CN117857985A

CN117857985A - Speaker and electronic device

Info

Publication number: CN117857985A
Application number: CN202211211063.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡成博; 陈家熠; 丁玉江; 陶婧雅; 王晨; 黎椿键; 朱统
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-30
Filing date: 2022-09-30
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Also published as: WO2024066978A1

Abstract

The application provides a speaker and electronic equipment, this speaker include guide structure, wave beam generation module, valve and casing, have seted up the passageway on the valve, and the valve encloses into the cavity that is used for holding wave beam generation module with the casing, and the valve is used for modulating the first wave beam that wave beam generation module produced. By arranging the guiding structure, the sound pressure of the second wave beam generated by the first wave beam after the valve modulation is higher. The energy conversion efficiency of speaker that this application provided is high, the acoustic pressure transmissivity is high, and speaker and the electronic equipment who contains this speaker are to low frequency audible sound's performance ability is good.

Description

Speaker and electronic device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of terminal electronic devices, and in particular, to a speaker and an electronic device.

Background

A speaker is an electronic device that outputs audible sound, and sound pressure of a conventional speaker diaphragm is positively correlated with a surface area of the diaphragm and displacement of the diaphragm. Limited by the physical size of the loudspeaker, the surface area of the diaphragm disposed within the loudspeaker and the displacement of the diaphragm are limited. For audible sounds with lower frequencies, the sound pressure of the audible sounds generated by the diaphragm is smaller and is not easily perceived by the human ear, which results in poor performance of the low frequency range of the loudspeaker.

For smaller size speakers on a terminal device or mobile device, audible sounds with sound pressure within the human ear threshold can be produced by first producing beams of higher frequencies and then appropriately modulating these beams of higher frequencies. The method can improve the low frequency performance of a small-sized speaker on an electronic device to a certain extent, but the method also improves the energy consumption of a terminal device or a mobile device due to the need of generating a beam with higher frequency. It is desirable to improve the energy efficiency of the speaker so that the higher frequency beam is better converted to audible sound after modulation.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a speaker and electronic equipment is provided with guide structure in this speaker, through this guide structure, the acoustic pressure of the second wave beam of the output behind the valve modulation of the first wave beam that produces in this speaker is higher, is favorable to improving the energy conversion rate of speaker, is favorable to improving the expressive power of speaker to with low frequency audible sound.

In a first aspect, there is provided a speaker, the speaker comprising: a housing; the valve and the shell enclose a cavity, and the valve is provided with a channel; the beam generation module is positioned in the cavity and used for generating a first beam; a guide structure located between the valve and the beam generating module;

Wherein the valve is configured to open the channel or close the channel to modulate a first beam, at least some of the first beam propagating through the channel out of the cavity to form a second beam.

In one possible implementation, the propagation path of the first beam is coupled with the shape and/or physical dimensions of the cavity such that the sound pressure of the second beam is increased. The valve can be a symmetrical valve or an asymmetrical valve.

The first wave beam generated by the wave beam generating module can generate reflection, scattering and the like in the process of propagating in the cavity, and the propagation path, the direction and the like of the first wave beam are adjusted by arranging the guide structure, so that the propagation path of the first wave beam and the physical size and the like of the cavity can be mutually matched, the sound pressure of the second wave beam obtained after the first wave beam propagated to the channel is modulated by the valve can be increased, namely the energy conversion efficiency of the loudspeaker in the process of converting the energy of the wave beam generated inside into the energy of audible sound is improved, the sound pressure transmittance of the loudspeaker is improved, and the performance of the loudspeaker on low-frequency audible sound is improved.

In this technical scheme, through set up guide structure in the cavity of speaker, guide structure can make the first wave beam that the wave beam produced the module and assemble towards passageway department to can not under the prerequisite of changing the valve of speaker and the wave beam production module, reach the purpose that improves energy conversion efficiency, the acoustic pressure transmissivity of speaker, both improved the space utilization in the speaker cavity, avoided the change to valve and the wave beam production module of current speaker again, be favorable to promoting the suitability of this technical scheme to different scenes.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, the guide structure includes a first guide structure including an additional radiating surface, and the additional radiating surface is connected to the diaphragm.

In one possible implementation, the beam generating module may include a plurality of beam generating units, each of the plurality of beam generating units being connected to a plurality of additional radiating surfaces, the plurality of additional radiating surfaces facing the channel.

The additional radiating surface, or additional radiating surface, directly connected to the radiating surface of the beam generating module may vibrate the same or similar to the radiating surface of the beam generating module. In the technical scheme, the propagation path of the first beam generated by the beam generating module is adjusted by arranging the additional radiation surface. The scheme can be realized based on the beam generation module and the valve of the existing loudspeaker, and replacement and redesign of the existing components are not needed. The shape, the size and other attributes of the additional radiation surface can be set according to the attribute of the beam generation module, so that the applicability of the scheme is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the additional radiation surface includes at least one first curved surface, an opening of the at least one first curved surface facing the channel.

In the technical scheme, the additional radiation surface is designed into a shape capable of realizing beam focusing, and beams generated at various positions in the concave surface of the additional radiation surface are focused in a specific direction through the change of the physical shape of the additional radiation surface, so that when the opening direction of the additional radiation surface faces to the channel, the sound pressure near the channel is favorably increased. The implementation of the technical scheme is beneficial to realizing the convergence of the first wave beam towards the channel, and achieves the purpose of improving the sound pressure of the audible sound output by the loudspeaker. In addition, when the beam generating module comprises a plurality of beam generating units, a plurality of additional radiation surfaces can be respectively arranged for the plurality of beam generating units, and the attribute of the plurality of additional radiation surfaces can be set according to the attribute of the beam generating unit connected with each additional radiation surface, so that the beam generated by the plurality of beam generating units can be respectively guided, and the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker can be further improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the guide structure includes a second guide structure including a guide surface located between the channel and a side wall of the housing; the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve is gradually reduced from one side of the guide surface near the side wall to the other side of the guide surface near the channel, and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the side wall is gradually increased.

The guide surface may be curved or planar. In one possible implementation, the guide surface is provided between an inner wall of the speaker housing and the channel, and the first beam incident on the guide surface may be guided to a side close to the channel.

In the technical scheme, the guide surface is arranged between the valve and the beam generation module, and the guide surface is used for adjusting the propagation path of the first beam to the channel, so that the first beam is gathered near the channel, and the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second guide structure further includes at least one connection surface, the at least one connection surface interfacing with the guide surface, the at least one connection surface interfacing with the valve and/or the housing.

In one possible embodiment, the at least one connection surface is connected to a side wall and/or a bottom of the housing.

In the technical scheme, the second guide structure is provided with at least one connecting surface, and the connecting surface is connected with the valve and/or the shell, so that the fixing of the guide surface is realized, and the stability of the physical structure of the loudspeaker and the reliability of the performance are improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve, or the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing.

When the second guiding structure and the valve are integrally formed, the second guiding structure can be in a sheet shape, and one surface of the second guiding structure, which is close to the cavity, can be a guiding surface. When the second guiding structure and the housing are integrally formed, the second guiding structure may be in a block shape, and a surface of the second guiding structure close to the beam generating module may be a guiding surface.

In this technical scheme, set up second guide structure and valve as integrated into one piece's structure, perhaps set up second guide structure and casing as integrated into one piece's structure, integrated into one piece's structure is more firm, firm. In addition, a plurality of subassembly integrated into one piece can simplify the assembly process of speaker, is favorable to improving the wholeness of speaker structure, is favorable to realizing the customization to speaker performance.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the number of the guide surfaces is plural, and the housing includes plural side walls, where the plural guide surfaces are disposed corresponding to the plural side walls, respectively.

In one possible implementation, the housing of the speaker has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the number of the guide surfaces may be at least two, and the at least two guide surfaces may be connected to any two of the four side walls of the housing, respectively.

In another possible implementation, the housing of the loudspeaker is cylindrical and the guiding surface may be an annular structure, the outer wall of which is connected to the inner wall of the housing.

In the technical scheme, the plurality of guide surfaces are arranged and are arranged around the channel, and the plurality of first beams generated by the beam generating module at different positions of the cavity can be gathered near the channel more, so that the sound pressure near the channel is improved, and the energy conversion efficiency of the loudspeaker is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the guiding structure further includes a third guiding structure, the third guiding structure being a metamaterial structure, the third guiding structure including a first structural unit, a second structural unit, and a third structural unit, a first path for propagation of a first beam being provided between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second path for propagation of the first beam being provided between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, the first path being different from the second path.

The metamaterial structure can comprise different structural units, the same structural units can be distributed according to different distribution modes, and different structural units can be different in shape, size and distribution mode. In the technical scheme, the metamaterial structure is arranged in the cavity and used for adjusting the propagation paths of the plurality of beams in the first beam, so that the utilization rate of the cavity space of the loudspeaker is improved, the sound pressure of audible sound output by the loudspeaker is improved, and the expressive power of the loudspeaker on low-frequency audible sound is improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm faces the channel.

When the diaphragm is planar, the diaphragm facing the channel may be understood as the normal direction of the diaphragm toward the channel; when the diaphragm is curved, the direction of the diaphragm facing the channel can be understood as the direction of beam propagation facing the channel after the beams generated in different areas on the curved surface converge.

The first wave beam generated by the wave beam generating module is converged towards the channel by adjusting the wave beam generating module. According to the technical scheme, the direction of the radiation surface of the beam generation module is adjusted, so that the beam transmitted by the radiation surface can be transmitted towards the channel, more first beams can be converged near the channel, and therefore the sound pressure of the beam output by the loudspeaker and the energy conversion efficiency of the loudspeaker are improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the diaphragm includes at least one second curved surface, and an opening of the at least one second curved surface faces the channel.

In the technical scheme, the shape of the beam generating module is changed, so that a plurality of beams generated by the beam generating module can be gathered at the channel, and the sound pressure of the beams output by the loudspeaker and the energy conversion efficiency of the loudspeaker are improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a first beam generating unit including a first diaphragm and a second beam generating unit including a second diaphragm; the first beam comprises a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used for generating the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used for generating the second sub-beam, and the area of the first diaphragm is different from the area of the second diaphragm.

The beam generating units of different radiation surface areas generate different energies of the beams. In the technical scheme, the beam generation module can be provided with a plurality of beam generation units, the radiation surface areas of the plurality of beam generation units can be different, and the beam generation units with different channel distances can be provided with radiation surfaces with different areas so as to generate a plurality of beams with different energies, and the beams with different wave energies are converged near the channel so as to be beneficial to further improving the energy conversion efficiency of the loudspeaker and the transmittance of sound pressure.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a third beam generating unit, a fourth beam generating unit, and a fifth beam generating unit, where the first beam includes a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam, and a fifth sub-beam, the third beam generating unit is configured to generate the third sub-beam, the fourth beam generating unit is configured to generate the fourth sub-beam, and the fifth beam generating unit is configured to generate the fifth sub-beam; the third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are located in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.

The spacing between two adjacent beam generating units may be understood as the spacing between two diaphragms contained in the two adjacent beam generating units, and the spacing between brackets for fixing the diaphragms of the two adjacent beam generating units.

In the technical scheme, the adjustment of the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating units is realized by adjusting the interval between the adjacent beam generating units. Compared with a beam generation module comprising the same number of beam generation units which are uniformly distributed, the beam generation module can achieve the purpose of improving output sound pressure on the basis of not increasing the beam generation units, is beneficial to simplifying the internal structure of a loudspeaker and is beneficial to the maintenance and the maintenance of the loudspeaker or electronic equipment comprising the loudspeaker.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a sixth beam generating unit including a third diaphragm and a seventh beam generating unit including a fourth diaphragm; the orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in the projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane are at least partially overlapped, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the loudspeaker or perpendicular to the height direction of the loudspeaker.

In this technical scheme, with the orthographic projection of first vibrating diaphragm and second vibrating diaphragm in projection plane at least partly overlap, can further utilize the space in the speaker cavity, and then can arrange the beam generation module of bigger radiating area in the speaker cavity, be favorable to improving the utilization ratio to speaker cavity space, be favorable to further improving the acoustic pressure of the second wave beam of speaker output. With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, where the first beam includes a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit is configured to generate the sixth sub-beam, and the ninth beam generating unit is configured to generate the seventh sub-beam, where a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam is different from a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the valve is an asymmetric valve, and the eighth beam generating unit is at a different distance from the channel than the ninth beam generating unit.

In the technical scheme, the fact that different beam generating units can be different in channel distance on the asymmetric valve is considered, and in order to better improve the sound pressure output by the second beam, different transmission time delay modes for different beam generating units can be used, so that the phase difference of the beam arrival channels generated by the different beam generating units is changed.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the speaker further includes a control circuit for determining a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

If the transmission delays of the plurality of beams are different, the arrival phases when the plurality of beams arrive near the channel are different. In the technical scheme, the phase positions near the arrival channels of the plurality of beams can be adjusted by controlling the time delay of the transmission of the plurality of beams contained in the first beam, so that the phase superposition of the plurality of beams is realized, the phase cancellation of the plurality of beams is avoided, and the energy conversion efficiency and the sound pressure transmittance of the loudspeaker are further improved.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the beam generating module includes a plurality of beam generating elements, and the plurality of beam generating elements form a beam generating element array.

In the technical scheme, a plurality of beam generating units can be arranged in the loudspeaker, the plurality of beam generating units can form an array, the plurality of beam generating units which are arranged in an array form can transmit first beams in various directions in the cavity, and propagation paths of different first beams are different. The implementation of the technical scheme is beneficial to improving the probability of beam convergence and phase superposition generated by a plurality of beam generating units, and improving the energy conversion efficiency and the sound pressure transmissivity of the loudspeaker.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first beam is an ultrasonic wave and the second beam is an audible sound.

The following technical solutions may refer to the relevant content of the first aspect for beneficial effects and relevant explanation, and for brevity, the following description will be omitted.

In a second aspect, there is provided a speaker, the speaker comprising: a housing; the valve and the shell enclose a cavity, and the valve is provided with a channel; the beam generation module is positioned in the cavity and used for generating a first beam; wherein the valve is configured to open the channel or close the channel to modulate a first beam, at least some of the first beam propagating through the channel out of the cavity to form a second beam.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, and the diaphragm faces the channel.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the diaphragm includes at least one second curved surface, and an opening of the at least one second curved surface faces the channel.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a first beam generating unit and a second beam generating unit, where the first beam generating unit includes a first diaphragm, and the second beam generating unit includes a second diaphragm; the first beam comprises a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used for generating the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used for generating the second sub-beam, and the area of the first diaphragm is different from the area of the second diaphragm.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a third beam generating unit, a fourth beam generating unit, and a fifth beam generating unit, where the first beam includes a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam, and a fifth sub-beam, the third beam generating unit is configured to generate the third sub-beam, the fourth beam generating unit is configured to generate the fourth sub-beam, and the fifth beam generating unit is configured to generate the fifth sub-beam; the third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are located in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a sixth beam generating unit and a seventh beam generating unit, where the sixth beam generating unit includes a third diaphragm, and the seventh beam generating unit includes a fourth diaphragm; the orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in the projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane are at least partially overlapped, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the loudspeaker or perpendicular to the height direction of the loudspeaker.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, where the first beam includes a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit is configured to generate the sixth sub-beam, and the ninth beam generating unit is configured to generate the seventh sub-beam, where a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam is different from a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the valve is an asymmetric valve, and the eighth beam generating unit is at a different distance from the channel than the ninth beam generating unit.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the speaker further includes a control circuit for determining a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a plurality of beam generating elements, and the plurality of beam generating elements form a beam generating element array.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the speaker further includes a guide structure between the valve and the beam generating module.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the beam generating module includes a diaphragm, and the guide structure includes a first guide structure including an additional radiating surface connected to the diaphragm.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the additional radiation surface includes at least one first curved surface, an opening of the at least one first curved surface facing the channel.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the guide structure includes a second guide structure including a guide surface located between the channel and a side wall of the housing; the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve is gradually reduced from one side of the guide surface near the side wall to the other side of the guide surface near the channel, and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the side wall is gradually increased.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second guide structure further includes at least one connection surface, the at least one connection surface being connected to the guide surface, the at least one connection surface being connected to the valve and/or the housing.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve or, alternatively, the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, the number of the guide surfaces is plural, and the housing includes plural side walls, where the plural guide surfaces are disposed corresponding to the plural side walls, respectively.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the guiding structure further includes a third guiding structure, the third guiding structure being a metamaterial structure, the third guiding structure including a first structural unit, a second structural unit, and a third structural unit, a first path for propagation of a first beam being provided between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second path for propagation of the first beam being provided between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, the first path being different from the second path.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first beam is an ultrasonic wave and the second beam is an audible sound.

In a third aspect, there is provided an electronic device comprising a loudspeaker according to the first aspect and possible implementations thereof, or comprising a loudspeaker according to the second aspect and possible implementations thereof.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 to 5 are schematic structural diagrams of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 to 10 are schematic structural diagrams of a speaker valve according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 and fig. 12 are schematic structural diagrams of a beam generating module according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a beam generating unit array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam generating element array shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a waveform diagram of different beams generated by the beam generating unit array shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of another beam generating unit array according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam generating element array shown in fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of yet another beam generating element array provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the beam generating element array shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram of different beams generated by the beam generating unit array shown in fig. 18.

Fig. 21 to 26 are schematic cross-sectional views of still other beam generating element arrays provided in the embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 27 to 29 are schematic cross-sectional views of guide surfaces provided in embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 30 to 32 are schematic cross-sectional views of a guide body provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 33 and 34 are schematic cross-sectional views of additional radiating surfaces provided by embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 35 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metamaterial according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a speaker incorporating the metamaterial shown in fig. 35.

Fig. 37 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another metamaterial provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 38 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a speaker incorporating the metamaterial shown in fig. 37.

Fig. 39 is a schematic block diagram of a sound generating apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, are described in detail below. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in this application, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. In the embodiment of the present application, "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.

Unless defined otherwise, technical terms or scientific data used herein should be understood to have a common meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not necessarily indicate or refer to devices or elements that must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.

Before describing the embodiments of the present application, first, technical content related to the present application, such as a sound producing principle of a speaker, will be briefly described.

The vibration of the sound source may generate sound waves, which can cause the hearing of the animal when the frequency and intensity of the sound waves reach a specific range. The vibration frequency range that can be sensed by the human ear is about 20Hz to 20kHz, the intensity range is 0.00002Pa to 100Pa, and sound waves in this frequency range and intensity range can be referred to as audible sound. Among them, sound waves having frequencies of 20Hz to 500Hz are generally called low-frequency sounds, sound waves having frequencies of 500Hz to 2000Hz are called medium-frequency sounds, and sound waves having frequencies higher than 2000Hz and lower than 16kHz are called high-frequency sounds.

Sound pressure level (sound pressure level, SPL) refers to the "effective sound pressure" measured in logarithmic scale, in decibels (dB) relative to the magnitude of a baseline value. For human hearing, in the most sensitive frequency range of 2000Hz to 5000Hz, the threshold (minimum sound pressure or intensity of sound that can be perceived by human or animal ears in a specific environment) is about 0.00002Pa, and therefore this is generally taken as a reference value for sound pressure level.

The sound pressure generated by a conventional loudspeaker diaphragm can be expressed as P.alpha.S.A, where S is the diaphragm surface area and A is the acceleration of the diaphragm. That is, the sound pressure P is proportional to the product of the surface area S of the diaphragm and the acceleration a of the diaphragm. The relationship between the acceleration A of the diaphragm and the displacement D of the diaphragm can be expressed as A.alpha.f ² D, where f is the angular frequency of the sound wave. Thus, the sound pressure P can be expressed as P+.f ² S.D, where S.D may represent the air pushing amount V caused by vibration of the loudspeaker diaphragm, and further, the sound pressure P may be expressed as P.alpha.f ² V, that is, the sound pressure P is proportional to the product of the square of the angular frequency f of the sound wave and the air push quantity V. Alternatively, the sound pressure P is positively correlated with the energy of the sound wave.

The energy input to the speaker can more convert the energy of the audible sound output from the speaker that can be perceived by human ears, or the greater the sound pressure (the greater the transmittance of the sound pressure) that can be transmitted through the speaker and output, the higher the energy conversion rate of the speaker. For audible sounds with lower frequencies, the corresponding sound pressure is higher and the performance of the speaker at low frequencies is stronger.

Speakers (loudspeckers), also known as horns, boxes, loudspeakers, are transducers, electronic components that convert electronic signals into sound.

Modulation (modulation) is a technique of mixing one or more periodic carriers into a signal to be transmitted, and can be classified into digital modulation and analog modulation according to the difference of the modulated signals. Modulation may change the magnitude of the signal, the spectral composition, etc., thereby facilitating signal transmission.

Mechanical wave: a phenomenon in which mechanical vibrations propagate in space, which is a wave.

Acoustic waves: is energy propagated in a medium, and is pressurized and depressurized through an adiabatic process. Important physical quantities used to describe sound waves are sound pressure, particle velocity, particle displacement, and sound intensity. Acoustic waves are a type of mechanical wave. In this document, acoustic waves may include ultrasonic and/or audible acoustic waves, infrasonic waves, and the like.

Pulse wave: or pulse, may be used to refer to a beam in which the signal characteristics (e.g., phase, frequency) change rapidly from a reference value to a higher or lower value, and then back to the reference value rapidly.

Metamaterial: refers to a class of man-made materials with special properties, which are due to their precise geometry and size, wherein the microstructure, size scale is smaller than the wavelength of the sound wave it acts on, thus allowing to influence the wave.

The embodiment of the application provides a loudspeaker and electronic equipment applying the loudspeaker, wherein the electronic equipment can be electronic equipment such as a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a hearing aid, intelligent wearable equipment and the like which need to output audio through the loudspeaker. The smart wearable device may be a smart watch, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) glasses, AR helmets, or Virtual Reality (VR) glasses, etc. The loudspeaker can also be applied to the fields of full houses, intelligent houses, automobiles and the like and used as audio equipment or part of the audio equipment.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 1, speaker 100A may act as a sound emitting device for a wearable device (e.g., headset 1000). The enclosure 2000 may contain one or more speakers 100B, and the one or more speakers 1000B may constitute a sound module of the enclosure 2000. Speaker 100C may also be configured as a sound emitting device of a terminal device (e.g., tablet 3000) and mounted inside tablet 3000.

The process of outputting audible sound by the speaker 100 provided herein is described below in connection with the physical structure of the speaker 100.

Fig. 2-5 are isometric views of speaker 100. Speaker 100 may include a housing 110, a valve 120, and one or more beam generating modules 140. In some embodiments, speaker 100 may also include a guide structure 130. Wherein the housing 110 may include a side wall 111 and a bottom 112, the valve 120 may be positioned at a first end of the side wall 111, and the bottom 112 may be positioned at a second end of the side wall 111, the first and second ends being opposite ends of the side wall 111. The housing 110 and the valve 120 may enclose a housing cavity 150, and the housing cavity 150 may be used to house the guiding structure 130 and the beam generating module 140. Alternatively, the speaker 100 may be considered as a box structure, in which the aforementioned devices such as the guiding structure 130 and the beam generating module 140 are accommodated in a cavity of the box structure, and in some embodiments, these devices may be disposed near a bottom of the box structure, where an opening is disposed at an end of the box structure away from the bottom, and a valve 120 is disposed near the opening.

The beam generating module 140 may be disposed near the bottom 112 of the housing 110, and the beam generating module 140 may be configured to generate a first beam, which may be composed of a plurality of sub-beams. The first beam may be a mechanical wave, such as an ultrasonic wave, an audible sound wave. . The first beam may also be referred to as a first acoustic wave. The first beam may also be referred to as the initial beam. In some embodiments, the beam generating module 140 may be a transducer that may convert an electrical signal into a vibration signal, thereby forming a first beam. The first beam propagates in the cavity 150, and when propagating to the valve 120, at least part of the first beam propagates outside the cavity 150 by controlling the switching frequency of the valve 120, so as to modulate the first beam, and the first beam propagating outside the cavity 150 is a second beam, which may be also referred to as a second acoustic wave. When the valve 120 is open, the first beam may propagate out of the cavity 150; when the valve 120 is closed, the first beam does not propagate out of the cavity 150.

The beam generating module 140 may also be disposed in the middle of the cavity 150, or the beam generating module 140 may divide the cavity 150 into two sub-cavities, one of which is located between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120, and the other of which is located between the beam generating module 140 and the bottom 112 of the housing 110. For convenience of description, in the following embodiments, the beam generating module 140 is disposed near the bottom 112 of the housing 110, and reference may be made to the following embodiments for the case where the beam generating module 140 is located in the middle of the cavity 150. It should be understood that the following embodiments should not be construed as limiting the technical solution of the present application by taking the example that the beam generating module 140 is disposed near the bottom 112 of the housing 110.

In some embodiments, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, each of which may be used to generate a sub-beam of the first beam, and the frequency, amplitude, etc. properties of the different sub-beams may be the same or different. The properties such as the frequency, amplitude, etc. of the sub-beams generated by the beam generating units can be adjusted by adjusting the sizes and shapes of the plurality of beam generating units. For example, the size of the beam generating unit is increased so that a larger area of the diaphragm can be provided, whereby sub-beams of the first beam having a larger amplitude can be generated.

In one possible implementation, the shape, size, material, etc. of the plurality of beam generating units may be the same, so that the properties of frequencies, amplitudes, etc. of the sub-beams generated by the plurality of beam generating units may be the same or similar, and the modulation mode for modulating the first beam including the plurality of sub-beams may be simpler.

In another possible implementation, the shape, size, material, etc. of the plurality of beam generating units may be different, for example, for beam generating units at different positions in the speaker 100, diaphragms with different sizes may be disposed, so that the beam generating units at different positions generate different sub-beams, the first beams composed of different sub-beams are different, and the second beams generated by the first beams after modulation may also be different. That is, the adjustment of the second beam output from the speaker 100 can be achieved by setting the shape, size, and other properties of the different beam generating units.

The frequency of the second beam may be lower than the frequency of the first beam compared to the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 in the foregoing, so that the second beam may fall within the frequency range of the audible sound after the first beam is modulated.

In one possible implementation, the plurality of beam generating units may be uniformly arranged on a first plane parallel to a plane on which the bottom of the housing 110 is located, i.e., the interval between adjacent two beam generating units is the same.

In another possible implementation, the plurality of beam generating units may be unevenly arranged on a first plane parallel to a plane on which the bottom of the housing 110 is located, and the interval between two adjacent beam generating units may be different.

The arrangement of the plurality of beam generating units is different, and the properties of the first beams composed of the sub-beams generated by the plurality of beam generating units are also different, so that the second beams formed by modulating the first beams, that is, the second beams output by the speaker 100 are also different.

In some examples, referring to fig. 11 below, the beam generating module 140 may include a diaphragm 141, and a plane of the diaphragm 141 may be regarded as a radiation surface of the beam generating module 140. The diaphragm 141 may be a piezoelectric film, and when a voltage is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may deform, for example, the diaphragm 141 may deform in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, and when the diaphragm 141 deforms upward in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, the air diaphragm above the diaphragm 141 is pushed to vibrate upward, and when the diaphragm 141 deforms downward in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 141, the air diaphragm above the diaphragm 141 is pushed to vibrate downward. The back and forth deformation of the diaphragm 141 between the deformation zero point and the deformation maximum point can drive the gas near the diaphragm 141 to vibrate, that is, the diaphragm 141 pushes the gas to make the vibration propagate along a certain direction, that is, a first wave beam is formed.

Here, when the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the diaphragm 141 may refer to the diaphragm 141 on each beam generating unit. The size of the diaphragm 141 of the plurality of beam generating units may be set according to the size of the beam generating unit, and a larger beam generating unit may be provided with a larger area of the diaphragm 141. The diaphragm 141 may be parallel to the plane of the bottom 112 of the speaker 100, or may form a certain included angle with the plane of the bottom 112. The angles formed by the diaphragms 141 of the different beam generating units and the plane of the bottom 112 of the loudspeaker 100 may be the same or different. The diaphragm 141 may be a planar diaphragm or a curved diaphragm having a certain radian.

The size of the area of the diaphragm 141 can influence the amplitude of the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit, the included angle formed by the diaphragm 141 and the bottom 112 of the loudspeaker 100 can influence the propagation direction and propagation path of the sub-beam, and the curved diaphragm can converge the beams generated by different areas of the diaphragm 141 to a certain extent. Thus, adjusting one or more of the properties of the diaphragm 141 may affect the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit, and thus also affect the first beam including the sub-beam, thereby finally achieving the adjustment of the second beam output from the speaker 100.

Referring to fig. 3, the guide structure 130 may be located within the receiving cavity 150. The steering structure 130 may be used to adjust the propagation direction and/or propagation path of the first beam, etc. The guide structure 130 may perform the above functions through a variety of different physical structures, interface shapes, etc., as described in more detail below.

The directing structure 130 may be located between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120. The guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the beam generating unit 140 (for example, a connector is provided between the additional radiation surface and the diaphragm of the beam generating unit as shown in fig. 30 below), or the guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the sidewall 111 of the housing 110, or the guide structure 130 may be fixedly connected to the valve 120. Illustratively, the guide structure 130 is connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110 and is located directly above the plane of the beam generating module 140.

The valve 120 may be used to modulate the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to output the second beam, or the valve 120 may be used to change the frequency, phase, etc. of the first beam to obtain the second beam. The valve 120 may be provided with a channel 121 for passing the first beam, and the channel 121 may be a channel formed by a slit or a channel formed by a through hole. The channel 121 provided on the valve 120 may be opened or closed in a certain manner (e.g., frequency) to thereby implement modulation of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. Illustratively, the frequency of the first beam emitted by the beam generating module 140 is fq1, the valve 120 may open the channel 121 according to the frequency of fq2, so that the frequency fq3 of the second beam output by the speaker 100 may be regarded as a function of fq1 and fq2, adjusting fq2 may change the value of fq3, and the process may be regarded as modulation of the first beam by the valve 120. The implementation of the modulating function of the valve 120 is further described below and is not described in detail herein.

The positive correlation of sound pressure with the product of the square of the angular frequency of the beam and the amount of air push has been described above. On this basis, it can be considered that the sound pressure is positively correlated with the energy of the beam. Accordingly, the larger the energy of the beam output from the speaker 100 through the channel 121, the higher the sound pressure of the beam, and conversely, the smaller the energy of the beam output from the speaker 100 through the channel 121, the lower the sound pressure of the beam. In other words, for the same input beam, more beams can pass through the channel 121, and the sound pressure output from the speaker 100 is higher. That is, the higher the transmittance of the sound pressure at the channel 121, the higher the sound pressure output by the speaker 100.

As shown in fig. 5, the speaker 100 may be provided with a plurality of valves 120, and the beam generating module 140 is located in a receiving cavity 150 of the speaker 100, and the receiving cavity 150 may include a first sub-cavity 150A and a second sub-cavity 150B. The beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may propagate through the first subchamber 150A of the speaker 100 to the vicinity of the first valve 120A, and be transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel on the first valve 120A, so as to form the third sound wave. The beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may also propagate through the second subchamber 150B of the speaker 100 to the vicinity of the second valve 120B, and be transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel on the second valve 120B, so as to form a fourth sound wave.

A first guide structure may be disposed between the beam generating module 140 and the first valve 120A or in the space of the first sub-chamber 150A. A second guide structure may be provided between the beam generating module 140 and the second valve 120B or in the space of the second sub-chamber 150B. One or more of the first guide structure 130A and the second guide structure 130B may be used to adjust the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140.

In some embodiments, the first valve 120A may modulate the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A generated by the beam generating module 140 to form a third acoustic wave; the second valve 120B may modulate the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B generated by the beam generating module 140 to form a fourth acoustic wave. The first valve 120A may modulate the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A in the same manner or in a different manner than the second valve 120B modulates the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B. In the case where the two modulation modes are the same, the property (e.g., frequency or amplitude, etc.) of the beam output by the first valve 120A may be the same as or similar to the property (e.g., frequency or amplitude, etc.) of the beam output by the second valve 120B, so that the speaker 100 may output similar beams to different directions in space through the same beam generating module 140, which is advantageous for improving the energy conversion efficiency of the speaker 100 and for improving the effect of the speaker 100 outputting audible sound.

Under the condition that the two modulation modes are different, the first valve 120A and the second valve 120B can differentially modulate the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A and the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B, so that the loudspeaker 100 can output beams with different frequencies or amplitudes, and the two beams can be complemented in frequency, so as to improve the effect of the loudspeaker 100 outputting audible sound. In one possible implementation manner, the first valve 120A and the second valve 120B modulate the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A and the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B differently, and in the case that the speaker 100 outputs the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A and the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B simultaneously, the eighth sub-acoustic wave 142A and the ninth sub-acoustic wave 142B may cancel each other at a first position in space, and mutually enhance each other at a second position in space, so that the audio distribution of the speaker 100 in space achieves a differential effect.

Fig. 6-8 schematically illustrate the structure of 3 possible valves 120 provided in embodiments of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a top view of a speaker 100, the valve 120 may include a first sub-valve 122 and a second sub-valve 123, and the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be connected to a sidewall 111 of the housing 110, respectively. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are in the same plane, and in some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be the same size and/or shape. Illustratively, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are symmetrical about an axis of symmetry OO' of the plane in which the valve 120 lies.

The valve 120 further includes a channel 121, the channel 121 is located between the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123, the channel 121 is slit-shaped or elongated, and the channel 121 may be symmetrical about the symmetry axis OO' in the width direction (X-axis direction). The width of the channel 121, or the width of the slit 121, is related to one or more of the properties of the first sub-valve 122, the properties of the second sub-valve 123, the properties of the beam generating module 140, etc.

The valve 120 shown in fig. 6 that is symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO' may be referred to as a symmetrical valve. For a valve 120 where the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are not symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO 'or where the channel 121 is not symmetrical about the axis of symmetry OO', it may be referred to as an asymmetric valve. For the asymmetric valve, in the case that the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, propagation paths of the arrival channels 121 generated by the plurality of beam generating units may be different, and sound pressure near the internal channel 121 of the speaker 100 may be formed by combining sound pressures corresponding to a plurality of different sub-beams, so that adjusting any one of the plurality of beam generating units may have different effects on the second beam output by the speaker 100, which is beneficial to expanding an adjustable space of the second beam output by the speaker 100 and improving quality of audible sound output by the speaker 100.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker 100, and fig. 7 shows another asymmetric valve 120 structure. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are different in height in the height direction (Z-axis direction) of the housing 110. Alternatively, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are not in the same plane (XY plane). Alternatively, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are at different distances from the bottom 112 (or the beam generating module 140) of the speaker 100. In some embodiments, the difference between the distance of the first sub-valve 122 from the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 and the distance of the second sub-valve 123 from the bottom 112 of the speaker 100 may be determined according to the manufacturing material of the valve 120, for example, the difference may be 0.2 to 2.0 times the maximum deformation amount of the manufacturing material of the valve 120. In some embodiments, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 are equal in size and/or identical in shape. The first sub-valve 122 is located away from the bottom 112 of the housing 110 and the second sub-valve 123 is located near the bottom 112 of the housing 110. The channel 121 is likewise situated between the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123.

The channel 221 may have a shape other than the slit shape shown in fig. 6 and 7, for example, a circular hole shape, a "well" shape, or a combination of various shapes (for example, a combination of a slit shape and a circular hole shape). Fig. 8 is a top view of another speaker 100, and fig. 8 shows another asymmetric valve 120 configuration. The valve 120 is provided with a circular channel 121, and the geometric center A of the channel 121 is not coincident with the geometric center B of the valve 120. Changing the shape of the asymmetric valve or changing the position and/or shape of the opening of the channel on the valve may change the propagation path of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to propagate to the channel 121, which is beneficial to realizing the adjustment of the output of the second beam by the speaker 100.

When the channel 121 provided on the valve 120 is opened, the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may be transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel 121, and when the channel 121 is closed, the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may be difficult to be transmitted to the external space of the speaker 100 through the channel 121. In other words, when the channel 121 is opened, the transmittance of the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 is high near the valve 120, and when the channel 121 is closed, the transmittance of the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 is low near the valve 120.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 9, the valve 120 may be a single-hole valve, and the valve 120 may include a baffle 124, where the baffle 124 is attached to a position corresponding to the opening 121 of the inner wall of the valve 120, or where the baffle 124 is covered on a position corresponding to the opening 121 of the outer wall of the valve 120, the baffle 124 may block the opening 121 of the valve 120, so that the opening 121 is closed. Accordingly, when the shutter 124 is moved away from a position close to the passage 121, the passage 121 is opened.

One possibility is that the loudspeaker 100 may send control signals to control the displacement of the flap 124 to effect control of the opening and closing of the channel 121. For example, the shutter 124 may be coupled to an electronic driver, and the control signal may be used to control the operation and stopping of the electronic driver, which may push the shutter 124 to move along P when the electronic driver is operating ₁ P ₂ Or P ₃ P ₄ In a direction such that the flap 124 is attached or capped over the channel 121. The shutter 124 may also be connected to a spring that moves the shutter 124 away from the channel 121 during return to deformation when the electronic drive is stopped.

In other examples, the valve 120 may be a piezoelectric material that deforms in a direction along a plane of the material, perpendicular to the plane of the material, or in other directions when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric material. Closing or opening of the channel 221 opened in the valve 120 is achieved by applying a voltage to the valve 120 to extend or shorten the valve 120.

For example, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 shown in FIG. 10 may be of piezoelectric material,the control signal controlling the opening or closing of the channel may be a voltage signal applied to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123. When a voltage is applied to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be deformed. The deformation direction of the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 may be, for example, a direction approaching the passage 121 or a direction along P in FIG. 10 ₅ P ₆ Is a direction of (2). At t ₁ At this point, the passage 121 is in an open state. At t ₁ From time to t ₂ Between moments in time, the loudspeaker 100 continues to apply voltage signals to the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 being in a continuously elongated state, the width of the channel 121 gradually narrowing. At t ₂ At this time, opposite ends of the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 abut against each other, and the passage 121 is closed. When voltages in opposite directions are applied to the first sub-valve 122 and/or the second sub-valve 123, the deformation direction of the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 is a direction away from the passage 121, and the width of the passage 121 is widened until it is completely opened.

Different types of valves may be used to modulate the different types of first beams, and the valves may also be matched with other functional modules in the speaker, such as the cavity structure of the speaker 100, to achieve the purpose of increasing the sound pressure of the target sound wave output by the speaker.

Fig. 6-10 are merely exemplary of possible configurations of the valve 120, and one skilled in the art can generalize and derive other variations of the valve 120 from these examples, and it should be understood that this section is also within the scope of the present application.

The symmetrical valve and the asymmetrical valve may be used to modulate different beams generated by the beam generating module 140, and the beam generating module 140 provided in the embodiments of the present application is further described below.

The beam generating module 140 may comprise one or more beam generating units, and in case the beam generating module 140 comprises only one beam generating unit, the beam generating module 140 may also be referred to as the beam generating unit 140.

The beam generating module 140 may include a diaphragm 141, and vibration of the diaphragm 141 may be achieved in various ways. One possible case is that the diaphragm 141 may be a piezoelectric material, and when an electrical signal is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may be deformed differently according to the applied electrical signal, so that air generates a corresponding vibration beam. Alternatively, the diaphragm 141 may be a magnetostrictive material, and when an electromagnetic signal is applied to the diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may deform differently according to the electromagnetic signal applied, so that air vibrates accordingly to form a beam. In another possible case, the beam generating module 140 may further include a moving coil, and the beam generating module 140 may control the moving coil to vibrate, and the moving coil drives the diaphragm 141 to vibrate through air transmission, so as to form a beam.

Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a beam generating module 140, where the beam generating module 140 includes a diaphragm 141 and a case 143, one surface of the case 143 is opened, the diaphragm 141 is covered on the opening, and a back cavity 144 is formed inside the case 143. Taking the center point U of the diaphragm 141 as an example, the center point U of the diaphragm 141 can be deformed at zero point (point P ₈ ) Is reciprocated up and down. Specifically, upon receiving the signal 1, the center point U of the diaphragm 141 may be changed from the initial position (deformation zero point or point P ₈ ) Go to P ₇ The point (or maximum point of positive deformation) moves, when the diaphragm 141 receives a null signal, the diaphragm 141 resumes deformation, i.e., the point U may be displaced from P ₇ Point return P ₈ And (5) a dot. Upon receipt of signal 2, the center point U of diaphragm 141 may be displaced from the initial position (deformation zero or point P ₈ ) Go to P ₉ The point (or maximum point of opposite deformation) moves, when the diaphragm 141 receives a null signal, the diaphragm 141 resumes deformation, i.e., the point U may be displaced from P ₉ Point return P ₈ And (5) a dot. The particles on the diaphragm 141 reciprocate back and forth between the maximum point of the forward deformation, the zero point of the deformation and the maximum point of the reverse deformation, and can drive the air around the diaphragm 141 to vibrate, thereby generating wave beams.

Here, when the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the plurality of beam generating units may each include a diaphragm 141 and a case 143. When the beam generating module 140 includes only one beam generating unit, or the beam generating module 140 includes only one diaphragm 141, the diaphragm 141 may be connected to the side wall 111 of the housing 110 of the speaker 100, or in this case, the housing 110 may be the case 143.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, where the beam generating module 140 includes a diaphragm 141 and a support plate 145, a notch 146 is disposed on the support plate 145, and the diaphragm 141 may be disposed on the notch 146. When the diaphragm 141 is deformed, the diaphragm 141 may reciprocate near the position of the notch 146, thereby driving air around the diaphragm 141 to vibrate to generate a beam. The support plate 145 is disposed on the beam generating module 140, and the deformation accommodating space is provided for the diaphragm 141 by disposing the notch 146, which is beneficial to reducing the occupation of the beam generating module 140 in the accommodating cavity 150 of the loudspeaker 100.

When the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the support plate 145 may be provided with a plurality of notches 146, the plurality of notches 146 may be distributed on the support plate 145 in an array form, each beam generating unit may include a diaphragm 141, and when the plurality of diaphragms 141 are disposed on the plurality of notches 146, an array of beam generating units may be formed.

During the reciprocating motion of the diaphragm 141, beams are generated in both an upper space and a lower space of the diaphragm 141, the beams in the upper space may propagate in a certain direction range, and the beams in the lower space may also propagate in a certain direction range. If the beams propagating in the above-mentioned certain direction range are modulated appropriately, these beams can be converted into sounds (audible sounds) perceivable by the human ear. The structure for modulating the beam generated by the diaphragm 141 may be provided in the upper space of the diaphragm 141 or in the lower space of the diaphragm 141. For example, the speaker 100 shown in fig. 5 may output an audible sound from the first valve 120A to the external space, or may output an audible sound from the second valve 120B to the external space.

In the case that the beam generating module 140 includes the back cavity 144, the back cavity 144 may also be used to house the moving coil and a control circuit for outputting a control signal for controlling the vibration of the diaphragm, which is beneficial to repair and maintenance of the beam generating module 140.

The beam generated by the diaphragm 141 may be a mechanical wave (acoustic wave) or a pulse wave, such as a square wave, a triangular wave, a saw tooth wave, or the like. Different modulation methods and/or modulation structures may be employed for different beams.

Fig. 13 shows a top view of the loudspeaker 100, without the valve 120 and the guide structure 130. The beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and the plurality of beam generating units may form a beam generating unit array as shown in fig. 13, and the plurality of beam generating units have the same shape, the same area and the same size, and are in the same plane. In fig. 13, an example of a beam generating element array in which a plurality of beam generating elements are uniformly arranged to form 5 rows and 6 columns is shown, and the pitches between adjacent beam generating element rows may be a, and the pitches between adjacent beam generating element columns may be b. Here, a is a real number that is greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the size of the housing chamber 150 of the speaker 100 in the X-axis direction (or referred to as the width of the housing chamber 150), and b is a real number that is greater than or equal to zero and smaller than the size of the housing chamber 150 in the Y-axis direction (or referred to as the length of the housing chamber 150). The specific values of a and b may be determined according to the size of the beam generating module 140 accommodated in the accommodating chamber 150, or according to the number and arrangement of beam generating units contained in the accommodating chamber 150. By adjusting the values of a and b, the distance from the beam generating unit to the channel 121 can be indirectly adjusted, the propagation path of the sub-beam generated by the beam generating unit is changed, and adjustment of the second beam output from the speaker 100 can be achieved to some extent.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the beam generating unit array in fig. 13 in mm' cross section, and the beam generating unit 140A and the beam generating unit 140B are taken as examples to illustrate the propagation process of the beam between the beam generating module 140 and the channel 121.

It has been described above that the same beam generating unit can be used for a certain extent of its upper space and/or lower spaceBeams are generated within the enclosure. It is possible that beams of different propagation directions propagate to the channel 121, and it is understood that the propagation paths of beams of different propagation directions to the channel 121 are different. Fig. 14 shows a beam generated at the geometric center of the beam generating unit 140A (hereinafter referred to as beam S) ₁ ) A beam (hereinafter, referred to as a beam S) generated by the geometric center of the beam generating unit 140B and propagating to the particle E near the channel 121 ₂ ) To the propagation path at particle E near channel 121.

Beam S ₁ Length d of propagation path to channel 121 ₁ Greater than beam S ₂ Length d of propagation path to channel 121 ₂ . With reference to FIG. 15, due to d ₂ Is shorter in length, d ₁ Is longer, beam S ₂ The time taken to propagate to particle E is short and beam S ₁ Longer time to propagate to particle E. For example, beam S ₂ The length of time it takes to propagate to particle E may be 1.25T, beam S ₁ The time period for propagation to particle E may be 1.5T, where T is the beam S ₁ Sum beam S ₂ Is a periodic one. Beam S ₁ Sum beam S ₂ The initial phase (phase of t=0) is the same and corresponds to beam S at 1.5T ₁ Point R on the waveform diagram of (2) ₁ 1.25T moment corresponds to beam S ₂ Point R on the waveform diagram of (2) ₂ Thus, beam S ₁ The amplitude of the induced vibration of particle E may be R ₁ Is marked as X on the ordinate of (2) ₁ ，X ₁ =0. Beam S ₂ The amplitude of the vibrations causing particle E may be R ₂ Is marked as X on the ordinate of (2) ₂ ，X ₂ Amplitude Am of beam. Thus, beam S ₁ Sum beam S ₂ The combined effect on the vibration amplitude of particle E can be considered X ₁ +X ₂ =0+am. The intensity of sound pressure is generated by gas molecules, and the larger the vibration amplitude of the particle E, the larger the sound pressure near the particle E, and the larger the sound pressure transmittance of the corresponding beam in the case where the beams all propagate from the medium a to the medium B.

As can be seen from the above examples, the adjustment of the sound pressure transmittance of the beam in the vicinity of the channel 221 can be achieved by one or more of the path of the beam propagating to the channel 221, the initial phase of the beam, the propagation speed of the beam, and the like.

In some embodiments, the adjustment of the initial phase of the different sub-beams generated by the different beam generating units may be achieved by controlling the time delays of the sub-beams generated by the different beam generating units. The above beam S is exemplarily shown in Table 1 ₁ Sum beam S ₂ Is a time delay of (a).

TABLE 1

Beam	S ₁	S ₂
			Time delay	Time delay 1 (0.25T)	Time delay 2 (0)

In the beam S ₁ Sum beam S ₂ In the case of applying the time delay shown in table 1, the beam generating unit 140A generates the beam S at the time t=0.25t ₁ At the time t=0, the beam generating unit 140B generates the beam S ₂ . Beam S ₂ The propagation to channel 121 is unchanged, beam S ₂ The effect on the vibration amplitude of particle E is still X ₂ =am. The beam generating unit 140A generates a beam S ₁ ' Beam S ₁ ' 1.5T is still required for propagation to particle E, in which case beam S ₁ ' propagating 1.5T corresponds to R on the waveform ₁ ' Beam S ₁ The amplitude of the vibration of the particle E caused by' may be R ₁ ' ordinate, noted X ₁ ′，X ₁ ′＝Am。

Therefore, after providing different delays to each of the beam generating units 140A and 140B, the effect of the two beam generating units on the vibration amplitude of the particle E can be considered as X ₁ +X ₂ The amplitude of the vibration is significantly improved compared to the value before the delay is not set, =am+am, and correspondingly, the sound pressure transmittance of the beam near the channel 121 is also significantly improved.

In other embodiments, the adjustment of the propagation path length of the sub-beams generated by the different beam generating units to the channel 121 may be achieved by adjusting the arrangement of the beam generating unit arrays, so as to change the sound pressure transmittance of the first beam including the different sub-beams near the channel 121.

Illustratively, the row spacing or column spacing between adjacent rows or columns of beam generating elements near the channel 121 is smaller and the row spacing or column spacing between adjacent rows or columns of beam generating elements near the channel 121 is larger.

Fig. 16 is a top view of still another speaker 100, and fig. 16 exemplarily shows an arrangement of an array of beam generating units. The plurality of beam generating elements may form an array of 5 rows and 6 columns of beam generating elements. The interval between the beam generating units of two adjacent columns is b, the line interval between the beam generating units of two adjacent lines is different, and the line interval between the first line beam generating unit and the second line beam generating unit is a ₂ The line spacing between the adjacent two lines of the second line, the third line and the fourth line of the beam generating units is a ₁ The line spacing between the fourth and fifth line beam generating units is a ₂ Wherein a is ₂ Greater than a ₁ . Adjusting the distance between two adjacent beam generating units can indirectly adjust the distance between the beam generating units and the channel 121, thereby affecting the propagation path of the sub-beams generated by the beam generating units before and after adjustment to the vicinity of the channel 121, and facilitating the adjustment of the output of the second beam by the loudspeaker 100.

Fig. 17 is a cross-section of the speaker 100 shown in fig. 16In a face view, referring to FIG. 17, when the arrangement of the plurality of beam-generating units is adjusted, for example, the beam generated by beam-generating unit 140A propagates to path d of particle E near channel 121 ₁ The length of (a) varies and the corresponding beam generated by beam-generating unit 140B propagates to path d of particle E near channel 121 ₂ And the length of (c) may vary. A change in the length of the propagation path causes a change in the time taken for the beam to reach particle E and, correspondingly, a change in the influence of the beam on the vibration of the particles in the vicinity of the channel 221, i.e. an adjustment of the sound pressure in the vicinity of the channel 221.

In still other embodiments, the adjustment of the effects of particle vibrations in the vicinity of channel 121 may be achieved by adjusting the size of the diaphragms of the beam-generating units in the array of beam-generating units.

For example, the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit near the passage 121 may be set to be maximum, the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit near the side wall 111 may be smaller, and the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit located therebetween may be set to be minimum. The areas of the diaphragms of the beam generating units are different, and the amplitudes of the sub-beams generated by the beam generating units are different, that is, the adjustment of the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100 can be achieved by adjusting the areas of the diaphragms of the different beam generating units.

For the adjustment of the size of the diaphragm area, the diaphragms with different sizes can be set for different beam generating units in the process of preparing the beam generating module 140, and the diaphragms of the prepared beam generating module 140 can be chemically or physically processed, so that part or all of the diaphragms of the beam generating units are invalid, and the beam generating units with different diaphragm areas can be obtained. Illustratively, the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140 is etched by a chemical solution, the etched diaphragm fails, no beam can be generated, and the diaphragm not etched can normally generate the beam. The area of the diaphragm after etching treatment may be referred to as an ineffective radiation area, and the area not subjected to etching treatment may be referred to as an effective radiation area.

Here, the ineffective radiation area refers to an area where the beam cannot be emitted, and the diaphragm of the area may be damaged after the treatment, or may be directly resolved during the treatment, that is, the ineffective radiation area is an area where the diaphragm is not present after the treatment, before the treatment.

Fig. 18 is a top view of yet another loudspeaker 100, and fig. 18 schematically provides an array of beam-generating elements arranged in different diaphragm areas. The plurality of beam generating units shown in fig. 18 have the same size in the Y-axis direction, and the plurality of beam generating units may have a size in the X-axis direction including c ₁ 、c ₂ And c ₃ Wherein c ₃ >c ₁ >c ₂ 。

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of mm' in fig. 18, where the size relationship of the diaphragm areas of the beam generating units 140A, 140B, and 140C is identical to the size relationship of the dimensions thereof in the X direction, that is, the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140C is larger than the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A, and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A is larger than the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140B. The vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140A may be represented by L in fig. 20 ₁ The vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140B can be represented by L in fig. 20 ₂ The vibration curve of the beam generated by the beam generating unit 140C can be represented by L in fig. 20 ₃ And (3) representing. Since the beam generating unit 140C has the largest diaphragm area, it generates the beam L ₃ Amplitude X of (2) ₃ Correspondingly, the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140A is also the largest, and is between the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140C and the diaphragm area of the beam generating unit 140B, correspondingly, the beam L generated by the beam generating unit 140A ₁ Amplitude X of (2) ₁ Also between X ₂ And X ₃ Between them. That is, the amplitudes of the beams generated by the three types of beam generating units satisfy: x is X ₃ >X ₁ >X ₂ 。

Also, consider particle E near channel 121, beam L in FIG. 20 ₁ 、L ₂ And L ₃ The phase when reaching particle E is at the peak, beam L ₁ 、L ₂ And L ₃ Large vibration amplitude that can cause particle E to vibrateThe small relationship is related to the amplitudes of the three beams, that is, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140C has the greatest effect on the particle E vibration, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140A has the least effect on the particle E vibration, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140B has the least effect on the particle E vibration, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140C has the greatest effect on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121, the beam generated by beam generating unit 140A has the least effect on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121, and the beam generated by beam generating unit 140B has the least effect on the sound pressure transmittance near channel 121.

The size of the influence of the beams generated by the beam generating units on the vibration of particles near the valve can be adjusted by changing the size of the diaphragm areas of different beam generating units. The larger the vibration amplitude of the particles, the larger the sound pressure generated around the corresponding particles, and the higher sound pressure is beneficial to the valve 120 to modulate the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, so that the audible sound output by the loudspeaker 100 retains more sound information and is more easily perceived by human ears.

The beam generating module included in the loudspeaker can include a plurality of beam generating units, the sub beams generated by the plurality of beam generating units jointly form the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140, and the adjustment of the propagation paths of the beams generated by the plurality of beam generating units can be further realized by adjusting the areas, the arrangement modes, the transmission time delays and other attributes of the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units, so that more beams and higher energy of the beams can be converged at the channel, thereby being beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the target sound waves output by the loudspeaker.

In addition to the beam generating module 140 provided in the foregoing embodiments, the present application also provides the beam generating module 140 with different structures, as shown in fig. 21 to 25.

As shown in fig. 21, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units having different heights (the dimension in the Z-axis direction in fig. 21), or the beam generating units may includeThe diaphragms of the beam generating units are located at different heights, or the diaphragms 141 of the beam generating units are located at different lengths from the valve 120. In some examples, as in FIG. 21, the height H of the beam generating element is farther from the channel 121 ₁ Height H of beam generating element higher, closer to channel 121 ₂ Lower.

In some embodiments, the upper surface of the diaphragm 141 may be a plane or a curved surface, the upper surface of the diaphragm may be horizontally disposed or obliquely disposed, and the height of the diaphragm may be understood as an average height, a lowest point height, a highest point height, a center point height, or the like of the diaphragm with respect to the bottom of the speaker.

By adjusting the heights of the different beam generating units, the diaphragms of the beam generating units different from the channel 121 are different in the thickness direction of the loudspeaker 100, so that the purpose of adjusting the propagation paths of the beams generated by the different beam generating units is achieved, and the utilization rate of the cavity space of the loudspeaker 100 is improved.

As shown in fig. 22, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, the upper surface of the diaphragm 141 may be disposed obliquely with respect to the bottom surface of the speaker, and at least part of the diaphragm 141 may have different inclination angles. At least a portion of the diaphragms 141 of the plurality of beam generating units may form different angles with the bottom surface of the speaker (the surface parallel to the XY plane and away from the channel 121). Alternatively, the normal directions of the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units are different. In some examples, the diaphragm of the beam generating unit remote from the channel 121 forms a larger angle α with the bottom surface of the speaker 100; for a diaphragm of the beam generating unit near the channel 121, the angle β formed by it and the bottom surface of the loudspeaker 100 is small.

The adjustment of the propagation direction of the beams generated by the diaphragms of the different beam generating units can be realized by adjusting the included angle formed by the diaphragms of the different beam generating units and the bottom surface of the loudspeaker 100, which is beneficial to the propagation of the beams generated by the different diaphragms towards the direction of the channel 121, the number of times of reflection or scattering required by the beams in the process of propagating to the channel 121 is less, and the improvement of the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100 is beneficial.

In some embodiments, at least some of the heights of the diaphragms 141 may be different, and the heights of the diaphragms may be understood as the average height of the diaphragms to the bottom of the speaker, the lowest point height, the highest point height, or the center point height, etc.

As shown in fig. 23, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and the diaphragms of the beam generating units may be non-planar diaphragms such as curved diaphragms or cambered diaphragms. In some examples, the plurality of beam generating units are provided with a curved diaphragm, the surface of the curved diaphragm constituting the radiation surface of the beam generating unit, and the opening direction of the curved diaphragm or the direction of the radiation surface may be the direction toward the channel 121.

The diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units are arranged to be of a non-planar structure, so that beams generated by different areas of the diaphragms on the beam generating units are converged, the converged beams can be transmitted to the vicinity of the channel 121, and the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100 is improved.

As shown in fig. 24, which is a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, wherein the diaphragms of the beam generating units are in different planes, or the diaphragms of the beam generating units are disposed obliquely. The diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may or may not be parallel to each other. The front projections of the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may partially overlap or may entirely overlap on a projection plane, and the projection plane may be any plane parallel to the thickness direction of the speaker 100, for example, a plane in which the side wall 111 of the speaker 100 is located.

In some examples, one side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bottom surface of the speaker 100 and the other side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bracket 147. The height (dimension in the Z-axis direction) of the holder 147 for fixing the plurality of diaphragms is the same. In this case, the orthographic projections of the plurality of diaphragms on the side walls of the speaker 100 may be entirely overlapped.

In other examples, one side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bottom surface of the speaker 100 and the other side of the plurality of diaphragms is fixed to the bracket 147. The heights (dimensions in the Z-axis direction) of the brackets 147 for fixing the plurality of diaphragms are different. In this case, the orthographic projections of the plurality of diaphragms on the side walls of the speaker 100 may partially overlap.

In fig. 24, the beam generating modules 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units that are arranged in a connected manner, or no gap may be provided between two adjacent beam generating units. The arrangement of the beam generating unit array improves the utilization rate of the area of the bottom 112 by reducing the gap of the beam generating unit in the plane of the bottom 112 of the loudspeaker 100, and indirectly increases the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit by arranging the bracket 147 to lift one side of the diaphragm, thereby being beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the second sound wave output by the loudspeaker 100.

The side of the support 147 for fixing the diaphragm, which is close to the diaphragm of the adjacent beam generating unit, may be connected with a reflective surface, and the reflective surface may be coated with a coating layer that facilitates reflection of the beam, so that the beam transmitted from the diaphragm may propagate in a direction close to the channel 221 by reflection of the reflective surface.

Fig. 25 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, where the beam generating module 140 may include a plurality of beam generating units, and projections of diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units on a plane parallel to a thickness direction of the speaker 100 may overlap each other. The planes of the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may intersect. In some examples, the diaphragms of the beam generating units located at one side of the channel 121 are parallel, the normal directions of the diaphragms are all in a first direction, the diaphragms of the beam generating units located at the other side of the channel 121 are parallel, the normal directions of the diaphragms are all in a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are all towards the direction of the channel 121. By adjusting the orientation (opening direction) of the diaphragms of the different beam generating units or the orientation of the radiation surface, more sub-beams are advantageously converged near the channel 121, which is advantageous for improving the sound pressure of the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100.

In the beam generating module 140 shown in fig. 24 and 25, one side of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit is connected to the bottom surface of the speaker 100, and the other side is connected to the bracket, so that the plurality of beam generating units can be arranged next to each other, which is beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the area of the bottom surface of the speaker 100, and on the other hand, the space of the cavity of the speaker 100 is utilized, which increases the area of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit to a certain extent, which is beneficial to improving the sound pressure of the audible sound output by the speaker 100.

Fig. 26 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of another beam generating module 140, where the beam generating module 140 may be provided with a plurality of diaphragms, which may be arranged in a stack. In some examples, the beam generating module 140 includes a first diaphragm 141A, a second diaphragm 141B, and a third diaphragm 141C, where the three diaphragms may be fixedly connected by a bracket 147, and the orthographic projections of the three diaphragms on the bottom surface of the speaker 100 may be completely overlapped or partially overlapped.

The plurality of diaphragms arranged on the same beam generating unit can be prepared from different materials, so that different diaphragms can have different performances, and when the same electric signal is input to the plurality of diaphragms, the plurality of diaphragms can generate different beams. Alternatively, different electric signals may be input to a plurality of diaphragms disposed on the same beam generating unit, so that the plurality of diaphragms generate different beams. The plurality of diaphragms are stacked on the same beam generating unit along the thickness direction of the loudspeaker 100, which is beneficial to increasing the diaphragm area of the same beam generating unit and improving the utilization rate of the inner cavity space of the loudspeaker 100.

In still other embodiments, different types of beam steering structures 130 may be provided within the cavity of the loudspeaker 100 to enable adjustment of the sound pressure in the vicinity of the channel 121.

Fig. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker 100 along the X-Z plane provided with the guide surface 131.

The guide surface 131 may be used to guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121 so that the beam originally dispersed in the cavity of the speaker 100 can be converged to the vicinity of the channel 121, thereby improving sound pressure in the vicinity of the channel 121 and transmittance of the sound pressure to some extent. In other words, the guiding surface 131 may be used to gradually narrow the propagation space of the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121 from a position far from the channel 121 to a position near to the channel 121, i.e., the guiding surface 131 is a slope from an edge position of one or more beam generating modules 140 to the channel 121. In still another embodiment, the guide surface 131 may include a first edge adjacent to the sidewall 111 and a second edge adjacent to the channel 121, wherein the vertical distance between the guide surface and the sidewall is gradually reduced and the vertical distance between the guide surface and the valve is gradually increased from the first edge to the second edge.

The side of the guide surface 131 near the valve 120 may be connected to the inner wall of the valve 120 facing the inner cavity of the speaker 100. The side of the guide surface 131 away from the valve 220 may be connected to the inner side wall of the speaker 100, or may be connected to the side of the beam generating module 140 facing the valve 220 (the side closer to the diaphragm).

In some examples, a guiding surface 131 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, where the guiding surface 131 is a plane, and the coordinates of any point on the guiding surface 131 have the following rule, where the guiding surface 131 is located away from the valve 120 and an end connected to the inner sidewall of the speaker 100 is a coordinate origin on the X-Z section as shown in fig. 27: as the x coordinate value increases gradually, the z coordinate value increases gradually. For example, the z-coordinate value of a point on the guide surface 131 may increase proportionally with the x-coordinate value. The guiding surface 131 may form a slope or an inclined surface, one surface of the inclined surface may be connected to the valve 120, the other surface of the inclined surface is connected to the side wall 111, the included angle between the inclined surface and the plane where the valve 120 is located may be an acute angle, and the included angle between the inclined surface and the side wall 111 may be an acute angle. The first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam incident on the inclined plane may propagate to a position near the channel 121 after reflection or the like by the inclined plane, i.e., a propagation path of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam incident on the inclined plane to the channel 121 is changed.

In other examples, a guiding surface 131 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, the guiding surface 131 is a curved surface, and the coordinates of any point on the guiding surface 131 have the following rule, where the guiding surface 131 is far away from the valve 120 on the X-Z section as shown in fig. 28 and the end connected to the inner sidewall of the speaker 100 is the origin of coordinates: as the x coordinate value increases gradually, the z coordinate value increases gradually. For example, the ratio of the z-coordinate value of the point on the guide surface 131 as the x-coordinate value increases satisfies a certain functional relationship with the x-axis coordinate value. For example, the ratio of z-coordinate value increase and x-axis coordinate value satisfy a linear function relationship, a power function relationship, an exponential function relationship, or the like.

In other words, the valve 120 may be provided with a first connection position on a side facing the receiving chamber 150, and a second connection position on an inner side of the sidewall 111 or the bottom 112 of the housing 110 of the speaker 100, and the guide surface 131 may be connected between the first connection position and the second connection position, and the first connection position and the second connection position may be smoothly connected or non-smoothly connected. That is, the guide surface 131 may be a smooth curved surface or a non-smooth curved surface provided with a bent portion or the like. The angle between the guiding surface 131 and the plane of the valve 120 at the first connection position and the angle between the guiding surface and the plane of the sidewall 111 or the plane of the bottom 112 of the housing 110 at the second connection position can influence the incident angle of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 on the guiding surface, and thus can influence the path of the first beam or the sub-beam of the first beam propagating towards the channel 121. That is, the shape, position and angle of the guide surface 131 with respect to the other plane at the connection position can be adjusted for the purpose of adjusting the second beam output from the speaker 100.

The guide surface 131 may be provided on a single side of the speaker 100, or one guide surface 131 may be provided in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, as shown in fig. 27 or 28. A portion of the side walls of the interior cavity of the loudspeaker 100 may be provided with guide surfaces 131, or the side walls of the interior cavity of the loudspeaker 100 may each be provided with guide surfaces 131. For example, when the speaker 100 cavity is cylindrical, and the speaker 100 cavity has an annular sidewall, the guide surface 131 surrounds the annular sidewall for a circle. When the speaker 100 inner cavity is a cube, the speaker 100 inner cavity includes four side walls connected in sequence, and the four side walls may be provided with guide surfaces 131. Fig. 29 shows a cross-sectional view of a further guide surface 131, in fig. 29 two oppositely disposed side walls are shown, each of which has a guide surface 131, the two guide surfaces 131 may be identical or of different shape, and in the case of identical shapes of the two guide surfaces 131, the two guide surfaces 131 may be symmetrical with respect to the axis of symmetry of the loudspeaker 100 in the X-Z plane. The foregoing description regarding the shape of the guide surface 131 being a plane or a curved surface applies equally to the case where the number of guide surfaces 131 is plural, or the guide surface 131 is of a ring-shaped structure. The two guiding surfaces 131 can further guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121, which is beneficial to further improving the modulation effect of the speaker 100 on the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 and improving the quality of the audible sound output by the speaker 100.

The guide structure 130 may be adapted for use with symmetrical valves (as shown in fig. 27-29). As shown in fig. 30, which is a cross-sectional view of another guiding structure 130, the guiding structure 130 is also suitable for an asymmetric valve, in which the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 have different heights in the Z-axis direction, and the second sub-valve 123 is disposed near the beam generating module 140 relative to the first sub-valve 122. The guide surface 131 may be disposed on a side close to the first sub-valve 122 or on a side close to the second sub-valve 123. In the case that the guide surface 131 is disposed on the side close to the second sub-valve 123, the disposition of the guide surface 131 is beneficial to guiding the plurality of beams generated by the beam generating unit on the side of the second sub-valve 123 to the side close to the first sub-valve 122, which is beneficial to further improving the transmittance of the speaker 100 with the asymmetric valve structure for the sound pressure of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 in the channel-open state.

The guide structure 130 may also be a block structure, or referred to as a guide body 132. The guide body 132 as shown in fig. 30 may include any of the guide surfaces 131 previously described. In the case where a plurality of guide surfaces 131 are provided in the speaker 100, the guide bodies 132 including the guide surfaces 131 may be separate blocks, or the plurality of guide bodies 132 may be connected to each other to form one block.

The guiding body 132 is disposed in the cavity of the speaker 100, and the guiding surface 131 included in the guiding body 132 can be used to guide the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 to the vicinity of the channel 121, so that the beam originally dispersed in the cavity of the speaker 100 can be converged to the vicinity of the channel 221 for corresponding modulation. In other words, the guide 132 may be used to gradually narrow the propagation space in which the first beam generated by the beam generating module 140 propagates near the channel 121 from a position far from the channel 121 to a position near the channel 121.

In some examples, as shown in fig. 30, the guide 132 may be formed as a unitary structure with the housing 210 of the speaker 100, or the guide 132 may be prepared by integrally molding with the housing 110 of the speaker 100. Alternatively, the inner wall of the speaker 100 may be provided with a structure capable of adjusting the propagation path and/or propagation direction of the beam, for example, the side wall of the speaker 100 may be provided with a protrusion, the protrusion is accommodated in the cavity of the speaker 100, and a surface of the protrusion, which is close to the beam generating module 140, may be the guiding surface 131, so that the protrusion may be used to adjust the propagation path and/or propagation direction of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. The guide body 132 and the shell 110 of the speaker 100 are prepared in an integrally formed manner, so that the assembly process of the speaker 100 is simplified, and compared with the assembly process, the integrally formed manner is favorable for improving the stability of the structural components of the speaker 100, improving the stability of the performance of the speaker 100 and improving the use experience of users.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 31, which is a cross-sectional view of a further guide 132, the guide 132 may be integrally formed with the valve 120 of the speaker 100, or the guide 132 may be integrally formed with the valve 120 of the speaker 100. Alternatively, the side of the valve 120 adjacent to the beam generating module 140 is a guide surface 131 that can be used to adjust the beam generated by the beam generating module 140. In this case, the valve 120 is the guide 132, and the guide 132 or the valve 120 may be in a sheet shape. For example, as shown in fig. 31, the first sub-valve 122 and the second sub-valve 123 each have a guide surface 131 for adjusting the propagation path and/or propagation direction of the beam on the side facing the inner chamber of the speaker 100. One possible implementation is that the side of the guide 132 or the valve 120 that is away from the interior cavity of the speaker 100 (or the outer surface) and the side that is closer to the interior cavity of the speaker 100 (or the inner surface) are made of the same material (e.g., piezoelectric material), such that upon receipt of a control signal by the valve 120, both the inner and outer surfaces of the valve 120 or the guide 132 deform.

The guide body 132 and the valve 120 of the loudspeaker 100 are prepared in an integrated forming manner, so that the assembly process of the loudspeaker 100 is simplified, and compared with the assembly process, the integrated forming manner is favorable for improving the stability of structural components of the loudspeaker 100, improving the stability of performance of the loudspeaker 100 and improving the use experience of users.

In still other examples, the guide 132 may be a separate structural unit as shown in a cross-sectional view of yet another guide 132 in fig. 32. Alternatively, the housing 110, the guide 132, and the valve 120 of the speaker 100 may be separately manufactured and assembled to form the speaker 100. The guide body 132 may include a guide surface 131 and at least one connection surface 133. The at least one connection surface 133 may be connected to a valve wall of the valve 120 on the side facing the cavity of the speaker 100, or the at least one connection surface 133 may be connected to one or more of the adjacent 2 inner side walls of the speaker 100.

The guide 132 is used as a separate structural unit, which is beneficial to mutually decoupling a plurality of functional units contained in the loudspeaker 100, and is beneficial to realizing the adjustment of the performance of the loudspeaker 100 by changing the structure, shape and other properties of the guide 132. Moreover, because the different functional units are decoupled from each other, when a certain functional structure of the loudspeaker 100 is damaged and needs to be disassembled for maintenance, the loudspeaker 100 provided by the technical scheme only needs to disassemble and maintain the damaged structural unit, so that the loudspeaker 100 is convenient to maintain and repair in the use process.

Since the guide body 132 may include more connection surfaces, connection of the guide body 132 to other portions of the speaker 100 can be achieved by these more connection surfaces, and the reliability of connection can be improved. Thus, the guide 132 is provided for guiding the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, so as to improve the stability of the structure and performance of the speaker 100.

The above description about the guide 132 is only presented by taking the example that one guide 132 is included in the speaker 100, and for the case that a plurality of guide 132 are included in the speaker 100 or the guide 132 in the speaker 100 is in a ring shape, the above description about the guide 132 is equally applicable, and for brevity, no description is repeated here.

In still other embodiments, the purpose of adjusting the beam propagation path and/or the beam propagation direction may also be achieved by adjusting the structure of the beam generating unit included in the beam generating module 140 of the speaker 100. Alternatively, the functions of the guiding structure 130 may be provided on the beam generating module 140. For example, the guiding structure 130 may be one or more additional radiation surfaces 134, where the additional radiation surfaces 134 may be connected to the diaphragm 141 of the beam generating module 140, and the arrangement of the additional radiation surfaces 134 may, on the one hand, converge sub-beams generated in different areas of the diaphragm 141, and, on the other hand, adjust the propagation direction of the sub-beams generated by the diaphragm 141.

For example, as shown in fig. 33, which is a cross-sectional view of another guiding structure 130, the inner cavity of the speaker 100 is provided with a guiding structure 130, the guiding structure 130 is an additional radiating surface 134A, and the additional radiating surface 134A is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 141A of the beam generating module 140 through a connecting member 135A.

For another example, as shown in fig. 34, which is a cross-sectional view of another guiding structure 130, a beam generating module 140 is disposed in the inner cavity of the speaker 100, the beam generating module 140 includes a plurality of beam generating units, the guiding structure 130 may be a plurality of additional radiation surfaces 134B, and the additional radiation surfaces 134B may be fixedly connected to a diaphragm 141B of the beam generating units through a connecting member 135B.

When the diaphragm 141 of the beam generating module 140 vibrates under the action of the control signal, the vibration generated by the diaphragm 141 can be transferred to the additional radiating surface 134 through the connection member 135, so that the additional radiating surface 134 connected to the diaphragm 141 can generate the same or similar vibration as the diaphragm 141, and the additional radiating surface 134 can generate the first beam.

The additional radiating surface 134 may have a variety of different shapes or may be made of different materials. The additional radiation surface 134 may be used to converge the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 toward the vicinity of the channel 121, so that the sound pressure transmittance of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 may be improved when the valve 120 of the speaker 100 is opened.

In some examples, the additional radiating surface 134 may be a structure that includes a curved surface, such as an arcuate channel structure, an inverted upper structure, or the like. The curvature of the curved surface of the structure including the curved surface may be the same or different. The opening direction of the curved surface-containing structure may be oriented in the direction of the valve 120. In the case where the additional radiation surfaces 134 are provided on the plurality of beam generating modules 140, the opening directions of the plurality of additional radiation surfaces 134 may be different. For example, when a through hole is formed in the valve 120, the opening directions of the plurality of additional radiation surfaces 134 may all be toward the channel on the valve 120.

The number of the plurality of additional radiation surfaces 134 may be the same as or different from the number of beam generating units included in the beam generating module 140. That is, the additional radiation surface 134 may be provided on each beam generating unit or on a part of the beam generating units.

By arranging additional radiation surfaces with different shapes and different orientations on the beam generating unit to guide the propagation direction of the beam generated by the beam generating module 140, the resolution of the guiding structure for guiding the beam direction can be improved, namely the accuracy of guiding the beam direction is improved, the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 is further converged near the channel 121, and the transmittance of sound pressure of the valve opening state of the loudspeaker 100 is further improved.

Referring to fig. 23, the beam may be guided by the guiding structure 130 by changing the shape of the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140, or the diaphragm of the beam generating module 140 may be configured with different shapes to guide the beam propagation direction generated by the beam generating module 140, i.e. adjust the beam propagation direction to converge near the channel 121.

For example, the diaphragms of the plurality of beam generating units may be arc-shaped, and the opening directions of the arc shapes may all be directed toward the channel 121. In the case where the passage 121 is a single slit opening, the diaphragm arc opening directions of the beam generating units of the same column (X-axis direction) and different rows may be oriented in the vicinity of the passage 121 (as shown in fig. 23), and the diaphragm arc opening directions of the beam generating units of the same row (Y-axis direction) may be the same. In the case where the channel 121 is a single-hole opening, the directions of the diaphragm arc-shaped openings of the beam generating units of the same row (X-axis direction) may be oriented toward the vicinity of the channel 121 (as shown in fig. 23), the directions of the diaphragm arc-shaped openings of the beam generating units of the same row (Y-axis direction) may be different, and the directions of the diaphragm arc-shaped openings of the beam generating units of different columns may all be oriented toward the channel 121.

The shape of the diaphragm of the beam generating unit is directly adjusted to realize the adjustment of different beam propagation directions so as to converge the vicinity of the channels 121 of the beams generated by the beam generating units, thereby reducing the complexity of the inner cavity structure of the loudspeaker 100, simplifying the guiding structure 130 and facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the loudspeaker 100 in the later use process.

In still other embodiments, the guiding structure 130 may be provided with further different structures to enable adjustment of the beam propagation path generated by the beam generating unit.

Fig. 35 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further guiding structure 130, which guiding structure 130 may be arranged between the valve 120 and the beam generating unit and located in the inner cavity of the loudspeaker 100, and fig. 36 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 comprising the guiding structure 130.

In some examples, the guiding structure 130 may be considered a metamaterial structure, the guiding structure 130 may be composed of a plurality of spheres or cylinders of different diameters, the plurality of spheres may be continuously distributed in the Y-axis direction in fig. 35, or the plurality of cylinders may extend in the Y-axis direction in fig. 35. For example, the guide structure 130 may include a first cylinder 136A, a second cylinder 136B, and a third cylinder 136C, wherein the first cylinder 136A has a diameter greater than the second cylinder 136B, and the second cylinder 136B has a diameter greater than the third cylinder 136C. In the guide structure 130, the number of first columns 136A may be smaller than the number of second columns 136B, and the number of second columns 136B may be smaller than the number of third columns 136C. The spacing between the three columns may satisfy the following relationship: the first columns 136A may be adjacent to the second columns 136B and/or the third columns 136C, with a spacing between adjacent first columns 136A being greater than a spacing between adjacent second columns 136B, and a spacing between adjacent second columns 136B being greater than a spacing between adjacent third columns 136C.

The gaps between the plurality of columns may form channels or passages for beam propagation. The path of propagation of the beam generated by the beam generating unit between the channels in the vicinity of the first cylinder 136A, the path of propagation of the beam between the channels in the vicinity of the second cylinder 136B, and the path of propagation of the beam between the channels in the vicinity of the third cylinder 136C may be different from one another.

The guide structure 130 may be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 through the end surface or the side wall of the structural unit it contains, so that the guide structure 130 may be fixed in the cavity of the speaker 100. For example, in the case of the guide structure 130 shown in fig. 35, in which the structural units 136A, 136B, 136C, and the like included therein are cylinders, the axial direction of the cylinders is the Y-axis direction, and both end surfaces of the cylinders may be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100.

Fig. 37 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a further guiding structure 130, which guiding structure 130 may be arranged between the valve 120 and the beam generating unit and located in the inner cavity of the loudspeaker 100, and fig. 38 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker 100 comprising the guiding structure 130.

The guide structure 130 can also be considered a metamaterial structure, and the guide structure 130 can be composed of structural units of various shapes and/or sizes. For example The guide structure 130 may include a first structural unit 137A, a second structural unit 137B, a third structural unit 137C, and a fourth structural unit 137D. Wherein, the first structural unit 137A, the second structural unit 137B and the third structural unit 137C are all in the shape of an inverted F, and the fourth structural unit 137D is in the shape of a soil. The four structural units may be the same or different in size in the X-axis direction, and the four structural units may be the same or different in size in the Z-axis direction. Specifically, different sizes of building blocks may be obtained by adjusting the sizes of the components in the different building blocks. For example, the height f of the first sub-component of the structural unit can be adjusted ₄ And/or the width f of the second sub-part ₂ 。

The gap between two adjacent structural elements may constitute a propagation channel (path) for the beam. The length of the propagation channel can be different, and the length of the path of the beam propagating in the propagation channel can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the propagation channel. In one possible embodiment, the distance f between the two structural units in the X-axis direction can be adjusted ₁ To adjust the length of the beam propagation path between the two structural units. In another possible embodiment, the distance f between the two structural units in the Z-axis direction can be adjusted ₃ To adjust the length of the beam propagation path between the two structural units. In yet another possible implementation, the spacing between the two structural units in the X-axis direction and the Z-axis direction may be adjusted simultaneously for the purpose of adjusting the length of the beam propagation channel.

The guide structure 130 may be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 through the end surface or the side wall of the structural unit it contains, so that the guide structure 130 may be fixed in the cavity of the speaker 100. The guide structure 130 shown in fig. 37 may include end faces of the structural units 136A, 136B, 136C, etc. in the Y-axis direction connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100, or the exposed faces of the two structural units on both sides (X-axis direction) of the guide structure 130 may be connected to the inner wall of the speaker 100 as connection faces. A guide structure 130 is disposed between the beam generating module 140 and the valve 120, and the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 can propagate through the inside of the guide structure 130 to the vicinity of the channel 121 disposed on the valve 120. The guiding structure 130 composed of structural units with different shapes, different sizes and different distribution modes is provided, that is, gaps formed among a plurality of structural units composing the guiding structure 130 are used as beam propagation channels, and different propagation channels correspond to different beam propagation paths. The path length of the beam propagation path may be different, and the direction of the beam propagation path may be different.

The shape, the number, the distribution and the like of the structural units included in the composition guide structure 130 are adjusted to realize the adjustment of the beam propagation path, and further the adjustment of the phase, the direction and the like of the beam propagated near the valve 120 can be realized, so that the transmissivity of the sound pressure corresponding to the beam in the state that the valve 120 is opened is favorably adjusted, the modulation effect of the loudspeaker 100 on the beam generated by the beam generating module 140 is favorably improved, and the quality of audible sound output by the loudspeaker 100 is favorably improved.

The guide structure is arranged on a path of the first wave beam, which is transmitted to the channel, and the transmission path of the first wave beam can be adjusted through the guide structure, so that the first wave beam converges towards the channel, more wave beams and higher energy of the wave beams can converge at the channel, the sound pressure of the wave beams before modulation is increased, the sound pressure of the target wave beam output by the loudspeaker can be increased to a certain extent, and the improvement of the expressive ability of the loudspeaker to audible sound, especially low-frequency audible sound is facilitated.

The difference in sound pressure intensity transmittance of the audible sound output from the speaker 100 before and after the improvement can be determined by simulation of software.

For a symmetrical valve, according to the software simulation result, the sound pressure transmittance of the loudspeaker 100 with the additional radiation surface is improved by about 200-400 times compared with the case of not providing the additional radiation surface. For an asymmetric valve, according to the software simulation result, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 provided with the additional radiation surface is improved by about 50-500 times compared with the case of not provided with the additional radiation surface.

For the symmetrical valve, according to the software simulation result, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 provided with the guide surface 131 is improved by about 20-100 times with respect to the case where the guide surface 131 is not provided. For an asymmetric valve, according to the software simulation result, the sound pressure transmittance of the speaker 100 provided with the guide surface 131 is improved by about 10-80 times with respect to the case where the guide surface 131 is not provided.

It should be noted that the foregoing exemplary only provides simulation results of some embodiments in the embodiments of the present application, and other embodiments may obtain similar results, which are not described herein for brevity.

It should be noted that the above software simulation results are merely for illustrating the change of the sound pressure transmittance before and after the improvement of the speaker 100, and should not be construed as the difference of the improvement results between the different types of valves.

The above embodiments provide various methods for improving the quality of audible sound output by the speaker by adjusting the internal structure of the speaker, and these adjusting schemes may be mutually coupled or independent and can be combined with each other for simultaneous use. Compared with the method which only adopts one of the schemes, the method can obtain better adjustment results by utilizing the schemes, so that the loudspeaker outputs audible sound with better quality.

For example, the control signals of the beam generating units, the arrangement mode of the beam generating units and the size of the diaphragm of the beam generating units can be adjusted simultaneously to adjust the phase difference of the beams generated by the beam generating units and the amplitude of the beams, so that the first beam propagates towards the channel to be converged, and the purpose of improving the output sound pressure of the loudspeaker is achieved.

Based on the same concept, as shown in fig. 39, the present application also provides a sound generating device 200, and the sound generating device 200 may be used to implement the functions of the foregoing speaker 100. The sound emitting device 200 may include a beam generating module 210, a beam modulating module 220, a first control module 231, and a second control module 232, and in some examples, the sound emitting device 200 may further include a beam directing module 240, and the sound emitting device 200 may output audible sound using one or more of the foregoing functional modules.

In some examples, the sound emitting device 200 may receive first information 201 externally transmitted to the sound emitting device 200, the first information 201 may be sound source information, the first information 201 may contain information about the target beam 205, for example, the first information 201 may include frequency information and/or sound pressure information of the target beam 205 signal 205, and the like. With this first information 201, the sound emitting device 200 can output a target beam 205. The target beam 205 may here be the second beam output by the loudspeaker 100 as described above.

In one example, the first control module 231 of the sound generating device 200 receives the first information 201, and generates the first control signal 202 for controlling the beam generating module 210 according to the first information 201, where the first control signal 202 may be a voltage signal or an electromagnetic signal for controlling vibration of the diaphragm in the foregoing embodiment, or the like. The beam generating module 210 generates an initial beam according to the first control signal 202, where the initial beam may be the first beam emitted by the beam generating module 140 or the sub-beam of the first beam generated by the beam generating unit in the foregoing embodiment. The second control module 232 of the generating device 200 may be configured to send the second control signal 204 to the beam modulation module 220, and the initial beam may propagate to the beam modulation module 220, where the beam modulation module 220 modulates the received initial beam according to the second control signal 204, so that the generating device 200 may output the target beam 205.

In other examples, the sound emitting device 200 may store information related to the target beam 205 (e.g., frequency information and/or sound pressure information of the target beam 205) on a storage medium local to the sound emitting device 200, and when the target beam 205 needs to be output, the first control module 231 of the sound emitting device 200 may read the information related to the target beam 205 from the local storage medium, and generate the first control signal 202 for controlling the beam generating module 210 according to the information related to the target beam 205.

A communication link 203 may be provided between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232, which communication link 203 may be used to exchange information between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232.

Illustratively, the first control module 231 may send the related information for controlling the first control signal 202 of the beam generating module 210 and the first information 201 received by the first control module 231 to the second control module 232, thereby facilitating the second control module 232 to determine the second control signal 204 controlling the beam modulating module 220.

Also exemplary, the second control module 232 may also send information related to the second control signal 204 and information related to the target beam 205 output by the sound generating device 200 to the first control module 231, where the information related to the second control signal 204 may be used as feedback information, and the first control module 231 may use the feedback information to further adjust the first control signal 202 in the next period. The quality of the target beam 205 output by the sound generating device 200 is advantageously improved by the interaction and synergy of the information between the first control module 231 and the second control module 232.

One possible implementation manner is that when the frequency of the target beam 205 output by the sound generating device 200 is low, the second control module may send the frequency information of the target beam 205 and the modulation mode contained in the second control signal 204 to the first control module 231, and when receiving these information, the first control module 231 may adjust the first control signal 202, for example, increase the intensity of the voltage corresponding to the first control signal 202, so as to increase the frequency of the beam generated by the beam generating module 210, thereby being beneficial to increasing the frequency of the target beam 205 output by the sound generating device 200 in the next modulation process.

In one possible implementation, the functions of the first control module 231 and the second control module 232 may be implemented by separate physical circuits or processing chips, respectively, between which a communication link may be provided.

Here, the first control module 231 may be regarded as a control module for controlling the beam generating module 140 in the foregoing embodiment, and the second control module 232 may be regarded as a control module for controlling the valve 120 in the foregoing example.

In some embodiments, the sounding device 200 may further include a beam guiding module 240, where the beam guiding module 240 may receive the initial beam generated by the beam generating module 210, adjust a propagation path of the initial beam, and the like, and the adjusted initial beam may propagate to the beam modulating module 220. Illustratively, the beam steering module 240 may cause the two initial beams to arrive at the beam modulation module 220 with a phase difference of one quarter of a cycle by changing the propagation paths of the two synchronized (same phase at the same time) initial beams to the beam modulation module 220.

One possible implementation is that the beam steering module 240 may be disposed between the beam generating module 210 and the beam modulating module 220. Some or all of the initial beam generated by the beam generating module 210 may pass through the beam steering module 240 and propagate to the beam modulating module 220 for modulation, thereby causing the sound emitting device 200 to output audible sound 205.

The sound generating apparatus 200 may include different beam guiding modules 240, and the structures, functions, etc. of the different beam guiding modules 240 may be different, for example, the functions of the beam guiding modules 240 may be implemented by one or more of the additional radiation surfaces, curved diaphragms, guiding surfaces, guiding bodies, etc. in the foregoing embodiments.

The sound emitting device 200 may include one or more beam generating modules 210, one or more beam modulating modules 220, and one or more beam directing modules 240. The beam generating module 210 may also include one or more beam generating units, the beam modulating module 220 may also include one or more signal modulating units, and the beam directing module 240 may also include one or more directing units. The different signal generating units can generate initial beams with different frequencies, different amplitudes and different propagation directions, and the initial beams generated by the same signal generating unit at different times can also be different. The adjustment effect of different guiding units on the propagation path of the initial beam can also be different, and the modulation effect of different beam modulation modules on the beam can be different.

Different signal generating units may generate different initial beams, i.e. the initial beams may comprise one or more beams. The sound emitting device 200 may process these various beams to enhance the effect of the target beam 205 output by the sound emitting device 200.

The initial beam may be a pulsed signal or the initial beam may be an acoustic signal. The frequency of the initial beam may be greater than the frequency of the target beam signal 205. The initial beam may be an ultrasound signal, the initial beam having a frequency greater than 20kHz, for example. Alternatively, the initial beam may be audible, the initial beam having a frequency less than or equal to 20kHz.

The sound generating device 200 may output the target beam 205 through one or more of the above-mentioned first control module 231, second control module 232, beam generating module 210, beam modulating module 220 and beam guiding module 230, and the adjustment of the finally output target beam 205 may be achieved by adjusting the functions of one or more of the above-mentioned modules.

Specifically, adjusting the first control module 231 may change the signal output by the module for controlling the beam generation module 210, thereby affecting the generation of the initial beam; adjusting the second control module 232 may change the signal output by the module for controlling the beam modulation module 220, thereby affecting the adjustment mode of the beam modulation module 220 for the initial beam; adjusting the physical structure or the like included in the beam generation module 210 for generating a beam may change the frequency, phase, amplitude, propagation direction, propagation path, etc. of the initial beam generated by the module, thereby affecting the generation effect of the target beam 205; adjusting the physical structure and the like included in the beam modulation module 220 for modulating the initial beam may change the modulation mode of the initial beam, thereby affecting the generation effect of the target beam 205; the adjusting beam guiding module 240 may change the propagation path, propagation direction, phase, etc. of the initial beam to some extent, so as to affect the output effect of the final target beam. During actual use, one or more of the above modules may be adjusted so that the sound emitting device 200 may output a target beam.

It should be noted that, the functional architecture of the sound generating apparatus 200 shown in fig. 39 should not be construed as limiting the physical structure of the sound generating apparatus 200, that is, the same functional module of the sound generating apparatus 200 may be implemented by one or more physical structures, the same physical structure included in the sound generating apparatus 200 may be used to implement different functional modules, and the physical structures of the sound generating apparatus 200 may be independent from each other or may be functionally coupled to each other.

The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes or substitutions are intended to be covered in the protection scope of the present application; embodiments of the present application and features of embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker (100), comprising:

a housing (110);

the valve (120), the valve (120) and the shell (110) enclose a cavity (150), and the valve (120) is provided with a channel (121);

A beam generating module (140), the beam generating module (140) being located within the cavity (150), the beam generating module (140) being configured to generate a first beam;

-a guiding structure (130), the guiding structure (130) being located between the valve (120) and the beam generating module (140);

wherein the valve (120) is configured to open the channel (121) or close the channel (121) to modulate the first beams, at least part of the first beams propagating through the channel (121) to the outside of the cavity (150) into a second beam.

2. The loudspeaker (100) of claim 1, wherein the beam generating module (140) comprises a diaphragm (141), the guide structure (130) comprises a first guide structure comprising an additional radiating surface (134), the additional radiating surface (134) being connected to the diaphragm (141).

3. The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 2, wherein the additional radiating surface (134) comprises at least one first curved surface, the opening of the at least one first curved surface facing the channel (121).

4. A loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide structure (130) comprises a second guide structure comprising a guide surface (131), the guide surface (131) being located between the channel (121) and a side wall (111) of the housing (110);

The vertical distance between the guide surface (131) and the valve (120) is gradually reduced from one side of the guide surface (131) near the side wall (111) to the other side of the guide surface (131) near the channel (121), and the vertical distance between the guide surface (131) and the side wall (111) is gradually increased.

5. The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 4, wherein the second guiding structure further comprises at least one connection surface (133), the at least one connection surface (133) being in contact with the guiding surface (131), the at least one connection surface (133) being in connection with the valve (120) and/or the housing (110).

6. The loudspeaker (100) of claim 5, wherein the second guide structure is integrally formed with the valve (120) or the second guide structure is integrally formed with the housing (110).

7. The speaker (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the number of the guide surfaces (131) is plural, the housing (110) includes plural side walls (111), and the plural guide surfaces (131) are provided corresponding to the plural side walls (111), respectively.

8. The loudspeaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the guiding structure (130) comprises a third guiding structure, the third guiding structure being a metamaterial structure, the third guiding structure comprising a first structural unit, a second structural unit and a third structural unit, a first passage for the first beam propagation being provided between the first structural unit and the second structural unit, a second passage for the first beam propagation being provided between the second structural unit and the third structural unit, the first passage being different from the second passage.

9. The loudspeaker (100) of any of claims 1-8, wherein the beam generating module (140) comprises a diaphragm (141), the diaphragm (141) facing the channel (121).

10. The loudspeaker (100) of claim 9, wherein the diaphragm (141) includes at least one second curved surface, the at least one second curved surface opening into the channel (121).

11. The loudspeaker (100) of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the beam generating module (140) comprises a first beam generating unit and a second beam generating unit, the first beam generating unit comprising a first diaphragm and the second beam generating unit comprising a second diaphragm;

the first beam comprises a first sub-beam and a second sub-beam, the first diaphragm is used for generating the first sub-beam, the second diaphragm is used for generating the second sub-beam, and the area of the first diaphragm is different from that of the second diaphragm.

12. The loudspeaker (100) of any of claims 1-11, wherein the beam generating module (140) includes a third beam generating unit for generating a third sub-beam, a fourth beam generating unit for generating a fourth sub-beam, and a fifth beam generating unit for generating a fifth sub-beam, the first beam including a third sub-beam, a fourth sub-beam, and a fifth sub-beam;

The third beam generating unit, the fourth beam generating unit and the fifth beam generating unit are located in the same plane, the fifth beam generating unit is located between the third beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit, and the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the third beam generating unit is different from the interval between the fifth beam generating unit and the fourth beam generating unit.

13. The loudspeaker (100) of any of claims 1-12, wherein the beam generating module (140) includes a sixth beam generating unit including a third diaphragm and a seventh beam generating unit including a fourth diaphragm;

the orthographic projection of the third diaphragm in a projection plane and the orthographic projection of the fourth diaphragm in the projection plane are at least partially overlapped, and the projection plane is parallel to the height direction of the loudspeaker (100) or perpendicular to the height direction of the loudspeaker (100).

14. The speaker (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the beam generating module (140) comprises an eighth beam generating unit and a ninth beam generating unit, the first beam comprising a sixth sub-beam and a seventh sub-beam, the eighth beam generating unit being configured to generate the sixth sub-beam, the ninth beam generating unit being configured to generate the seventh sub-beam, a transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam being different from a transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

15. The loudspeaker (100) of claim 14 wherein the valve (120) is an asymmetric valve, the eighth beam generating element being a different distance from the channel (121) than the ninth beam generating element.

16. The loudspeaker (100) according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the loudspeaker (100) further comprises a control circuit for determining the transmission delay of the sixth sub-beam and the transmission delay of the seventh sub-beam.

17. The loudspeaker (100) of any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the beam generating module (140) includes a plurality of beam generating elements, the plurality of beam generating elements comprising an array of beam generating elements.

18. The loudspeaker (100) of any of claims 1-17, wherein the first beam is ultrasonic and the second beam is audible.

19. An electronic device characterized by comprising a loudspeaker (100) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 18.