WO2024042655A1 - Système, dispositif de traitement d'informations, dispositif serveur, programme informatique et/ou procédé - Google Patents

Système, dispositif de traitement d'informations, dispositif serveur, programme informatique et/ou procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024042655A1
WO2024042655A1 PCT/JP2022/031934 JP2022031934W WO2024042655A1 WO 2024042655 A1 WO2024042655 A1 WO 2024042655A1 JP 2022031934 W JP2022031934 W JP 2022031934W WO 2024042655 A1 WO2024042655 A1 WO 2024042655A1
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Prior art keywords
data
supply chain
stage
batch
blockchain
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PCT/JP2022/031934
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
ディリーパ ジャヤティラカ
Original Assignee
Ｔｒａｃｉｆｉｅｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ 株式会社
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Application filed by Ｔｒａｃｉｆｉｅｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ 株式会社 filed Critical Ｔｒａｃｉｆｉｅｄ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ 株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2022/031934 priority Critical patent/WO2024042655A1/fr
Publication of WO2024042655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024042655A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/083—Shipping

Definitions

  • the technology disclosed in this application relates to a system, an information processing device, a server device, a computer program, and/or a method.
  • various embodiments of the present invention provide a system, an information processing device, a server device, a computer program, and/or a method to solve the above problems.
  • One embodiment according to the present application is a first acquisition unit that acquires one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • a second acquisition unit that acquires the one or more second data including geographical data and temporal data obtained by acquiring the geographical data; Processing is performed to associate the one or more pieces of second data with management unit data for at least one stage of a plurality of stages according to the configuration of the supply chain or value chain, and to store the data in a blockchain.
  • processing section A system equipped with
  • inventions according to the present application include: the system, a first acquisition step of acquiring one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • inventions according to the present application include: system, a first acquisition means for acquiring one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • processing means A computer program for operating as
  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to a technique that utilizes data related to an object.
  • FIG. 1 is an example block diagram showing the relationship between a system and peripheral devices according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of processing of a system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of stages and the like of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is an example of a screen displayed by an end user application of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a screen displayed by an end user application of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an example of a screen displayed by an end user application of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an example schematically showing the relationship of data related to batch IDs in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is an example block diagram showing the relationship between a system and peripheral devices according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of processing of a system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of stages and the like of a
  • FIG. 8 is an example schematically showing the relationship of data related to batch IDs in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is an example schematically showing the relationship of data related to batch IDs in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an example schematically showing the relationship of data related to batch IDs in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an example schematically showing the relationship of data related to batch IDs in a system according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is an example of a screen displayed by an end user application of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an example of a screen displayed by an end user application of a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is an example of a relationship between stages and static data types and/or dynamic data types in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is an example of a relationship between stages and static data types and/or dynamic data types in a system according to one embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of an information processing
  • the technology according to the present application relates to a technology that supports the use of such data.
  • the hardware that executes the computer software according to the present application may be composed of one or more information processing devices. Further, the hardware that executes the computer software according to the present application may include one or more sensors, one or more servers, one or more terminal devices, and/or one or more sensors. The hardware that executes the computer software according to the present application may be in a cloud format. Note that one or more sensors may include an information processing device.
  • the sensor may be a device capable of acquiring data of the external environment.
  • the sensor may be a visual sensor, an auditory data sensor, a tactile sensor, an olfactory sensor, a gustatory sensor, a geographic data acquisition sensor, and/or the like.
  • the visual sensor may be a sensor capable of acquiring images such as still images or moving images, and may be an imaging device.
  • the auditory sensor may be a sensor capable of acquiring sound data.
  • the tactile sensor may be a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, or the like.
  • the olfactory sensor may be a smell sensor.
  • the gustatory sensor may be a taste sensor.
  • Geographic data acquisition sensors may be GPS, RTLS, etc.
  • the information processing device may be a printer equipped with a printing function.
  • the printer may have a function of printing code data according to instructions from a server, a cloud, and/or a terminal device.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of the various systems described below.
  • the system of one embodiment may include a server 001.
  • the system of one embodiment may be comprised of one or more servers.
  • the system of other embodiments may be configured from one or more servers and/or a cloud system.
  • the server and/or cloud system may be owned by the same owner as the system in one embodiment, or may be owned by a different owner.
  • the system of other embodiments may include one or more servers, a cloud system, and/or one or more terminal devices.
  • the system of other embodiments may be configured only from one or more terminal devices. Particularly in the case where the system of one embodiment directly accesses the blockchain, the system of one embodiment may be configured only from a user terminal, an authenticator terminal, or an end user terminal.
  • Such a system may be managed, including operation, by one or more terminal devices.
  • one or more terminal devices may be connectable to the server 001 directly or indirectly so as to be able to send and receive data.
  • the terminal devices F and G may be devices that perform management including system operation.
  • terminal devices F and G may be devices used by a system administrator.
  • One or more terminal devices may be connectable to the server 001, directly or indirectly, so as to be able to send and receive data.
  • one or more terminal devices may be connectable to the server 001 via the Internet.
  • terminal devices 002A to 002E are shown, but these are just examples, and there is no limit to the number.
  • One terminal device may have a function of receiving input of one or more static data types and/or one or more dynamic data types related to one or more stages, which will be described later.
  • one terminal device inputs data corresponding to one or more static data types and/or data corresponding to one or more dynamic data types related to one or more stages described below.
  • a program capable of executing a user application, an authenticator application, and/or an end user application may be downloaded from the Internet and installed on one or more terminal devices.
  • the one or more terminal devices may be capable of executing a user application, an authenticator application, and/or an end user application, which will be described later.
  • Embodiment 3.1 System of First Embodiment Next, the processing of the system of one embodiment according to the present application will be explained in chronological order.
  • Step 1 The system of this embodiment may obtain multiple stages for a particular supply chain. The definition of the stage will be described later.
  • final object what is provided to the final end user in the supply chain or value chain targeted by the system of this embodiment is simply referred to as the "final object.”
  • objects may be physical objects such as agricultural products such as apples, foodstuffs such as cheese, industrial products, traditional crafts, and works of art provided to consumers, as well as crypto assets. It may also be electronic. The object may also be an act by a charity organization.
  • intermediate objects objects included in “objects” are referred to as “intermediate objects.” Examples of intermediate objects include raw materials for the object, parts to be incorporated into the object, and the like.
  • the items that are used in the supply chain until the target item is provided are referred to as "used items.”
  • the materials to be used include a manufacturing device, a sorting device, an inspection device, a transportation device, a storage device, and the like. These objects may be agricultural products or industrial products.
  • the term "object” may be used as a general concept of the final object, intermediate object, and utilization object.
  • propagation, harvesting, transportation, processing facility, storage, packaging, and/or shipping. may be input and stored as a stage in the system of this embodiment.
  • system of this embodiment may obtain one or more static data types and/or one or more dynamic data types in association with each stage.
  • the data associated with the static data type may be data that generally does not change for each object provided to the end consumer.
  • data associated with a static data type regarding the supply chain of agricultural product production may be data that does not fundamentally change during the production process from the growing of the agricultural product to the final product along the supply chain; This may be the name or geographical data of the farm. In exceptional cases, it may be geographical data of a farm when the farm is relocated.
  • the data associated with the dynamic data type may be data that may change for each object provided to the end consumer.
  • data associated with dynamic data types regarding the supply chain of agricultural product production may include geographic data for the movement route of objects, storage temperature data for objects that can change for each object, etc. good.
  • the data related to usage items as a dynamic data type may include data related to inspection, data related to storage, and/or data related to transportation.
  • the test-related data may include test-related parameters, test-related methods, and/or test-related techniques.
  • the data related to storage may include storage method, storage temperature, humidity, pressure, and/or changes thereof.
  • the data related to transportation may include the method of transportation, temperature, humidity, pressure of the transportation warehouse, and/or changes thereof.
  • static data types may be, for example, farm name (agricultural corporation or farmer) data, farm geographical data, weed data, photographic data, etc.
  • the photograph shows a photograph of the farm, and by storing such data, there is an advantage that data that allows the final consumer or the like to visually understand the farm can be stored in association with the data.
  • data related to seeds, data related to fertilizers, farm area where seeds were planted, time of planting, etc. may be dynamic data types.
  • the data related to seeds may include data such as the brand name of the seeds, the time of purchase of the seeds, the seller of the seeds, the expiration date of the seeds, and the like.
  • farm name data, farm geographical data, etc. may be static data types.
  • harvest time data, collection time data for collecting agricultural products, collected farm area data, farm storage status data, photographic data, etc. differ depending on the object (agricultural products provided to the final consumer). It can be a dynamic data type because it can be manipulated.
  • the farm storage status data may include data on temperature and humidity.
  • the static data type may be name data of a transportation company, photo data of a transportation company, etc.
  • data on the start time of transportation, vehicle number data of the transportation vehicle, transportation driver name data, temperature data during transportation, data on the weight of the crops being transported, photographic data showing the actual transportation status of the crops, transportation Vehicle geographic data, etc. may be a dynamic data type because different objects (agricultural products provided to end consumers) can be treated differently.
  • name data of the processing plant may include photographic data of equipment in a processing factory.
  • data on when agricultural products were acquired data on the amount of agricultural products accepted as genuine, data on reasons for refusing acceptance of agricultural products, data on photos of specific agricultural products being processed, etc. It may be a dynamic data type, as it can be treated differently for each agricultural product provided.
  • the name of the storage business, geographic data of the storage location, etc. may be static data types. Further, for example, data indicating the type and model number of the storage, temperature data for each storage, humidity data for each storage, photographic data of the storage state, etc. may be dynamic data types.
  • static data types may be, for example, the name of the packaging business, geographical data of the packaging factory, photographic data of the packaging factory, etc.
  • packaging time data, packaging mode data, packaging size, photographic data of the packaging process, etc. may be dynamic data types.
  • Packaging mode data may be bulk or retail.
  • static data types may include, for example, the name of the shipping company, geographical data of the shipping factory, photographic data of the shipping factory, etc.
  • dynamic data includes, for example, order ID data, billing ID data, shipping time data, shipping vehicle number data, shipping vehicle driver name data, temperature data during shipping and transportation, photo data showing the shipping process, etc. It may be a type.
  • the system of this embodiment may handle batches in the supply chain where agricultural products and industrial products are manufactured.
  • Batch is the term that refers to the smallest unit (the most granular unit) which is tracked in a supply chain etc.
  • the batch may be arbitrarily determined by each business operator. For example, when handling apples as agricultural products, one apple may be treated as one batch, or one cardboard box containing six apples may be treated as one batch. For example, such classification affects whether, for example, the temperature is controlled for each apple, or for each cardboard box when six apples are placed in a cardboard box. Further, the batches may have different particle sizes or the same particle size for each stage as shown below.
  • Stage can be defined as the longest part of the supply chain where a batch is guaranteed to maintain the same identity. ).
  • One business operator may manage one or more stages in a supply chain. For example, a packaging business receives a batch of 90 apples (10 cardboard boxes filled with 9 apples) from a previous business in the supply chain (for example, a transporter), and Consider a case where each apple is packaged and shipped as 15 cardboard boxes each containing 6 apples.
  • the packaging business for example, first receives a unit of one cardboard box (containing nine apples) set as one batch, and then may be set as one batch and packaged, and then a unit of one cardboard box containing six apples may be set as one batch and transported to the next business.
  • packaging quality can be controlled by packaging each apple in one package.
  • by setting one batch for one cardboard box containing 6 apples it becomes easier to manage the next shipment (for example, each cardboard box containing 6 apples has a different shipping address).
  • the batch setting may be realized by being associated with a batch ID that allows management of each batch.
  • the batch ID which is data that can be managed on a batch-by-batch basis, is sometimes referred to as management unit data.
  • the stages and types of each stage that are input may be those that are commonly found in a certain type of supply chain (for example, in the agricultural field). Therefore, the stages input at this stage and the static and/or dynamic data types within the stages may function as frames.
  • the system of this embodiment acquires data of a plurality of stages and one or more static data types and/or one or more dynamic data types associated with the plurality of stages from various parties. You may do so.
  • the system of this embodiment may acquire these data from an information processing device related to a person who manages the supply chain.
  • the system of this embodiment may acquire these data from the above-mentioned terminal device A and/or terminal device B.
  • the person managing the supply chain may be a person who manages and/or operates the supply chain, for example, may be one of each business operator in the supply chain, or one of each business operator in the supply chain. It may also be a person related to an organization consisting of all or part of the organization. In these cases, there is an advantage that input can be made by someone who understands the supply chain.
  • the system of this embodiment may acquire these data from an information processing device related to an administrator who manages the system.
  • the system of this embodiment may acquire these data from the terminal device F and/or the terminal device G described above.
  • the person who manages the system may be, for example, the person who manages and/or operates the system of this embodiment itself.
  • you since you are familiar with the preferred method of using the system of this embodiment, for example, you may have heard information about the supply chain, and determined the preferred stage, static data type, and/or dynamic data type. It has the advantage that it can be provided to stakeholders in the supply chain by specifying the following.
  • system administrators can define the stages, static data types, and/or dynamic data types that are typically used in a given supply chain, allowing parties in that supply chain to This has the advantage of reducing the effort required to enter data and making the system available for use. Note that even if these data are input by the system administrator, any missing data may be input by a person who manages and/or operates the supply chain. In this case, the advantage is that it can be used flexibly in a format that is more specific to the supply chain.
  • the administrator of the system of this embodiment or the administrator of the supply chain may define access rights to businesses that can input data related to each stage in association with each stage on one supply chain (limited ) may be done. Since multiple businesses may be involved in a supply chain, limiting access rights to each stage has the advantage of making it possible to clarify the responsibility of the businesses in charge of each stage.
  • the breeding and harvesting stage may be assigned to business operator A
  • the transportation stage may be assigned to business operator B.
  • business operator A can access (view, input, change, and/or delete) data related to the breeding and harvesting stages, but cannot access (view, input, and delete) data related to the transportation stage. , modification, and/or deletion).
  • business operator B cannot access (view, input, change, and/or delete) data related to the breeding and harvesting stages, but cannot access (view, input, change, and/or delete) data related to the transportation stage. and/or deletion) may be possible, etc.
  • one business operator may be associated with only one or more specific stages, and such one business operator may have access rights to the specific one or more stages.
  • other operators may be configured not to have access rights to such specific one or more stages.
  • only such one operator may have access rights to the batch ID described below at one or more specific stages.
  • only such one operator has access to one or more dynamic data types and/or one or more static data types that are associated with such particular stage or stages. It's fine.
  • only such one operator can store one or more dynamic data each corresponding to one or more dynamic data types and/or one or more dynamic data types associated with such specific stage or stages.
  • Each static data type may have access rights to one or more pieces of static data.
  • These access rights may include adding, modifying, and/or deleting static and/or dynamic data types. These access rights may also include entering, modifying, and/or deleting static and/or dynamic data. In this way, by restricting access rights to stages, static data types, dynamic data types, static data, and/or dynamic data to only one specific business operator, it is possible to limit access to these data. This has the advantage of limiting responsibility. Particularly, as will be described later, when the system of this embodiment includes a configuration for calculating data indicating reliability, there is an advantage in that the responsibility for inputting data can be clarified by limiting these access rights. Note that the access right may be realized by various authentication techniques such as an input password, face authentication, finger authentication, etc.
  • the configuration is such that only one operator is granted access rights to one stage, but instead of this configuration, it is possible to grant access to multiple operators to a specific or all one stage. rights may be recognized. For example, for stage may be specified. In this case, Operator B cannot input, change, or delete such one stage, but can view it, and therefore Operator A is solely responsible for inputting, changing, and/or deleting. On the other hand, operator B has the advantage of being able to advance its business in accordance with the situation at this stage due to viewing rights.
  • multiple operators may be granted access rights, including the ability to change data, for a specific or all stages. For example, for stage , input, modification, and/or deletion).
  • the configuration will allow access to Stage X by operators A and B.
  • the system of this embodiment performs a process of storing dynamic data in a blockchain as described later, the data related to the input of such dynamic data (input person and/or If such dynamic data is associated with data that identifies the information processing device (information processing device) and is encrypted with a private key in the public key cryptosystem of the information processing device related to such input and then stored in the blockchain, the input of such dynamic data Since there is a possibility of determining spoofing of data related to data, there is an advantage that it is possible to flexibly deal with the person who inputs the data while identifying the person who inputs the data and clarifying who is responsible.
  • Step 2 The system of this embodiment acquires data (sometimes referred to as "static data" in the present document) corresponding to one or more static data types associated with each of a plurality of stages.
  • the system of the present embodiment can store farm name (agricultural corporation or farmhouse) data, farm geographical data, farm weed data, You may obtain farm photo data, etc.
  • step 2 may be input by a person who manages the supply chain or by a person who manages the system.
  • the person understands the supply chain and has the advantage of being able to input appropriate data.
  • the latter has the advantage of being able to input appropriate data while understanding the system.
  • input may be input from an information processing device used by a party that forms one of the flows of the supply chain or value chain, or information used by a party outside the flow of the supply chain or value chain. It may also be input by a processing device.
  • the system of this embodiment may store data related to authentication as static data.
  • the data related to authentication may include, for example, data related to authentication related to a usage object, data related to authentication related to an intermediate object, and/or data related to authentication related to a final object.
  • the authentication data related to the used items include data indicating the presence or absence of authentication related to the used items, data indicating the rank of authentication related to the used items, data indicating the organization that certified the used items, and data indicating the organization that certified the used items.
  • the information may include data indicating the certification received by methods such as manufacturing, processing, and transportation, data indicating the certification method related to the product, and/or data indicating the limits of certification related to the product.
  • the data indicating the limit of authentication related to the usage item may include quantitative data on the usage of the usage item and/or chronological data on the usage of the usage item.
  • the former quantitative data may include, for example, data that the usage item can be used up to a predetermined number of times, and/or data that the usage item can be used up to a predetermined amount.
  • the data may be that the device can be used up to 100 times, or that the device can be used up to 1000 liters of intermediate objects.
  • the latter timing data may be, for example, the usage of the materials may be until December 31, 2022, or the usage of the materials may be within six months from the certification date or the certification date. It may be a deadline such as
  • the data indicating the rank of certification related to the used item may be, for example, the level or grade of the quality, ability, brand, etc. of the used item.
  • the data may indicate that the device has passed a specific test.
  • water source may be subject to specific certifications, for example in terms of water hardness, water contamination levels, etc.
  • the data indicating the certification received by the method of manufacturing, processing, transporting, etc. of the product may be, for example, the case where the predetermined method itself has been certified.
  • the data indicating the authentication method related to the usage item may specify the authentication method.
  • one of the multiple authentication methods may be specified.
  • Certification data related to intermediate objects includes data on whether or not the intermediate object has been certified, data indicating the rank of certification related to the intermediate object, data indicating the organization that has certified the intermediate object, and data indicating the certification of the intermediate object.
  • the information may include data indicating the authentication method used and/or data indicating the limits of authentication related to the intermediate object.
  • the data indicating the limit of authentication related to the intermediate object may include quantitative data on the use of the intermediate object and/or temporal data on the use of the intermediate object.
  • the former quantitative data may include, for example, data that the intermediate object can be used up to a predetermined number of times, and/or data that the intermediate object can be used up to a predetermined amount.
  • the intermediate object may be used up to 100 times, or data that the intermediate object can be used up to 1000 liters.
  • the latter timing data may be, for example, the use of intermediate objects may be until December 31, 2022, or the use of intermediate objects may be for half a year from the certification date or the certification date. It may be a deadline such as .
  • Certification data related to the final object includes data indicating whether or not the final object has been certified, data indicating the rank of certification related to the final object, data indicating the organization that certified the final object, and data indicating the certification of the final object.
  • the information may include data indicating the authentication method used and/or data indicating the limits of authentication for the final object.
  • the data indicating the limit of authentication regarding the final object may include quantitative data on the use of the final object and/or chronological data on the use of the final object.
  • the former quantitative data may include, for example, data that the final object is available for use up to a predetermined number of times, and/or data that the final object is available for use up to a predetermined quantity.
  • timing data may be, for example, the use of the final object may be until December 31, 2022, or the use of the final object may be for half a year from the certification date or the certification date. It may be a deadline such as .
  • the organization performing the certification may actually investigate the subject of certification by visiting or the like, and may grant certification based on such investigation.
  • a person related to the organization that performs the certification (sometimes referred to as the "certifier” in the application documents) must use an app (also referred to as the "certifier app” in the application documents) that can input data related to authentication. ) is downloaded from the Internet, etc. and installed on the terminal used by the certifier (sometimes referred to as the "certifier terminal” in the documents of this application), and the certifier runs the certifier app on the certifier terminal. You may use this to enter data related to authentication.
  • the certifier application may previously authenticate the certifier as a user of the certifier application using an ID and password (other authentication means).
  • the mode of authentication may be various depending on the organization of authentication and the mode of authentication.
  • the mode of the first authentication and the second and subsequent re-authentication may be different, and the second and subsequent re-authentication may also include modes such as authentication based on formal investigation and authentication based on simple investigation.
  • the certifier terminal may be different depending on the mode of authentication, or may be the same.
  • the certifier terminal may be a formal information processing device that is used by a member of an organization related to certification or a member of its outsourced business during a site visit and investigation. Even if such certifier terminals are physically different, by registering these multiple information processing devices as certifier terminals used by the same authentication organization, it is possible to prevent them from being distinguished by the mode of authentication. It may be possible to certify that certification has been obtained by an organization related to the same certification.
  • the same private key in public key cryptography is set in advance for these different certifier terminals, and by using the same private key, the same authentication may certify persons.
  • a plurality of different certifier terminals use the same encryption key to encrypt authentication-related data (or hashed data thereof). Therefore, by using data that associates the same private key and the organization related to authentication in a one-to-one relationship, it is possible to decrypt them using the public key corresponding to the same encryption key. Users of the same private key can be determined as organizations that perform the same authentication.
  • different private keys in the public key cryptosystem may be set in advance for these different certifier terminals.
  • a plurality of different certifier terminals encrypt authentication-related data (or hashed data thereof) using their respective encryption keys. Therefore, when decryption is performed using public keys corresponding to multiple different encryption keys using data that associates each such encryption key with an organization related to authentication in a many-to-one relationship. Also, by using such associated data, users of these different private keys can all be determined as organizations that perform the same authentication. In both cases, data indicating a one-to-one relationship or a many-to-one relationship between the encryption key and the organization related to authentication is stored in the server between the blockchain and the end user application. , and identification of the organization for decryption and corresponding authentication using such data may be performed by the server, but is not limited thereto.
  • the certifier application may acquire data related to authentication by the certifier.
  • the certifier app uses the private key of the certifier app in public key cryptography to encrypt the hash value of the data related to authentication, and then the certifier app performs the authentication. transmitting the data related to the authentication and the encrypted hash value associated therewith to the blockchain, and upon receiving such transmission, the blockchain stores the data related to the authentication and the encrypted hash value associated therewith.
  • the data related to such authentication can be determined to be spoofed, so there is an advantage that the reliability of authentication is improved.
  • data related to authentication can be included in data related to tracking.
  • each authenticator application may store data in the blockchain via the server related to the system of this embodiment.
  • the certifier application may calculate a hash value for data related to authentication using a hash function, and may encrypt this hash value using the private key of the certifier application.
  • the certifier application may then transmit the authentication-related data and the encrypted hash value associated therewith to the server.
  • the server transmits the authentication data and the encrypted hash value associated therewith to the blockchain, and upon receiving such transmission, the blockchain transmits the authentication data and the encrypted hash value associated therewith.
  • the hash value may be stored.
  • the blockchain may transmit data to be stored (referred to as a "key" in this document) to a server, and the server may store such a key.
  • a key has the advantage of being able to identify data within the blockchain.
  • the data related to authentication may be set as a dynamic data type in step 3 below.
  • the validity of certification generally continues for a predetermined period, such as six months, one year, or several years, but depending on the certification, it may be performed frequently.
  • the data related to the certification may be set as a dynamic data type. In this case, even if the certification changes while the object is in the supply chain, there is an advantage that such changed data can be input.
  • Step 3 The system of this embodiment acquires one or more data (sometimes referred to as "dynamic data" in the present document) corresponding to one or more dynamic data types associated with each of a plurality of stages. do.
  • data sometimes referred to as "dynamic data” in the present document
  • dynamic data at the propagation stage in a supply chain related to agricultural products may store data such as data related to actual seeds and data related to fertilizers. These data may be input into an information processing device related to an agricultural corporation (farmer) that specifically implements the stage of propagation, and the system of this embodiment inputs such data through a network. You may obtain it.
  • farmer an agricultural corporation
  • the information processing device that accepts input of such dynamic data is sometimes referred to as a "user terminal.”
  • a computer program that accepts input of such dynamic data and is executed on such a user terminal may be referred to as a "user application.”
  • a person who inputs data into a user terminal may be referred to as a "user.”
  • the user terminal is a portable information processing device such as a smartphone or PDA, the advantage is that, for example, parties such as agricultural corporations (farmers) can easily input and display data outdoors or in the field while carrying it. There is.
  • an information processing device that can be carried by a user terminal is useful.
  • a user terminal is equipped with a function for acquiring geographical data such as GPS, such geographical data is also acquired in association with the batch ID in response to input of dynamic data associated with the batch ID.
  • geographical data such as GPS
  • the dynamic data is stored as such, it has the advantage of making it clear where the dynamic data was input, and making the supply chain or value chain more transparent for the end user.
  • the user terminal acquires and stores temporal data such as the input date and time of data in response to the input of dynamic data associated with the batch ID, the dynamic data This has the advantage that the input temporal data can also be clarified, making the supply chain or value chain transparent for end users and improving reliability.
  • the trustworthiness of these data by end users is ensured by storing the dynamic, geographic, and temporal data associated with these batch IDs on the blockchain and making them tamper-evident.
  • the dynamic data, geographic data, and temporal data (or their hash values) associated with these batch IDs are encrypted with the public key cryptographic key on the user terminal, and are encrypted with the corresponding public key. If the data can be decrypted, it becomes possible to determine if it is spoofing, and it becomes clear that these data were actually input from the user terminal.This makes it possible to further improve the final use of the data by combining it with the geographical data of the user terminal that input the data. This has the advantage of making supply chains or value chains more transparent and improving reliability.
  • the user application may be downloaded and installed in advance on the user terminal via the Internet.
  • the system of this embodiment may manage objects using batch IDs.
  • the batch ID may be metadata and may not be part of static or dynamic data.
  • the batch ID x at stage ⁇ may be the same batch ID x even when moving to stage ⁇ , or the batch ID Due to ID division, batch IDx in stage ⁇ may move to stage ⁇ and become multiple batches IDy (in this case, the relationship between batch IDx and batch IDy is one-to-many), and batch ID By combining the batches IDx in stage ⁇ , the batches IDx in stage ⁇ may be transferred to stage ⁇ and become one batch IDy (in this case, the relationship between batch IDx and batch IDy is many-to-one).
  • the user may use the user app to instruct the assignment of such a new batch ID.
  • the user application assigns a new batch ID, stores one or more dynamic data in association with the batch ID, and stores one or more pieces of dynamic data in association with the batch ID. good.
  • harvest time data regarding the harvest of nine apples packed in one cardboard box collection time data for collecting agricultural products, farm area data to be collected, Farm storage status data and/or photo data may be stored in association with the newly assigned batch ID.
  • These harvest time data, collection time data for collecting agricultural products, farm area data to be collected, farm storage status data, and/or photo data may be input by the user application.
  • the photo data may be captured using an imaging device included in the user terminal.
  • the user application activates an imaging device included in the user terminal in response to an imaging instruction from the user, causes the user to take a picture of the cardboard box packed in the box, and
  • the photographic data captured by the imaging device may be stored in association with the batch ID described above. Note that although the above description describes how dynamic data is associated with a batch ID after the batch ID is generated, the reverse process may also be performed, and after the dynamic data is acquired and stored, , a subsequently generated batch ID may be associated with them.
  • the system of the present embodiment may generate code data that can specify the one batch ID in correspondence with one batch ID.
  • code data may be a QR code, a barcode, and/or an RFID.
  • the system of this embodiment may transmit code data that can specify a batch ID to an information processing device used by such an agricultural corporation. Further, the information processing device used by such an agricultural corporation may have a function of printing such code data.
  • the user can obtain harvest time data, collection time data for collecting agricultural products, and farm area to be collected.
  • Data, farm storage status data and/or photo data can be associated with real cardboard boxes via batch IDs.
  • batch IDs track the distribution of each object along the supply chain, so they may be used in the next stage as well.
  • the next stage eg, transporting stage.
  • a product that can be identified by a batch ID may be moved to the next stage, such as another stage.
  • the batch ID may be transferred to the other stage accordingly, which has the advantage of facilitating product management.
  • products typically move along predetermined supply chains and value chains some products may require special treatment. Therefore, with regard to the batch ID setting of the system of this embodiment, there is an advantage that it can be flexibly handled according to the product by being able to move to a stage other than the next stage.
  • the stage transition may be performed by the same user on the same user terminal, or may be performed by different users on different user terminals.
  • the same business in charge of harvesting and transport, or different businesses may be in charge of harvesting and transport.
  • These are business problems for businesses in the supply chain or value chain, and the system of this embodiment has a function that can support the management of objects flexibly in response to these business problems. It's fine.
  • the person actually in charge may be the same or different.
  • the same user app may be used to input dynamic data at the harvesting stage and the transporting stage.
  • the person in charge of the harvesting stage ⁇ and the person in charge of the transportation stage ⁇ are different people within the same business, even if they are the same business, the person in charge ⁇ will use the
  • the user terminal and the user application executed thereon may be different from the user terminal of the person in charge ⁇ and the user application executed thereon. In this case, there is an advantage that the management of objects can be easily transferred between different persons in charge even within the same business operator via the batch ID.
  • the transportation business operator related to the transportation stage may harvest the objects if they think that it is appropriate to transfer the objects from the harvesting stage to the transportation stage. Having determined that it would like to receive ownership or possession of an object to be transferred from a stage to a transportation stage, the Transport Operator may request the User App to take ownership or possession of such object (in association with the batch ID). You may enter it upon receipt.
  • the user application used by the transportation business will set the dynamic data of ownership or occupancy for the transportation stage to "Owned or Occupied" for the object, and the object will be transferred from the harvesting stage to the transportation stage. It may be recorded that ownership or possession of the object is received by the transporter, and such data may be stored in the blockchain.
  • a transportation operator related to the transportation stage may decide not to accept ownership or possession of the object to be transferred from the harvesting stage to the transportation stage if it considers that the object to be transferred from the harvesting stage to the transportation stage is inappropriate. The Transport Operator may then enter into the User App that it does not receive possession or possession of such object (in association with the Batch ID).
  • the user application used by the transportation business operator does not set the dynamic data of ownership or occupancy for the transportation stage of the object to ownership or occupancy, and does not set the dynamic data of ownership or occupancy for the transportation stage to ownership or occupancy for the object, and does not set the dynamic data of ownership or occupancy for the transportation stage to ownership or occupancy, and does not set the dynamic data of ownership or occupation for the transportation stage to ownership or It may be recorded that there is no receipt by the transporter of possession or possession of the object (reception refusal), and such data may be stored in the blockchain. Even if a problem occurs in the processing of an object at a certain stage in a supply chain or value chain, the system of this embodiment can manage such a situation, which has the advantage of being able to adapt to the supply chain or value chain more flexibly. be.
  • the system of this embodiment may be able to manage batch IDs in various ways.
  • a batch ID that has already been assigned may be removed using a remove command.
  • Batch IDs are assigned to objects flowing through the supply chain or value chain in management units, so if a large number of objects are assigned, batch IDs may become insufficient. Therefore, in order to promote reuse of batch IDs, it may be possible to remove batch IDs.
  • this process may be a process in which the batch ID is set as a candidate that can be assigned to a new object. Note that even in this case, the batch ID stored in the blockchain (which has already been removed and can be assigned to another product) remains unchanged, so it has the advantage of being able to be used as a management unit of data.
  • the system of this embodiment may associate a new batch ID with an already assigned batch ID using a connect command.
  • the batch ID ⁇ that has already been assigned is associated with code data such as the above-mentioned barcode in a one-to-one relationship, but may become unusable due to reasons such as the display of such code data becoming blurred. Since batch IDs and code data are associated in a one-to-one relationship, if code data becomes unavailable, identifying the batch ID may take time even if it can be entered manually. Therefore, by associating and assigning a new batch ID ⁇ to the batch ID ⁇ associated with such unavailable code data, and assigning code data to the new batch ID ⁇ , the batch ID ⁇ is associated with the batch ID ⁇ . This has the advantage that batch ID ⁇ can be accessed by using the code data that exists.
  • stage transition For example, consider the transportation stage, which is the stage after the harvesting stage.
  • a transportation business operator for example, a driver of a transportation vehicle, but will be explained as a user
  • transports the above-mentioned cardboard boxes but in this case, regarding transportation, data on the start time of transportation, vehicle number data of the transportation vehicle , transportation driver name data, temperature data during transportation, weight data of agricultural products being transported, photographic data showing the actual transportation status of agricultural products, and/or geographical data of the transportation vehicle.
  • the user launches the user application that is executed on the user terminal used by the transportation company.
  • the user activates the reading mode of the code data attached to the item to be transported (for example, the above-mentioned one cardboard box filled with nine apples) in the user application.
  • the user application starts the imaging device in the user terminal and reads the code data (for example, as shown in FIG. 5). QR code) may be readable. If the user application is able to identify code data in the captured image, the user application reads the code data and obtains the contents. Note that such code data may be read by sequentially reading a plurality of code data in response to an instruction to read the next code data in the user application.
  • the data regarding the batch ID is acquired here using code data
  • the data on the batch ID may be acquired using other methods.
  • the batch ID data may be acquired by the user manually inputting data identifying the batch ID (for example, the batch ID itself).
  • the user application may display the read batch ID as shown in Figure 6.
  • this diagram shows no dynamic data associated with a batch ID
  • dynamic data associated with such a batch ID may be displayed at the harvesting stage as described above.
  • the user application transmits data indicating such one or more batch IDs to the system of this embodiment, and the system of this embodiment responds to the data indicating such one or more batch IDs.
  • the dynamic data may be identified and sent to the user application, and the user application may display the dynamic data obtained from the system of this embodiment.
  • the user application may directly access the blockchain, obtain and display dynamic data corresponding to one or more batch IDs.
  • Such a display has the advantage that, for example, it is possible to check the agricultural products to be transported while checking data about the agricultural products (for example, the time of harvest and the farm area where the crops were harvested).
  • the transportation business may not always need all the dynamic data input by the harvesting business, so the transportation business may not be able to use it.
  • the user terminal may be configured such that it cannot display dynamic data at stages other than transportation. In this case, there is an advantage that confidential information of the operator regarding other stages can be protected.
  • the transportation business operator collects information such as transportation start time data, vehicle number data of the transportation vehicle, transportation driver name data, temperature data during transportation, etc.
  • Data on the weight of agricultural products, photographic data showing the actual transportation status of agricultural products, and/or geographical data on the transportation vehicle are input.
  • Such data may be entered, for example, at the time of transportation, during transportation, and/or at the end of transportation, depending on the characteristics of the data.
  • the user application may acquire temperature data from a temperature sensor provided in the vehicle or a temperature sensor provided in a storage shed transported by the vehicle, and may store the temperature data in association with the batch ID.
  • an evaluation regarding the temperature is obtained and associated with the batch ID. You can memorize it.
  • the user application may acquire data on the weight of agricultural products from the scale, and store the data in association with the batch ID.
  • the user application may acquire geographic data during transportation from a position measurement function provided in the user terminal on which the user application is being executed, and may store the geographical data in association with the batch ID.
  • the system of this embodiment may generate a batch ID corresponding to one stage.
  • a batch ID may be associated with dynamic data corresponding to all dynamic data types associated with such one stage.
  • FIG. 7 is an example in which one batch ID and a plurality of dynamic data are stored in association with each other.
  • This figure shows an example in which dynamic data such as a vehicle number, a transportation start point, a transportation end point, a transportation start date and time, a transportation end date and time, and a temperature inside the transportation warehouse are associated in the transportation stage.
  • dynamic data such as a vehicle number, a transportation start point, a transportation end point, a transportation start date and time, a transportation end date and time, and a temperature inside the transportation warehouse are associated in the transportation stage.
  • the temperature inside one transportation vehicle will be measured only by the one sensor. . Therefore, for example, even if there is a transport vehicle that can load 300 cardboard boxes containing 6 apples each for a plurality of farm products, only one batch is required at the transport stage because there is only one vehicle number.
  • the value of the temperature sensor for the batch ID May be stored.
  • a value indicating that the temperature is appropriate in relation to agricultural products can be used. may be stored in such dynamic data.
  • the above-mentioned temperature will be explained.
  • data obtained from sensors such as temperature and humidity can change from moment to moment.
  • the sensor-related data stored as dynamic data may include the evaluation of the sensor-related data during one stage. This configuration improves the ease of management by managing multiple pieces of sensor data that can change from moment to moment as a single value for each stage (that is, each batch). .
  • dynamic data can be stored in a blockchain, but if all values of sensor measurement results are stored, the blockchain storage process requires processing burden and processing time. will be done.
  • processing burden and processing time can be reduced by storing evaluation results for changes over a predetermined period or the like in units of stages and batches.
  • one form of the system may have the above-mentioned configuration, but instead of this configuration, in order to store more accurate data, the dynamic data type of temperature is used to store specific temperature data that can change from moment to moment.
  • temperature data that is one dynamic data may store data of a plurality of temperatures in one stage.
  • the system of the present embodiment also provides input stored data corresponding to one or more static data types and/or stored data corresponding to one or more dynamic data types for each stage. data may be associated and stored.
  • static data and/or dynamic data may be stored in association with a batch ID that identifies a batch.
  • FIG. 8 is an example in which a batch ID and static data and/or dynamic data are stored in association with each other.
  • one cardboard box filled with nine apples is used as one batch ID, and the name of the farm in static data (managed by ID), the area within the farm in dynamic data, the harvest time in dynamic data, etc.
  • ID the name of the farm in static data
  • ID the area within the farm in dynamic data
  • harvest time in dynamic data etc.
  • Such batch IDs may be combined and/or divided by the user. For example, in the above example, for 90 apples, the batch ID changes to 1 cardboard box (packed with 9 apples), 1 apple, and 1 cardboard box (packed with 6 apples). In this example, if the batch ID changes from one cardboard box (packed with 9 apples) to one apple, this is an example in which the batch ID is divided.
  • the system of this embodiment may store a division relationship table that stores the relationship between the batch ID before division and the batch ID after division.
  • FIG. 9 is an example of such a division relation table.
  • the system of this embodiment may store a composition relationship table that stores the relationship between the batch ID before composition and the batch ID after composition.
  • FIG. 10 is an example of such a composition relationship table.
  • the synthesis process associates multiple batch IDs in the stage before synthesis with one batch ID in the stage after synthesis, so when tracing the supply chain or value chain in reverse, the synthesis process It is not possible to uniquely determine the pre-composition batch ID in the pre-composition stage that corresponds to the post-composition batch ID in the later stage.
  • the process of tracing the batch IDs to be combined in the pre-combination stage in step 4, which will be described later can be handled by tracing all the batch IDs to be combined.
  • Such processing has the advantage that data related to tracking of the target object, which will be described later, can be obtained even by combining batch IDs.
  • the objects that the system of this embodiment supports are not limited to agricultural products.
  • the parts of the object may be procured parts.
  • the system of this embodiment may store the acquired static data and/or dynamic data and the associated batch ID in the blockchain at each stage. For example, it corresponds to the timing when the input of a certain stage ends for one batch ID and moves to the next stage (for example, the user instructs to move to the next stage for a certain batch ID in the application used)
  • the dynamic data and/or static data associated with such batch ID in the previous stage may then be stored on the blockchain. In this way, when storing data in the blockchain at each stage, the data is finalized at each stage, which has the advantage of potentially preventing subsequent falsification.
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows the relationship between stages, batch IDs, and dynamic data and/or static data stored in the blockchain.
  • the stages are A, B, and C, and the stages move from A to B along the supply chain.
  • static data types are SA1 and SA2, etc.
  • dynamic data types are DA1 and DA2, etc.
  • static data types are SB1 and SB2, etc.
  • dynamic data types are are DB1 and DB2, etc.
  • static data types are SC1 and SC2, etc.
  • the dynamic data types are DC1, DCA2, etc.
  • data corresponding to each data type may be stored schematically in the blockchain in association with batch ID1 and batch ID2.
  • ⁇ 1, 2, 6, 7, 11, and 12 may be the same data in batch ID1 and batch ID2.
  • static data may point to the same data, or may point to the same data at different locations.
  • batch ID2 is shown to be different from ⁇ as ⁇ .
  • each user application may handle storage on such a blockchain. For example, in cases where the number of users of each user app can be limited by login authentication, etc., data can be directly transferred from each user app to the blockchain using the private key and encryption key of public key cryptography. When storing the data, it may be possible to determine whether or not the data is spoofed. For example, each user application may encrypt a hash value of dynamic data and/or static data associated with a batch ID using a private key in a public key cryptosystem related to the user application. Each user app may send dynamic and/or static data and encrypted hash values associated with such batch ID to the blockchain.
  • the blockchain may associate dynamic data and/or static data associated with the batch ID with an encrypted hash value and store them in the blockchain.
  • the encrypted hash value can be decrypted using the public key in the public key cryptosystem associated with each user, the dynamic data and/or static data associated with the batch ID will be deleted. This data is input by such a user application, and has the advantage of being able to determine whether or not spoofing has occurred.
  • each user application may store data in the blockchain via the server related to the system of this embodiment.
  • the user application calculates a hash value of the static data and/or dynamic data associated with the batch ID using a hash function, and uses the hash value as the private key of the user application. may be encrypted by
  • the user application may then send the static data and/or dynamic data associated with the batch ID and such encrypted hash value associated therewith to the server.
  • the server transmits the static data and/or dynamic data associated with such batch ID and such encrypted hash value associated thereto to the blockchain, and upon such transmission, the blockchain Static data and/or dynamic data associated with and such encrypted hash values associated therewith may be stored.
  • blockchain is data that specifies where to store static data and/or dynamic data associated with batch IDs, as well as when storing data related to authentication mentioned above.
  • a key may be sent to a server, and the server may store such key. Such a key has the advantage of being able to identify data within the blockchain.
  • step 2 input of static data corresponding to the static data type for all stages in the supply chain is accepted and stored, and in step 3, input of static data corresponding to the static data type for all stages in the supply chain is received and stored.
  • step 3 input of static data corresponding to the static data type for all stages in the supply chain is received and stored.
  • the system of this embodiment accepts and stores input of static data corresponding to the static data type in step 2 at each stage from the person in charge of each stage, and stores the static data input in step 3. It may be a flow that accepts and stores dynamic data corresponding to a data type. Further, in this case, steps 2 and 3 may be input in the reverse order for each stage. In this way, once the object has passed through all the stages along the supply chain and reached the next step 4, static data corresponding to the static data type and/or Dynamic data corresponding to a dynamic data type may be accepted and stored.
  • Step 4 The system of this embodiment may display data related to supply chain tracking to the user.
  • the user may be any person interested in data related to supply chain or value chain tracking.
  • the object is an agricultural product or an industrial product
  • the user may be a general end consumer or a retailer.
  • the user may be an appraiser who appraises the quality, place of origin, etc. of the object.
  • Tracking-related data may be displayed on The data related to tracking may include factual data related to the object and/or data related to the above-mentioned authentication.
  • Factual data related to the object may include, for example, geographic data of the parties involved in the production, processing, and/or transportation of the object, name data of the parties, data indicating the organization to which the parties belong, and/or data related to the above-mentioned authentication.
  • the data related to tracking may include factual data related to the object and/or data indicating the presence or absence of tampering associated with the data related to the above-mentioned authentication.
  • Data related to such tracking may be specified as follows.
  • the end user application in the system of this embodiment may specify an object.
  • the end user application may read code data such as a barcode, QR code, and/or RFID attached to the end object and identify the batch ID based on such code data.
  • the end-user app then communicates with the blockchain based on such batch IDs to obtain static and/or dynamic data at each stage associated with each batch ID stored in the blockchain. , these may be displayed in the end consumer app.
  • the end user application may display data indicating whether or not each data has been tampered with in association with these data. The presence or absence of such tampering may be determined using a function within the blockchain.
  • the end-user application displays static and/or dynamic data in conjunction with the presence or absence of such tampering, the user should confirm whether the static and/or dynamic data can be trusted.
  • static data and/or dynamic data are displayed in association with data that has been tampered with.
  • static data and/or dynamic data that has been shown not to have been tampered with can be displayed.
  • Only dynamic data may be displayed.
  • the user can understand that all displayed static data and/or dynamic data is reliable.
  • the end user application may determine that the static data and/or dynamic data have not been input by anyone other than the user application, ie, that the end user application has not been spoofed. In this case, the end user application has the advantage of being able to determine that the data was input by each party along the supply chain, and determining whether or not spoofing has occurred.
  • the server determines whether or not there has been tampering.
  • the data stored in the blockchain may be encrypted.
  • the server can determine that the data was generated by the user application, which has the advantage of being able to detect impersonation.
  • the server compares the hash value stored in the blockchain and obtained from the blockchain with the hash value obtained by directly applying static data and/or dynamic data to a hash function to determine whether or not it has been tampered with. may be determined.
  • the server may use the above-mentioned keys to identify within the blockchain the data that the end-user app wishes to display.
  • dynamic data includes geographical data of the user terminal
  • static data includes data indicating the range in which the user terminal can be used (for example, the area of a farm, etc.
  • the reliability of the data may be improved by determining whether geographical data of the user terminal is included in the data indicating the range.
  • the end-user application is responsible for determining whether static data and dynamic data have been tampered with, and determining whether the static data includes geographic data included in the dynamic data and the data indicating the above-mentioned range.
  • the reliability of data can be further improved by displaying the results of determining that static data is included and determining that there is no spoofing of the user terminal used by the operator in such static data.
  • these determinations may be made by a server communicating between the blockchain and the end-user application, and the determination results may be communicated to and displayed in the end-user application.
  • FIG. 12 An example of tracking data displayed by the end user application is shown in FIG. 12.
  • the object is cinnamon
  • the end user application reads code data such as a QR code displayed on the cinnamon package, etc., and uses the batch ID associated with the code data to Static and/or dynamic data related to each stage of cinnamon that has moved along the supply chain may be identified and data related to tracking based on such data may be displayed.
  • the data related to tracking is, for example, Origin (data on the trajectory of the object), Certifications (data on the certification of the object), Sustainability (data on the sustainability of the object), and/or Community.
  • Origin may be factual data about the object, such as the place of origin or the parties involved.
  • Certifications may be data particularly related to certification among factual data related to the object.
  • Sustainability may be data particularly related to sustainability among factual data regarding the object, such as soil tests, the fact that only a specific river that has passed a predetermined inspection is used as a water source, or the fact that a predetermined Data showing consideration for nature, such as organic farming methods, is acceptable.
  • Community may be data particularly related to Community among factual data related to the object. For example, Community may indicate that each party has a bank account or that the infrastructure is being improved. It may be data related to interactions with society, such as
  • FIG. 13 is an example of the end user application displaying geographic data in the supply chain.
  • such travel paths may be overlaid with two-dimensional or three-dimensional map data for display by end-user applications.
  • the user can understand what route the object (particularly the intermediate object) has traveled.
  • such an indication of geographical movement may be displayed in association with temporal data located at each location. In this case, the user has the advantage of being able to understand the moving route of the object (including intermediate objects) in chronological order.
  • Such geographic data may be based on static and/or dynamic data input in steps 2 and 3.
  • the end user application collects geographical data (e.g., information corresponding to stages such as breeding, harvesting, processing factory, etc.) for each stage out of the factual data related to the object.
  • geographical data e.g., information corresponding to stages such as breeding, harvesting, processing factory, etc.
  • the geographical data on where these parties are located For the parties concerned, the geographical data on where these parties are located), the temporal data at the end of the stage, and the geographical data on the movement of the object (for example, in the case of a transport stage, the location of the actual vehicle) Geographical data when a person moves) as well as temporal data at the end of that stage, and determine whether these have been tampered with and/or impersonated, and which geographic data have not been tampered with and/or have not been spoofed.
  • the temporal data may also be used and overlaid on the map data to be displayed on the end user application.
  • the supply chain or value chain may be in the form of D2C (Direct to Consumer), such as manufacturing by a single company, or it may be a supply chain or value chain that inherently includes transactions between multiple parties. It may be in the form of a part of a value chain.
  • D2C Direct to Consumer
  • Modification example 1 of the system of the first embodiment The system of this embodiment is a modification of the system of the first embodiment, and the explanation will focus on the parts that are different from the system of the first embodiment, and the explanation of the parts that are the same as the system of the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the system of this embodiment is an example of use in the supply chain of rings with jewels.
  • Some rings with gemstones have high value, and people often want to know data such as what kind of gemstone it is and the cut of the gemstone. Additionally, rings with jewels may come with a certificate of authenticity, and ring buyers are also interested in the authenticity of the certificate.
  • FIG. 14 is an example of multiple stages and static and/or dynamic data types associated with each stage for a jeweled ring supply chain.
  • these static data and/or dynamic data may be input and stored in the blockchain.
  • the certifier will You can authenticate.
  • the certifier measures the species, variety, color, weight, size, etc. of the actual gemstone associated with the batch ID, and sends these data to the certifier mentioned above. Enter it into the app.
  • the certifier application may authenticate the certifier by using ID, password, etc. in advance. Then, the data regarding these gemstones entered by the certifier via the certifier app will be associated with the batch ID indicating such rough gemstones and stored on the blockchain, thereby making these data Tampering can be prevented or determined.
  • step 3 above in stage 6 "verification” and stage 7 "appraisal,” the verifier and appraiser each write the verification or appraisal results (for example, the The falsification of these data can be prevented or determined by inputting the data (report) and storing it in the blockchain by the certifier app in association with the batch ID indicating the rough gemstone to be verified or appraised. Become something.
  • these input data for example, as described above, data related to authentication by the verifier and data related to authentication by the appraiser
  • these By decoding the corresponding information, spoofing can be determined.
  • step 4 the purchaser or the person considering purchasing the ring with a jewel has the advantage of being able to obtain data about the ring along with data on whether or not it has been tampered with, via the blockchain.
  • the end-user application may collect static and/or dynamic data related to each authentication, verification, and/or authentication stage included in the tracking data. is displayed, and it is also displayed that the data has not been tampered with, the user can confirm how to authenticate in the end user application while confirming that the data has not been tampered with.
  • data on whether verification, verification, and/or appraisal have been performed can be viewed.
  • the end user application will ensure that license-related data included in tracking data (for example, excavation license number and excavation license expiration date for excavation, export license ID and export license expiration date for export) is not tampered with. By determining and displaying this, the user can confirm whether or not the ring with the jewel was excavated and exported legally.
  • the end user application further communicates with a system related to excavation license issuance to perform confirmation processing of the excavation license number, communicates with a system related to export license issuance to perform confirmation processing of export license ID, and /Or check the expiry date of each license and the actual date (date and time of excavation or date of receipt of export invoice) to determine whether the excavation and/or export is legal. may be displayed.
  • the end-user application may display various photos in the tracking-related data on the end-user application after determining that they have not been tampered with. It has the advantage of being able to understand the image.
  • the photographic data may be photographic data that captures images of changes in time-series objects along the supply chain, such as raw gemstones, polished gemstones, and gemstones attached to rings.
  • the data related to a photo may be photo data related to a license, such as a photo of an excavation license, a photo of an export license, and/or a photo showing appraisal qualification.
  • the user can use the photo data to understand that he or she is qualified, and if necessary, has data that can be investigated in detail by themselves.
  • the data related to photographs may be photographs of people involved, such as a photograph of an excavator, a photograph of a person performing cutting, a photograph of an appraiser, a photograph of a verifier, and/or a photograph of a craftsman.
  • photo data is displayed on the end user application, there is an advantage that the user may be able to gain a sense of intimacy and trust.
  • the end user app displays, for example, the experience (e.g., years) of the cutter who performs the cutting or the experience (e.g., the number of years) of the craftsman who performs the ring setting, the user can It has the advantage of being able to understand who was involved.
  • the experience e.g., years
  • the experience e.g., the number of years
  • Modification example 2 of the system of the first embodiment The system of this embodiment is a modification of the system of the first embodiment, and the explanation will focus on the parts that are different from the system of the first embodiment, and the explanation of the same parts as the system of the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the system of this embodiment is an example of use in the supply chain of alcohol manufacturing.
  • FIG. 15 is an example of multiple stages and static and/or dynamic data types associated with each stage for an alcohol supply chain.
  • these static data and/or dynamic data may be input and stored in the blockchain.
  • step 4 the alcohol purchaser has the advantage of being able to determine whether or not this data has been tampered with via the blockchain.
  • the intermediate object brown rice (for example, a batch ID may be assigned to each predetermined amount) may be inspected.
  • the inspection agency inspects the grade (percentage of first grade or higher) of brown rice, which is the actual object associated with the batch ID, and inputs this data into the above-mentioned certifier app.
  • the certifier application may authenticate the certifier by using ID, password, etc. in advance. Then, these test result data entered by the certifier through the certifier app will be associated with the batch ID indicating the predetermined amount of brown rice, and stored in the blockchain. This makes it possible to prevent tampering.
  • Step 3 above for Stage 7 "Brown rice storage", the agency in charge of analysis sends the analysis results (e.g. moisture content, protein content, amylose content, fatty acid content, etc.) to the above-mentioned certifier app.
  • This data can be prevented from being tampered with by inputting analysis data (on the target object) and storing it in the blockchain by the certifier app, which is associated with the batch ID indicating the brown rice subject to analysis. becomes.
  • step 4 the alcohol purchaser or person considering purchasing the alcohol has the advantage of being able to obtain data on the alcohol as well as data on whether or not it has been tampered with through the blockchain.
  • the end user application displays static and/or dynamic data related to grading inspection and/or analysis at the stage of grading inspection and/or brown rice storage, which is included in the tracking data.
  • the user can check how to perform the grade inspection, confirm that the data has not been tampered with, etc. in the end user application. And/or there is an advantage of being able to view the data that has been analyzed.
  • the end-user application may display various photos in the tracking data on the end-user application after determining that they have not been tampered with or together with data on whether or not they have been tampered with.
  • Photographers have the advantage of being able to understand concrete images.
  • data related to photographs include a photograph of rice, a photograph of paddy, a photograph of brown rice, a photograph of a package, a photograph of a package after inspection, a photograph of brown rice before milling, a photograph of white rice after milling, and/or a photograph of polished rice.
  • It may be photographic data that captures changes in the object in chronological order along the supply chain, such as photographs of commission results.
  • photo data is displayed on the end user application, the user has the advantage of being able to understand the changes in the object over time along the supply chain.
  • data related to photos includes photos of rice planting, photos of rice farming, photos of harvest, landscape photos of rice fields, photos of drying, photos of husking, photos of transportation, photos of loading, photos of inspection status, and storage status.
  • Photo data related to the condition of the object or its use such as photos of rice milling, photos of storage, photos of sopping, dancing, middle and tome, photos of upper layer and filtration, photos of bottling work, etc. good.
  • the data related to the photograph may be a photograph of a farmer and/or a photograph of a person involved, such as a photograph of a person in charge.
  • the system of this embodiment is the system of the first embodiment (including variations) that uses reliability data of each person concerned.
  • each person involved in the supply chain inputs various data into the system.
  • the system of this embodiment uses reliability data of each stakeholder as data for estimating the correctness of the initial data input by each stakeholder.
  • Various calculation means may be used for the data indicating reliability.
  • data regarding one or more other parties who have a predetermined relationship with the one party is used. You may use the data.
  • data indicating the reliability of party A consider parties B1 to BN as one or more other parties who have a relationship with party A.
  • the data indicating the reliability of stakeholder A may be, for example, data based on data related to stakeholder B1 to BN who have inputted data indicating that stakeholder A can be trusted.
  • the data indicating the reliability of stakeholder A may be data related to the number of stakeholder B who have inputted data indicating that stakeholder A is trustworthy into the system of this embodiment. For example, when the number of related parties B who have input data indicating that related party A is trustworthy is five, the data indicating the reliability of related party A may be five.
  • the data may be a percentage of the number of related parties B among related parties B1 to BN who have inputted data indicating that related party A can be trusted.
  • the data indicating the degree of trust in party A may be based on data indicating the degree of trust in party A by parties B1 to BN. For example, if the degree of trust in stakeholder A is 8 out of 10 for stakeholder B1, 5 for stakeholder B2, and 8 for stakeholder B3, the total is 21, so stakeholder A
  • the data indicating the degree of trust in the person may be a total number of 21, or may be a number obtained by dividing the total number of 7, 21, by the number of people, 3.
  • the data indicating the degree of trust in party A may be a weighted numerical value based on the numerical values of parties B1 to BN.
  • the data indicating the degree of trust in stakeholder A is weighted by the data indicating the trust level of each stakeholder B1 to BN with respect to the numerical value of each stakeholder B1 to BN's trust in stakeholder A.
  • the data may be calculated.
  • the parties B1 to BN may be parties within a specific supply chain targeted by the system of this embodiment, or may not be parties within such a specific supply chain.
  • the only parties involved in a supply chain are C1, C2, and C3
  • the only parties used to calculate the data indicating the reliability of party A are C1, C2, and C3.
  • it may be C1, C2, C4, etc.
  • the predetermined relationship between related party A and related parties B1 to BN may be that they are related parties in the same supply chain.
  • the predetermined relationship between the parties A and B1 to BN may be such that the parties B1 to BN have a known relationship with the party A regardless of the supply chain.
  • the predetermined relationship in this case may be friends, relatives, and/or past business relationships.
  • the system of this embodiment has the advantage of being able to collect data that can be used to calculate data broadly indicating the reliability of parties A, regardless of the improvement in value of a specific supply chain targeted by the system.
  • the data indicating the reliability of stakeholder A may be calculated using data indicating the degree of contribution of stakeholder A to the system of this embodiment.
  • the data indicating the degree of contribution may include the degree of contribution to the system of this embodiment.
  • Such donations may be in a predetermined currency.
  • the predetermined currency may be legal tender or virtual currency.
  • the virtual currency may be a crypto asset.
  • the amount of donation may be an absolute value or a relative value.
  • the absolute value may be, for example, the amount ⁇ itself.
  • the relative value may be the value of the donation relative to a predetermined value.
  • the relative value may be a value relative to the entire donation, or may be a value relative to the denominator of a predetermined value, with the donation as the numerator.
  • the level of donations made by stakeholder A can be used to estimate the level of importance stakeholder A places on or trusts the system, and depending on the level of donations, the system This estimates the reliability of party A in relation to Additionally, companies that have not yet earned the trust of their surrounding stakeholders, such as entrepreneurs and venture businesses, may have the advantage of gaining that trust by contributing as donations.
  • data indicating the reliability of stakeholder A is data related to B1 to BN that have a predetermined relationship with stakeholder A, and/or data indicating the degree of contribution by stakeholder A to the system of this embodiment.
  • the data may be calculated based on a calculation formula using the data shown in FIG.
  • Data related to reliability and its processing may be added to the system of the first embodiment.
  • Step 1 of the system of the first embodiment the system of the present embodiment may acquire a data type indicating reliability as static data of the parties involved in the supply chain. Further, the system of this embodiment may store such data in a blockchain.
  • static data may be provided to each party entity such as a farm, a transporter, a packager, a distributor, etc.
  • the data type indicating such reliability may be automatically assigned by the system of this embodiment. In this case, in step 1, the burden of intentionally inputting the data type indicating reliability is reduced.
  • Step 2 of the system of the first embodiment the system of the present embodiment acquires data indicating the specific reliability of each stakeholder in the supply chain and stores it in association with each corresponding stakeholder. It's fine. Further, the system of this embodiment may store such associated data in a blockchain.
  • the system of the present embodiment for example, combines such specific reliability data regarding stakeholder A with data related to B1 to BN that have a predetermined relationship with stakeholder A, as described above, and/or It may be calculated based on a calculation formula using data indicating the degree of contribution of person A to the system of this embodiment, and stored.
  • data related to B1 to BN that have a predetermined relationship with stakeholder A and/or data indicating the degree of contribution of stakeholder A to the system of this embodiment are stored in advance in the system of this embodiment. May be stored.
  • the system of this embodiment acquires in advance data related to B1 to BN that have a predetermined relationship with stakeholder A, and/or data that indicates the degree of contribution of stakeholder A to the system of this embodiment. and store it.
  • data regarding B1 to BN that have a predetermined relationship with party A may be obtained from parties B1 to BN with respect to party A through a preliminary questionnaire or the like.
  • the data collected in such a questionnaire may be data with two choices indicating trustworthiness or not, or data indicating the degree of trustworthiness.
  • the latter includes, for example, numerical data such as 100% confidence, 80% confidence, 30% confidence, etc., or one of multiple categories such as B or E out of five grades from A to E. It may be data.
  • the system of this embodiment can acquire data indicating the degree of contribution of the person concerned A to the system of this embodiment in advance by acquiring data indicating the degree of contribution such as currency obtained from the person A concerned, or You can get it from your system.
  • Step 3 Data indicating reliability generally does not change frequently and is therefore considered to belong to the static data type. However, in a rapidly changing industry, it may be set to belong to a dynamic data type. In this way, when the data indicating reliability is dynamic data, in step 3 of the system of the first embodiment, the system of this embodiment calculates the specific reliability of each party in the supply chain. data may be obtained and stored in association with each corresponding party. Further, the system of this embodiment may store such associated data in a blockchain.
  • Step 4 the end user application may calculate and display data indicating confidence for a particular object.
  • the end user application may calculate, for a party A in a supply chain or value chain, the number N of people who trust party A to a predetermined degree, and the amount of contribution made by party A to the system.
  • a calculated value obtained by calculating a predetermined function as an argument may be calculated, and the end user application may display the calculated value in association with party A.
  • the end user application may calculate the degree of trust towards party A by parties B1 to BN who trust party A, regarding party A on the supply chain or value chain.
  • a calculated value may be calculated by calculating a formula weighted by the degree of contribution of each stakeholder B1 to BN to the system, and the end user application may display the calculated value in association with stakeholder A.
  • the end user application may, for a party A on a supply chain or a value chain, calculate the degree of trust in party A by parties B1 to BN who trust party A. , the calculated value is calculated using a formula weighted by the degree of business between each of the parties B1 to BN and party A (for example, transaction amount), and the end user application performs such calculations in association with party A. Values may be displayed.
  • the system of this embodiment may calculate the reliability using a calculation formula selected by the user. For example, before displaying the data indicating reliability to the consumer, the end user application may display to the consumer, for example, the plurality of calculation formulas described above as formulas for calculating the data indicating the reliability. , the consumer may be allowed to select one from among a plurality of such formulas. If such a selection is made, the end-user application may use the selected formula to calculate and display data indicative of confidence. In this case, there is an advantage that reliability can be measured based on a calculation formula that the user trusts. For example, there is an advantage that the calculated reliability can be obtained after selecting the characteristics of the calculation formula, such as when the degree of contribution to the system is included as an element or when it is not included.
  • system of Third Embodiment In the system of the first embodiment, collects and calculates data on the carbon footprint generated in the supply chain of objects such as final products from raw materials to sales. It is something.
  • a carbon footprint calculates the amount of CO2 produced throughout a product's supply chain (including recycling in some cases). This will not only measure the amount of CO2 from each business in the supply chain, but also calculate the amount of CO2 in the entire supply chain, making it easier to perform calculations that go beyond the boundaries of businesses. It was not something that could be calculated.
  • each person involved in the supply chain performed each action (harvesting, transportation, etc.) at the stage for which they were responsible, and input related data into the system.
  • the inventor of the present application has discovered that by inputting data related to CO2 in the supply chain into the system, it is possible to easily calculate the amount of CO2 for objects such as final products.
  • Step 1 In step 1 of the system of the first embodiment, one or more data types related to the amount of Co2 may be assigned to each stage.
  • the data type related to the amount of CO2 may be composed of only two types, for example, a data type related to CO2 absorption and a data type related to CO2 emission.
  • Data related to CO2 absorption may include, for example, the amount of forest owned by the person concerned.
  • the data type related to CO2 emissions may be related to CO2 emissions caused by the status and/or actions of each business operator.
  • the unit of data stored in the data type related to the amount of CO2 may be the amount of CO2 for each batch, or the amount of CO2 for each unit depending on the sales format to the final consumer.
  • calculations can be made in the units handled by each business operator, which has the advantage of making it easier to handle.
  • the change to a unit that conforms to the sales format to the final consumer may be calculated at the final stage when the sales format to the final consumer is determined.
  • the data type related to the amount of CO2 may be a static data type and/or a dynamic data type.
  • An example of a data type related to the amount of CO2 being a static data type is, for example, because the amount of forest generally does not change over a predetermined period (even if it does change, it is only a small difference), It is considered unchanging and forest volume may be a static data type.
  • An example where the data type related to the amount of CO2 is a dynamic data type is, for example, when a specific object is changed due to a change in raw materials. Specifically, for object AO produced using raw material A and object BO produced using raw material B, the data related to the amount of CO2 is determined from the raw material production process and raw material procurement process. , etc.
  • the data regarding the amount of CO2 may change depending on the time of year.
  • the transportation route of objects in summer may be different from the transportation route of objects in winter due to snowfall, etc., so data related to CO2 amount is required.
  • it may change depending on the time.
  • Step 2 If the data related to the amount of CO2 is a static data type, in step 2 of the system of the first embodiment, the system of this embodiment sets the amount of CO2 absorbed and/or emitted at each stage as a static data type at each stage. Data regarding quantity may be obtained.
  • Step 3 When the data related to the amount of CO2 is a dynamic data type, in step 2 of the system of the first embodiment, the system of this embodiment sets the amount of CO2 absorbed and/or emitted at each stage as a dynamic data type at each stage. Data regarding quantity may be obtained.
  • Step 4 the end user application may calculate data related to the amount of CO2 for a specific object and display the data related to the amount of CO2 that is the calculation result.
  • the system of this embodiment acquires absorption amount A1 and emission amount A2 as data related to the amount of CO2 for stage A, and obtains absorption amount A1 and amount A2 of emissions as data related to the amount of CO2 for stage B.
  • the system of this embodiment stores the batch relationship between each stage. Further, assume that the proportions of batches in stages A and B are XA and XB, respectively, for the objects provided to consumers. For example, if the final object is one apple, and one batch of stage A is 9, then XA is 1/9, and if one batch of stage B is 6, then XA is 1/9.
  • XB is 1/6.
  • the end user application obtains the above-mentioned data related to the amount of CO2, A1, A2, B1, and B2, as well as the relationship between batches, and uses such data to obtain, for example, (A2-A1)/
  • the CO2 emission amount for the final object may be calculated, and the user application may calculate and display such CO2 emission amount.
  • the consumer has the advantage of being able to know the CO2 emissions of the final object.
  • the end-user app may also display the CO2 emissions for a particular object in association with the object before the consumer purchases such object. In this case, consumers have the advantage of being able to understand the CO2 emissions involved before purchasing the product.
  • the end user application may display a breakdown of the CO2 emissions of the object for each person involved and/or each stage.
  • (A2-A1)/XA and (B2-B1)/XB may be displayed in association with each of stages A and B.
  • consumers have the advantage of being able to understand the CO2 emissions of each party involved in the supply chain.
  • the end user application may store a plurality of equations for calculating the CO2 emissions of the above-mentioned object, and use one of the plurality of equations.
  • the end-user application may display to the end-user a plurality of equations for calculating the CO2 emissions of an object, and utilize one equation selected by the user for such display. You may also calculate the CO2 emissions of the object.
  • the plurality of equations that are subject to such selection may be displayed in association with each equation, together with an explanation of what calculation method each equation is based on. In this case, the user has the advantage of being able to make selections after understanding the meaning of each equation.
  • each equation is, for example, a method proposed by professor ⁇ of ⁇ university, a method developed at ⁇ research institute, a method utilized in famous ⁇ , a method proposed by ⁇ country This may be an explanation such as that it is a method approved by Further, each equation may be an equation corresponding to each explained method, and such a display has the advantage that the user can understand the CO2 emissions calculated by the method that the user understands and believes.
  • NFT non-fungible This is a form of using tokens.
  • the technology for realizing the NFT itself may be a known technology.
  • ERC-721 or ERC-1155 may be used as the NFT.
  • the system of the present embodiment stores various data stored in the process of generating the final object in each of the systems of the first to third embodiments described above in association with the NFT. It is configured to do this. For example, part or all of the data generated in the manufacturing process of one final object in the supply chain or value chain of one final object may be stored in association with one NFT.
  • the first data and the second data generated at each stage may be associated with one another.
  • an NFT associated with some or all of the NFTs may be generated and stored on the blockchain.
  • the system of the first embodiment may display data related to tracking at the final stage of the supply chain or value chain, after the final stage of step 3 described above, or in the end user application of step 4. , such one NFT may be generated and stored within the blockchain.
  • the end-user app when sold to an end-consumer, such end-user may be set in the blockchain as the owner of such one NFT.
  • such one NFT is associated with data about the final object purchased.
  • one NFT is associated with process data on how the final purchased object has been manufactured, and for example, as mentioned above, at each stage, in what geographical location and what kind of parties ( Static data type), and during the manufacturing process, it is associated with data about the manufacturing conditions under which the final object was manufactured (for example, the temperature at which it was kept warm, the conditions of transportation, etc.).
  • the system of the first embodiment associates one NFT data with both one or more first data and one or more second data at all stages in the supply chain or value chain, and
  • the NFT data may be issued and stored in the blockchain, and the owner of the one NFT data may be set as the final purchaser of the object in the supply chain or value chain in the blockchain.
  • such an NFT has the advantage that the end consumer can use data about the end object.
  • the NFT associated with the first data indicates what kind of authentication the final object has undergone. It becomes clear whether there is.
  • Certification includes, for example, certification indicating that the final object was manufactured using a predetermined environmentally friendly method.
  • the fact that such a final consumer is the owner of such NFT means, for example, that the final object represented by the NFT is manufactured using a predetermined environmental conservation method.
  • the authentication includes, for example, authentication that guarantees the quality of the final object
  • the fact that the final consumer is the owner of the NFT means that, for example, the final object indicated by the NFT is of a predetermined quality.
  • static data types and/or dynamic data types of multiple stages (excavation, cutting, collection, authentication, etc.) in FIG. may be associated with one NFT and stored in the blockchain, and the final purchaser of such jewelry may be set as the owner of such one NFT.
  • stages such as excavation, cutting, ring setting, delivery, etc.
  • the purchaser has the advantage of being able to objectively demonstrate that he or she is an environmentally conscious purchaser of jewelry.
  • a stage in the jewelry supply chain or value chain includes, for example, a certificate ensuring the quality of the final object within the static data type and/or dynamic data type, then such final consumer may Being the owner of a company has the advantage of objectively showing that you value quality.
  • Modification 2 of the system of the first embodiment for a certain alcoholic beverage, several stages (rice planting, rice cultivation, harvesting, brown rice storage, sake mash production, upper layer/filtration, etc.) in FIG. associate all data of physical data type and/or dynamic data type with one NFT, issue it on the blockchain, store and process the NFT on the blockchain,
  • the final purchaser of alcoholic beverages may be set in the blockchain by the owner of the one NFT data.
  • environmental conservation methods may be used in static and/or dynamic data types at stages such as rice planting, rice cultivation, harvesting, brown rice storage, sake mash production, upper layer/filtration, etc.
  • the purchaser of such alcoholic beverages has the advantage of being able to objectively demonstrate that he or she is an environmentally conscious purchaser of alcoholic beverages.
  • the static data type and/or dynamic data type includes, for example, certifications that ensure the quality of the final object at a stage in the alcohol supply chain or value chain, such final consumer Being an NFT owner has the advantage of objectively showing that you are a person who values quality.
  • static and/or dynamic data types may include data that contributes to the local community (e.g., indicates the use of local community assets or cooperation, such as farmers or producers in a particular area). ), such end consumers have the advantage of being able to objectively be shown as contributors to the local community.
  • the system of this embodiment has a configuration in which, in each of the systems of the first to fourth embodiments described above, data after the generation of the final object is further stored in association with the NFT. be.
  • the resale to the repairer or other person will also be It may be stored in association with one NFT and stored within the blockchain.
  • Modification 1 of the system of the first embodiment may include a repair stage in which the repair at a predetermined repair company is performed as one of the stages after purchase.
  • the repair stage includes the name of the repair company, repair location, repair method, person authorized for the repair method, repair start date, repair end date, tools used during repair, materials used during repair, photo of the repair person, and jewelry repair. It may be a static data type and/or a dynamic data type, such as a before photo, a photo after jewelry repair, etc.
  • Modification 1 of the system of the first embodiment is such that the static data and/or dynamic data are inputted by an application related to the repair company executed on the information processing device related to the repair company, and Modification 1 of the above system acquires such a plurality of static data and/or a plurality of dynamic data, associates it with one NFT data, issues it on the blockchain, and stores and processes it on the blockchain.
  • the final purchaser of the object in the supply chain or value chain may be set in the blockchain by the owner of the one NFT data.
  • static and/or dynamic data at such repair stage may be associated with the NFT of the jewelry being repaired.
  • the status of the jewelry after repair will also be associated with the NFT, and data on the end consumer after purchase may also be stored.
  • the purchaser may set the resale purchaser as the owner of the NFT of the previous purchaser.
  • the resale purchaser also has the advantage of being able to show that he or she is contributing to environmental conservation, just like the previous purchaser.
  • the system of the 3rd embodiment is a system that uses specific data in the supply chain from among various data stored in the process of producing the final object in each of the systems of the first to fourth embodiments described above.
  • the NFT issuance command is generated by the person concerned.
  • one NFT is generated for one final object in the supply chain or value chain, but in the system of this embodiment, each party in such one supply chain or value chain generates and provides one NFT.
  • Such an NFT may be associated with an object produced in a supply chain or value chain.
  • one NFT may be generated in association with one batch of harvested agricultural products.
  • one NFT associated with the one batch may be generated based on instructions from the user (producer) in the user application related to the producer who harvested the agricultural products.
  • a consumer of the final object corresponding to such a batch may purchase such an NFT as a means of expressing gratitude (or as a donation) to the producer.
  • the farmer who issued the NFT has the advantage of being able to earn profits from the sale of the NFT in addition to the normal production of agricultural products.
  • ordinary techniques may be used for the mechanism of consideration obtained by selling such NFTs. Further, such NFTs may be sold as appropriate in the NFT market.
  • the system of this embodiment has the advantage of being able to support the generation of NFTs that can increase such value.
  • the system according to the first aspect comprises: a first acquisition unit that acquires one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • a second acquisition unit that acquires the one or more second data including geographical data and temporal data obtained by acquiring the geographical data; Processing is performed to associate the one or more pieces of second data with management unit data for at least one stage of a plurality of stages according to the configuration of the supply chain or value chain, and to store the data in a blockchain.
  • processing section "It is equipped with the following.”
  • a system according to a second aspect is a system according to the first aspect, in which "a command for merging or splitting the management unit data for each stage is acquired from the information processing device". It is.
  • the second data includes at least data related to ownership or possession of objects related to the supply chain or value chain; "contains data indicating whether possession or possession of the object has been received by the recipient.”
  • the one or more first data and the one or more second data in all stages in the supply chain or value chain Both data and one NFT data are associated with each other and issued on the blockchain, and stored and processed on the blockchain, The final purchaser of the object in the supply chain or value chain is set by the owner of the one NFT data in the blockchain.
  • the producer of the object in at least one of the plurality of stages is NFT data that is different from the one NFT data.
  • the data is associated with the object produced by the producer and published on the blockchain.
  • data related to the reliability of the first party is data related to a party other than the first party, and , the degree of contribution by the first party.
  • the system according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that in any one of the first to sixth aspects, "the data related to parties other than the first party includes the number of parties involved, the degree of contribution by the first party includes data on the amount paid by the first party; ” is a thing.
  • a system includes, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, "an acquisition unit that acquires data related to CO2 absorption; an acquisition unit that acquires data related to CO2 emissions; and calculates the amount of CO2 released for a given unit of object by applying it to a given equation.
  • the predetermined equation is selected from one or more equations in response to an input by a user. It is something that exists.
  • a system according to a tenth aspect is a system according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein "the data related to CO2 absorption includes data related to trees,
  • the data related to CO2 emissions includes data related to the movement of articles used in the manufacture of the target object.
  • the system according to the eleventh aspect in any one of the first to tenth aspects, includes the following: "data related to whether or not the one or more first data and the one or more second data have been tampered with; ⁇ Communicate with information processing devices related to parties in the supply chain or value chain.''
  • the computer program according to the twelfth aspect is “ system, a first acquisition means for acquiring one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • processing means It is intended to be operated as a
  • a computer program according to a thirteenth aspect is the computer program according to the twelfth aspect, wherein "the system includes a memory.”
  • the method according to the fourteenth aspect is the method according to any one of the first to thirteenth aspects, in which “the system a first acquisition step of acquiring one or more first data, each corresponding to one or more predetermined static data types defined for the supply chain or value chain; One or more pieces of second data each corresponding to one or more predetermined dynamic data types defined for the supply chain or value chain, the information processing device having acquired at least one piece of the second data.
  • a method according to a fifteenth aspect is the method according to the fourteenth aspect, wherein "the system includes a memory.”
  • the mobile terminal, server, or cloud used in each of the above-mentioned systems may be composed of one or more information processing devices.
  • the information processing device 10 may include a bus 11, a calculation device 12, a storage device 13, an input device 14, a display device 15, and a communication IF 16, as shown in FIG. Further, the information processing device 10 may be directly or indirectly connected to other information processing devices via the network 19. Further, the information processing device 10 may be connected to a database (not shown). Furthermore, the database may be included within the information processing device 10.
  • the bus 11 may have a function of transmitting information between the arithmetic device 12, the storage device 13, the input device 14, the display device 15, and the communication IF 16.
  • An example of the arithmetic device 12 is a processor. This may be a CPU or an MPU. It may also include a graphics processing unit, digital signal processor, and the like. In short, the arithmetic device 12 may be any device that can execute instructions of a program.
  • the storage device 13 is a device that records information. This may be either external memory or internal memory, and may be either main storage or auxiliary storage. Further, a magnetic disk (hard disk), optical disk, magnetic tape, semiconductor memory, etc. may be used. Further, it may have a storage device via a network or a storage device on a cloud via a network.
  • registers, L1 caches, L2 caches, etc. that store information near the arithmetic unit may be included in the arithmetic unit 12 in the schematic diagram of this figure, but in the design of computer architecture, information
  • the storage device 13 may include these as devices for recording. In short, it is sufficient that the arithmetic device 12, the storage device 13, and the bus 11 are configured so that they can cooperate to execute information processing.
  • the storage device 13 can be equipped with a program that executes services related to the present invention. Further, data necessary for executing services related to the present invention can be recorded as appropriate.
  • the information processing according to the present system may be realized by a programmable logic device whose hardware circuit itself can be changed or by a dedicated circuit in which the information processing to be executed is determined.
  • the input device 14 is for inputting information, but may have other functions. Examples of the input device 14 include a keyboard, a mouse, a touch panel, and a pointing device such as a pen-type pointing device.
  • the display device 15 has, for example, a display, but may have other functions. Further, the display device 15 may be a liquid crystal display, a plasma display, an organic EL display, or the like. In short, any device that can display information may be used. Further, the input device 14 may be partially provided like a touch panel.
  • the network 19 transmits information together with the communication IF 16. That is, it has a function of transmitting information from the information processing device 10 to other information terminals 18 via the network.
  • the communication IF 16 may be of any connection type, such as USB, IEEE1394, Ethernet (registered trademark), PCI, or SCSI.
  • the network 19 may be wired or wireless, and may use optical fiber, coaxial cable, Ethernet cable, or the like.
  • the information processing device 10 is described as one, but the information processing device 10 may be composed of a plurality of information processing devices.
  • the plurality of information processing devices may be connected internally or externally.
  • the owners may be different.
  • the person who operates the information processing device 10 as a system according to the present invention may be different from the owner of the information processing device 10.
  • the above-mentioned server may be a physical entity or may be a virtual entity.
  • the information processing device 10 may be virtually realized using cloud computing.
  • the term "related party” may refer to a person who is responsible for a part of a supply chain or value chain, or an organization (including a corporation) or a person who is responsible for a part of a supply chain or value chain.
  • the latter include, for example, organizations (including corporations) or persons involved in the above-mentioned certification, which can affect the credibility, sustainability, etc. of objects handled in the supply chain or value chain.
  • server processing may be processed by one or more servers, the cloud, or one or more servers and the cloud.
  • the blockchain in this application has a data structure that is easy to detect tampering by using electronic signatures and hash pointers, and has high availability by having the data held in a large number of nodes distributed on the network. It may also be a technology that realizes data identity, data identity, etc.
  • the blockchain in the present document is not limited, and may be Ethereum, Stellar, Polygon, Solana, or the like.
  • the system of each embodiment in the present document when the system of each embodiment in the present document performs a process of storing data on a blockchain, the system of each embodiment must provide instructions for storing the data in order to store the data on the blockchain. You may also perform processing such as transmitting data for storage together with the data.
  • a blockchain-dedicated application for storing data in the blockchain may be used to store such data.
  • an application dedicated to the blockchain may be used to perform the NFT issuing process.
  • the supply chain in the present application includes, for example, the chain is constructed by suppliers of raw materials and parts, includes the presence or absence of a flow of things such as the supplier's supply network, and includes completion from multiple links to the manufacturer. It can be something.
  • the value chain in this document may be, for example, the value generated by a company and added during the manufacturing process, which is completed within the business activities of one company.
  • applications related to the application such as user applications, certifier applications, end-user applications, and/or applications for executing part or all of the system of each embodiment, are downloaded and installed.
  • the functions realized by these applications may be provided in the form of a web browser on the Internet.
  • the functions realized by the user application, the certifier application, the end user application, and/or the application for executing part or all of the system of each embodiment may be implemented by the server and/or the cloud. , may be provided via the Internet.
  • the user, certifier, or end user authenticates themselves through login authentication and enters data on the web browser, and the server and/or cloud stores these data.
  • processing may be performed to store these data in a blockchain.
  • the server and/or cloud may store geographic data of information processing devices used by users, certifiers, end users, administrators, etc., when input on a web browser. You may use the geographic information acquisition function of your information processing device, such as GPS or WIFI, to acquire it.
  • static data and/or dynamic data (which may include data related to authentication) (or their If it is possible to encrypt a hashed data and decrypt it with the corresponding public key, the user terminal or certifier terminal used to input these encrypted data will be able to access the encryption key and its usage. Since the user terminal and the certifier terminal are associated, data input cannot be denied later. Therefore, in addition to determining spoofing (determining whether another person entered the data), it is also possible to determine the denial of data entry (the truth or falsity of a claim that the user or authenticator did not enter the data). This has the advantage of clarifying the responsibilities of those involved in the supply chain or value chain.
  • the processes and procedures described in this application document may be realized not only by those explicitly described in the embodiments but also by software, hardware, or a combination thereof.
  • the processes and procedures described in the documents of this application may be implemented as computer programs and may be executed by various computers.
  • the processes and procedures for realizing the systems of each of the embodiments described above may be implemented as computer programs and may be executed by various computers.
  • These computer programs may also be stored on a storage medium. Additionally, these programs may be stored on non-transitory or temporary storage media.

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Abstract

[Problème] Fournir une technologie qui utilise des données se rapportant davantage à une cible. [Solution] Ce système comprend : une première unité d'acquisition qui acquiert un ou plusieurs éléments de premières données, dont chacun correspond à un ou à plusieurs types prescrits de données statiques spécifiés pour une chaîne d'approvisionnement ou une chaîne de valeur ; une seconde unité d'acquisition qui acquiert un ou plusieurs éléments de secondes données, dont chacun correspond à un ou à plusieurs types prescrits de données dynamiques spécifiés pour la chaîne d'approvisionnement ou la chaîne de valeurs, le ou les éléments de secondes données comprenant des données géographiques pour un dispositif de traitement d'informations qui a acquis au moins un élément des secondes données et des données temporelles pour l'acquisition des données géographiques ; et une unité de traitement qui réalise un processus pour stocker, dans une chaîne de blocs, le ou les éléments de secondes données en association avec des données d'unité de gestion pour au moins un étage parmi une pluralité d'étages correspondant à la configuration de la chaîne d'approvisionnement ou de la chaîne de valeur.
PCT/JP2022/031934 2022-08-24 2022-08-24 Système, dispositif de traitement d'informations, dispositif serveur, programme informatique et/ou procédé WO2024042655A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180285810A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Ripe Technology, Inc. Systems and methods of blockchain transaction recordation in a food supply chain
WO2021095795A1 (fr) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-20 株式会社Ｍｉａｒｅ Dispositif de traitement d'informations
JP2021519488A (ja) * 2018-03-28 2021-08-10 バカリス，コンスタンティノス ブロックチェーン内でコード及びイメージを用いるためのシステム及び方法
WO2022149501A1 (fr) * 2021-01-06 2022-07-14 株式会社デンソー Procédé de gestion d'informations et procédé de fourniture d'informations

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180285810A1 (en) * 2017-03-29 2018-10-04 Ripe Technology, Inc. Systems and methods of blockchain transaction recordation in a food supply chain
JP2021519488A (ja) * 2018-03-28 2021-08-10 バカリス，コンスタンティノス ブロックチェーン内でコード及びイメージを用いるためのシステム及び方法
WO2021095795A1 (fr) * 2019-11-12 2021-05-20 株式会社Ｍｉａｒｅ Dispositif de traitement d'informations
WO2022149501A1 (fr) * 2021-01-06 2022-07-14 株式会社デンソー Procédé de gestion d'informations et procédé de fourniture d'informations

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