WO2024045652A1 - 一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法 - Google Patents

一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024045652A1
WO2024045652A1 PCT/CN2023/090208 CN2023090208W WO2024045652A1 WO 2024045652 A1 WO2024045652 A1 WO 2024045652A1 CN 2023090208 W CN2023090208 W CN 2023090208W WO 2024045652 A1 WO2024045652 A1 WO 2024045652A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
controller
power supply
main controller
auxiliary
sampling circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2023/090208
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐安安
王武博
张兵
汪昌友
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd filed Critical Sungrow Power Supply Co Ltd
Priority to US18/871,467 priority Critical patent/US20250323563A1/en
Publication of WO2024045652A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024045652A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/06—Arrangements for supplying operative power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/04—Details with warning or supervision in addition to disconnection, e.g. for indicating that protective apparatus has functioned
    • H02H3/044—Checking correct functioning of protective arrangements, e.g. by simulating a fault
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/02—Details
    • H02H3/05—Details with means for increasing reliability, e.g. redundancy arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for electronic equipment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, and specifically relates to a power supply control and protection system and a control and protection method.
  • each photovoltaic string includes multiple photovoltaic modules connected in series, and each photovoltaic module includes multiple cells connected in series.
  • the output positive and negative poles of the photovoltaic modules and the corresponding cell chip connection points are inversely connected. Diodes in parallel.
  • a trip switch is connected between the photovoltaic string and the converter.
  • a trip command needs to be issued to disconnect the trip switch, which acts as a protection device. Therefore, from the perspective of safety regulations, the circuit that controls the trip switch needs to adopt redundant control.
  • the current design solution requires two sets of switching power supply, controller and sampling circuit, which is complex and costly.
  • this application provides a power supply control protection system and control protection method, which can reduce costs and simplify circuits on the premise of achieving redundant control of trip switches.
  • this application provides a power supply control and protection system, including: switching power supply, main controller, auxiliary controller, sampling circuit, and energy storage element;
  • Switching power supply used to power the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller
  • Energy storage component used to provide auxiliary power for the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller
  • the sampling circuit has a self-test function and sends the self-test result to at least one of the main controller and the auxiliary controller;
  • the main controller or auxiliary controller controls the converter to work
  • the primary controller and the secondary controller communicate with each other.
  • it also includes: a trip switch connected between the DC power supply and the converter;
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch to open.
  • it also includes: a mutual detection device connected between the main controller and the auxiliary controller;
  • the mutual detection device is used to detect whether the status of the main controller and the auxiliary controller is normal, and send the status results to the main controller and the auxiliary controller; when the main controller or the auxiliary controller is abnormal, the trip switch is controlled to open.
  • the energy storage element includes a first energy storage element and a second energy storage element
  • the first energy storage element is used to provide auxiliary power for the trip switch
  • the second energy storage element is used to provide auxiliary power for the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller.
  • the voltage of the first energy storage element is greater than the voltage of the second energy storage element.
  • the first energy storage element includes at least one of the following: energy storage capacitor, battery or lithium battery;
  • the second energy storage component includes at least one of the following: supercapacitor, electrolytic capacitor, storage battery or lithium battery.
  • the converter includes: DCDC converter;
  • the input end of the DCDC converter is connected to the DC power supply through a trip switch.
  • the DC power supply includes a plurality of photovoltaic strings connected in parallel.
  • the converter is used to take power from at least one photovoltaic string to supply power to the switching power supply.
  • the output end of the DCDC converter is connected to a switching power supply, and the switching power supply takes power from the output end of the DCDC converter.
  • the switching power supply is located inside the converter.
  • the power supply system includes: a switching power supply, a main controller, an auxiliary controller, a sampling circuit and an energy storage element; the main controller and the auxiliary controller communicate with each other;
  • the method includes:
  • the switching power supply When the switching power supply is normal, the switching power supply is controlled to supply power to the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller; when the switching power supply is abnormal, the energy storage element is controlled to supply power to the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller;
  • the sampling circuit performs self-test.
  • the self-test result shows that the sampling circuit is normal, the main controller or the auxiliary controller controls the converter to work.
  • the method also includes:
  • At least one of the main controller and the auxiliary controller receives the self-test result sent by the sampling circuit, and when one of the controllers receives the self-test result, the self-test result is sent to the other controller.
  • the power supply system further includes: a trip switch connected between the DC power supply and the converter;
  • the method also includes:
  • the mutual detection device uses the mutual detection device to detect whether the status of the main controller and the auxiliary controller is normal.
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch to open.
  • the method further includes: both the main controller and the auxiliary controller receive the self-test results.
  • the power control protection system includes: converter, switching power supply, main controller, auxiliary controller, sampling circuit, trip switch and energy storage element; in order to ensure the effective and reliable operation of the fault isolation circuit, an energy storage element is set As an auxiliary power supply, when the switching power supply cannot supply power normally, the energy storage element can be used to power the controller and sampling circuit, thereby ensuring the reliability of normal sampling and control of the power system and ensuring that the fault isolation circuit can operate reliably.
  • the power supply system is a photovoltaic system
  • the fault isolation circuit can be reliably disconnected, that is, automatically tripped, thereby preventing the reversely connected photovoltaic strings from being burned.
  • the sampling circuit since the sampling circuit has a self-test function and sends the self-test results to at least one of the two controllers, faults in the sampling circuit can be discovered in time, eliminating the need to set up two sampling circuits and saving costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control protection system provided by this application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific power control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control and protection system with a mutual detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system corresponding to a power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a control and protection method for a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power control protection system provided by this application.
  • the power control protection system also includes: a converter and a switching power supply 200.
  • This application does not specifically limit the type of DC power supply.
  • it can come from photovoltaic strings, wind turbines, or energy storage batteries.
  • the power system is a photovoltaic system.
  • the converter including the DCDC conversion circuit 300 is taken as an example for introduction. It should be understood that the converter may include a DCDC conversion circuit and a DCAC conversion circuit.
  • the switching power supply 200 is used to obtain power from the DCDC conversion circuit 300, and the switching power supply 200 is used to supply power to the control circuit (not shown in the figure).
  • control circuits generally include controllers.
  • the switching power supply 200 in addition to the switching power supply 200, it also includes a sampling circuit 500 and a controller 400. From a safety perspective, sampling redundancy control is required.
  • the current design solution is the switching power supply 200, the controller 400 and the sampling circuit 500. Both require two sets, the circuit is complex and the cost is high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage component as an auxiliary power supply instead of two sets of switching power supplies. Since the energy storage component has a simpler structure than the switching power supply, the cost can be reduced.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply control and protection system includes: a converter, a switching power supply 200, a main controller 401, an auxiliary controller 402, a sampling circuit 500 and an energy storage element 600;
  • This embodiment continues to introduce the converter including the DCDC conversion circuit 300 as an example.
  • Switching power supply 200 is used to power the sampling circuit 500, the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402;
  • the energy storage element 600 is used to provide auxiliary power for the sampling circuit 500, the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402.
  • the energy storage component 600 can be an electrical component with an energy storage function, such as a capacitor or a battery, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. Compared with the switching power supply 200, the energy storage element 600 has a simpler structure and lower cost. The output voltage of the energy storage element 600 can be set according to the requirements of the electrical load.
  • the sampling circuit 500 has a self-test function and sends the self-test result to at least one of the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402 .
  • sampling circuit 500 Since the sampling circuit 500 has a self-test function, it can be discovered in time whether the sampling circuit 500 can operate normally. Therefore, only one sampling circuit 500 can be provided instead of two sampling circuits, thereby saving the cost of the voltage system.
  • the main controller 401 or the auxiliary controller 402 controls the converter to work; the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402 can communicate with each other.
  • the self-test result of the sampling circuit 500 can be sent to one of the controllers, and the controller that receives the self-test result notifies the other controller. Self-test results can also be sent to both controllers.
  • the power supply control protection system provided by the embodiment of the present application can use the energy storage element 600 to supply power to the controller and sampling circuit when the switching power supply 200 cannot supply power normally, thereby ensuring the reliability of normal sampling and control of the power supply system.
  • the sampling circuit has a self-test function and sends the self-test results to at least one of the two controllers, faults in the sampling circuit can be discovered in time, eliminating the need to set up two sampling circuits and saving costs.
  • the power supply system also includes a trip switch. Since the trip switch and the controller require different voltages, the energy storage element 600 can include two, corresponding to two auxiliary power supplies. Detailed introduction is given below with reference to the attached figures.
  • a trip switch is also called a trip switch.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic diagram of yet another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the energy storage elements include a first energy storage element 601 and a second energy storage element 602;
  • the first energy storage element 601 is used to provide auxiliary power for the trip switch 100;
  • the second energy storage element 602 is used to provide auxiliary power for the sampling circuit 500, the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402;
  • the voltage of the first energy storage element 601 is greater than the voltage of the second energy storage element 602 .
  • a first energy storage element 601 for the trip switch 100 which can be used as at least one of the following:
  • Energy storage components such as energy storage capacitors, batteries, and lithium batteries, for example, can use 12V voltage.
  • the second energy storage component 602 includes at least one of the following: supercapacitor, electrolytic capacitor, storage battery or lithium battery. For example, 5V voltage can be selected.
  • the first energy storage element 601 and the second energy storage element 602 are not affected by the reverse connection of the photovoltaic string, when the switching power supply 200 cannot supply power normally, the first energy storage element 601 can supply power to the trip switch 100.
  • the second energy storage element 602 supplies power to the sampling circuit 500, the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402.
  • the sampling circuit in the power supply control protection system provided by the embodiment of the present application has a self-test function, that is, when an abnormality occurs in the sampling circuit, the controller will control the fault isolation switch to open.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the sampling circuit 500 has a self-test function and sends the self-test results to at least one of the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402;
  • the main controller 401 or the auxiliary controller 402 controls the converter to work.
  • the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402 communicate with each other; that is, the sampling circuit 500 sends the self-test results to the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402, or the sampling circuit 500 only sends the self-test results to the main controller 401, or the sampling circuit 500 only sends the self-test result to the auxiliary controller 402. Since the two can communicate, when the sampling circuit 500 only sends the self-test result to one of the controllers, the self-test is received. The controller can communicate the result to another controller.
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch 100 to open. That is, if either the main controller 401 or the auxiliary controller 402 has a fault, the trip switch 100 needs to be disconnected to ensure the safety of the power system.
  • the DCAC conversion circuit at the downstream stage of the DCDC conversion circuit 300 is connected to the grid.
  • the sampling circuit since the sampling circuit has a self-checking function, the accuracy of the sampling structure is ensured and the safety of the power supply system is ensured. Therefore, it is not necessary to set up two sets of sampling circuits, which can further simplify the circuit and save costs.
  • the sampling circuit introduced above can send the self-test results to one of the controllers. If the controller is abnormal, it cannot be judged whether the sampling circuit is normal. Therefore, in order to further ensure the power supply system For safety, a mutual detection device can be added between the main controller and the auxiliary controller, which will be introduced in detail below with reference to the attached figure. It should be understood that when the sampling circuit sends the self-test results to the two controllers, the mutual inspection device does not need to be provided.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control and protection system with a mutual detection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power control protection system provided by this embodiment also includes: a mutual detection device 403 connected between the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402;
  • the mutual detection device 403 is used to detect whether the status of the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402 is normal, and send the status results to the main controller 401 and the auxiliary controller 402.
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch 100 to open, or it can send an instruction to the trip switch 100 to indicate tripping, that is, tripping. Thereby ensuring the safety of the power system.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system corresponding to a power supply control protection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the DC power supply includes multiple photovoltaic strings connected in parallel.
  • the input end of the trip switch 100 is connected to n photovoltaic strings.
  • n photovoltaic strings are connected in parallel. That is, PV1+, PV2+ until PVn+ are connected together, and PV1-, PV2- until PVn- are connected together.
  • the switching power supply 200 is used to supply power to the control circuit and the trip switch 100.
  • the power supply of the switching power supply 200 comes from the photovoltaic string.
  • the switching power supply 200 can be used as a switching power supply inside an inverter in a photovoltaic system, or can be located outside the inverter.
  • the converter is used to draw power from at least one photovoltaic string to supply power to the switching power supply.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a control and protection method for the power supply system, which will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • FIG 8 is a flow chart of a control and protection method for a power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the power supply system includes: a switching power supply, a main controller, an auxiliary controller, a sampling circuit and an energy storage element; the main controller and the auxiliary controller communicate with each other;
  • the method includes:
  • S801 When the switching power supply is normal, the switching power supply is controlled to supply power to the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller; when the switching power supply is abnormal, the energy storage component is controlled to supply power to the sampling circuit, main controller and auxiliary controller;
  • S802 The sampling circuit performs self-test.
  • the self-test result shows that the sampling circuit is normal, the main controller or auxiliary controller controls the converter to work.
  • an energy storage component is set up as an auxiliary power supply.
  • the energy storage component can be used to supply power to the controller and sampling circuit, thereby ensuring normal sampling and reliable control of the power system.
  • the fault isolation circuit can operate reliably.
  • the power supply system is a photovoltaic system
  • the fault isolation circuit can be reliably disconnected, that is, automatically tripped, thereby preventing the reversely connected photovoltaic strings from being burned.
  • the sampling circuit has a self-test function and sends the self-test results to at least one of the two controllers, faults in the sampling circuit can be discovered in time, eliminating the need to set up two sampling circuits and saving costs.
  • the method also includes:
  • At least one of the main controller and the auxiliary controller receives the self-test result sent by the sampling circuit; when one of the controllers receives the self-test result, the self-test result is sent to the other controller.
  • the main controller or the auxiliary controller controls the converter to work.
  • Both the main controller and the auxiliary controller can also receive the self-test results, so as to further reliably know whether the sampling circuit is normal.
  • the power system also includes: a trip switch connected between the DC power supply and the converter;
  • the method also includes:
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch to open.
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch to open, or it can issue instructions to the trip switch, indicating a trip, that is, tripping. Thereby ensuring the safety of the power system.
  • the method also includes:
  • the mutual detection device uses the mutual detection device to detect whether the status of the main controller and the auxiliary controller is normal.
  • the normal controller controls the trip switch to open.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Protection Of Static Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开了一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法，系统包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路、和储能元件；开关电源，用于为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；储能元件，用于为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器提供辅助电源；采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给主控制器和辅控制器中的至少一个；当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器或辅控制器控制变换器进行工作；主控制器和辅控制器之间互相通信。当开关电源不能正常供电时，储能元件为控制器和采样电路供电，保证电源系统的正常采样和控制的可靠性从而保证故障隔离电路可以可靠动作。采样电路具有自检功能，及时发现采样电路的故障，不必设置两个采样电路，节省成本。

Description

一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法
本申请要求于2022年09月02日提交中国国家知识产权局的申请号为202211071323.0、申请名称为“一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源发电技术领域，具体涉及一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法。
背景技术
随着新能源的不断发展，目前光伏发电的应用越来越广泛，一般多个光伏组串并联在一起。其中，每个光伏组串包括多个串联在一起的光伏组件，每个光伏组件内部又包括多个串联在一起的电池片，光伏组件的输出正负极和相应的电池片连接点之间反并联二极管。
为了安全，在光伏组串和变换器之间连接有脱扣开关，当检测到故障后，需要下发跳脱指令让脱扣开关断开，脱扣开关充当保护装置。因此，从安规的角度，控制脱扣开关的电路需要采取冗余控制，目前的设计方案是开关电源、控制器和采样电路都需要两套，电路复杂，成本高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种电源控制保护系统及控制保护方法，能够对脱扣开关实现冗余控制的前提下，降低成本，精简电路。
为解决上述问题，本申请一种电源控制保护系统，包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路、和储能元件；
开关电源，用于为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；
储能元件，用于为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器提供辅助电源；
采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给主控制器和辅控制器中的至少一个；
当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器或辅控制器控制变换器进行工作；
主控制器和辅控制器之间互相通信。
优选地，还包括：连接在直流电源和变换器之间的脱扣开关；
当主控制器或辅控制器中有一个异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关断开。
优选地，还包括：连接在主控制器和辅控制器之间的互检装置；
互检装置，用于检测主控制器和辅控制器的状态是否正常，将状态结果发送给主控制器和辅控制器；当主控制器或辅控制器异常时，控制脱扣开关断开。
优选地，储能元件包括第一储能元件和第二储能元件；
第一储能元件，用于为脱扣开关提供辅助电源；
第二储能元件，用于为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器提供辅助电源。
优选地，第一储能元件的电压大于第二储能元件的电压。
优选地，第一储能元件包括以下至少一种：储能电容、蓄电池或锂电池；
第二储能元件包括以下至少一种：超级电容、电解电容、蓄电池或锂电池。
优选地，变换器包括：DCDC变换器；
DCDC变换器的输入端通过脱扣开关连接直流电源。
优选地，直流电源包括多个并联在一起的光伏组串。
优选地，变换器，用于从至少一串光伏组串取电为开关电源供电。
优选地，DCDC变换器的输出端连接开关电源，开关电源从DCDC变换器的输出端取电。
优选地，开关电源位于变换器内部。
本申请还提供一种电源系统的控制保护方法，电源系统包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路和储能元件；主控制器和辅控制器之间互相通信；
该方法包括：
开关电源正常时，控制开关电源为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；当开关电源异常时，控制储能元件为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；
采样电路进行自检，当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器或辅控制器控制变换器进行工作。
优选地，该方法还包括：
主控制器和辅控制器中的至少一个接收采样电路发送的自检结果，当其中一个控制器接收自检结果时，将自检结果发送给另一个控制器。
优选地，电源系统还包括：连接在直流电源和变换器之间的脱扣开关；
该方法还包括：
利用互检装置检测主控制器和辅控制器的状态是否正常，当主控制器或辅控制器异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关断开。
优选地，该方法还包括：主控制器和辅控制器均接收自检结果。
由此可见，本申请具有如下有益效果：
本申请提供的电源控制保护系统，包括：变换器、开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路、脱扣开关和储能元件；为了保证故障隔离电路有效可靠动作，设置了储能元件作为辅助电源，当开关电源不能正常供电时，可以利用储能元件为控制器和采样电路供电，从而保证电源系统的正常采样和控制的可靠性从而保证故障隔离电路可以可靠动作。例如电源系统为光伏系统时，当光伏组串存在反接时，故障隔离电路可以可靠断开，即自动跳脱，从而避免反接的光伏组串烧毁。另外，由于采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给两个控制器中的至少一个，因此，可以及时发现采样电路的故障，从而不必设置两个采样电路，节省成本。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的一种电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种具体的电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的又一种电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的再一种电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的带有互检装置的电源控制保护系统的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电源控制保护系统对应的光伏系统的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种的电源系统的控制保护方法流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本领域技术人员更好地理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，下面先介绍本申请提供的技术方案的应用场景。
参见图1，该图为本申请提供的一种电源控制保护系统的示意图。
电源控制保护系统除了包括光伏组串以外，还包括：变换器和开关电源200。
本申请不具体限定直流电源的类型，例如可以来自光伏组串，也可以来自风机，也可以来自储能电池。当直流电源来自光伏组串时，该电源系统为光伏系统。
其中，以变换器包括DCDC转换电路300为例进行介绍，应该理解，变换器可以包括DCDC转换电路和DCAC转换电路。
开关电源200作为电源系统的辅助电源，用于从DCDC转换电路300取电，开关电源200用于为控制电路(图中未示出)供电。例如控制电路一般包括控制器。
参见图2，除了包括开关电源200以外，还包括采样电路500和控制器400，从安规角度来说，需要采样冗余控制，目前的设计方案是开关电源200、控制器400和采样电路500都需要两套，电路复杂，成本高。
本申请实施例为了精简电路，降低成本，设置了储能元件作为辅助电源，并没有设置两套开关电源，由于储能元件相比于开关电源结构简单，因此可以降低成本。
为使本申请的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请实施例作进一步详细的说明。
参见图3，该图为本申请实施例提供的又一种电源控制保护系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，包括：变换器、开关电源200、主控制器401、辅控制器402、采样电路500和储能元件600；
本实施例继续以变换器包括DCDC转换电路300为例进行介绍
变换器，用于从直流电源取电为开关电源200供电；
开关电源200，用于为采样电路500、主控制器401和辅控制器402供电；
储能元件600，用于为采样电路500、主控制器401和辅控制器402提供辅助电源。
储能元件600可以选择具有储能功能的电气元件，例如电容或电池等，本申请实施例不做具体限定。由于储能元件600相比开关电源200的结构简单，成本低。储能元件600的输出电压可以根据用电负载的要求来设置。
采样电路500具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给主控制器401和辅控制器402中的至少一个。
由于采样电路500具有自检功能，可以及时发现采样电路500是否可以正常工作。因此，采样电路500只设置一个即可，不必设置两个采样电路，从而可以节省电压系统的成本。
当自检结果为采样电路500正常时，主控制器401或辅控制器402控制变换器进行工作；主控制器401和辅控制器402之间可以互相通信。
由于主控制器401和辅控制器402之间可以互相通信，因此，采样电路500的自检结果可以发给其中一个控制器，由收到自检结果的一个控制器通知另一个控制器。自检结果也可以发给两个控制器。
本申请实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，当开关电源200不能正常供电时，可以利用储能元件600为控制器和采样电路供电，从而保证电源系统的正常采样和控制的可靠性。另外，由于采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给两个控制器中的至少一个，因此，可以及时发现采样电路的故障，从而不必设置两个采样电路，节省成本。
下面介绍电源系统还包括脱扣开关时的具体实现方式，由于脱扣开关和控制器需求的电压不同，因此，储能元件600可以包括两个，即对应两个辅助电源。下面结合附图进行详细介绍。脱扣开关又称为跳脱开关。
参见图4，该图为本申请实施例提供的再一种电源控制保护系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，储能元件包括第一储能元件601和第二储能元件602；
第一储能元件601，用于为脱扣开关100提供辅助电源；
第二储能元件602，用于为采样电路500、主控制器401和辅控制器402提供辅助电源；
第一储能元件601的电压大于第二储能元件602的电压。
由于脱扣开关100的电源和控制器的电源都是低压，因此，可以不必设置额外的辅助开关电源，即不必设置两个开关电源。本实施例给脱扣开关100设计第一储能元件601，可以用为以下至少一种：
储能电容、蓄电池、锂电池等储能元件，例如可以选用12V电压。
第二储能元件602包括以下至少一种：超级电容、电解电容、蓄电池或锂电池。例如可以选用5V电压。
由于第一储能元件601和第二储能元件602不受反接光伏组串的影响，因此，可以在开关电源200不能正常供电时，第一储能元件601为脱扣开关100供电，第二储能元件602为采样电路500、主控制器401和辅控制器402供电。
为了确保电源控制保护系统的安全可靠性，本申请实施例提供的电源控制保护系统中的采样电路具有自检功能，即采样电路出现异常时，控制器将控制故障隔离开关断开。下面结合附图进行详细介绍。
参见图5，该图为本申请实施例提供的另一种电源控制保护系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，采样电路500具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给主控制器401和辅控制器402中的至少一个；
当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器401或辅控制器402控制变换器进行工作。
主控制器401和辅控制器402之间互相通信；即，采样电路500将自检结果发送给主控制器401和辅控制器402，或者，采样电路500仅将自检结果发送给主控制器401，或者，采样电路500仅将自检结果发送给辅控制器402，由于两个之间可以通信，因此，当采样电路500仅将自检结果发送给其中一个控制器时，收到自检结果的控制器可以通过通信告知另一个控制器。
当主控制器401或辅控制器402中有一个异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关100断开。即，如果主控制器401或辅控制器402中有一个具有故障，则脱扣开关100需要断开，以保证电源系统的安全性。
只有两个控制器均正常，而且采样电路500的自检结果表征采样电路500没有问题时，变换器才可以正常工作，例如DCDC转换电路300后级的DCAC转换电路进行并网。
本申请实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，由于采样电路具有自检功能，从而保证采样结构的准确性，确保电源系统的安全性。因此，不必设置两套采样电路，可以进一步精简电路，节省成本。
以上介绍的采样电路可以将自检结果送给其中一个控制器，如果该控制器出现异常，则无法判断采样电路是否正常，因此，为了进一步保证电源系统的 安全性，可以在主控制器和辅控制器之间增加互检装置，下面结合附图进行详细介绍。应该理解，当采样电路将自检结果送给两个控制器时，也可以不设置该互检装置。
参见图6，该图为本申请实施例提供的带有互检装置的电源控制保护系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，还包括：连接在主控制器401和辅控制器402之间的互检装置403；
互检装置403，用于检测主控制器401和辅控制器402的状态是否正常，将状态结果发送给主控制器401和辅控制器402。
当主控制器401或辅控制器402异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关100断开，也可以向脱扣开关100下发指令，指示为跳脱，即脱扣。从而保证电源系统的安全性。
参见图7，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电源控制保护系统对应的光伏系统的示意图。
本实施例提供的电源控制保护系统，直流电源包括多个并联在一起的光伏组串。本实施例中以脱扣开关100的输入端连接n个光伏组串为例，一般，n个光伏组串并联在一起。即PV1+、PV2+直至PVn+连接在一起，PV1-、PV2-直至PVn-连接在一起。
开关电源200作为光伏系统的辅助电源，用于为控制电路个脱扣开关100供电，开关电源200的电源来自于光伏组串。例如，开关电源200可以作为光伏系统中逆变器内部的开关电源，也可以位于逆变器的外部。变换器，用于从至少一串光伏组串取电为开关电源供电。
基于以上实施例提供的一种电源控制保护系统，本申请实施例还提供一种电源系统的控制保护方法，下面结合附图进行详细介绍。
参见图8，该图为本申请实施例提供的一种电源系统的控制保护方法流程图。
本实施例提供的电源系统的控制保护方法，电源系统包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路和储能元件；主控制器和辅控制器之间互相通信；
该方法包括：
S801：开关电源正常时，控制开关电源为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；当开关电源异常时，控制储能元件为采样电路、主控制器和辅控制器供电；
S802：采样电路进行自检，当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器或辅控制器控制变换器进行工作。
为了保证故障隔离电路有效可靠动作，设置了储能元件作为辅助电源，当开关电源不能正常供电时，可以利用储能元件为控制器和采样电路供电，从而保证电源系统的正常采样和控制的可靠性从而保证故障隔离电路可以可靠动作。例如电源系统为光伏系统时，当光伏组串存在反接时，故障隔离电路可以可靠断开，即自动跳脱，从而避免反接的光伏组串烧毁。另外，由于采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给两个控制器中的至少一个，因此，可以及时发现采样电路的故障，从而不必设置两个采样电路，节省成本。
该方法还包括：
主控制器和辅控制器中的至少一个接收采样电路发送的自检结果；当其中一个控制器接收自检结果时，将自检结果发送给另一个控制器。
当自检结果为采样电路正常时，主控制器或辅控制器控制变换器进行工作。
主控制器和辅控制器也可以均接收自检结果，进而可以进一步可靠获知采样电路是否正常。
电源系统还包括：连接在直流电源和变换器之间的脱扣开关；
该方法还包括：
当主控制器或辅控制器中有一个异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关断开。
当主控制器或辅控制器异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关断开，也可以向脱扣开关下发指令，指示为跳脱，即脱扣。从而保证电源系统的安全性。
该方法还包括：
利用互检装置检测主控制器和辅控制器的状态是否正常，当主控制器或辅控制器异常时，正常的控制器控制脱扣开关断开。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它 实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电源控制保护系统，其特征在于，包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路、和储能元件；
    所述开关电源，用于为所述采样电路、所述主控制器和所述辅控制器供电；
    所述储能元件，用于为所述采样电路、所述主控制器和所述辅控制器提供辅助电源；
    所述采样电路具有自检功能，将自检结果发送给所述主控制器和所述辅控制器中的至少一个；
    当所述自检结果为所述采样电路正常时，所述主控制器或所述辅控制器控制变换器进行工作；
    所述主控制器和所述辅控制器之间互相通信。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：连接在直流电源和所述变换器之间的脱扣开关；
    当所述主控制器或所述辅控制器中有一个异常时，正常的控制器控制所述脱扣开关断开。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：连接在所述主控制器和所述辅控制器之间的互检装置；
    所述互检装置，用于检测所述主控制器和所述辅控制器的状态是否正常，将状态结果发送给所述主控制器和所述辅控制器；当所述主控制器或所述辅控制器异常时，控制所述脱扣开关断开。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的系统，其特征在于，所述储能元件包括第一储能元件和第二储能元件；
    所述第一储能元件，用于为所述脱扣开关提供辅助电源；
    所述第二储能元件，用于为所述采样电路、所述主控制器和所述辅控制器提供辅助电源。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一储能元件的电压大于所述第二储能元件的电压。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的系统，其特征在于，所述第一储能元件包括以下至少一种：储能电容、蓄电池或锂电池；
    所述第二储能元件包括以下至少一种：超级电容、电解电容、蓄电池或锂电池。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述变换器包括：DCDC变换器；
    所述DCDC变换器的输入端通过所述脱扣开关连接所述直流电源。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的系统，其特征在于，所述直流电源包括多个并联在一起的光伏组串。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述变换器，用于从所述至少一串光伏组串取电为所述开关电源供电。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的系统，其特征在于，所述DCDC变换器的输出端连接开关电源，所述开关电源从所述DCDC变换器的输出端取电。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述开关电源位于变换器内部。
  12. 一种电源系统的控制保护方法，其特征在于，所述电源系统包括：开关电源、主控制器、辅控制器、采样电路和储能元件；所述主控制器和所述辅控制器之间互相通信；
    该方法包括：
    所述开关电源正常时，控制所述开关电源为所述采样电路、所述主控制器和所述辅控制器供电；当所述开关电源异常时，控制所述储能元件为所述采样电路、所述主控制器和所述辅控制器供电；
    所述采样电路进行自检，当所述自检结果为所述采样电路正常时，所述主控制器或所述辅控制器控制变换器进行工作。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：
    所述主控制器和所述辅控制器中的至少一个接收所述采样电路发送的自检结果，当其中一个控制器接收所述自检结果时，将所述自检结果发送给另一个控制器。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电源系统还包括：连接在直流电源和变换器之间的脱扣开关；
    该方法还包括：
    利用互检装置检测所述主控制器和所述辅控制器的状态是否正常，当所述主控制器或所述辅控制器异常时，正常的控制器控制所述脱扣开关断开。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括：所述主控制器和所述辅控制器均接收所述自检结果。
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