WO2024058203A1 - Microplastic recovery system - Google Patents

Microplastic recovery system Download PDF

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WO2024058203A1
WO2024058203A1 PCT/JP2023/033328 JP2023033328W WO2024058203A1 WO 2024058203 A1 WO2024058203 A1 WO 2024058203A1 JP 2023033328 W JP2023033328 W JP 2023033328W WO 2024058203 A1 WO2024058203 A1 WO 2024058203A1
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water
environmental water
microplastic
cyclone separator
microplastics
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PCT/JP2023/033328
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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貴仁 井手
航平 福田
繁昌 松木
敦行 真鍋
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三浦工業株式会社
株式会社商船三井
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Publication of WO2024058203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024058203A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/38—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by centrifugal separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a microplastic recovery system.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-148514 filed in Japan on September 16, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
  • Plastics make up a significant portion of marine debris and are becoming a growing threat.
  • combating marine pollution caused by floating pollutants, including microplastics has become an urgent issue. Therefore, a system has been proposed for removing floating pollutants such as microplastics from environmental water used as ballast water in ships (for example, see Patent Document 1).
  • the collection of suspended contaminants is performed by a filter system, but in the filter system, the pressure drop gradually increases due to the accumulation of suspended contaminants. For this reason, in systems using filters, measures such as preparing a plurality of filter series and switching the filter series to continue filtration may be taken.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a microplastic recovery system that can suppress the influence on the mainstream flow rate and ensure a stable flow rate.
  • a microplastic recovery system is a microplastic recovery system that recovers microplastics from environmental water, and is arranged in an environmental water line through which the mainstream of environmental water flows, and in the environmental water line, a cyclone separator that separates concentrated water with an increased abundance of microplastics from the mainstream of environmental water; a discharge line that discharges the concentrated water from the cyclone separator;
  • a microplastics collection system comprising: a solids collection section that collects plastics;
  • the concentrated water discharged from the discharge line may be a heavy fraction separated by centrifugation.
  • the discharge line may return the water that has passed through the solids recovery section to the environmental water line downstream of the cyclone separator.
  • the flow rate of concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator may be 5% or less of the flow rate of environmental water introduced into the cyclone separator.
  • the microplastic recovery system described above may further include a flow state detector that is disposed in the environmental water line or the cyclone separator and detects the flow rate or pressure of the environmental water.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a microplastics recovery system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a microplastic recovery system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Microplastic collection system 1 is a system that collects microplastics from environmental water (seawater, river water, lake water, etc.), and separates solid materials mainly consisting of microplastics from environmental water used in various demand facilities. Used for recovery.
  • Demand equipment that uses environmental water from which microplastics are removed by the microplastic recovery system 1 typically includes a main engine or a main engine cooling device of a ship. That is, environmental water can be used to directly or indirectly cool the main engine.
  • the microplastic recovery system 1 includes an environmental water line 10 through which the mainstream environmental water flows, and a cyclone separator that is installed in the environmental water line 10 and separates concentrated water with an increased amount of microplastics from the mainstream environmental water. 20, a discharge line 30 for discharging concentrated water from the cyclone separator 20, and a solids recovery section 40 disposed downstream of the discharge line 30 for recovering microplastics from the concentrated water.
  • the environmental water line 10 is a flow path that guides environmental water supplied by a pump (not shown) or the like to the demand equipment through the cyclone separator 20.
  • the environmental water flowing through the environmental water line 10 is the main stream of environmental water passing through the microplastic recovery system 1. In other words, most of the environmental water introduced to the demand equipment through the microplastic recovery system 1 passes through the environmental water line 10.
  • the environmental water line 10 may include a flow state detector 11 that detects the flow state of environmental water.
  • the flow condition detector 11 may be configured to detect the flow rate or pressure of environmental water.
  • the flow state detector 11 of this embodiment is a differential pressure gauge that detects the differential pressure before and after the cyclone separator 20. Based on the flow state detected by the flow state detector 11, it is possible to detect the occurrence of blockage of the cyclone separator 20, etc., which reduces the flow rate of environmental water. Note that the flow state detector 11 may be disposed in the cyclone separator 20.
  • the cyclone separator 20 introduces environmental water tangentially into a cylindrical cyclone body 21, centrifugally separates solids including microplastics contained in the environmental water, and discharges a mainstream with a reduced solids concentration. Concentrated water enriched with plastics and other solids is separated in the lower part of the cyclone body 21. Therefore, the concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 is a heavy fraction separated by centrifugation, that is, it has a relatively large specific gravity and particle size, and has a larger centrifugal force than water (salt water) as a dispersion medium. It is water with an increased concentration of active solids.
  • the discharge line 30 discharges concentrated water enriched with microplastics from the lower end of the cyclone body 21 of the cyclone separator 20.
  • the discharge line 30 may be provided with a regulating valve 31 in order to adjust the amount of concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 and thus the solids concentration of the concentrated water.
  • the discharge line 30 may return the water that has passed through the solids recovery section 40 , that is, the water from which solids have been separated and removed, to the downstream side of the cyclone separator 20 in the environmental water line 10 .
  • the discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a reflux pump 32 so that the water that has passed through the solids recovery section 40 can be pressurized and the water from which solids have been separated and removed can be returned to the environmental water line 10 .
  • the discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a pressure switch 33 on the suction side of the reflux pump 32.
  • the pressure switch 33 can be used to detect blockage of the solids recovery section 40 by detecting the negative pressure generated on the suction side by the reflux pump 32 when the pressure loss in the solids recovery section 40 increases.
  • the discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a cutoff valve 34 upstream of the solids recovery section 40.
  • the amount of solids separated by the cyclone separator 20 does not vary greatly depending on the flow rate of concentrated water, but if the flow rate of concentrated water is too small, solids may precipitate and cause blockage.
  • the flow rate of the concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 through the discharge line 30 is set to the minimum that can flow and discharge solids including microplastics, in order to suppress the decrease in the flow rate of the mainstream downstream of the environmental water line 10. It is preferable to set the flow rate to a limit, and specifically, the flow rate is preferably 5% or less of the environmental water introduced into the cyclone separator 20, and more preferably 3% or less.
  • the solid matter recovery unit 40 separates and recovers solid matter containing microplastics from the concentrated water.
  • the solids recovery unit 40 of this embodiment includes a filtration device 41 such as a strainer, for example.
  • the solid matter recovery unit 40 may be a drainage mechanism that can appropriately collect solid matter containing microplastics by disposing a filter net or the like, for example, by disposing a filter net or the like.
  • the structure may include a water tank for storing concentrated water discharged in order to make it possible to collect microplastics by a method such as precipitation or flotation by bubbles.
  • the solids recovery unit 40 has a differential pressure gauge 42 that detects the differential pressure of the filtration device 41 in order to detect blockage of the filtration device 41.
  • the filter medium of the filtration device 41 is cleaned or replaced.
  • the regulating valve 31 and the shutoff valve 34 are closed, and the flow from the cyclone separator 20 to the discharge line 30 is performed.
  • the flow rate of concentrated water is relatively small, and even if discharge of concentrated water is temporarily stopped, environmental water can be stably passed through. If the demand equipment allows, the solids recovery section 40 may be bypassed and the water may be returned to the environmental water line 10.
  • the solids recovery unit 40 includes a plurality of filtration devices 41 that are selectively arranged in parallel to enable cleaning or replacement of the filter medium of the filtration device 41 without stopping water flow. Good too.
  • Microplastic recovery system 1 is a system that collects microplastics from environmental water while prioritizing the original purpose of water intake, such as cooling water for the main engine of a ship, and collects a large amount of microplastics so as not to affect the flow rate of environmental water. It includes a mechanism that separates the heavy fraction of environmental water containing (increased concentration) and a mechanism that efficiently recovers microplastics from the heavy fraction of environmental water that has been narrowed down to a small amount.
  • the microplastic recovery system 1 includes a cyclone separator 20 that removes solid matter containing microplastics from the environmental water by centrifugation in an environmental water line 10 through which the mainstream of environmental water flows, and removes the presence of microplastics from the cyclone separator 20.
  • the system By configuring the system to discharge an increased amount of concentrated water to the discharge line 30, fluctuations in the flow rate of environmental water due to the recovery of microplastics that occur in the case of a filter system are suppressed, and the flow rate of the environmental water line is stabilized. Therefore, when collecting microplastics from the cooling water of the main engine of a ship, the microplastics can be collected while avoiding any adverse effects on the main engine.
  • the interval between filter backwashing or filter replacement varies depending on the concentration of suspended solids such as microplastics in the environmental water, and when the concentration of suspended solids is high, the interval is short (for example, within a few hours); If the concentration of is low, the interval will be longer (for example, within a week). With the cyclone system, there is no such interruption in operation, and it can be operated continuously during any period during the voyage.
  • Microplastics recovery system 1 reduces the amount of water to be filtered in the subsequent solids recovery section by concentrating the heavy fraction containing microplastics with relatively large specific gravity and particle size flowing through the environmental water line using a cyclone separator. Microplastics can be collected efficiently. In addition, since the flow rate of the solids recovery section is sufficiently smaller (5% or less) than the mainstream of environmental water, the environmental The effect on the flow rate of the water line is extremely small, and environmental water can be stably distributed.
  • the microplastic recovery system 1 may be provided downstream of demand equipment to stably supply a flow rate of environmental water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
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Abstract

A microplastic recovery system 1 according to one aspect of the present invention recovers microplastics from environmental water, and comprises: an environmental water line 10 through which a main stream of environmental water flows; a cyclone separator 20 that is disposed in the environmental water line 10 and separates concentrated water with an increased amount of microplastics from the main stream of environmental water; a discharge line 30 that discharges the concentrated water from the cyclone separator 20; and a solid recovery unit 40 that is disposed in the discharge line 30 and recovers microplastics from the concentrated water.

Description

マイクロプラスチック回収システムMicroplastic collection system
　本発明は、マイクロプラスチック回収システムに関する。本願は、２０２２年９月１６日に日本に出願された特願２０２２－１４８５１４に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。 The present invention relates to a microplastic recovery system. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-148514 filed in Japan on September 16, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
　プラスチックは海洋ごみのかなりの部分を占め、ますます大きな脅威となりつつある。特にマイクロプラスチック等を含む浮遊汚染物質による海洋の汚染に対処することは、喫緊の課題となっている。そこで、船舶においてバラスト水等として利用される環境水からマイクロプラスチック等の浮遊汚染物質を除去するシステムが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Plastics make up a significant portion of marine debris and are becoming a growing threat. In particular, combating marine pollution caused by floating pollutants, including microplastics, has become an urgent issue. Therefore, a system has been proposed for removing floating pollutants such as microplastics from environmental water used as ballast water in ships (for example, see Patent Document 1).
特開２０２２－６７７３８号公報JP2022-67738A
　船舶では、例えば、主機を冷却する冷却水或いはバラスト水等として、海水などの環境水を船内に取り込み利用している。航海中に船内に取り込まれる環境水は膨大な量になる。この環境水に含まれるマイクロプラスチック等を含む浮遊汚染物質を回収し、海洋、湖沼、河川などの水環境の改善に貢献できる技術が求められている。 In ships, for example, environmental water such as seawater is brought into the ship and used as cooling water or ballast water to cool the main engine. A huge amount of environmental water is taken into the ship during the voyage. There is a need for technology that can collect floating pollutants, including microplastics, contained in this environmental water and contribute to improving the water environment of oceans, lakes, rivers, and other areas.
　一般に、浮遊汚染物質の回収はフィルタシステムにより行われるが、フィルタシステムでは、浮遊汚染物質が蓄積することにより徐々に圧力損失が増大する。このため、フィルタを用いるシステムでは、複数のフィルタ系列を用意しフィルタ系列を切替えて連続的にろ過を継続する等の方策をとることもある。 Generally, the collection of suspended contaminants is performed by a filter system, but in the filter system, the pressure drop gradually increases due to the accumulation of suspended contaminants. For this reason, in systems using filters, measures such as preparing a plurality of filter series and switching the filter series to continue filtration may be taken.
　一方、船内に取り込まれる環境水は用途ごとに安定した流量を供給することが必要となる。例えば、主機の冷却水の流量変動は、主機の性能や安全性にネガティブな影響を与えるため回避されなくてはならない。このため、圧力損失の発生や流路切替により主機冷却水の流量変動を招くフィルタシステムを適用することは難しい。 On the other hand, it is necessary to supply a stable flow rate of environmental water taken into the ship for each purpose. For example, fluctuations in the flow rate of cooling water for the main engine must be avoided because they have a negative impact on the performance and safety of the main engine. For this reason, it is difficult to apply a filter system that causes fluctuations in the flow rate of main engine cooling water due to pressure loss or flow path switching.
　このため、本発明は、主流の流量への影響を抑制し、安定した流量を確保できるマイクロプラスチック回収システムを提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a microplastic recovery system that can suppress the influence on the mainstream flow rate and ensure a stable flow rate.
　本発明の一態様に係るマイクロプラスチック回収システムは、環境水からマイクロプラスチックを回収するマイクロプラスチック回収システムであって、環境水の主流が流通する環境水ラインと、前記環境水ラインに配設され、環境水の主流からマイクロプラスチックの存在量を高めた濃縮水を分離するサイクロン分離器と、前記サイクロン分離器から濃縮水を排出する排出ラインと、前記排出ラインに配設され、濃縮水からマイクロプラスチックを回収する固形物回収部と、を備える、マイクロプラスチック回収システム。 A microplastic recovery system according to one aspect of the present invention is a microplastic recovery system that recovers microplastics from environmental water, and is arranged in an environmental water line through which the mainstream of environmental water flows, and in the environmental water line, a cyclone separator that separates concentrated water with an increased abundance of microplastics from the mainstream of environmental water; a discharge line that discharges the concentrated water from the cyclone separator; A microplastics collection system comprising: a solids collection section that collects plastics;
　上述のマイクロプラスチック回収システムにおいて、前記排出ラインから排出される濃縮水は、遠心分離により分離される重質画分であってもよい。 In the above microplastic recovery system, the concentrated water discharged from the discharge line may be a heavy fraction separated by centrifugation.
　上述のマイクロプラスチック回収システムにおいて、前記排出ラインは、前記固形物回収部を通過した水を前記環境水ラインの前記サイクロン分離器の下流側に還流させてもよい。 In the above microplastic recovery system, the discharge line may return the water that has passed through the solids recovery section to the environmental water line downstream of the cyclone separator.
　上述のマイクロプラスチック回収システムにおいて、前記サイクロン分離器から排出される濃縮水の流量は、前記サイクロン分離器に導入される環境水の流量の５％以下であってもよい。 In the above microplastic recovery system, the flow rate of concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator may be 5% or less of the flow rate of environmental water introduced into the cyclone separator.
　上述のマイクロプラスチック回収システムは、前記環境水ラインまたは前記サイクロン分離器に配設され、環境水の流量または圧力を検知する流通状態検知器をさらに備えてもよい。 The microplastic recovery system described above may further include a flow state detector that is disposed in the environmental water line or the cyclone separator and detects the flow rate or pressure of the environmental water.
　本発明によれば、主流の停止が不要なマイクロプラスチック回収システムを提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a microplastic recovery system that does not require stopping the mainstream.
本発明の第１実施形態に係るマイクロプラスチック回収システムの構成を示す模式図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a microplastics recovery system according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。図１は、本発明の一実施形態に係るマイクロプラスチック回収システム１の構成を示す模式図である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a microplastic recovery system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
　マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、環境水（海水、河川水、湖沼水等）からマイクロプラスチックを回収するシステムであり、各種の需要設備において使用される環境水からマイクロプラスチックを主体とする固形物を分離回収するために用いられる。マイクロプラスチック回収システム１によりマイクロプラスチックが除去される環境水を使用する需要設備としては、典型的には船舶の主機または主機冷却装置等が挙げられる。つまり、環境水は、主機を直接または間接的に冷却するために利用され得る。 Microplastic collection system 1 is a system that collects microplastics from environmental water (seawater, river water, lake water, etc.), and separates solid materials mainly consisting of microplastics from environmental water used in various demand facilities. Used for recovery. Demand equipment that uses environmental water from which microplastics are removed by the microplastic recovery system 1 typically includes a main engine or a main engine cooling device of a ship. That is, environmental water can be used to directly or indirectly cool the main engine.
　マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、環境水の主流が流通する環境水ライン１０と、環境水ライン１０に配設され、環境水の主流からマイクロプラスチックの存在量を高めた濃縮水を分離するサイクロン分離器２０と、サイクロン分離器２０から濃縮水を排出する排出ライン３０と、排出ライン３０の下流側に配設され、濃縮水からマイクロプラスチックを回収する固形物回収部４０と、を備える。 The microplastic recovery system 1 includes an environmental water line 10 through which the mainstream environmental water flows, and a cyclone separator that is installed in the environmental water line 10 and separates concentrated water with an increased amount of microplastics from the mainstream environmental water. 20, a discharge line 30 for discharging concentrated water from the cyclone separator 20, and a solids recovery section 40 disposed downstream of the discharge line 30 for recovering microplastics from the concentrated water.
　環境水ライン１０は、不図示のポンプ等によって供給される環境水を、サイクロン分離器２０を通して需要設備に案内する流路である。環境水ライン１０を流通する環境水はマイクロプラスチック回収システム１を通過する環境水の主流である。つまり、マイクロプラスチック回収システム１を通して需要設備に導入される環境水の過半が環境水ライン１０を通る。 The environmental water line 10 is a flow path that guides environmental water supplied by a pump (not shown) or the like to the demand equipment through the cyclone separator 20. The environmental water flowing through the environmental water line 10 is the main stream of environmental water passing through the microplastic recovery system 1. In other words, most of the environmental water introduced to the demand equipment through the microplastic recovery system 1 passes through the environmental water line 10.
　環境水ライン１０は、環境水の流通状態を検知する流通状態検知器１１を備えてもよい。流通状態検知器１１は、環境水の流量または圧力を検知するよう構成され得る。本実施形態の流通状態検知器１１は、サイクロン分離器２０の前後の差圧を検出する差圧計である。流通状態検知器１１が検出する流通状態に基づいて、環境水の流量を減少させるサイクロン分離器２０の閉塞等の発生を検知することができる。なお、流通状態検知器１１は、サイクロン分離器２０に配設されてもよい。 The environmental water line 10 may include a flow state detector 11 that detects the flow state of environmental water. The flow condition detector 11 may be configured to detect the flow rate or pressure of environmental water. The flow state detector 11 of this embodiment is a differential pressure gauge that detects the differential pressure before and after the cyclone separator 20. Based on the flow state detected by the flow state detector 11, it is possible to detect the occurrence of blockage of the cyclone separator 20, etc., which reduces the flow rate of environmental water. Note that the flow state detector 11 may be disposed in the cyclone separator 20.
　サイクロン分離器２０は、円筒状のサイクロン本体２１に接線方向に環境水を導入し、環境水に含まれるマイクロプラスチックを含む固形物を遠心分離し、固形物濃度を低減した主流を排出し、マイクロプラスチックおよび他の固形物の存在量を高めた濃縮水をサイクロン本体２１の下部に分離する。したがって、サイクロン分離器２０から排出される濃縮水は、遠心分離により分離される重質画分、つまり相対的に比重や粒径が大きく、分散媒である水（塩水）よりも大きい遠心力が作用する固形物の濃度が上昇した水である。 The cyclone separator 20 introduces environmental water tangentially into a cylindrical cyclone body 21, centrifugally separates solids including microplastics contained in the environmental water, and discharges a mainstream with a reduced solids concentration. Concentrated water enriched with plastics and other solids is separated in the lower part of the cyclone body 21. Therefore, the concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 is a heavy fraction separated by centrifugation, that is, it has a relatively large specific gravity and particle size, and has a larger centrifugal force than water (salt water) as a dispersion medium. It is water with an increased concentration of active solids.
　排出ライン３０は、サイクロン分離器２０のサイクロン本体２１の下端からマイクロプラスチックの存在量を高めた濃縮水を排出する。排出ライン３０は、サイクロン分離器２０からの濃縮水の排出量ひいては濃縮水の固形物濃度を調整するために、調整弁３１が設けられてもよい。また、排出ライン３０は、固形物回収部４０を通過した水、つまり固形物を分離除去した水を環境水ライン１０のサイクロン分離器２０の下流側に還流させてもよい。本実施形態の排出ライン３０は、固形物回収部４０を通過した水を昇圧して、固形物を分離除去した水を環境水ライン１０に還流できるよう、還流ポンプ３２を有する。さらに、本実施形態の排出ライン３０は、還流ポンプ３２の吸込み側に圧力スイッチ３３を有する。圧力スイッチ３３は、固形物回収部４０における圧力損失が増大したときに還流ポンプ３２が吸込み側に生じさせる負圧を検出することで固形物回収部４０の閉塞を検知するために用いられ得る。また、本実施形態の排出ライン３０は、固形物回収部４０の上流側に遮断弁３４を有する。 The discharge line 30 discharges concentrated water enriched with microplastics from the lower end of the cyclone body 21 of the cyclone separator 20. The discharge line 30 may be provided with a regulating valve 31 in order to adjust the amount of concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 and thus the solids concentration of the concentrated water. Further, the discharge line 30 may return the water that has passed through the solids recovery section 40 , that is, the water from which solids have been separated and removed, to the downstream side of the cyclone separator 20 in the environmental water line 10 . The discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a reflux pump 32 so that the water that has passed through the solids recovery section 40 can be pressurized and the water from which solids have been separated and removed can be returned to the environmental water line 10 . Furthermore, the discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a pressure switch 33 on the suction side of the reflux pump 32. The pressure switch 33 can be used to detect blockage of the solids recovery section 40 by detecting the negative pressure generated on the suction side by the reflux pump 32 when the pressure loss in the solids recovery section 40 increases. Further, the discharge line 30 of this embodiment has a cutoff valve 34 upstream of the solids recovery section 40.
　サイクロン分離器２０で分離される固形物の量は濃縮水の流量によって大きく変動しないが、濃縮水の流量が小さ過ぎると固形物が沈殿して閉塞を起こすおそれがある。排出ライン３０によりサイクロン分離器２０から排出される濃縮水の流量としては、環境水ライン１０の下流側の主流の流量減少を抑制するために、マイクロプラスチックを含む固形物を流動させて排出できる最低限の流量とすることが好ましく、具体的には、サイクロン分離器２０に導入される環境水の５％以下が好ましく３％以下がより好ましい。 The amount of solids separated by the cyclone separator 20 does not vary greatly depending on the flow rate of concentrated water, but if the flow rate of concentrated water is too small, solids may precipitate and cause blockage. The flow rate of the concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator 20 through the discharge line 30 is set to the minimum that can flow and discharge solids including microplastics, in order to suppress the decrease in the flow rate of the mainstream downstream of the environmental water line 10. It is preferable to set the flow rate to a limit, and specifically, the flow rate is preferably 5% or less of the environmental water introduced into the cyclone separator 20, and more preferably 3% or less.
　固形物回収部４０は、濃縮水からマイクロプラスチックを含む固形物を分離回収する。本実施形態の固形物回収部４０は、例えばストレーナ等の濾過装置４１を有する。排出ライン３０が通過した水を系外排出する場合、固形物回収部４０は、例えば濾し網等を配置して適宜マイクロプラスチックを含む固形物を回収可能な排水機構であってもよく、例えば凝集沈殿、気泡による浮上等の方法でマイクロプラスチックを回収可能とするために排出される濃縮水を貯留する水槽を有する構成とされてもよい。 The solid matter recovery unit 40 separates and recovers solid matter containing microplastics from the concentrated water. The solids recovery unit 40 of this embodiment includes a filtration device 41 such as a strainer, for example. When the water that has passed through the discharge line 30 is discharged to the outside of the system, the solid matter recovery unit 40 may be a drainage mechanism that can appropriately collect solid matter containing microplastics by disposing a filter net or the like, for example, by disposing a filter net or the like. The structure may include a water tank for storing concentrated water discharged in order to make it possible to collect microplastics by a method such as precipitation or flotation by bubbles.
　固形物回収部４０は、濾過装置４１の閉塞を検出するために、濾過装置４１の差圧を検出する差圧計４２を有することが好ましい。差圧計４２によって濾過装置４１の閉塞が検出された場合、濾過装置４１の濾材の洗浄または交換が行われるが、この間、調整弁３１と遮断弁３４を閉止しサイクロン分離器２０から排出ライン３０への濃縮水の排出を停止してもよく、濃縮水の流量は相対的に小さく一時的に濃縮水の排出を停止しても安定して環境水を通水できる。需要設備が許容する場合には固形物回収部４０をバイパスして環境水ライン１０に還流させてもよい。また、固形物回収部４０は、通水を停止することなく濾過装置４１の濾材の洗浄または交換を可能にするために、並列かつ選択可能に配設される複数の濾過装置４１を有してもよい。 It is preferable that the solids recovery unit 40 has a differential pressure gauge 42 that detects the differential pressure of the filtration device 41 in order to detect blockage of the filtration device 41. When blockage of the filtration device 41 is detected by the differential pressure gauge 42, the filter medium of the filtration device 41 is cleaned or replaced. During this time, the regulating valve 31 and the shutoff valve 34 are closed, and the flow from the cyclone separator 20 to the discharge line 30 is performed. The flow rate of concentrated water is relatively small, and even if discharge of concentrated water is temporarily stopped, environmental water can be stably passed through. If the demand equipment allows, the solids recovery section 40 may be bypassed and the water may be returned to the environmental water line 10. In addition, the solids recovery unit 40 includes a plurality of filtration devices 41 that are selectively arranged in parallel to enable cleaning or replacement of the filter medium of the filtration device 41 without stopping water flow. Good too.
　マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、船舶の主機冷却水など本来の取水目的を優先させつつ環境水からマイクロプラスチックを回収するシステムであって、環境水の流量への影響を与えないようにマイクロプラスチックを多く含む（濃度を高めた）環境水の重質画分を分離する機構と、少量に絞り込まれた環境水の重質画分からマイクロプラスチックを効率的に回収する機構を含む。マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、環境水の主流が流通する環境水ライン１０に遠心分離により環境水中のマイクロプラスチックを含む固形物を除去するサイクロン分離器２０を設け、サイクロン分離器２０からマイクロプラスチックの存在量を高めた濃縮水を排出ライン３０に排出する構成としたことにより、フィルタシステムの場合に発生するマイクロプラスチック回収に伴う環境水の流量変動を抑制し、環境水ラインの流量を安定化した。このため、船舶の主機の冷却水等からマイクロプラスチックを回収する場合、主機への悪影響を回避してマイクロプラスチックを回収することができる。フィルタ方式では環境水中のマイクロプラスチック等の浮遊固形物の濃度によりフィルタ逆洗あるいはフィルタ交換の間隔は変動し、浮遊固形物の濃度が高い場合の間隔は短く（例えば数時間以内）、浮遊固形物の濃度が低い場合の間隔は長くなる（例えば１週間以内）。サイクロン方式ではこうした運転の中断が無く、航海中の任意の期間中連続して運転することができる。 Microplastic recovery system 1 is a system that collects microplastics from environmental water while prioritizing the original purpose of water intake, such as cooling water for the main engine of a ship, and collects a large amount of microplastics so as not to affect the flow rate of environmental water. It includes a mechanism that separates the heavy fraction of environmental water containing (increased concentration) and a mechanism that efficiently recovers microplastics from the heavy fraction of environmental water that has been narrowed down to a small amount. The microplastic recovery system 1 includes a cyclone separator 20 that removes solid matter containing microplastics from the environmental water by centrifugation in an environmental water line 10 through which the mainstream of environmental water flows, and removes the presence of microplastics from the cyclone separator 20. By configuring the system to discharge an increased amount of concentrated water to the discharge line 30, fluctuations in the flow rate of environmental water due to the recovery of microplastics that occur in the case of a filter system are suppressed, and the flow rate of the environmental water line is stabilized. Therefore, when collecting microplastics from the cooling water of the main engine of a ship, the microplastics can be collected while avoiding any adverse effects on the main engine. In the filter method, the interval between filter backwashing or filter replacement varies depending on the concentration of suspended solids such as microplastics in the environmental water, and when the concentration of suspended solids is high, the interval is short (for example, within a few hours); If the concentration of is low, the interval will be longer (for example, within a week). With the cyclone system, there is no such interruption in operation, and it can be operated continuously during any period during the voyage.
　マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、環境水ラインを流れる比較的比重および粒径が大きいマイクロプラスチックを含む重質画分をサイクロン分離器で濃縮することで、後段の固形物回収部でろ過する水量を低減し効率よくマイクロプラスチックを回収できる。また、固形物回収部の流量は環境水の主流より十分に小さい（５％以下）のため、フィルタ圧損が上昇或いはフィルタ閉塞の場合や、フィルタ交換のために排出ライン３０を遮断した場合でも環境水ラインの流量に与える影響は極めて小さく環境水を安定的に流通できる。 Microplastics recovery system 1 reduces the amount of water to be filtered in the subsequent solids recovery section by concentrating the heavy fraction containing microplastics with relatively large specific gravity and particle size flowing through the environmental water line using a cyclone separator. Microplastics can be collected efficiently. In addition, since the flow rate of the solids recovery section is sufficiently smaller (5% or less) than the mainstream of environmental water, the environmental The effect on the flow rate of the water line is extremely small, and environmental water can be stably distributed.
　以上、本発明の各実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上述した実施形態に限定されることなく、種々の変更および変形が可能である。例として、マイクロプラスチック回収システム１は、需要設備の後段に設けられて環境水の流量を安定的に供給するものであってもよい。 Although each embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made. As an example, the microplastic recovery system 1 may be provided downstream of demand equipment to stably supply a flow rate of environmental water.
　１　マイクロプラスチック回収システム
　１０　環境水ライン
　１１　流通状態検知器
　２０　サイクロン分離器
　２１　サイクロン本体
　３０　排出ライン
　３１　調整弁
　３２　還流ポンプ
　３３　圧力スイッチ
　４０　固形物回収部
　４１　濾過装置
　４２　差圧計 1 Microplastic recovery system 10 Environmental water line 11 Flow condition detector 20 Cyclone separator 21 Cyclone body 30 Discharge line 31 Adjustment valve 32 Reflux pump 33 Pressure switch 40 Solids recovery section 41 Filtration device 42 Differential pressure gauge

Claims (5)

  1. 　環境水からマイクロプラスチックを回収するマイクロプラスチック回収システムであって、
    　環境水の主流が流通する環境水ラインと、
    　前記環境水ラインに配設され、環境水の主流からマイクロプラスチックの存在量を高めた濃縮水を分離するサイクロン分離器と、
    　前記サイクロン分離器から濃縮水を排出する排出ラインと、
    　前記排出ラインに配設され、濃縮水からマイクロプラスチックを回収する固形物回収部と、
    を備える、マイクロプラスチック回収システム。     A microplastic collection system that collects microplastics from environmental water,
    The environmental water line where the mainstream of environmental water is distributed,
    a cyclone separator that is disposed in the environmental water line and separates concentrated water with an increased amount of microplastics from the mainstream of environmental water;
    a discharge line for discharging concentrated water from the cyclone separator;
    a solids recovery unit disposed in the discharge line and recovering microplastics from the concentrated water;
    A microplastic collection system equipped with
  2. 　前記排出ラインから排出される濃縮水は、遠心分離により分離される重質画分である請求項１に記載のマイクロプラスチック回収システム。 The microplastic recovery system according to claim 1, wherein the concentrated water discharged from the discharge line is a heavy fraction separated by centrifugation.
  3. 　前記排出ラインは、前記固形物回収部を通過した水を前記環境水ラインの前記サイクロン分離器の下流側に還流させる、請求項１または２に記載のマイクロプラスチック回収システム。 The microplastic recovery system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the discharge line returns the water that has passed through the solids recovery section to the downstream side of the cyclone separator in the environmental water line.
  4. 　前記サイクロン分離器から排出される濃縮水の流量は、前記サイクロン分離器に導入される環境水の流量の５％以下である、請求項１または２に記載のマイクロプラスチック回収システム。 The microplastic recovery system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flow rate of concentrated water discharged from the cyclone separator is 5% or less of the flow rate of environmental water introduced into the cyclone separator.
  5. 　前記環境水ラインまたは前記サイクロン分離器に配設され、環境水の流量または圧力を検知する流通状態検知器をさらに備える、請求項１または２に記載のマイクロプラスチック回収システム。 The microplastic recovery system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a flow state detector that is disposed in the environmental water line or the cyclone separator and detects the flow rate or pressure of the environmental water.
PCT/JP2023/033328 2022-09-16 2023-09-13 Microplastic recovery system WO2024058203A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022067738A (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-05-09 三浦工業株式会社 Floating contaminant recovery device and floating contaminant recovery system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2022067738A (en) * 2020-10-21 2022-05-09 三浦工業株式会社 Floating contaminant recovery device and floating contaminant recovery system

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
ANONYMOUS: "Trial installation of a new microplastic collection device that can collect at any time during navigation -Collecting microplastics from oceans all around the world and contributing to marine environment conservation in wide ocean areas-.", MITSUI O.S.K. LINES, LTD. MIURA CO., LTD., 5 July 2022 (2022-07-05), XP093146259, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.miuraz.co.jp/news/2022/07/e898414f2be835b311bc94344371375b0783175f.pdf> [retrieved on 20240327] *

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