WO2024060433A1 - 一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置及方法 - Google Patents
一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置及方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024060433A1 WO2024060433A1 PCT/CN2022/140146 CN2022140146W WO2024060433A1 WO 2024060433 A1 WO2024060433 A1 WO 2024060433A1 CN 2022140146 W CN2022140146 W CN 2022140146W WO 2024060433 A1 WO2024060433 A1 WO 2024060433A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N3/00—Regulating air supply or draught
- F23N3/06—Regulating air supply or draught by conjoint operation of two or more valves or dampers
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- the present disclosure relates to the technical field of combustion equipment, and specifically to a device and method for optimizing the aerodynamic field in a furnace in deep adjustment mode.
- Coal-fired power generation as the backbone of the current power grid structure, is responsible for the dual tasks of grid stability and flexible peak regulation. With the steady advancement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, photovoltaics, wind power, and new energy are vigorously developed, and the transformation of green coal power will This is the long-term trend in the future. Since photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation are subject to random weather changes, in order to ensure the stability of the power grid, coal-fired units need to significantly increase or decrease the load according to the grid conditions.
- the deep peak load of coal-fired units is 40% of the rated load, which is far lower than the boiler design load. After the unit reaches the deep peak load, the number of burners in operation will be reduced, and the related burner nozzle area is fixed.
- the purpose of this disclosure is to propose a device and method for optimizing the aerodynamic field in the furnace under deep adjustment mode, which reduces the incorporation of unorganized secondary air under the deep peak load of the boiler and improves the efficiency of the boiler under the deep peak load.
- the stability of the aerodynamic field in the furnace improves the furnace temperature level at low loads and increases the boiler's ability to stabilize combustion at low loads.
- the damper opening of each independent air chamber in the air box that supplies secondary air to the boiler's secondary air distribution system and the burner nozzle wind speed adjustment device can be operated in conjunction with each other in the operating logic, so that the boiler can achieve independent operation under different load conditions.
- the opening of the first damper of the air chamber cooperates with the different openings of the second damper to increase the means of adjusting the air volume of the boiler.
- this disclosure proposes a furnace aerodynamic field optimization device in deep adjustment mode, including:
- An air box that supplies secondary air to the boiler secondary air distribution system;
- the air box includes a plurality of independent air chambers and air chamber nozzles corresponding to the independent air chambers, and the input end of each independent air chamber is provided with a third A damper;
- an air chamber partition plate is provided in part of the independent air chamber, wherein the air chamber partition plate extends from the first damper to the air chamber nozzle and divides the independent air chamber into Horizontally juxtaposed left breeze chambers and right breeze chambers, a second regulating damper with adjustable opening is provided in the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber in each of the independent air chambers; along the secondary In the wind flow direction, the second damper is located downstream of the first damper and upstream of the air chamber nozzle.
- a plurality of the independent air chambers are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form a layer of independent air chamber groups; multiple layers of the independent air chamber groups are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction; at least one layer of the independent air chamber groups is The independent air chambers in the chamber group are all provided with the air chamber partition plates at the same time.
- the second damper is set in the right breeze chamber at the same time;
- the independent air chamber group is provided with the number of layers of the air chamber partition plates and the number of independent air chambers in each layer.
- the setting of the number and the volume ratio of the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber satisfies the following conditions: when all the second adjustment dampers are in the fully closed state, the multiple independent air dampers under the lowest stable combustion load
- the secondary air speed at the room outlet shall not be less than the design wind speed of the secondary air nozzle under rated load conditions.
- wind speed measuring devices are provided in both the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber. Along the flow direction of the secondary air, the wind speed measuring devices are located downstream of the second regulating damper and upstream of the wind chamber nozzle; the wind speed measuring device is associated and coupled with the opening of the second regulating damper to realize automatic control of the boiler load.
- the number of the second dampers is one or more, and when there are multiple second dampers, they are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction and remain linked; wherein the second dampers The length is less than the width of the right breeze chamber where the second damper is provided.
- the optimization device includes an actuator connected to the second damper through a connecting rod and controlling the opening of the second damper; wherein the second damper is a flap structure, and the second damper has a flap structure.
- the actuator is driven to rotate up and down in a horizontal plane.
- a method for optimizing the aerodynamic field in the boiler in deep adjustment mode is proposed.
- the optimization device described in any of the above embodiments is used to optimize the aerodynamic field in the boiler.
- the left breeze chamber and the The adjusted secondary air from the breeze chamber on the right passes through the air chamber nozzle and enters the boiler furnace to participate in combustion, including:
- the second damper When the boiler is running normally at full load, the second damper is at 100% opening position, that is, fully open, and the secondary air volume is adjusted by relying on the original air volume adjustment device of the independent air chamber;
- K f(kT, kNO, kHS, kWT)
- kT - control coefficient of flame temperature index in the combustion zone uniform flame temperature is the best
- kNO - nitrogen oxide index control coefficient the smallest index is the best
- kHS - control coefficient of reducing atmosphere on the water-cooled wall wall low reducing atmosphere is Optimum
- kWT - heating surface metal wall temperature control coefficient low and uniform wall temperature is optimal
- establish the corresponding automatic control curve according to the K function of the calibration test use the wind speed measuring device to establish the second regulating damper and the third A limit protection logic for the damper.
- the second damper is forcibly limited.
- the lower limit value of the opening degree when the boiler enters the deep peak shaving and the lowest stable combustion load, the second damper is fully closed when it is at the 10% opening position.
- the data collected by the wind speed measuring device is used as the second damper opening feedback data source, and the positive and negative bias operation is set for the second damper opening.
- the opening of the second adjusting damper of the right breeze chamber is closed; when the wind speed in the left breeze chamber is too high, the opening of the second adjusting damper of the right breeze chamber is opened.
- Figure 1 is a top view of an aerodynamic field optimization device in a boiler proposed by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 2 is a side view of an aerodynamic field optimization device in a boiler proposed by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the actuator and the second damper proposed by an embodiment of the present disclosure
- the present disclosure proposes a device for optimizing the aerodynamic field in the furnace in the deep adjustment mode, which includes an air box that supplies secondary air to the boiler secondary air distribution system; the air box includes a plurality of independent air chambers 1 and a combined air chamber. Corresponding air chamber nozzle 6, and the input end of each independent air chamber 1 is provided with a first damper 2; an air chamber partition plate 3 is provided in some independent air chambers 1, wherein the air chamber partition plate 3 is composed of a first The adjusting damper 2 extends to the air chamber nozzle 6, dividing the independent air chamber 1 into a horizontally juxtaposed left breeze chamber and a right breeze chamber; a second adjusting damper with adjustable opening is provided in the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber. 4; Along the secondary air flow direction, the second damper 4 is located downstream of the first damper 2 and upstream of the air chamber nozzle 6.
- the air box that supplies secondary air to the boiler secondary air distribution system includes multiple independent air chambers 1, in which a first damper is provided at the input end of each independent air chamber 1. 2, and its output end is equipped with an air chamber nozzle 6 corresponding to the independent air chamber 1.
- the secondary air from the boiler enters the independent air chamber 1 through the first regulating damper 2 of each independent air chamber 1.
- the independent first adjusting damper 2 adjusts the air inlet volume of the secondary air.
- an air chamber partition plate 3 can be provided in some independent air chambers 1, wherein the air chamber partition plate 3 is arranged in the vertical direction and the first adjusting damper 2 extends to the air chamber nozzle 6 , the independent air chamber 1 is divided into a horizontally juxtaposed left breeze chamber and a right breeze chamber, in which the volume ratio of the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber can be adjusted according to the boiler capacity.
- a second regulating damper 4 with adjustable opening is provided in the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber.
- the second regulating damper 4 is located upstream of the air chamber nozzle 6, that is, the boiler secondary air passes through in sequence.
- the first damper 2 of each independent air chamber 1 enters the independent air chamber 1, and passes through the second damper 4 with adjustable opening in the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber, and then passes through the air chamber nozzle 6. Therefore, this implementation In this example, the opening of the second damper 4 can be adjusted according to the boiler load condition.
- the secondary air of the boiler in this embodiment can be controlled through the correlation between the first damper 2 and the second damper 4, which adds a means of adjusting the boiler air volume, can adapt to the peak load of the boiler under different operating conditions, and ensures that the boiler
- the stability of the aerodynamic field in the furnace improves the furnace temperature level at low loads and increases the boiler's ability to stabilize combustion at low loads.
- multiple independent air chambers 1 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form a layer of independent air chamber group; multiple layers of independent air chamber groups are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction; and all independent air chambers 1 in at least one layer of independent air chamber group are simultaneously provided with air chamber partition plates 3.
- multiple independent air chambers 1 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction to form a layer of independent air chamber groups; multi-layer independent air chamber groups are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, that is, multiple independent air chambers 1 are arranged in An array is formed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction; and the independent air chambers 1 in at least one layer of independent air chamber groups are all provided with air chamber partition boards 3 at the same time.
- an independent air chamber group of one layer includes multiple independent air chambers 1 arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.
- the number of layers of independent air chamber groups is determined according to the depth of the boiler and the number of burner layers in operation. Plate 3, in which all independent air chambers 1 in the selected independent air chamber group with air chamber partition plates 3 are equipped with air chamber partition boards 3 at the same time.
- the second damper 4 can be disposed in the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber, and it is determined that the independent air chamber 1 with the air chamber partition plate 3 is provided.
- the second damper 4 is set in the right breeze chamber at the same time.
- the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 2 is the left breeze chamber or the right breeze chamber, which can be a tangent circle that makes the air flow in the boiler furnace rotate counterclockwise.
- the boiler obtains a larger tangent circle under its deep adjustment and low load condition, and the air flow disturbance in the furnace is strengthened, which is beneficial to the combustion of pulverized coal.
- the number of layers of air chamber partition boards 3, the number of independent air chambers 1 on each layer, and the volume ratio of the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber are set to meet the following conditions:
- the secondary air speed at the outlets of the multiple independent air chambers 1 under the lowest stable combustion load is not less than the design wind speed of the secondary air nozzles under the rated load condition, ensuring that all second regulating dampers 4 are fully closed.
- the damper 4 is closed, that is, when the second damper 4 is limited to the fully closed state when it is at the 10% opening position, the secondary wind speed passing through the independent air chamber 1 in this embodiment is not less than the secondary wind speed under the rated load condition.
- the designed wind speed of the air nozzle ensures the lowest stable combustion load of the boiler.
- the wind speed measuring device 5 is provided in both the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber. Along the secondary air flow direction, the wind speed measuring device 5 is located downstream of the second damper 4 and upstream of the air chamber nozzle 6 .
- the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber are both equipped with wind speed measuring devices 5.
- the wind speed measuring devices 5 monitor the wind speed downstream of the second damper 4 in real time, and measure the wind speed through the wind speed measuring device. 5. Feedback the wind speed monitoring value of the secondary air. Couple the operating logic program that measures the wind speed value and the opening of the second damper 4 with the boiler operation. The wind speed and flow rate of the secondary air passing through the air chamber nozzle 6 can be adjusted in time. And enters the boiler furnace to participate in combustion.
- a wind speed measuring device 5 is installed near the air chamber nozzle 6. Through the displayed wind speed, Dynamically adjust the small air chamber to adjust the damper opening, reduce the nozzle area, increase the wind speed while ensuring a certain air volume, improve the air flow rigidity, stabilize the aerodynamic field in the furnace, and improve combustion stability.
- automatic control of the boiler load is achieved through the correlation coupling between the wind speed measuring device 5 and the opening of the second damper 4.
- the number of the second dampers 4 is one or more. When there are multiple second dampers 4 , they are arranged sequentially in the vertical direction and remain linked; wherein the length of the second damper 4 It is smaller than the width of the right breeze chamber where the second damper 4 is set.
- the number of the second regulating dampers 4 can be one or more.
- the number of the second regulating dampers 4 is multiple and they are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction, wherein two second regulating dampers 4 form a group of linkage regulating dampers and maintain simultaneous linkage; multiple groups of linkage regulating dampers can maintain simultaneous linkage or be controlled separately to achieve multi-gradient regulation of the secondary air volume entering the boiler furnace to participate in combustion, and to achieve different openings of the first regulating damper 2 and the second regulating damper 4 under different load conditions.
- the number of second adjusting dampers 4 is two, forming a group of linked adjusting dampers.
- the two second adjusting dampers 4 can be respectively connected to connecting rods to form a connecting rod structure, and then the actuator 7 controls the movement amplitude of the connecting rod to adjust the opening size of the second adjusting damper 4, wherein the second adjusting damper 4 is a flap type structure, which can be rotated up and down in a horizontal plane by the drive of the actuator 7.
- a method for optimizing the aerodynamic field in the boiler in deep adjustment mode is proposed.
- the optimization device in any of the above embodiments is used to optimize the aerodynamic field in the boiler.
- the left breeze chamber and the right breeze chamber are used to optimize the aerodynamic field in the boiler.
- the adjusted secondary air enters the boiler furnace through the air chamber nozzle 6 to participate in combustion; including
- the second damper 4 When the boiler is running normally at full load, the second damper 4 is at 100% opening position, that is, fully open, and relies on the original air volume adjustment device of the independent air chamber 1 to adjust the secondary air volume;
- K f(kT, kNO, kHS, kWT)
- kT - control coefficient of flame temperature index in the combustion zone uniform flame temperature is the best
- kNO - nitrogen oxide index control coefficient the smallest index is the best
- kHS - control coefficient of reducing atmosphere on the water-cooled wall wall low reducing atmosphere is Optimal
- kWT the temperature control coefficient of the metal wall on the heating surface. Low and uniform wall temperatures are optimal.
- the original air volume regulating device of the independent air chamber 1 is relied upon to adjust the secondary air volume.
- the second regulating damper 4 is in a fully open state, which can reduce resistance and facilitate flow diversion; when the boiler starts peak regulation When the load is on, the opening of the second damper 4 is determined according to the actual combustion situation of the boiler, and a corresponding automatic control curve is established; and the wind speed measuring device 5 is used to interlock the openings of the second damper 4 and the first damper 2; when The second damper 4 is closed when the boiler is under deep peak load.
- the data collected by the wind speed measuring device 5 is used as a feedback data source; during actual operation, the opening of the second adjusting damper 4 can be set to positive and negative bias operation according to the feedback data.
- the opening of the second damper 4 will be closed; when the wind speed in the left breeze chamber is too high, the opening of the second damper 4 will be opened.
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Abstract
提出一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置及方法，包括：向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱；所述风箱包括多个独立风室及与所述独立风室对应的风室喷嘴，且其中每一所述独立风室的输入端设置第一调节风门；在部分所述独立风室中设置风室分隔板，其中所述风室分隔板由所述第一调节风门延伸至所述风室喷嘴并将所述独立风室分为水平并列的左侧微风室和右侧微风室，在每一所述独立风室中的所述左侧微风室或所述右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门；沿二次风流动方向，所述第二调节风门位于所述第一调节风门的下游及所述风室喷嘴的上游。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为2022111495873、申请日为2022年9月21日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
本公开涉及燃烧设备技术领域，具体涉及一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置及方法。
燃煤发电作为目前电网结构的中坚力量，承担着电网稳定与灵活调峰的双重任务，随着碳达峰、碳中和的稳步推进，大力发展光伏、风电、新能源，改造绿色煤电将是以后长期的趋势。由于光伏发电与风力发电受天气变化的随机性，为保证电网的稳定，需要燃煤机组根据电网情况大幅度的增减变换负荷。燃煤机组深度调峰40％额定负荷，远低于锅炉设计负荷，机组达到深度调峰负荷后，投运燃烧器会减少，而相关燃烧器喷口面积是固定的，在深度调峰工况下，燃烧器喷口流出的总风量下降，喷口流速也随之下降，导致喷口的气流动量大幅下降，这就意味着气流在炉膛内的穿透距离大幅下降。切圆燃烧锅炉为保证一定的空气动力场，炉膛内投入较大风量以维持炉膛空气动力场，大量的冷风会降低炉膛温度，引起锅炉煤粉着火困难，燃烧不稳的情况出现，从而进一步限制锅炉低负荷能力，为改善低负荷下锅炉炉膛中空气动力场状况，迫切需要一种能根据锅炉负荷情况动态调整风量及风速的燃烧器装置，保证深调负荷下炉膛较好的空气动力场。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提出一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置及方法，在锅炉深度调峰负荷下，减少了无组织二次风的掺入，提高了锅炉深度调峰负荷下的炉膛内空气动力场的稳定性，提升了低负荷炉膛温度水平，增加了锅炉低负荷稳燃能力。同时向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱中各独立风室的风门开度与燃烧器喷口风速调节装置可在运行逻辑上进行联动运行，使锅炉在不同负荷工况下实现各独立风室的第一调节风门的开度与第二调节风门不同开度配合，增加了锅炉风量调节手段。
为达到上述目的，本公开提出的一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置，包括：
向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱；所述风箱包括多个独立风室及与所述独立风室 对应的风室喷嘴，且其中每一所述独立风室的输入端设置第一调节风门；在部分所述独立风室中设置风室分隔板，其中所述风室分隔板由所述第一调节风门延伸至所述风室喷嘴并将所述独立风室分为水平并列的左侧微风室和右侧微风室，在每一所述独立风室中的所述左侧微风室或所述右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门；沿二次风流动方向，所述第二调节风门位于所述第一调节风门的下游及所述风室喷嘴的上游。
在一些实施例中，多个所述独立风室在水平方向上并排设置形成一层独立风室组；多层所述独立风室组在竖直方向上依次设置；至少一层所述独立风室组中的所述独立风室同时全部设置所述风室分隔板。
在一些实施例中，所述第二调节风门同时设置在所述右侧微风室中；所述独立风室组中设置所述风室分隔板的层数、每层所述独立风室的个数以及所述左侧微风室与所述右侧微风室的体积比的设置满足以下条件：全部的所述第二调节风门为全关状态时，最低稳燃负荷下多个所述独立风室出口的二次风速不小于额定负荷工况下二次风喷口设计风速。
在一些实施例中，所述左侧微风室与所述右侧微风室中均设置风速测量装置，沿二次风流动方向，所述风速测量装置位于所述第二调节风门的下游且在所述风室喷嘴的上游；所述风速测量装置与所述第二调节风门的开度关联耦合，实现所述锅炉负荷自动控制。
在一些实施例中，所述第二调节风门的数量为一个或多个，其中所述第二调节风门为多个时其在竖直方向上依次设置且保持联动；其中所述第二调节风门的长度小于设置所述第二调节风门的所述右侧微风室的宽度。
在一些实施例中，优化装置包括与所述第二调节风门通过连杆连接并控制所述第二调节风门开度大小的执行器；其中所述第二调节风门为翻板式结构，通过所述执行器的驱动在水平面内上下转动。
在一些实施例中，提出了一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化方法，利用上述任一实施例中所述的优化装置进行所述锅炉内空气动力场优化，通过左侧微风室与右侧微风室调整后的二次风经过风室喷嘴进入锅炉炉膛参与燃烧，包括：
锅炉满负荷正常运行时，第二调节风门处于100％开度位，即全开状态，依靠独立风室的原风量调节装置调节二次风的风量；
锅炉调峰时：选取锅炉满负荷运行和与最低稳燃负荷之间的75％额定负荷、50％额定负荷、40％额定负荷工况进行第二调节风门开度标定试验，并建立指标寻优K函数；
K＝f(kT，kNO，kHS，kWT)
其中：kT—燃烧区火焰温度指标控制系数，火焰温度均匀为最佳；kNO—氮氧化物指标控制系数，指标最小为最优；kHS—水冷壁壁面还原性气氛控制系数，还原性气氛低为最优；kWT—受热面金属壁温控制系数，壁温低且均匀为最优；根据标定试验的K函数建立相应的 自动控制曲线；利用风速测量装置建立所述第二调节风门和所述第一调节风门的限制保护逻辑，当设置所述第二调节风门的所述左侧微风室或所述右侧微风室的风速超过额定负荷设计风速150％时，强行限制所述第二调节风门的开度下限值；其中限定锅炉进入深度调峰最低稳燃负荷时，所述第二调节风门处于10％开度位时为全关状态。
在一些实施例中，所述风速测量装置采集的数据作为第二调节风门开度反馈数据源，对所述第二调节风门开度设置正负偏置运行，当左侧微风室风速偏小时，则关闭所述右侧微风室第二调节风门的开度；当左侧微风室风速偏大时，则开启所述右侧微风室第二调节风门的开度。
本公开附加的方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
本公开上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本公开一实施例提出的锅炉内空气动力场优化装置的俯视图；
图2是本公开一实施例提出的锅炉内空气动力场优化装置的侧视图；
图3是本公开一实施例提出的执行器与第二调节风门连接的示意图；
附图标记：
图中，1、独立风室；2、第一调节风门；3、风室分隔板；4、第二调节风门；5、风速测量装置；6、风室喷嘴；7、执行器。
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本公开，而不能理解为对本公开的限制。相反，本公开的实施例包括落入所附加权利要求书的精神和内涵范围内的所有变化、修改和等同物。
为达到上述目的，本公开提出的一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置，包括向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱；风箱包括多个独立风室1及与风室对应的风室喷嘴6，且其中每一独立风室1的输入端设置第一调节风门2；在部分独立风室1中设置风室分隔板3，其中风室分隔板3由第一调节风门2延伸至风室喷嘴6，将独立风室1分为水平并列的左侧微风室和右侧微风室；在左侧微风室或右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门4；沿二次风流动方向，第二调节风门4位于第一调节风门2的下游及风室喷嘴6的上游。
具体的如图1-图2所示，向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱包括多个独立风室1，其中在每一独立风室1的输入端均设置有第一调节风门2，且其输出端均设置有与独立风室1对应的风室喷嘴6，自锅炉的二次风通过各独立风室1的第一调节风门2进入独立风室1内，各独立风室1由独立的第一调节风门2调节二次风的进风量。为便于调节燃烧器喷口风速和风量，可在部分独立风室1中设置风室分隔板3，其中风室分隔板3沿竖直方向设置并第一调节风门2延伸至风室喷嘴6，将独立风室1分割为水平并列的左侧微风室和右侧微风室，其中左侧微风室与右侧微风室的体积比可根据锅炉容量调节。
此外在左侧微风室或右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门4，沿二次风流动方向，第二调节风门4位于风室喷嘴6的上游，即锅炉二次风依次经过各独立风室1的第一调节风门2进入独立风室1内，并经过左侧微风室或右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门4后通过风室喷嘴6，因此本实施例中可根据锅炉负荷情况进行第二调节风门4的开度调节。本实施例中的锅炉二次风可通过第一调节风门2和第二调节风门4的关联调控，增加了锅炉风量调节手段，可适应锅炉在不同运行工况下的调峰负荷，并保证锅炉炉膛内空气动力场的稳定性，提升了低负荷炉膛温度水平，增加了锅炉低负荷稳燃能力。
在一些实施例中，多个独立风室1在水平方向上并排设置形成一层独立风室组；多层独立风室组在竖直方向上依次设置；至少一层独立风室组中的独立风室1同时全部设置风室分隔板3。
具体的，多个独立风室1在水平方向上并排设置形成一层独立风室组；多层独立风室组在竖直方向上依次由上到下排列设置，即多个独立风室1在水平方向和竖直方向上形成阵列；且至少一层独立风室组中的独立风室1同时全部设置风室分隔板3。可理解的一层独立风室组包括在水平方向上并排设置的多个独立风室1，其中根据锅炉深度调峰负荷投运燃烧器层数确定几层独立风室组中设置风室分隔板3，其中选定的设置风室分隔板3的独立风室组中所有的独立风室1内均同时全部设置风室分隔板3。
此外需要解释的是，第二调节风门4可设置在左侧微风室或右侧微风室中，确定设置风室分隔板3的独立风室1中，在本公开实施例中，如图2所示，第二调节风门4同时设置在右侧微风室中，其中以图2中箭头所指方向为将左侧微风室或右侧微风室，可为使锅炉炉膛气流逆时针旋转的切圆锅炉在其深调低负荷工况下获得较大切圆，并强化炉内气流扰动，利于煤粉燃尽。而在本实施例中独立风室组中设置风室分隔板3的层数、每层独立风室1的个数以及左侧微风室与右侧微风室的体积比的设置满足以下条件：全部的第二调节风门4为全关状态时，最低稳燃负荷下多个独立风室1出口的二次风速不小于额定负荷工况下二次风喷口设计风速，保证在全部的第二调节风门4关闭的情况下，即限定第二调节风门4处于10％开度位时为全关状态时，通过本实施例中的独立风室1的二次风速不小 于额定负荷工况下二次风喷口设计风速，保证锅炉的最低稳燃负荷。
在一些实施例中，左侧微风室与右侧微风室中均设置风速测量装置5，沿二次风流动方向，风速测量装置5位于第二调节风门4的下游且在风室喷嘴6的上游。
具体的如图1和图3所示，左侧微风室和右侧微风室中均装有风速测量装置5，风速测量装置5实时对第二调节风门4下游的风速监测，并通过风速测量装置5反馈的二次风的风速监测数值，将测量风速值与第二调节风门4开度大小的运行逻辑程序与锅炉运行耦合，及时调整后的二次风经过风室喷嘴6的风速和流量，并进入锅炉炉膛参与燃烧。
可知的，锅炉进行调峰负荷时，根据锅炉燃烧风量及风箱风压要求，为保证锅炉燃烧所需的风量，第一调节风门2到达一定开度后不能再进一步调整，总风量降低，气流动量大幅下降，气流刚性较弱，锅炉炉内空气动力场稳定性较差，容易发生燃烧不稳情况，因此本实施例中在风室喷嘴6附近加装了风速测量装置5，通过显示的风速，动态调节小风室调节风门开度，减小喷口面积，在保证一定风量的基础上增大风速，提高气流刚性，稳定炉膛内空气动力场，提高燃烧稳定性。此外通过风速测量装置5与第二调节风门4的开度关联耦合，实现锅炉负荷自动控制。
在一些实施例中，第二调节风门4的数量为一个或多个，其中第二调节风门4为多个时，其在竖直方向上依次设置且保持联动；其中第二调节风门4的长度小于设置第二调节风门4的右侧微风室的宽度。
具体的，第二调节风门4的数量可以为一个或多个。在一些实施例中，第二调节风门4的数量为多个且在竖直方向上依次设置，其中两个第二调节风门4为一组联动调节风门保持同时联动；多组联动调节风门可保持同时联动或单独控制，实现进入锅炉炉膛参与燃烧的二次风风量的多梯度调节，实现锅炉在不同负荷工况下实现第一调节风门2开度与第二调节风门4不同开度配合。
根据本公开实施例，如图3所示，第二调节风门4的数量为两个组成一组联动调节风门，为保持一组联动调节风门中两个第二调节风门4同时联动，可通过将两个第二调节风门4分别连接连杆形成连杆结构，并再由执行器7控制连杆运动幅度从而调整第二调节风门4开度大小，其中第二调节风门4为翻板式结构，通过执行器7的驱动可在水平面内上下转动。
在一些实施例中，提出了一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化方法，利用上述任意一个实施例中的优化装置进行锅炉内空气动力场优化，通过左侧微风室与右侧微风室调整后的二次风经过风室喷嘴6进入锅炉炉膛参与燃烧；包括
锅炉满负荷正常运行时，第二调节风门4处于100％开度位，即全开状态，依靠独立风室1的原风量调节装置调节二次风的风量；
锅炉调峰时：选取锅炉满负荷运行和与最低稳燃负荷之间的75％额定负荷、50％额定负荷、40％额定负荷工况进行第二调节风门4开度标定试验，并根据燃烧器区域火焰温度指标、NOx生产量指标、燃尽风区域壁面还原性气氛指标、受热面超温指标等重点参数进行开度寻优，并建立指标寻优K函数；
K＝f(kT，kNO，kHS，kWT)
其中：kT—燃烧区火焰温度指标控制系数，火焰温度均匀为最佳；kNO—氮氧化物指标控制系数，指标最小为最优；kHS—水冷壁壁面还原性气氛控制系数，还原性气氛低为最优；kWT—受热面金属壁温控制系数，壁温低且均匀为最优。通过调整小风门不同开度，观测各指标变化趋势，记录其中最优化组合下的小风门开度作为K函数的返回值，制定优化运行曲线。上述控制指标也可根据运行人员对运行参数的指标控制侧重程度选取其中各别指标作为重点控制指标进行寻优试验。
根据K函数建立相应的自动控制曲线；利用风速测量装置5建立第二调节风门4和第一调节风门2的限制保护逻辑，当设置第二调节风门4的左侧微风室或右侧微风室的风速超过额定负荷设计风速150％时，强行限制第二调节风门4的开度下限值；其中限定锅炉进入深度调峰最低稳燃负荷时，第二调节风门4处于10％开度位时为全关状态。
具体的，锅炉正常运行时依靠依靠独立风室1的原风量调节装置调节二次风的风量，此时第二调节风门4处于全开状态，可减少阻力且利于导流；当锅炉开始调峰负荷时，根据锅炉实际燃烧情况确定第二调节风门4的开度，并建立相应的自动控制曲线；且利用风速测量装置5连锁控制第二调节风门4和第一调节风门2的开度；当锅炉深度调峰负荷下第二调节风门4处于关闭状态。
在一些实施例中，风速测量装置5采集的数据作为反馈数据源；实际运行时可根据反馈数据对第二调节风门4开度设置正负偏置运行，当左侧微风室风速测量装置5的数值偏小时，则关闭第二调节风门4的开度；当左侧微风室风速偏大时，则开启第二调节风门4的开度。
需要说明的是，在本公开的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。此外，在本公开的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
流程图中或在此以其他方式描述的任何过程或方法描述可以被理解为，表示包括一个或更多个用于实现特定逻辑功能或过程的步骤的可执行指令的代码的模块、片段或部分，并且本公开的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所示出或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本公开的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本公开的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本公开的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。
Claims (8)
- 一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置，包括:向锅炉二次配风系统供二次风的风箱；所述风箱包括多个独立风室及与所述独立风室对应的风室喷嘴，且其中每一所述独立风室的输入端设置第一调节风门；在部分所述独立风室中设置风室分隔板，其中所述风室分隔板由所述第一调节风门延伸至所述风室喷嘴并将所述独立风室分为水平并列的左侧微风室和右侧微风室，在每一所述独立风室中的所述左侧微风室或所述右侧微风室内设置开度可调的第二调节风门；沿二次风流动方向，所述第二调节风门位于所述第一调节风门的下游及所述风室喷嘴的上游。
- 根据权利要求1所述的优化装置，其中，多个所述独立风室在水平方向上并排设置形成一层独立风室组；多层所述独立风室组在竖直方向上依次设置；至少一层所述独立风室组中的所述独立风室同时全部设置所述风室分隔板。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的优化装置，其中，所述第二调节风门同时设置在所述右侧微风室中；所述独立风室组中设置所述风室分隔板的层数、每层所述独立风室的个数以及所述左侧微风室与所述右侧微风室的体积比的设置满足以下条件：全部的所述第二调节风门为全关状态时，最低稳燃负荷下多个所述独立风室出口的二次风速不小于额定负荷工况下二次风喷口设计风速。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的优化装置，其中，所述左侧微风室与所述右侧微风室中均设置风速测量装置，沿二次风流动方向，所述风速测量装置位于所述第二调节风门的下游且在所述风室喷嘴的上游；所述风速测量装置与所述第二调节风门的开度关联耦合，实现所述锅炉负荷自动控制。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的优化装置，其中，所述第二调节风门的数量为一个或多个，其中所述第二调节风门为多个时其在竖直方向上依次设置且保持联动；其中所述第二调节风门的长度小于设置所述第二调节风门的所述右侧微风室的宽度。
- 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的优化装置，其中，所述优化装置包括与所述第二调节风门通过连杆连接并控制所述第二调节风门开度大小的执行器；其中所述第二调节风门为翻板式结构，通过所述执行器的驱动在水平面内上下转动。
- 一种深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化方法，利用如权利要求1-6中任一项所述的深调模式下炉内空气动力场优化装置进行所述锅炉内空气动力场优化，通过左侧微风室与右侧微风室调整后的二次风经过风室喷嘴进入锅炉炉膛参与燃烧，包括：锅炉满负荷正常运行时，第二调节风门处于100％开度位的全开状态，依靠多个独立风室的原风量调节装置调节二次风的风量；锅炉调峰时：选取锅炉满负荷运行和与最低稳燃负荷之间的75％额定负荷、50％额定负荷、40％额定负荷工况进行第二调节风门开度标定试验，并建立指标寻优K函数；K＝f(k T，k NO，k HS，k WT)其中：k T—燃烧区火焰温度指标控制系数，火焰温度均匀为最佳；k NO—氮氧化物指标控制系数，指标最小为最优；k HS—水冷壁壁面还原性气氛控制系数，还原性气氛低为最优；k WT—受热面金属壁温控制系数，壁温低且均匀为最优；根据标定试验的K函数建立相应的自动控制曲线；利用风速测量装置建立所述第二调节风门和所述第一调节风门的限制保护逻辑，当设置所述第二调节风门的所述左侧微风室或所述右侧微风室的风速超过额定负荷设计风速150％时，强行限制所述第二调节风门的开度下限值；其中限定锅炉进入深度调峰最低稳燃负荷时，所述第二调节风门处于10％开度位时为全关状态。
- 根据权利要求7所述的优化方法，其中，所述风速测量装置采集的数据作为第二调节风门开度反馈数据源，对所述第二调节风门开度设置正负偏置运行，当左侧微风室风速偏小时，则关闭所述右侧微风室中所述第二调节风门的开度；当左侧微风室风速偏大时，则开启所述右侧微风室第二调节风门的开度。
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