WO2024056917A1 - Système de commande de balayage par rayons x - Google Patents

Système de commande de balayage par rayons x Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024056917A1
WO2024056917A1 PCT/ES2022/070576 ES2022070576W WO2024056917A1 WO 2024056917 A1 WO2024056917 A1 WO 2024056917A1 ES 2022070576 W ES2022070576 W ES 2022070576W WO 2024056917 A1 WO2024056917 A1 WO 2024056917A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cathode
current
controller
clr1
anode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2022/070576
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Ángel DÍAZ CARMENA
José Luis MOLINA CASLA
Agustín MIRÓN QUIRÓS
Original Assignee
Sociedad Española De Electromedicina Y Calidad, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sociedad Española De Electromedicina Y Calidad, S.A. filed Critical Sociedad Española De Electromedicina Y Calidad, S.A.
Priority to AU2022478568A priority Critical patent/AU2022478568A1/en
Priority to EP22808862.1A priority patent/EP4426071A1/fr
Priority to PCT/ES2022/070576 priority patent/WO2024056917A1/fr
Publication of WO2024056917A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024056917A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/085—Circuit arrangements particularly adapted for X-ray tubes having a control grid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/70—Circuit arrangements for X-ray tubes with more than one anode; Circuit arrangements for apparatus comprising more than one X ray tube or more than one cathode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/30—Controlling
    • H05G1/34—Anode current, heater current or heater voltage of X-ray tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/56—Switching-on; Switching-off

Definitions

  • the object of the present invention is an X-ray scanning control system composed of a multiplicity of emitters and at least one X-ray receiver arranged so that an object is placed between the multiplicity of transmitters and the at least one receiver to take an image of the same, where only one transmitter can be emitting at a given moment in order not to distort the image obtained, so that once the emission has been carried out and completed by a X-ray emitter begins the emission by another emitter that until said emission ends or is deactivated, the next one will not begin.
  • the present invention is characterized by the special design and configuration of each and every one of the elements that are part of the scanning system and particularly the activation and deactivation system of each of the X-ray emitters in order to increase the scanning speed. scanning.
  • control system 3D scans and/or tomosynthesis or any other type of scan can be performed.
  • the present invention is limited within the field of scanning devices and particularly among those that use X-ray devices.
  • X-ray imaging is one of the most widely used techniques to visualize the internal structures of the object and is used in a variety of applications such as healthcare, security monitoring, non-destructive testing, etc.
  • One of the known limitations of flat 2D images is that there is structural noise in the image, caused by the superposition of multiple objects (or tissues in the case of healthcare images) in the x-ray beam.
  • Various techniques such as computed tomography and tomosynthesis are used to create 3D or multi-slice images of the object.
  • the invention presented is based on another principle: the use of multiple multiple.
  • the scanning system faces several problems inherent to the physics of the X-ray emitter: •
  • the positive bias voltage of the grid with respect to the cathode is several KV (between 0.5kV and 10kV) and has to be controlled from the ground level.
  • the high voltage power supply that feeds the anode is of the order of 20KV-180 KV, it must also be connected to ground, in order to measure the anode current quickly, easily and safely.
  • a first solution known from the state of the art is the one shown in Figures 1 to 5.
  • the way to do this is by directly controlling the cathode current (IK) with a cathode current demand value (DIK), which has been pre-calibrated in a separate process, which in turn will control the anode current (IA), which It is what produces the emission of X-rays.
  • IK cathode current
  • DIK cathode current demand value
  • FIG 2 the block diagram of this embodiment of the state of the art can be seen.
  • a cathode current demand value (DIK) obtained through a previous calibration process that is used to obtain the desired value of the anode current (IA), said value being cathode current demand (DIK) the reference for a driver (CLR1).
  • the output of the driver (CLR1) attacks the gate of a high voltage transistor (Q1) (Mosfet or IGBT), which controls the cathode current (IK), according to the current demand value (DIK) at its entrance.
  • Q1 high voltage transistor
  • the controller (CLR1) uses the cathode current (IK) as a feedback value to control the transistor gate current (Q1).
  • the controller (CLR1) will preferably be of the integrative type, but could be of another similar type.
  • Figure 3 represents in detail a very determining factor that must be taken into account.
  • This determining factor is the parasitic capacitance between the grid and the cathode (CGK) of the X-ray tube.
  • This capacity has a typical value between 15pF to 30pF, which, although it seems a practically negligible value, since it has to be charged, typically between 0.5kV and 10kV, and having to do it in a typical time of between 5ps to 15ps, it requires a Constant charging current of 10mA-100mA.
  • IA anode current
  • the down transition time or deactivation time is the expected 5-15ps time, because it is the response time of the controller (CLR1) with the transistor (Q1), which directly cuts the total current of the circuit, including the anode current (IA).
  • the object of the present invention is the control of a scanning system using where only one emitter can be emitting at a given moment, that is, once the emission has been carried out and completed by an interest.
  • control system 3D scans and/or tomosynthesis or any other type of scan can be performed.
  • the geometry adopted by the multiplicity of emitters and the at least one receiver can be any of the known ones, and in no case limiting, so that the object to be scanned is located between the multiplicity of emitters and the at least one receiver.
  • it is a scanning system for multiple X-ray emitting sources, where the geometry on which the multiple emitting sources are arranged is not limiting.
  • the transmission time of each transmitter must be extremely short, in the order of 5ps-15ps.
  • the transient activation and deactivation times of the emitters must be as short as possible, always less than 5ps. To do this, the fastest and most efficient way to do it is with a linear controller of the grid current, which in turn is controlled and corrected by the real-time measurement of the anode current.
  • the solution proposed in the present invention consists of connecting all the grids to the positive of a single power supply while the negative of said power supply is connected to ground, so there would be as many independent current controllers as there are pairs of emitters - receivers. there is, but only a single power source.
  • the main idea of the invention is to directly control the anode current instead of the cathode current to avoid the negative effects described above.
  • control system has a controller that has as reference the current demand of the anode, which is what produces the emission of the X-rays, while the feedback of the controller is the real current of the anode. This control avoids the need to calibrate the cathode current demand based on the anode current.
  • the controller avoids the need to recalibrate the emitters due to their degradation due to the type and time of use, because it always keeps each and every one of the emitters in perfect state of precision due to the closed control loop.
  • the controller is preferably of the PID type, but another type of control could be applied.
  • the integral part of the controller corrects errors and adjusts the accuracy of the anode current (IA), while the differential part makes the charging of the parasitic capacitance between the grid and the cathode faster, greatly improving the transient activation time. or rise time.
  • the deactivation times or drop times are reduced by means of a signal applied to a buffer, causing the gate of the control transistor to be short-circuited, without having to wait. to the response of the CLR1 controller.
  • the CLR1 controller can apply an overcurrent during the rise time of the cathode current, to quickly charge the parasitic capacitance between the grid and the cathode. This overcurrent stops when the CGK capacitor is fully charged and in a stable state.
  • FIG. 2 shows the block diagram of the cathode current control (I K) of this embodiment of the state of the art shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG 3 represents in detail the parasitic capacity between the grid and the cathode (CGK) of the X-ray tube.
  • CGK cathode
  • FIG 4 we can see the graph of the cathode current (IK) and how the controller (CLR1) perfectly controls the cathode current (IK).
  • Figure 5 shows the graph of the anode current (IA) in relation to time and how the time necessary to reach a desired value is lengthened due to the effect of the parasitic capacitance between the grid and the cathode (CGK).
  • FIG. 7 shows the block diagram of the control used in the embodiment object of the invention, which consists of directly controlling the anode current (IA).
  • IA anode current
  • FIG. 8 shows in detail the deactivation of the exposure, by means of an EXP signal.
  • Figure 9 shows a graph of the cathode current (IK) versus time and how the CLR1 controller applies an overcurrent during the rise time (t1) of the cathode current (IK), to quickly charge the parasitic capacitance. between the grid and the cathode (CGK).
  • Figure 10 shows the graph of the anode current (IA) in relation to time where the reduced activation time (t1) and deactivation time (t3) achieved can be seen, comparing figures 5 and 10.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show an embodiment according to the known state of the art and explained in the background section of the invention.
  • Figure 6 shows the embodiment object of the invention, where all the grids (G) are connected to the positive pole of a single power source (Gps), while the negative pole of said power source (Gps) is connected to ground, requiring as many current controllers as there are X-ray emitter-receiver pairs, where said current controllers comprise at least one transistor (Q1) and a controller (CLR1) where the anode current (IA) is controlled instead of the cathode current (IK), to avoid the negative effects described above.
  • Q1 transistor
  • CLR1 controller
  • FIG7 shows a possible embodiment of the anode intensity control (IA), in which the controller (CLR1) comprises a comparator (COMP) that has as reference the anode intensity demand (DIA), which is the one that produces the emission of the It can be applied directly to the gate of the transistor (Q1) that controls the cathode current (IK).
  • the controller comprises a comparator (COMP) that has as reference the anode intensity demand (DIA), which is the one that produces the emission of the It can be applied directly to the gate of the transistor (Q1) that controls the cathode current (IK).
  • COMP comparator
  • the controller avoids the need to calibrate the cathode current demand (DIK) as a function of the anode current (IA).
  • CLR1 controller
  • the control (G(s)) of the controller (CLR1) may be of the PID type, but another type of control could be applied.
  • the integral part of the driver corrects errors and adjusts the accuracy of the anode current (IA), while the differential part makes the charging of parasitic capacitance between grid and cathode (CGK) faster, greatly improving the transient activation time or rise time.
  • a Buffer can be provided in charge of delivering the necessary current to the gate of the transistor (Q1), to improve its response time. , both in the activation and deactivation of the X-ray exposure.
  • FIG8 shows in detail the buffer, which comprises a signal (EXP).
  • the controller (CLR1) has a response time similar to the activation time, that is, 5ps. However, this time can be drastically reduced to the range of nanoseconds, by short-circuiting the gate of Q1 through the buffer, when the signal (EXP) is turned off without having to wait for the response of the CLR1 controller.
  • FIG 9 shows how the controller (CLR1) can apply an overcurrent during the rise time (t1) of the cathode current (IK), to quickly charge the parasitic capacitance between the grid and the cathode (CGK). This overcurrent ceases when the parasitic capacity between the grid and the cathode (CGK) is fully charged and in a stable state, which is represented by the stabilization time (t2).
  • the control system receives the end of exposure signal, in which the gate of the transistor (Q1) is short-circuited by the Buffer and its current (including IA) is optimally extinguished in nanoseconds.

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  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de commande de balayage par rayons X qui comprend plusieurs émetteurs et au moins un récepteur disposés face à face de sorte qu'un seul émetteur puisse émettre à un moment déterminé et ainsi successivement jusqu'à la réalisation de l'exposition, chaque émetteur de rayons X comprenant une anode (A) connectée à une source unique d'alimentation (Aps), ainsi qu'une grille (G) et une cathode (K), à chaque cathode étant connecté au moins un contrôleur (CLR1) qui commande le courant d'anode (IA) et chaque contrôleur (CRL1) comprenant un comparateur (COMP) qui a comme référence la demande en courant de l'anode (DIA), et la réalimentation du comparateur (COMP) est le courant réel de l'anode (IA). On évite ainsi l'étalonnage de la valeur de la demande en courant de la cathode, on assure le maintien de l'état de précision dans tous les émetteurs de rayons X et on raccourcit le temps de transition d'activation et de désactivation.
PCT/ES2022/070576 2022-09-12 2022-09-12 Système de commande de balayage par rayons x WO2024056917A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2022478568A AU2022478568A1 (en) 2022-09-12 2022-09-12 X-ray scanning control system
EP22808862.1A EP4426071A1 (fr) 2022-09-12 2022-09-12 Système de commande de balayage par rayons x
PCT/ES2022/070576 WO2024056917A1 (fr) 2022-09-12 2022-09-12 Système de commande de balayage par rayons x

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2022/070576 WO2024056917A1 (fr) 2022-09-12 2022-09-12 Système de commande de balayage par rayons x

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024056917A1 true WO2024056917A1 (fr) 2024-03-21

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AU (1) AU2022478568A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024056917A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090022264A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Zhou Otto Z Stationary x-ray digital breast tomosynthesis systems and related methods
US9390880B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-07-12 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Method for driving multi electric field emission devices and multi electric field emission system
US20180184990A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2018-07-05 Vatech Co., Ltd. Portable x-ray generation device having electric field emission x-ray source
US10600605B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2020-03-24 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus for aging field emission device and aging method thereof
KR20200111513A (ko) * 2019-03-19 2020-09-29 김상수 엑스레이 제어 장치

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20090022264A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-22 Zhou Otto Z Stationary x-ray digital breast tomosynthesis systems and related methods
US9390880B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2016-07-12 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Method for driving multi electric field emission devices and multi electric field emission system
US20180184990A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2018-07-05 Vatech Co., Ltd. Portable x-ray generation device having electric field emission x-ray source
US10600605B2 (en) * 2017-09-08 2020-03-24 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Apparatus for aging field emission device and aging method thereof
KR20200111513A (ko) * 2019-03-19 2020-09-29 김상수 엑스레이 제어 장치

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EP4426071A1 (fr) 2024-09-04
AU2022478568A1 (en) 2024-08-08

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