negative pressure valve sleeve 30 includes a stopper, which can stop the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 in a slipping state. The stopper can be a protruding structure provided at the end of the slideway, and when the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 slides to this place, it can be stopped by the protruding structure at this place.

In order to ensure the sealing of the oil pipe 70 before opening, as shown in Figures 1-3, a sealing ring 35 is provided at the edge of the oil inlet hole 71 and surrounds the oil inlet hole 71. Furthermore, a plurality of sealing rings 35 can be provided, and the plurality of sealing rings 35 can be concentrically arranged to achieve a better sealing effect.

To further illustrate the negative pressure perforating test string described in the present application, the working process of the negative pressure perforating test string will be described below by taking one implementation mode of the present application as an example.

S1, as shown in Figure 1, the pipe string is lowered into the well. At this time, the packer 20 is not sealed. The pressure valve sleeve 30 is sleeved on the oil inlet hole 71 of the oil pipe 70, and the oil pipe 70 is in a closed state;

S2, pouring liquid (such as light oil or other liquid) into the oil pipe 70 to make the oil pipe 70 reach a preset lower pressure;

S3, controlling the packer 20 to perform seating, fixing the tubing string at a predetermined position in the casing 50, and separating the annular space between the casing 50 and the tubing string to form an upper annulus 10 and a lower annulus 40;

S4, pressurizing the upper annulus 10. When the pressure reaches a second preset pressure, the pressure is transmitted to the detonator 82 through the pressure transmission pipe 61, and the perforating gun 83 is controlled to start, completing the perforating operation, and the formation fluid flows into the lower annulus 40;

S5, continue to pressurize the upper annulus 10 until the pressure reaches the first preset pressure, and the pressure action chamber 33 is equal to the pressure of the upper annulus 10. At this time, the pressure shear member 34 is broken by the pressure, and the negative pressure valve sleeve 30 slips off the oil pipe 70, so that the oil pipe 70 is connected with the lower annulus 40;

S6, since the pressure in the tubing 70 is lower than the pressure in the lower annulus 40, the formation fluid entering the lower annulus 40 flows into the tubing 70 through the oil inlet hole 71, and the testing tool completes the test in the above process to obtain formation data;

S7, after the test is completed, remove the pipe column.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical concept of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention can be subjected to a variety of simple modifications. Including the various specific technical features combined in any appropriate manner. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not be further described in detail for various possible combinations. However, these simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention and belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A negative pressure perforating test string comprises an oil pipe (70), a packer (20) can be arranged on the oil pipe (70), so as to be seated on the inner wall of a casing (50) by the packer (20), thereby separating and forming an upper annulus (10) and a lower annulus (40), characterized in that the negative pressure perforating test string also comprises a pressure transmission pipe (61) and a negative pressure valve sleeve (30) located in the lower annulus (40) and sleeved at the oil inlet position of the oil pipe (70), a pressure action chamber (33) is arranged in the negative pressure valve sleeve (30), and the pressure transmission pipe (61) is connected to the upper annulus (10) and the pressure action chamber (33);

The negative pressure valve sleeve (30) comprises a sliding portion (31) sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the oil pipe (70) and a pushing portion (32) connected to the bottom end of the sliding portion (31); the pressure action chamber (33) is defined and formed by the pushing portion (32), a part of the sliding portion (31) and the bottom of the oil pipe (70);

The negative pressure valve sleeve (30) is configured to be able to slide off the oil pipe (70) to open the oil inlet hole (71) on the oil pipe (70) when the pressure in the pressure action chamber (33) exceeds a first preset pressure.
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that the negative pressure valve sleeve (30) further comprises a perforating gun string assembly (80) connected to the pressure action chamber (33), and the perforating gun string assembly (80) can be started when the upper annulus (10) reaches a second preset pressure, and the second preset pressure is less than or equal to the first preset pressure;

The negative pressure perforation test joint pipe string is configured to provide detonation pressure to the perforating gun string assembly (80) through a pressure transmission pipe (61), and to provide pressure to the pressure action chamber (33).
The negative pressure perforation test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The negative pressure perforation test string also includes a pressure shear member (34), through which the sliding portion (31) is relatively fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the oil pipe (70), and the pressure shear member (34) is configured to fail at the second starting pressure.
The negative pressure perforation test string according to claim 3 is characterized in that the pressure shear member (34) is a pin-shaped structure, and the pin-shaped structure can break from the middle when subjected to the shear force of the first preset pressure.
The negative pressure perforation test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that the negative pressure perforation test string is provided with a plurality of the pressure shear members (34), and the plurality of the pressure shear members (34) are evenly arranged around the outer circumference of the oil pipe (70).
The negative pressure perforation test string according to claim 1, characterized in that the first preset pressure is set to 4-8 MPa.
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that a one-way valve (62) is provided on the pressure transmission pipe (61), and the one-way valve (62) is configured to allow one-way flow of fluid from the upper annulus (10) to the pressure action chamber (33).
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pressure action chamber (33) is connected to the perforating gun string assembly (80).
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that the perforating gun string assembly (80) includes a shock absorbing assembly (81), a detonator (82) and a perforating gun (83) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the vertical direction.
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 9 is characterized in that the detonator (82) includes a pneumatic chamber, the shock absorbing assembly (81) includes a gas channel, and the pneumatic chamber is connected to the pressure action chamber (33) through the gas channel.
According to the negative pressure perforating test string of claim 1, it is characterized in that the negative pressure valve sleeve (30) also includes a slideway and a slider matching the slideway, the slideway is fixed to the outer surface of the oil pipe (70), and the extension direction of the slideway is the same as the direction in which the negative pressure valve sleeve (30) slides off the oil pipe (70).
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 11 is characterized in that the slideway is arranged to protrude from the outer surface of the oil pipe (70), and the sliding block is provided with a groove matching the slideway.
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that the negative pressure valve sleeve (30) includes a limiter, and the limiter can stop the negative pressure valve sleeve (30) in a slipping state.
The negative pressure perforating test string according to claim 1 is characterized in that a sealing ring (35) is provided at the edge of the oil inlet hole (71) and surrounds the oil inlet hole (71).