WO2024054912A1 - Système et procédés de traitement de données de réseau - Google Patents
Système et procédés de traitement de données de réseau Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024054912A1 WO2024054912A1 PCT/US2023/073642 US2023073642W WO2024054912A1 WO 2024054912 A1 WO2024054912 A1 WO 2024054912A1 US 2023073642 W US2023073642 W US 2023073642W WO 2024054912 A1 WO2024054912 A1 WO 2024054912A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- timestamp
- data frame
- information
- clock rate
- frame
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0658—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
- H04J3/0673—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes using intermediate nodes, e.g. modification of a received timestamp before further transmission to the next packet node, e.g. including internal delay time or residence time into the packet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0685—Clock or time synchronisation in a node; Intranode synchronisation
- H04J3/0697—Synchronisation in a packet node
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
- H04J3/02—Details
- H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
- H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
- H04J3/0638—Clock or time synchronisation among nodes; Internode synchronisation
- H04J3/0658—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes
- H04J3/0661—Clock or time synchronisation among packet nodes using timestamps
- H04J3/0667—Bidirectional timestamps, e.g. NTP or PTP for compensation of clock drift and for compensation of propagation delays
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to network data processing, and more particularly to processing of network transactions in a packet-switched communication network.
- Clock synchronization is important in many network communication applications, such as real-time audio and video transmission.
- Many such networks use Ethernet as a communication medium.
- the common timebase may be used, for example, to trigger coordinated measurement actions in a network of sensors, to coordinate actions of controllers in an industrial system, or to synchronize clocks of mobile/cellular radio base stations.
- the system may include computers and communication devices, such as routers and switches.
- the IEEE802.1AS protocol also called Generalized Precision Time Protocol (gPTP) is one protocol for accurately transferring time information over Ethernet networks. It is designed to be a software protocol and was initially targeted to Audio- Video Bridging (AVB) networks, but has recently been re-purposed for Time Sensitive Networking (TSN) applications, including low-latency networks and industrial automation.
- gPTP Generalized Precision Time Protocol
- frames are forwarded to a local central processing unit (CPU) in the switch that receives the frames and performs frame modifications.
- CPU central processing unit
- These software operations in a local CPU significantly increase the time that the data frames are inside the Ethernet switch, called the residence time, since the software processing is much slower than the hardware forwarding.
- the gPTP protocol also runs a separate software routine that measures the frequency difference between the local timebase in the Ethernet switch and the gPTP grandmaster clock source.
- the calculation of the frequency difference between the local timebase and the grandmaster clock source is a product of calculations done in all previous gPTP bridges between the grandmaster clock source and respective individual bridges and is impacted by the timestamp accuracy of these systems, so the accuracy of this frequency difference will deteriorate with the number of nodes in a given network.
- the accuracy of the residence time depends on the accuracy of the measured RateRatio (frequency difference between the local time reference and the grandmaster clock source time reference) and is multiplied by the residence time, so keeping the residence time low is the best way to increase the time transfer accuracy of a gPTP bridge.
- a solution is needed to reduce the residence time in network data processing.
- a device comprising an ingress port comprising a timestamp circuit to determine a first timestamp information based on a received data frame and to update the received data frame based on the first timestamp information to create a timestamped data frame, the ingress port to output the timestamped data frame, an output circuit comprising one or more egress ports to receive updated and timestamped data frames and modified and timestamp data frames, wherein the egress ports comprise a timestamp circuit to determine egress timestamp information and to save egress timestamp information to a timestamp memory, the output circuit to output data frame, a frame analyzer to receive the timestamped data frame from the ingress port and forward the timestamped data frame to a processor, the processor comprising a timestamp extractor to extract the first timestamp information from the timestamped data frame and to read egress timestamp information from the timestamp memory, a time calculator with inputs coupled to receive the first timestamp information and egress timestamp information, the time calculator to
- a system including a plurality of network devices, wherein respective ones of a plurality of network devices are coupled to at least one other of the plurality of network devices, each respective ones of the network devices comprising an ingress port comprising a timestamp circuit to determine a first timestamp information based on a received data frame and to update the received data frame based on the first timestamp information to create a timestamped data frame, the ingress port to output the timestamped data frame, an output circuit comprising one or more egress ports to receive updated and timestamped data frames and modified and timestamp data frames, wherein the egress ports comprise a timestamp circuit to determine egress timestamp information and save egress timestamp information to a timestamp memory, the output circuit to output data frames, a frame analyzer to receive the timestamped data frame from the ingress port and forward the timestamped data frame to a processor, the processor comprising a timestamp extractor to extract the first timestamp information from the timestamped data frame and to read
- a method comprising receiving a first data frame at an ingress port and generating a first timestamped data frame at the ingress port, transmitting first timestamped data frame to a processor, extracting the first timestamp information from the first data frame, reading a second timestamp information from a timestamp memory, calculating residence times and peer delays based on the first and second timestamp information, extracting clock rate information from the first data frame, calculating updated clock rate information based at least on the extracted clock rate information, generating an updated and timestamped data frame based at least on the updated clock rate information, and transmitting the updated and timestamped data frame on an egress port.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates one of various examples of a device for network data processing.
- FIGURE 2 illustrates one of various examples of a sequence of network data transactions.
- FIGURE 3 illustrates one of various examples of a sequence of network data transactions.
- FIGURE 4 illustrates a method for network data processing according to one of various examples.
- FIGURE 1 illustrates one of various examples of a device 100 for receiving and transmitting network data transactions.
- Device 100 may be comprised of primary device 110 and one or more relay devices 115.
- Relay device 115 may be a switch or a bridge device according to the gPTP protocol.
- Primary device 110 may transmit a data frame 111 to one or more relay devices 115, which data frame 111 may be received by a respective relay device 115.
- Data frame 111 may be transmitted over a single wire or may be transmitted over a bussed connection.
- Departure timestamp information may be stored in primary device 110, the departure timestamp information reflective of the departure time of the data frame from primary device 110.
- the data frame may be received at ingress port 120.
- Ingress port 120 may include timestamp circuit 125. Timestamp circuit 125 may determine arrival timestamp information reflective of the arrival time of the data frame at ingress port 120, the arrival time also referred to as tr. Timestamp circuit 125 may append arrival timestamp information to the received data frame to produce a timestamped data frame 127. Arrival timestamp information may also be termed first timestamp information.
- the timestamped data frame 127 may be output by ingress port 120 and may be received by frame analyzer 140.
- Frame analyzer 140 may control processing of data frames in secondary device 115 via control interface 157, the control based at least on information in the received timestamped data frame 127.
- Frame analyzer 140 may forward the timestamped data frame 127 to rewriter circuit 150.
- Rewriter circuit 150 may receive the timestamped data frame 127 from frame analyzer 140 and frame analyzer 140 may instruct rewriter circuit 150 to modify predetermined data fields in timestamped data frame 127 for at least one egress port.
- the example of FIGURE 1 includes three egress ports, but this is not intended to be limiting.
- frame analyzer 140 may instruct rewriter circuit 150 to modify predetermined data fields in timestamped data frame 127 for egress ports 161, 162 and 163, and rewriter circuit 150 may create a modified and timestamped data frame for respective egress ports 161, 162, and 163.
- rewriter circuit 150 may modify the Media Access Control (MAC) address information in the received data frame for respective egress ports 161, 162 and 163.
- MAC Media Access Control
- Rewriter circuit 150 may modify other data in the received timestamped data frame 127.
- the rewriter circuit 150 may forward the modified and timestamped data frames 155 to output circuit 160.
- Output circuit 160 may contain one or more egress ports.
- output circuit 160 may contain three egress ports 161, 162 and 163.
- the output circuit 160 may update timestamp memory 170 with egress timestamp information for respective egress ports 161, 162, 163.
- Egress timestamp information may be reflective of the departure time of the modified and timestamped data frame 155 at the respective egress ports.
- the example illustrated in FIGURE 1 includes 3 egress ports, 161, 162 and 163, but this is not intended to be limiting.
- One of various examples may include more egress ports than the number of egress ports illustrated in FIGURE 1 or may include fewer egress ports than the number illustrated in FIGURE 1.
- Timestamp memory 170 may be a random-access memory, a first-in first-out (FIFO), or another memory component.
- Frame analyzer 140 may additionally forward the timestamped data frame 127 to processor 130.
- Processor 130 may receive the timestamped data frame 127 from frame analyzer 140.
- a timestamp extractor 131 may extract the timestamp information, tr, from timestamped data frame 127.
- Processor 130 may read the egress timestamps, t s , for egress ports from the egress timestamp memory 170. Respective timestamps may be indicated as tsn, where n is number from 1 to N, for respective ones of the N egress ports in the timestamp memory 170. Egress timestamps may also be termed second timestamp information.
- a time calculator 132 in processor 130 may calculate the residence time for respective ones of the egress ports, as tsn-tr.
- the value of tsn may represent the egress port timestamp from timestamp memory 170 as described previously, and the value of tr may represent the extracted timestamp information as described previously.
- a clock rate extractor 134 in processor 130 may extract clock rate information from the timestamped data frame 127.
- a clock rate calculator 135 in processor 130 may compute clock rate information based on the extracted clock rate information.
- Clock rate information computed by the clock rate calculator 135 may include one or more clock rate parameters, including but not limited to RateRatio, Correction Field, peer delay and residence time.
- a frame generator 136 in processor 130 may update data fields in the timestamped data frame 127 and output an updated and timestamped data frame 133 to output circuit 160. Updated and timestamped data frame 133 may be transmitted on at least one egress port in output circuit 160.
- the RateRatio between a primary device and a relay device may be defined as the ratio of the frequency of the grandmaster clock source in the primary device to the frequency of the local clock in the relay device.
- the neighborRateRatio between two networked devices may be defined as the ratio of the frequency of the clock at the second networked device to the frequency of the clock at the first networked device.
- the neighborRateRatio may represent the drift in a clock as it traverses between networked devices.
- uRR updated RateRatio
- the frame generator 136 may generate the updated and timestamped data frame 133 based at least on the new Correction Field value and updated RateRatio.
- the modified and timestamped data frame 155 received from rewriter circuit 150 may be transmitted at egress port 161 and transmitted over physical link 181.
- Physical link 181 may be connected to one more network devices.
- Output circuit 160 may save a timestamp generated at the egress of the modified and timestamped data frame 155 from egress port 161 into timestamp memory 170. Timestamp for egress port 161 may be reflective of the time the modified and timestamped data frame 155 may be transmitted on egress port 161. The timestamp for egress port 161 may be read by processor 130 as disclosed previously.
- a modified and timestamped data frame 155 may be transmitted at egress port 162 and transmitted over physical link 182.
- Physical link 182 may be connected to one more network devices.
- Output circuit 160 may save a timestamp generated at the egress of the modified and timestamped data frame 155 from egress port 162 into timestamp memory 170. Timestamp for egress port 162 may be reflective of the time the modified and timestamped data frame 155 may transmitted on egress port 162. The timestamp for egress port 162 may be read by processor 130 as disclosed previously.
- a modified and timestamped data frame 155 be transmitted at egress port 163 and transmitted over physical link 183.
- Physical link 183 may be connected to one more network devices.
- Output circuit 160 may save a timestamp generated at the egress of the modified and timestamped data frame 155 from egress port 163 into timestamp memory 170.
- the timestamp for egress port 163 may be reflective of the time the modified and timestamped data frame 155 may be transmitted on egress port 163.
- the timestamp for egress port 163 may be read by processor 130 as disclosed previously.
- FIGURE 2 illustrates one of various examples of a sequence of transactions in a network.
- the sequence of transactions illustrated in FIGURE 2 may be part of a procedure to calculate various delays between network components, including but not limited to peer delay and residence time.
- Peer delay may be defined as the delay in transmitting a message from one networked device to a second networked device.
- the sequence of transactions illustrated in FIGURE 2 may be received and transmitted by a device as illustrated in FIGURE 1 or may be received and transmitted by another network device.
- Transactions transmitted from, and received at, a primary device 201 are illustrated on the left side vertical axis, and transactions transmitted from, and received at, a secondary device 202 are illustrated on the right side vertical axis.
- the vertical direction may indicate time.
- Primary device 201 may represent a bridge device, a switch device, or another network device capable to receive and transmit network transactions.
- Secondary device 202 may represent a bridge device, a switch device, or another network device capable to receive and transmit network transactions.
- Primary device 201 may send a request frame 215 to secondary device 202.
- Request frame 215 may be sent by primary device 201 at time 210.
- Time 210 may also be termed ti.
- the value of time 210 may be stored as a timestamp in a timestamp storage element in primary device 201, including but not limited to a FIFO or random access memory.
- Request frame 215 may be received at secondary device 202 at time 220.
- Time 220 may also be termed t2.
- the time from time 210 to time 220, illustrated as 231, represents the time for the request frame to traverse the physical network from primary device 201 to secondary device 202.
- secondary device 202 may process request frame 215 as described in reference to FIGURE 1, and clock rate information may be calculated and data frame fields may be updated.
- Secondary device 202 may send response frame 216 at time 221. Time 221 may also be termed t3.
- Response frame 216 may transmit information from secondary device 202 to primary device 201, the information including but not limited to the value of time 220., i.e. t2.
- Secondary device 202 may store the timestamp generated when response frame 216 is transmitted, i.e. t3, in a timestamp storage element in slave device 202, including but not limited to a FIFO or random access memory.
- Response frame 216 may be received at primary device
- Time 212 may also be termed t4.
- the value of time 212 may be stored as a timestamp in a timestamp storage element in primary device 201, including but not limited to a FIFO or random access memory.
- the time duration from time 221 to time 212 may represent the time for the response frame to traverse the network from secondary device 202 to primary device 201.
- Secondary device 202 may send follow-up frame 217 at time 222, which time 222 may be prior to time 212.
- follow-up frame 217 may transmit information from secondary device
- Follow-up frame 217 may be received at primary device 201 at time 213.
- NeighborRateRatio may be computed based on the values of t3 and to in subsequent frames, which may represent the difference in clock rates between primary device 201 and secondary device 202.
- FIGURE 3 illustrates one of various examples of a sequence of transactions received and transmitted by network devices.
- the sequence of transactions may be received and transmitted by network devices as described in FIGURE 1.
- the sequence of transactions may be received and transmitted by network devices not illustrated in FIGURE 1.
- a device 1 may transmit data to a device 2.
- Device 2 may transmit data to another node in a network (not shown). Data may be transmitted from device 1 egress port 301 to device 2 ingress port 321 and then output at device 2 egress port 341.
- Transactions transmitted by device 1 egress port 301 are illustrated along the left side vertical axis
- transactions received by device 2 ingress port 321 are illustrated along the middle vertical axis
- transactions transmitted by device 2 egress port 341 are illustrated along the right side vertical axis.
- the vertical direction may indicate time.
- Device 1 and device 2 may respectively represent a bridge device, a switch device, or another network device capable to receive and transmit network transactions.
- Device 1 and device 2 may represent network devices as described in reference to FIGURE 1.
- device 1 may transmit a sync frame 315 from device 1 egress port 301.
- Sync frame 315 may be received at device 2 ingress port 321 at time 330.
- a timestamp circuit in device 2 ingress port 321 may timestamp the arrival time of sync frame 315 at device 2 ingress port 321 as time tr as described in reference to ingress port 120 of FIGURE 1.
- Internal circuitry in device 2 may forward the timestamped sync frame to a rewriter circuit and the rewriter circuit may modify sync frame information as described in reference to FIGURE 1.
- a processor in device 2 may calculate the residence time of device 2 and the peer delay between device 1 and device 2 as described previously.
- a processor in device 2 may calculate the peer delay and neighborRateRatio as described previously.
- Sync frame 355 may be output at device 2 egress port 341 at time 350, and egress timestamps may be recorded in a timestamp memory, as described in reference to output circuit 160 and timestamp memory 170 of FIGURE 1.
- device 1 may transmit follow-up frame 316 from device 1 egress port 301.
- the follow-up frame 316 may be transmitted at the same time sync frame 315 is received at device 2 ingress port 321, but this is not intended to be limiting.
- follow-up frame 316 may be transmitted by device 1 egress port 301 before or after the arrival of sync frame 315 at device 2 ingress port 321.
- follow-up frame 316 may include timing information, including but not limited to RateRatio (RR) and Correction Field information.
- RR RateRatio
- Correction Field information follow-up frame 316 may be received at device 2 ingress port 321 at time 331.
- Device 2 may compute an updated RateRatio (uRR) and a new Correction Field (nCF) as described in reference to FIGURE 1.
- Device 2 may generate a follow-up frame 356 for device 2 egress port 341 which may be transmitted at time 351.
- the example as described in FIGURE 3 may reduce the residence time as forwarding and processing of data frames is done in hardware.
- device 2 may output a sync frame 355 at time 350, prior to the arrival of the followup frame 316 at time 331.
- FIGURE 4 illustrates a method 400 for network data processing in a network device according to one of various examples.
- a network device may receive a first data frame and generate a first timestamp information.
- the network device may modify the data frame based on the first timestamp information.
- the network device may transmit the modified and timestamped data frame to a processor.
- the processor may read second timestamp information from a timestamp memory.
- processor may calculate residence times and peer delays based on the first and second timestamp information.
- processor may extract clock rate information from the modified and timestamped data frame and calculate updated clock rate information.
- processor may generate an updated and timestamped data frame based on updated clock rate information.
- network device may transmit updated and timestamped data frame at an egress port.
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Abstract
Un système pour les transactions de données de réseau, le système comprenant un port d'entrée pour recevoir des trames de données et horodater les trames de données reçues, un analyseur de trames pour transmettre les trames de données à un processeur, le processeur pour extraire des informations temporelles des trames de données et mettre à jour les trames de données sur la base des calculs temporels mis à jour et sortir les trames de données mises à jour par le biais d'un ou plusieurs ports d'évacuation. Les trames de données sont horodatées au niveau des ports d'entrée et de sortie, et les horodatages de sortie sont enregistrés dans une mémoire d'horodatage. Le système réduit les retards de réseau globaux en utilisant un matériel dédié et des informations d'horodatage stockées.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
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US202263404710P | 2022-09-08 | 2022-09-08 | |
US63/404,710 | 2022-09-08 | ||
US18/098,228 US20240089021A1 (en) | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-18 | System and methods for network data processing |
US18/098,228 | 2023-01-18 |
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PCT/US2023/073642 WO2024054912A1 (fr) | 2022-09-08 | 2023-09-07 | Système et procédés de traitement de données de réseau |
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Citations (4)
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US20120014377A1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2012-01-19 | Thomas Kirkegaard Joergensen | Distributed packet-based timestamp engine |
EP2595331A2 (fr) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | Fujitsu Limited | Appareil de communication pour synchronisation de temps |
WO2019023515A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-01-31 | Aviat Networks, Inc. | Horloge radio transparente distribuée sur un réseau sans fil |
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2023
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US20120014377A1 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2012-01-19 | Thomas Kirkegaard Joergensen | Distributed packet-based timestamp engine |
EP2595331A2 (fr) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | Fujitsu Limited | Appareil de communication pour synchronisation de temps |
WO2019023515A1 (fr) * | 2017-07-26 | 2019-01-31 | Aviat Networks, Inc. | Horloge radio transparente distribuée sur un réseau sans fil |
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