WO2024035272A1 - Isolation thermique par air (ita) - Google Patents

Isolation thermique par air (ita) Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024035272A1
WO2024035272A1 PCT/RU2022/000271 RU2022000271W WO2024035272A1 WO 2024035272 A1 WO2024035272 A1 WO 2024035272A1 RU 2022000271 W RU2022000271 W RU 2022000271W WO 2024035272 A1 WO2024035272 A1 WO 2024035272A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blocks
membranes
thickness
tiv
block
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/RU2022/000271
Other languages
English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Борис Владимирович КРАЙНОВ
Original Assignee
Борис Владимирович КРАЙНОВ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Борис Владимирович КРАЙНОВ filed Critical Борис Владимирович КРАЙНОВ
Publication of WO2024035272A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024035272A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to thermal insulation technology, and more specifically to the designs of thermal insulation of pipelines and cylindrical vessels of nuclear thermal power plants (NPP).
  • NPP nuclear thermal power plants
  • Removable thermal insulation is known, containing thermal insulation blocks of block removable thermal insulation (hereinafter referred to as BTI) placed on the outer surface of heat-insulated equipment close to each other, joined together by longitudinal side walls and including boxes made of stainless steel and filled with thermal insulation material (see Russian patent RU2716771C2 - 2020, application RU No. 2017111880 dated 04/07/2017). This patent is taken as a prototype.
  • BTI block removable thermal insulation
  • the disadvantage is that the patent uses a heat-insulating material made of fiberglass in its design. When the primary circuit decompresses, the possibility of glass fiber entering the reactor core cannot be ruled out.
  • the relatively thick cover of the heat-insulating block (hereinafter referred to as TB) BSTI, 1 mm thick, is made to avoid burns when attaching tight lever locks that tighten the TB together.
  • Lever locks are attached to the TB covers using studs, welded to the TB covers by melting the pins at a current of 10,000 amperes (fast, but not profitable).
  • the TIV locks proposed in the application are located on the corner sections of the TB covers and are attached to local pads by conventional welding without the use of reflow. All TB BSTI covers add 29.5t to the total insulation weight.
  • the total weight acting on the walls of the TB with an average height of 140, with a wall thickness of TB 0.5 mm, is 16.205 kg.
  • the total weight acting on the walls of a TB with an average height of 84 mm, with a wall thickness of TB 0.3 mm, is 10.378 kg (reduction in the weight of 1 m 2 of insulation is due to the smaller thickness and height of the side walls, the reduced thickness of the TB cover, securing TB locks and excluding 5.5 kg fiberglass with clips).
  • the thickness of the walls of the TB TIV is ⁇ 0.2998 mm ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the TIV is taken to be 0.3 mm.
  • the objectives of the proposed invention are: to create thermal insulation that is more advanced than block removable thermal insulation (BRI) installed at the Tianwan NPP (PRC), at the Kudankulam NPP and at most nuclear power plants in the Russian Federation, to exclude fiberglass from the insulation composition and replace it with atmospheric air, reducing the wall thickness of the TB to 0.3 mm, ensuring the optimal height of the heat-insulating block while maintaining its thermophysical characteristics, reliable fastening of membranes without welding, fastening adjacent module bottoms to each other with a constant tight connection during operation, creating locking connections of block covers with self-sealing during seismic, vibration, temperature and other fluctuations, reducing the weight of thermal insulation by a total of 36%.
  • BTI block removable thermal insulation
  • the main idea of the proposed invention is to optimally reduce the thickness of the side and end walls of the heat-insulating block and, as a consequence, reduce the heat transfer through them by thermal conductivity.
  • the thickness of the heat-insulating block cover has also been reduced.
  • TIV contains heat-insulating blocks placed on the outer surface of the heat-insulated equipment close to each other, including boxes joined together by longitudinal side walls, made of stainless steel and filled with filtered atmospheric air.
  • TIV is made of heat-insulating blocks, with external geometric dimensions (with the exception of the reduced optimal thickness of TIV blocks) and configurations that completely coincide with the external geometric dimensions and configurations of the BSTI blocks of the prototype.
  • the lid and side walls of the TB are made of stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 0.3mm, the bottom is made of stainless sheet steel with a thickness of 0.2mm; sets of gratings with a rod diameter of ⁇ 0.3-0.5 ⁇ mm are fastened without welding to coaxial membranes made of stainless steel sheets with a thickness of ⁇ 0.05-OD ⁇ mm.
  • the seal between the air gap chambers and the side walls of the unit body is made using membranes and elastic gratings; the seal between the air gap chambers and the end walls of the TB is made using the butt ends of the membranes and a cylindrical plinth made of a stainless steel strip 0.1 mm thick, customized locally when assembling TB and TB welded to the side walls by contact welding.
  • the elastic lattice of each row is made with a curvature that copies the curvature of the cylindrical surface of the response membrane of the corresponding row.
  • the transverse edges of the lattice are bent with a radius ⁇ 1 ⁇ 7.5 mm with a linear extension k.
  • the outer surface of the lattice is covered with a tight-fitting membrane, tightly bent along the transverse edges to a distance k.
  • Thin-walled membranes with gratings located between them, form chambers of air layers of the block with a thickness of less than 15 mm.
  • the dimensions of the membranes increase from the bottom to the lid in proportion to the lengths of the arcs of each subsequent row by the amount:
  • AL is an increase in the arc length of the membrane surface of the subsequent row
  • a p is the linear distance from the surface of the previous row of membrane to a similar surface of the membrane of the next row, is within
  • Y is the angle between the contact elements of flexible membranes with the walls of the block.
  • a thermostatic gap, ⁇ 15mm thick, as the primary insulating air layer of the ring section, is installed between the bottom and the heat-insulated body by the sockets.
  • the side walls of the covers of adjacent blocks are connected to each other using tip-hooks attached to the corners of the walls of the block covers and made in the form of a separate identical sector of the fourth part of the body of rotation: a ball or an ellipsoid in such a way that when four adjacent sectors are assembled, a single body of revolution is formed, self-sealing in a removable grab funnel, designed in such a way that when the grab funnel is in working position, the elastic petals provide tight compression of the hook tips, and when the hook tips pass the neck of the grab funnel under the action of an applied force, the petals elastically unclench and then return to their original position position.
  • an additional detachable elastic ring is additionally mounted on the grab funnel, providing additional compression.
  • the side walls of the bottoms of four adjacent blocks are connected to each other using guide cylindrical pins attached to the bottom of the block and fit tightly into the four sockets of the centering metal socket.
  • patentable TIV. has the following differences from the prototype:
  • Fiberglass was replaced with atmospheric air. The penetration of glass fiber into the coolant circuit and the reactor core is excluded.
  • TIV blocks consisting of thin-walled and axially symmetrical coaxial membranes, have low metal consumption and the most favorable physical properties for tensile and compression, evenly distributed bending moment forces along the perimeter and length of the heat-insulated surface.
  • the leader in the thickness dimension of the TIVS is the thermal conductivity of the side and end walls of the block, which determines the height of these walls and, as a consequence, the thickness of the thermal insulation as a whole, selected in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documentation.
  • Thermal bridges are essential - places where four modules meet together, or, more simply, their intersections, increasing the local total thickness of the side walls.
  • P is the total power of thermal transfer; x - thermal conductivity coefficient;
  • the heights of the walls of BSTI blocks and TIV blocks will be proportional to the areas of the transverse wall sections, that is, wall thicknesses.
  • the maximum thickness of BSTI blocks is 160 mm with a wall thickness of 0.5 mm. With the wall thickness of the TIV block equal to 0.3 mm, the maximum thickness of the TIV block is ⁇ 96 mm, which is confirmed experimentally. The additional strength associated with the reduction in the thickness of the block walls is compensated by the internal reinforcement device.
  • a cascade of metal membranes shields the outer surface of the TIV from radiant heat transfer, and practically motionless air is a good insulator from thermal conductivity from the membranes of hotter air layers.
  • Figure 1 shows a TB TIV with an open casing
  • Figure 2 shows a fragment of the cross section of TB TIV
  • Figure 3 shows an elastic lattice for the membrane
  • Figure 4 shows the assembly and contact of the membranes with the walls of the block
  • Figure 5 shows an enlarged fragment of a lattice with a membrane
  • Figure 6 shows an enlarged fragment of the membrane in its working position
  • Figure 7 shows a hook tip
  • Figure 8 shows a capture funnel
  • Figure 9 shows the fastening of the covers and bottoms of the TIV blocks
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic fastening of adjacent TIV blocks with locks
  • Figure 11 shows the fastening of the bottoms of the TIV blocks.
  • Figure 1 shows a TB TIV, consisting of a cover, pos. 1, two side walls, pos. 2, located at an angle Q to each other, two end walls, pos. 3, made in the form of flat annular sectors, and a cylindrical bottom, pos. 4. resting through pins pos. 15 and sockets pos. 16 on the heat-insulated surface pos. 5.
  • position 6 for clarity, shown with a black line
  • the thermostatic gap pos. 9, thickness ⁇ 15 mm, as the primary insulating air layer of the annular section, is installed between the bottom pos.
  • Thin-walled membranes form chambers of air layers of the block pos. 17 with a layer thickness of less than 15 mm.
  • hook tips, position 18, are installed to connect the TBs to each other.
  • position 1 with a thickness of 0.3 mm, longitudinal channels, position 8, and stiffening ribs, position 23, are welded to the cover and in contact with the upper membrane.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional fragment of a part of a TB TIV.
  • Membranes pos. 6 (indicated by black lines) are installed between the elastic gratings pos. 7 without a gap with the walls of the block.
  • First compaction of all the grids in the TB, and then the final assembly of the membranes with the grids.
  • a package of six membrane assemblies with gratings is finally secured by a welded connection of the lid, pos. 1, and the bottom, pos. 4, with the walls, pos. 2, pos. 3 (Fig. 1).
  • Membranes pos. b with grilles pos. 7 form chamber air layers pos. 17 with a layer thickness ⁇ 15 mm, in which the air is stationary and there are no convective currents.
  • the thickness of TB TIV ranges from 72mm to 96mm depending on the temperature of the heat-insulated body.
  • Figure 4 shows the assembly and contact of the membranes pos.b with the walls of the block pos.2, the cylindrical plinth pos.24 is welded by contact welding to the walls of pos.2.
  • Figure 5 shows an enlarged fragment of the lattice.
  • the tight bend of the membrane pos.b along the edge of the grille pos.7 is carried out using manual rolling.
  • IT radius ⁇ 7.5mm.
  • the circles represent the longitudinal bars of the lattice.
  • Figure 6 shows an enlarged fragment of the membrane in its working position.
  • Figure 7 shows the hook tip pos. 18 with a radius of curvature G2.
  • the hook tips are turned on a lathe and cut into 4 equal parts. Installation is carried out and argon arc welding is used to connect pos. 10 to the cover pos. 1.
  • Figure 8 shows a removable funnel-grab pos. 19, which is the counterpart of the hook tips pos. 18.
  • Its elastic part is made of longitudinal petals pos. 20 in the form of a thin-walled body of rotation, with a neck - the narrowest point of compression of the longitudinal petals.
  • an open elastic ring, pos. 12 is additionally mounted on the neck of the unified gripper funnel, which is secured to the gripper funnel with clamps pos. 13 using contact welding.
  • the elastic part of the grab funnel is fixed to the cylindrical shell pos. 21 using contact welding.
  • the elastic funnel-grabber pos. 19 is designed in such a way that in its working position the elastic petals of pos. 20 are designed to compress the tip-hooks pos.
  • the total weight of one such assembly for connecting modules from 4 adjacent bottoms is ⁇ 60 grams.
  • Figure 9 shows the fastening of the covers and bottoms of the TIV blocks. Shown is the standard assembly of hook tips, pos. 18, with a radius of curvature IT of adjacent heat-insulating blocks with a removable elastic funnel-gripper, pos. 19. Funnels-grabs are made with bottoms pos. 22.
  • the side walls of the bottoms of four adjacent blocks are connected to each other using cylindrical guide pins pos. 15, which fit tightly into the four sockets of the centering socket pos. 16.
  • the blocks can be connected to each other either individually or simultaneously across all 4 modules.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic fastening of TIV blocks with locks in the angular junctions of the boundaries of the blocks, position 14.
  • Angular fastening of blocks allows avoiding adjustment and welding of ⁇ 6000 locks with TB covers when installing locks in the nuclear power plant area.
  • Fig. 11 shows the connection with the bottoms of the TB, pos. 4, of the guide cylindrical pins, pos. 15, with the centering grid, pos. 16, resting on the heat-insulated body, pos. 5.
  • Tight connection of the TB bottoms using sockets is very important because any cylindrical surface of the heat exchange shell has a natural permissible ellipse.
  • Si and S 2 - thicknesses of stainless thin-walled steel covers BSTI and TIV; ki and k 2 are coefficients that take into account the method of securing the edges of facing steel shells.
  • Formulas for calculating the thickness of the covers of TB TIV and TB BSTI are taken as a conservative reserve, as for a flat bottom operating under low external pressure, which most realistically reflects the geometry and operating modes of the blocks;
  • the number of membranes and chambers in the TIV module depends on the total power, the heat flow from the surface of the thermally insulated body and the temperature difference dT between the surfaces of the thermally insulated body and the outer surface of the TIV.
  • the total weight of TIV per 3758 m 2 3758 m 2 is the area of the entire BSTI of the Kudankulam NPP, India, 2022) is 39.0 tons.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte aux techniques d'isolation thermique, et concerne notamment des structures d'isolation thermique de conduits et de récipients cylindriques dans des centrales électriques thermiques nucléaires. Cette isolation thermique par air comprend des unités d'isolation thermique disposées étroitement l'une contre l'autre sur la surface externe de l'équipement à isoler thermiquement. Les unités comprennent: un boîtier; un couvercle; un fond et des parois latérales d'unités d'isolation thermique (UI), les UI comprenant des ensembles de grilles et des membranes; un corps d'isolation thermique (surface); des embouts d'attache; un entonnoir de prise; des lobes élastiques; un anneau élastique; des chambres de couches intermédiaires d'air, des parois d'extrémité de UI, une plinthe cylindrique, une tige cylindrique, et une prise métallique de centrage. L'invention permet de réduire les épaisseurs des parois latérales et d'extrémité de l'unité d'isolation thermique et, par conséquence, de réduire le transfert de chaleur via ces dernières par conduction thermique.
PCT/RU2022/000271 2022-08-10 2022-09-05 Isolation thermique par air (ita) WO2024035272A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2022121736 2022-08-10
RU2022121736 2022-08-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024035272A1 true WO2024035272A1 (fr) 2024-02-15

Family

ID=89852223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/RU2022/000271 WO2024035272A1 (fr) 2022-08-10 2022-09-05 Isolation thermique par air (ita)

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2024035272A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981689A (en) * 1974-10-15 1976-09-21 Hitco Insulator
DE3003708A1 (de) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-06 Grünzweig + Hartmann Montage GmbH, 6700 Ludwigshafen Ganzmetall-waermedaemmung, bestehend aus aneinanderfuegbaren waermedaemm-bausteinen
RU2716771C2 (ru) * 2017-04-07 2020-03-16 Публичное Акционерное Общество "Машиностроительный Завод "Зио-Подольск" Армированная съемная тепловая изоляция (асти)
RU2725046C1 (ru) * 2019-09-24 2020-06-29 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Металлическая тепловая изоляция (МТИ)
RU2728560C1 (ru) * 2019-12-09 2020-07-30 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Унифицированная металлическая тепловая изоляция (УМТИ)
RU2020121937A (ru) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Металлическая каркасная тепловая изоляция

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3981689A (en) * 1974-10-15 1976-09-21 Hitco Insulator
DE3003708A1 (de) * 1980-02-01 1981-08-06 Grünzweig + Hartmann Montage GmbH, 6700 Ludwigshafen Ganzmetall-waermedaemmung, bestehend aus aneinanderfuegbaren waermedaemm-bausteinen
RU2716771C2 (ru) * 2017-04-07 2020-03-16 Публичное Акционерное Общество "Машиностроительный Завод "Зио-Подольск" Армированная съемная тепловая изоляция (асти)
RU2725046C1 (ru) * 2019-09-24 2020-06-29 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Металлическая тепловая изоляция (МТИ)
RU2728560C1 (ru) * 2019-12-09 2020-07-30 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Унифицированная металлическая тепловая изоляция (УМТИ)
RU2020121937A (ru) * 2020-07-02 2022-01-04 Борис Владимирович Крайнов Металлическая каркасная тепловая изоляция

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3239985B1 (fr) Tige de combustible de réacteur à eau légère, et ensemble de combustible
EP2514925A2 (fr) Système de fixation d'une virole composite à matrice céramique
KR101899114B1 (ko) 스택 조립체
KR101549054B1 (ko) 반사형 금속 단열재
US20120138280A1 (en) Layer heat exchanger for high temperatures
WO2024035272A1 (fr) Isolation thermique par air (ita)
US3920518A (en) Pressure vessels having thermal insulsation
US20120231185A1 (en) Insulation cassette for the heat insulation of elongated elements
JP7249083B2 (ja) 補強された取り外し可能な断熱装置
KR101794359B1 (ko) 액화천연가스 운반선의 탱크 내벽 구조
RU2809132C1 (ru) Металлическая тепловая изоляция (МТИ)
RU2728560C1 (ru) Унифицированная металлическая тепловая изоляция (УМТИ)
WO2024035273A1 (fr) Isolation thermique métallique (itm)
RU2725046C1 (ru) Металлическая тепловая изоляция (МТИ)
RU2798333C1 (ru) Металлическая блочная тепловая изоляция (МБТИ)
CN109573094B (zh) 一种基于飞行器舱段对接的热防护装置
WO2024162865A1 (fr) Isolation thermique en bloc métallique
RU2820278C1 (ru) Металлическая гофрированная тепловая изоляция (МГТИ)
CN217107228U (zh) 一种民用航空涡桨发动机的隔热装置
CA1142728A (fr) Isolant thermique tout metal fait de blocs de construction isolants a imbriquer
US4035232A (en) Closure system
CN213333026U (zh) 一种易安装的双层膨胀节
CN109812646A (zh) 一种高性能金属反射型保温层
KR200173843Y1 (ko) 고온 고압용 수면 게이지의 밀봉구조
CN111613350A (zh) 一种可增强燃料元件间导热的压水堆燃料组件

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22955130

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1