WO2024029983A1

WO2024029983A1 - Battery charging management system and charging control method using same

Info

Publication number: WO2024029983A1
Application number: PCT/KR2023/011469
Authority: WO
Inventors: 이동영
Original assignee: 스탠다드에너지(주)
Priority date: 2022-08-04
Filing date: 2023-08-04
Publication date: 2024-02-08
Also published as: KR20240019747A

Abstract

The present document relates to a battery charging management system and a charging control method using same. The battery charging management system including an energy storage system (ESS) comprises: a first watt-hour meter for measuring the amount of power provided from a power grid; at least one second watt-hour meter for measuring the amount of power distributed to a charger, the ESS, and a load other than the ESS through at least one distribution board, the power being provided from the power grid; and a controller for controlling the distribution of power of the power grid on the basis of power information of the first watt-hour meter and the at least one second watt-hour meter, wherein the ESS uses a battery that supports charge and discharge speeds of a predetermined level or higher.

Description

Battery charging management system and charging control method using the same

The following description is about a battery charging management system and a charging control method using the same. Specifically, a battery charging management system including an ESS (Energy Storage System) utilizes a plurality of power meters and uses this to control the charging of an electric mobile device. This is about how to efficiently control charging.

Recently, as the use of electric vehicles has expanded, electric vehicle (EV) chargers are being placed in various spaces. However, the use of electric vehicle chargers increases electricity usage on the grid and can affect other electricity usage in the space. In particular, when electricity usage increases rapidly, there is a problem that the use of electric vehicle chargers is limited.

In addition, in addition to current electric vehicles, various electrically driven mobile devices such as UAV (Uncrewed Aerial Vehicle) and personal mobility are being proposed as mobile devices that require battery charging.

Accordingly, there is a need for a method to stably charge the various electric mobile devices described above in a space where a charger is placed and to provide a system to support this.

In order to solve the above-described problem, in one aspect of the present invention, an ESS that stabilizes the power supply of the grid by assisting the power use of the charger, and a plurality of power meters considering the characteristics of the ESS are included to stably perform charging. We would like to propose a battery charging management system to do this.

In addition, in another aspect of the present invention, it is intended to propose a method of efficiently controlling charging of an electric mobile device from a user perspective/system perspective using the above-described battery power management system.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. You will be able to.

In one aspect of the present invention for solving the problems described above, a battery charging management system including an ESS includes: a first watt-hour meter that measures the amount of power provided from a power grid; one or more second power meters configured to measure the amount of power provided from the power grid distributed to a charger, the ESS, and loads other than the ESS through one or more distribution boards; and a controller configured to control power distribution of the power grid based on power amount information of each of the first power meter and the one or more second power meters, wherein the ESS uses a battery that supports a charge/discharge rate higher than a predetermined standard. , propose a battery charging management system.

In another aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, there is a method for controlling charging of an electric mobile device including a battery, comprising: obtaining first power amount information provided to the battery from a charger; Obtain second power amount information provided to loads other than the battery from the charger; A charging control method for an electric drive mobile device is proposed, which includes displaying warning information on the charger or a user device of the electric drive mobile device when the second power amount information is greater than a predetermined standard.

According to the embodiments of the present invention as described above, an ESS that stabilizes the power supply of the grid by assisting the power use of the charger is utilized, and a type of ESS capable of high-speed charging and discharging is utilized to utilize data from a plurality of power meters. As a result, various control functions can be performed quickly.

Additionally, when charging an electric mobile device, power consumption from loads other than the battery can be used to control the user to avoid abnormal situations/charges.

The effects that can be obtained from the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description below. will be.

Figure 1 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of a battery charging management system including an ESS to which an embodiment of the present invention will be applied.

Figure 2 is a diagram for explaining the concept of utilizing a battery type and a plurality of power meters applied to an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a diagram for explaining the structure of VIB ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a diagram showing the structure of a battery charging management system including ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the configuration and control method of a charging management system utilizing a plurality of power meters according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 is a diagram for explaining the concept of determining power error in PCS/power bank according to an embodiment of the present invention.

7 and 8 are diagrams to explain the concept of performing grid separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a diagram showing the arrangement of an energy storage device in a space and the configuration of power supply with other electric devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of an ESS according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of an ESS according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of an electric vehicle charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a diagram for explaining a method of controlling charging of an electric vehicle including a battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a block diagram of a charger and a power measurement device disposed inside an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the attached drawings, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts that are not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are given similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to “include” a certain element, this means that it may further include other elements rather than excluding other elements, unless specifically stated to the contrary.

Generally, ESS refers to a device that stores energy in various energy storage means and then supplies the stored power back to the grid when necessary. Among these ESSs, the ESS that uses batteries as a means of energy storage is specifically referred to as BESS (Battery Energy Storage System), but in the following description, unless otherwise specified, it is assumed that the ESS is a BESS.

Generally, ESS consists of a battery, a battery management system (BMS), a power conversion system (PCS), and an energy management system (EMS). A battery has one or more cells, a plurality of cells can form one module, and a plurality of modules can form a rack. The ESS configured in this way can be connected to the power grid, electric grid, etc. to receive power.

ESS can be used to charge a variety of electric mobility devices, including electric vehicles. In the following description, for convenience of explanation, the 'electrically driven mobility device' is explained as an electric vehicle, but there is no need to be limited thereto.

As mentioned above, the use of an electric vehicle charger increases the electricity usage of the grid, which can affect other electricity usage in the space. If ESS is used to assist the electric vehicle charger's power usage, it will support power usage more stably. You can.

In the following description, the battery may include a battery applied to an ESS and a battery applied inside an electric vehicle, and the state of the battery can be typically expressed based on the state-of-charge (SoC), The charge/discharge speed of a battery can be explained based on the charge/discharge rate (C-Rate).

First, the charging rate and/or the discharging rate of the battery can be controlled by the charging/discharging rate (C-Rate). Charge/discharge rate (C-Rate) refers to the measurement of current used to charge and/or discharge a battery. For example, discharging a specific battery at 1C-Rate or 1C means that a battery with a capacity of 10Ah (i.e., the amount of electricity when 10A (ampere) current flows for 1 hour) is fully charged and discharges at 10A for 1 hour. It means that (ampere) can be discharged.

By measuring a battery charged at a specific C-Rate, you can check its state of charge (SoC). When charging an electric vehicle using an ESS, various controls for charging can be performed by checking the SoC of the battery inside the ESS and the SoC of the battery inside the electric vehicle.

Based on this description, embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The battery charging management system 100 to which this embodiment will be applied may include a power grid 110, an ESS 140, a charger 150 for charging an electric vehicle 160, and a load 170 other than the ESS. In the example of FIG. 1, among various ESSs, the VIB ESS (140) utilizing a vanadium ion battery (VIB) can be used as will be described later, but it is not limited thereto, and the ESS (140) according to embodiments of the present invention ) The standards for batteries that can be used will be described in detail below.

Meanwhile, looking at FIG. 1 from the perspective of power supply, there is a main distribution board 120 that receives power, that is, alternating current (AC), from the power grid 110, and the corresponding power is supplied through a power conversion system (PCS) and a power bank ( It may be provided by being distributed to a power bank) or a corresponding power conversion equipment 130. Meanwhile, the main distribution board 120 can be connected to loads 170 other than the ESS to supply power.

The PCS (130) is operatively connected to the ESS (140) and can perform the function of converting AC power to DC by providing necessary control. Additionally, the PCS 130 is connected to the charger 150, and the charger 150 may be connected to the electric vehicle 160 or other objects that require charging.

The electric vehicle 160 may selectively receive at least one of power provided by the power grid 110 and power provided by the ESS 140 under the control of the PCS 130.

Here, at least one of the main distribution board 120, PCS 130, ESS 140, charger 150, electric vehicle 160, and loads other than ESS 170 is located in a designated location, for example, inside or next to a specific building. can be installed in

This battery charging management system 100 supplies grid power to a specific building and is preferably installed and controlled so that it can additionally charge electric vehicles. To this end, it is desirable to efficiently control the amount of power in the portions indicated by A, B, and C in FIG. 1, and to this end, one aspect of the present invention proposes to efficiently control battery charging by utilizing a plurality of power meters. .

Meanwhile, in order to efficiently control each load using these multiple power meters, it is necessary to first look at the battery type used in the ESS.

As mentioned above, there are various types of batteries applicable to ESS, for example, lead-acid battery, lead carbon battery, NAS (Sodium Sulfur) battery, and lithium ion battery (LIB). ), flow batteries, etc. can be used. Figure 2 (A) exemplarily shows a system to which the LIB ESS (210), which is currently receiving the most public attention among these various ESS batteries, is applied.

LIB has high energy density and power density, is about 3 times lighter than existing lead acid batteries, and is attracting attention as it can reduce space occupancy by 50-80% with high power density. In addition, it is possible to discharge 1-2% of the charge per month and maintain a long service life, and can be considered to have 5,000 battery cycles depending on the advantages and conditions of about 10 years of use.

However, in the case of LIB, when operating as an ESS, charging and discharging are performed under the basic condition of 0.2~0.5C. When operating at a high C-rate, continuous operation is difficult due to heat generation, and it has the disadvantage of having a high risk of fire.

Additionally, in the case of alkaline and lead batteries, they are generally operated at 0.05C (= 20 hours of discharge) to avoid battery capacity degradation (performance reduction) due to heat generation.

On the other hand, the vanadium ion battery (VIB) developed by the present applicant refers to a secondary battery that stores/releases energy electrochemically using vanadium ions as an active material. In existing vanadium-based batteries, active materials that participate in electrochemical reactions (e.g., vanadium ions, H+ cations, water, sulfuric acid, etc.) are forcibly circulated/transferred/stored by a pump operated by external power, thereby storing/storing electrical energy. On the other hand, in VIB, the active material within the cell and/or module changes and moves ions using internal electric fields, osmotic pressure, concentration difference, etc., and the active material releases energy through an electrochemical reaction within the cell and/or module. It performs a storage/release role.

In particular, vanadium ion batteries (VIB) can be charged and discharged at 0.5 to 5C (MAX 10C). In addition, because it is driven using an aqueous electrolyte, it is free from fire risk and has the advantage of being able to utilize a wide range of SoCs.

Accordingly, Figure 2(B) shows a configuration to which the VIB ESS 140 using such a VIB is applied according to an embodiment of the present invention.

For example, in the case of LIB, heat generation and battery life are affected at high output, but in the case of VIB, stable high output is possible. In addition, LIB has limitations such as 1C charging and 1C discharging, but VIB is capable of controlling input and output flow with high output. For example, when a power outage occurs in the grid 110, the VIB ESS 140 controls both the grid 110 and the charger. Since assistance is possible with high output, the use of the VIB ESS (140) has the advantage of being able to perform very efficient ESS charging and discharging management.

In particular, in the case of VIB, there is no risk of fire due to overload, so when this VIB is applied to the ESS of this embodiment, the system of the present invention is a very effective power supply system in that it can be preferably applied while ensuring safety in various auxiliary facilities. You can do it. In addition, since safe and efficient energy supply is possible through the use of VIB ESS (140), it can be used as a very effective, safe, and eco-friendly energy supply means for energy conservation, energy environment, and carbon neutrality.

Additionally, when using the VIB ESS (140) as shown in (B) of FIG. 2, the high-speed charging and discharging performance of the VIB is utilized as described above to measure the energy measured through a plurality of power meters (211, 212, and 220). Electric power can be used more efficiently. For example, when the measured value of the power meter 212, which measures the amount of power flowing into the charger, decreases sharply, this can be supported by high-speed discharge, and the measured value of the power leveler 220, which measures the amount of power flowing into the charger, can be measured at the load end other than the ESS. If it is below this predetermined standard, the VIB ESS (140) can be charged at high speed.

Meanwhile, in the case of LIB, there is an upper and lower limit voltage, so a relatively narrow voltage range (window) is used. Specifically, when LIB reaches 0 V or a severe discharge state (lower than the above lower limit voltage), dendrite material is generated, which may cause a short circuit due to damage to the separator, resulting in thermal runaway. there is.

On the other hand, in the case of VIB, there is an upper limit voltage but no lower limit voltage, so it has the advantage of being able to use a relatively wide voltage range (window). In other words, no special problems occur even if it is in a 0 V or full power state, and it can operate more flexibly according to the measurement situation of a plurality of power meters, which will be described later.

In addition, in the case of LIB, when charging and discharging cycles are repeated, there is an irreversible reaction due to phase change (surface precipitation phenomenon, solid electrolyte interphase, cracking phenomenon), so there is a problem of capacity difference occurring during certain cycle operation, but VIB's In this case, it has the advantage of using a reversible reaction so that there is no difference between the initial capacity and the capacity after a certain cycle of operation.

The main characteristics of these LIBs and VIBs can be summarized as in [Table 1] below.

	LIBLIB	VIBVIB
화재 위험성fire hazard	높음height	없음doesn't exist
충방전율Charge/discharge rate	0.2-0.5 C0.2-0.5C	0.5 - 5 C(Max 10 C)0.5 - 5 C (Max 10 C)
전압범위Voltage range	상한전압, 하한전압 존재Existence of upper and lower limit voltage	상한전압 존재, 하한전압은 XThere is an upper limit voltage, the lower limit voltage is
사이클 반복 시 특징Features when repeating cycle	상 변화로 비가역 반응Irreversible reaction due to phase change	가역적 반응reversible reaction

As shown in Figure 3, VIB ESS also includes a battery, BMS, PCS, and EMS.

Specifically, the battery consists of a module in which 10-20 cells are grouped starting from the smallest cell unit, multiple modules constitute a pack, and multiple packs may constitute a system level, and in response to this structure, the BMS It may also have a hierarchical structure of cell BMS (not shown), module BMS (31; level 1), pack BMS (32; level 2), and system BMS (33; level 3).

Here, each level refers to an operation level including the above-described BMS as well as other control configurations. For example, level 2 defines control with the level 1 control stage of the pack BMS 32 and control operations for the switch gear 34, and level 3 specifies the system BMS 33 and PMS 35 described above. ) can be defined. Additionally, the final level 4 may define control operations between a plurality of PMSs 35 and EMSs 36.

Here, the switch gear 34 can control the battery and power lines (contactor, precharge, fuse), and the linear IC 37 can turn on the switch 38 by receiving a command from the pack BMS 32. there is. At this time, turning on the switch = may mean performing balancing by resistance, and here the resistance may be a pattern resistor formed in a pattern of copper wires on the board.

In the embodiment described in FIGS. 2 and 3, the type of battery applied to the ESS is exemplarily described as VIB (FIGS. 2(B) and 3), in contrast to LIB (FIG. 2(A)). The type of battery applied to ESS does not need to be limited to VIB. For example, in this specification, the ESS may utilize a vanadium redox battery (VRB), a polysulfide bromide battery (PSB), or a zinc-bromine battery (ZBB).

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ESS proposes to use a battery that supports a charge/discharge rate higher than a predetermined standard.

As an example, a predetermined standard may be 0.5 C-Rate, which can solve the problem of difficulty in responding to high-speed charging and discharging in LIB-based ESS.

As another example, the predetermined standard can be variably selected and applied depending on the installation situation of the ESS within the range of 0.5 C-Rate to 5 C-Rate. For example, certain standards may be applied variably depending on the safety of the location where the ESS is deployed. In addition, it is desirable to determine the upper limit of the predetermined standard within the range of 5 C-Rate, considering the time in which the ESS is involved among the total time required to charge an electric mobile device such as an electric vehicle.

As another example, a predetermined standard may be used based on 0.2 C-Rate, which can be used by applying LIB-based batteries to ESS and providing additional means to dynamically respond to measurements of multiple watt-hour meters. there is.

Figure 4 shows the arrangement of the VIB ESS (100a), which is an embodiment of the ESS. The process of supplying electricity is in the order of the grid power source 10, the substation room 5, the first power meter 205, and the power distribution device 20a, which uses the main distribution board as an example, and in the power distribution device 20a Electricity can be supplied to the VIB ESS (100a), the charger (50), and loads other than the ESS.

According to this embodiment, the first power meter 205 measures the amount of power provided from the power grid, and the power provided from the power grid is supplied to the charger 50, the ESS 100a, and loads other than the ESS through one or more distribution boards ( It is characterized in that it includes one or more second power meters (211, 212, 220) each configured to measure the amount of power distributed to 40a).

The example of FIG. 4 shows an example of arranging power meters (

power meters

211, 212, and 220) for each line in each

area

30a and 40a. Additionally, FIG. 4 shows how the supportive power area 30a and the primary power area 40a are divided and controlled. The amount of power branched from the power distribution device 20a can be measured by each

power meter

211, 212, and 220. And the controller disposed within the VIB ESS (100a) can receive the power consumption information measured by each power meter. At this time, the VIB ESS (100a) may include a Power Management System (PMS), and in this case, the PMS may provide the function of a controller.

Hereinafter, a method of controlling using the measured electric power of the first watt hour meter and one or more second watt hour meters will be described in detail in FIG. 5 and below.

Basically, all or most of the components shown in the drawings of FIG. 5 and below conceptually represent a specific area, that is, the entire system in which the ESS is installed. Here, the system in which the ESS is installed may be a single building, or it may mean a specific area or area in the form of a commercial facility with multiple buildings, a factory complex, etc., where power must be supplied together from the power grid and the ESS.

The multiple power meter-based operation system 300 according to this embodiment is illustratively described as an example of application to an ESS and electric vehicle charger integrated system, but can also be applied to other types of ESS configurations and commercial applications.

In addition, although watt-hour meters are shown as examples in the drawings, monitoring or monitoring means, devices, sensors, measuring instruments, instruments, watt-hour meters, etc. can be used to confirm and compare various electric wattages, and the corresponding watt-hour information can be used. For transmission and reception, wired communication such as Ethernet or wireless communication equipment and technology such as Wi-Fi can be used.

The power provided from the power grid (e.g., AC grid) 310 passes through the substation room 320, undergoes the necessary transformation, and can be transmitted to the main distribution board 330. The main distribution board 330 may be connected to at least one sub-distribution board, and an ESS distribution board 340 is shown as an example in FIG. 5 .

The ESS distribution board 340 can largely transmit power for ESS/chargers and power for loads other than the ESS through distribution. Loads 380 other than ESS are diverse and may include electricity/power required for the building's lighting, communication network including servers, cooling and heating systems, and various mechanical facilities such as elevators.

Power for the ESS/charger may be provided to the PMS 370, which performs power management, and the PCS 350 and/or power bank 360, which perform power conversion and processing. The PMS 370, PCS 350, and power bank 360 are preferably connected to each other in terms of power and communication.

VIB ESS (379) is controlled by PMS (370) and can receive power from PCS (350) through DC distribution board (359). The power bank 360 can charge the electric vehicle 390 by transmitting power to the charger 369. The charger 369 can be controlled by the PMS 370 and can be operatively connected to the VIB ESS 379.

Meanwhile, in Figure 5, the PMS (370), PCS (350), VIB ESS (379), charger (369), etc. are indicated with dotted lines to indicate that they can be connected to each other. Additionally, the VIB ESS (379) may provide power by discharging batteries charged by the charger (369), loads other than the ESS (380), etc. with some power by assisting the power grid depending on the situation, and this can be provided by the VIB ESS (379). ), the power lines between the DC distribution board (359), PCS (350), and ESS distribution board (340) are shown in both directions.

Based on this configuration, the following will describe an example in which the controller specifically utilizes the power measurement values of the first watt hour meter 333 and one or more second

watt hour meters

353, 363, and 373.

제 1 전력량계(333)1st wattmeter (333)

In this embodiment, it is proposed to utilize the power measurement value of the first power meter 333, which measures the amount of power provided from the power grid 310, as described above. Through the power measurement value of the first watt-hour meter 333, it is possible to measure the amount of power consumed in the entire system compared to the amount of power available in the entire grid, and the controller of this system can use this to predict the amount of spare power and insufficient power, and provide power cut information. You can obtain and use it.

제 1 전력량계(333) 및 제 3 전력량계(373)First watt hour meter (333) and third watt hour meter (373)

As shown in FIG. 5, the

second power meters

353, 363, and 373 assume a concept including a plurality of power meters for measuring the amount of power branched for each load, and in this section, these are used to avoid confusion in terminology. Among the

second power meters

353, 363, and 373, the power meter that measures the amount of power distributed to the load 380 other than the ESS will be referred to as the third power meter 373.

By additionally utilizing the power measurement value of the third watt hour meter 373 in addition to the power measurement value of the above-described first watt hour meter 333, the controller according to this embodiment measures the power consumption of loads 380 other than the ESS in addition to the entire available power amount of the grid. can be measured.

By controlling the power consumption of loads other than the ESS, the controller according to this embodiment can recognize abnormal power consumption situations of loads other than the ESS, thereby preventing system errors or 'electricity thieves' who draw power without permission. It is possible to check.

제 1 전력량계(333) 및 제 4 전력량계(363)First watt hour meter (333) and fourth watt hour meter (363)

In this section, to avoid confusion in terminology, the power meter that measures the amount of power distributed to the charger 369 among the

second power meters

353, 363, and 373 will be referred to as the fourth power meter 363.

By additionally utilizing the power measurement value of the fourth watt hour meter 363 in addition to the power measurement value of the above-described first watt hour meter 333, the controller according to the present embodiment calculates the amount of power consumed by the electric vehicle charger 369 in addition to the entire available power amount of the grid. It can be measured.

In particular, the measurement of the amount of power consumed by the charger 369 can be used to monitor the amount of charging and power loss of charging objects such as electric vehicles, provide warnings to users, and perform charging interruption, as described later in Figure 12 and below. This will be described in detail later.

비정상 작동 인지Recognizing abnormal operation

In the case of the system utilizing the LIB ESS (210) described above in relation to (A) of FIG. 2, the explanation was centered on the fact that LIB is difficult to utilize for high-speed charging and discharging as described above and that there is a risk of ignition, but the conventional LIB ESS ( 210) Another reason why it was difficult to utilize multiple power meters in the utilization system was the problem caused by noise in the PCS (350). Specifically, there was a high probability that an error would occur in the power measurement before and after (high-speed) charging and discharging of the charger 369, and in particular, there was a high probability that an error would occur in the power measurement at the PCS 350 stage.

In contrast, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned problem was solved by using a battery that supports high-speed charging and discharging above a certain standard (e.g., 0.5 C), such as the VIB ESS 379, but in addition, the battery distributed to the charger 369 Actual power consumption and PCS are determined through the measured values of the fourth watt-hour meter 363, which measures the amount of power, and the measured values of the watt-hour meter (hereinafter referred to as the 5th watt-hour meter 353 to avoid confusion) for the amount of power distributed to the VIB ESS 379. It is proposed that the recognized power consumption of the PCS (350) can be compared, and if the difference is greater than a predetermined standard, a failure of the PCS (350) can be determined.

By utilizing this information, the controller according to this embodiment can manage whether the PCS 350 is operating normally and can manage the precision of the PCS 350.

Meanwhile, according to this embodiment, when it is impossible to measure the power of any specific power meter among the first power meter 333 and the one or more

second power meters

353, 363, and 373, power power measurement of the remaining power meters excluding the specific power meter is performed. Through this, it is possible to control power distribution of the power grid and/or estimate the amount of power measured by the specific power meter. For example, in a failure situation of the first watt-hour meter 333, the measured value of the first watt-hour meter 333 in which the failure occurred can be estimated by adding up the measured values of the three second watt-

hour meters

353, 363, and 373 shown in FIG. 5. Similarly, when the third watt hour meter (373) fails, the measured values of the remaining two fourth and fifth watt hour meters (353, 363) are subtracted from the measured value of the first watt hour meter (333) to determine the third watt hour meter (373). The measured value can be estimated.

FIG. 6 illustrates the concept of utilizing an additional watt hour meter to the second

watt hour meters

353, 363, and 373 shown in FIG. 5. Specifically, in FIG. 6, the second watt-hour meter is a sixth watt-hour meter that measures the amount of power output from the PCS 350 in addition to the 5th watt-hour meter 353, which measures the amount of power distributed to the ESS 379 and input to the PCS 350. It is proposed to additionally include (355).

Accordingly, the controller according to this embodiment can control errors when operating the PCS 350 through comparison of the measured power amount of the fifth power meter 353 and the measured power amount of the sixth power meter 355.

In addition, in FIG. 6, the second watt-hour meter measures the amount of power distributed to the charger 369 and input to the power bank 360, in addition to the fourth watt-hour meter 363, which measures the amount of power output from the power bank 360 and supplied to the charger 369. An example is shown that additionally includes a seventh power meter 365 that measures the amount of input power.

The controller according to this embodiment can control errors at the start of charging and discharging of the charger 369 by comparing the measured power amount of the fourth watt-hour meter 363 and the measured power amount of the seventh watt-hour meter 365.

In addition, the controller according to an embodiment of the present invention estimates the battery state of the ESS (379) when the battery management system (BMS) of the ESS (379) is abnormally operated, based on the measured power amount of the sixth power meter (355). can do. For example, if the SoC of the battery of the ESS (379) cannot be estimated due to a failure of the BMS, the power flowing into the ESS (379) through the measured power amount of the sixth watt-hour meter (355) / of the battery in the ESS (379) SoC can be estimated. Figure 6 shows an example of including an additional power meter 357 in the step of passing through the DC distribution board after power output from the PCS 350 for more specific estimation, but it is not limited to this.

8 and 8 are diagrams for explaining the concept of performing grid separation according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As described above with reference to FIG. 6, the controller additionally utilizes the measured power values of the sixth watt hour meter 355 and the seventh watt hour meter 365 to determine the error and/or PCS at the start of charging and discharging of the charger 369. When operating 350, it can be determined whether the error is greater than a predetermined standard.

If the controller determines that the error when charging and discharging of the charger 369 starts and/or the error when operating the PCS 350 is greater than a predetermined standard, the controller controls the load 380 other than the ESS as shown in FIG. It may be controlled to be separated from the power grid, and/or the power grid may be controlled to be separated from the distribution board 330 as shown in FIG. 8 .

Specifically, FIG. 9 shows the ESS 100 and other devices that supply power to the Supportive Power Region 30 and the Primary Power Region 40.

Here, the distinction between 'supportive power area' and 'primary power area' is that when additional chargers and ESS are installed at a specific site for purposes such as charging electric vehicles, existing users at the site may face problems with their own power use. Can be sensitive to problems that arise. Therefore, the power use area of these existing users is defined as the primary power use area, and the power use in the supportive power area is defined as a concept that minimizes the impact on the primary power use area. Corresponds to power source 10. The grid may supply power to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40. ESS (100) may be placed in the supportive power area (30).

The power source 10 supplies power to the space and, in one embodiment, includes an AC grid. The power supplied by the power source 10 is distributed to two or

more power areas

30 and 40 by a predetermined power distribution device 20.

In one embodiment, the power distribution device 20 may supply power to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40. The power distribution device 20 uses a switchboard as an example.

The primary power area 40 includes areas where power is supplied from the power source 10, excluding the supportive power area 30. The ESS 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention can supply power to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40, and can also be disposed in the supportive power area 30.

ESS 100 and one or more chargers 50a, ..., 50n may be placed in the supportive power area 30. A plurality of electric devices 60a, ..., 60n may be disposed in the primary power area 40. Additionally, a separate ESS that is different from the ESS 100 placed in the supportive power area 30 may be placed in the primary power area 40. That is, a separate ESS that is distinct from the ESS 100 may also be placed as an electric device within the primary power area 40 (for example, 60 m).

In the embodiment of FIG. 9 , the power distribution device 20 may distribute power to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40. A configuration without the power distribution device 20 may also be included in an embodiment of the present invention. In this case, the power supplied from the power source 10 is connected to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40 by one power line. ) can be provided. Additionally, the ESS 00 and chargers 50a, ..., 50n that receive some or all of the power from the ESS 100 may be disposed in the supportive power area 30.

The energy storage device (ESS, 100) according to an embodiment of the present invention is capable of supplying power to the supportive power area 30 and the primary power area 40 within the maximum range of power supplied by the power source 10. You can. The energy storage device 100 can charge or discharge according to the electricity demand or expected demand used in the two

areas

30 and 40.

For this purpose, a power meter 210 may be installed connected to the supportive power area 30. Alternatively, the power meter 210 may be disposed within the supportive power area 30.

Additionally, a power meter 220 may be placed connected to the primary power area 40. Alternatively, the power meter 220 may be placed within the primary power area 40.

The

power meters

210 and 220 are, in one embodiment, a power meter and measure the amount of power being used in the installed area. The power meters (210, 220) can transmit the measured value (amount of power) to the ESS (100).

Additionally, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a separate power meter may be placed in the power source 10. In this case, the energy storage device 100 can check the amount of power consumed by the power source 10 in real time.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device 100 is configured to measure the power consumed by the power meter 210 in the supportive power area 30 branched from the power distribution device 20 and the power consumption in the primary power area 40. The total amount of power consumed by the power source 10 can be calculated by adding up the amount of power consumed by the power meter 220. This may vary depending on the implementation method, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

The ESS 100 may include an energy storage module 110 including a battery and a controller/controller 150.

The controller/controller 150 may determine charging or discharging of the energy storage module 110 using the power measurement results of the supportive power area and the power measurement results of the primary power area. Additionally, the controller/controller 150 may determine whether to discharge to one or more chargers arranged in the supportive power area or to one or more of the primary power areas.

The ESS (100) may include a Pack BMS (120) that manages charging and discharging of the energy storage module (110). Additionally, the ESS (100) may optionally include a PMS (130) and a PCS (140). If the ESS (100) includes both the PMS (130) and the PCS (140), it may be referred to as an integrated ESS.

Alternatively, depending on the configuration of the ESS (100), the PMS (130) and PCS (140) may be physically separated from the ESS (100) and configured as separate devices. The PMS 130 and PCS 140 can be operated independently as separate devices and can control the operation of the ESS 100 by exchanging information through communication with the ESS 100.

As shown, the energy storage module 110 of the ESS 100 may be composed of one or more battery modules and module BMSs that manage the battery modules. One embodiment of the energy storage module 110 may include a battery module-module BMS as one set and a battery pack composed of one or more sets.

The battery of the energy storage module 110 can be charged with electricity via the PCS 140. The PCS 140 can receive electricity and store it in a battery or emit electricity to the system. In this process, the PCS 140 can convert AC/DC or incoming/outgoing voltage or frequency.

The PMS 130 exchanges information using communication with the PCS 140 and can provide the PCS 140 with information necessary for charging or discharging or controlling the battery.

The module BMS manages the battery by monitoring the charging status, discharge status, temperature, voltage, and current of the battery. The pack BMS 120 is a battery management system for the entire battery pack.

The controller/controller 150 uses the power measurement results of the supportive power area and the power measurement results of the primary power area to determine charging or discharging of the energy storage module 110 or one or more of the energy storage modules 110 disposed in the supportive power area. You can decide whether to discharge to the charger or to the primary power area. Additionally, according to one embodiment, the controller/controller 150 may be integrated with the PMS 130 and operate as a single component.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the controller/controller 150 may be an independent component. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the controller 150 may be implemented within the PMS 130, and the PMS 130 may provide the controller/controller functions described herein.

Power supplied from the outside is applied to the battery pack 110d via a ground fault device (GFD) 127d and a switch gear 125d. The detailed configuration of the switchgear 125d includes a switched-mode power supply (SMPS) 121d and a pack BMS 120d as an example.

The pack BMS (120d) can perform control (128d) and sensing (129d). It can control LEDs and relays, and sense current and voltage.

In FIG. 11 , the switch gear 125d and the PMS 130d may constitute the controller/controller 150 in the above-described embodiments.

When applying the above-described embodiment, the power supply network includes two or more power sources including a power grid and at least one energy storage system (energy storage device).

The ESS (100) receives a power charging request from a power charger used to charge an object containing a rechargeable battery.

The ESS (100) compares the sum of the charger power demand (Charging Request) and the amount of power defined for primary use (Primary_Usage) with the maximum amount of power available from the power grid (Grid_Max).

And, if the maximum amount of power available from the power grid (Grid_Max) is less than or equal to the sum value, the ESS (100) performs an operation for power assistance (first procedure), otherwise, the ESS (100) performs an operation for charging ( Step 2) can be performed.

Additionally, the ESS 100 may selectively perform the first or second procedure to provide power to the power charger through the power grid alone, the ESS 100 alone, or the power grid and the ESS together.

Here, the amount of power (Primary_Usage) defined for primary use is related to the power used in the primary power area 40 of the power grid. That is, it includes the load of the building, etc.

In one embodiment, the first procedure involves the energy storage system 100 determining and discharging the amount of power being discharged from the energy storage system to assist with power exceeding the maximum amount of power available from the power grid (Grid_Max).

In the second procedure, when the spare power amount of the power grid is greater than the standard value, the ESS (100) determines the charging power amount of the ESS and performs charging, so that the spare power of the power grid is used for charging, and if the spare power amount of the power grid is less than the standard value, In one embodiment, the ESS (100) enters the discharge standby mode.

The controller/controller of the battery charging management system described above can not only efficiently control the power flow of the grid by utilizing a plurality of power meters, but can also efficiently control charging between the charger and the electric vehicle. Below, charging control between a charger and an electric vehicle will be described in detail.

The electric vehicle charging system 100 shown in FIG. 12 may include an electric vehicle 120 that receives power by wire (or wirelessly) and a charger 110 that controls transmission of power to the electric vehicle 120. The charger 110 can display the amount of power actually charged to the battery of the electric vehicle 120 and the amount of power consumed due to charging, respectively, through the display unit 165.

The charger 110 may be connected to the electric vehicle 120 through a power line 130. Alternatively, the charger 110 may be connected to the electric vehicle 120 wirelessly.

Additionally, the charger 110 may include at least one connector storage box, and each connector storage box may include a connector (eg, power line (RS485)) that supplies power to the electric vehicle 120. The power line 130 may include a power line (eg, RS485) capable of transmitting and receiving signals and power between the charger 110 and the electric vehicle 120.

In this embodiment, the first power amount information provided to the battery 1210 of the electric vehicle 120 is obtained from the charger 110, and the first power amount information provided to the load 1220 other than the battery 1210 is obtained from the charger 110. It is proposed to obtain second power amount information and display warning information on the charger 110 or the user device (eg, mobile phone) of the electric vehicle 120 when the second power amount information is greater than a predetermined standard. That is, from the perspective of the user of the electric vehicle 120, when charging is made based on the amount of power provided from the charger 110, if the power provided to the load 1220 other than the battery is above a certain standard as described above, unnecessary Charges may apply. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is proposed that in addition to providing the above-described warning, charging the user is carried out by considering both the first power amount information and the second power amount information described above.

The second power amount information 1220 consumed by loads other than the battery includes auxiliary power 1220a used in V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment, power consumed for conditioning of the battery 1220b (e.g., temperature air conditioner for control, etc.), power consumed by the BMS that manages the battery (1220c), etc., and this second power amount information 1220 is displayed in the power meter 1230 of the electric vehicle as shown in FIG. 13. It can be measured by

In addition, the above-described second power amount information 1220 may additionally include power loss 1220d between the charger 110 and the electric vehicle 120. This power loss 1220d may be calculated by comparing the measured value by the power meter 1230 of the electric vehicle 120 and the measured value at the output terminal of the charger 110.

Meanwhile, in one embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the second power amount information is greater than or equal to a predetermined standard is determined by determining that the second power amount 1220 is the average of previously measured measurements for the amount of power provided to loads other than the battery. It may be judged by whether it exceeds . In other words, it is desirable to control the system to display a warning message to the user when unusually higher than average power is provided to loads other than the battery.

In addition, in another embodiment of the present invention, determining whether the second power amount information is greater than or equal to a predetermined standard is performed by dynamically determining the difference between the power amount information provided to the electric drive mobile device from the charger and the power amount information provided to the battery. It can also be calculated to determine whether it exceeds a certain standard.

The charger 110 of this embodiment may be equipped with Electric Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) 112 and a power module (Power Module) 114. The power module 114 may be installed in a direct current charger, but may not be installed in an alternating current charger. In addition, the charger 110 may be provided with a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) 111, which is a device that controls the charging procedure by communicating with a communication unit (eg, EVCC) 210 of the electric vehicle 120.

The power module 114 may include a rectifier, and the rectifier may perform the function of converting external power supplied to the charger 110 into a voltage for supply to the electric vehicle 120. . For example, EVCC can correspond to a communication controller that controls communication between the control device inside the electric vehicle and the charging infrastructure for fast and slow charging of the electric vehicle.

This EVCC can transmit and receive signals related to charging state control, such as voltage and current, or charge information with the charger 110.

The SECC 111 can communicate with the charging management server through wired or wireless communication, and can transmit and receive electric vehicle information and charging information with the communication unit (eg, EVCC) 210 provided in the electric vehicle 120. The communication unit 164 of the charger 110 may provide the amount of charge charged to the electric vehicle 120, the electric vehicle identification symbol, and the charger identification symbol to the charging management server.

The charger 110 may receive information about the charging of the electric vehicle 120 (e.g., battery charging voltage, voltage consumed by each device in the electric vehicle, battery 280 status information, etc.) from the electric vehicle 120. And, the charger 110 may transmit this charging-related information to the charging management server. The charging management server is connected to enable communication with the charger 110 and can exchange information related to charging of the electric vehicle 120.

The power measurement device of FIG. 14 can provide characteristic information of an electric vehicle. Meanwhile, the charger 110 may receive information related to power from the electric vehicle. Additionally, while the charger 110 supplies power to the electric vehicle, the charger 110 can receive the result of charging the battery from the electric vehicle, and through this, the charging characteristics of the electric vehicle can be confirmed. Additionally, during this process, the charger 110 can check the amount of power used regardless of leaked power or battery charging.

A detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or practice the invention. Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, a person skilled in the art may use each configuration described in the above-described embodiments by combining them with each other.

Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

The battery charging management system and charging control method using the same according to the embodiments of the present invention as described above can be used not only for charging electric vehicles but also for charging various electric mobile devices.

Claims

In a battery charging management system including an ESS (Energy Storage System),

a first power meter that measures the amount of power provided from a power grid;

one or more second power meters configured to measure the amount of power provided from the power grid distributed to a charger, the ESS, and loads other than the ESS through one or more distribution boards; and

A controller configured to control power distribution of the power grid based on power amount information of each of the first power meter and the one or more second power meters,

The ESS is a battery charging management system that uses a battery that supports charging and discharging speeds above a predetermined standard.
According to claim 1,

A battery charging management system wherein the predetermined standard is selected within the range of 0.5 C-Rate to 5 C-Rate.
According to claim 1,

The ESS is a battery charging management system that is an ESS based on a vanadium ion battery (VIB).
According to claim 1,

The second watt hour meter is,

It includes a third power meter that measures the amount of power distributed to loads other than the ESS,

The battery charging management system wherein the controller controls load consumption through comparison of the measured power amount of the first power meter and the measured power amount of the third power meter.
According to claim 1,

The second watt hour meter is,

It includes a fourth power meter that measures the amount of power distributed to the charger,

The controller controls the power consumption of the charger through comparison of the measured power amount of the first power meter and the measured power amount of the fourth power meter.
According to claim 1,

The controller is,

When it is impossible to measure the power of any specific power meter among the first power meter and the one or more second power meters,

A battery charging management system that performs one or more of controlling power distribution of the power grid and estimating the measured power amount of the specific power meter by measuring the power amount of the remaining power meters excluding the specific power meter.
According to claim 1,

The second watt hour meter is,

A fifth power meter that measures power distributed to the ESS and input to a power conversion system (PCS); and

It includes a sixth power meter that measures the power output from the PCS,

The battery charging management system, wherein the controller controls an error when operating the PCS by comparing the measured power amount of the fifth power meter with the measured power amount of the sixth power meter.
According to claim 1,

The second watt hour meter is,

a fourth power meter that measures the amount of power distributed to the charger and input into a power bank; and

It includes a seventh power meter that measures the amount of power output from the power bank and input to the charger,

The battery charging management system wherein the controller controls errors at the start of charging and discharging of the charger by comparing the measured power amount of the fourth power meter with the measured power amount of the seventh power meter.
According to claim 7 or 8,

If the error at the start of charging and discharging of the charger or the error when operating the PCS is greater than a predetermined standard, the controller

A battery charge management system that performs one or more of separating loads other than the ESS from the power grid and separating the power grid from the distribution board.
According to claim 7,

A battery charging management system, wherein the controller estimates the battery state of the ESS when the battery management system (BMS) of the ESS is abnormally operated, based on the measured power amount of the sixth watt-hour meter.
According to claim 1,

The battery charging management system, wherein the controller manages abnormal power leakage through comparison of the measured power amount of the first power meter and the measured power amount of the one or more second power meters.
According to claim 1,

The controller is,

Obtaining first power amount information provided to the battery of the electric mobile device from the charger,

Obtain second power amount information provided to loads other than the battery of the electrically driven mobile device from the charger;

A battery charge management system that controls to display warning information on the charger or a user device of the electrically driven mobile device when the second power amount information is greater than a predetermined standard.
In a method for controlling charging of an electrically driven mobile device comprising a battery,

Obtain first power amount information provided to the battery from a charger;

Obtain second power amount information provided to loads other than the battery from the charger;

When the second power amount information is greater than a predetermined standard, displaying warning information on the charger or a user device of the electric driven mobile device.
According to claim 13,

The second power amount information is,

Power consumed for conditioning of the battery,

Power loss between the charger and the electrically driven mobile device,

Auxiliary power used in V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment;

A method of controlling charging of an electric driven mobile device, corresponding to information on the amount of power including one or more of the following:
According to claim 13,

Determining whether the second power amount information is greater than or equal to the predetermined standard includes:

A method for controlling charging of an electrically driven mobile device, comprising determining whether the second amount of power exceeds an average amount of power provided to loads other than the battery.
According to claim 13,

Determining whether the second power amount information is greater than or equal to the predetermined standard includes:

A charging control method for an electric drive mobile device, comprising determining whether a difference between third power amount information provided to the electric drive mobile device from the charger and the first power amount information is greater than or equal to a second predetermined standard.
According to claim 13,

The second power amount information is,

Power consumed for conditioning of the battery,

Power loss between the charger and the electrically driven mobile device,

Auxiliary power used in V2L (Vehicle to Load) equipment;

A method of controlling charging of an electric driven mobile device, obtained by means of a power meter that measures one or more of the following: