WO2024060729A1 - 一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法 - Google Patents

一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024060729A1
WO2024060729A1 PCT/CN2023/101273 CN2023101273W WO2024060729A1 WO 2024060729 A1 WO2024060729 A1 WO 2024060729A1 CN 2023101273 W CN2023101273 W CN 2023101273W WO 2024060729 A1 WO2024060729 A1 WO 2024060729A1
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Prior art keywords
spiral
self
unit
spiral cone
cone
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PCT/CN2023/101273
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江帆
马金磊
孙文杰
张文海
刘安林
郑朋
张影
梁德丰
解瑞林
詹小青
孟娜娜
陈涛
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江苏百灵衡器制造有限公司
中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2024060729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024060729A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
    • H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/32—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover rotating at constant speed
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cone decompression, and in particular to a spiral cone self-diagnostic decompression system for loss-in-weight weighing and a self-diagnosis method thereof.
  • the material is generally decompressed by installing a decompression cone, so that the speed of the high-speed material is reduced after passing through the decompression cone.
  • the invention patent with announcement number CN202089371 discloses a decompression device for a metering bin
  • the invention patent with announcement number CN204399826 discloses a decompression cone bucket device for a metering bin.
  • the disadvantages are: first, the installation of the decompression cone is fixed, which will cause the contact position of the decompression material with the metering bin to be fixed after the decompression falls, and fatigue wear will occur after long-term work; second, the high-speed material acts on the fixed decompression cone, which only transfers the wear of the material on the metering bin to the wear of the decompression cone. Therefore, the decompression cone needs to be replaced frequently to ensure the decompression effect of the decompression cone; third, the side of the decompression cone is a smooth straight surface, the contact time between the material and the decompression cone is short, the decompression cone has a weak effect on reducing the speed of the material, and the decompression effect is poor.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spiral cone self-diagnostic decompression system for loss-in-weight weighing and its self-diagnosis method, which can effectively decompress high-speed materials and reduce the wear of the decompression cone. It can also monitor the wear of the spiral cone in real time.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a spiral cone self-diagnosis and pressure reduction system for weightless weighing, which includes a pressure reduction power generation device, a self-diagnosis system and a power storage monitoring system;
  • the decompression power generation device includes:
  • suspension rack the suspension rack is fixed in the metering bin
  • the base is fixed to the lower end of the suspension frame through a support platform:
  • the spiral cone is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base and its base body is in the shape of a hat.
  • the upper end of the spiral cone corresponds to the feed inlet of the metering bin and its outer surface is provided with spiral blades;
  • a number of coils are arranged on the periphery of the base and evenly distributed on the surface of the support table in an annular array;
  • a number of permanent magnets are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the spiral cone in an annular array, and the permanent magnets and the coils are adapted to each other;
  • the self-diagnosis system includes:
  • monitoring and processing system is connected to the decompression power generation device and converts the current signal from the coil into a voltage signal;
  • a monitoring service system which is used to receive and display current data information from the monitoring and processing system, and compare the received current data with a preset current threshold range;
  • the power storage monitoring system includes:
  • the current generated by the pressure reduction power generation device is transmitted to the AC/DC rectifier and the power storage unit through the unidirectional diode;
  • the power monitoring unit monitors the saturation degree of the stored power in the main power storage unit and the backup power storage unit in real time, and determines the selection of the power storage path based on the monitoring results.
  • a dust cover which is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid, with its small end fixed on the support platform, and its large end face leaving a preset space from the lower end face of the base of the spiral cone.
  • the acute angle between the dust cover slope and the horizontal is 75°.
  • the monitoring and processing system includes a DC sensor unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit.
  • the DC sensor unit transmits the current signal from the coil to the analog-to-digital conversion unit.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit converts the current signal into a voltage signal. and then transmitted to the monitoring service system;
  • the monitoring service system includes a display control unit and a voice sound and light alarm unit.
  • the display control unit is used to receive and display current data information.
  • the voice sound and light alarm unit is used to compare the received current data with the preset current. compared to the threshold range.
  • a spiral shaft is provided at the bottom of the spiral cone, and the spiral shaft is embedded in a cylindrical hole opened in the base and is rotationally connected with it.
  • the upper end surface of the base is provided with a sealing cover capable of covering the cylindrical hole, and the sealing cover is provided with a through hole for the screw shaft to pass through and adapt to it.
  • the suspension frame includes a bottom plate, a number of evenly distributed vertical rods are connected to the circumferential edge of the bottom plate, and the upper ends of the vertical rods are fixed on the metering bin.
  • the permanent magnets are provided with two layers: an outer layer and an inner layer.
  • the outer layer of permanent magnets forms an annular array arranged on the periphery of the coil
  • the inner layer of permanent magnets forms an annular array arranged on the inner periphery of the coil.
  • the two layers of permanent magnets The spacing between them is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the coil to ensure that there is no interference between the inner and outer permanent magnets at the bottom of the spiral cone and the coil when it rotates.
  • the outer diameter of the spiral blade decreases from bottom to top.
  • the N poles of the two layers of permanent magnets face the peripheral direction of the support platform.
  • the invention also provides a self-diagnosis method for a spiral cone self-diagnosis and pressure reduction system for weight loss weighing, which includes the following steps;
  • Step S1 Set the current threshold range in the self-diagnosis system, specifically:
  • I is the current generated by the power generation device in real time
  • V is the falling speed of the material at the feed port of the metering bin when the device is working normally
  • W is the wear coefficient of the spiral cone, 0 ⁇ W ⁇ 1;
  • Step S11 When the spiral cone has no wear, that is, when its wear coefficient W is 1, the current generated by the system operation is I 1 ;
  • Step S22 When the wear coefficient W of the spiral cone is 0.9, the current generated by the system operation is I 2 ;
  • Step S23 When the wear coefficient W of the spiral cone is 0.7, the current generated by the system operation is I 3 ;
  • the real-time current I monitored when the system is working is specified:
  • Step 2 Start the pressure reducing power generation device and add materials, turn on the power storage monitoring system in real time and store the power in real time, and delay 5-10 seconds to turn on the self-diagnosis system;
  • Step 3 Based on the real-time current I monitored by the self-diagnosis system, make the following judgment:
  • the self-diagnosis system when the decompression power generation device stops working, the self-diagnosis system also stops working, and when the decompression power generation device starts working, the self-diagnosis system is automatically updated.
  • the method of the power storage monitoring system working is as follows:
  • Step 1 Start the decompression power generation device and update the power monitoring unit
  • Step 2 The power monitoring unit monitors the current stored power of the main power storage unit and the backup power storage unit in real time as Q 1 and Q 2 ; the full power storage of the main power storage unit and the backup power storage unit is Q m and Q n .
  • the power monitoring unit The unit makes the following judgments:
  • the present invention uses a rotatable spiral cone to decompress high-speed materials.
  • the contact position between the material and the spiral blade changes at all times, so that the wear of the material on the spiral cone is evenly distributed and the service life of the spiral cone is improved. Low maintenance costs.
  • the present invention uses a spiral cone to decompress the material.
  • the material acts on the curved surface of the spiral blade, which has a better decompression effect on high-speed materials.
  • the present invention utilizes the self-generated energy of the device without consuming other external electrical energy.
  • the invention indirectly monitors the wear of the spiral cone through the self-diagnosis system to determine whether the spiral cone needs to be replaced, thereby ensuring the safety of the decompression device. Safe and normal operation.
  • the present invention avoids damage to the power storage unit caused by excessive power generation and ensures the safety of the power storage process by designing a backup power storage unit and monitoring the power of the power storage unit.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spiral cone self-diagnostic pressure reduction system for weightless weighing and its self-diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the structural schematic diagram of a spiral cone self-diagnostic pressure reduction system for weightless weighing and its self-diagnosis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the bottom of a spiral cone provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the top of the suspension frame provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic end view of the relative positions of the coil and the permanent magnet provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the dust cover and the base provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart of a self-diagnosis system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a two-dimensional diagram of current monitoring and judgment of the self-diagnosis system provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a flow chart of electricity storage and electricity storage monitoring provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a spiral cone self-diagnosis and pressure reduction system for weightless weighing, including a pressure reduction power generation device, a self-diagnosis system and a power storage monitoring system;
  • the decompression power generation device includes:
  • Suspension rack 15, the suspension rack 15 is fixed in the metering bin 16;
  • the base 12 is fixed on the lower end of the suspension frame 15 through the support platform 121:
  • the spiral cone 1 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the base 12 and its base is in the shape of a bucket.
  • the upper end of the spiral cone 1 corresponds to the feed port of the metering bin 16 and its outer surface is provided with spiral blades;
  • a plurality of coils 2, the coils 2 are arranged on the periphery of the base 12 and evenly distributed in an annular array on the upper surface of the support platform 121;
  • a plurality of permanent magnets 13, the permanent magnets 13 are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the spiral cone 1 in an annular array, and the permanent magnets 13 and the coil 2 are adapted to each other;
  • the dust cover 18 is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid. Its small end is fixed on the support platform 121, and its large end face leaves a preset space from the lower end face of the base of the spiral cone 1.
  • the dust cover 18 is in the shape of an inverted trapezoid.
  • the acute angle formed by the dust cover slope 181 of the dust cover 18 and the horizontal is 75°.
  • the bottom of the spiral cone 1 is provided with a spiral shaft 4.
  • the spiral shaft 4 is embedded in the cylindrical hole opened in the base 12 and is rotationally connected with it.
  • the upper end surface of the base 12 is provided with a sealing cover 5 that can cover the cylindrical hole.
  • the sealing cover 5 is provided with a through hole for the screw shaft 4 to pass through and to fit with it.
  • the suspension frame 15 includes a bottom plate 151.
  • a number of evenly distributed vertical rods 152 are connected to the circumferential edge of the bottom plate 151.
  • the upper ends of the vertical rods 152 are fixed on the metering bin 16.
  • the vertical rod 152 is provided with a long slotted hole, which can reduce the weight of the entire device and does not block the decelerated mineral powder of the spiral cone 1 .
  • the permanent magnets 13 are provided with two layers, an inner and an outer layer.
  • the annular array formed by the outer permanent magnets 13 is arranged on the periphery of the coil 2, and the annular array formed by the inner permanent magnets 13 is arranged on the inner periphery of the coil 2.
  • the two layers The distance between the permanent magnets 13 is 1.5-2 times the diameter of the coil 2 to ensure that there is no interference between the inner and outer layers of permanent magnets 13 at the bottom of the spiral cone 1 and the coil 2 when the spiral cone 1 rotates.
  • the outer diameter of the spiral blade decreases from bottom to top.
  • the N poles of the two layers of permanent magnets 13 are all facing the peripheral direction of the supporting platform 121 .
  • the self-diagnosis system includes:
  • the monitoring and processing system 71 includes a DC sensor unit 711 and an analog-to-digital conversion unit 712.
  • the DC sensor unit 711 transmits the current signal from the coil 2 to the analog-to-digital conversion unit 712.
  • Unit 712 converts the current signal into a voltage signal and transmits it to the monitoring service system 72;
  • the monitoring service system 72 includes a display control unit 721 and a voice, sound and light alarm unit 722.
  • the display control unit 721 is used to receive and display current data information
  • the voice sound and light alarm unit 722 is used to compare the received current data with compared to a preset current threshold range.
  • the power storage monitoring system includes:
  • the current generated by the pressure reduction power generation device is transmitted to the AC/DC rectifier 92 and the power storage unit 93 through the one-way diode 91;
  • the power monitoring unit 94 monitors the saturation degree of the power stored in the main power storage unit 931 and the backup power storage unit 932 in the power storage unit 93 in real time, and determines the selection of the power storage path based on the monitoring results.
  • the ore powder sprayed at high speed from the feed port acts on the spiral blades. Due to the principle of kinetic energy and momentum, the spiral cone 1 is driven to rotate, and then the two layers of permanent magnets 13 are driven to rotate synchronously and cut the magnetic lines to generate electricity.
  • the coil 2 is located between the double-layer permanent magnets 13. Driven by the spiral cone 1, the coil 2 rotates around the central axis relative to the double-layer permanent magnets 13 without interference, and cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate electricity.
  • the reason for using the double-layer permanent magnet 13 is that the magnetic flux lines from the N pole to the S pole can be directly generated. At this time, the intensity of the magnetic flux lines is greater, so more electricity is generated.
  • the number of models of the permanent magnets 13 and the number of coils are set according to specific working conditions.
  • the present invention also provides a self-diagnosis method for the spiral cone self-diagnosis and decompression system for weight loss weighing as claimed in claim 1, which includes the following steps;
  • Step S1 Set the current threshold range in the self-diagnosis system, specifically:
  • I is the current generated by the power generation device in real time
  • V is the falling speed of the material at the feed port of the metering bin when the device is working normally
  • W is the wear coefficient of the spiral cone, 0 ⁇ W ⁇ 1;
  • Step S11 When the spiral cone has no wear, that is, when its wear coefficient W is 1, the current generated by the system operation is I 1 ;
  • Step S22 When the wear coefficient W of the spiral cone is 0.9, the current generated by the system operation is I 2 ;
  • Step S23 When the wear coefficient W of the spiral cone is 0.7, the current generated by the system operation is I 3 ;
  • the real-time current I monitored when the system is working is specified:
  • Step 2 Start the decompression power generation device and add materials, turn on the power storage monitoring system in real time and store electricity in real time, delay 5-10 seconds to turn on the self-diagnosis system;
  • Step 3 Based on the real-time current I monitored by the self-diagnosis system, make the following judgment:
  • the self-diagnosis system When the decompression power generation device stops working, the self-diagnosis system also stops working. When the decompression power generation device starts working, the self-diagnosis system automatically updates.
  • the working method of the power storage monitoring system is as follows:
  • Step 1 Start the decompression power generation device and update the power monitoring unit 94;
  • Step 2 The power monitoring unit 94 monitors the current stored power of the main power storage unit 931 and the backup power storage unit 932 in real time as Q 1 , Q 2 ; the full power storage of the main power storage unit 931 and the backup power storage unit 932 is Q m , Q n , the power monitoring unit 94 makes the following judgment:

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法，包括固定在计量仓内的悬挂架，悬挂架的底板上固定支撑台，支撑台上设有若干线圈并固定于底座，底座上转动连接螺旋锥体，螺旋锥体转动连接在底座上端并且其基体为斗笠形，螺旋锥体的上端与计量仓进料口对应并且其外表面设有螺旋叶片；本发明利用可旋转的螺旋锥体对高速物料进行减压，物料与螺旋叶片接触的位置时刻发生变化，使得物料对螺旋锥体的磨损均匀分布，物料由于受到螺旋叶片的旋转运动，在计量仓内分散的更均匀，避免了对计量仓固定区域的接触磨损，通过显示控制单元与报警单元的反馈信息，提醒工作人员及时更换螺旋锥体。

Description

一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法 技术领域
本发明涉及锥体减压领域，具体涉及一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法。
背景技术
在失重称量系统中，在对计量仓进行加料的时候，多为块状或者颗粒状，而且加料还有加料量大、速度快等特点，同时由于一般情况下，计量仓的容积比较大，计量仓的加料口的高度较高，所以也会增加物料下落的重力势能，因此物料的下落避免不了对计量仓的侧壁和底部造成严重的磨损。
另，如果直接对计量仓加料，大量物料会在计量的底部聚集，很容易在计量仓底部形成物料粘结成块的现象，导致不能均匀给料。
目前，一般是通过安装减压锥的方法来对物料进行减压，使高速物料通过减压锥后降低物料的速度，例如：公告号为CN202089371的发明专利公开的《用于计量仓的减压装置》，以及公告号为CN204399826的发明专利公开的《一种计量仓减压锥斗装置》，其存在的不足是：第一，减压锥的安装是固定的，会导致减压后的物料下落后与计量仓的接触位置也是固定的，经过长时间工作也会产生疲劳磨损；第二，高速物料作用在固定的减压锥上，不过是将物料对计量仓的磨损转移到对减压锥的磨损上，因此需要频繁更换减压锥，以保证减压锥的减压效果；第三，减压锥的侧面为光滑的直面，物料与减压锥的接触时间短，减压锥对物料的速度降低作用较弱，减压效果较差。
发明内容
针对上述存在的技术不足，本发明的目的是提供一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法，其可以有效对高速物料减压，减小减压锥磨损的装置，又可以实时监测螺旋锥体的磨损情况。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明提供一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，包括减压发电装置、自诊断系统以及储电监测系统；
所述减压发电装置包括：
悬挂架，所述悬挂架固定在计量仓内；
底座，所述底座通过支撑台固定在悬挂架下端：
螺旋锥体，所述螺旋锥体转动连接在底座上端并且其基体为斗笠形，所述螺旋锥体的上端与计量仓进料口对应并且其外表面设有螺旋叶片；
若干线圈，所述线圈设在底座外围并且呈环形阵列均布在支撑台上表面；
若干永磁铁，所述永磁铁呈环形阵列均布在螺旋锥体底面，所述永磁铁与线圈相互适配；
所述自诊断系统包括：
监测处理系统；所述监测处理系统连接减压发电装置并将线圈传来的电流信号转换为电压信号；
监测服务系统，所述监测服务系统用来接受、显示监测处理系统传来电流数据信息，并将接收的电流数据与预先设定的电流阈值范围相比；
所述储电监测系统包括：
AC/DC整流器，所述减压发电装置产生的电流经过单向二极管传输到AC/DC整流器以及储电单元；
电量监测单元，所述电量监测单元对储电单元内主储电单元和备用储电单元储存电量的饱和程度进行实时监测，并根据监测结果确定储电路径的选择。
优选地，还包括防尘罩，所述防尘罩呈倒梯台形，其小端固定在支撑台上，其大端端面距螺旋锥体的基体下端面留有预设空间，所述防尘罩的防尘罩斜面与水平形成夹角的锐角为75°。
优选地，所述监测处理系统包括直流传感器单元和模数变换单元，所述直流传感器单元将线圈传来的电流信号传输到模数变换单元，所述模数变换单元将电流信号转换为电压信号后传输到监测服务系统；
所述监测服务系统包括显示控制单元和语音声光报警单元，所述显示控制单元用于接受和显示电流数据信息，所述语音声光报警单元用于将接受的电流数据与预先设定的电流阈值范围相比。
优选地，所述螺旋锥体的底部设有螺旋轴，所述螺旋轴嵌入底座开设的圆柱孔内并与其转动连接。
优选地，所述底座的上端面设有能够盖合圆柱孔的密封盖，所述密封盖上开有供螺旋轴穿过且与其适配的通孔。
优选地，所述悬挂架包括底板，所述底板的周向边缘上连接有若干均布的竖直杆，所述竖直杆上端固定在计量仓上。
优选地，所述永磁铁设有内外两层，外层的永磁铁形成的环向阵列布置在线圈的外围，内层的永磁铁形成的环向阵列布置在线圈的内围，两层永磁铁之间的间距为1.5-2倍线圈直径，保证所述螺旋锥体转动时其底部的内外两层永磁铁与线圈之间不发生干涉。
优选地，所述螺旋叶片的外径从下到上递减。
优选地，两层所述永磁铁的N极均朝向支撑台外围方向。
本发明还提供一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统的自诊断方法，包括如下步骤；
步骤S1、在自诊断系统中设定电流阈值范围，具体为：
基于本系统的结构特征，建立发电关系式：
I＝f[V,W]；
其中，I为发电装置实时产生的电流，V为装置正常工作时物料在计量仓进料口的下落速度，W为螺旋锥体的磨损系数，0≤W≤1；
步骤S11、当螺旋锥体无磨损，即其磨损系数W为1时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I1；
步骤S22、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.9时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I2；
步骤S23、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.7时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I3；
根据电流阈值范围，规定系统工作时所监测的实时电流I：
I1＜I，则物料下落过快；
I1≤I≤I2，螺旋磨损在10％以内，则螺旋轴锥体正常；
I2＜I≤I3,螺旋磨损在10％到30％以内，则螺旋轴锥体出现轻度磨损；
I3＜I，螺旋磨损已超过30％，则螺旋轴锥体出现严重磨损；
步骤二、启动减压发电装置并加料工作，实时开启储电监测系统并实时储存电量，延迟5-10秒开启自诊断系统；
步骤三、根据自诊断系统所监测的实时电流I，给定如下判断：
(1)若I1＜I，则:显示控制单元显示“超速”，语音声光报警单元(722)报警；
(2)若I1≤I≤I2，则显示控制单元显示“正常”，语音声光报警单元(722)不报警；
(3)若I2＜I≤I3,则显示控制单元显示“预警”，语音声光报警单元(722)不报警；
(4)若I3＜I，则显示控制单元显示“警告”，语音声光报警单元(722)报警。
优选地，减压发电装置停止工作则自诊断系统也停止工作，减压发电装置开启工作则自诊断系统自动更新。
优选地，储电监测系统工作的方法如下：
步骤一、启动减压发电装置工作，电量监测单元更新；
步骤二、电量监测单元实时监测主储电单元和备用储电单元当前的储存电量为Q1、Q2；主储电单元和备用储电单元的满储电量为Qm、Qn，电量监测单元做出如下判断:
(1)若Q1＜94％×Qm，则电流仅储存至主储电单元，电量监测单元显示“储电正常”，继续重复步骤二；
(2)若Q1≥94％×Qm，则电流储存至备用储电单元，电量监测单元显示“主储电已满”；待更换主储电单元后，电量监测单元自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元更新，重复步骤二；
(3)若Q2≥94％×Qn，电量监测单元显示“备用储电已满”；待更换备用储电单元后，电量监测单元自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元更新，重复步骤二。
本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明利用可旋转的螺旋锥体对高速物料进行减压，物料与螺旋叶片接触的位置时刻发生变化，使得物料对螺旋锥体的磨损均匀分布，提高了螺旋锥体的使用寿命，维护成本低。
(2)经螺旋锥体减压后的物料，由于受到螺旋叶片的旋转运动，将会在计量仓内分散的更均匀，避免了对计量仓固定区域的接触磨损。
(3)本发明采用螺旋锥体对物料减压，物料作用在螺旋叶片的曲面上，对高速物料的减压效果更好。
(4)本发明一方面利用本装置自发电能，不耗费其它外部电能，另一方面通过自诊断系统间接监测螺旋锥体的磨损情况，从而判断是否需要更换螺旋锥体，可以保证减压装置的安全正常运行。
(5)本发明通过设计备用储电单元和对储电单元进行电量监测，避免了因发电过多而导致的储电单元损坏，保证了储电过程的安全。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法的结构示意图的爆炸图。
图3是本发明实施例提供的螺旋锥体底部示意图。
图4是本发明实施例提供的悬挂架顶部示意图。
图5是本发明实施例提供的线圈和永磁铁的相对位置端面示意图。
图6是本发明实施例提供的防尘罩与底座配合示意图；
图7是本发明实施例提供的自诊断系统流程框图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的自诊断系统电流监测判断二维图；
图9是本发明实施例提供的储电以及储电监测流程框图。
附图标记说明：
1-螺旋锥体，2-线圈，3-密封螺栓，4-螺旋轴，5-密封盖，6-密封圈，7-轴承套，8-上
轴承，9-套筒，10-下轴承，11-定位环，12-底座，121-支撑台，13-永磁铁，14-底座螺栓，15-悬挂架，151-底板，152-竖直杆，16-计量仓，17-悬挂螺栓，18-防尘罩，71-监测处理系统，711-直流传感器单元，712模数变换单元，72-监测服务系统，721-显示控制单元，722-报警单元，91-单向二极管，92-AC/DC整流器，93-储电单元，931-主储电单元，932-备用储电单元，94-电量监测单元。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图6所示，本发明提供一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，包括减压发电装置、自诊断系统以及储电监测系统；
所述减压发电装置包括：
悬挂架15，所述悬挂架15固定在计量仓16内；
底座12，所述底座12通过支撑台121固定在悬挂架15下端：
螺旋锥体1，所述螺旋锥体1转动连接在底座12上端并且其基体为斗笠形，所述螺旋锥体1的上端与计量仓16进料口对应并且其外表面设有螺旋叶片；
若干线圈2，所述线圈2设在底座12外围并且呈环形阵列均布在支撑台121上表面；
若干永磁铁13，所述永磁铁13呈环形阵列均布在螺旋锥体1底面，所述永磁铁13与线圈2相互适配；
还包括防尘罩18，所述防尘罩18呈倒梯台形，其小端固定在支撑台121上，其大端端面距螺旋锥体1的基体下端面留有预设空间，所述防尘罩18的防尘罩斜面181与水平形成夹角的锐角为75°。
所述螺旋锥体1的底部设有螺旋轴4，所述螺旋轴4嵌入底座12开设的圆柱孔内并与其转动连接。
所述底座12的上端面设有能够盖合圆柱孔的密封盖5，所述密封盖5上开有供螺旋轴4穿过且与其适配的通孔。
所述悬挂架15包括底板151，所述底板151的周向边缘上连接有若干均布的竖直杆152，所述竖直杆152上端固定在计量仓16上。
竖直杆152设有长槽孔，可以减小整个装置的重量，还有不对螺旋锥体1减速后的矿粉产生阻挡的作用。
所述永磁铁13设有内外两层，外层的永磁铁13形成的环向阵列布置在线圈2的外围，内层的永磁铁13形成的环向阵列布置在线圈2的内围，两层永磁铁13之间的间距为1.5-2倍线圈2直径，保证所述螺旋锥体1转动时其底部的内外两层永磁铁13与线圈2之间不发生干涉。
所述螺旋叶片的外径从下到上依次递减。
两层所述永磁铁13的N极均朝向支撑台121外围方向。
所述自诊断系统包括：
监测处理系统71，所述监测处理系统71包括直流传感器单元711和模数变换单元712，所述直流传感器单元711将线圈2传来的电流信号传输到模数变换单元712，所述模数变换单元712将电流信号转换为电压信号后传输到监测服务系统72；
所述监测服务系统72包括显示控制单元721和语音声光报警单元722，所述显示控制单元721用于接受和显示电流数据信息，所述语音声光报警单元722用于将接受的电流数据与预先设定的电流阈值范围相比。
所述储电监测系统包括：
AC/DC整流器92，所述减压发电装置产生的电流经过单向二极管91传输到AC/DC整流器92以及储电单元93；
电量监测单元94，所述电量监测单元94对储电单元93内主储电单元931和备用储电单元932储存电量的饱和程度进行实时监测，并根据监测结果确定储电路径的选择。
工作时，从进料口高速喷下的矿粉作用在螺旋叶片上，由于动能动量原理，带动螺旋锥体1转动，进而带动两层永磁铁13同步转动切割磁感线产生电量。
如图5所示，线圈2位于双层永磁铁13之间，在螺旋锥体1的带动下，线圈2相对于双层永磁铁13绕中轴无干涉转动，并切割磁感线产生电量。使用双层永磁铁13的原因是，可以直接产生从N极到S极的磁感线，此时磁感线强度更大，于是产生的电量更多。其中，永磁铁13的型号数量以及线圈的型号数量根据具体工作工况而设定。
如图7至图9所示，本发明还提供一种如权利要求1所述的失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统的自诊断方法，包括如下步骤；
步骤S1、在自诊断系统中设定电流阈值范围，具体为：
基于本系统的结构特征，建立发电关系式：
I＝f[V,W]；
其中，I为发电装置实时产生的电流，V为装置正常工作时物料在计量仓进料口的下落速度，W为螺旋锥体的磨损系数，0≤W≤1；
步骤S11、当螺旋锥体无磨损，即其磨损系数W为1时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I1；
步骤S22、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.9时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I2；
步骤S23、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.7时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I3；
根据电流阈值范围，规定系统工作时所监测的实时电流I：
I1＜I，则物料下落过快；
I1≤I≤I2，螺旋磨损在10％以内，则螺旋轴锥体正常；
I2＜I≤I3,螺旋磨损在10％到30％以内，则螺旋轴锥体出现轻度磨损；
I3＜I，螺旋磨损已超过30％，则螺旋轴锥体出现严重磨损；
步骤二、启动减压发电装置并加料工作，实时开启储电监测系统并实时储存电量，延迟5-10秒开启自诊断系统；
步骤三、根据自诊断系统所监测的实时电流I，给定如下判断：
(1)若I1＜I，则:显示控制单元721显示“超速”，语音声光报警单元722报警；
(2)若I1≤I≤I2，则显示控制单元721显示“正常”，语音声光报警单元722不报警；
(3)若I2＜I≤I3,则显示控制单元721显示“预警”，语音声光报警单元722不报警；
(4)若I3＜I，则显示控制单元721显示“警告”，语音声光报警单元722报警。
减压发电装置停止工作则自诊断系统也停止工作，减压发电装置开启工作则自诊断系统自动更新。
储电监测系统工作的方法如下：
步骤一、启动减压发电装置工作，电量监测单元94更新；
步骤二、电量监测单元94实时监测主储电单元931和备用储电单元932当前的储存电量为Q1、Q2；主储电单元931和备用储电单元932的满储电量为Qm、Qn，电量监测单元94做出如下判断:
(1)若Q1＜94％×Qm，则电流仅储存至主储电单元931，电量监测单元94显示“储电正常”，继续重复步骤二；
(2)若Q1≥94％×Qm，则电流储存至备用储电单元932，电量监测单元94显示“主储电已满”；待更换主储电单元后，电量监测单元94自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元94更新，重复步骤二；
(3)若Q2≥94％×Qn，电量监测单元94显示“备用储电已满”；待更换备用储电单元后，电量监测单元94自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元94更新，重复步骤二。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：包括减压发电装置、自诊断系统以及储电监测系统；
    所述减压发电装置包括：
    悬挂架(15)，所述悬挂架(15)固定在计量仓(16)内；
    底座(12)，所述底座(12)通过支撑台(121)固定在悬挂架(15)下端：
    螺旋锥体(1)，所述螺旋锥体(1)转动连接在底座(12)上端并且其基体为斗笠形，所述螺旋锥体(1)的上端与计量仓(16)进料口对应并且其外表面设有螺旋叶片；
    若干线圈(2)，所述线圈(2)设在底座(12)外围并且呈环形阵列均布在支撑台(121)上表面；
    若干永磁铁(13)，所述永磁铁(13)呈环形阵列均布在螺旋锥体(1)底面，所述永磁铁(13)与线圈(2)相互适配；
    所述自诊断系统包括：
    监测处理系统(71)；所述监测处理系统(71)连接减压发电装置并将线圈(2)传来的电流信号转换为电压信号；
    监测服务系统(72)，所述监测服务系统(72)用来接受、显示监测处理系统(71)传来电流数据信息；
    所述储电监测系统包括：
    AC/DC整流器(92)，所述减压发电装置产生的电流经过单向二极管(91)传输到AC/DC整流器(92)以及储电单元(93)；
    电量监测单元(94)，所述电量监测单元(94)对储电单元(93)内主储电单元(931)和备用储电单元(932)储存电量的饱和程度进行实时监测。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：还包括防尘罩(18)，所述防尘罩(18)呈倒梯台形，其小端固定在支撑台(121)上，其大端端面距螺旋锥体(1)的基体下端面留有预设空间，所述防尘罩(18)的防尘罩斜面(181)与水平形成夹角的锐角为75°。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：所述监测处理系统(71)包括直流传感器单元(711)和模数变换单元(712)，所述直流传感器单元(711)将线圈(2)传来的电流信号传输到模数变换单元(712)，所述模数变换单元(712)将电流信号转换为电压信号后传输到监测服务系统(72)；
    所述监测服务系统(72)包括显示控制单元(721)和语音声光报警单元(722)，所述显示控制单元(721)用于接受和显示电流数据信息，所述语音声光报警单元(722)用于将接受的电流数据与预先设定的电流阈值范围相比。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：所述螺旋锥体(1)的底部设有螺旋轴(4)，所述螺旋轴(4)嵌入底座(12)开设的圆柱孔内并与其转动连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：所述底座(12)的上端面设有能够盖合圆柱孔的密封盖(5)，所述密封盖(5)上开有供螺旋轴(4)穿过且与其适配的通孔。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：所述悬挂 架(15)包括底板(151)，所述底板(151)的周向边缘上连接有若干均布的竖直杆(152)，所述竖直杆(152)上端固定在计量仓(16)上。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统，其特征在于：所述永磁铁(13)设有内外两层，外层的永磁铁(13)形成的环向阵列布置在线圈(2)的外围，内层的永磁铁(13)形成的环向阵列布置在线圈(2)的内围，两层永磁铁(13)之间的间距为1.5-2倍线圈(2)直径，保证所述螺旋锥体(1)转动时其底部的内外两层永磁铁(13)与线圈(2)之间不发生干涉。
  8. 一种如权利要求1所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统的自诊断方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤；
    步骤S1、在自诊断系统中设定电流阈值范围，具体为：
    基于本系统的结构特征，建立发电关系式：
    I＝f[V,W]；
    其中，I为发电装置实时产生的电流，V为装置正常工作时物料在计量仓进料口的下落速度，W为螺旋锥体的磨损系数，0≤W≤1；
    步骤S11、当螺旋锥体无磨损，即其磨损系数W为1时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I1；
    步骤S22、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.9时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I2；
    步骤S23、当螺旋锥体的磨损系数W为0.7时，系统工作所产生的电流大小为I3；
    根据电流阈值范围，规定系统工作时所监测的实时电流I：
    I1＜I，则物料下落过快；
    I1≤I≤I2，螺旋磨损在10％以内，则螺旋轴锥体正常；
    I2＜I≤I3,螺旋磨损在10％到30％以内，则螺旋轴锥体出现轻度磨损；
    I3＜I，螺旋磨损已超过30％，则螺旋轴锥体出现严重磨损；
    步骤二、启动减压发电装置并加料工作，实时开启储电监测系统并实时储存电量，延迟5-10秒开启自诊断系统；
    步骤三、根据自诊断系统所监测的实时电流I，给定如下判断：
    (1)若I1＜I，则:显示控制单元(721)显示“超速”，语音声光报警单元(722)报警；
    (2)若I1≤I≤I2，则显示控制单元(721)显示“正常”，语音声光报警单元(722)不报警；
    (3)若I2＜I≤I3,则显示控制单元(721)显示“预警”，语音声光报警单元(722)不报警；
    (4)若I3＜I，则显示控制单元(721)显示“警告”，语音声光报警单元(722)报警。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统的自诊断方法，其特征在于，减压发电装置停止工作则自诊断系统也停止工作，减压发电装置开启工作则自诊断系统自动更新。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统的自诊断方法，其特征在于，储电监测系统工作的方法如下：
    步骤一、启动减压发电装置工作，电量监测单元(94)更新；
    步骤二、电量监测单元(94)实时监测主储电单元(931)和备用储电单元(932)当前的储存电量为Q1、Q2；主储电单元(931)和备用储电单元(932)的满储电量为Qm、Qn，电量监测单元(94)做出如下判断:
    (1)若Q1＜94％×Qm，则电流仅储存至主储电单元(931)，电量监测单元(94)显示“储电 正常”，继续重复步骤二；
    (2)若Q1≥94％×Qm，则电流储存至备用储电单元(932)，电量监测单元(94)显示“主储电已满”；待更换主储电单元后，电量监测单元(94)自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元(94)更新，重复步骤二；
    (3)若Q2≥94％×Qn，电量监测单元(94)显示“备用储电已满”；待更换备用储电单元后，电量监测单元(94)自动切换显示“储电正常”，电量监测单元(94)更新，重复步骤二。
PCT/CN2023/101273 2022-09-23 2023-06-20 一种失重称用螺旋锥体自诊断减压系统及其自诊断方法 WO2024060729A1 (zh)

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