WO2024054731A1 - Structures réfléchissantes - Google Patents

Structures réfléchissantes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024054731A1
WO2024054731A1 PCT/US2023/071130 US2023071130W WO2024054731A1 WO 2024054731 A1 WO2024054731 A1 WO 2024054731A1 US 2023071130 W US2023071130 W US 2023071130W WO 2024054731 A1 WO2024054731 A1 WO 2024054731A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retroreflector
vehicle
holographic
hologram film
axis
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2023/071130
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Xiaofeng Tang
Christopher P CHILD
Original Assignee
Apple Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Apple Inc. filed Critical Apple Inc.
Publication of WO2024054731A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024054731A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/12—Reflex reflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/30—Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/32—Holograms used as optical elements

Definitions

  • This relates generally to reflective structures, and, more particularly, holographic reflective structures.
  • Reflective structures may be used in various systems.
  • the reflective structures may be passive reflective structures, such as retroreflectors, that reflect incident light.
  • a holographic reflective structure such as a holographic retroreflector
  • a holographic retroreflector may be incorporated into a system, such as a building or a vehicle.
  • a holographic retroreflector may be incorporated onto a body, glass portion, and/or taillight of a vehicle.
  • the holographic retroreflector may include a hologram film, on which a physical retroreflector is recorded.
  • the holographic retroreflector may reflect light when viewed on-axis, while appearing transparent when viewed off-axis.
  • the holographic retroreflector may appear as the physical retroreflector on-axis, while allowing an observer to see through the holographic retroreflector to see an underlying surface when viewed off-axis.
  • the hologram film may be applied directly on metal, on painted metal, on glass, or on another desired surface of a system.
  • a protective coating may be applied over the hologram film to protect the hologram film from damage or degradation.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional top view of an illustrative system in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of an illustrative system in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of an illustrative holographic retroreflector on a metal body in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of an illustrative holographic retroreflector on a glass layer in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIGS. 5 is a top view of an illustrative hologram film with a recorded retroreflector in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 6A is a top view of an illustrative holographic retroreflector when viewed by an on-axis observer in accordance with some embodiments.
  • FIG. 6B is a top view of an illustrative holographic retroreflector when viewed by an off-axis observer in accordance with some embodiments.
  • a system such as a vehicle or other system may have reflective structures, such as retroreflectors.
  • retroreflectors may be incorporated into a taillight (i.e., a rear facing light) on the vehicle or may be in an opening on a rear surface of the vehicle body (e.g., on a rear bumper of the vehicle).
  • retroreflectors may be incorporated on sides of the vehicle body or on any other desired portion of the vehicle. While the retroreflectors may improve vehicle safety by reflecting incident light (e.g., from headlights of other vehicles) to alert others of the presence of the vehicle, the retroreflectors may be unsightly even when they are not actively reflecting the incident light.
  • holographic retroreflectors may be used.
  • a holographic retroreflector may include a hologram film that is recorded with a physical retroreflector and applied to a desired portion of a vehicle.
  • the holographic retroreflector may reflect incident light and appear as the physical retroreflector when viewed on-axis, and may be transparent when viewed off-axis, allowing an observer to see through the holographic retroreflector to view underlying structures, such as a vehicle body.
  • other holographic objects may be incorporated into an object or system, as well.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross- sectional top view of an illustrative vehicle to which one or more holographic retroreflectors may be applied.
  • vehicle 10 is the type of vehicle that may carry passengers (e.g., an automobile, truck, or other automotive vehicle).
  • Vehicle 10 may be manually driven (e.g., by a human driver), may be operated via remote control, and/or may be autonomously operated (e.g., by an autonomous vehicle driving system implemented using the control circuitry, sensors, and other components of vehicle 10). If desired, a vehicle driving system (e.g., a computer-assisted driving system that is also optionally used to support fully autonomous driving) may be used to provide vehicle driving assistance functions while vehicle 10 is being driven under manual control.
  • Vehicle 10 may include a body such as body 18.
  • Body 18 may include vehicle structures such as body panels formed from metal and/or other materials, may include doors, a hood, a trunk, fenders, a chassis to which wheels are mounted, a roof, etc.
  • Windows 16 may be formed in doors on the sides S of vehicle body 18, or in other desired portions of vehicle 10, such as on a roof of vehicle 10. Windshield 12 may be formed at front F, and rear window 14 may be formed at rear R of vehicle 10, if desired. Windows 16, windshield 12, rear window 14, doors in body 18, and other portions of body 18 may separate interior region 11 of vehicle 10 from the exterior environment that is surrounding vehicle 10 (exterior region 13).
  • Vehicle 10 may have seating such as seats 24 in interior region 11.
  • Seats 24 may include bucket seats, bench seats, and/or other seats on which vehicle occupants may sit. These seats may include forward-facing seats and/or rear-facing seats.
  • seats 24 include a pair of face-to-face seats 24 in which first and second seats 24 face each other.
  • seats 24 may be oriented so that one or more users face forward as vehicle 10 is driven forward and so that one or more users face rearward as vehicle 10 is driven forward.
  • Right and left seat occupants may sit adjacent to each other on each seat 24 or each seat 24 may accommodate more passengers or fewer passengers.
  • FIG. 1 in which interior region 11 of vehicle 10 contains one or more rearward-facing bucket seats and/or bench seats and one or more forward-facing bucket seats and/or bench seats is illustrative.
  • Vehicle 10 may be provided with one or more input-output components. These components may include displays, speakers, interior and exterior lights, actuators for adjusting the position and motion of structures in vehicle 10, and input devices that gather user input.
  • the input devices may include proximity sensors, touch sensors, force sensors, buttons, etc. Sensors may also be used in vehicle 10 to make measurements on environmental conditions (e.g., ambient light levels, temperatures, etc.).
  • the input-output components may contain wireless circuitry.
  • the wireless circuitry may include ultrawideband (UWB) circuitry, near-field communications circuitry, Bluetooth® circuitry, wireless local area network circuitry, and/or other wireless circuitry.
  • UWB ultrawideband
  • the wireless circuitry may be used to detect nearby devices (e.g., wireless key fobs, portable electronic devices such as wristwatches and cellular telephones emitting UWB signals and/or other short-range wireless signals, etc.).
  • wireless circuitry may be used to detect the presence of a nearby electronic device and vehicle 10 may, in response, use an actuator to unlock a door in vehicle 10.
  • user input may be used to operate vehicle 10.
  • vehicle 10 may include buttons, sensors, steering components (e.g., a steering wheel and steering system), pedals (e.g., an accelerator and brake pedal), and/or other components that serve as controllers for gathering user input to adjust vehicle operations.
  • These input devices may be used for receiving user steering commands, for receiving user navigation commands for an autonomous driving system, for receiving user input to adjust lighting, media playback, heating and air-conditioning, for receiving input to open and close doors (and windows), for receiving input to lock and unlock doors (and windows), for receiving input to otherwise control doors and/or windows, for receiving input to control other vehicle operations, and for receiving other user input.
  • vehicle 10 includes sensor circuitry (e.g., a touch sensor, force sensor, proximity sensor, and/or other sensor(s)) to receive commands from users (e.g., vehicle occupants, users approaching vehicle 10 from the outside, etc.).
  • the sensor circuitry may, as an example, include sensors that allow a user to supply user input that directs one or more electrically adjustable actuators to move a door from a stowed to a deployed position, to open and/or close the door, to lock/unlock the door, to open and/or close a window, etc.
  • vehicle 10 of FIG. 1 may include components 26.
  • Components 26 may include control circuitry and input-output devices.
  • Control circuitry and/or inputoutput devices in components 26 may be configured to operate vehicle systems such as the steering and propulsion system based on user input, to operate vehicle systems such as the steering and propulsion system autonomously in connection with running an autonomous driving application, to run a navigation application (e.g., an application for displaying maps on a display), to run software for controlling vehicle climate control devices, lighting, media playback, window movement, door operations, seating position devices, and/or to support the operation of other vehicle functions.
  • a navigation application e.g., an application for displaying maps on a display
  • software for controlling vehicle climate control devices lighting, media playback, window movement, door operations, seating position devices, and/or to support the operation of other vehicle functions.
  • the control circuitry and/or input-output devices may include processing circuitry and storage and may be configured to perform operations in vehicle 10 using hardware (e.g., dedicated hardware or circuitry), firmware and/or software.
  • Software code for performing operations in vehicle 10 and other data is stored on non-transitory computer readable storage media (e.g., tangible computer readable storage media) in the control circuitry.
  • Remote storage and other remote control circuitry e.g., circuitry on remote servers, etc.
  • the software code may sometimes be referred to as software, data, program instructions, computer instructions, instructions, or code.
  • the non- transitory computer readable storage media may include non-volatile memory such as nonvolatile random-access memory, one or more hard drives (e.g., magnetic drives or solid state drives), one or more removable flash drives or other removable media, or other storage.
  • Software stored on the non-transitory computer readable storage media may be executed on the processing circuitry of components 26 and/or the processing circuitry of remote hardware such as processors associated with one or more remote servers that communicate with components 26 over wired and/or wireless communications links.
  • the processing circuitry may include application-specific integrated circuits with processing circuitry, one or more microprocessors, a central processing unit (CPU) or other processing circuitry.
  • the input-output components (input-output devices) of components 26 may include displays, sensors, buttons (e.g., sensors based on movable button members that press against switches), light-emitting diodes and other light-emitting devices for providing interior and/or exterior lighting, haptic devices, speakers, door locks, actuators for moving portions of doors, windows, and/or other components, and/or other devices such as input devices for gathering environmental measurements, information on vehicle operations, and/or user input.
  • buttons e.g., sensors based on movable button members that press against switches
  • light-emitting diodes and other light-emitting devices for providing interior and/or exterior lighting
  • haptic devices haptic devices
  • speakers haptic devices
  • door locks e.g., actuators for moving portions of doors, windows, and/or other components
  • other devices such as input devices for gathering environmental measurements, information on vehicle operations, and/or user input.
  • the sensors in components 26 may include ambient light sensors, touch sensors, force sensors, proximity sensors (e.g., optical proximity sensors and/or capacitive proximity sensors based on self-capacitance sensors and/or mutual capacitance sensor circuitry), optical sensors such as cameras operating at visible, infrared, and/or ultraviolet wavelengths (e.g., fisheye cameras and/or other cameras), capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, ultrasonic sensors (e.g., ultrasonic distance sensors), microphones, three-dimensional and/or two-dimensional images sensors, radio-frequency sensors such as radar sensors, lidar (light detection and ranging) sensors, door open/close sensors, seat pressure sensors and other vehicle occupant sensors, window sensors, position sensors for monitoring location, orientation, and movement, speedometers, satellite positioning system sensors, and/or other sensors.
  • optical sensors such as cameras operating at visible, infrared, and/or ultraviolet wavelengths (e.g., fisheye cameras and/or other cameras), capacitive sensors, resistive sensors, ultrasonic sensors (e.g., ultra
  • Output devices in components 26 may be used to provide vehicle occupants and others with haptic output (e.g., force feedback, vibrations, etc.), audio output, visual output (e.g., displayed content, light, etc.), and/or other suitable output.
  • Components 26 may be mounted in interior region 13 and/or exterior region 11 and/or may, if desired, be attached to and/or mounted to other portions of body 18.
  • a holographic retroreflector may be incorporated into any desired portion of system 10.
  • a holographic retroreflector may be included on the rear R, on one or both of sides S, or on front F of vehicle 10.
  • a holographic retroreflector may be included in interior 11 of vehicle 10.
  • FIG. 2 An illustrative example in which a holographic retroreflector is incorporated onto rear R is shown in FIG. 2.
  • rear R may include body 18, rear window 14, and lower rear body portion 20.
  • Lower rear body portion 20 may be the same material as body 18, such as a metal body, may be plastic, such as a plastic rear bumper, or may be any other desired material.
  • body 18 and lower rear body portion 20 may be formed from a single, unibody housing that includes a desired material, such as metal and/or glass, or may include multiple pieces of metal and/or glass that together form a rear R that appears continuous to an observer.
  • Holographic retroreflectors may be formed anywhere on rear R.
  • holographic retroreflectors 22 may be directly on lower rear body portion 20, such as by applying a hologram film directly onto lower body portion 20 (e.g., onto the metal, paint, glass, or other material of lower body portion 20).
  • a hologram film directly onto lower body portion 20 (e.g., onto the metal, paint, glass, or other material of lower body portion 20).
  • material may be included between lower body portion 20 and the hologram film, or an opening may be formed within lower body portion 20, and the hologram film may be applied to material in the opening.
  • FIG. 2 shows two holographic retroreflectors 22 on lower rear body portion 20.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may be formed in positions 26.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may be formed adjacent to, or integrally with, taillights 24.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may be formed on a portion of taillights 24, such as on a plastic, glass, or other cover formed over light sources within taillights 24.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may include a hologram film that is applied directly on the cover over taillights 24.
  • material may be included between the cover and the hologram film, or an opening may be formed within the cover of taillights 24, and the hologram film may be applied to material in the opening.
  • FIG. 2 shows one holographic retroreflector in or adjacent to each taillight 24, this is merely illustrative. In general, any desired number of holographic retroreflectors may be incorporated on or adjacent to taillights 24.
  • holographic retroreflectors 22 are shown on lower rear body 20. In general, however, holographic retroreflectors 22 may be incorporated on any desired portions of rear R (or other side of vehicle 10), such as on body 18 or on rear window 14 (or on a portion of a canopy that extends from front F to rear R).
  • the holographic retroreflectors may include a hologram film that has been recorded with the shape and pattern of a physical retroreflector.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may reflect incident light (e.g., light from vehicles that are behind vehicle 10 or light from another external source) to external observers that view the holographic retroreflectors on-axis, such as within 5°, 10°, 15°, or other desired angle from a normal axis of the retroreflector.
  • the holographic retroreflectors may appear transparent, allowing the observers to see the portion of vehicle 10, such as a portion of body 20, body 18, or taillight 24, underneath the holographic retroreflectors.
  • a holographic retroreflector such as holographic retroreflector 22, may be applied on metal 26.
  • Metal 26 may be a body portion of vehicle 10, such as body 18 or body 20, as examples. If desired, metal 26 may be coated with paint 28, and hologram film 30 may be applied onto paint 28 (or directly onto metal 26 or another intervening material in the absence of paint 28).
  • Hologram film 30 may be formed from plastic, such as polyester, polypropylene, nylon, and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • a physical retroreflector may be recorded onto hologram film 30.
  • a laser of a desired color such as a red laser, amber laser, yellow laser, or laser of any other desired color, may be used to illuminate the hologram film and the physical retroreflector.
  • a hologram of the retroreflector may be recorded onto hologram film 30 in a color that matches the color of the laser, such as a red color, amber color, yellow color, or other desired color.
  • hologram film 30 may reflect incident light in the same way as the physical retroreflector.
  • the recorded retroreflector on hologram film 30 may only be visible when viewed on-axis by an observer, such as within 5°, 10°, 15°, or other desired angle from a normal axis of the hologram film, and may be transparent when viewed off-axis by the observer.
  • Protective layer 32 may be formed over hologram film 30.
  • Protective layer 32 may include one or more coatings to protect hologram film 30 after it has been recorded with the retroreflector and applied to metal 26/paint 28.
  • protective layer 32 may be a include a glass layer (e.g., a glazing), a coating that prevents degradation of hologram film 30 that may otherwise occur due to ultraviolet light, and/or any other desired layers.
  • protective layer 32 may be a transparent glazing or transparent protective coating. In this way, hologram film 30 may be prevented from degradation and damage, while providing retroreflective properties on a portion of a vehicle or other system.
  • FIG. 3 shows holographic retroreflector 22 on metal 26 or paint 28 of a vehicle body or other system body, this is merely illustrative. In other embodiments, holographic retroreflectors may be formed on other portions of a vehicle, such as on a glass layer of the vehicle. An illustrative example of a holographic retroreflector formed on a glass portion of a vehicle is shown in FIG. 4.
  • a holographic retroreflector such as holographic retroreflector 22, may be formed on a glass layer, such as frit 34.
  • Frit 34 may be a glass frit layer, and may be a black frit layer, as an example. Frit 34 may form a portion of a body of a vehicle, such as body 18 or body 20, may form a portion of a window, such as rear window 14, or may form any other desired portion of a system, such as vehicle 10.
  • Hologram film 30 may be on frit 34.
  • Hologram film 30 may be formed from plastic, such as polyester, polypropylene, nylon, and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). A physical retroreflector may be recorded onto hologram film 30.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • a laser of a desired color such as a red laser (or a laser of another desired color, such as an amber laser) may be used to illuminate the hologram film and the physical retroreflector.
  • a hologram of the retroreflector may be recorded onto hologram film 30 in a color that matches the color of the laser, such as a red color (or other desired color, such as amber).
  • hologram film 30 may reflect incident light in the same way as the physical retroreflector.
  • the recorded retroreflector on hologram film 30 may only be visible when viewed on-axis, such as within 5°, 10°, 15°, or other desired angle from a normal axis of the hologram film, by an observer, and may be transparent when viewed off-axis by the observer.
  • Glass pane 36 may be formed over hologram film 30.
  • hologram film 30 is formed on frit 34, it may be desirable to have an upper layer of holographic retroreflector 22 be glass, as well. In this way, an appearance of holographic retroreflector 22 may be the same as underlying frit 34 when holographic retroreflector 22 is viewed off-axis and is transparent to an observer.
  • hard coating 38 may be applied over glass pane 36.
  • Hard coating 38 may protect glass pane 36 from an environment in which holographic retroreflector 22 is formed, such as the external environment of a vehicle or other system.
  • hard coating 38 may be a scratch-resistant layer, diamond-like carbon layer, or other desired layer that protects glass pane 36.
  • hard coating 38 may also have properties to protect hologram film 30.
  • hard coating 38 may be formed from one or more layers or one or more materials that protect hologram film 30 from ultraviolet light, which otherwise may degrade hologram film 30.
  • hard coating 30 may include any desired materials to protect the layers of holographic retroreflector 22.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show hologram film 30 formed on metal (with optional paint in between) and frit, respectively, these examples are merely illustrative. In general, a hologram film may be formed on any desired material, such as plastic, ceramic, or sapphire. [0038] Moreover, although FIGS. 3 and 4 show hologram film 30 formed on a planar layer, this is merely illustrative. In some embodiments, hologram film 30 may be flexible and may be applied to surfaces of any other shape, such as curved surfaces, if desired. [0039] Regardless of where a holographic retroreflector is formed, the holographic retroreflector may have a hologram film that is recorded with a physical retroreflector.
  • the holographic retroreflector may reflect light in the same manner as the physical retroreflector and may appear as the physical retroreflector when viewed on-axis such as within 5°, 10°, 15°, or other desired angle from a normal axis of the holographic retroreflector.
  • An illustrative example of a holographic retroreflector when viewed on-axis is shown in FIG. 5.
  • a holographic retroreflector such as holographic retroreflector 22, may have an isometric pattern of cubes 40 that repeat across holographic retroreflector 22 (e.g., across hologram film 30).
  • the pattern of cubes 40 in holographic retroreflector 22 may reflect light, and an observer viewing holographic retroreflector 22 on-axis may see holographic retroreflector 22 (i.e., the pattern of cubes 40), as if the physical retroreflector that is recorded onto hologram film 30 is present.
  • FIG. 5 shows an isometric pattern, this is merely illustrative. In general, any retroreflector pattern may be recorded onto a hologram film in a holographic retroreflector.
  • a holographic retroreflector may be reflective (i.e., may reflect light incident on the holographic retroreflector) when viewed on-axis and transparent when viewed off-axis.
  • An illustrative example of a holographic retroreflector being reflective on-axis and transparent off-axis is shown in FIGS. 6 A and 6B.
  • a holographic retroreflector such as holographic retroreflector 22, may be reflective when viewed on-axis.
  • observer 42 may view holographic retroreflector 22 along axis 44.
  • Axis 44 may be collinear with, or nearly collinear with (such as within 5°, 10°, or 15°) a normal axis of holographic retroreflector 22.
  • retroreflector pattern 46 which may be the same pattern as the physical retroreflector recorded on a hologram film in holographic retroreflector 22.
  • observer 42 may see light reflected by holographic retroreflector 22 when observer 42 views holographic retroreflector 22 on-axis.
  • Observer 42 may be, for example, an occupant of a first vehicle, and holographic retroreflector 22 may be on a second vehicle.
  • Light from the first vehicle may emit light, such as light from headlights in the first vehicle.
  • Observer 42 may view holographic retroreflector 22 when the emitted light reflects from holographic retroreflector and when observer 42 is viewing holographic retroreflector on-axis, such as when the first vehicle is behind the second vehicle (e.g., in the same lane as the second vehicle).
  • holographic retroreflector 22 when viewed off-axis, it may be transparent.
  • observer 42 may view holographic retroreflector 22 along axis 48.
  • Axis 48 may be separated from normal axis 50 (an axis normal to holographic retroreflector 22) by angle 52.
  • Angle 52 may be more than 5°, more than 10°, more than 15°, or other desired angle.
  • holographic retroreflector 22 may appear transparent, as shown by transparent portion 54.
  • observer 42 may see through holographic retroreflector 22 when viewing holographic retroreflector 22 off- axis. In this way, observer 42 may see the underlying vehicle body, taillight, or other feature on which holographic retroreflector 22 is applied when viewing holographic retroreflector 22 off-axis.
  • holographic retroreflector 22 may appear transparent to observer 42 if observer 42 views holographic retroreflector 22 off-axis (e.g., the first vehicle is in a different lane from the second vehicle). In this way, observer 42 may see the layers underneath holographic retroreflector 22, such as the body of the second vehicle, when observer 42 views holographic retroreflector 22 off-axis.
  • holographic retroreflector 22 has been described as being reflective or transparent in the context of two vehicles, this is merely illustrative. Holographic retroreflector may be included in any desired system, such as a building or vehicle, and may appear reflective on-axis and transparent off-axis to any observer of holographic retroreflector 22.
  • holographic retroreflectors have been described, holographic reflective structures more generally may be incorporated into a system, such as system 10.
  • text, symbols, graphics, or other indicia may be included in a holographic reflective structure on system 10.
  • a vehicle identification number VIN
  • holographic reflective structures may be included anywhere on a building, vehicle, or other system, and may be recorded with any desired information.
  • a holographic retroreflector for a vehicle includes a base layer, a hologram film on the base layer, a retroreflector is recorded onto the hologram film, the hologram film reflects incident light when an observer views the hologram film on-axis, and the hologram film is transparent when the observer views the hologram film off-axis and a protective coating that overlaps the hologram film.
  • the hologram film has a normal axis, the observer views the hologram film on-axis at viewing angles of 5° or less from the normal axis, and the observer views the hologram film off-axis at viewing angles of over 5° from the normal axis.
  • the base layer is a frit layer
  • the hologram film is directly on the frit layer
  • the holographic retroreflector includes a glass layer interposed between the hologram film and the protective coating.
  • the protective coating is a hard coating.
  • the protective coating protects the hologram film from ultraviolet light.
  • the base layer includes a metal layer.
  • the holographic retroreflector includes paint on the metal layer, the hologram film is coupled to the paint.
  • the protective coating is a glazing on the hologram film.
  • a vehicle in accordance with an embodiment, includes a body and a holographic retroreflector on the body, the holographic retroreflector includes a hologram film, and a retroreflector is recorded on the hologram film.
  • the holographic retroreflector is configured to reflect light from another vehicle toward an occupant of the other vehicle.
  • the holographic retroreflector is visible to the occupant of the other vehicle when a field of view of the occupant of the other vehicle is collinear with the holographic retroreflector.
  • the holographic retroreflector is transparent when the field of view of the occupant of the other vehicle is not collinear with the holographic retroreflector.
  • the vehicle includes a transparent protective layer on the holographic retroreflector.
  • the body includes a front, a rear, and sides that extend from the front to the rear, and the holographic retroreflector is on the body at the rear, the vehicle further includes additional holographic retroreflectors on the sides.
  • a vehicle in accordance with an embodiment, includes a taillight includes a light source and a cover lens that overlaps the light source and a holographic retroreflector on the cover lens, the holographic retroreflector includes a hologram film, and a retroreflector is recorded on the hologram film.
  • the holographic retroreflector reflects incident light when viewed on-axis and is transparent when viewed off-axis.
  • the vehicle includes a transparent protective coating on the holographic retroreflector.
  • the holographic retroreflector is configured to reflect light emitted by another vehicle to an occupant of the other vehicle when viewed on-axis by the occupant of the other vehicle.
  • the holographic retroreflector is configured to appear transparent to the occupant of the other vehicle when viewed off-axis by the occupant of the other vehicle.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une structure réfléchissante holographique, telle qu'un rétroréflecteur holographique, qui peut être incorporée dans un système. Le rétroréflecteur holographique peut comprendre un film d'hologramme sur un corps ou une autre partie du système, et un rétroréflecteur physique peut être enregistré sur le film d'hologramme. Par conséquent, le rétroréflecteur holographique peut apparaître de manière réfléchissante lorsqu'il est vu sur l'axe, tout en apparaissant transparent lorsqu'il est vu hors axe. De cette manière, lorsqu'un observateur regarde le rétroréflecteur holographique hors de l'axe, l'observateur peut voir les parties sous-jacentes du système sans voir le rétroréflecteur. Le rétroréflecteur holographique peut être appliqué sur un métal, un verre ou une partie en plastique du système, et une couche de protection peut être appliquée sur le rétroréflecteur holographique pour protéger le rétroréflecteur holographique des dommages et de la dégradation.
PCT/US2023/071130 2022-09-09 2023-07-27 Structures réfléchissantes WO2024054731A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202263405073P 2022-09-09 2022-09-09
US63/405,073 2022-09-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024054731A1 true WO2024054731A1 (fr) 2024-03-14

Family

ID=87748274

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2023/071130 WO2024054731A1 (fr) 2022-09-09 2023-07-27 Structures réfléchissantes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2024054731A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100417570B1 (ko) * 2001-08-17 2004-02-05 손광현 이중 접합 홀로그램 회절격자층을 갖는 재귀반사체
EP1512578A1 (fr) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Dispositif optique illuminé et rétroréfléchissant
US20170373752A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 ABL IP Holdiing LLC System and method using a gated retro-reflector for visible light uplink communication

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100417570B1 (ko) * 2001-08-17 2004-02-05 손광현 이중 접합 홀로그램 회절격자층을 갖는 재귀반사체
EP1512578A1 (fr) * 2003-09-02 2005-03-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Dispositif optique illuminé et rétroréfléchissant
US20170373752A1 (en) * 2016-06-23 2017-12-28 ABL IP Holdiing LLC System and method using a gated retro-reflector for visible light uplink communication

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR101954199B1 (ko) 차량용 어라운드 뷰 모니터링 장치, 운행 제어 장치 및 차량
EP3372437B1 (fr) Appareil d'interface utilisateur pour véhicule, procédé de fabrication d'appareil d'interface utilisateur et véhicule
KR101959300B1 (ko) 차량용 스마트 키 및 시스템
US20170268280A1 (en) Vehicle door control apparatus and vehicle
US20170228126A1 (en) Vehicle user interface apparatus and vehicle
EP2797792B1 (fr) Systèmes, procédés, et appareil, pour améliorer le champ de vision d'une caméra dans un véhicule
US10125941B2 (en) Lamp for vehicle and method for controlling the same
US10421391B2 (en) Vehicle control device mounted on vehicle and method for controlling the vehicle
US20170297502A1 (en) Projector system for a bumper of a vehicle
WO2024054731A1 (fr) Structures réfléchissantes
CN217540605U (zh) 车灯、车辆以及车辆前照灯
US20240182117A1 (en) Panel with Segmented Features
US12044373B2 (en) Lights with microlens arrays
US20240318801A1 (en) Lights With Microlens Arrays
WO2024163073A1 (fr) Systèmes à unités d'affichage encapsulées
EP4230407A1 (fr) Fenetres polymeres stratifiees
WO2024205782A1 (fr) Éclairage de structure transparente
US20240239272A1 (en) Vehicular overhead console
US20240110684A1 (en) Multi-Mode Lights
US11879610B2 (en) Multi-mode lights
WO2024123487A1 (fr) Systèmes à fenêtres contrôlables
WO2024163076A1 (fr) Systèmes avec ensembles de plaques lumineuses
KR102721365B1 (ko) 차량 제어 방법, 장치, 차량을 이용한 배달 서비스 방법 및 시스템
CN117480340A (zh) 多波段可调节灯
WO2024155407A1 (fr) Afficheurs à vues extérieures

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23757806

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1