WO2024063709A1

WO2024063709A1 - Roller bearing assembly driven reducer with camshaft

Info

Publication number: WO2024063709A1
Application number: PCT/TR2022/051003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Göktuğ Arda GÖK
Original assignee: Goek Goektug Arda
Priority date: 2022-09-19
Filing date: 2022-09-19
Publication date: 2024-03-28

Abstract

The invention relates to a reducer used for the transfer of linear and circular motion in machines in the industrial area and providing the elimination of life problems and friction problems.

Description

ROLLER BEARING ASSEMBLY DRIVEN REDUCER WITH CAMSHAFT

Technical Field

The invention relates to reducers used for linear and circular motion transfer in machines in industrial areas.

In particular, the invention relates to a reducer that enables the elimination of life problems caused by sudden speed changes at the screw shaft inlet and friction between the ball and the shaft, and rolling friction and friction problems by means of a roller bearing assembly instead of a ball that is weak in terms of surface tension.

State of the Art

Conventional reducers are generally obtained by straight gear assemblies, bevel gear assemblies or worm screw helical gear assemblies and their derivatives or their use together. In these reducers, the cycle rate is obtained with different diameters (number of gears) between the drive gear and the output gear. The number of gears in contact decreases as the gear module grows and the number of gears decreases and decreases to one gear. For the reducer to transfer high torque, the gear module and the gearwheel width must be increased. Because the surface that transfers the load is very few. In order to achieve high cycle rates, the speed must be gradually reduced, which leads to an increase in both cost and weight. Dimensions of conventional gear reducers and large torque/weight ratio are low.

Planetary reducer mechanisms reduce the torque/weight disadvantage of conventional gear wheels. The aforementioned mechanisms are again installed with gear wheels, but since the mechanism consists mainly of three moving modules, it has two degrees of freedom. A single stage ten cycle rate can be achieved in a smaller volume.

For a non-gap reducer, it is necessary to produce gears with very high tolerances. Standard reducers usually have a gap of 12 arcmin and above. In the case of reducers without gap, 1-6

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) arcmin gap is foreseen. The torque transmission capacity of all geared reducers is limited by the gear strength in contact. In order to increase the number of contact gears, it is necessary to increase the number of planetary gears, enlarge the gear module or increase the gear width. This is also physically limited.

The amount of space in planer gear reducers is less. Although there is usually a gap between 3- 12 arcmin, 1 arcmin level is also applied. Very high quality and ground gear are required for low clearance. For this reason, the costs of these reducers are very high.

Similar to planter gears, cycloidal mechanism reducers are nowadays the most preferred reducers in low volume, weight, high torque and cycle rate required applications, for example in robots. However, the production of the cycloidal disc, which is the main element in cycloidal reducers, is very difficult. The disc form is obtained by grinding on a special grinding machine. All other elements must also be produced in a very low tolerance band. For this reason, cycloidal reducers are the most expensive reducers in terms of cost.

In order to obtain linear and circular motion by using a reducer in a machine, the most suitable method is selected from the reducers described above according to their prices and characteristics, and a method of connecting a flange, arm, apparatus, mechanism directly to the reducer output or transferring motion to another gear system by connecting a pinion gear. The methods of obtaining linear motion on the rack by connecting the pinion gear to the said reducer output and rotating a positioner by connecting the pinion gear to the reducer output are also known.

In the above-mentioned motion transfer methods, no matter how high the torque capacity of the reducer is, the load values in the pinion gear are decisive for the amount of torque that can be transmitted. Since the number of gears in contact is limited, it is imperative to use a thick and large module gear system, which increases both cost and total machine weight and volume. Likewise, no matter how rigid and gapless the reducer is, the gear play and/or gear precision between the pinion gear and the rack or main gear determines the total cavity/precision level of the machine. Tensioning is applied to prevent the backlash and the pinion gear is pushed towards the main gear. However, since there will be a deviation from the section circle diameter, this application causes a loss of sensitivity even if it provides a gapless movement. Another

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) method of preventing gaps is to use a double drive and create a phase difference between the two drive elements. However, this doubles the cost of the drive.

In all of the reducers used in the present art, there is a dimensionally precise limitation, that is, a precise measure of the distance between the drive assembly and the output, due to the necessity of seating with a complete section circle diameter of the straight gear, cycloidal or conical two gears. For this reason, in the known state of the art, there was a need for a sensitive and rigid reducer where motion transfer was provided with cylindrical and/or spherical elements.

In order to eliminate the problems experienced in the above-mentioned reducers, the reducer mentioned in the document numbered TR2017/05777, which was previously applied, was developed. The said reducer operates by means of a screw shaft ball and roller drive mechanism. However, the operating life of the reducer is low due to sudden speed changes in the screw shaft input to this reducer and the problem of ball/spindle friction. At the same time, there are sudden speed changes at the input of the screw shaft. Therefore, a new reducer was needed to eliminate these problems.

The foregoing problems and insufficient solutions thereof require to improve in the related technical field as a result.

The Object of the Invention

The present invention relates to a camshaft and roller bearing assembly driven reducer which eliminates the above-mentioned disadvantages and offers novel advantages to the related technical field.

The main object of the invention is to provide a reducer that eliminates the life problems experienced due to the sudden speed changes at the screw shaft entry and the friction between the ball and the shaft.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The object of the invention is to provide a reducer that eliminates the problems of rolling friction and friction by means of the roller bearing assembly used instead of the ball that is weak in terms of surface tension.

Another object of the invention is to produce a reducer that works structurally with a roller bearing assembly by removing the ball that is weak in terms of surface tension.

Another object of the invention is to provide a reducer that can simultaneously deliver both rotational motion and linear motion output.

The invention relates to the reducer used for the transfer of linear and circular motion in the machines in the industrial area in order to fulfill all the purposes that may arise from the above- mentioned and detailed description,

- a first body and a second body,

- the first camshaft and the second camshaft in a helical structure that is housed in the bearing housing of the first body and the second body and transmits the rotational motion from the motor,

- the first drive transmission gear located on the first camshaft and providing the rotational motion of the first camshaft,

- the second drive transmission gear located on the second camshaft in association with the first drive transmission gear and providing the rotational motion of the first drive transmission gear and the second camshaft,

- the first stage drive transmission gear associated with the second drive transmission gear and transferring the rotational motion from the motor to the second drive transmission gear to enable rotational motion of the first camshaft and the second camshaft,

- motor reducer connection interface that allows the motor and reducer to be fixed to each other,

- a stepped body cover connecting the motor reducer connection interface to the reducer by connecting to the first body and the second body,

- roller bearing assembly located in the housing in the guide housing of the first body and the second body and converting the rotational motion from the first camshaft and the second camshaft into linear motion,

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) - the main wheel passing through the roller bearing assembly by being supported by the main wheel shaft in the guide housing of the first body and the second body and allowing the reducer to simultaneously output both rotational and linear motion by converting the linear motion from the roller bearing assembly into the rotational motion.

The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention will be understood more clearly by reference to the following figures and the detailed explanation thereof. Therefore, the evaluation should be made by taking these figures and detailed explanations into consideration.

Figures for a Better Understanding of the Invention

Figure 1: The disassembled view of the reducer of the invention.

Figure 2: The view of the first body of the reducer of the invention mounted with the roller bearing assembly.

Figure 3: The view of the roller bearing assembly of the reducer of the invention in contact with the first camshaft.

Figure 4: The disassembled view of the roller bearing assembly of the reducer of the invention. Figure 5a: The view of the roller bearing assembly of the reducer of the invention in contact with the main wheel.

Figure 5b: The view of the roller bearing assembly of the reducer of the invention in contact with the special drive wheel.

Figure 6: The view of the reducer of the invention.

List of the Reference Numbers

10a. First body

10b. Second body

11. Bearing housing

12. Guide housing

13. Housing

20a. First camshaft

20b. Second camshaft

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) 30. Camshaft bearing

40a. First drive transmission gear

40b. Second drive transmission gear

50. Camshaft bearing cover

60. Tightening collar

70. First stage drive transmission gear

80. Motor reducer connection interface

90. Oil seal

100. Stepped body cover

110. Roller bearing assembly

111. Bearing

112. Bushing

113. Roller

120. Main wheel

121. Main wheel shaft

130. Main wheel bearing

140. Main wheel bearing compression cover

150. Special drive wheel

160. Special rack

Detailed Description of the Invention

In this detailed description, the preferred alternatives of the inventive reducer are merely explained for a better understanding of the subject, which is not intended to be limiting in any way.

The disassembled view of the reducer of the invention is given in Figure 1. Accordingly, in its most basic form, the reducer comprises a first body (10a) and a second body (10b) which are symmetrical with each other, the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) which are housed in the bearing housing (11) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and which transfer the rotational motion from the motor, the camshaft bearing (30) which enables the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) to be housed in the bearing housing (11) and rotated, the first drive transmission gear (40a) located on the first camshaft (20a) and enabling

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) the rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a), the second drive transmission gear (40b) located on the second camshaft (20b) in association with the first drive transmission gear (40a) and providing the rotational motion of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second camshaft (20b), the camshaft bearing cover (50) allowing the camshaft bearings (30) to be fixed to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b), the tapered tightening collar (60) allowing the adjustment to enable the position synchronization of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second drive transmission gear (40b), the first stage drive transmission gear (70) associated with the second drive transmission gear (40b) and transferring the rotational motion from the motor to the second drive transmission gear (40b) to enable the rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b), the motor reducer connection interface (80) allowing the motor and the reducer to be fixed to each other, the oil seal (90) preventing oil leakage from the first body (10a) and the second body (10b), the stepped body cover (100) allowing the motor reducer connection interface (80) to be connected to the reducer by connecting to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b), the roller bearing assembly (110) located in the housing (13) in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and converting the rotational motion from the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) to the circular linear and curved motion, the main wheel (120) passing through the roller bearing assembly (110) by being supported by the main wheel shaft (121) in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and allowing the reducer to output the circular motion by converting the motion from the roller bearing assembly (110) into the rotational motion and thus allowing to have a reducer feature converting the circular motion into the circular motion with a certain cycle rate as in the conventional reducers, a special drive wheel (150) passing through the roller bearing assembly (110) and enabling to convert the translation movement from the roller bearing assembly (110) into a rotational motion with the main wheel (120) and in an external system without the main wheel (121), which has the form of a gear through which the roller bearing assembly (110) will fit, a special rack (160) passing through the roller bearing assembly (110) and enabling to convert the translation movement from the roller bearing assembly (110) into a rotational motion with the main wheel (120) and in an external system without the main wheel (121), which has the form of a gear through which the roller bearing assembly (110) will fit, the main wheel bearing (130) housing the main wheel (121) in the guide housing (12), the main wheel bearing compression cap (140) connecting the main wheel bearing (130) to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b).

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) The first body (10a) and the second body (10b), which constitute the main structure of the reducer of the invention, are preferably symmetrical with each other and form the uniform outer structure of the reducer by connecting with each other. The first body (10a) and the second body (10b) may be asymmetrical or monolithic instead of two separate structures. This depends entirely on the preference regarding the design and manufacturing method.

The first body (10a) and the second body (10b) each have a bearing housing (11) and a guide housing (12) which is opened perpendicular to the bearing housings (11).

The bearing housings (11) in the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) are housed in the camshaft bearings (30) by means of the camshaft bearing cover (50). In this way, the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) also act as a bearing.

The first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) are housed in both bearing housings (11) in the first body (10a) and the second body (10b), which transfer the rotational motion from the motor to the roller bearing assemblies (110). The main wheel shaft (121), on which the main wheel (120) is located, is housed in the guide housing (12). Through these bearings, the main wheel (120) and the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) efficiently transmit motion without losing position.

The first body (10a) and the second body (10b) have a specially machined housing (13) in the guide housing (12) where the main wheel shaft (121) is housed. This housing (13), which enables the guide of the roller bearing assemblies (110), is formed as a result of the calculations and the data obtained from the dynamic analysis, and enables the roller bearing assemblies (110) to proceed in the most efficient way without any errors such as gap and jamming.

The first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b), which are housed in both bearing housings (11) in the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and transfer the rotational motion from the motor to the roller bearing assemblies (HO), enable the roller bearing assemblies (110) to move simultaneously in the desired direction through a special profiled helical structure designed in the light of the data obtained as a result of the dynamic analysis and calculations.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Thanks to the camshaft bearing (30), which allows the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) to seat and rotate into the bearing housing (11), it is ensured that the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) maintain the desired position within the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and easily transmit the drive received from the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second drive transmission gear (40b) to the roller bearing assemblies (110).

A first drive transmission gear (40a) is provided on the first camshaft (20a), which provides the rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a). A second drive transmission gear (40b) is located on the second camshaft (20b), which is associated with the first drive transmission gear (40a). The said second drive transmission gear (40b) provides the rotational motion of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second camshaft (20b) by the movement it receives from the first stage drive transmission gear (70). Different bond ratios can be obtained by changing the sizes of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second drive transmission gear (40b). In this structure, which constitutes the first stage of the reducer, the belt pulley can be used instead of the gearwheel. Torques are low in the first stage. The main high torque and forces are formed on the roller bearing assembly (110). Therefore, the use of gear or belt pulley in the first stage does not constitute a loss for the whole system.

Above the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) is a tapered-tightening collar (60) that allows adjustment that enables position synchronization of the first driving transmission gear (40a) and the second driving transmission gear (40b). The tightening collar (60) allows precise position adjustment. The tightening collar may be replaced by a wedge, taper insert, shape-linked or coupled joint.

The first stage drive transmission gear (70) associated with the second drive transmission gear (40b) transfers rotational motion from the motor to the second drive transmission gear (40b) to enable rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b).

The connection of the reducer of the invention with the motor is provided by means of the motor reducer connection interface (80). The said motor reducer connection interface (80) is located on the stepped body cover (100) connected on the first body (10a) and the second body (10b). The stepped body cover (100) also prevents the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) second drive transmission gear (40b) and the first stage drive transmission gear (70) from being affected by the ambient conditions.

At least one oil seal (90) is placed in the stepped body cover (100) to prevent oil leakage from the first body (10a) and the second body (10b).

The roller bearing assembly (110), which is located in the housing (13) in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and turns the rotational motion from the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) into linear motion, basically has bearings (111) that are in contact with the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) on both sides. The bearings (111) are passed over the rollers (113) and fixed on the rollers (113) by means of bushings (112) connected to both ends of the rollers (113). The bushings (112) also prevent the bearings (111) from protruding from the rollers (113) and compressing one another. The bushings (112) are preferably connected to the rollers (113) by means of bolts.

Thanks to the fact that the roller bearing assembly (110) is in contact with the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) and the bearings (111) on both sides and is driven from two different places, the degree of freedom of the roller bearing assembly (110) has been increased at the desired level and the errors in the motion transmission have been eliminated.

The main wheel (120), which passes through the roller bearing assembly (110) by being placed in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) with the main wheel shaft (121), turns the linear motion from the roller bearing assembly (110) to the rotational motion, allowing the reducer to simultaneously output both rotational and linear motion. The said main wheel shaft (121) is housed in the guide housing (12) by means of the main wheel bearing (130). The main wheel bearing (130) is also connected to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) via the main wheel bearing compression cap (140).

The working principle of the reducer of the invention is as follows;

The first stage drive transmission gear (70), which is driven from the motor to which the reducer is connected, transfers the rotational motion it receives from the said motor to the second drive transmission gear (40b). The second drive transmission gear (40b) provides the rotational

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) motion of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second camshaft (20b) by the movement it receives from the first stage drive transmission gear (70). The first drive transmission gear (40a) also allows the first camshaft (20a) to rotate. Meanwhile, the roller bearing assembly (110) with bearings (111) that are in contact with the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) on both sides, turns the rotational motion from the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) into a linear and curvilinear motion along the form of the housing (13), following the form of the housing (13). The main wheel (120) passing through the roller bearing assembly (110) rotates the movement from the roller bearing assembly (110) to the rotational motion, allowing the reducer to output the rotational motion. If the main wheel (120), the main wheel shaft (121), the main wheel bearing (130), and the main wheel bearing compression cover (140) are removed from the system, the mechanism becomes such that the roller bearing assembly (110) operates with continuous circulation along the path (13) but does not output movement through a shaft (121). In this case, when the roller bearing assembly (110) is placed on a special main wheel (150) or a special rack (160), it rotates the special main wheel (150) or moves on the special rack (160) thanks to the traction in itself.

In this way, it is possible to use three different types of a single system of the invention. These three different drive types are conventional reducer-like drive with main wheel (120) and main wheel shaft (121) rotation, a circular motion drive by canceling the main wheel (120) and main wheel shaft (121) and placing a special drive wheel (150) outside the reducer, a linear motion drive by canceling the main wheel (120) and main wheel shaft (121) and placing a special rack (160) outside the reducer.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

CLAIMS A reducer used for linear and circular motion transfer in the machines in the industrial area, characterized in that it comprises; a first body (10a) and a second body (10b), the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) in a helical structure that is housed in the bearing housing (11) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and transfers the rotational motion from the motor, the first drive transmission gear (40a) located on the first camshaft (20a) and providing the rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a), the second drive transmission gear (40b) located on the second camshaft (20b) in association with the first drive transmission gear (40a) and providing the rotational motion of the first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second camshaft (20b), the first stage drive transmission gear (70) associated with the second drive transmission gear (40b) and transferring the rotational motion from the motor to the second drive transmission gear (40b) to enable rotational motion of the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b), motor reducer connection interface (80) that allows the motor and reducer to be fixed to each other, a stepped body cover (100) connecting the motor reducer connection interface (80) to the reducer by connecting to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b), roller bearing assembly (110) located in the housing (13) in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and converting the rotational motion from the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) into linear motion, the main wheel (120) passing through the roller bearing assembly (110) by being supported by the main wheel shaft (121) in the guide housing (12) of the first body (10a) and the second body (10b) and allowing the reducer to simultaneously output both rotational and linear motion by converting the linear motion from the roller bearing assembly (110) into the rotational motion.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

2. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a camshaft bearing (30) that enables the said first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) to be housed in the bearing housing (11) and rotated.

3. A reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that it comprises a camshaft bearing cover (50) which enables the said camshaft bearing (30) to be fixed to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b).

4. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a conical tightening collar (60) that allows the adjustment to enable the position synchronization of the said first drive transmission gear (40a) and the second drive transmission gear (40b).

5. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an oil seal (90) located in the said stepped body cover (100) and preventing oil leakage from the first body (10a) and the second body (10b).

6. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the main wheel bearing (130) housing the said main wheel shaft (121) in the guide housing (12).

7. A reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a main wheel bearing compression cover (140) connecting the said main wheel bearing (130) to the first body (10a) and the second body (10b).

8. A reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the said roller bearing assembly (110) comprises a bearing (111) located on the rollers (113) and being in contact with the first camshaft (20a) and the second camshaft (20b) on both sides.

9. A reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises a bushing (112) which enables the said bearings (111) to be fixed on the rollers (113) and also prevents the bearings (111) from coming out of the rollers (113).

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)