WO2024066978A1

WO2024066978A1 - Loudspeaker and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2024066978A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/117206
Authority: WO
Inventors: 胡成博; 陈家熠; 丁玉江; 陶婧雅; 王晨; 黎椿键; 朱统
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2022-09-30
Filing date: 2023-09-06
Publication date: 2024-04-04
Also published as: CN117857985A

Abstract

A loudspeaker (100) and an electronic device. The loudspeaker (100) comprises a guide structure (130), a beam generation module (140), a valve (120), and a housing (110), wherein the valve (120) is provided with a passageway (121), the valve (120) and the housing (110) enclose a chamber (150) for accommodating the beam generation module (140), and the valve (120) is configured to modulate a first beam generated by the beam generation module (140). By means of providing the guide structure (130), the sound pressure of a second beam generated by means of the first beam modulated by the valve (120) is higher. The loudspeaker (100) has a high energy conversion efficiency and a high sound pressure transmittance, and the loudspeaker (100) and the electronic device, which comprises the loudspeaker (100), have a good performance capability with regard to low-frequency audible sound.

Description

Speakers and Electronics

This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on September 30, 2022, with application number 2022112111063.2 and invention name “Speaker and electronic device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of terminal electronic devices, and in particular, to a speaker and an electronic device.

Background technique

A speaker is an electronic device that outputs audible sound. The sound pressure of a traditional speaker diaphragm is positively correlated with the surface area and displacement of the diaphragm. Limited by the physical size of the speaker, the surface area and displacement of the diaphragm set in the speaker are limited. For audible sounds with lower frequencies, the sound pressure generated by the diaphragm is small and not easily perceived by the human ear, which leads to poor performance in the low-frequency range of the speaker.

For small-sized speakers on terminal devices or mobile devices, audible sound with a sound pressure within the human hearing threshold can be generated by first generating high-frequency beams and then appropriately modulating these high-frequency beams. This method can improve the low-frequency performance of small-sized speakers on electronic devices to a certain extent, but since it is necessary to generate high-frequency beams, this method also increases the energy consumption of the terminal device or mobile device. It is worth considering how to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the speaker so that the high-frequency beams can be better converted into audible sound after modulation.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a speaker and an electronic device, wherein a guiding structure is arranged in the speaker. Through the guiding structure, a first beam generated in the speaker has a higher sound pressure than a second beam output after valve modulation, which is beneficial to improving the energy conversion rate of the speaker and the speaker's ability to express low-frequency audible sounds.

In a first aspect, a speaker is provided, the speaker comprising: a housing; a valve, the valve and the housing enclose a cavity, the valve having a passage; a beam generating module, the beam generating module being located in the cavity, the beam generating module being used to generate a first beam; a guiding structure, the guiding structure being located between the valve and the beam generating module;

The valve is configured to open a channel or close a channel to modulate a first beam, and at least a portion of the first beam propagates through the channel to the outside of the cavity to form a second beam.

In a possible implementation, the propagation path of the first beam is coupled with the shape and/or physical size of the cavity, so that the sound pressure of the second beam is increased. The valve can be a symmetrical valve or an asymmetrical valve.

The first beam generated by the beam generating module will produce reflection, scattering, etc. during the process of propagating in the cavity. By setting a guiding structure to adjust the propagation path and direction of the first beam, the propagation path of the first beam and the physical size of the cavity can be matched with each other, so that the sound pressure of the second beam obtained after the first beam propagated to the channel is increased after valve modulation. That is, the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker is improved in the process of converting the energy of the internally generated beam into the energy of audible sound, and the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker is improved, which is beneficial to improving the speaker's ability to perform low-frequency audible sounds.

In the present technical solution, a guiding structure is arranged inside the cavity of the speaker. The guiding structure can make the first beam generated by the beam generating module converge toward the channel, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the energy conversion efficiency and sound pressure transmittance of the speaker without changing the valve and beam generating module of the speaker. This not only improves the space utilization efficiency in the speaker cavity, but also avoids changes to the valve and beam generating module of the existing speaker, which is conducive to improving the applicability of the present technical solution to different scenarios.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, the guiding structure includes a first guiding structure, the first guiding structure includes an additional radiating surface, and the additional radiating surface is connected to the diaphragm.

In a possible implementation, the beam generating module may include a plurality of beam generating units, the plurality of beam generating units are respectively connected to a plurality of additional radiating surfaces, and the plurality of additional radiating surfaces face the channel.

The additional radiating surface directly connected to the radiating surface of the beam generating module, or the additional radiating surface can be connected to the radiating surface of the beam generating module The surface undergoes the same or similar vibration. In the technical solution, the propagation path of the first beam generated by the beam generating module is adjusted by setting an additional radiation surface. The solution can be implemented based on the existing beam generating module and valve of the speaker without replacing or redesigning the existing components. The shape, size and other properties of the additional radiation surface can be set according to the properties of the beam generating module, thereby improving the applicability of the solution.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the additional radiation surface includes at least one first curved surface, and an opening of the at least one first curved surface faces the channel.

In the present technical solution, the additional radiating surface is designed to be a shape that can achieve beam focusing. The beams generated at various positions within the concave surface of the additional radiating surface are focused in a specific direction by changing the physical shape of the additional radiating surface. When the opening direction of the additional radiating surface is toward the channel, it is beneficial to increase the sound pressure near the channel. The implementation of the present technical solution is conducive to achieving the convergence of the first beam toward the channel, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the sound pressure of the audible sound output by the speaker. In addition, when the beam generating module includes multiple beam generating units, multiple additional radiating surfaces can be set for the multiple beam generating units respectively, and the properties of the multiple additional radiating surfaces can be set according to the properties of each beam generating unit connected thereto, so that the beams generated by the multiple beam generating units can be guided separately, which is beneficial to further increase the sound pressure of the second beam output by the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the guide structure includes a second guide structure, the second guide structure includes a guide surface, the guide surface is located between the channel and the side wall of the shell; from one side of the guide surface close to the side wall to the other side of the guide surface close to the channel, the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve gradually decreases, and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the side wall gradually increases.

The guide surface may be a curved surface or a flat surface. In a possible implementation, the guide surface is disposed between the inner wall of the speaker housing and the channel, and the first beam incident on the guide surface may be guided to a side close to the channel.

In this technical solution, a guiding surface is set between the valve and the beam generating module, and the guiding surface is used to adjust the propagation path of the first beam to the channel, so that the first beam is gathered near the channel, thereby increasing the sound pressure of the second beam output by the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second guide structure further includes at least one connecting surface, the at least one connecting surface is connected to the guide surface, and the at least one connecting surface is connected to the valve and/or the housing.

In a possible implementation manner, the at least one connecting surface is connected to a side wall and/or a bottom of the housing.

In the technical solution, the second guide structure is provided with at least one connection surface, which is connected to the valve and/or the shell through the connection surface, thereby achieving fixation of the guide surface, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the physical structure of the speaker and the reliability of the performance.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve, or the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing.

When the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve, the second guide structure can be in the form of a thin sheet, and a side of the second guide structure close to the cavity can be a guide surface. When the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing, the second guide structure can be in the form of a block, and a side of the second guide structure close to the beam generating module can be a guide surface.

In the technical solution, the second guide structure and the valve are set as an integrally formed structure, or the second guide structure and the housing are set as an integrally formed structure, and the integrally formed structure is more stable and reliable. In addition, the integrally formed structure of multiple components can simplify the assembly process of the speaker, which is conducive to improving the integrity of the speaker structure and realizing the customization of the speaker performance.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the number of the guide surfaces is multiple, the shell includes multiple side walls, and the multiple guide surfaces are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple side walls.

In a possible implementation, the housing of the loudspeaker is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the number of the guide surfaces may be at least two, and the at least two guide surfaces may be respectively connected to any two side walls of the four side walls of the housing.

In another possible implementation, the housing of the speaker is cylindrical, and the guide surface may be an annular structure, the outer wall of the annular structure is connected to the inner wall of the housing.

In the technical solution, multiple guiding surfaces are provided and arranged around the channel. The multiple first beams generated by the beam generating module at different positions of the cavity can be more concentrated near the channel, which is beneficial to increase the sound pressure near the channel and improve the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the guiding structure also includes a third guiding structure, the third guiding structure is a metamaterial structure, the third guiding structure includes a first structural unit, a second structural unit and a third structural unit, a first path for first beam propagation is arranged between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second path for first beam propagation is arranged between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, and the first path is different from the second path.

Metamaterial structures can contain different structural units. The same structural units can be arranged in different distribution modes. The units may have different shapes, sizes and distribution patterns. In this technical solution, a metamaterial structure is arranged in the cavity to adjust the propagation paths of multiple beams in the first beam, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the speaker cavity space, improving the sound pressure of the audible sound output by the speaker, and improving the speaker's ability to express low-frequency audible sound.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm facing the channel.

When the diaphragm is a plane, the diaphragm facing the channel can be understood as the normal of the diaphragm facing the channel; when the diaphragm is a curved surface, the diaphragm facing the channel can be understood as the direction of beam propagation facing the channel after the beams generated by different areas on the curved surface converge.

The first beam generated by the beam generating module is converged toward the channel by adjusting the beam generating module. In the technical solution, the direction of the radiation surface of the beam generating module is adjusted so that the beam propagated by the radiation surface can propagate toward the channel, and more first beams can converge near the channel, which is beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the beam output by the speaker and the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the diaphragm includes at least one second curved surface, and an opening of the at least one second curved surface faces the channel.

In the present technical solution, by changing the shape of the beam generating module, multiple beams generated by the beam generating module can be gathered at the channel, which is beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the beam output by the speaker and the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a first beam generating unit and a second beam generating unit, the first beam generating unit includes a first diaphragm, and the second beam generating unit includes a second diaphragm; the first beam includes a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used to generate the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used to generate the second sub-beam, and the area of the first diaphragm is different from the area of the second diaphragm.

The beams generated by beam generating units with different radiation surface areas have different energies. In the present technical solution, the beam generating module can be provided with multiple beam generating units, and the radiation surface areas of the multiple beam generating units can be different. Beam generating units with different distances from the channel can be provided with radiation surfaces of different areas to generate multiple beams with different energies. The convergence of multiple beams with different energies near the channel is conducive to further improving the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker and the transmittance of sound pressure.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a third beam generating unit, a fourth beam generating unit and a fifth beam generating unit, the first beam includes a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam and a fifth sub-beam, the third beam generating unit is used to generate the third sub-beam, the fourth beam generating unit is used to generate the fourth sub-beam, and the fifth beam generating unit is used to generate the fifth sub-beam; the third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.

The distance between two adjacent beam generating units can be understood as the distance between two diaphragms included in two adjacent beam generating units, and the distance between brackets for fixing the diaphragms of two adjacent beam generating units.

In the present technical solution, the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating unit is adjusted by adjusting the spacing between adjacent beam generating units. Compared with a beam generating module including the same number of uniformly distributed beam generating units, the present technical solution can achieve the purpose of increasing the output sound pressure without increasing the number of beam generating units, which is conducive to simplifying the internal structure of the speaker and facilitating the repair and maintenance of the speaker or an electronic device including the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a sixth beam generating unit and a seventh beam generating unit, the sixth beam generating unit includes a third diaphragm, and the seventh beam generating unit includes a fourth diaphragm; the orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in the projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane at least partially overlap, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the speaker, or the projection plane is perpendicular to the height direction of the speaker.

In the present technical solution, the orthographic projections of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm in the projection plane are at least partially overlapped, so that the space in the speaker cavity can be further utilized, and a beam generating module with a larger radiation area can be arranged in the speaker cavity, which is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the speaker cavity space and further improve the sound pressure of the second beam output by the speaker. In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, the first beam includes a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit is used to generate the sixth sub-beam, and the ninth beam generating unit is used to generate the seventh sub-beam, and the transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam is different from the transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the valve is an asymmetric valve, and a distance from the eighth beam generating unit to the channel is different from a distance from the ninth beam generating unit to the channel.

In this technical solution, considering that different beam generating units may be at different distances from the channel on the asymmetric valve, in order to better improve the sound pressure output by the second beam, different transmission delays may be set for different beam generating units to change the transmission delays of different beam generating units. The generating unit generates the phase difference of the beam arriving at the channel.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the speaker further includes a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to determine a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

If the transmission delays of multiple beams are different, the arrival phases of the multiple beams when they arrive near the channel are different. In this technical solution, the phases of the multiple beams arriving near the channel can be adjusted by controlling the transmission delays of the multiple beams included in the first beam, which is conducive to achieving phase superposition of multiple beams and avoiding phase cancellation of multiple beams, which is conducive to further improving the energy conversion efficiency and sound pressure transmittance of the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a plurality of beam generating units, and the plurality of beam generating units constitute a beam generating unit array.

In this technical solution, multiple beam generating units can be arranged in the speaker, and the multiple beam generating units can form an array. The multiple beam generating units arranged in the array can send the first beam in various directions in the cavity, and the propagation paths of different first beams are different. The implementation of this technical solution is conducive to improving the probability of beam convergence and phase superposition generated by multiple beam generating units, and is conducive to improving the energy conversion efficiency and sound pressure transmittance of the speaker.

In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first beam is an ultrasonic wave, and the second beam is an audible sound.

The beneficial effects and related explanations in the following technical solutions can refer to the relevant contents of the first aspect, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated below.

In a second aspect, a speaker is provided, comprising: a shell; a valve, the valve and the shell forming a cavity, the valve having a channel; a beam generating module, the beam generating module being located in the cavity, the beam generating module being used to generate a first beam; wherein the valve is configured to open the channel or close the channel to modulate the first beam, and at least part of the first beam propagates through the channel to the outside of the cavity to form a second beam.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm facing the channel.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the diaphragm includes at least one second curved surface, and an opening of the at least one second curved surface faces the channel.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a first beam generating unit and a second beam generating unit, the first beam generating unit includes a first diaphragm, and the second beam generating unit includes a second diaphragm; the first beam includes a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used to generate the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used to generate the second sub-beam, and the area of the first diaphragm is different from the area of the second diaphragm.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a third beam generating unit, a fourth beam generating unit and a fifth beam generating unit, the first beam includes a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam and a fifth sub-beam, the third beam generating unit is used to generate the third sub-beam, the fourth beam generating unit is used to generate the fourth sub-beam, and the fifth beam generating unit is used to generate the fifth sub-beam; the third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a sixth beam generating unit and a seventh beam generating unit, the sixth beam generating unit includes a third diaphragm, and the seventh beam generating unit includes a fourth diaphragm; the orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in the projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane at least partially overlap, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the speaker, or the projection plane is perpendicular to the height direction of the speaker.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, the first beam includes a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit is used to generate the sixth sub-beam, the ninth beam generating unit is used to generate the seventh sub-beam, and the transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam is different from the transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the valve is an asymmetric valve, and the distance from the eighth beam generating unit to the channel is different from the distance from the ninth beam generating unit to the channel.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the speaker further includes a control circuit, and the control circuit is used to determine a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a plurality of beam generating units, and the plurality of beam generating units constitute a beam generating unit array.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the speaker further includes a guide structure, which is located between the valve and the beam generating module.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, the guiding structure includes a first guiding structure, the first guiding structure includes an additional radiating surface, and the additional radiating surface is connected to the diaphragm.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the additional radiation surface includes at least one first curved surface, and an opening of the at least one first curved surface faces the channel.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the guide structure includes a second guide structure, the second guide structure includes a guide surface, the guide surface is located between the channel and the side wall of the shell; from one side of the guide surface close to the side wall to the other side of the guide surface close to the channel, the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve gradually decreases, and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the side wall gradually increases.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second guide structure further includes at least one connecting surface, the at least one connecting surface is connected to the guide surface, and the at least one connecting surface is connected to the valve and/or the housing.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve, or the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the number of the guide surfaces is multiple, the shell includes multiple side walls, and the multiple guide surfaces are respectively arranged corresponding to the multiple side walls.

In combination with the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the guiding structure also includes a third guiding structure, which is a metamaterial structure, and the third guiding structure includes a first structural unit, a second structural unit, and a third structural unit, a first path for first beam propagation is arranged between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second path for first beam propagation is arranged between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, and the first path is different from the second path.

In combination with the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the first beam is an ultrasonic wave, and the second beam is an audible sound.

In a third aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising the speaker in the first aspect and possible implementations thereof, or comprising the speaker in the second aspect and possible implementations thereof.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a speaker provided in an embodiment of the present application.

2 to 5 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the speaker provided in the embodiments of the present application.

6 to 10 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the speaker valve provided in the embodiments of the present application.

11 and 12 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the beam generating module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a beam generating unit array provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the beam generating unit array shown in FIG. 13 .

FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram of different beams generated by the beam generating unit array shown in FIG. 13 .

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another beam generating unit array provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the beam generating unit array shown in FIG. 16 .

FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another beam generating unit array provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam generating unit array shown in FIG. 18 .

FIG. 20 is a waveform diagram of different beams generated by the beam generating unit array shown in FIG. 18 .

21 to 26 are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of some further beam generating unit arrays provided in embodiments of the present application.

27 to 29 are schematic cross-sectional views of the guide surface provided in the embodiments of the present application.

30 to 32 are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the guide body provided in the embodiments of the present application.

33 and 34 are cross-sectional schematic diagrams of the additional radiation surface provided in the embodiments of the present application.

FIG35 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metamaterial provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker including the metamaterial shown in FIG. 35 .

FIG37 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another metamaterial provided in an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 38 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker including the metamaterial shown in FIG. 37 .

Figure 39 is a schematic block diagram of a sound-emitting device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. It is only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation of the present application.

The terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) in this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In the embodiments of the present application, "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and/or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific data used in this application shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the technical field to which this application belongs. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or indicate that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application.

In order to make the technical problems solved by the present application, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments.

Before introducing the embodiments of the present application, we will first briefly introduce the sound-generating principle of the speaker and other technical contents related to the present application.

The vibration of the sound source can generate sound waves. When the frequency and intensity of the sound waves reach a specific range, they can cause the hearing of animals. The vibration frequency range that the human ear can feel is about 20Hz~20kHz, and the intensity range is 0.00002Pa~100Pa. Sound waves within this frequency range and intensity range can be called audible sound. Among them, sound waves with frequencies between 20Hz and 500Hz are generally called low-frequency sounds, sound waves with frequencies between 500Hz and 2000Hz are called medium-frequency sounds, and sound waves with frequencies above 2000Hz and below 16kHz are called high-frequency sounds.

Sound pressure level (SPL) refers to the "effective sound pressure" measured on a logarithmic scale, relative to a reference value, with decibels (dB) as the unit. For human hearing, in the most sensitive frequency range of 2000Hz to 5000Hz, the hearing threshold (the minimum sound pressure or sound intensity that a human or animal ear can feel in a specific environment) is about 0.00002Pa, so this is usually used as the reference value of the sound pressure level.

The sound pressure generated by the diaphragm of a traditional speaker can be expressed as P∝S·A, where S is the surface area of the diaphragm and A is the acceleration of the diaphragm. In other words, the sound pressure P is proportional to the product of the surface area S of the diaphragm and the acceleration A of the diaphragm. The relationship between the acceleration A of the diaphragm and the displacement D of the diaphragm can be expressed as A∝f2·D, where f is the angular frequency of the sound wave. Therefore, the sound pressure P can be expressed as P∝f2·S·D, where S·D can represent the air displacement V caused by the vibration of the speaker diaphragm. Further, the sound pressure P can be expressed as P∝f2·V, that is, the sound pressure P is proportional to the product of the square of the angular frequency f of the sound wave and the air displacement V. Alternatively, the sound pressure P is positively correlated with the energy of the sound wave.

The energy input to the speaker can be converted more into the energy of the audible sound output by the speaker that can be perceived by the human ear. In other words, the greater the sound pressure that can pass through the speaker and output (the greater the sound pressure transmittance), the higher the energy conversion rate of the speaker. For audible sounds with lower frequencies, the corresponding sound pressure is higher, and the speaker has a stronger ability to express low frequencies.

A loudspeaker, also known as a horn, speaker, or amplifier, is a transducer or electronic component that converts electronic signals into sound.

Modulation is a technique that mixes one or more periodic carrier waves into the signal to be sent. Depending on the modulated signal, it can be divided into digital modulation and analog modulation. Modulation can change the amplitude and spectrum components of the signal, which is beneficial to the transmission of the signal.

Mechanical wave: A phenomenon in which mechanical vibration propagates in space, which is a type of wave.

Sound waves: are a type of energy that propagates in a medium, increasing and decreasing pressure through adiabatic processes. The important physical quantities used to describe sound waves are sound pressure, particle velocity, particle displacement, and sound intensity. Sound waves are a type of mechanical wave. In this document, sound waves may include ultrasonic and/or audible sound waves, infrasound waves, etc.

Pulse wave: also known as pulse wave or pulse, can be used to refer to a beam with rapidly changing signal characteristics (such as phase, frequency), the signal characteristics change from a baseline value to a higher or lower value, and then quickly return to the baseline value.

Metamaterials: A class of artificial materials with special properties. The characteristics of this material come from its precise geometric structure and size. The microstructure and size scale of the material are smaller than the wavelength of the sound waves it acts on, so it can exert an influence on the waves.

The embodiment of the present application provides a speaker and an electronic device using the speaker, and the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a hearing aid, a smart wearable device, or other electronic device that needs to output audio through a speaker. The smart wearable device can be a smart watch, augmented reality (AR) glasses, an AR helmet, or virtual reality (VR) glasses. The speaker can also be used in the fields of whole house, smart home, car, etc., as an audio device or a part of an audio device.

In some examples, as shown in FIG1 , the speaker 100A can be used as a sound-generating device of a wearable device (e.g., earphone 1000). The speaker 2000 can include one or more speakers 100B, which can constitute a sound module of the speaker 2000. The speaker 100C can also be used as a sound-generating device of a terminal device (e.g., tablet computer 3000) and installed inside the tablet computer 3000.

The process of outputting audible sound by the speaker 100 provided in the present application is described below in conjunction with the physical structure of the speaker 100 .

FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 are isometric views of a speaker 100. The speaker 100 may include a housing 110, a valve 120, and one or more beam generating modules 140. In some embodiments, the speaker 100 may further include a guide structure 130. The housing 110 may include a side wall 111 and a bottom 112. The valve 120 may be located at a first end of the side wall 111, and the bottom 112 may be located at a second end of the side wall 111. The first end and the second end are two opposite ends on the side wall 111. The housing 110 and the valve 120 may enclose a receiving cavity 150, and the receiving cavity 150 may be used to receive the aforementioned guide structure 130 and the beam generating module 140. Alternatively, the speaker 100 may be regarded as a box structure, and the aforementioned guide structure 130, the beam generating module 140 and other devices are placed in the cavity of the box structure. In some embodiments, these devices may be arranged near the bottom of the box structure, and an opening is arranged at one end of the box structure away from the bottom of the box structure, and the valve 120 is arranged near the opening.

The beam generating module 140 may be disposed near the bottom 112 of the housing 110. The beam generating module 140 may be used to generate a first beam, which may be composed of a plurality of sub-beams. The first beam may be a mechanical wave, such as an ultrasonic wave or an audible sound wave. The first beam may also be referred to as a first sound wave. The first beam may also be referred to as an initial beam. In some embodiments, the beam generating module 140 may be a transducer, which may convert an electrical signal into a vibration signal, thereby forming a first beam. The first beam propagates in the cavity 150. When the first beam propagates to the valve 120, at least part of the first beam propagates to the outside of the cavity 150 by controlling the switching frequency of the valve 120, thereby modulating the first beam. The first beam propagated to the outside of the cavity 150 is the second beam, which may also be referred to as a second sound wave. When the valve 120 is opened, the first beam may propagate to the outside of the cavity 150; when the valve 120 is closed, the first beam will not propagate to the outside of the cavity 150.

The beam generating module 140 may also be arranged in the middle of the cavity 150, or in other words, the beam generating module 140 may divide the cavity 150 into two sub-cavities, one of the two sub-cavities is located between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120, and the other of the two sub-cavities is located between the beam generating module 140 and the bottom 112 of the housing 110. For ease of explanation, in the following embodiments, the beam generating module 140 is arranged close to the bottom 112 of the housing 110 as an example for introduction, and for the case where the beam generating module 140 is located in the middle of the cavity 150, reference may be made to the relevant contents of the following embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments take the beam generating module 140 being arranged close to the bottom 112 of the housing 110 as an example and should not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

In some embodiments, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, each of which may be used to generate a sub-beam of the first beam, and the frequency, amplitude and other properties of different sub-beams may be the same or different. The frequency, amplitude and other properties of the sub-beams generated by the beam generating units may be adjusted by adjusting the size and shape of the plurality of beam generating units. For example, the size of the beam generating unit may be increased so that a diaphragm with a larger area may be provided, thereby generating a sub-beam of the first beam with a larger amplitude.

In one possible implementation, the shapes, sizes, materials and other features of the multiple beam generating units may be the same, so that the frequencies, amplitudes and other properties of the sub-beams generated by the multiple beam generating units may be the same or similar, and the modulation method for modulating the first beam containing the multiple sub-beams may be simpler.

In another possible implementation, the shapes, sizes, materials and other features of the multiple beam generating units may be different. For example, for the beam generating units at different positions in the speaker 100, diaphragms of different sizes may be set, so that the beam generating units at different positions generate different sub-beams, and the first beams composed of different sub-beams are different, and the second beams generated by the first beam after modulation will also be different. That is, the second beam output by the speaker 100 can be adjusted by setting the shapes, sizes and other properties of different beam generating units.

Compared with the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 in the foregoing text, the frequency of the second beam may be lower than the frequency of the first beam, so that after the first beam is modulated, the second beam may fall within the frequency range of audible sound.

In a possible implementation, the plurality of beam generating units may be evenly arranged on a first plane parallel to the plane where the bottom of the housing 110 is located, that is, the intervals between two adjacent beam generating units are the same.

In another possible implementation, the plurality of beam generating units may be arranged on a first plane parallel to the plane where the bottom of the housing 110 is located. The beam generating units are arranged non-uniformly, and the intervals between two adjacent beam generating units can be different.

The arrangement of the multiple beam generating units is different, and the properties of the first beam composed of the sub-beams generated by the multiple beam generating units will also be different, so the second beam formed by modulating the first beam, that is, the second beam output by the speaker 100 will also be different.

In some examples, see FIG. 11 below, the beam generating module 140 may include a diaphragm 141, and the plane where the diaphragm 141 is located may be regarded as the radiation surface of the beam generating module 140. The diaphragm 141 may be a piezoelectric film, and when a voltage is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may be deformed, for example, the diaphragm 141 may be deformed in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, when the diaphragm 141 is deformed upward in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, the air diaphragm above the diaphragm 141 is pushed to vibrate upward, and when the diaphragm 141 is deformed downward in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, the air diaphragm above the diaphragm 141 is pushed to vibrate downward. The reciprocating deformation of the diaphragm 141 between the zero point of deformation and the maximum point of deformation may drive the gas near the diaphragm 141 to vibrate, that is, the diaphragm 141 pushes the gas to propagate its vibration along a certain direction, that is, forming a first beam.

It should be noted here that when the beam generating module 140 includes multiple beam generating units, the diaphragm 141 may refer to the diaphragm 141 on each beam generating unit. The size of the diaphragm 141 of the multiple beam generating units can be set according to the size of the beam generating unit, and a larger beam generating unit can be provided with a diaphragm 141 with a larger area. The diaphragm 141 may be parallel to the plane where the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 is located, or it may form a certain angle with the plane where the bottom 112 is located. The angles formed by the diaphragms 141 of different beam generating units and the plane where the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 is located may be the same or different. The diaphragm 141 may be a flat diaphragm or a curved diaphragm with a certain curvature.

The area of the diaphragm 141 can affect the amplitude of the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit, the angle between the diaphragm 141 and the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 can affect the propagation direction and propagation path of the sub-beam, and the setting of the curved diaphragm can converge the beams generated by different areas of the diaphragm 141 to a certain extent. Therefore, adjusting one or more of the properties of the diaphragm 141 can affect the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit, and further affect the first beam containing the sub-beam, and finally achieve adjustment of the second beam output by the speaker 100.

3 , the guide structure 130 may be located in the accommodating cavity 150. The guide structure 130 may be used to adjust the propagation direction and/or propagation path of the first beam, etc. The guide structure 130 may achieve the above functions through a variety of different physical structures, interface shapes, etc., which are described in detail below.

The guide structure 130 may be located between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120. The guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the beam generating unit 140 (for example, as shown in FIG. 30 below, a connector is provided between the additional radiation surface and the diaphragm of the beam generating unit), or the guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110, or the guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the valve 120. Exemplarily, the guide structure 130 is connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110 and is located directly above the plane where the beam generating module 140 is located.

The valve 120 can be used to modulate the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to output the second beam, or in other words, the valve 120 can be used to change the frequency, phase and other properties of the first beam to obtain the second beam. The valve 120 can be provided with a channel 121 for passing the first beam, and the channel 121 can be a channel formed by a slit or a channel formed by a through hole, etc. The channel 121 provided on the valve 120 can be opened or closed in a certain manner (such as frequency), so as to realize the modulation of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. Exemplarily, the frequency of the first beam emitted by the beam generating module 140 is fq1, and the valve 120 can open the channel 121 according to the frequency of fq2, so that the frequency fq3 of the second beam output by the speaker 100 can be regarded as a function of fq1 and fq2, and adjusting fq2 can change the value of fq3, and this process can be regarded as the modulation of the first beam by the valve 120. The realization of the modulation function of the valve 120 is further described below, and will not be described in detail here.

It has been explained above that the sound pressure is positively correlated with the product of the square of the angular frequency of the beam and the amount of air propulsion. On this basis, it can be considered that the sound pressure is positively correlated with the energy of the beam. Therefore, the greater the energy of the beam output by the speaker 100 through the channel 121, the higher the sound pressure of the beam. Conversely, the smaller the energy of the beam output by the speaker 100 through the channel 121, the lower the sound pressure of the beam. In other words, for the same input beam, more beams can pass through the channel 121, and the sound pressure output by the speaker 100 is higher. That is, the greater the transmittance of the sound pressure at the channel 121, the higher the sound pressure output by the speaker 100.

As shown in FIG5 , the speaker 100 may be provided with a plurality of valves 120. The beam generating module 140 is located in the accommodating cavity 150 of the speaker 100. The accommodating cavity 150 may include a first sub-cavity 150A and a second sub-cavity 150B. The beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may be propagated through the first sub-cavity 150A of the speaker 100 to the vicinity of the first valve 120A, and transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel on the first valve 120A to form a third sound wave. The beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may also be propagated through the second sub-cavity 150B of the speaker 100 to the vicinity of the second valve 120B, and transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel on the second valve 120B to form a third sound wave. External space, forming the fourth sound wave.

A first guide structure may be provided between the beam generating module 140 and the first valve 120A, or in the space of the first sub-cavity 150A. A second guide structure may be provided between the beam generating module 140 and the second valve 120B, or in the space of the second sub-cavity 150B. One or more of the first guide structure 130A and the second guide structure 130B may be used to adjust the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140.

In some embodiments, the first valve 120A can modulate the eighth sub-sound wave 142A generated by the beam generating module 140 to form a third sound wave; the second valve 120B can modulate the ninth sub-sound wave 142B generated by the beam generating module 140 to form a fourth sound wave. The way in which the first valve 120A modulates the eighth sub-sound wave 142A can be the same as or different from the way in which the second valve 120B modulates the ninth sub-sound wave 142B. When the two modulation methods are the same, the properties of the beam output by the first valve 120A (such as frequency or amplitude, etc.) can be the same or similar to the properties of the beam output by the second valve 120B (such as frequency or amplitude, etc.). In this way, the speaker 100 can output similar beams to different directions in space through the same beam generating module 140, which is beneficial to improving the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker 100 and improving the effect of the speaker 100 outputting audible sound.

In the case where the two modulation modes are different, the first valve 120A and the second valve 120B can perform differential modulation on the eighth sub-sound wave 142A and the ninth sub-sound wave 142B, so that the speaker 100 can output beams of different frequencies or amplitudes, and the two beams can complement each other in frequency to enhance the effect of the speaker 100 outputting audible sound. In a possible implementation, the first valve 120A and the second valve 120B have different modulation modes on the eighth sub-sound wave 142A and the ninth sub-sound wave 142B. When the speaker 100 outputs the eighth sub-sound wave 142A and the ninth sub-sound wave 142B at the same time, the eighth sub-sound wave 142A and the ninth sub-sound wave 142B can cancel each other out at a first position in the space and enhance each other at a second position in the space, so that the speaker 100 achieves a differentiated effect in the audio distribution in space.

6 to 8 exemplarily show three possible structures of the valve 120 provided in the embodiments of the present application.

FIG6 is a top view of a speaker 100. The valve 120 may include a first sub-valve 122 and a second sub-valve 123. The first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110, respectively. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are located in the same plane. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are equal in size and/or have the same shape. Exemplarily, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are symmetrical about the symmetry axis OO′ of the plane where the valve 120 is located.

The valve 120 further includes a channel 121, which is located between the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123. The channel 121 is in the shape of a slit or a strip, and the channel 121 can also be symmetrical about the symmetry axis OO' in the width direction (X-axis direction). The width of the channel 121 or the width of the slit 121 is related to one or more of a plurality of factors such as the properties of the first sub-valve 122, the properties of the second sub-valve 123, and the properties of the beam generating module 140.

The valve 120 shown in FIG6 , which is symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO′, can be called a symmetrical valve. The valve 120 in which the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are not symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO′ or the channel 121 is not symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO′, can be called an asymmetrical valve. For an asymmetrical valve, when the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the propagation paths generated by the plurality of beam generating units to reach the channel 121 can be different, and the sound pressure near the channel 121 inside the speaker 100 can be compounded by the sound pressures corresponding to more different sub-beams, so that adjusting any one of the plurality of beam generating units can have different effects on the second beam output by the speaker 100, which is beneficial to expand the adjustable space for the second beam output by the speaker 100, and is beneficial to improve the quality of the audible sound output by the speaker 100.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker 100, and FIG. 7 shows another structure of an asymmetric valve 120. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 have different heights in the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the housing 110. In other words, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are not in the same plane (XY plane). In other words, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are at different distances from the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 (or the beam generating module 140). In some embodiments, the difference between the distance of the first sub-valve 122 from the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 and the distance of the second sub-valve 123 from the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 can be determined according to the material of the valve 120, for example, the difference between the two can be 0.2 to 2.0 times the maximum deformation of the material of the valve 120. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are equal in size and/or have the same shape. The first sub-valve 122 is located away from the bottom 112 of the housing 110, and the second sub-valve 123 is located close to the bottom 112 of the housing 110. The channel 121 is also located between the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123.

In addition to the slit shape shown in FIG6 and FIG7 , the channel 221 may also be in other shapes, such as a circular hole shape, a "well" shape, or a combination of multiple shapes (for example, a combination of a slit shape and a circular hole shape). FIG8 is a top view of another speaker 100. FIG8 shows another structure of an asymmetric valve 120. The valve 120 is provided with a circular channel 121, and the geometric center A of the channel 121 does not coincide with the geometric center B of the valve 120. Changing the shape of the asymmetric valve or changing the position and/or shape of the channel provided on the valve can change the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the channel 121, which is conducive to adjusting the second beam output by the speaker 100.

When the channel 121 provided on the valve 120 is opened, the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 can be propagated to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel 121, and when the channel 121 is closed, the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 is difficult to propagate to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel 121. In other words, when the channel 121 is opened, the transmittance of the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 near the valve 120 is high, and when the channel 121 is closed, the transmittance of the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 near the valve 120 is low.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 9 , the valve 120 may be a single-hole valve, and the valve 120 may include a baffle 124. When the baffle 124 is attached to a position corresponding to the channel 121 opened on the inner wall of the valve 120, or when the baffle 124 is covered on a position corresponding to the channel 121 opened on the outer wall of the valve 120, the baffle 124 may block the channel 121 opened on the valve 120, thereby closing the channel 121. Accordingly, when the baffle 124 moves away from a position close to the channel 121, the channel 121 is opened.

In one possible case, the speaker 100 may send a control signal to control the displacement of the baffle 124, thereby realizing the control of opening and closing the channel 121. For example, the baffle 124 may be connected to an electronic driver, and the control signal may be used to control the operation and stop of the electronic driver. When the electronic driver is running, the electronic driver may push the baffle 124 to move along the P1P2 or P3P4 direction, so that the baffle 124 is attached to or covers the channel 121. The baffle 124 may also be connected to a spring. When the electronic driver stops, the spring connected to the baffle 124 may move the baffle 124 away from the channel 121 during the process of restoring the deformation.

In other examples, the valve 120 may be a piezoelectric material. When a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric material may deform in the direction of the plane where the material is located, in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the material is located, or in other directions. By applying a voltage to the valve 120 to extend or shorten the valve 120, the channel 221 opened on the valve 120 is closed or opened.

For example, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 shown in FIG10 may be piezoelectric materials, and the control signal for controlling the opening or closing of the channel may be a voltage signal applied to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123. When the voltage is applied to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be deformed. Exemplarily, the deformation direction of the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be a direction close to the channel 121 or a direction along P5P6 in FIG10. At time t1, the channel 121 is in an open state. Between time t1 and time t2, the speaker 100 continuously applies a voltage signal to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123, and the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are in a state of continuous extension, and the width of the channel 121 gradually narrows. At time t2, the opposite ends of the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 abut against each other, and the channel 121 is closed. When voltages in opposite directions are applied to the first sub-valve 122 and/or the second sub-valve 123 , the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are deformed in a direction away from the channel 121 , and the width of the channel 121 widens until it is fully opened.

Different types of valves can be used to modulate different types of first beams, and the valves can also cooperate with other functional modules in the speaker, such as the cavity structure of the speaker 100, to achieve the purpose of increasing the sound pressure of the target sound waves output by the speaker.

6 to 10 only provide some possible structures of the valve 120 by way of example. Those skilled in the art can also summarize and deduce other modified structures of the valve 120 based on these examples. It should be understood that this part of the content should also fall within the scope of the present application.

Both symmetric valves and asymmetric valves can be used to modulate different beams generated by the beam generating module 140. The beam generating module 140 provided in the embodiment of the present application is further described below.

The beam generating module 140 may include one or more beam generating units. When the beam generating module 140 includes only one beam generating unit, the beam generating module 140 may also be referred to as a beam generating unit 140 .

The beam generating module 140 may include a diaphragm 141, and the vibration of the diaphragm 141 may be achieved in a variety of ways. One possible scenario is that the diaphragm 141 may be a piezoelectric material, and when an electric signal is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may produce different deformations according to the applied electric signal, thereby causing the air to vibrate accordingly to form a beam. Another possible scenario is that the diaphragm 141 may be a magnetostrictive material, and when an electromagnetic signal is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may produce different deformations according to the applied electromagnetic signal, thereby causing the air to vibrate accordingly to form a beam. Another possible scenario is that the beam generating module 140 may also include a moving coil, and the beam generating module 140 may control the vibration of the moving coil, and the moving coil drives the diaphragm 141 to vibrate through air transmission, thereby forming a beam.

FIG11 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a beam generating module 140, which includes a diaphragm 141 and a box body 143. One side of the box body 143 is open, and the diaphragm 141 covers the opening. The interior of the box body 143 is a back cavity 144. Taking the center point U of the diaphragm 141 as an example, the center point U of the diaphragm 141 can reciprocate up and down the deformation zero point (point P8) under the action of the control signal. When signal 1 is received, the center point U of the diaphragm 141 can move from the initial position (deformation zero point or point P8) to point P7 (or the point of maximum positive deformation). When the diaphragm 141 receives an empty signal, the diaphragm 141 can restore the deformation, that is, point U can return from point P7 to point P8. When signal 2 is received, the center point U of the diaphragm 141 can move from the initial position (deformation zero point or point P8) to point P9 (or the point of maximum reverse deformation). When the diaphragm 141 receives an empty signal, the diaphragm 141 can restore the deformation, that is, point U can return from point P9 to point P8. The reciprocating movement of the particles on the diaphragm 141 between the point of maximum positive deformation, the point of deformation zero, and the point of maximum reverse deformation can drive the air around the diaphragm 141 to vibrate, thereby generating a beam.

Here, when the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the plurality of beam generating units may each include a diaphragm 141 and a box body 143. When the beam generating module 140 includes only one beam generating unit, or in other words, the beam generating module 140 includes only one diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may be connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110 of the speaker 100, or in other words, in this case, the housing 110 may be a box body 143.

FIG12 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140, which includes a diaphragm 141 and a support plate 145. A notch 146 is provided on the support plate 145, and the diaphragm 141 can be covered on the notch 146. When the diaphragm 141 is deformed, the diaphragm 141 can reciprocate near the position of the notch 146, thereby driving the air around the diaphragm 141 to vibrate to generate a beam. The support plate 145 is provided on the beam generating module 140, and the notch 146 is provided to provide a deformation accommodation space for the diaphragm 141, which is conducive to reducing the space occupied by the beam generating module 140 in the accommodation cavity 150 of the speaker 100.

When the beam generating module 140 includes multiple beam generating units, a plurality of notches 146 may be provided on the support plate 145. The plurality of notches 146 may be distributed on the support plate 145 in the form of an array. Each beam generating unit may include a diaphragm 141. When a plurality of diaphragms 141 are covered on the plurality of notches 146, a beam generating unit array may be formed.

During the reciprocating motion of the diaphragm 141, beams are generated in both the upper space and the lower space of the diaphragm 141. The beams in the upper space can propagate within a certain range of directions, and the beams in the lower space can also propagate within a certain range of directions. If the beams propagating within the above-mentioned certain range of directions are appropriately modulated, these beams can be converted into sounds (audible sounds) perceptible to the human ear. The structure for modulating the beams generated by the diaphragm 141 can be set in the upper space of the diaphragm 141 or in the lower space of the diaphragm 141. For example, the speaker 100 shown in FIG. 5 above can output audible sounds from the first valve 120A to the external space, and can also output audible sounds from the second valve 120B to the external space.

When the beam generating module 140 includes a back cavity 144 , the back cavity 144 can also be used to accommodate the aforementioned dynamic coil and a control circuit that outputs a control signal for controlling the vibration of the diaphragm, which is beneficial for the repair and maintenance of the beam generating module 140 .

The wave beam generated by the diaphragm 141 can be a mechanical wave (sound wave) or a pulse wave, such as a square wave, a triangle wave, a sawtooth wave, etc. Different modulation methods and/or modulation structures can be used for different wave beams.

FIG13 is a top view of the speaker 100, in which the valve 120 and the guide structure 130 are not shown. The beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and the plurality of beam generating units may form a beam generating unit array as shown in FIG13, wherein the plurality of beam generating units have the same shape, are equal in area, and are located in the same plane. In FIG13, a beam generating unit array in which a plurality of beam generating units are evenly arranged to form 5 rows and 6 columns is used as an example for illustration, and the spacing between adjacent rows of beam generating units may be a, and the spacing between adjacent columns of beam generating units may be b. Here, a is a real number greater than or equal to zero and less than the size of the accommodating cavity 150 of the speaker 100 in the X-axis direction (or referred to as the width of the accommodating cavity 150), and b is a real number greater than or equal to zero and less than the size of the accommodating cavity 150 in the Y-axis direction (or referred to as the length of the accommodating cavity 150). The specific values of a and b may be determined according to the size of the beam generating module 140 contained in the accommodating cavity 150, or according to the number and arrangement of the beam generating units contained in the accommodating cavity 150. By adjusting the values of a and b, the distance between the beam generating unit and the channel 121 can be indirectly adjusted, and the propagation path of the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit can be changed. To a certain extent, the second beam output by the speaker 100 can be adjusted.

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the beam generating unit array in FIG13 at the mm′ section. The following takes the beam generating unit 140A and the beam generating unit 140B as examples to illustrate the propagation process of the beam between the beam generating module 140 and the channel 121.

As described above, the same beam generating unit can generate beams within a certain range of its upper space and/or lower space. Beams with different propagation directions may propagate to the channel 121. It can be understood that the propagation paths of beams with different propagation directions to the channel 121 are different. FIG14 shows the propagation path of the beam generated by the geometric center of the beam generating unit 140A (hereinafter referred to as beam S1) to the particle E near the channel 121 and the propagation path of the beam generated by the geometric center of the beam generating unit 140B (hereinafter referred to as beam S2) to the particle E near the channel 121.

The length d1 of the propagation path of beam S1 to channel 121 is greater than the length d2 of the propagation path of beam S2 to channel 121. In conjunction with FIG15 , since the length d2 is shorter and the length d1 is longer, the time taken for beam S2 to propagate to particle E is shorter, and beam S1 propagates The time taken to reach particle E is longer. For example, the time taken by beam S2 to propagate to particle E can be 1.25T, and the time taken by beam S1 to propagate to particle E can be 1.5T, where T is the period of beam S1 and beam S2. The initial phases (phase at t=0) of beam S1 and beam S2 are the same, the moment 1.5T corresponds to point R1 on the waveform diagram of beam S1, and the moment 1.25T corresponds to point R2 on the waveform diagram of beam S2. Therefore, the vibration amplitude of particle E caused by beam S1 can be the ordinate of R1, denoted as X1, and X1=0. The vibration amplitude of particle E caused by beam S2 can be the ordinate of R2, denoted as X2, and X2=the amplitude of the beam Am. In this way, the combined influence of beam S1 and beam S2 on the vibration amplitude of particle E can be considered to be X1+X2=0+Am. The intensity of the sound pressure is generated by the gas molecules. The greater the vibration amplitude of particle E, the greater the sound pressure near particle E. When the beam propagates from medium A to medium B, the corresponding sound pressure transmittance of the beam is also greater.

According to the above examples, the sound pressure transmittance of the beam near the channel 221 can be adjusted by one or more of the path of the beam propagation to the channel 221, the initial phase of the beam, the beam propagation speed, etc.

In some embodiments, the initial phases of different sub-beams generated by different beam generating units can be adjusted by controlling the time delays of the sub-beams generated by different beam generating units. Table 1 exemplarily shows the time delays of the above beams S1 and S2.

Table 1

When the time delay shown in Table 1 is applied to the above-mentioned beam S1 and beam S2, at time t=0.25T, beam generating unit 140A generates beam S1, and at time t=0, beam generating unit 140B generates beam S2. The process of beam S2 propagating to channel 121 has not changed, and the influence of beam S2 on the vibration amplitude of particle E is still X2=Am. Beam generating unit 140A generates beam S1′, and it still takes 1.5T for beam S1′ to propagate to particle E. In this case, after beam S1′ propagates 1.5T, it corresponds to R1′ on the waveform diagram. The vibration amplitude of particle E caused by beam S1′ can be the vertical coordinate of R1′, recorded as X1′, and X1′=Am.

Therefore, after setting different time delays for beam generating unit 140A and beam generating unit 140B respectively, the influence of the two beam generating units on the vibration amplitude of particle E can be considered to be X1+X2=Am+Am. The vibration amplitude is significantly improved compared to the value before the time delay is set. Correspondingly, the sound pressure transmittance of the beam near channel 121 is also significantly improved.

In other embodiments, the length of the propagation path of the sub-beams generated by different beam generating units to the channel 121 can be adjusted by adjusting the arrangement of the beam generating unit array, thereby changing the sound pressure transmittance of the first beam containing different sub-beams near the channel 121.

Exemplarily, the row spacing or column spacing between two adjacent rows or columns of beam generating units near the channel 121 is smaller, and the row spacing or column spacing between two adjacent rows or columns of beam generating units far from the channel 121 is larger.

FIG16 is a top view of another loudspeaker 100, and FIG16 exemplarily shows an arrangement of an array of beam generating units. A plurality of beam generating units can form an array of beam generating units with 5 rows and 6 columns. The spacing between two adjacent columns of beam generating units is b, and the row spacing between two adjacent rows of beam generating units is different. The row spacing between the first row of beam generating units and the second row of beam generating units is a2, the row spacing between two adjacent rows of beam generating units in the second row, the third row and the fourth row is a1, and the row spacing between the fourth row of beam generating units and the fifth row of beam generating units is a2, wherein a2 is greater than a1. Adjusting the spacing between two adjacent beam generating units can indirectly adjust the distance between the beam generating unit and the channel 121, thereby affecting the propagation path of the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit before and after the adjustment to the vicinity of the channel 121, which is conducive to adjusting the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100.

FIG17 is a cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 shown in FIG16. In conjunction with FIG17, when the arrangement of the plurality of beam generating units is adjusted, for example, the length of the path d1 of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140A to propagate to the mass point E near the channel 121 will change, and the length of the path d2 of the beam generated by the corresponding beam generating unit 140B to propagate to the mass point E near the channel 121 will also change. The change in the length of the propagation path will cause the change in the time taken by the beam to reach the mass point E, and accordingly, it will cause the change in the influence of the beam on the vibration of the mass point near the channel 221, that is, the adjustment of the sound pressure near the channel 221 is achieved.

In some other embodiments, the influence of the vibration of particles near the channel 121 can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit in the beam generating unit array.

For example, the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit near the channel 121 may be the largest, the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit near the side wall 111 may be smaller, and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit between the two may be the smallest. The diaphragm areas of the beam generating units are different, and the amplitudes of the sub-beams generated by them are different. That is, the second beam output by the speaker 100 can be adjusted by adjusting the diaphragm areas of different beam generating units.

The diaphragm area can be adjusted by setting diaphragms of different sizes for different beam generating units during the preparation of the beam generating module 140, or by chemically or physically treating the diaphragm of the prepared beam generating module 140 so that The diaphragm of the beam generating unit is partially or completely ineffective, thereby obtaining beam generating units with different diaphragm areas. Exemplarily, the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140 is etched by a chemical solution, and the diaphragm after etching is ineffective and cannot generate beams, while the diaphragm that has not been etched can generate beams normally. The area after the diaphragm is etched can be called an invalid radiation area, and the area that has not been etched can be called an effective radiation area.

It should be noted here that the aforementioned invalid radiation area refers to an area where a beam cannot be emitted. The diaphragm in this area may be damaged after treatment or directly eliminated during the treatment. In other words, the invalid radiation area is an area where a diaphragm exists before treatment but no diaphragm exists after treatment.

Fig. 18 is a top view of another speaker 100, and Fig. 18 exemplarily provides an array of beam generating units with different diaphragm areas. The dimensions of the multiple beam generating units in the Y-axis direction shown in Fig. 18 are the same, and the dimensions of the multiple beam generating units in the X-axis direction may include c1, c2, and c3, where c3>c1>c2.

FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the mm' cross section in FIG18, and the size relationship of the diaphragm areas of the beam generating units 140A, 140B, and 140C is consistent with the size relationship of their dimensions in the X direction, that is, the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140C is larger than the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A, and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A is larger than the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140B. The schematic diagram of the vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140A can be represented by L1 in FIG20, the schematic diagram of the vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140B can be represented by L2 in FIG20, and the schematic diagram of the vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140C can be represented by L3 in FIG20. Since the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140C is the largest, the amplitude X3 of the beam L3 generated by it is also the largest accordingly, and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A is between the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140C and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140B, accordingly, the amplitude X1 of the beam L1 generated by the beam generating unit 140A is also between X2 and X3. That is, the amplitudes of the beams generated by the above three types of beam generating units satisfy: X3>X1>X2.

Similarly, taking particle E near channel 121 as the research object, assuming that the phases of beams L1, L2 and L3 in Figure 20 when they arrive at particle E are all at the peak, then the relationship between the amplitudes of vibration of particle E caused by beams L1, L2 and L3 is related to the amplitudes of the three beams, that is, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140C has the greatest impact on the vibration of particle E, the wave velocity generated by beam generating unit 140A has the second greatest impact on the vibration of particle E, and the beam generated by beam generating unit 140B has the least impact on the vibration of particle E. Correspondingly, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140C has the greatest impact on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121, the wave velocity generated by beam generating unit 140A has the second greatest impact on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121, and the beam generated by beam generating unit 140B has the least impact on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121.

By changing the size of the diaphragm area of different beam generating units, the influence of the beam generated by the beam generating unit on the vibration of the particle near the valve can be adjusted. The greater the vibration amplitude of the particle, the greater the sound pressure generated around the corresponding particle. The higher sound pressure is conducive to the modulation of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 by the valve 120, so that the audible sound output by the speaker 100 retains more sound information and is easier to be perceived by the human ear.

The beam generating module included in the speaker may include multiple beam generating units. The sub-beams generated by the multiple beam generating units together constitute the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140. By adjusting the diaphragm area, arrangement, transmission delay and other properties of the multiple beam generating units, the propagation paths of the beams generated by the multiple beam generating units can be adjusted, so that more beams and higher energy of the beams can be converged at the channel, which is beneficial to improve the sound pressure of the target sound waves output by the speaker.

In addition to the beam generating module 140 provided in the aforementioned embodiment, the present application also provides some beam generating modules 140 with different structures, as specifically shown in FIG. 21 to FIG. 25 .

FIG21 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140. The beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and the heights (dimensions in the Z-axis direction in FIG21) of the plurality of beam generating units may be different, or in other words, the diaphragms included in the plurality of beam generating units are at different heights, or in other words, the diaphragms 141 of the plurality of beam generating units are at different lengths from the valve 120. In some examples, as shown in FIG21 , the height H1 of the beam generating unit farther from the channel 121 is higher, and the height H2 of the beam generating unit closer to the channel 121 is lower.

In some embodiments, the upper surface of the diaphragm 141 can be a plane or a curved surface, the upper surface of the diaphragm can be placed horizontally or tilted, and the height of the diaphragm can be understood as the average height, lowest point height, highest point height or center point height of the diaphragm relative to the bottom of the speaker.

By adjusting the heights of different beam generating units, the diaphragms of beam generating units at different distances from the channel 121 will have differences in the thickness direction of the speaker 100, thereby helping to adjust the propagation paths of the beams generated by different beam generating units and improving the utilization rate of the cavity space of the speaker 100.

FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140. The beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating modules. Unit, the upper surface of the diaphragm 141 can be tilted relative to the bottom surface of the speaker, and the tilt angles of at least some of the diaphragms 141 are different. The angles formed by the diaphragms 141 of at least some of the multiple beam generating units and the bottom surface of the speaker (a side parallel to the XY plane and away from the channel 121) can be different. In other words, the normal directions of the diaphragms of the multiple beam generating units are different. In some examples, for the diaphragm of the beam generating unit far away from the channel 121, the angle α formed by it and the bottom surface of the speaker 100 is larger; for the diaphragm of the beam generating unit close to the channel 121, the angle β formed by it and the bottom surface of the speaker 100 is smaller.

By adjusting the angle between the diaphragms of different beam generating units and the bottom surface of the loudspeaker 100, the propagation direction of the beams generated by the diaphragms of different beam generating units can be adjusted, which is beneficial for making the beams generated by different diaphragms propagate in the direction of the channel 121. The number of reflections or scatterings required in the process of propagating to the channel 121 is relatively small, which is beneficial for increasing the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100.

In some embodiments, the height of at least part of the diaphragm 141 may be different. The height of the diaphragm may be understood as the average height, the lowest point height, the highest point height or the center point height of the diaphragm relative to the bottom of the speaker.

FIG23 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140. The beam generating module 140 may include multiple beam generating units, and the diaphragms of the multiple beam generating units may be non-planar diaphragms such as curved diaphragms or arc diaphragms. In some examples, the multiple beam generating units are provided with curved diaphragms, and the surface of the curved diaphragms constitutes the radiation surface of the beam generating units. The opening direction of the curved diaphragms or the direction of the radiation surface may be toward the channel 121.

Setting the diaphragms of multiple beam generating units as a non-planar structure is beneficial to converging the beams generated by different areas of the diaphragms on the beam generating units. The converged beams can propagate toward the vicinity of the channel 121, which is beneficial to increasing the sound pressure of the second beam output by the speaker 100.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140. The beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units are in different planes, or the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units are tilted. The diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may be parallel to each other or may not be parallel to each other. The orthographic projections of the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units on the projection plane may partially overlap or completely overlap, and the projection plane may be any plane parallel to the thickness direction of the speaker 100, for example, the plane where the side wall 111 of the speaker 100 is located.

In some examples, one side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bottom surface of the speaker 100, and the other side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bracket 147. The heights (dimensions in the Z-axis direction) of the brackets 147 used to fix the plurality of diaphragms are the same. In this case, the orthographic projections of the plurality of diaphragms on the side wall of the speaker 100 may all overlap.

In other examples, one side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bottom surface of the speaker 100, and the other side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bracket 147. The heights (dimensions in the Z-axis direction) of the brackets 147 used to fix the plurality of diaphragms are different. In this case, the orthographic projections of the plurality of diaphragms on the side wall of the speaker 100 may partially overlap.

The multiple beam generating units included in the beam generating module 140 in FIG24 can be arranged in a continuous manner, or in other words, there can be no gap between two adjacent beam generating units. The arrangement of the beam generating unit array, on the one hand, improves the utilization rate of the area of the bottom 112 by reducing the gap between the beam generating units in the plane where the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 is located, and on the other hand, by arranging the bracket 147, one side of the diaphragm is raised, which indirectly increases the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit, which is conducive to improving the sound pressure of the second sound wave output by the speaker 100.

The bracket 147 for fixing the diaphragm may be connected to a reflective surface on one side of the diaphragm close to the adjacent beam generating unit, and the reflective surface may be coated with a coating that is beneficial to beam reflection, so that the beam sent by the diaphragm can be reflected by the reflective surface and propagate in a direction close to the channel 221.

FIG25 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140, which may include multiple beam generating units, and the projections of the diaphragms of the multiple beam generating units on a plane parallel to the thickness direction of the speaker 100 may overlap with each other. The planes where the diaphragms of the multiple beam generating units are located may intersect. In some examples, the diaphragms of the beam generating units located on one side of the channel 121 are parallel, and the normals of the diaphragms are all in the first direction, and the diaphragms of the beam generating units located on the other side of the channel 121 are parallel to each other, and the normals of the diaphragms are all in the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are both in the direction of the channel 121. By adjusting the orientation (opening direction) of the diaphragms of different beam generating units or the orientation of the radiation surface, it is beneficial to make more sub-beams converge near the channel 121, which is beneficial to increase the sound pressure of the second beam output by the speaker 100.

In the beam generating module 140 shown in FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 , the diaphragm of the beam generating unit is connected to the bottom surface of the speaker 100 on one side and to the bracket on the other side, so that multiple beam generating units can be arranged closely together, which is beneficial to improving the speaker 100. On the other hand, the utilization rate of the bottom surface area also increases the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit to a certain extent by utilizing the space of the speaker 100 cavity, which is beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the audible sound output by the speaker 100.

Fig. 26 shows a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another beam generating module 140, which may be provided with a plurality of diaphragms, which may be arranged in a stacked manner. In some examples, the beam generating module 140 includes a first diaphragm 141A, a second diaphragm 141B, and a third diaphragm 141C, which may be fixedly connected by a bracket 147, and the orthographic projections of the three diaphragms on the bottom surface of the speaker 100 may completely overlap or partially overlap.

The multiple diaphragms arranged on the same beam generating unit can be made of different materials, so that different diaphragms can have different performances. When the same electrical signal is input to the multiple diaphragms, the multiple diaphragms can generate different beams. Alternatively, different electrical signals can be input to the multiple diaphragms arranged on the same beam generating unit, so that the multiple diaphragms generate different beams. Stacking multiple diaphragms on the same beam generating unit along the thickness direction of the speaker 100 is beneficial to increase the diaphragm area of the same beam generating unit, and is beneficial to improve the utilization rate of the inner cavity space of the speaker 100.

In some other embodiments, different types of beam guiding structures 130 may be disposed in the cavity of the speaker 100 to adjust the sound pressure near the channel 121 .

FIG27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 100 provided with the guide surface 131 along the X-Z plane.

The guide surface 131 can be used to guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121, so that the beam originally dispersed in the cavity of the speaker 100 can be converged to the vicinity of the channel 121, thereby improving the sound pressure and the transmittance of the sound pressure near the channel 121 to a certain extent. In other words, the guide surface 131 can be used to gradually narrow the propagation space of the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121 from a position far from the channel 121 to a position close to 121, that is, the guide surface 131 is an inclined surface from the edge position of one or more beam generating modules 140 to the channel 121. In other words, the guide surface 131 can include a first side close to the side wall 111 and a second side close to the channel 121, and from the first side to the second side, the vertical distance between the guide surface and the side wall gradually decreases, and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve gradually increases.

The side of the guide surface 131 close to the valve 120 can be connected to the inner wall of the valve 120 facing the inner cavity of the speaker 100. The side of the guide surface 131 away from the valve 220 can be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100, or to the side of the beam generating module 140 facing the valve 220 (the side close to the diaphragm).

In some examples, a guide surface 131 is provided in the inner cavity of the speaker 100. The guide surface 131 is a plane. With the end of the guide surface 131 on the X-Z section shown in FIG. 27 away from the valve 120 and connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 as the origin of the coordinates, the coordinates of any point on the guide surface 131 have the following rule: as the x-coordinate value gradually increases, the z-coordinate value gradually increases. For example, the z-coordinate value of the point on the guide surface 131 can increase in proportion to the x-coordinate value. The guide surface 131 can form a slope or an inclined plane, one side of the inclined plane can be connected to the valve 120, and the other side of the inclined plane can be connected to the side wall 111. The angle formed by the inclined plane and the plane where the valve 120 is located can be an acute angle, and the angle formed by the inclined plane and the side wall 111 can also be an acute angle. The first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam incident on the inclined surface can propagate to a position close to the channel 121 after reflection from the inclined surface, that is, the propagation path of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam incident on the inclined surface to the channel 121 changes.

In other examples, a guide surface 131 is provided in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, and the guide surface 131 is a curved surface. With the end of the guide surface 131 on the X-Z section shown in FIG. 28 away from the valve 120 and connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 as the origin of the coordinates, the coordinates of any point on the guide surface 131 have the following rule: as the x-coordinate value gradually increases, the z-coordinate value gradually increases. For example, the ratio of the z-coordinate value of the point on the guide surface 131 as the x-coordinate value increases satisfies a certain functional relationship with the x-axis coordinate value. For example, the ratio of the increase of the z-coordinate value satisfies a linear functional relationship, a power functional relationship, an exponential functional relationship, etc. with the x-axis coordinate value.

In other words, a first connection position may be provided on the side of the valve 120 facing the accommodating chamber 150, and a second connection position may be provided on the inner side of the side wall 111 or the bottom 112 of the housing 110 of the speaker 100. The aforementioned guide surface 131 is connected between the first connection position and the second connection position, and the first connection position and the second connection position may be smoothly connected or non-smoothly connected. In other words, the guide surface 131 may be a smooth curved surface or a non-smooth curved surface provided with a bending portion or the like. The angle between the guide surface 131 and the plane where the valve 120 is located at the first connection position and the angle between the guide surface and the plane where the side wall 111 or the bottom 112 of the housing 110 is located at the second connection position may affect the incident angle of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 incident on the guide surface, and further may affect the path of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam propagating to the channel 121. That is, the purpose of adjusting the second beam output by the speaker 100 can be achieved by adjusting the shape, position and the angle between the guide surface 131 and another plane at the connection position.

The guide surface 131 can be disposed on one side of the speaker 100, or in other words, a guide surface 131 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100. As shown in FIG. 27 or FIG. 28. Some side walls of the inner cavity of the speaker 100 are provided with guide surfaces 131, or the side walls of the inner cavity of the speaker 100 can be provided with guide surfaces 131. For example, when the inner cavity of the speaker 100 is cylindrical, and the inner cavity of the speaker 100 has an annular side wall, the guide surface 131 surrounds the annular side wall. When the inner cavity of the speaker 100 is a cube, the inner cavity of the speaker 100 includes four side walls connected in sequence, and the four side walls can be provided with guide surfaces 131. As shown in FIG. 29, it is a cross-sectional view of another guide surface 131. In FIG. 29, two oppositely arranged side walls are shown, and each of the two oppositely arranged side walls has a guide surface 131. The shapes or types of the two guide surfaces 131 can be the same or different. In the case where the shapes of the two guide surfaces 131 are the same, the two guide surfaces 131 can be symmetrical about the symmetry axis of the speaker 100 in the XZ plane. The above description of the shape of the guide surface 131 being a plane or a curved surface is also applicable to the case where the number of the guide surfaces 131 is multiple, or the guide surface 131 is an annular structure. Providing two guiding surfaces 131 can further guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121 , which is beneficial to further improve the modulation effect of the speaker 100 on the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 and improve the quality of the audible sound output by the speaker 100 .

The guide structure 130 can be applied to symmetrical valves (as shown in FIGS. 27 to 29 ). FIG. 30 shows a cross-sectional view of another guide structure 130 . The guide structure 130 is also applicable to asymmetrical valves. The first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 have different heights in the Z-axis direction, and the second sub-valve 123 is arranged close to the beam generating module 140 relative to the first sub-valve 122. The guide surface 131 can be arranged on a side close to the first sub-valve 122 or on a side close to the second sub-valve 123. In the case where the guide surface 131 is arranged on a side close to the second sub-valve 123, the arrangement of the guide surface 131 is conducive to guiding the multiple beams generated by the beam generating unit located on one side of the second sub-valve 123 to the side close to the first sub-valve 122, which is conducive to further improving the transmittance of the speaker 100 with an asymmetrical valve structure to the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 when the channel is open.

The guide structure 130 may also be a block structure, or referred to as a guide body 132. The guide body 132 shown in FIG30 may include any of the aforementioned guide surfaces 131. In the case where a plurality of guide surfaces 131 are provided in the speaker 100, the guide bodies 132 including the guide surfaces 131 may be separate blocks, or the plurality of guide bodies 132 may be connected to each other to form a block.

The guide body 132 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, and the guide surface 131 included in the guide body 132 can be used to guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121, so that the beam originally dispersed in the cavity of the speaker 100 can be converged to the vicinity of the channel 221 for corresponding modulation. In other words, the guide body 132 can be used to make the propagation space of the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121 gradually narrow from a position far from the channel 121 to a position close to the channel 121.

In some examples, as shown in FIG. 30 , the guide body 132 may form an integral structure with the housing 210 of the speaker 100, or the guide body 132 may be prepared by integral molding with the housing 110 of the speaker 100. In other words, a structure that can adjust the beam propagation path and/or beam propagation direction is provided on the inner wall of the speaker 100. For example, a protrusion may be provided on the side wall of the speaker 100, and the protrusion may be accommodated in the cavity of the speaker 100. The side of the protrusion close to the beam generating module 140 may be a guide surface 131, so that the protrusion may be used to adjust the propagation path and/or propagation direction of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. Preparing the guide body 132 and the housing 110 of the speaker 100 by integral molding is conducive to simplifying the assembly process of the speaker 100. Compared with the assembly molding process, the integral molding method is conducive to improving the stability of the structural components of the speaker 100, the stability of the performance of the speaker 100, and the user experience.

In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 31 , there is another cross-sectional view of a guide body 132. The guide body 132 can form an integral structure with the valve 120 of the speaker 100, or in other words, the guide body 132 can be prepared by integrally molding with the valve 120 of the speaker 100. In other words, one side of the thin plate-like valve 120 close to the beam generating module 140 is a guide surface 131 that can be used to adjust the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. In this case, the valve 120 is the guide body 132, and the guide body 132 or the valve 120 can be in the form of a thin sheet. For example, as shown in FIG. 31 , the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 have a guide surface 131 that has the function of adjusting the propagation path and/or propagation direction of the beam on one side facing the inner cavity of the speaker 100. One possible implementation method is that the side of the guide body 132 or the valve 120 away from the inner cavity of the speaker 100 (or the outer surface) and the side close to the inner cavity of the speaker 100 (or the inner surface) are made of the same material (for example, piezoelectric material). In this way, when the valve 120 receives a control signal, both the inner surface and the outer surface of the valve 120 or the guide body 132 will deform.

Preparing the guide body 132 and the valve 120 of the speaker 100 by integral molding is beneficial to simplifying the assembly process of the speaker 100. Compared with the assembly molding process, the integral molding method is beneficial to improving the stability of the structural components of the speaker 100, improving the stability of the performance of the speaker 100, and enhancing the user experience.

In some other examples, as shown in FIG. 32, a cross-sectional view of another guide body 132 is shown, and the guide body 132 may be an independent structural unit. In other words, the housing 110, the guide body 132 and the valve 120 of the speaker 100 may be prepared separately and then assembled to form the speaker 100. The guide body 132 may include a guide surface 131 and at least one connecting surface 133. The at least one connecting surface 133 may be connected to the valve 120. 120 is connected to the valve wall on one side of the speaker 100 cavity, or the at least one connecting surface 133 can also be connected to one or more of the two adjacent inner walls of the speaker 100.

The guide body 132, as an independent structural unit, is conducive to decoupling the multiple functional units included in the speaker 100, and is conducive to adjusting the performance of the speaker 100 by changing the structure, shape and other properties of the guide body 132. In addition, since different functional units are decoupled from each other, when a functional structure of the speaker 100 is damaged and needs to be disassembled and repaired, the speaker 100 provided by the technical solution only needs to disassemble and repair the damaged structural unit, which facilitates the repair and maintenance of the speaker 100 during use.

Since the guide body 132 can include more connection surfaces, the guide body 132 can be connected to other parts of the speaker 100 through these more connection surfaces, which can improve the reliability of the connection. Therefore, the guide body 132 is provided to guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, which can improve the stability of the structure and performance of the speaker 100.

The above description about the guide body 132 is only introduced based on the example that the speaker 100 includes one guide body 132. For the case where the speaker 100 includes multiple guide bodies 132, or the guide body 132 in the speaker 100 is annular in shape, the above description about the guide body 132 is also applicable. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

In some other embodiments, the purpose of adjusting the beam propagation path and/or the beam propagation direction can also be achieved by adjusting the structure of the beam generating unit included in the beam generating module 140 of the speaker 100. In other words, the function of the guide structure 130 can also be set on the beam generating module 140. For example, the guide structure 130 can be one or more additional radiation surfaces 134, and the additional radiation surface 134 can be connected to the diaphragm 141 of the beam generating module 140. The setting of the additional radiation surface 134 can, on the one hand, converge the sub-beams generated by different areas of the diaphragm 141, and on the other hand, can also adjust the propagation direction of the sub-beams generated by the diaphragm 141.

For example, as shown in FIG33 , which is a cross-sectional view of another guiding structure 130 , a guiding structure 130 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100 . The guiding structure 130 is an additional radiating surface 134A, and the additional radiating surface 134A is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 141A of the beam generating module 140 through a connecting member 135A.

For another example, as shown in Figure 34, which is a cross-sectional view of another guiding structure 130, a beam generating module 140 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100. The beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units. The guiding structure 130 may be a plurality of additional radiating surfaces 134B, and the additional radiating surfaces 134B may be fixedly connected to the diaphragm 141B of the beam generating unit via a connecting member 135B.

When the diaphragm 141 of the beam generating module 140 vibrates under the action of the control signal, the vibration generated by the diaphragm 141 can be transmitted to the additional radiation surface 134 through the connecting member 135, so that the additional radiation surface 134 connected to the diaphragm 141 can generate the same or similar vibration as the diaphragm 141, so that the additional radiation surface 134 can also generate a first beam.

The additional radiation surface 134 can have a variety of different shapes and can also be made of different materials. The additional radiation surface 134 can be used to converge the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 toward the vicinity of the channel 121, thereby improving the sound pressure transmittance of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 when the valve 120 of the speaker 100 is opened.

In some examples, the additional radiation surface 134 may be a structure including a curved surface, such as an arc-shaped trough structure, an inverted upper structure, etc. The curvature of the curved surface of the structure including the curved surface may be the same or different. The opening direction of the curved surface of the structure including the curved surface may be toward the direction of the valve 120. In the case where the additional radiation surfaces 134 are provided on multiple beam generating modules 140, the opening directions of the multiple additional radiation surfaces 134 may be different. For example, when a through hole is provided on the valve 120, the opening directions of the multiple additional radiation surfaces 134 may all be toward the channel on the valve 120.

The number of the plurality of additional radiation surfaces 134 may be the same as or different from the number of beam generating units included in the beam generating module 140. In other words, the additional radiation surface 134 may be provided on each beam generating unit or on some of the beam generating units.

By arranging additional radiating surfaces of different shapes and orientations on the beam generating unit to guide the propagation direction of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, the resolution of the guiding structure for beam direction guidance can be improved, that is, the accuracy of beam direction guidance can be improved, which is beneficial to further converge the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121, thereby further improving the transmittance of the sound pressure in the valve opening state of the speaker 100.

Please refer to Figure 23. The guidance of the beam by the guiding structure 130 can be achieved by changing the shape of the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140. In other words, the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140 can be set to different shapes to achieve the guidance of the propagation direction of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, that is, adjusting the propagation direction of the beam to converge near the channel 121.

Exemplarily, the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may be arc-shaped, and the opening directions of the arcs may all be toward the channel 121. In the case where the channel 121 is a single-slit opening, the arc-shaped opening directions of the diaphragms of the beam generating units in different rows of the same column (X-axis direction) may be toward the vicinity of the channel 121 (as shown in FIG. 23 ), and the arc-shaped opening directions of the diaphragms of the beam generating units in the same row (Y-axis direction) may be the same. In the case where the channel 121 is a single-slit opening, the arc-shaped opening directions of the diaphragms of the beam generating units in different rows of the same column (X-axis direction) may be Towards the vicinity of the channel 121 (as shown in FIG. 23 ), the directions of the arc-shaped openings of the diaphragms of the beam generating units in different columns in the same row (Y-axis direction) may be different, and the directions of the arc-shaped openings of the diaphragms of the beam generating units in different columns may all be toward the channel 121 .

By directly adjusting the shape of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit, adjustment of different beam propagation directions can be achieved to converge the beams generated by multiple beam generating units near the channel 121. This can reduce the complexity of the inner cavity structure of the speaker 100 and simplify the guide structure 130, which is beneficial for the disassembly and maintenance of the speaker 100 during later use.

In some other embodiments, the guiding structure 130 may be provided with more different structures to adjust the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating unit.

FIG35 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another guide structure 130 , which may be disposed between the valve 120 and the beam generating unit and located in the inner cavity of the speaker 100 . FIG36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 100 including the guide structure 130 .

In some examples, the guide structure 130 can be regarded as a metamaterial structure, and the guide structure 130 can be composed of a plurality of spheres or cylinders with different diameters, and the plurality of spheres can be continuously distributed in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 35 , or the plurality of cylinders can extend in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 35 . For example, the guide structure 130 can include a first cylinder 136A, a second cylinder 136B, and a third cylinder 136C, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder 136A is greater than the diameter of the second cylinder 136B, and the diameter of the second cylinder 136B is greater than the diameter of the third cylinder 136C. In the guide structure 130, the number of the first cylinder 136A can be less than the number of the second cylinder 136B, and the number of the second cylinder 136B can be less than the number of the third cylinder 136C. The spacing between the three types of columns can satisfy the following relationship: the first column 136A can be adjacent to the second column 136B and/or the third column 136C, the spacing between adjacent first columns 136A is greater than the spacing between adjacent second columns 136B, and the spacing between adjacent second columns 136B is greater than the spacing between adjacent third columns 136C.

The gaps between the plurality of cylinders may form channels or paths for beam propagation. The paths for the beam generated by the beam generating unit to propagate between the channels near the first cylinder 136A, the paths for the beam to propagate between the channels near the second cylinder 136B, and the paths for the beam to propagate between the channels near the third cylinder 136C may be different.

The guide structure 130 can be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 through the end faces or side walls of the structural units included therein, so that the guide structure 130 can be fixed in the cavity of the speaker 100. For example, in the guide structure 130 shown in FIG35 , when the structural units 136A, 136B, and 136C included therein are cylinders, the axial direction of the cylinder is the direction of the Y axis, and the end faces of both ends of the cylinder can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100.

FIG37 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another guide structure 130 , which may be disposed between the valve 120 and the beam generating unit and located in the inner cavity of the speaker 100 . FIG38 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 100 including the guide structure 130 .

The guiding structure 130 can also be regarded as a metamaterial structure, and the guiding structure 130 can be composed of structural units of various shapes and/or sizes. For example, the guiding structure 130 may include a first structural unit 137A, a second structural unit 137B, a third structural unit 137C and a fourth structural unit 137D. Among them, the first structural unit 137A, the second structural unit 137B and the third structural unit 137C are all in the shape of an "inverted F", and the fourth structural unit 137D is in the shape of a "soil". The dimensions of the four structural units in the X-axis direction may be the same or different, and the dimensions of the four structural units in the Z-axis direction may also be the same or different. Specifically, structural units of different sizes can be obtained by adjusting the dimensions of components in different structural units. For example, the height f4 of the first subcomponent and/or the width f2 of the second subcomponent of the structural unit can be adjusted.

The gap between two adjacent structural units can constitute a propagation channel (path) for the beam. The lengths of different propagation channels can be different. By adjusting the length of the propagation channel, the length of the path along which the beam propagates in the propagation channel can be adjusted. In one possible implementation, the length of the beam propagation channel between the two structural units can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing f1 between the two structural units along the X-axis direction. In another possible implementation, the length of the beam propagation channel between the two structural units can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing f3 between the two structural units along the Z-axis direction. In yet another possible implementation, the spacing between the two structural units in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction can be adjusted simultaneously to achieve the purpose of adjusting the length of the beam propagation channel.

The guide structure 130 can be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 through the end face or side wall of the structural unit included therein, so that the guide structure 130 can be fixed in the cavity of the speaker 100. The end faces of the structural units 136A, 136B and 136C included in the guide structure 130 shown in FIG37 can be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 in the Y-axis direction, or the exposed surfaces of the two structural units on both sides (X-axis direction) of the guide structure 130 can be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 as connecting surfaces. The guide structure 130 is arranged between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120, and the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 can be propagated through the inside of the guide structure 130 to the vicinity of the channel 121 arranged on the valve 120. The guide structure 130 composed of structural units of different shapes, sizes and distribution methods is arranged, that is, the gaps formed between the multiple structural units constituting the guide structure 130 are used as beam propagation channels, and different propagation channels correspond to different beam propagation paths. The path lengths of the beam propagation paths may be different, and the directions of the beam propagation paths may also be different.

By adjusting the shape, number, distribution, etc. of the structural units included in the guiding structure 130, the beam propagation path can be adjusted, and then the phase, direction, etc. of the beam propagation near the valve 120 can be adjusted, which is beneficial to adjust the transmittance of the sound pressure corresponding to the beam when the valve 120 is open, and is beneficial to improving the modulation effect of the speaker 100 on the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, and is beneficial to improving the quality of the audible sound output by the speaker 100.

The guiding structure is arranged on the path of the first beam propagating to the channel. The guiding structure can adjust the propagation path of the first beam so that the first beam converges toward the channel, so that more beams and beams with higher energy can converge at the channel, so that the sound pressure of the beam before modulation is increased, and the sound pressure of the target beam output by the loudspeaker can also be increased to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the speaker's performance ability for audible sound, especially low-frequency audible sound.

The difference in the sound pressure intensity transmittance of the audible sound output by the speaker 100 before and after the improvement can be determined by software simulation.

For a symmetrical valve, according to software simulation results, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 with the additional radiation surface is increased by about 200-400 times compared to the case where no additional radiation surface is provided. For an asymmetrical valve, according to software simulation results, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 with the additional radiation surface is increased by about 50-500 times compared to the case where no additional radiation surface is provided.

For a symmetrical valve, according to software simulation results, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 with the guide surface 131 is increased by about 20-100 times compared with the case where the guide surface 131 is not provided. For an asymmetrical valve, according to software simulation results, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 with the guide surface 131 is increased by about 10-80 times compared with the case where the guide surface 131 is not provided.

It should be noted that the above only provides exemplary simulation results of some embodiments of the present application, and similar results can be obtained in other embodiments. For the sake of brevity, they will not be introduced one by one here.

It should also be noted that the above software simulation results are only used to illustrate the changes in sound pressure transmittance before and after the speaker 100 is improved, and should not be understood as the difference in improvement results between different types of valves.

The above embodiments provide a variety of methods for improving the quality of audible sound output by the speaker by adjusting the internal structure of the speaker. These adjustment schemes can be coupled to each other or can be independent of each other and can be used in combination with each other. Moreover, compared with using only one of the multiple schemes, using multiple schemes at the same time can achieve better adjustment results, so that the speaker can output audible sound of better quality.

For example, the control signal of the beam generating unit, the arrangement of the beam generating unit, and the size of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit can be adjusted simultaneously to adjust the phase difference and amplitude of the beams generated by multiple beam generating units, so that the first beam propagation converges toward the channel, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the output sound pressure of the speaker.

Based on the same concept, as shown in FIG39 , the present application also provides a sound-generating device 200, which can be used to implement the functions of the aforementioned speaker 100. The sound-generating device 200 may include a beam forming module 210, a beam modulating module 220, a first control module 231, and a second control module 232. In some examples, the sound-generating device 200 may also include a beam steering module 240. The sound-generating device 200 may output audible sound using one or more of the aforementioned functional modules.

In some examples, the sound-emitting device 200 may receive first information 201 sent to the sound-emitting device 200 from an external source. The first information 201 may be sound source information. The first information 201 may include relevant information of the target beam 205. For example, the first information 201 may include frequency information and/or sound pressure information of the target beam 205 signal 205. Using the first information 201, the sound-emitting device 200 may output the target beam 205. Here, the target beam 205 may be the second beam output by the aforementioned speaker 100.

In one example, the first control module 231 of the sound-generating device 200 receives the first information 201, and generates a first control signal 202 for controlling the beam forming module 210 according to the first information 201. The first control signal 202 may be a voltage signal or an electromagnetic signal, etc., for controlling the vibration of the diaphragm in the aforementioned embodiment. The beam forming module 210 generates an initial beam according to the first control signal 202. The initial beam may be a sub-beam of the first beam emitted by the beam generating module 140 or the first beam generated by the beam generating unit in the aforementioned embodiment. The second control module 232 of the sound-generating device 200 may be used to send a second control signal 204 to the beam modulating module 220. The initial beam may be propagated to the beam modulating module 220. The beam modulating module 220 modulates the received initial beam according to the second control signal 204, so that the sound-generating device 200 may output a target beam 205.

In other examples, the sound emitting device 200 may store relevant information of the target beam 205 (e.g., frequency information and/or sound pressure information of the target beam 205) on a local storage medium of the sound emitting device 200. When the target beam 205 needs to be output, the first control module 231 of the sound emitting device 200 may read the relevant information of the aforementioned target beam 205 from the local storage medium, and generate a first control signal 202 for controlling the beam generating module 210 based on the relevant information of the target beam 205.

A communication link 203 may be provided between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232 , and the communication link 203 may be used to exchange information between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232 .

Exemplarily, the first control module 231 can send relevant information of the first control signal 202 for controlling the beam forming module 210 and the first information 201 received by the first control module 231 to the second control module 232, thereby facilitating the second control module 232 to determine the second control signal 204 for controlling the beam modulation module 220.

Similarly, the second control module 232 can also send information related to the second control signal 204 and related information of the target beam 205 output by the sound-generating device 200 to the first control module 231. The information related to the second control signal 204 can be used as feedback information, and the first control module 231 can use the feedback information to further adjust the first control signal 202 in the next cycle. The information interaction and synergy between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232 are conducive to improving the quality of the target beam 205 output by the sound-generating device 200.

One possible implementation method is that when the frequency of the target beam 205 output by the sound-emitting device 200 is low, the second control module can send the frequency information of the target beam 205 and the modulation method contained in the second control signal 204 to the first control module 231. When receiving this information, the first control module 231 can adjust the first control signal 202, for example, increase the intensity of the voltage corresponding to the first control signal 202, thereby increasing the frequency of the beam generated by the beam generating module 210, which is beneficial to increase the frequency of the target beam 205 output by the sound-emitting device 200 in the next modulation process.

In a possible implementation, the functions of the first control module 231 and the functions of the second control module 232 may be implemented by an independent physical circuit or a processing chip respectively, and a communication link may be provided between the two physical circuits or the two processing chips.

Here, the first control module 231 can be regarded as a control module for controlling the beam generating module 140 in the aforementioned embodiment, and the second control module 232 can be regarded as a control module for controlling the valve 120 in the aforementioned example.

In some embodiments, the sound generating device 200 may further include a beam steering module 240, which may receive the initial beam generated by the beam generating module 210 and adjust the propagation path of the initial beam, etc. The adjusted initial beam may be propagated to the beam modulation module 220. Exemplarily, the beam steering module 240 may change the propagation path of two synchronized (same phase at the same time) initial beams propagated to the beam modulation module 220, so that the phases of the two initial beams arriving at the beam modulation module 220 have a phase difference of one quarter of a cycle.

In one possible implementation, the beam steering module 240 may be disposed between the beam forming module 210 and the beam modulating module 220. Part or all of the initial beam generated by the beam forming module 210 may pass through the beam steering module 240 and propagate to the beam modulating module 220 for modulation, so that the sound generating device 200 outputs the audible sound 205.

The sound-emitting device 200 may include different beam guiding modules 240, and the structures and functions of different beam guiding modules 240 are different. For example, the function of the beam guiding module 240 may be realized by one or more of the additional radiation surface, curved diaphragm, guiding surface, guiding body, etc. in the aforementioned embodiments.

The above-mentioned sound-generating device 200 may include one or more beam forming modules 210, one or more beam modulation modules 220 and one or more beam steering modules 240. The beam forming module 210 may also include one or more beam forming units, the beam modulation module 220 may also include one or more signal modulation units, and the beam steering module 240 may also include one or more steering units. Different signal generating units may generate initial beams of different frequencies, different amplitudes, and different propagation directions, and the same signal generating unit may generate different initial beams at different times. Different steering units may have different adjustment effects on the propagation path of the initial beam, and different beam modulation modules may have different modulation effects on the beam.

Different signal generating units may generate different initial beams, that is, the initial beam may include one or more beams. The sound generating device 200 may process these multiple beams to improve the effect of the target beam 205 output by the sound generating device 200.

The initial beam may be a pulse signal, or the initial beam may be a sonic wave signal. The frequency of the initial beam may be greater than the frequency of the target beam signal 205. Exemplarily, the initial beam may be an ultrasonic signal, and the frequency of the initial beam may be greater than 20 kHz. Alternatively, the initial beam may be an audible sound, and the frequency of the initial beam may be less than or equal to 20 kHz.

The sound-emitting device 200 can output the target beam 205 through one or more modules among the first control module 231, the second control module 232, the beam generating module 210, the beam modulating module 220 and the beam guiding module 230. The target beam 205 outputted finally can be adjusted by adjusting the functions of one or more of the above modules.

Specifically, adjusting the first control module 231 can change the signal output by the module for controlling the beam forming module 210, thereby affecting the generation of the initial beam; adjusting the second control module 232 can change the signal output by the module for controlling the beam modulation module 220, thereby affecting the adjustment method of the beam modulation module 220 for the initial beam; adjusting the physical structure for generating the beam contained in the beam forming module 210 can change the frequency, phase, amplitude, propagation direction, propagation path, etc. of the initial beam generated by the module, thereby affecting the generation effect of the target beam 205; adjusting the physical structure for modulating the initial beam contained in the beam modulation module 220 can change the frequency, phase, amplitude, propagation direction, propagation path, etc. of the initial beam generated by the module, thereby affecting the generation effect of the target beam 205. The modulation mode of the initial beam is changed to affect the generation effect of the target beam 205; the adjustment beam steering module 240 can change the propagation path, propagation direction, phase, etc. of the initial beam to a certain extent, thereby also affecting the output effect of the final target beam. In actual use, one or more of the above modules can be adjusted so that the sound device 200 can output the target beam.

It should be noted that the functional architecture of the sound-emitting device 200 shown in FIG39 should not be understood as a limitation on the physical structure of the sound-emitting device 200. That is to say, the same functional module of the sound-emitting device 200 can be implemented by one or more physical structures, and the same physical structure contained in the sound-emitting device 200 can also be used to implement different functional modules. The multiple physical structures of the sound-emitting device 200 can be independent of each other or functionally coupled to each other.

The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application; in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A loudspeaker (100), characterized by comprising:

Housing (110);

A valve (120), wherein the valve (120) and the housing (110) enclose a cavity (150), and the valve (120) is provided with a channel (121);

A beam generating module (140), the beam generating module (140) being located in the cavity (150), and the beam generating module (140) being used to generate a first beam;

A guide structure (130), the guide structure (130) being located between the valve (120) and the beam generating module (140);

The valve (120) is configured to open the channel (121) or close the channel (121) to modulate the first beam, and at least part of the first beam propagates through the channel (121) to the outside of the cavity (150) to form a second beam.
The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 1 is characterized in that the beam generating module (140) includes a diaphragm (141), the guiding structure (130) includes a first guiding structure, the first guiding structure includes an additional radiating surface (134), and the additional radiating surface (134) is connected to the diaphragm (141).
The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 2 is characterized in that the additional radiation surface (134) comprises at least one first curved surface, and an opening of the at least one first curved surface faces the channel (121).
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the guide structure (130) comprises a second guide structure, the second guide structure comprises a guide surface (131), and the guide surface (131) is located between the channel (121) and the side wall (111) of the housing (110);

From one side of the guide surface (131) close to the side wall (111) to the other side of the guide surface (131) close to the channel (121), the vertical distance between the guide surface (131) and the valve (120) gradually decreases, and the vertical distance between the guide surface (131) and the side wall (111) gradually increases.
The speaker (100) according to claim 4 is characterized in that the second guide structure also includes at least one connecting surface (133), the at least one connecting surface (133) is connected to the guide surface (131), and the at least one connecting surface (133) is connected to the valve (120) and/or the shell (110).
The speaker (100) according to claim 5 is characterized in that the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve (120), or the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing (110).
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 6 is characterized in that the number of the guide surfaces (131) is multiple, the shell (110) includes a plurality of side walls (111), and the plurality of guide surfaces (131) are respectively arranged corresponding to the plurality of side walls (111).
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that the guiding structure (130) includes a third guiding structure, the third guiding structure is a metamaterial structure, the third guiding structure includes a first structural unit, a second structural unit and a third structural unit, a first path for propagation of the first beam is arranged between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second path for propagation of the first beam is arranged between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, and the first path is different from the second path.
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the beam generating module (140) comprises a diaphragm (141), and the diaphragm (141) faces the channel (121).
The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 9 is characterized in that the diaphragm (141) comprises at least one second curved surface, and an opening of the at least one second curved surface faces the channel (121).
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the beam generating module (140) comprises a first beam generating unit and a second beam generating unit, the first beam generating unit comprises a first diaphragm, and the second beam generating unit comprises a second diaphragm;

The first beam includes a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used to generate the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used to generate the second sub-beam, and an area of the first diaphragm is different from an area of the second diaphragm.
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the beam generating module (140) comprises a third beam generating unit, a fourth beam generating unit and a fifth beam generating unit, the first beam comprises a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam and a fifth sub-beam. A fourth sub-beam and a fifth sub-beam, the third beam generating unit is used to generate the third sub-beam, the fourth beam generating unit is used to generate the fourth sub-beam, and the fifth beam generating unit is used to generate the fifth sub-beam;

The third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the spacing between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the beam generating module (140) comprises a sixth beam generating unit and a seventh beam generating unit, the sixth beam generating unit comprises a third diaphragm, and the seventh beam generating unit comprises a fourth diaphragm;

The orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in the projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane at least partially overlap, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the loudspeaker (100), or the projection plane is perpendicular to the height direction of the loudspeaker (100).
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is characterized in that the beam generating module (140) includes an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, the first beam includes a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit is used to generate the sixth sub-beam, the ninth beam generating unit is used to generate the seventh sub-beam, and the transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam is different from the transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.
The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 14 is characterized in that the valve (120) is an asymmetric valve, and the distance from the eighth beam generating unit to the channel (121) is different from the distance from the ninth beam generating unit to the channel (121).
The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 14 or 15 is characterized in that the loudspeaker (100) further comprises a control circuit, wherein the control circuit is used to determine the transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and the transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the beam generating module (140) comprises a plurality of beam generating units, and the plurality of beam generating units constitute a beam generating unit array.
The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the first beam is ultrasonic wave and the second beam is audible sound.
An electronic device, characterized by comprising the speaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 18.