WO2024067096A1 - 小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024067096A1
WO2024067096A1 PCT/CN2023/118554 CN2023118554W WO2024067096A1 WO 2024067096 A1 WO2024067096 A1 WO 2024067096A1 CN 2023118554 W CN2023118554 W CN 2023118554W WO 2024067096 A1 WO2024067096 A1 WO 2024067096A1
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Prior art keywords
cell
terminal
switching
communication quality
standard
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PCT/CN2023/118554
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李腾飞
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024067096A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024067096A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of cell switching, and in particular to a cell switching method, a base station, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a terminal may move to different cells. Therefore, it is necessary to change the cell providing services for the terminal as the terminal moves, that is, to perform cell switching, so as to ensure continuous communication services for the terminal. Therefore, the cell switching success rate is one of the key indicators for measuring communication network performance and service quality.
  • the cell switching process is prone to failure, resulting in a high switching failure rate and reduced service quality.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for cell switching, the method comprising: obtaining multiple communication indicators between a service cell and a terminal to determine the service communication quality; the service communication quality represents the communication quality between the service cell and the terminal; and when the service communication quality is lower than a first standard and higher than a second standard, determining an adjacent cell as the target cell for cell switching of the terminal, and sending a cell switching instruction to the terminal; the second standard is a standard that can ensure that the terminal receives the signal sent by the cell.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a base station, including at least one memory, At least one processor; the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor implements the cell switching method provided by the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the processor enables the processor to implement the cell switching method provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG1 is a flow chart of a cell switching method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG2 is a flow chart of a cell switching method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG3 is a block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process of switching failure due to PCI confusion in the related technology provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure may be described with reference to plan views and/or cross-sectional views by means of ideal schematic views of the present disclosure. Therefore, the exemplary illustrations may be modified according to manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances.
  • a terminal may move to different cells, so it is necessary to change the cell providing services for the terminal as the terminal moves, that is, perform cell switching, to ensure continuous communication services for the terminal.
  • a single communication indicator such as the distance between the terminal and the base station of the service cell can be detected, and when the communication indicator reaches a preset threshold value (such as the distance between the terminal and the base station is far), a cell switching instruction is sent to the terminal to start the cell switching process.
  • a preset threshold value such as the distance between the terminal and the base station is far
  • a single communication indicator (such as the distance between the terminal and the base station) cannot accurately determine the actual communication quality between the serving cell and the terminal.
  • the serving cell issues a cell switching command
  • the communication quality may have deteriorated and the terminal cannot receive the cell switching command.
  • the cell switching process starts "too late" and the switching fails.
  • PCI Physical Cell Identifier
  • the neighboring cells in the switching measurement report reported by the terminal are distinguished only by PCI. Therefore, when there is PCI confusion, the serving cell may obtain a cell switching instruction from the destination cell, but the terminal may actually request access to another erroneous neighboring cell with the same PCI as the destination cell, but the erroneous neighboring cell has no related instance of terminal access, resulting in switching failure.
  • the handover strategy applicable to one terminal may not be suitable for other terminals. That is, the terminal may not match the handover strategy, resulting in handover failure.
  • the disclosed embodiments can be used in the cell switching process in the communication network of 3GPP systems such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NR (New Radio).
  • 3GPP systems such as LTE (Long Term Evolution) and NR (New Radio).
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for cell switching.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure may be used to perform cell switching on a terminal, that is, to change the cell accessed by the terminal according to conditions.
  • the method of the embodiment of the present disclosure may be performed by a server-side device (such as a base station).
  • a server-side device such as a base station
  • the process of executing the cell switching method includes interaction and cooperation with the terminal.
  • the method according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes steps S101 and S102 .
  • S101 Acquire multiple communication indicators between a serving cell and a terminal to determine service communication quality.
  • the service communication quality represents the communication quality between the service cell and the terminal.
  • the comprehensive communication quality (service communication quality) between the serving cell and the terminal is determined by the multiple communication indicators.
  • the serving cell refers to a terminal, that is, the cell to which a terminal is currently connected is the serving cell for the terminal. Therefore, the serving cells of different terminals may be different, and the serving cells of the same terminal at different times may also be different.
  • RSRP Reference Signal Receiving Power
  • RSRQ Reference Signal Receiving Quality
  • SINR Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio
  • Path Loss user uplink PL (Path Loss)
  • TA Timing Advance
  • the above communication indicators are mostly downlink indicators, which are mainly to ensure that the terminal can receive signals such as cell switching instructions sent by the cell; while the uplink indicators are mainly to ensure that the serving cell can receive signals such as switching measurement reports reported by the terminal.
  • the above communication indicators are only exemplary, and are not specific limitations on the communication indicators included in the service communication quality.
  • the service communication quality may include only a part of the above communication indicators, or may also include other communication indicators.
  • S102 When the service communication quality is lower than the first standard and higher than the second standard, determine a neighboring cell as a target cell for cell switching of the terminal, and send a cell switching instruction to the terminal.
  • the second standard is a standard that can ensure that the terminal can receive a signal sent by a cell.
  • the adjacent cells are relative to the serving cell, that is, all cells adjacent to the current serving cell are adjacent cells, that is, cells that the terminal may access after leaving the serving cell.
  • the "standard” in the present disclosure is a reference value representing the quality of communication.
  • the second standard can be the minimum standard that can ensure that the terminal receives the signal sent by the cell; and the first standard is higher than the second standard, so the communication quality that meets the first standard is better than the communication quality that only meets the second standard, so the first standard can of course also ensure that the terminal can receive the signal sent by the cell.
  • each "standard” may require each pass It may also be that all communication indicators are higher or lower than the corresponding threshold value (some communication indicators may be the higher the better, some communication indicators may be the lower the better); it may also be that any one of the multiple communication indicators is required to be higher or lower than the corresponding threshold value; it may also be that multiple communication indicators are divided into multiple groups, each group includes one or more communication indicators, and at least one communication indicator in each group is required to be higher or lower than the corresponding threshold value; it may also be that one or more comprehensive indicators are calculated using each communication indicator according to different weights, and the comprehensive indicator is required to be higher or lower than the corresponding threshold value, etc.
  • the service communication quality when the service communication quality is lower than the first standard, it indicates that the communication quality is already poor, so there is a need for cell switching; and when the service communication quality is higher than the second standard, it indicates that the communication quality at this time can still ensure that the terminal receives the signal.
  • the cell switching method provided by the present invention can continuously judge the service communication quality after detecting it.
  • the service communication quality is already poor (lower than the first standard) but not too poor (higher than the second standard)
  • it selects the destination cell that the terminal should access and sends a cell switching instruction to the terminal, thereby ensuring that the terminal can receive the cell switching instruction and perform cell switching in a timely manner.
  • the service communication quality is jointly determined by multiple communication indicators. Compared with the method of using a single communication indicator as the cell switching judgment threshold, the service communication quality can more accurately represent the actual communication quality between the terminal and the current service cell. Therefore, based on the service communication quality, it can be ensured that the cell switching process is started before the communication quality deteriorates to the point where signal transmission failure may occur (that is, before the service communication quality is lower than the second standard), thereby avoiding the cell switching starting "too late” and causing the terminal to be unable to receive the cell switching instruction, thereby improving the success rate of the cell switching and improving the service quality.
  • the determining a neighboring cell as a target cell for cell switching of the terminal (S102) includes steps S10211 and S10212.
  • the neighboring cell communication quality of the neighboring cell represents the communication quality between the neighboring cell and the terminal.
  • each neighboring cell may also be obtained.
  • the communication quality between the adjacent cell and the terminal (neighboring cell communication quality) is determined based on the multiple communication indicators, so that the target cell for the terminal to access can be selected based on the neighboring cell communication quality of each adjacent cell, taking into account the signal strength, interference and load of each adjacent cell.
  • the communication quality of the destination cell in the disclosed embodiment can also meet the requirements, the cell switching will not be "too early", and the terminal can interact with the destination cell sequentially to ensure that the terminal can smoothly access the destination cell and improve the access success rate.
  • the target cell based on the neighboring cell communication quality of the neighboring cell.
  • the neighboring cell with the highest neighboring cell communication quality can be selected as the target cell; or, the target cell can be selected from all neighboring cells that meet the terminal's neighboring cell communication quality requirements in a random, load balancing, historical record, etc. manner.
  • the specific communication indicators included in the neighboring cell communication quality are also in various forms and will not be described in detail here.
  • the cell switching method further includes step S103 .
  • the third standard is the minimum standard that can ensure that the terminal can receive the signal sent by the cell.
  • the third standard is the "critical minimum standard of communication quality" to ensure that the terminal can receive the signal sent by the cell. Therefore, when the communication quality does not even meet the third standard, the terminal may not be able to receive the signal sent by the cell.
  • the third standard may be the same as the second standard, that is, if the third standard is higher than the second standard, it can be guaranteed that the terminal can receive the signal sent by the cell, but if the third standard is lower than the second standard, it cannot be guaranteed.
  • the service communication quality may be very poor (i.e., lower than the third standard). Even if the serving cell immediately sends a cell switching instruction, the terminal may not be able to receive it, and thus the cell switching process may not be started. Therefore, in this case, the cell switching may not be performed, but the terminal may be actively selected to perform blind redirection (redirection without detection) to directly connect the terminal to the target frequency point to avoid attempting to perform a cell switching but ultimately failing.
  • each cell can be preset or determined based on historical records, etc., will not be described in detail here.
  • the cell switching method provided in the present disclosure further includes S1001 and S1002 .
  • the cell switching process applicable to some terminals may not be applicable to other terminals. Therefore, for the terminal accessing the cell, it can be identified in advance (determining the characteristic information), and the applicable target switching strategy is selected for the terminal according to the characteristic information.
  • a conventional switching strategy may be adopted for most conventional terminals, while a special switching strategy may be selected for some special terminals.
  • relevant terminals can be identified based on information such as IMEISV (International Mobile Equipment Identity Software Version), RFSP (Index to RAT/Frequency Selection Priority), SPID (The Subscriber Profile ID for RAT/Frequency Priority), and UE (User Equipment) capabilities.
  • IMEISV International Mobile Equipment Identity Software Version
  • RFSP Index to RAT/Frequency Selection Priority
  • SPID The Subscriber Profile ID for RAT/Frequency Priority
  • UE User Equipment
  • the target handover strategy includes at least one of the following: a first criterion, a second criterion, a cell handover instruction, and a cell handover measurement configuration.
  • the contents related to the target switching strategy may include the first standard, the second standard, the cell switching instruction, the cell switching measurement configuration, etc.; the related instructions may include the following (1) to (4).
  • the characteristic information of the terminal indicates that the communication performance is poor, it needs a higher communication quality to achieve communication, so a better communication quality standard can be set for it, that is, a higher first standard and a higher second standard can be set.
  • the terminal when the communication performance of the terminal is poor, the terminal also has high requirements for the communication quality of the destination cell. Therefore, when selecting the destination cell for it based on the communication quality of the neighboring cell, a higher threshold standard for the communication quality of the neighboring cell can also be configured, or an independent neighboring cell CIO (Cell Individual Offset) can be configured for it.
  • CIO Cell Individual Offset
  • a special cell switching instruction may be configured for it, such as using full configuration (fullconfig).
  • a special switching measurement configuration may be configured for it, such as configuring a larger TTT (Time To Trigger).
  • the redirection operation can be triggered according to the measurement report first, that is, the third standard is changed.
  • the disclosed embodiment can set an applicable switching strategy for the terminal according to the characteristic information of the terminal, thereby avoiding the cell switching failure caused by the mismatch between the terminal's own characteristics and the switching strategy, and improving the switching success rate.
  • determining a neighboring cell as a target cell for cell handover of a terminal (S102) includes steps S10221 to S10224.
  • the CGI measurement instruction is used to instruct the terminal to measure the cell global identifier (CGI) of the cell having the target PCI.
  • the base station collects PCI confusion situations in its subordinate cells in advance, such as performing neighboring cell configuration information verification, air interface CGI measurement, or manual configuration, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the serving cell sends a CGI measurement instruction to the terminal to instruct the terminal to perform CGI measurement on at least the cell with the target PCI, and receives the result CGI reported by the terminal to determine that the adjacent cell with both the target PCI and the result CGI is the target cell.
  • the cell switching method provided in the present disclosure further includes steps S1041 to S1043.
  • S1043 If the number of times a terminal accesses a cell exceeds a switching threshold within a first preset time, prohibiting the terminal from performing cell switching within a second preset time.
  • the terminal may re-access the original serving cell, but the original serving cell will again try to allow the terminal to perform a cell handover, thereby generating a cycle of continuous handovers and continuous failures.
  • the cell when a terminal accesses any cell, the cell obtains an identification mark that can represent the identity of the terminal, and records the terminal access according to the identification mark. times; thus, when it is found that a terminal has accessed the same cell multiple times (i.e., the number of accesses exceeds the switching threshold) within a relatively short period of time (the first preset time), it can be considered that the terminal is repeatedly accessing the cell and performing cell switching for some reason, so the cell switching of the terminal can be temporarily prohibited within a certain period of time (the second preset time) (switching penalty) to avoid a large number of switching failures in a short period of time.
  • the second preset time switching penalty
  • obtaining the identification of each terminal accessing each cell (S1041) includes steps S104111 and S104112.
  • the access request carries the identification information of the terminal.
  • the terminal may be specifically required to carry its identification information in the access request message sent to the source base station, so that the identification identifier of the accessed terminal can be determined according to the identification information.
  • the identification information of the terminal may be S-TMSI (System Architecture Evolution-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity) and the like.
  • the S-TMSI may be updated as the terminal initiates TAU (Tracking Area Location Update) and other processes. Therefore, the S-TMSI carried by a terminal when accessing a cell multiple times may be the same, or it may change according to a certain rule (such as N S-TMSIs are used in rotation). Therefore, the cell should uniformly identify the S-TMSI actually corresponding to a terminal as an identification identifier, such as merging multiple S-TMSIs according to the rule.
  • TAU Track Area Location Update
  • the protocol cell can be modified to require the terminal to carry both the S-TMSI and the S-TMSI before the most recent update (old S-TMSI) in the access request message, so that the cell can associate all the S-TMSIs of a terminal together according to the old S-TMSI each time.
  • obtaining the identification of each terminal accessing each cell (S1041) includes steps S104121 and S104122.
  • the terminal accesses the cell, it receives a context establishment request sent by the core network.
  • the context establishment request includes identification information of the terminal.
  • the core network After the terminal accesses successfully, the core network
  • the identification information in the context establishment request is used to determine the identification identifier of the terminal.
  • the identification identifier can be a core network ID (identifier).
  • the core network ID can be an AMF (access and mobility management function) UE NGAP (NG Application Protocol) ID, referred to as NGAP ID.
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • UE NGAP NG Application Protocol
  • the core network After the terminal successfully initiates access to the source base station, the core network will carry the NGAP ID of this terminal in the initial context establishment request.
  • the NGAP ID of a terminal can be the same when it accesses multiple times, or it can change according to a certain rule (such as N NGAP IDs are used in rotation), so the cell should uniformly identify the NGAP ID actually corresponding to a terminal as an identification identifier, such as merging multiple NGAP IDs according to the rule.
  • it can also be a modified protocol cell, carrying both the NGAP ID and the most recent NGAP ID (old NGAP ID) in the initial context establishment request, so that the cell can associate all NGAP IDs of a terminal together according to the old NGAP ID.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a base station, including at least one memory and at least one processor; the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the processor, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the processor implements the cell switching method provided by the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon.
  • the processor implements the cell switching method provided by the present disclosure.
  • a processor is a device with data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a central processing unit (CPU); a memory is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory (FLASH); an I/O interface (read-write interface) is connected between the processor and the memory, and can realize information exchange between the memory and the processor, including but not limited to a data bus (Bus), etc.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • a memory is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and flash memory (FLASH); an I/O interface (read-write interface) is connected between the processor and the memory, and can realize information exchange between the memory and the processor, including but not limited to a data bus (Bus
  • the division between functional modules/units mentioned in the above description does not necessarily correspond to the division of physical components; for example, a physical component may have multiple A function, or a function or step can be performed by several physical components in cooperation.
  • Some or all physical components may be implemented as software executed by a processor (such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor or a microprocessor), or as hardware, or as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit.
  • a processor such as a central processing unit (CPU), a digital signal processor or a microprocessor
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or temporary medium).
  • the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data).
  • Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM, more specifically SDRAM, DDR, etc.), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory (FLASH) or other disk storage; read-only compact disk (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage; magnetic cassettes, tapes, disk storage or other magnetic storage; any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media typically embodies computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种小区切换的方法，包括：获取服务小区与终端间的多个通信指标，确定服务通信质量；所述服务通信质量表征所述服务小区与终端间的通信质量；以及在所述服务通信质量低于第一标准且高于第二标准的情况下，确定一个相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区，向所述终端发送小区切换指令；所述第二标准为能保证所述终端接收到小区发送的信号的标准。本公开还提供了一种基站、一种计算机可读存储介质。

Description

小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2022年9月30日提交的中国专利申请NO.202211212307.9的优先权，该中国专利申请的内容通过引用的方式整体合并于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及小区切换技术领域，特别涉及小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
在移动通信系统，如3GPP(the 3rd Generation Partner Project，第三代合作伙伴计划)的移动通信系统中，终端可能移动到不同的小区，故需要随着终端的移动改变为终端提供服务的小区，即进行小区切换，以保证为终端提供持续的通信服务；由此，小区切换成功率是衡量通信网络性能和服务质量的关键指标之一。
但一些相关技术中，小区切换过程容易出现失败，导致切换失败率高，服务质量降低。
公开内容
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种小区切换的方法，所述方法包括：获取服务小区与终端间的多个通信指标，确定服务通信质量；所述服务通信质量表征所述服务小区与终端间的通信质量；以及在所述服务通信质量低于第一标准且高于第二标准的情况下，确定一个相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区，向所述终端发送小区切换指令；所述第二标准为能保证所述终端接收到小区发送的信号的标准。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种基站，包括至少一个存储器、 至少一个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现本公开提供的小区切换的方法。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现本公开提供的小区切换的方法。
附图说明
在本公开实施例的附图中：
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种小区切换的方法的流程图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的一种小区切换的方法的流程图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种基站的组成框图；以及
图4为本公开实施例提供的相关技术中因PCI混淆导致切换失败的过程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质进行详细描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述本公开，但是所示的实施例可以以不同形式来体现，且本公开不应当被解释为限于以下阐述的实施例。提供这些实施例的目的在于使本公开更加透彻和完整，并使本领域技术人员充分理解本公开的范围。
本公开实施例的附图用来提供对本公开实施例的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与详细实施例一起用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的限制。通过参考附图对详细实施例进行描述，以上和其它特征和优点对本领域技术人员将变得更加显而易见。
本公开可借助本公开的理想示意图而参考平面图和/或截面图进行描述。因此，可根据制造技术和/或容限来修改示例图示。
在不冲突的情况下，本公开各实施例及实施例中的各特征可相 互组合。
本公开所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施例，且不意欲限制本公开。如本公开所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。如本公开所使用的单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚指出。如本公开所使用的术语“包括”、“由……制成”，指定存在特定特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但不排除存在或可添加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。
除非另外限定，否则本公开所用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解，诸如在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本公开的背景下的含义一致的含义，且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义，除非本公开明确如此限定。
本公开不限于附图中所示的实施例，而是包括基于制造工艺而形成的配置的修改。因此，附图中例示的区具有示意性属性，并且图中所示区的形状例示了元件的区的具体形状，但并不是限制性的。
在3GPP移动通信系统中，终端可能移动到不同的小区，故需要随着终端的移动改变为终端提供服务的小区，即进行小区切换，以保证为终端提供持续的通信服务。
在一些相关技术中，可检测终端与服务小区的基站间的距离等单一的通信指标，并在该通信指标达到预设的门限值(如终端与基站间的距离较远)时，向终端发送小区切换指令，开始小区切换过程。
但相关技术中的小区切换过程容易失败，其具体可能包括以下原因(1)至(5)。
(1)通过单一的通信指标(如终端与基站间的距离)，并不能准确判断服务小区与终端间的真实通信质量，从而导致服务小区发出小区切换指令时，通信质量可能已经恶化，终端无法收到小区切换指令，即小区切换过程开始“过晚”，切换失败。
(2)相关技术选择的目的小区与终端间的通信质量同样没有保证，可能导致目的小区的通信质量不好，终端无法顺利接入目的小区， 即小区切换过程开始“过早”。
(3)PCI(物理小区标识，Physical Cell Identifier)混淆是指多个相邻小区具有相同的PCI的情况。
相关技术中，终端上报的切换测量报告中的相邻小区只用PCI区分，从而当存在PCI混淆时，服务小区可能向目的小区获取小区切换指令，但终端可能实际向另一个与目的小区具有相同PCI的错误的相邻小区请求接入，但该错误的相邻小区没有终端接入的相关实例，导致切换失败。
(4)不同终端对通信质量的要求、采用的协议、测量误差等都可能有不同，故适用于一个终端的切换策略可能并不适于其它终端，即终端可能与切换策略不相匹配，导致切换失败。
(5)相关技术中，当切换失败时，终端会重新接入原服务小区，而终端接入原服务小区后很可能仍符合触发小区切换的条件，故会再次发起小区切换，而本次小区切换仍然有可能失败，从而导致小区切换陷入“尝试小区切换-切换失败-接入原服务小区-尝试小区切换”的死循环，在短时间内产生多次的切换失败，大幅降低切换成功率和服务质量。
本公开实施例可用于LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)、NR(NewRadio，新空口)等3GPP系统的通信网络中的小区切换过程。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种小区切换的方法。
本公开实施例的方法可以用于对终端进行小区切换，即根据条件更换终端接入的小区。
本公开实施例的方法可由服务器侧设备(如基站)进行，当然，执行该小区切换的方法的过程包括与终端的交互配合。
参照图1，本公开实施例的方法包括：步骤S101和S102。
S101、获取服务小区与终端间的多个通信指标，确定服务通信质量。
服务通信质量表征服务小区与终端间的通信质量。
本公开提供的小区切换的方法中，检测以获取(如每隔预定时间获取)终端与当前连接的小区(服务小区)之间的多个通信指标， 从而通过该多个通信指标确定服务小区与终端间的综合的通信质量(服务通信质量)。
服务小区是针对终端而言的，即，一个终端当前所连接的小区对该终端而言就是服务小区，故不同终端的服务小区可能不同，同一终端在不同时间的服务小区也可能不同。
可检测的通信指标是多样的，例如用户下行RSRP(Reference Signal Receiving Power，参考信号接收功率)、用户下行RSRQ(Reference Signal Receiving Quality，参考信号接收质量)、用户下行SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，信号与干扰加噪声比)、用户上行PL(Path Loss，路径损耗)、用户上行TA(Timing Advance，定时提前)、用户上行SINR等。
以上通信指标多为下行指标，主要是为了保证终端能收到小区发送的小区切换指令等信号；而上行指标则主要是为了保证服务小区能收到终端上报的切换测量报告等信号。
应当理解，以上通信指标只是示例性的，而不是对服务通信质量所包括的通信指标的具体限定，例如，服务通信质量可仅包括以上通信指标中的一部分，也可还包括其它的通信指标。
S102、在服务通信质量低于第一标准且高于第二标准的情况下，确定一个相邻小区为终端的小区切换的目的小区，向终端发送小区切换指令。
第二标准为能保证终端接收到小区发送的信号的标准。
相邻小区是相对服务小区而言的，即与当前的服务小区相邻的所有小区都是相邻小区，也就是终端从服务小区离开后有可能接入的小区。
本公开中的“标准”是代表通信质量高低的参考值。在通信质量符合第二标准时，可保证终端接收到小区发送的信号，如第二标准可以是能保证终端接收到小区发送的信号的最低标准；而第一标准比第二标准高，故符合第一标准的通信质量比只符合第二标准的通信质量更好，因此第一标准当然也可保证终端能接收到小区发送的信号。
每种“标准”的具体形式是多样的，如标准可以是要求每种通 信指标都高于或低于(部分通信指标可能是越高越好，部分通信指标可能是越低越好)相应的门限值；也可以是要求多种通信指标中有任意一种通信指标高于或低于相应的门限值；也可以是将多个通信指标分为多组，每组包括一个或多个通信指标，而要求每组中有至少一个通信指标高于或低于相应的门限值；也可以是按照不同的权重，用各通信指标计算出一个或多个综合指标，并要求综合指标高于或低于相应的门限值等。
由此，服务通信质量低于第一标准时表明通信质量已经较差，故有小区切换的需要；而服务通信质量高于第二标准，则表明此时的通信质量仍能保证终端收到信号。
因此，本公开提供的小区切换方法可在检测到服务通信质量后不断对其进行判断，在服务通信质量已经较差(低于第一标准)但还未过差(高于第二标准)时，选择终端应接入的目的小区，并向终端发送小区切换指令，从而保证终端可以收到小区切换指令，及时地进行小区切换。
本公开提供的小区切换方法中，通过多个通信指标共同确定服务通信质量，相对于以单一通信指标作为小区切换判断门限的方式，该服务通信质量可更准确地表示出终端与当前的服务小区间真实的通信质量，故根据该服务通信质量，可保证在通信质量恶化到可能导致信号传输失败之前(即，在服务通信质量低于第二标准之前)，开始小区切换过程，避免小区切换开始“过晚”而导致终端无法收到小区切换指令，从而提高小区切换的成功率，改善服务质量。
在一些实施方式中，所述确定一个相邻小区为终端的小区切换的目的小区(S102)包括步骤S10211和S10212。
S10211、对每个相邻小区，获取其与终端间多个通信指标，确定相邻小区的邻区通信质量。
相邻小区的邻区通信质量表征相邻小区与终端间的通信质量。
S10212、根据各相邻小区的邻区通信质量，确定一个相邻小区为终端的小区切换的目的小区。
在一些实施方式中，对每个相邻小区，还可获取每个相邻小区 的多个通信指标，并根据该多个通信指标，确定出该相邻小区与终端间的通信质量(邻区通信质量)，从而可根据各相邻小区的邻区通信质量，综合考虑各相邻小区的信号强度、干扰、负荷，从中选出供终端接入的目的小区。
由此，本公开实施例中的目的小区的通信质量也能满足要求，小区切换不会“过早”，终端可顺序地与目的小区进行交互，保证终端可以顺利地接入目的小区，提高接入成功率。
根据相邻小区的邻区通信质量选择目的小区的具体方式是多样的。例如，可以选择邻区通信质量最高的相邻小区为目的小区；或者，也可以是从所有满足终端对邻区通信质量要求的相邻小区中，按照随机、负载均衡、历史记录等方式选择目的小区。
邻区通信质量所包括的具体通信指标的形式也是多样的，在此不再详细描述。
在一些实施方式中，参照图2，在确定服务通信质量(S101)之后，所述小区切换方法还包括步骤S103。
S103、在服务通信质量低于第三标准的情况下，触发终端向目标频点盲重定向。
第三标准为能保证终端接收到小区发送的信号的最低标准。
第三标准是保证终端能接收到小区发送的信号的“通信质量临界最低标准”，故当通信质量连第三标准都达不到时，终端就可能收不到小区发送的信号了。
例如，第三标准与第二标准可以是相同的，即高于该标准则能保证终端接收到小区发送的信号，低于该标准则无法保证。
在一些实施方式中，在获取多个通信指标并确定出服务通信质量后，可能服务通信质量已经很差(即低于第三标准)，即使服务小区立刻发送小区切换指令，终端也不一定能收到，从而可能无法开启小区切换流程；故这种情况下，可不进行小区切换，而是主动选择让终端进行盲重定向(不进行检测的重定向)，直接将终端连接至目标频点，以避免尝试进行小区切换却最终失败。
确定目标频点的具体方式是多样的，例如可以是每个小区预设 的，或是根据历史记录确定的等，在此不再详细描述。
在一些实施方式中，参照图2，本公开提供的小区切换方法还包括S1001和S1002。
S1001、获取终端的特性信息，确定特性信息对应的目标切换策略。
S1002、对终端的小区切换采用目标切换策略。
显然，不同终端本身的特性是不同的，故适用于一些终端的小区切换过程可能不适于其它的终端。因此，对接入小区的终端，可预先对其进行识别(确定特性信息)，并根据特性信息为该终端选择适用的目标切换策略。
例如，可以是对多数常规的终端，采用常规的切换策略；而对一些特殊的终端，则为其选择特殊的切换策略。
确定终端的特性信息的具体方式是多样的，例如可以是根据IMEISV(International Mobile Equipment Identity Software Version，国际移动设备标识软件版本)、RFSP(Index to RAT/Frequency Selection Priority，系统/频率选择优先级索引)、SPID(The Subscriber Profile ID for RAT/Frequency Priority系统/频率优先级的用户配置文件标识)、UE(User Equipment，用户设备)能力等信息识别相关终端。
在一些实施方式中，目标切换策略包括以下至少一项：第一标准、第二标准、小区切换指令、小区切换测量配置。
与目标切换策略相关的内容可包括第一标准、第二标准、小区切换指令、小区切换测量配置等；相关说明可以包括如下(1)至(4)。
(1)若终端的特性信息为通信性能较差，则其需要更高的通信质量才能实现通信，故可为其设定更好的通信质量标准，即可设置较高的第一标准、第二标准。
应当理解，终端的通信性能较差时，该终端对目的小区的通信质量的要求也高，故在根据邻区通信质量为其选择目的小区时，也可配置更高的邻区通信质量的门限标准，或者是为其配置独立的相邻小区CIO(Cell Individual Offset，小区个体偏移)。
(2)若终端的特性信息为其对部分协议信元不兼容，则可对其配置特殊的小区切换指令，如采用全配置(fullconfig)等。
(3)若终端的特性信息为其测量误差较大，则可对其配置特殊的切换测量配置，如配置较大的TTT(Time To Trigger，触发时间)。
(4)若终端的特性信息为其切换流程异常而不发送完成消息，针对该终端，可优先根据测量报告触发重定向操作，即改变第三标准。
应当理解，以上只是根据终端的特性信息设置对应的切换策略的部分例子，而终端对应的特性信息和切换策略不限于此，如还可根据终端的其它情况对其它的切换相关流程进行调整。
本公开实施例可根据终端的特性信息，为其设置适用的切换策略，从而避免因终端自身的特点与切换策略不匹配而导致小区切换失败，提高切换成功率。
在一些实施方式中，确定一个相邻小区为终端的小区切换的目的小区(S102)包括步骤S10221至S10224。
S10221、确定目的小区的PCI(Physical Cell Identifier，物理小区标识)为目的PCI。
S10222、在有至少两个相邻小区具有目的PCI的情况下，向终端下发CGI(Cell Global Identifier，小区全球标识)测量指令。
CGI测量指令用于指示终端对具有目的PCI的小区的小区全球标识(CGI)进行测量。
S10223、接收终端上报的结果CGI。
S10224、确定具有目的PCI和结果CGI的相邻小区为目的小区。
如前，部分小区可能具有相同的PCI，即存在PCI混淆。
例如，参照图4，终端在服务小区驻留，而其相邻小区包括PCI＝1、NCGI(NR Cell Global Identifier，NR小区全球标识)＝1的相邻小区A，以及PCI＝1、NCGI＝2的相邻小区B。相关技术中，进行小区切换时，终端不在相邻小区B的覆盖范围，故只测量到NCGI＝1的相邻小区A的信号，相应的，终端上报的切换测量报告只包含PCI＝1(实际针对相邻小区A)的信息；当服务小区根据该PCI＝1信息，可能实际确定PCI＝1、NCGI＝2的相邻小区B为目的小区，并从相邻小区B 获取小区切换指令，之后将小区切换指令下发给终端，但由于终端处只有NCGI＝1的相邻小区A的信号，故终端会使用来自NCGI＝2的相邻小区B的小区切换指令向相邻小区A触发小区切换流程，从而导致小区切换失败。
本公开提供的小区切换方法中，基站预先收集其下属小区中的PCI混淆的情况，例如是进行邻区配置信息校验、空口CGI测量，或者是人工配置等，在此不再详细描述。
由此，当服务小区选定的目的小区有PCI混淆(即至少一个其它相邻小区有相同的PCI，即目的PCI)，则服务小区向终端下发CGI测量指令，以指示终端至少对具有该目的PCI的小区进行CGI测量，并接收终端上报的结果CGI，以确定同时具有目的PCI和结果CGI的相邻小区才是目的小区。
例如，针对图4的情况，当服务小区选择PCI＝1的相邻小区B为目的小区时，可继续对终端下发针对PCI＝1的小区的CGI测量，从而终端测量上报的测量结果是相邻小区A的NCGI＝1(因为终端不在NCGI＝2的小区的覆盖范围内)，故服务小区可根据NCGI＝1信息，确定PCI＝1、NCGI＝1的相邻小区A才是真正的目的小区，并向定PCI＝1、NCGI＝1的小区A请求小区切换指令以下发给终端，防止由于PCI混淆而引起的切换失败，提高切换成功率。
在一些实施方式中，本公开提供的小区切换方法还包括步骤S1041至S1043。
S1041、获取接入每个小区的每个终端的识别标识。
S1042、根据识别标识，记录每个终端接入每个小区的次数。
S1043、在第一预设时间内，若一个终端接入一个小区的次数超过切换阈值，在第二预设时间内禁止终端进行小区切换。
如前，当出现小区切换失败时，终端可能重新接入原服务小区，但原服务小区又会再次尝试让终端进行小区切换，从而产生不断切换、不断失败的循环。
本公开提供的小区切换方法中，当终端接入任意小区时，小区获取能代表该终端的身份的识别标识，并根据识别标识记录终端接入 的次数；这样，当在较短时间(第一预设时间)内发现某个终端多次接入同一个小区(即接入次数超过切换阈值)，则可认为该终端是因为某些原因在不断重复地接入小区和进行小区切换，故可在一定时间内(第二预设时间)，暂时禁止该终端的小区切换(切换惩罚)，避免短时间内产生大量的切换失败。
在一些实施方式中，获取接入每个小区的每个终端的识别标识(S1041)包括步骤S104111和S104112。
S104111、接收来自终端的接入请求。
接入请求携带有终端的识别信息。
S104112、根据识别信息确定终端的识别标识。
在一些实施方式中，具体可以是要求终端在向源基站发送的接入请求消息中携带其识别信息，从而可根据该识别信息确定接入的终端的识别标识。
例如，终端的识别信息可为S-TMSI(System Architecture Evolution-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity，系统架构演进-临时移动用户识别码)等。
S-TMSI可能随着终端发起TAU(跟踪区位置更新)等流程进行更新，故一个终端多次接入小区时携带的S-TMSI可能是相同的，也可能是以一定规律变化的(如N个S-TMSI轮换使用)，故小区应当将实际对应一个终端的S-TMSI统一识别为一个识别标识，如根据规律将多个S-TMSI合并处理。或者，也可以改造协议信元，要求终端在接入请求消息中同时携带S-TMSI和最近一次更新前的S-TMSI(old S-TMSI)，从而小区可根据每次的old S-TMSI将一个终端的所有S-TMSI关联在一起。
在一些实施方式中，获取接入每个小区的每个终端的识别标识(S1041)包括步骤S104121和S104122。
S104121、终端接入小区后，接收核心网发送的上下文建立请求。
上下文建立请求包括终端的识别信息。
S104122、根据识别信息确定终端的识别标识。
在一些实施方式中，也可以是在终端接入成功后，根据核心网 的上下文建立请求中的识别信息，确定终端的识别标识。
例如，识别标识可为核心网ID(标识)，如在5G(第五代移动通信网络)网络中，核心网ID可为AMF(接入和移动管理功能)UE NGAP(NG Application Protocol，Ng应用协议)ID，简称NGAP ID。
终端向源基站发起接入并成功后，核心网在初始上下文建立请求中会携带此终端的NGAP ID。
如前，一个终端多次接入时的NGAP ID可以是相同的，也可以是一定规律变化的(如N个NGAP ID轮换使用)，故小区应当将实际对应一个终端的NGAP ID统一识别为一个识别标识，如根据规律将多个NGAP ID合并处理。或者，也可以是改造协议信元，在初始上下文建立请求中同时携带NGAP ID和最近一次的NGAP ID(old NGAP ID)，从而小区可根据old NGAP ID将一个终端的所有NGAP ID关联在一起。
第二方面，参照图3，本公开实施例提供一种基站，包括至少一个存储器、至少一个处理器；存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现本公开提供的小区切换的方法。
第三方面，本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现本公开提供的小区切换的方法。
处理器为具有数据处理能力的器件，包括但不限于中央处理器(CPU)等；存储器为具有数据存储能力的器件，包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)；I/O接口(读写接口)连接在处理器与存储器间，能实现存储器与处理器的信息交互，包括但不限于数据总线(Bus)等。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。
在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多 个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。
某些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器(如中央处理器(CPU)、数字信号处理器或微处理器)执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于随机存取存储器(RAM，更具体如SDRAM、DDR等)、只读存储器(ROM)、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)或其它磁盘存储器；只读光盘(CD-ROM)、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其它光盘存储器；磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储器；可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其它的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其它传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其它数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。
本公开已经公开了示例实施例，并且虽然采用了具体术语，但它们仅用于并仅应当被解释为一般说明性含义，并且不用于限制的目的。在一些实例中，对本领域技术人员显而易见的是，除非另外明确指出，否则与特定实施例相结合描述的特征、特性和/或元素可单独使用，或可与结合其它实施例相描述的特征、特性和/或元件组合使用。因此，本领域技术人员将理解，在不脱离由所附的权利要求阐明的本公开的范围的情况下，可进行各种形式和细节上的改变。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种小区切换的方法，包括：
    获取服务小区与终端间的多个通信指标，确定服务通信质量；其中，所述服务通信质量表征所述服务小区与终端间的通信质量；以及
    在所述服务通信质量低于第一标准且高于第二标准的情况下，确定一个相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区，向所述终端发送小区切换指令；其中，所述第二标准为能保证所述终端接收到小区发送的信号的标准。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述确定一个相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区包括：
    对每个相邻小区，获取其与所述终端间多个通信指标，确定所述相邻小区的邻区通信质量；所述相邻小区的所述邻区通信质量表征所述相邻小区与终端间的通信质量；以及
    根据各所述相邻小区的邻区通信质量，确定一个所述相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    在所述确定服务通信质量之后，在所述服务通信质量低于第三标准的情况下，触发所述终端向目标频点盲重定向；所述第三标准为能保证所述终端接收到小区发送的信号的最低标准。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    获取所述终端的特性信息，确定所述特性信息对应的目标切换策略；以及
    对所述终端的小区切换采用所述目标切换策略。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述目标切换策略包括 以下至少一项：
    所述第一标准、所述第二标准、小区切换指令、小区切换测量配置。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述确定一个相邻小区为所述终端的小区切换的目的小区包括：
    确定目的小区的物理小区标识(PCI)为目的PCI；
    在有至少两个所述相邻小区具有所述目的PCI的情况下，向所述终端下发小区全球标识(CGI)测量指令；其中，所述CGI测量指令用于指示所述终端对具有所述目的PCI的小区的小区全球标识(CGI)进行测量；
    接收所述终端上报的结果CGI；以及
    确定具有所述目的PCI和所述结果CGI的所述相邻小区为目的小区。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    获取接入每个小区的每个所述终端的识别标识；
    根据所述识别标识，记录每个所述终端接入每个小区的次数；以及
    在第一预设时间内，若一个所述终端接入一个小区的次数超过切换阈值，在第二预设时间内禁止所述终端进行小区切换。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述获取接入每个小区的每个所述终端的识别标识包括：
    接收来自所述终端的接入请求；所述接入请求携带有所述终端的识别信息；以及
    根据所述识别信息确定所述终端的识别标识。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述获取接入每个小区的每个所述终端的识别标识包括：
    所述终端接入小区后，接收核心网发送的上下文建立请求；所述上下文建立请求包括所述终端的识别信息；以及
    根据所述识别信息确定所述终端的识别标识。
  10. 一种基站，包括至少一个存储器、至少一个处理器；所述存储器存储有能被处理器执行的计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的小区切换的方法。
  11. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时使得处理器实现权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的小区切换的方法。
PCT/CN2023/118554 2022-09-30 2023-09-13 小区切换的方法、基站、计算机可读存储介质 WO2024067096A1 (zh)

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