WO2024031743A1 - 一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器 - Google Patents

一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器 Download PDF

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WO2024031743A1
WO2024031743A1 PCT/CN2022/114666 CN2022114666W WO2024031743A1 WO 2024031743 A1 WO2024031743 A1 WO 2024031743A1 CN 2022114666 W CN2022114666 W CN 2022114666W WO 2024031743 A1 WO2024031743 A1 WO 2024031743A1
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laser
energy level
mirror
band
dielectric film
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PCT/CN2022/114666
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English (en)
French (fr)
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于浩海
张怀金
陈延峰
梁飞
何程
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山东大学
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Priority to EP22821275.9A priority Critical patent/EP4346031A1/en
Priority to US17/952,365 priority patent/US20230091773A1/en
Publication of WO2024031743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024031743A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/106—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity

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  • the present invention relates to the field of laser technology, and more specifically to a method and a laser that break through the limitation of laser wavelength by fluorescence spectrum.
  • laser plays an important role in important fields related to the national economy and national security.
  • Different applications require lasers of different wavelengths, and the available laser wavelengths are determined by the energy level difference during electron transition.
  • Bohr's hydrogen atom model the energy level of electrons is quantized and discrete, and is affected by uniform and non-uniform broadening. Its spectrum can be broadened to a certain extent, and the laser produced can achieve a certain wavelength at a certain wavelength using tunable laser technology.
  • the range is continuously adjustable.
  • nonlinear optics and frequency conversion technology have been developed, and based on the laser emission wavelength, it has been expanded to many ultraviolet and infrared bands, which meets many practical application needs.
  • nonlinear optics and frequency conversion technology are based on the high-order response of electrons in materials to external light fields.
  • the frequency conversion process is determined by the nonlinear polarizability of the material, which is often several times smaller than the linear polarizability. orders of magnitude, which requires a larger power density of the incident light field; the efficiency of nonlinear frequency conversion is also determined by effects and limitations such as phase matching, walk-off, temperature, etc., which requires higher design and application requirements for wavelength extension devices. Therefore, expanding the laser wavelength directly from the laser emission process and realizing quantum "cutting" of the electronic transition process has advantages that are difficult to match with nonlinear frequency conversion technology. At the same time, it can also provide a basic light source for nonlinear optics and frequency conversion technology. , to further expand the laser wavelength.
  • the present invention provides a method and a laser that break through the limitation of laser wavelength by fluorescence spectrum to solve the technical problems existing in the background technology.
  • the present invention discloses a method for breaking through the limitation of fluorescence spectrum on laser wavelength.
  • the method includes: the laser gain medium transitions electrons to a high energy level under the excitation of pump light, and controls and suppresses electrons from passing through the laser resonant cavity coating.
  • the laser resonant cavity includes an incident mirror, a folding mirror, a tuning element and an exit mirror arranged in sequence along the direction of the optical path.
  • the laser gain medium is located between the incident mirror and the folding mirror in the laser resonant cavity.
  • the laser gain medium transitions electrons to a high energy level under the excitation of pump light, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • the pump light provided by the pump source is focused by the focusing system and then injected into the laser gain medium, which excites the electron transition to a high energy level.
  • the laser resonator coating is used to control and suppress the oscillation of the radiated light when electrons transition from high energy levels to low energy levels, and at the same time, laser resonance is used to enhance the transition probability of the electron-phonon coupling energy level when electrons are coupled from high energy levels to multi-phonon coupling, thereby achieving Break through the luminescence and enhancement of the fluorescence spectrum and achieve radiated light oscillation, including:
  • the laser gain medium When the wavelength of the pump light is 976nm, the laser gain medium includes a calcium borate oxygen rare earth salt crystal with a doping concentration of ytterbium ions of 1at%-30at%.
  • the crystal surface of the laser gain medium is polished and plated to be highly transparent to the 1000nm-1500nm band. Passed gain dielectric film;
  • the folding mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transparent to the 900-1100nm band and fully reflective to the 1100-1500nm band;
  • the output mirror is either coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to the 900-1100nm band and partially reflective to the 1100-1200nm band, or is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transmissive to the 900-1200nm band and partially reflective to the 1200-1300nm band. Or coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to the 900-1400nm band and partially reflective to the 1400-1500nm band.
  • the laser resonator coating is used to control and suppress the oscillation of the radiated light when electrons transition from high energy levels to low energy levels, and at the same time, laser resonance is used to enhance the transition probability of the electron-phonon coupling energy level when electrons are coupled from high energy levels to multi-phonon coupling, thereby achieving Breakthroughs in the luminescence and enhancement of the fluorescence spectrum and the realization of radiated light oscillation also include:
  • the laser gain medium When the wavelength of the pump light is 532nm, the laser gain medium includes titanium sapphire crystal with a doping concentration of 0.1at%-5at%.
  • the crystal surface of the laser gain medium is polished and the incident light is incident on the laser gain medium at Brewster's angle. crystal surface;
  • Enter dielectric film A that is mirror-coated to have high transmittance for the 500-1100nm band and high reflection for the 1100-1500nm band;
  • the folded mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transparent to the 500-1100nm band and fully reflective to the 1100-1500nm band;
  • the output mirror is either coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to the 500-1100nm band and partially reflective to the 1100-1200nm band, or is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transmissive to the 500-1200nm band and partially reflective to the 1200-1300nm band. Or coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to the 500-1400nm band and partially reflective to the 1400-1500nm band.
  • the laser resonator coating is used to control and suppress the oscillation of radiated light when electrons transition from high energy levels to low energy levels, and at the same time, laser resonance is used to enhance the transition probability of electron-phonon coupling energy levels when electrons are coupled from high energy levels to multi-phonon coupling, including :
  • the laser gain medium When the wavelength of the pump light is 795nm, the laser gain medium includes a yttrium aluminum garnet crystal with a thulium doping concentration of 0.1at%-20at%. The crystal surface of the laser gain medium is polished and plated to match the 795nm and 1800-2100nm bands. permeable dielectric membrane;
  • the folding mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transparent to the 795nm and 1800-2100nm bands and has total reflection of 2100-2500nm;
  • Output mirror plating or dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 795nm and 1800-2100nm and partially reflective to 2100-2500nm.
  • the present invention discloses a laser for achieving a method of breaking through the limitation of laser wavelength by fluorescence spectrum.
  • the laser includes: a pump source, an incident mirror, a laser gain medium, a folding mirror, and a tuning device arranged in sequence along the optical path direction.
  • the component and the exit mirror, the pump source is used to emit pump light
  • the entrance mirror, the folding mirror and the exit mirror form a laser resonant cavity
  • the laser resonant cavity is used to regulate and suppress the transition of electrons from a high energy level to a low energy level.
  • the oscillation of radiated light simultaneously uses laser resonance to enhance the transition probability of electrons on the electron-phonon coupling energy level when electrons are coupled from high energy levels to multi-phonon coupling; the tuning element is arranged in the laser resonant cavity at Brewster's angle. .
  • a focusing system is also provided between the pump source and the incident mirror.
  • the tuning element includes a birefringent filter or prism.
  • the surface of the laser gain medium is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to a specific wavelength band to improve the laser transmission efficiency.
  • High reflection means that the reflectivity of incident light of a specific wavelength or band is greater than 99%
  • High transmittance means that the transmittance of light of a specific wavelength or band is greater than 99%
  • Partial reflection refers to the reflectivity of light of a specific wavelength or band between 80% and 99.9%.
  • the present invention provides a method and laser that break through the limitation of fluorescence spectrum on laser wavelength. Compared with the existing technology, it has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention uses laser resonant cavity coating to regulate and suppress the oscillation of radiated light when electrons transition from high energy level to low energy level, and at the same time enhance the transition probability of electron-phonon coupling energy level when electrons couple from high energy level to multi-phonon coupling, that is, by
  • the surface of the incident mirror, folding mirror and exit mirror of the laser resonator is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent or highly reflective or partially transparent for a specific wavelength band. Together with the laser gain medium and tuning components, it can break through the limitations of the fluorescence spectrum and obtain Lasers with new wavelengths.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser provided by the present invention
  • embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for breaking through the limitation of fluorescence spectrum on laser wavelength.
  • the method includes: the laser gain medium jumps electrons to a high energy level under the excitation of pump light, and regulates and suppresses electrons through laser resonant cavity coating.
  • the laser resonant cavity includes an incident mirror, a folding mirror, a tuning element and an exit mirror arranged in sequence along the direction of the optical path.
  • the laser gain medium is located between the incident mirror and the folding mirror in the laser resonant cavity. .
  • the pump light can be provided by a pump source.
  • the pump light emitted by the pump source is focused by the focusing system and then injected into the laser gain medium to excite the electron transition to a high energy level.
  • This invention uses the physical effect of electron-phonon coupling and utilizes the mode selection process of laser to realize stimulated radiation of electrons with the participation of multiple phonons, thereby breaking through the traditional thinking that the laser wavelength is limited by the fluorescence radiation envelope of the gain medium. and design ideas, which can be specifically controlled through laser resonant cavity coating.
  • the wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source is 976nm.
  • the pump source can choose a semiconductor laser.
  • the focusing system consists of a pair of convex lenses with a focal length ratio of 1:1.
  • the laser gain medium is ytterbium ion doping concentration of 15at% calcium borate oxygen rare earth. Salt crystal, the surface of the crystal is polished and coated with a high-permeability dielectric film of 1000nm-1500nm;
  • the laser resonant cavity is composed of an input mirror coated with dielectric film A, a folding mirror coated with dielectric film B, and an output mirror coated with dielectric film C.
  • the input mirror is coated with high transmittance for 900-1100nm and high reflection for 1100-1500nm. dielectric film A;
  • the folding mirror is coated with dielectric film B that is highly transparent to 900-1100nm and totally reflective to 1100-1500nm;
  • the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 900-1100nm and partially reflective to 1100-1200nm.
  • the tuning element is a birefringent filter placed at Brewster's angle. By rotating the tuning element, the wavelength can be tuned from 1100-1200nm. laser output;
  • the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with a wavelength from 1200-1300nm; If the output mirror is replaced with a dielectric film C coated with high transmittance for 900-1200nm and partial reflection for 1200-1300nm, rotating the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with a wavelength from 1200-1300nm; if the output mirror is replaced with a dielectric film C coated with For the dielectric film C that is highly transparent at 900-1300nm and partially reflective at 1300-1400nm, rotating the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with a wavelength from 1300-1400nm;
  • the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with a wavelength from 1400-1500nm.
  • the wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source is 532nm.
  • the pump source can choose an all-solid-state laser.
  • the focusing system consists of a convex lens with a focal length of 50mm.
  • the laser gain medium is a titanium sapphire crystal with a doping concentration of 0.5at%.
  • the crystal surface is polished. And the Brewster angle is placed in the resonant cavity;
  • the laser resonant cavity is composed of an input mirror coated with dielectric film A, a folding mirror coated with dielectric film B, and an output mirror coated with dielectric film C.
  • the input mirror is coated with a high transmittance of 500-1100nm and a high reflection of 1100-1500nm. dielectric film A;
  • the folding mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transparent to 500-1100nm and totally reflective to 1100-1500nm;
  • the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 500-1100nm and partially reflective to 1100-1200nm.
  • the tuning element is a birefringent filter placed at Brewster's angle; rotating the tuning element can achieve wavelength tuning from 1100-1200nm. laser output;
  • the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with a wavelength from 1200-1300nm; Dielectric film C with high transmittance of 500-1300nm and partial reflection of 1300-1400nm. Rotating the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with wavelengths from 1300-1400nm;
  • the tuning element can achieve tuned laser output with wavelengths from 1400-1500nm.
  • the wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source is 795nm.
  • the pump source is a semiconductor laser.
  • the focusing system consists of a pair of convex lenses with a focal length ratio of 1:1.
  • the laser gain medium is a yttrium aluminum garnet crystal with a thulium doping concentration of 10at%.
  • the crystal surface is polished and coated with 795nm and 1800-2100nm high transmittance dielectric films;
  • the laser resonant cavity is composed of an input mirror coated with dielectric film A, a folding mirror coated with dielectric film B, and an output mirror coated with dielectric film C.
  • the input mirror is coated with high transmittance for 795nm and 1800-2100nm and high transmittance for 2100-2500nm.
  • the folding mirror is coated with dielectric film B that is highly transparent to 795nm and 1800-2100nm and fully reflective to 2100-2500nm;
  • the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 795nm and 1800-2100nm and partially reflective to 2100-2500nm.
  • the tuning element is a prism placed at Brewster's angle. By rotating the tuning element, the wavelength of the laser can be tuned from 2100-2500nm. output.
  • the pump light emitted by the pump source has a wavelength of 1.6 ⁇ m, the pump source is a fiber laser, and the fiber diameter is 200 ⁇ m.
  • the focusing system is composed of a pair of convex lenses with a focal length ratio of 1:1, and the laser gain medium is doped with a concentration of 1018/cm3 Cr:ZnS crystal, the surface of the crystal is polished and plated with high-permeability dielectric film for 1600 and 2400-2800nm;
  • the laser resonator consists of an input mirror coated with dielectric film A, a folding mirror coated with dielectric film B, and an output mirror coated with dielectric film C;
  • the folding mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transmittable for 1600nm and 2400-2800nm and highly reflective for 2800-3000nm;
  • the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 1600nm and 2400-2800nm and partially reflective to 2800-3000nm.
  • the tuning element is a prism placed at Brewster's angle. By rotating the tuning element, the wavelength of the laser can be tuned from 2800-3000nm. output.
  • the wavelength of the pump light emitted by the pump source is 1.0795 ⁇ m.
  • the pump source is an Nd:YAP laser.
  • the focusing system consists of a convex lens with a focal length of 50mm.
  • the laser gain medium is a NaCl(OH-):F2+ color center laser crystal.
  • the crystal is placed in a transparent crystal chamber cooled by liquid nitrogen at Brewster's angle. The crystal chamber is kept in a vacuum. The surface of the crystal is polished and coated with a dielectric film with high transmittance of 1080 and 1400-1800nm;
  • the laser resonant cavity is composed of an input mirror coated with dielectric film A, a folding mirror coated with dielectric film B, and an output mirror coated with dielectric film C.
  • the input mirror is coated with high transmittance for 1080nm and 1400-1800nm and high transmittance for 1800-2000nm.
  • the folding mirror is coated with a dielectric film B that is highly transmittable for 1080nm and 1400-1800nm and highly reflective for 1800-2000nm;
  • the output mirror is coated with a dielectric film C that is highly transparent to 1080nm and 1400-1800nm and partially reflective to 1800-2000nm.
  • the tuning element is a prism placed at Brewster's angle. By rotating the tuning element, the wavelength of the laser can be tuned from 1800-2000nm. output.
  • the placement of a certain component at the Brewster angle refers to the incident interface of light incident on the component at the Brewster angle
  • dielectric film, dielectric film A, dielectric film B, and dielectric film C are only used to distinguish dielectric films coated on different optical components.
  • FIG. 1 another aspect of the present invention discloses a laser for achieving a method for breaking through the limitation of laser wavelength by fluorescence spectrum.
  • the laser includes: a pump source 1 arranged in sequence along the optical path direction, a focusing system 2, a coating With the incident mirror 4 of dielectric film A, the laser gain medium 3, the folding mirror 5 coated with dielectric film B, the tuning element 7 and the output mirror 6 coated with dielectric film C, the pump source 1 is used to emit pumps in different wavelength bands.
  • the incident mirror 4 coated with dielectric film A, the folding mirror 5 coated with dielectric film B, and the output mirror 6 coated with dielectric film C form a laser resonant cavity; the laser resonant cavity is used to regulate and suppress the transition of electrons from high energy levels to low energy levels.
  • the incident interface of the tuning element 7 is incident at a special angle.
  • Tuning element 7 includes a birefringent filter or prism.
  • the surface of the laser gain medium 3 is coated with a dielectric film that is highly transparent to a specific wavelength band to improve the laser transmission efficiency.
  • the gain medium is a laser gain medium with an electron-phonon coupling effect, which may be, but is not limited to, a laser crystal or laser ceramic doped with transition metals, rare earth luminescent ions, color centers, etc. that can provide lattice oscillation. Crystalline or polycrystalline materials.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract

一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器，属于激光领域。方法包括：以泵浦光将激光增益介质(3)中的电子激发到高能级，通过激光谐振腔设计调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，激光谐振腔包括沿光路方向依次设置的入射镜(4)、折叠镜(5)、调谐元件(7)和出射镜(6)，激光增益介质(3)位于激光谐振腔内的入射镜(4)和折叠镜(5)之间，调谐元件(7)以布儒斯特角设置于激光谐振腔中。通过方法和实现方法的激光器，能够突破荧光光谱限制，获取具有新的波长的激光。

Description

一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器 技术领域
本发明涉及激光技术领域，更具体的说是涉及一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器。
背景技术
激光作为一种重要的人造光源，在关系国民经济和国家安全的重要领域扮演着重要的角色，不同的应用需要不同波长的激光，而可获得的激光波长决定于电子跃迁时的能级差。按照波尔的氢原子模型，电子的能级是量子化、分立的，受到均匀和非均匀加宽的影响，其光谱可以得到一定展宽，所产生的激光可以以调谐激光技术实现其波长在一定范围连续可调。为拓展激光波长，非线性光学和频率变换技术得以发展，并在激光发射波长的基础上，拓展到紫外和红外众多波段，满足了很多实际应用需求，但其拓展的基础依然是激光的波长，并且，非线性光学和频率变换技术是基于材料中电子对外界光场的高阶响应，其频率转换过程决定于材料的非线性极化率，而该极化率比线性极化率往往小几个数量级，这要求入射光场的功率密度较大；非线性频率变换的效率还决定于相位匹配、走离、温度等影响和限制，对波长拓展器件的设计和应用要求较高。因此，直接从激光发射的过程中拓展激光波长并实现电子跃迁过程的量子“裁剪”，具有非线性频率变换技术难以比拟的优势，同时，也可以为非线性光学和频率变换技术提供基础的光源，进一步拓展激光波长。
然而，如波尔的氢原子模型所述，电子的量子化轨道决定了荧光光谱的分立性，也限制了所获得的激光波长。因此，如何突破荧光光谱限制获得具有新波长的激光一直是本领域的关键技术难题。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器，用于解决背景技术中存在的技术问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一方面，本发明公开了一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，所述方法包括：激光增益介质在泵浦光的激发下将电子跃迁到高能级，通过激光 谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，所述激光谐振腔包括沿光路方向依次设置的入射镜、折叠镜、调谐元件和出射镜，所述激光增益介质位于所述激光谐振腔内的入射镜和折叠镜之间。
优选的，激光增益介质在泵浦光的激发下将电子跃迁到高能级，具体包括以下步骤：
泵浦源提供的泵浦光，经过聚焦系统聚焦后注入到激光增益介质，将电子跃迁激发到高能级上。
通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，具体包括：
所述泵浦光波长为976nm时，所述激光增益介质包括镱离子掺杂浓度1at％-30at％硼酸钙氧稀土盐晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光并镀以对1000nm-1500nm波段高透过的增益介质膜；
输入镜镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜或镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1200nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对900-1200nm波段高透过且对1200-1300nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对900-1400nm波段高透过且对1400-1500nm波段部分反射的介质膜C。
通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，还包括：
所述泵浦光波长为532nm时，所述激光增益介质包括掺杂浓度为0.1at％-5at％的钛宝石晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光且入射光以布鲁斯特角入射到激光增益介质的晶体表面；
输入镜镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜或镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1200nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对500-1200nm波段高透过且对1200-1300nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对500-1400nm波段高透过且对1400-1500nm波段部分反射的介质膜C。
通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，还包括：
所述泵浦光波长为795nm时，所述激光增益介质包括铥掺杂浓度0.1at％-20at％的钇铝石榴石晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光并镀对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过的介质膜；
输入镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过且对2100-2500nm波段高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过且对2100-2500nm全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀或以对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过且对2100-2500nm部分反射的介质膜C。
另一方面，本发明公开了一种用于实现突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制方法的激光器，所述激光器包括：沿光路方向依次排列的泵浦源、入射镜、激光增益介质、折叠镜、调谐元件和出射镜，所述泵浦源用于发射泵浦光，所述入射镜、折叠镜和出射镜组成激光谐振腔，所述激光谐振腔用于调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高 能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率；所述调谐元件以布儒斯特角设置于所述激光谐振腔中。
优选的，所述泵浦源与入射镜之间还设置有聚焦系统。
优选的，所述调谐元件包括双折射滤波片或棱镜。
优选的，所述激光增益介质的表面镀以对特定波段高透过的介质膜，用以提升激光的通过效率。
本发明术语解释：
高反射是指对特定波长或波段入射光的反射率大于99％；
高透过是指对特定波长或波段光的透过率大于99％；
部分反射是指对特定波长或波段光的反射率在80％-99.9％之间。
经由上述的技术方案可知，本发明公开提供了一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法和激光器，与现有技术相比，具有以下有益效果：
本发明利用激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，即通过对激光谐振腔的入射镜、折叠镜和出射镜的表面镀以对特定波段或高透过或高反射或部分透过的介质膜，配合激光增益介质和调谐元件，进而能够突破荧光光谱限制，获取具有新的波长的激光。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1附图为本发明提供的激光器结构示意图；
图中：1、泵浦源；2、聚焦系统；3、激光增益介质；4、镀以介质膜A的输入镜；5、镀以介质膜B的折叠镜；6、镀以介质膜C的输出镜；7、调谐元件。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例一方面公开了一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，所述方法包括：激光增益介质在泵浦光的激发下将电子跃迁到高能级，通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，所述激光谐振腔包括沿光路方向依次设置的入射镜、折叠镜、调谐元件和出射镜，所述激光增益介质位于所述激光谐振腔内的入射镜和折叠镜之间。
泵浦光可由泵浦源提供，泵浦源发射的泵浦光经过聚焦系统聚焦后注入到激光增益介质，将电子跃迁激发到高能级上。
本发明通过电子-声子耦合这一物理效应，利用激光的模式选择过程，实现电子在多声子参与下的受激辐射，从而突破激光波长受限于增益介质的荧光辐射包络的传统思维和设计思路，具体可以通过激光谐振腔镀膜进行调控。
下面通过不同的实施例对本发明的方法过程进行详细描述：
实施例1：
泵浦源发射的泵浦光波长为976nm，该泵浦源可选择半导体激光器，聚焦系统由一对焦距比例1：1的凸透镜构成，激光增益介质是镱离子掺杂浓度15at％硼酸钙氧稀土盐晶体，晶体表面抛光并镀对1000nm-1500nm高透过的介质膜；
激光谐振腔由镀介质膜A的输入镜、镀介质膜B的折叠镜子以及镀以介质膜C的输出镜组成，所述输入镜镀以对900-1100nm高透过且对1100-1500nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对900-1100nm高透过且对1100-1500nm全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀以对900-1100nm高透过且对1100-1200nm部分反射的介质膜C，调谐元件为布儒斯特角放置的双折射滤波片，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1100-1200nm的调谐激光输出；
若将输出镜子换为镀以对900-1200nm高透过且对1200-1300nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1200-1300nm的调谐激光输出；若将输出镜子换为镀以对900-1300nm高透过且对1300-1400nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1300-1400nm的调谐激光输出；
若将输出镜子换为镀以对900-1400nm高透过且对1400-1500nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1400-1500nm的调谐激光输出。
实施例2：
泵浦源发射的泵浦光波长为532nm，泵浦源可选择全固态激光器，聚焦系统由一个焦距50mm的凸透镜构成，激光增益介质是掺杂浓度为0.5at％的钛宝石晶体，晶体表面抛光且布鲁斯特角放置在谐振腔内；
激光谐振腔由镀介质膜A的输入镜、镀介质膜B的折叠镜子以及镀以介质膜C的输出镜组成，所述输入镜镀以对500-1100nm高透过且对1100-1500nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对500-1100nm高透过且对1100-1500nm全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀以对500-1100nm高透过且对1100-1200nm部分反射的介质膜C，调谐元件为布儒斯特角放置的双折射滤波片；转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1100-1200nm的调谐激光输出；
若将输出镜子换为镀以对500-1200nm高透过且对1200-1300nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1200-1300nm的调谐激光输出；将输出镜子换为镀以对500-1300nm高透过且对1300-1400nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1300-1400nm的调谐激光输出；
若将输出镜子换为镀以对500-1400nm高透过且对1400-1500nm部分反射的介质膜C，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1400-1500nm的调谐激光输出。
实施例3：
泵浦源发射的泵浦光波长为795nm，泵浦源为半导体激光器，聚焦系统由一对焦距比例1：1的凸透镜构成，激光增益介质是铥掺杂浓度10at％的钇铝石榴石晶体，晶体表面抛光并镀对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过的介质膜；
激光谐振腔由镀介质膜A的输入镜、镀介质膜B的折叠镜子以及镀以介质膜C的输出镜组成，所述输入镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过且对2100-2500nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过且对2100-2500nm全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过且对2100-2500nm部分反射的介质膜C，调谐元件为布儒斯特角放置的棱镜，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从2100-2500nm的调谐激光输出。
实施例4：
泵浦源发射的泵浦光波长为1.6μm，泵浦源为光纤激光器，光纤口径200μm，所述聚焦系统由一对焦距比例1：1的凸透镜构成，所述激光增益介质是掺杂浓度在1018/cm3的Cr:ZnS晶体，晶体表面抛光并镀对1600和2400-2800nm高透过的介质膜；
激光谐振腔由镀介质膜A的输入镜、镀介质膜B的折叠镜子以及镀以介质膜C的输出镜组成；
输入镜镀以对1600nm和2400-2800nm高透过且对2800-3000nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对1600nm和2400-2800nm高透过且对2800-3000nm高反射全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀以对1600nm和2400-2800nm高透过且对2800-3000nm部分反射的介质膜C，调谐元件为布儒斯特角放置的棱镜，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从2800-3000nm的调谐激光输出。
实施例5：
泵浦源发射的泵浦光波长为1.0795μm，泵浦源为Nd:YAP激光器，聚焦系统由一个焦距50mm的凸透镜构成，所述激光增益介质是NaCl(OH-):F2+色心激光晶体，晶体以布儒斯特角放于液氮冷去的通光晶体室中，晶体室保持真空，晶体表面抛光并镀对1080和1400-1800nm高透过的介质膜；
激光谐振腔由镀介质膜A的输入镜、镀介质膜B的折叠镜子以及镀以介质膜C的输出镜组成，所述输入镜镀以对1080nm和1400-1800nm高透过且对1800-2000nm高反射的介质膜A；
折叠镜镀以对1080nm和1400-1800nm高透过且对1800-2000nm高反射全反射的介质膜B；
输出镜镀以对1080nm和1400-1800nm高透过且对1800-2000nm部分反射的介质膜C，调谐元件为布儒斯特角放置的棱镜，转动调谐元件可以实现波长从1800-2000nm的调谐激光输出。
本发明实施例中，某元件布儒斯特角放置指的是光线以布儒斯特角入射到该元件的入射界面；
本发明实施例中，介质膜、介质膜A、介质膜B、介质膜C仅用于区分镀在不同光学部件上的介质膜。
如图1所示，本发明另一方面公开了一种用于实现突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制方法的激光器，所述激光器包括：沿光路方向依次排列的泵浦源1、聚焦系统2、镀以介质膜A的入射镜4、激光增益介质3、镀以介质膜B的折叠镜5、调谐元件7和镀以介质膜C的输出镜6，泵浦源1用于发射不同波段的泵浦光，镀介质膜A的入射镜4、镀以介质膜B的折叠镜5和镀以介质膜C的输出镜6组成激光谐振腔；激光谐振腔用于调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率；镀以介质膜B的折叠镜5反射出的激光以布儒斯特角射入到调谐元件7的入射界面。
调谐元件7包括双折射滤波片或棱镜。
在另外的实施例中，激光增益介质3的表面镀以对特定波段高透过的介质膜，用以提升激光的通过效率。
实施例中，增益介质是具有电子-声子耦合效应的激光增益介质，可以是但不限于过渡金属、稀土发光离子、色心等掺杂的激光晶体或激光陶瓷等可提供晶格振荡的单晶或多晶材料。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言，由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：激光增益介质在泵浦光的激发下将电子跃迁到高能级，通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，所述激光谐振腔包括沿光路方向依次设置的入射镜、折叠镜、调谐元件和出射镜，所述激光增益介质位于所述激光谐振腔内的入射镜和折叠镜之间，所述调谐元件以布儒斯特角设置于所述激光谐振腔中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，其特征在于，激光增益介质在泵浦光的激发下将电子跃迁到高能级，具体包括以下步骤：
    泵浦源提供的泵浦光，经过聚焦系统聚焦后注入到激光增益介质，将电子跃迁激发到高能级上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，其特征在于，通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，具体包括：
    所述泵浦光波长为976nm时，所述激光增益介质包括镱离子掺杂浓度1at％-30at％硼酸钙氧稀土盐晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光并镀以对1000nm-1500nm波段高透过的介质膜；
    输入镜镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm高反射的介质膜A；
    折叠镜镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段全反射的介质膜B；
    输出镜或镀以对900-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1200nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对900-1200nm波段高透过且对1200-1300nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对900-1400nm波段高透过且对1400-1500nm波段部分反射的介质膜C。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，其特征在于，通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，还包括：
    所述泵浦光波长为532nm时，所述激光增益介质包括掺杂浓度为0.1at％-5at％的钛宝石晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光且入射光以布鲁斯特角入射到激光增益介质的晶体表面；
    输入镜镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段高反射的介质膜A；
    折叠镜镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1500nm波段全反射的介质膜B；
    输出镜或镀以对500-1100nm波段高透过且对1100-1200nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对500-1200nm波段高透过且对1200-1300nm波段部分反射的介质膜C，或镀以对500-1400nm波段高透过且对1400-1500nm波段部分反射的介质膜C。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的方法，其特征在于，通过激光谐振腔镀膜调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率，从而实现突破荧光光谱的发光和增强，并实现辐射光震荡，还包括：
    所述泵浦光波长为795nm时，所述激光增益介质包括铥掺杂浓度0.1at％-20at％的钇铝石榴石晶体，激光增益介质的晶体表面抛光并镀对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过的介质膜；
    输入镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过且对2100-2500nm波段高反射的介质膜A；
    折叠镜镀以对795nm和1800-2100nm波段高透过且对2100-2500nm全反射的介质膜B；
    输出镜镀或以对795nm和1800-2100nm高透过且对2100-2500nm部分反射的介质膜C。
  6. 一种实现权利要求1-5任一所述突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制方法的激光器，其特征在于，所述激光器包括：沿光路方向依次排列的泵浦源、入射镜、激光增益介质、折叠镜、调谐元件和出射镜，所述泵浦源用于发射泵浦光，所述入射镜、折叠镜和出射镜组成激光谐振腔，所述激光谐振腔用于调控抑制电子从高能级到低能级跃迁时辐射光的振荡，同时以激光谐振增强电子从高能级到多声子耦合时电子-声子耦合能级上的跃迁几率；所述调谐元件以布儒斯特角设置于所述激光谐振腔中。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的激光器，其特征在于，所述泵浦源与入射镜之间还设置有聚焦系统。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的激光器，其特征在于，所述调谐元件包括双折射滤波片或棱镜。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的突破荧光光谱对激光波长限制的激光器，其特征在于，所述激光增益介质的表面镀以对特定波段高透过的介质膜。
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