WO2024046427A1 - 一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024046427A1
WO2024046427A1 PCT/CN2023/116199 CN2023116199W WO2024046427A1 WO 2024046427 A1 WO2024046427 A1 WO 2024046427A1 CN 2023116199 W CN2023116199 W CN 2023116199W WO 2024046427 A1 WO2024046427 A1 WO 2024046427A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical cable
steel
steel bar
sheathed optical
bar
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/116199
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周英武
邢锋
叶增辉
黄晓旭
李宗军
朱忠锋
胡锐
Original Assignee
深圳大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 深圳大学 filed Critical 深圳大学
Publication of WO2024046427A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024046427A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
    • E04C5/01—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings
    • E04C5/02—Reinforcing elements of metal, e.g. with non-structural coatings of low bending resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
    • G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4415—Cables for special applications
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/46—Processes or apparatus adapted for installing or repairing optical fibres or optical cables
    • G02B6/50—Underground or underwater installation; Installation through tubing, conduits or ducts
    • G02B6/504—Installation in solid material, e.g. underground
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and specifically relates to a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar and a preparation method thereof.
  • Reinforced concrete (RC) structures are strong, durable, have good fire resistance and have low construction costs. They are currently a widely used structural form. As the main tensile material in reinforced concrete structures, steel bars have good strength and deformation properties, but they also have the disadvantage of being easily corroded.
  • Steel-continuous fiber composite bar (SFCB) is a new type of reinforced composite material with steel as the inner core and outer longitudinal fibers. It has high strength, good ductility, high elastic modulus, stable secondary stiffness and excellent corrosion resistance. With other characteristics, ordinary steel bars are wrapped with corrosion-resistant fiber reinforced composite materials (FRP), which can protect the steel bars from erosion and improve the durability of the concrete structure.
  • FRP corrosion-resistant fiber reinforced composite materials
  • the patent document CN1936206A (steel-continuous fiber reinforced concrete anti-seismic structure) discloses an anti-seismic structure formed by bonding fiber-reinforced composite materials with concrete.
  • this earthquake-resistant structure itself does not have the function of sensing its own stress state or the stress state of the corresponding structure.
  • Patent document CN102146713A discloses an embedded steel strand FRP optical fiber intelligent composite bar obtained by compounding an optical fiber sensor with a fiber-reinforced plastic steel strand composite bar. However, it uses bare optical fiber, which is brittle and easy to break during the production process.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar and a preparation method thereof.
  • Continuous fiber composite smart ribs use sheathed optical cables, which are not easy to break and have a high optical fiber survival rate.
  • the invention provides a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar, including a sheathed optical cable 6, a steel bar 5, a winding layer 8 and a tight sheath 9;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 includes a fiberglass core 1, a polyimide coating layer 2 and a polyurethane wrapping layer 3 stacked from the inside out;
  • the steel bars 5 have grooves 4 along the length direction; the sheathed optical cable 6 is embedded in the grooves 4 in parallel;
  • the winding layer 8 is wound around the outer surface of the steel bar 5, and the material of the winding layer 8 is epoxy resin composite fiber;
  • the tight sheath 9 includes a first tight sheath and a second tight sheath, which are respectively placed on both ends of the winding layer 8 .
  • the glass fiber core 1 is an SMG.652b type glass core.
  • the diameter of the sheathed optical cable 6 is ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the length of the sheathed optical cable 6 is greater than the length of the steel bar 5, and the sheathed optical cable 6 extends out of both ends of the steel bar 5, and the sheathed optical cable 6 at both ends of the steel bar 5 is covered with corrugated sleeves. tube 7.
  • the corrugated casing 7 is a stainless steel corrugated casing.
  • the inner diameter of the corrugated sleeve 7 is 1 mm.
  • the notched grooves 4 are square grooves of 1 mm ⁇ 1 mm; the number of the notched grooves 4 is ⁇ 1; and the number of the sheathed optical cables 6 is ⁇ 1.
  • the thickness of the winding layer 8 is 1 to 2 mm.
  • the tight sheath 9 is inserted into the end of the winding layer 8 by 20 mm; the tight sheath 9 is at least 50 mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable 6 .
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars according to the above technical solution, which includes the following steps:
  • the steel bar 5 is wrapped with epoxy resin composite fiber and solidified to obtain the steel bar 5 covered with the winding layer 8;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 extends from both ends of the steel bar 5 .
  • the method for fixing the sheathed optical cable 6 in parallel in the groove 4 is: first adhere and fix the sheathed optical cable 6 with tape, and then seal the groove 4 with glue.
  • the method further includes: inserting the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheathed optical cable 6 extending from both ends of the steel bar 5 .
  • the method of inserting the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheathed optical cable 6 extending out of both ends of the steel bar 5 is to reserve an unsealed section at both ends of the groove 4 and insert the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheath.
  • the two ends of the optical cable 6 are placed in the groove 4 of the non-sealed section and sealed with glue.
  • the length of the non-sealed section is 10 mm.
  • the epoxy resin composite fiber includes fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin and fiber bundles impregnated with epoxy resin;
  • the fiber cloth in the fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin is carbon fiber cloth, glass fiber cloth or basalt fiber cloth; the fiber bundle in the fiber bundle impregnated with epoxy resin is carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or plant fiber.
  • the steel bars 5 are plain round steel bars.
  • the method further includes: wrapping the sheathed optical cable 6 extending out of the steel bar 5 with a plastic film; the plastic film is a plastic wrap.
  • the curing temperature is 30-35°C.
  • the diameter of the tight sheath 9 is 1 mm larger than the diameter of the steel bar 5 covering the winding layer 8; the sheathed optical cable 6 is at least 50 mm longer than the tight sheath 9; the tight sheath 9 is inserted into The length of the end of the steel bar 5 covered with the winding layer 8 is at least 20 mm.
  • the method further includes heating the tight sheath 9 .
  • the invention provides a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in a groove on the inner core surface of the steel bar, including a sheathed optical cable 6, a steel bar 5, a winding layer 8 and a tight sheath 9;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 includes a fiberglass core 1, a polyimide coating layer 2 and a polyurethane wrapping layer 3 stacked from the inside out;
  • the steel bar 5 has grooves 4 along the length direction;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 is embedded in parallel In the groove 4;
  • the winding layer 8 is wound on the outer surface of the steel bar 5, and the material of the winding layer 8 is epoxy resin composite fiber;
  • the tight sheath 9 includes a first tight sheath and a second tight sheath. Tight sheaths are placed on both ends of the winding layer 8 respectively.
  • the structure of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart rebar provided by the present invention is different from that of the traditional optical fiber smart composite rebar.
  • the sensing optical fiber used in the present invention is a sheathed optical cable, which is composed of a bare optical fiber, a polyimide coating layer and a polyurethane coating layer. Obtained by combining the sheath, the sheathed optical cable can not only improve the strength and surface friction compared with bare optical fiber, but also can be grooved and implanted with steel bars to improve the survival rate of the optical fiber.
  • Grooving the surface along the length of the steel bar can ensure that the implanted sheathed optical cable is parallel to the steel bar, and the sheathed optical cable is at the interface where the epoxy resin composite fiber contacts the steel bar, which can comprehensively reflect the strain of the composite smart bar and ensure its measurement accuracy.
  • Wrapping epoxy resin composite fiber on the surface of the grooved steel bar where the sheathed optical cable is implanted can form a wrapping layer to prevent corrosion of the inner core of the steel bar and prevent the sheathed optical cable from breaking.
  • Steel-continuous fiber composite bars have a self-sensing function after being implanted into sheathed optical cables, and can themselves be used as stress-bearing materials, making them suitable for strain monitoring of various complex engineering structures.
  • the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar has the characteristics of high survival rate, self-sensing, high-precision corrosion resistance, high strength and engineering, and serves as the structure itself. Reinforced materials can meet the needs of complex structure measurements.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the sheathed optical cable in the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the steel bar with grooves in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention in which the sheathed optical cable at both ends of the reinforcing bar is covered with corrugated sleeves;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a steel bar with a winding layer in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar in the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a uniaxial tensile test specimen of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar prepared in Examples 1 to 3;
  • Figure 7 is a comparison diagram of the stress-strain relationship between the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar and DIC prepared in Example 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a strain distribution diagram of a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar prepared in Example 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a comparison diagram of the stress-strain relationship between the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar and DIC prepared in Example 2 of the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar;
  • Figure 10 is a strain distribution diagram of a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar prepared in Example 2 of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a steel-continuous fiber with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar prepared in Example 3 of the present invention. Comparison chart of the stress-strain relationship between composite smart ribs and DIC;
  • Figure 12 is a strain distribution diagram of a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar prepared in Example 3 of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in a groove on the inner core surface of the steel bar, including a sheathed optical cable 6, a steel bar 5, a winding layer 8 and a tight sheath 9;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 includes a fiberglass core 1, a polyimide coating layer 2 and a polyurethane wrapping layer 3 that are stacked from the inside to the outside;
  • the steel bars 5 have grooves 4 along the length direction; the sheathed optical cable 6 is embedded in the grooves 4 in parallel;
  • the winding layer 8 is wound around the outer surface of the steel bar 5, and the material of the winding layer 8 is epoxy resin composite fiber;
  • the tight sheath 9 includes a first tight sheath and a second tight sheath, which are respectively placed on both ends of the winding layer 8 .
  • the present invention has no special requirements on the source of the raw materials used, and commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art can be used.
  • the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar includes a sheathed optical cable 6 .
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 includes a glass fiber core 1, a polyimide coating layer 2 and a polyurethane wrapping layer 3 that are stacked from the inside to the outside; the diameter of the sheathed optical cable 6 is preferably ⁇ 1 mm. More preferably, it is ⁇ 0.9mm; the glass fiber core 1 is preferably SMG.652b type glass core.
  • the present invention does not limit the type of the sheathed optical cable. It is enough to use a sheathed optical cable well known in the art.
  • the sheathed optical cable is specifically an NZS-DSS-C07 high-transmission tight-sheathed strain-sensing optical cable with a diameter of 0.9 mm.
  • the structure of the sheathed optical cable 6 in the present invention is shown in Figure 1.
  • the center of the sheathed optical cable 6 is a glass fiber inner core 1
  • the outer layer of the glass fiber inner core 1 is covered with a polyimide coating layer 2
  • the outer layer of the polyimide coating layer 2 is covered with Polyurethane wrapping layer 3.
  • the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar includes steel bars 5 .
  • the steel bar 5 is provided with notches 4 along the length direction; the notches 4 are preferably It is a square groove of 1mm ⁇ 1mm; the number of the grooves 4 is preferably ⁇ 1, more preferably 1; the sheathed optical cable 6 is embedded in the grooves 4 in parallel; the number of the sheathed optical cables is preferably ⁇ 1 , more preferably 1.
  • the present invention can select the number of grooves on the steel bars and the number of implanted sheathed optical cables according to actual needs.
  • the structure of the steel bar 5 in the present invention is shown in Figure 2. As can be seen from Figure 2, the steel bar used in the present invention has grooves 4 along its length direction.
  • the length of the protective optical cable 6 is greater than the length of the steel bar 5, and the optical protective cable 6 extends out of both ends of the steel bar 5, and the sheathed optical cables 6 at both ends of the extended steel bar 5 are respectively covered with corrugated sleeves.
  • Pipe 7; the corrugated casing 7 is preferably a stainless steel corrugated casing; the inner diameter of the corrugated casing 7 is preferably 1 mm.
  • the sheathed optical cable embedded in the groove of the steel bar should be enough to extend out of the concrete structure and sufficient length should be reserved for connection with the optical fiber jumper.
  • the sheathed optical cables at both ends of the protruding steel bar are covered with corrugated sleeves, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the corrugated casing is inserted into the sheathed optical cable extending from both ends of the steel bar, and enters part of the groove of the steel bar.
  • the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar includes a winding layer 8 .
  • the winding layer 8 is wound around the outer surface of the steel bar 5, and the material of the winding layer 8 is epoxy resin composite fiber; the thickness of the winding layer is preferably 1 to 2 mm, and more preferably 2 mm. This field can determine the thickness of the winding layer based on actual conditions.
  • FIG 4 The structure of the steel bar with winding layer in the present invention is shown in Figure 4. As can be seen from Figure 4, the epoxy resin composite fiber is wrapped around the outer layer of the steel bar to form a winding layer.
  • the outer surface of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention which has a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar, can be ribbed, and the fiber bundles can be used to wind the corresponding rib spacing and rib depth.
  • the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar provided by the present invention with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar includes a tight sheath 9 .
  • the tight sheath 9 includes a first tight sheath and a second tight sheath, which are respectively placed on both ends of the winding layer 8 .
  • the tight sheath 9 is preferably inserted into the end of the winding layer 8 by 20 mm; the tight sheath 9 is preferably at least 50 mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable 6 .
  • the structure of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar in which a sheathed optical cable is embedded in the inner core of the steel bar is shown in Figure 5.
  • the tight sheath is inserted from both ends of the sheathed optical cable and is placed on part of the winding layer.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars according to the above technical solution, which includes the following steps:
  • the steel bar 5 is wrapped with epoxy resin composite fiber and solidified to obtain the steel bar 5 covered with the winding layer 8;
  • the sheathed optical cable 6 extends from both ends of the steel bar 5 .
  • grooves are made along the length direction of the steel bar 5 to form the grooves 4.
  • the steel bars 5 are preferably plain round steel bars; the present invention has no special restrictions on the diameter and strength of the steel bars, which can be selected according to actual engineering needs, such as grade HPB300 or grade HPB400, with diameters of 6mm and 8mm. , 10mm or 14mm.
  • the steel bars 5 are specifically HPB400 plain round steel bars with a diameter of 6 mm.
  • the invention uses smooth round steel bars to ensure perfect bonding of the fibers and the surface of the steel bars and even winding of the fibers on the surface of the steel bars, so that the composite smart bars are evenly stressed in the working state.
  • the grooving equipment is preferably a metal grooving machine.
  • the present invention preferably decontaminates the steel bar 5; the decontamination process preferably involves using sandpaper to remove the rust on the surface of the steel bar 5, and then cleaning the surface of the steel bar 5 to remove it. Oil stains; the solvent used for cleaning is preferably acetone; the present invention has no special restrictions on the type of sandpaper and the amount of solvent used for cleaning, and can be selected according to actual needs.
  • the present invention fixes the sheathed optical cable 6 in the groove 4 in parallel.
  • the method for fixing the sheathed optical cable 6 in parallel in the groove 4 is preferably: first adhere and fix the sheathed optical cable 6 with tape, and then seal the groove 4 with glue.
  • the tape is preferably a transparent tape;
  • the glue is preferably 502 glue or epoxy resin, and more preferably 502 glue.
  • the present invention has no special limitation on the type of glue, and any type of glue well known in the art can be used.
  • the present invention has no special limitations on the packaging process of the glue, and a suitable packaging process can be selected according to the actual situation.
  • the present invention preferably also includes: inserting the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheathed optical cable extending out from both ends of the steel bar 5 6; To insert the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheathed optical cable 6 extending out of both ends of the steel bar 5, it is preferred to reserve an unsealed section at both ends of the groove 4, and insert the corrugated sleeve 7 into the sheath.
  • the two ends of the optical cable 6 are placed in the groove 4 of the non-sealed section and sealed with glue.
  • the length of the non-sealed section is preferably 10 mm; the length of the two ends of the sheathed optical cable 6 extending out of the corrugated sleeve 7 is preferably ⁇ 50 mm, and more preferably 50 mm.
  • corrugated sleeves are inserted into both ends of the sheathed optical cable 6 to prevent the sheathed optical cable from being broken at a large angle at the ends of the grooved steel bars.
  • the present invention wraps the steel bar 5 with the epoxy resin composite fiber material and solidifies it to obtain the steel bar 5 covered with the winding layer 8.
  • the epoxy resin composite fiber preferably includes a fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin and a fiber bundle impregnated with epoxy resin; in the fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin, the fiber cloth is preferably a carbon fiber cloth, Glass fiber cloth or basalt fiber cloth, more preferably carbon fiber cloth; the fiber bundle in the fiber bundle impregnated with epoxy resin is preferably carbon fiber, basalt fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber or plant fiber, more preferably carbon fiber.
  • the fiber cloth in the fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin is specifically a HITEX C200 carbon fiber cloth woven with 12K high-strength carbon fiber; the epoxy resin in the fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin is The resin is preferably Lica-100 fiber cloth adhesive.
  • the present invention has no special limitations on the type and dosage of the epoxy resin, fiber cloth and fiber bundle. The type and dosage of the epoxy resin, fiber cloth and fiber bundle can be determined according to actual needs in the art.
  • the winding process is preferably to wrap the steel bar 5 of the implanted sheathed optical cable 6 with fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin, and then wrap it circumferentially with fiber bundles impregnated with epoxy resin;
  • the circumferential winding is preferably carried out along the length direction of the steel bar 5. More preferably, the fiber cloth is laid out neatly, one end is temporarily fixed with the steel bar with epoxy resin, and then the fiber cloth is completely immersed in the epoxy resin, and a steel plate is used to wrap the fiber cloth. Press the other end of the cloth tightly, slowly rotate the steel bar from the end temporarily fixed to the steel bar, and apply a tensile force perpendicular to the axial direction of the steel bar. Wrap the fiber cloth tightly on the outer surface of the steel bar, and then squeeze it along the axial direction of the steel bar. , remove excess epoxy resin, and then wrap the fiber bundles impregnated with epoxy resin around the surface of the fiber cloth.
  • the present invention preferably uses a plastic film to wrap the sheathed optical cable 6 extending out of the steel bar 5; the plastic film is preferably a plastic wrap.
  • the invention uses a plastic film to wrap the sheathed optical cable extending out of the steel bar portion to prevent the sheathed optical cable from being soaked in glue or broken during the winding process.
  • the present invention has no special limitation on the curing method, and it can be determined according to the type of epoxy resin used.
  • the curing temperature is preferably 30-35°C, and more preferably 31-34°C.
  • the present invention uses a tight sheath 9 to insert it from the sheathed optical cable 6 and put it on both ends of the winding layer 8 to obtain a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar.
  • the diameter of the tight sheath 9 is preferably 1 mm larger than the diameter of the steel bar 5 covering the winding layer 8; the sheathed optical cable 6 is preferably at least 50 mm longer than the tight sheath 9; The length of the end of the steel bar 5 covered with the wrapping layer 8 by the sleeve 9 is preferably at least 20 mm.
  • the sheathed optical cable is stretched out from both ends of the tight sheath, leaving the sheathed optical cable long to facilitate later welding of the sheathed optical cable and the optical fiber jumper.
  • the present invention preferably also includes heating the tight sheath 9; the heating is preferably performed using a flame gun.
  • the invention shrinks the tight sheath through heating and tightly wraps the winding layer.
  • An unsealed section is reserved within 10mm of both ends of the grooved smooth steel bar.
  • a stainless steel corrugated pipe with a diameter of 1mm and 50mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable is inserted.
  • the two ends of the sheathed optical cable are placed in the grooved end of the unsealed section, and then the stainless steel bellows at the grooved end is sealed with glue; cut 20 bundles of fiber cloth (HITEX C200 woven with 12K high-strength carbon fiber type carbon fiber cloth), lay the cut fiber cloth neatly, use adhesive to temporarily fix it with the smooth round steel bar at one end, wrap the sheathed optical cables at both ends of the smooth round steel bar with plastic film, and then completely immerse the fiber cloth in Lica-100 In the fiber cloth adhesive, use a steel plate to compress the other end of the fiber cloth, starting from the end temporarily fixed to the smooth round steel bar.
  • the tight sheath is 50mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable. Use a flamethrower to heat the tight sheath to heat the tight sheath. Shrink to obtain steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars with sheathed optical cables embedded in grooves on the inner core surface of the steel bars (its parameters are shown in Table 2).
  • An unsealed section is reserved within 10mm of both ends of the grooved smooth steel bar.
  • a stainless steel corrugated pipe with a diameter of 1mm and 50mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable is inserted.
  • the two ends of the sheathed optical cable are placed in the grooved end of the unsealed section, and then the stainless steel bellows at the grooved end is sealed with glue;
  • 36 bundles of fiber cloth (HITEX C200 woven with 12K high-strength carbon fiber) are cut type carbon fiber cloth) are cut type carbon fiber cloth), lay the cut fiber cloth neatly, use adhesive to temporarily fix it with the smooth round steel bar at one end, wrap the sheathed optical cables at both ends of the smooth round steel bar with plastic film, and then completely immerse the fiber cloth in Lica-100
  • use a steel plate to compress the other end of the fiber cloth, slowly rotate the smooth steel bar from the end temporarily fixed to the smooth round steel bar, and apply a tensile force perpendicular to the axial
  • the tight sheath is heated with a flamethrower to cause the tight sheath to shrink due to heat, and a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar (steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar) with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the groove on the inner core surface of the steel bar is obtained. Its parameters are shown in Table 4).
  • An unsealed section is reserved within 10mm of both ends of the grooved smooth steel bar.
  • a stainless steel corrugated pipe with a diameter of 1mm and 50mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable is inserted.
  • the two ends of the sheathed optical cable are placed in the grooved end of the unsealed section, and then the stainless steel bellows at the grooved end is sealed with glue; cut 25 bundles of fiber cloth (HITEX C200 woven with 12K high-strength carbon fiber type carbon fiber cloth), lay the cut fiber cloth neatly, use adhesive to temporarily fix it with the smooth round steel bar at one end, wrap the sheathed optical cables at both ends of the smooth round steel bar with plastic film, and then completely immerse the fiber cloth in Lica-100 In the fiber cloth adhesive, use a steel plate to compress the other end of the fiber cloth, slowly rotate the smooth steel bar from the end temporarily fixed to the smooth round steel bar, and apply a tensile force perpendicular to the axial direction of the smooth round steel
  • the fiber bundles impregnated with Lica-100 fiber cloth adhesive glue are wound around the surface of the fiber cloth, and solidified at 35°C to obtain steel bars with a wrapped winding layer (thickness 1mm).
  • the sheathed optical cable is penetrated into the fiber cloth than the coated fiber bundle.
  • the diameter of the steel bar in the winding layer is 1 mm larger than the tight sheath.
  • the tight sheath is inserted into the end of the steel bar covering the winding layer by 20 mm.
  • the tight sheath is 50 mm shorter than the sheathed optical cable. Use a flamethrower to heat the tight sheath to make it tight.
  • a steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar with a sheathed optical cable embedded in a groove on the inner core surface of the steel bar is obtained (its parameters are shown in Table 6).
  • MTS was used to conduct a uniaxial tensile test on the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar prepared in Example 1 with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar.
  • the loading rate is 0.5mm/min
  • the strain data obtained by the non-contact strain testing system DIC is compared with the data monitored by the composite smart rebar sheathed optical cable.
  • the specific operation is to cover both ends of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart rebar before testing. Insert a steel pipe with a diameter of 32mm and an inner diameter of 25mm, and pour in expanded cement for end reinforcement. The test section needs to encounter black speckles on a white background for DIC testing.
  • the uniaxial tensile specimen of steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar is as follows As shown in Figure 6, the stress-strain curve of composite intelligence drawn by strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars is shown in Figure 7, and the strain distribution monitored by smart composite bars under different stresses is shown in Figure 8.
  • the strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars are used to draw the stress-strain curve of the composite smart bar.
  • the strain of DIC in the figure is within the 100mm long test section output by the check extensometer function of the VIC-3D software.
  • the strain of the smart composite bar is a series of measuring point strains with a spatial resolution of 1mm in a 100mm long test section of the sheathed optical cable obtained through the OSI series acquisition software.
  • the strains of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars prepared in Example 1 of the test section are basically consistent, indicating that the stress is uniform during the composite smart loading process and the strain monitoring performance is stable.
  • MTS was used to conduct a uniaxial tensile test on the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar prepared in Example 2 with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar.
  • the loading rate is 0.5mm/min
  • the strain data obtained by the non-contact strain testing system DIC is compared with the data monitored by the composite smart rebar sheathed optical cable.
  • the specific operation is to cover both ends of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart rebar before testing. Insert a steel pipe with a diameter of 32mm and an inner diameter of 25mm, and pour in expanded cement for end reinforcement. The test section needs to encounter black speckles on a white background for DIC testing.
  • the uniaxial tensile specimen of steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar is as follows As shown in Figure 6, the stress-strain curve of composite intelligence drawn from strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars is shown in Figure 9. The strain distribution monitored by smart composite bars under different stresses is shown in Figure 10.
  • the strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars are used to draw the stress-strain curve of the composite smart bar.
  • the strain of DIC in the figure is within the 100mm long test section output by the check extensometer function of the VIC-3D software.
  • the strain of the smart composite bar is a series of measuring point strains with a spatial resolution of 1mm in a 100mm long test section of the sheathed optical cable obtained through the OSI series acquisition software.
  • the strains of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars prepared in Example 2 of the test section are basically consistent, indicating that the stress is uniform during the composite smart loading process and the strain monitoring performance is stable.
  • MTS was used to conduct a uniaxial tensile test on the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar prepared in Example 3 with a sheathed optical cable embedded in the inner core of the steel bar.
  • the loading rate is 0.5mm/min
  • the strain data obtained by the non-contact strain testing system DIC is compared with the data monitored by the composite smart rebar sheathed optical cable.
  • the specific operation is to cover both ends of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart rebar before testing. Insert a steel pipe with a diameter of 32mm and an inner diameter of 25mm, and pour in expanded cement for end reinforcement. The test section needs to encounter black speckles on a white background for DIC testing.
  • the uniaxial tensile specimen of steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar is as follows As shown in Figure 6, the stress-strain curve of composite intelligence drawn from strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars is shown in Figure 11, and the strain distribution monitored by smart composite bars under different stresses is shown in Figure 12.
  • the strain data monitored by DIC and composite smart bars are used to draw the stress-strain curve of the composite smart bar.
  • the strain of DIC in the figure is within the 100mm long test section output by the check extensometer function of the VIC-3D software. the average strain.
  • the strain of the smart composite bar is a series of measuring point strains with a spatial resolution of 1mm in a 100mm long test section of the sheathed optical cable obtained through the OSI series acquisition software.
  • the results in Figure 11 show that the stress and strain data of the composite smart bar drawn by DIC and the strain data monitored by the composite smart bar are consistent, indicating that the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bar has high strain monitoring accuracy (its performance test results are shown in Table 9 Show).
  • the strains of the steel-continuous fiber composite smart bars prepared in Example 2 of the test section are basically consistent, indicating that the stress is uniform during the composite smart loading process and the strain monitoring performance is stable.

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Abstract

本发明属于建材技术领域，具体涉及一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法。本发明采用传感光纤为护套光缆，其由裸光纤与聚酰亚胺涂覆层和聚氨酯包裹层组成的护套结合得到，护套光缆与裸光纤相比不仅能提高强度和表面摩擦力，还可刻槽植入钢筋，提高光纤成活率，且护套光缆处于环氧树脂复合纤维材料与钢筋接触的界面处，能综合反映复合智能筋的应变，保证其测量的精度；在植入护套光缆的刻槽钢筋表面缠绕环氧树脂复合纤维材料可以形成包裹层防止钢筋内芯锈蚀和防止护套光缆断裂。本发明提供的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋具备高成活率、自感知、高精度抗腐蚀、高强度和工程化的特点。

Description

一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法
本申请要求于2022年08月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为CN202211059358.2、发明名称为“一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于建材技术领域，具体涉及一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法。
背景技术
钢筋混凝土(RC)结构具有坚固、耐久、耐火性能好和建造成本低等特点，是目前运用较广泛的一种结构形式。在钢筋混凝土结构中钢筋作为主要受拉材料，其具有较好的强度和变形性能，但也存在易腐蚀的缺点。钢-连续纤维复合筋(SFCB)是一种以钢筋为内芯外包纵向纤维的新型增强复合材料，具有强度高、延性好、弹性模量较高、稳定的二次刚度及优异的耐腐蚀性能等特点，用耐腐蚀的纤维增强复合材料(FRP)包裹普通钢筋，可保护钢筋不受侵蚀，提高混凝土结构的耐久性能。例如，专利文献CN1936206A(钢-连续纤维增强混凝土抗震结构)即公开了使用纤维增强复合材料与混凝土粘结形成的一种抗震结构。但是，这种抗震结构自身并不具备感知自身受力状态或相应结构受力状态的功能。
分布式光纤传感技术具有抗电磁干扰、精度高、体积小、稳定性优越、集数据传输和传感于一体及易于与待测物结合等优势，在土木工程的传感测量和健康监测中得到广泛运用。专利文献CN102146713A(内嵌钢绞线FRP光纤智能复合筋)公布了将光纤传感器与纤维增强塑料钢绞线复合筋复合而得到的内嵌钢绞线FRP光纤智能复合筋。然而其采用的是裸光纤，制作过程中光纤呈现脆性，容易折断。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法，本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋使用护套光缆，不容易折断，具有高光纤成活率。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了以下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，包括护套光缆6、钢筋5、缠绕层8和紧护套9；
所述护套光缆6包括由内向外叠套的玻璃纤维内芯1、聚酰亚胺涂覆层2和聚氨酯包裹层3；
所述钢筋5沿长度方向带有刻槽4；所述护套光缆6平行嵌在所述刻槽4中；
所述缠绕层8缠绕在所述钢筋5外表面，所述缠绕层8的材质为环氧树脂复合纤维；
所述紧护套9包括第一紧护套和第二紧护套，分别套在所述缠绕层8的两端。
优选的，所述玻璃纤维内芯1为SMG.652b型玻璃内芯。
优选的，所述护套光缆6的直径<1mm。
优选的，所述护套光缆6的长度大于钢筋5的长度，并且所述护套光缆6伸出所述钢筋5的两端，在伸出钢筋5两端的护套光缆6分别套有波纹套管7。
优选的，所述波纹套管7为不锈钢波纹套管。
优选的，所述波纹套管7的内径为1mm。
优选的，所述刻槽4为1mm×1mm的方槽；所述刻槽4的数量≥1；所述护套光缆6的数量≥1。
优选的，所述缠绕层8的厚度为1～2mm。
优选的，所述紧护套9套入所述缠绕层8的端部20mm；所述紧护套9比护套光缆6最少短50mm。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
沿钢筋5的长度方向开槽，形成刻槽4；
将所述护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中后，用环氧树脂复合纤维缠绕钢筋5，进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5；
将紧护套9从所述护套光缆6套入，并套在所述缠绕层8的两端，得到 钢-连续纤维复合智能筋；
所述护套光缆6伸出所述钢筋5的两端。
优选的，将所述护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中的方法为：先用胶带粘附固定所述护套光缆6，再用胶水将所述刻槽4进行封装。
优选的，还包括：将波纹套管7套入伸出所述钢筋5两端的护套光缆6。
优选的，将波纹套管7套入伸出所述钢筋5两端的护套光缆6为：在所述刻槽4的两端内预留不封胶段，将波纹套管7套入护套光缆6的两端并置于不封胶段的刻槽4内，用胶水封装。
优选的，所述不封胶段的长度为10mm。
优选的，所述环氧树脂复合纤维包括浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布和浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束；
所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布中纤维布为碳纤维布、玻璃纤维布或玄武岩纤维布；所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束中纤维束为碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维或植物纤维。
优选的，所述钢筋5为光圆钢筋。
优选的，在进行所述缠绕前，还包括：采用塑料薄膜包裹伸出钢筋5部分的护套光缆6；所述塑料薄膜为保鲜膜。
优选的，所述固化的温度为30～35℃。
优选的，所述紧护套9的直径比所述包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5的直径大1mm；所述护套光缆6比紧护套9长至少50mm；所述紧护套9套入所述包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5的端部的长度至少20mm。
优选的，还包括：对所述紧护套9进行加热。
本发明提供了一种在钢筋内芯表面开槽内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，包括护套光缆6、钢筋5、缠绕层8和紧护套9；所述护套光缆6包括由内向外叠套的玻璃纤维内芯1、聚酰亚胺涂覆层2和聚氨酯包裹层3；所述钢筋5沿长度方向带有刻槽4；所述护套光缆6平行嵌在所述刻槽4中；所述缠绕层8缠绕在所述钢筋5外表面，所述缠绕层8的材质为环氧树脂复合纤维；所述紧护套9包括第一紧护套和第二紧护套，分别套在所述缠绕层8的两端。
本发明提供的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋与传统光纤智能复合筋的结构不同，本发明采用的传感光纤为护套光缆，其由裸光纤与聚酰亚胺涂覆层和聚氨酯包裹层组成的护套结合得到，护套光缆与裸光纤相比不仅能提高强度和表面摩擦力，还可刻槽植入钢筋，提高光纤成活率。沿钢筋长度方向表面刻槽可以保证植入的护套光缆与钢筋平行，且护套光缆处于环氧树脂复合纤维与钢筋接触的界面处，能综合反应复合智能筋的应变，保证其测量的精度；在植入护套光缆的刻槽钢筋表面缠绕环氧树脂复合纤维可以形成包裹层防止钢筋内芯锈蚀和防止护套光缆断裂。钢-连续纤维复合筋植入护套光缆后具备自传感的功能，且自身可作为受力材料，可适用于各种复杂工程结构的应变监测。综上，本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋具备高成活率、自感知、高精度抗腐蚀、高强度和工程化的特点，并且作为结构自身的增强材料可以满足复杂结构测量的需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明中护套光缆的结构示意图；
图2为本发明中带有刻槽的钢筋示意图；
图3为本发明在伸出钢筋两端的护套光缆套有波纹套管的示意图；
图4为本发明中带有缠绕层的钢筋示意图；
图5为本发明中在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的示意图；
图6为实施例1～3制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋单轴拉伸试件图；
图7为本发明实施例1制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋与DIC的应力-应变关系对比图；
图8为本发明实施例1制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变分布图；
图9为本发明实施例2制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋与DIC的应力-应变关系对比图；
图10为本发明实施例2制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变分布图；
图11为本发明实施例3制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维 复合智能筋与DIC的应力-应变关系对比图；
图12为本发明实施例3制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变分布图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种在钢筋内芯表面开槽内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，包括护套光缆6、钢筋5、缠绕层8和紧护套9；
所述护套光缆6包括由内向外叠套的玻璃纤维内芯1、聚酰亚胺涂覆层2和聚氨酯包裹层3；
所述钢筋5沿长度方向带有刻槽4；所述护套光缆6平行嵌在所述刻槽4中；
所述缠绕层8缠绕在所述钢筋5外表面，所述缠绕层8的材质为环氧树脂复合纤维；
所述紧护套9包括第一紧护套和第二紧护套，分别套在所述缠绕层8的两端。
如无特殊说明，本发明对所用原料的来源没有特殊要求，采用本领域技术人员所熟知的市售商品即可。
本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋包括护套光缆6。在本发明中，所述护套光缆6包括由内向外叠套的玻璃纤维内芯1、聚酰亚胺涂覆层2和聚氨酯包裹层3；所述护套光缆6的直径优选<1mm，更优选为≤0.9mm；所述玻璃纤维内芯1优选为SMG.652b型玻璃内芯。本发明对所述护套光缆的种类没有限定，采用本领域熟知的护套光缆即可，本领域也可根据实际工程需要选择玻璃内芯、涂覆层和包裹层的材质，在本发明实施例中，所述护套光缆具体为直径为0.9mm的NZS-DSS-C07型高传递紧包护套应变感测光缆。
本发明中护套光缆6的结构如图1所示。由图1可知，护套光缆6的中心为玻璃纤维内芯1，玻璃纤维内芯1外层包覆有聚酰亚胺涂覆层2，聚酰亚胺涂覆层2外层包覆有聚氨酯包裹层3。
本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋包括钢筋5。在本发明中，所述钢筋5沿长度方向带有刻槽4；所述刻槽4优选 为1mm×1mm的方槽；所述刻槽4的数量优选≥1，更优选为1；所述护套光缆6平行嵌在所述刻槽4中；所述护套光缆的数量优选≥1，更优选为1。本发明可根据实际需要选择钢筋上刻槽的数量和植入护套光缆的数量。
本发明中所述钢筋5的结构如图2所示。由图2可知，本发明所使用钢筋沿其长度方向带有刻槽4。
本发明优选所述护光缆6的长度大于钢筋5的长度，并且所述护光缆6伸出所述钢筋5的两端，在所述伸出钢筋5两端的护套光缆6分别套有波纹套管7；所述波纹套管7优选为不锈钢波纹套管；所述波纹套管7的内径优选为1mm。
本发明中，钢筋刻槽内嵌入的护套光缆应足够伸出混凝土结构且预留足够长度与光纤跳线连接。
本发明中在伸出钢筋两端的护套光缆套有波纹套管如图3所示。由图3可知，波纹套管套入伸出钢筋两端的护套光缆，并进入钢筋刻槽内一部分。
本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋包括缠绕层8。在本发明中，所述缠绕层8缠绕在所述钢筋5外表面，所述缠绕层8的材质为环氧树脂复合纤维；所述缠绕层的厚度优选为1～2mm，更优选为2mm。本领域可根据实际情况确定缠绕层的厚度。
本发明中带有缠绕层的钢筋的结构如图4所示。由图4可知，环氧树脂复合纤维缠绕在钢筋外层，形成缠绕层。
本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的外表面可带肋，可用纤维束缠绕出相对应的肋间距和肋深。
本发明提供的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋包括紧护套9。在本发明中，所述紧护套9包括第一紧护套和第二紧护套，分别套在所述缠绕层8的两端。
在本发明中，所述紧护套9优选套入所述缠绕层8的端部20mm；所述紧护套9优选比护套光缆6最少短50mm。
本发明中在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的结构如图5所示。由图5可知，紧护套从护套光缆的两端套入，并套在部分缠绕层上。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
沿钢筋5的长度方向开槽，形成刻槽4；
将所述护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中后，用环氧树脂复合纤维缠绕钢筋5，进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5；
将紧护套9从所述护套光缆6套入，并套在所述缠绕层8的两端，得到钢-连续纤维复合智能筋；
所述护套光缆6伸出所述钢筋5的两端。
本发明沿钢筋5的长度方向开槽，形成刻槽4。
在本发明中，所述钢筋5优选为光圆钢筋；本发明对所述钢筋的直径和强度没有特殊限定，可根据实际工程需要选取，如级号HPB300或级号HPB400，直径为6mm、8mm、10mm或14mm。在本发明实施例中，所述钢筋5具体为直径为6mm的HPB400型光圆钢筋。本发明采用光圆钢筋可以保证纤维与钢筋表面完美粘结且纤维在钢筋表明均匀缠绕，使复合智能筋在工作状态均匀受力。
在本发明中，所述开槽的设备优选为金属开槽机。
得到刻槽4后，本发明优选对所述钢筋5进行除污；所述除污的过程优选为用砂纸去除所述钢筋5表面的锈污，再对所述钢筋5的表面进行清洗，去除油污；所述清洗所用溶剂优选为丙酮；本发明对所述砂纸的种类和清洗所用溶剂的用量没有特殊限定，根据实际需要选择即可。
所述除污后，本发明将护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中。
在本发明中，将所述护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中的方法优选为：先用胶带粘附固定所述护套光缆6，再用胶水将所述刻槽4进行封装；所述胶带优选为透明胶带；所述胶水优选为502胶水或环氧树脂，更优选为502胶水。
本发明对所述胶水的种类没有特殊限定，采用本领域熟知种类的胶水即可。本发明对所述胶水的封装过程没有特殊限定，根据实际情况选择合适的封装过程即可。
本发明优选还包括：将波纹套管7套入伸出所述钢筋5两端的护套光缆 6；将波纹套管7套入伸出所述钢筋5两端的护套光缆6优选为：在所述刻槽4的两端内预留不封胶段，将波纹套管7套入护套光缆6的两端并置于不封胶段的刻槽4内，用胶水封装。
在本发明中，所述不封胶段的长度优选为10mm；所述护套光缆6的两端伸出所述波纹套管7的长度优选≥50mm，更优选为50mm。
本发明在护套光缆6的两端套入波纹套管，防止护套光缆在刻槽钢筋的端部出现大角度折损。
将护套光缆6平行固定于所述刻槽4中后，本发明用环氧树脂复合纤维材料缠绕钢筋5，进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5。
在本发明中，所述环氧树脂复合纤维优选包括浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布和浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束；所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布中纤维布优选为碳纤维布、玻璃纤维布或玄武岩纤维布，更优选为碳纤维布；所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束中纤维束优选为碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维或植物纤维，更优选为碳纤维。在本发明实施例中，所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布中纤维布具体为采用12K高强度碳纤维编织而成的HITEX C200型碳纤维布；所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布中环氧树脂优选为Lica-100纤维布粘结胶。本发明对所述环氧树脂、纤维布和纤维束的种类和用量没有特殊限定，本领域可根据实际需要确定环氧树脂、纤维布和纤维束的种类和用量。
在本发明中，所述缠绕的过程优选为用浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布包裹所述植入护套光缆6的钢筋5后，再用浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束进行环向缠绕；所述环向缠绕优选沿钢筋5的长度方向进行，更优选为将纤维布平铺整齐，一端用环氧树脂与钢筋临时固定，然后将纤维布完全浸渍于环氧树脂中，使用钢板将纤维布的另外一端压紧，从与钢筋临时固定的一端开始缓慢转动钢筋，并施加与钢筋轴向垂直的张拉力，将纤维布紧密密实地包裹在钢筋的外表面，然后沿钢筋轴向挤压，去除多余的环氧树脂，再将浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束环向缠绕于纤维布表面。
在进行所述缠绕前，本发明优选采用塑料薄膜包裹伸出钢筋5部分的护套光缆6；所述塑料薄膜优选为保鲜膜。本发明采用塑料薄膜包裹伸出钢筋部分的护套光缆防止在缠绕过程中，护套光缆浸胶或断裂。
本发明对所述固化的方式没有特殊限定，根据所使用环氧树脂的种类确定即可。在本发明实施例中，所述固化的温度优选为30～35℃，更优选为31～34℃。
得到包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5后，本发明用紧护套9从所述护套光缆6套入，并套在所述缠绕层8的两端，得到钢-连续纤维复合智能筋。
在本发明中，所述紧护套9的直径优选比所述包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5的直径大1mm；所述护套光缆6优选比紧护套9长至少50mm；所述紧护套9套入所述包覆缠绕层8的钢筋5的端部的长度优选至少20mm。
本发明通过使护套光缆伸出紧护套的两端，留长护套光缆，以便后期护套光缆与光纤跳线的熔接。
本发明优选还包括对所述紧护套9进行加热；所述加热优选采用喷火枪进行。
本发明通过加热使紧护套收缩，紧紧包裹缠绕层。
下面将结合本发明中的实施例，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例1
采用金属开槽机沿光圆钢筋(直径6mm，长550mm的HPB400型光圆钢筋，其参数如表1所示)长度方向刻1mm×1mm的方槽；用砂纸打磨去除光圆钢筋表面的铁锈并用丙酮清洗钢筋表面去除油污；沿刻槽布设护套光缆(直径为0.9mm的高传递紧包护套应变感测光缆NZS-DSS-C07)，用透明胶带确定位置后，采用502胶水将护套光缆封装于光圆钢筋刻槽内，在刻槽光圆钢筋两端10mm范围内预留不封胶段，待胶水固化后，将直径1mm且比护套光缆短50mm的不锈钢波纹管套入护套光缆的两端，并置于不封胶段的刻槽端部内，然后用胶水封装刻槽端部的不锈钢波纹管；裁剪20束纤维布(采用12K高强度碳纤维编织而成的HITEX C200型碳纤维布)，将裁剪好的纤维布平铺整齐，一端用粘结剂与光圆钢筋临时固定，用塑料薄膜包裹光圆钢筋两端的护套光缆，然后将纤维布完全浸渍于Lica-100纤维布粘结胶中，使用钢板将纤维布的另外一端压紧，从与光圆钢筋临时固定的一端开始 缓慢转动光圆钢筋，并施加与光圆钢筋轴向垂直的张拉力，将纤维布紧密密实地包裹在钢板的外表面，然后沿光圆钢筋轴向挤压，去除多余的粘结胶，再将浸渍有Lica-100纤维布粘结胶的纤维束环向缠绕于纤维布表面，在35℃进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层(厚1mm)的钢筋，将护套光缆穿入比包覆缠绕层的钢筋直径大1mm的紧护套，紧护套套入包覆缠绕层的钢筋的端部20mm，紧护套比护套光缆短50mm，用喷火枪加热紧护套，使紧护套受热收缩，得到在钢筋内芯表面开槽内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋(其参数如表2所示)。
表1光圆钢筋的参数
表2实施例1制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的参数
实施例2
采用金属开槽机沿光圆钢筋(直径6mm，长550mm的HPB400型光圆钢筋，其参数如表3所示)长度方向刻1mm×1mm的方槽；用砂纸打磨去除光圆钢筋表面的铁锈并用丙酮清洗钢筋表面去除油污；沿刻槽布设护套光缆(直径为0.9mm的高传递紧包护套应变感测光缆NZS-DSS-C07)，用透明胶带确定位置后，采用502胶水将护套光缆封装于光圆钢筋刻槽内，在刻槽光圆钢筋两端10mm范围内预留不封胶段，待胶水固化后，将直径1mm且比护套光缆短50mm的不锈钢波纹管套入护套光缆的两端，并置于不封胶段的刻槽端部内，然后用胶水封装刻槽端部的不锈钢波纹管；裁剪36束纤维布(采用12K高强度碳纤维编织而成的HITEX C200型碳纤维布)，将裁剪好的纤维布平铺整齐，一端用粘结剂与光圆钢筋临时固定，用塑料薄膜包裹光圆钢筋两端的护套光缆，然后将纤维布完全浸渍于Lica-100纤维布粘结胶中，使用钢板将纤维布的另外一端压紧，从与光圆钢筋临时固定的一端开始缓慢转动光圆钢筋，并施加与光圆钢筋轴向垂直的张拉力，将纤维布紧密密 实地包裹在钢板的外表面，然后沿光圆钢筋轴向挤压，去除多余的粘结胶，再将浸渍有Lica-100纤维布粘结胶的纤维束环向缠绕于纤维布表面，在35℃进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层(厚2mm)的钢筋，将护套光缆穿入比包覆缠绕层的钢筋直径大1mm的紧护套，紧护套套入包覆缠绕层的钢筋的端部20mm，紧护套比护套光缆短50mm，用喷火枪加热紧护套，使紧护套受热收缩，得到在钢筋内芯表面开槽内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋(其参数如表4所示)。
表3光圆钢筋的参数
表4实施例2制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的参数
实施例3
采用金属开槽机沿光圆钢筋(直径14mm，长550mm的HPB400型光圆钢筋，其参数如表5所示)长度方向刻1mm×1mm的方槽；用砂纸打磨去除光圆钢筋表面的铁锈并用丙酮清洗钢筋表面去除油污；沿刻槽布设护套光缆(直径为0.9mm的高传递紧包护套应变感测光缆NZS-DSS-C07)，用透明胶带确定位置后，采用502胶水将护套光缆封装于光圆钢筋刻槽内，在刻槽光圆钢筋两端10mm范围内预留不封胶段，待胶水固化后，将直径1mm且比护套光缆短50mm的不锈钢波纹管套入护套光缆的两端，并置于不封胶段的刻槽端部内，然后用胶水封装刻槽端部的不锈钢波纹管；裁剪25束纤维布(采用12K高强度碳纤维编织而成的HITEX C200型碳纤维布)，将裁剪好的纤维布平铺整齐，一端用粘结剂与光圆钢筋临时固定，用塑料薄膜包裹光圆钢筋两端的护套光缆，然后将纤维布完全浸渍于Lica-100纤维布粘结胶中，使用钢板将纤维布的另外一端压紧，从与光圆钢筋临时固定的一端开始缓慢转动光圆钢筋，并施加与光圆钢筋轴向垂直的张拉力，将纤维布紧密密实地包裹在钢板的外表面，然后沿光圆钢筋轴向挤压，去除多余的粘结胶， 再将浸渍有Lica-100纤维布粘结胶的纤维束环向缠绕于纤维布表面，在35℃进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层(厚1mm)的钢筋，将护套光缆穿入比包覆缠绕层的钢筋直径大1mm的紧护套，紧护套套入包覆缠绕层的钢筋的端部20mm，紧护套比护套光缆短50mm，用喷火枪加热紧护套，使紧护套受热收缩，得到在钢筋内芯表面开槽内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋(其参数如表6所示)。
表5光圆钢筋的参数
表6实施例3制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的参数
性能测试
(1)为了测试钢-连续纤维复合智能筋应变信号的监测精度，采用MTS对实施例1制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋进行单轴拉伸测试，加载速率为0.5mm/min，并采用非接触应变测试系统DIC获取的应变数据与复合智能筋护套光缆监测的数据进行对比，具体操作为测试前需要将钢-连续纤维复合智能筋两端套入直径32mm，内径25mm的钢管，并灌入膨胀水泥进行端部增强，测试段需要碰上白底的黑色散斑用于DIC测试，其中钢-连续纤维复合智能筋单轴拉伸试件如图6所示，DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复合智能的应力-应变曲线如图7所示，不同应力下智能复合筋监测的应变分布如图8所示。
如图7所示，分别用DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制复合智能筋的应力-应变曲线，图中DIC的应变是通过VIC-3D软件的检查引伸计功能输出的100mm长测试段内的平均应变。智能复合筋的应变是通过OSI系列采集软件获得的护套光缆在100mm长测试段内空间分辨率为1mm的一系列测点应变，平均应变可根据公式获得，其中为测试段的平均应变，εi表示第i个位置的应变，ΔL＝1mm表示空间分辨率，L＝100mm为测试段长度。由图7结果显示，DIC与复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复 合智能筋的应力应变数据一致且复合智能筋最大监测应变与FRP断裂应变相近，表明钢-连续纤维复合智能筋具有较高的应变监测精度且具备服役全过程自感知的能力(其性能测试结果如表7所示)。
表7实施例1制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的性能测试结果
由图8可知，在测试段实施例1制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变基本一致，表明复合智加载过程中受力均匀，应变监测性能稳定。
(2)为了测试钢-连续纤维复合智能筋应变信号的监测精度，采用MTS对实施例2制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋进行单轴拉伸测试，加载速率为0.5mm/min，并采用非接触应变测试系统DIC获取的应变数据与复合智能筋护套光缆监测的数据进行对比，具体操作为测试前需要将钢-连续纤维复合智能筋两端套入直径32mm，内径25mm的钢管，并灌入膨胀水泥进行端部增强，测试段需要碰上白底的黑色散斑用于DIC测试，其中钢-连续纤维复合智能筋单轴拉伸试件如图6所示，DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复合智能的应力-应变曲线如图9所示，不同应力下智能复合筋监测的应变分布如图10所示。
如图9所示，分别用DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制复合智能筋的应力-应变曲线，图中DIC的应变是通过VIC-3D软件的检查引伸计功能输出的100mm长测试段内的平均应变。智能复合筋的应变是通过OSI系列采集软件获得的护套光缆在100mm长测试段内空间分辨率为1mm的一系列测点应变，平均应变可根据公式获得，其中为测试段的平均应变，εi表示第i个位置的应变，ΔL＝1mm表示空间分辨率，L＝100mm为测试段长度。由图9结果显示，DIC与复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复合智能筋的应力应变数据基本一致且复合智能筋最大监测应变与FRP断裂应变相近，表明钢-连续纤维复合智能筋具有较高的应变监测精度且具备服役全过程自感知的能力(其性能测试结果如表8所示)。
表8实施例2制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的性能测试结果

由图10可知，在测试段实施例2制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变基本一致，表明复合智加载过程中受力均匀，应变监测性能稳定。
(3)为了测试钢-连续纤维复合智能筋应变信号的监测精度，采用MTS对实施例3制备的在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋进行单轴拉伸测试，加载速率为0.5mm/min，并采用非接触应变测试系统DIC获取的应变数据与复合智能筋护套光缆监测的数据进行对比，具体操作为测试前需要将钢-连续纤维复合智能筋两端套入直径32mm，内径25mm的钢管，并灌入膨胀水泥进行端部增强，测试段需要碰上白底的黑色散斑用于DIC测试，其中钢-连续纤维复合智能筋单轴拉伸试件如图6所示，DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复合智能的应力-应变曲线如图11所示，不同应力下智能复合筋监测的应变分布如图12所示。
如图11所示，分别用DIC和复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制复合智能筋的应力-应变曲线，图中DIC的应变是通过VIC-3D软件的检查引伸计功能输出的100mm长测试段内的平均应变。智能复合筋的应变是通过OSI系列采集软件获得的护套光缆在100mm长测试段内空间分辨率为1mm的一系列测点应变，平均应变可根据公式获得,其中为测试段的平均应变，εi表示第i个位置的应变，ΔL＝1mm表示空间分辨率，L＝100mm为测试段长度。由图11结果显示，DIC与复合智能筋监测的应变数据绘制的复合智能筋的应力应变数据一致，表明钢-连续纤维复合智能筋具有较高的应变监测精度(其性能测试结果如表9所示)。
表9实施例,3制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的性能测试结果
由图12可知，在测试段实施例2制备的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的应变基本一致，表明复合智加载过程中受力均匀，应变监测性能稳定。
尽管上述实施例对本发明做出了详尽的描述，但它仅仅是本发明一部分实施例而不是全部实施例，人们还可以根据本实施例在不经创造性前提下获得其他实施例，这些实施例都属于本发明保护范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，包括护套光缆(6)、钢筋(5)、缠绕层(8)和紧护套(9)；
    所述护套光缆(6)包括由内向外叠套的玻璃纤维内芯(1)、聚酰亚胺涂覆层(2)和聚氨酯包裹层(3)；
    所述钢筋(5)沿长度方向带有刻槽(4)；所述护套光缆(6)平行嵌在所述刻槽(4)中；
    所述缠绕层(8)缠绕在所述钢筋(5)外表面，所述缠绕层(8)的材质为环氧树脂复合纤维；
    所述紧护套(9)包括第一紧护套和第二紧护套，分别套在所述缠绕层(8)的两端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述玻璃纤维内芯(1)为SMG.652b型玻璃内芯。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述护套光缆(6)的直径<1mm。
  4. 根据权利要求1或3所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述护套光缆(6)的长度大于钢筋(5)的长度，并且所述护套光缆(6)伸出所述钢筋(5)的两端，在伸出钢筋(5)两端的护套光缆(6)分别套有波纹套管(7)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述波纹套管(7)为不锈钢波纹套管。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述波纹套管(7)的内径为1mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述刻槽(4)为1mm×1mm的方槽；所述刻槽(4)的数量≥1；所述护套光缆(6)的数量≥1。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述缠绕层(8)的厚度为1～2mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋，其特征在于，所述紧护套(9)套入所述缠绕层(8)的端部20mm；所述紧护套(9)比护套 光缆(6)最少短50mm。
  10. 权利要求1～9任一项所述钢-连续纤维复合智能筋的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    沿钢筋(5)的长度方向开槽，形成刻槽(4)；
    将所述护套光缆(6)平行固定于所述刻槽(4)中后，用环氧树脂复合纤维缠绕钢筋(5)，进行固化，得到包覆缠绕层(8)的钢筋(5)；
    将紧护套(9)从所述护套光缆(6)套入，并套在所述缠绕层(8)的两端，得到钢-连续纤维复合智能筋；
    所述护套光缆(6)伸出所述钢筋(5)的两端。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，将所述护套光缆(6)平行固定于所述刻槽(4)中的方法为：先用胶带粘附固定所述护套光缆(6)，再用胶水将所述刻槽(4)进行封装。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括：将波纹套管(7)套入伸出所述钢筋(5)两端的护套光缆(6)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制备方法，其特征在于，将波纹套管(7)套入伸出所述钢筋(5)两端的护套光缆(6)为：在所述刻槽(4)的两端内预留不封胶段，将波纹套管(7)套入护套光缆(6)的两端并置于不封胶段的刻槽(4)内，用胶水封装。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述不封胶段的长度为10mm。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述环氧树脂复合纤维包括浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布和浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束；
    所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维布中纤维布为碳纤维布、玻璃纤维布或玄武岩纤维布；所述浸渍有环氧树脂的纤维束中纤维束为碳纤维、玄武岩纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维或植物纤维。
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述钢筋(5)为光圆钢筋。
  17. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，在进行所述缠绕前，还包括：采用塑料薄膜包裹伸出钢筋(5)部分的护套光缆(6)；所述 塑料薄膜为保鲜膜。
  18. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述固化的温度为30～35℃。
  19. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述紧护套(9)的直径比所述包覆缠绕层(8)的钢筋(5)的直径大1mm；所述护套光缆(6)比紧护套(9)长至少50mm；所述紧护套(9)套入所述包覆缠绕层(8)的钢筋(5)的端部的长度至少20mm。
  20. 根据权利要求10所述的制备方法，其特征在于，还包括：对所述紧护套(9)进行加热。
PCT/CN2023/116199 2022-08-31 2023-08-31 一种在钢筋内芯内嵌护套光缆的钢-连续纤维复合智能筋及其制备方法 WO2024046427A1 (zh)

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