WO2024029088A1 - Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station - Google Patents

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized by having a reception unit that receives a request relating to beam information for distance measurement relating to the position of the terminal, and a control unit that controls transmission of the beam information on the basis of the request, the beam information including at least one of information indicating the beam direction of a reference signal, information indicating electric power for each angle, information relating to an antenna reference point, information relating to the number of antenna ports, information relating to reference signals that are transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information relating to an area within which the beam information can be applied. Said embodiment of the present disclosure makes it possible to achieve suitable overhead reduction, channel estimation, and resource utilization.

Description

Terminal, wireless communication method and base station

The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system.

In the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been specified for the purpose of higher data rates, lower delay, etc. (Non-Patent Document 1). In addition, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) is a specification for the purpose of further increasing capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP (registered trademark)) Release (Rel. 8, 9). was made into

Successor systems to LTE (for example, also referred to as 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+ (plus), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel. 15 or later) are also being considered. .

Regarding future wireless communication technology, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) technology such as machine learning (ML) is being considered for network/device control and management.

For example, channel state information reference signal (CSI) feedback that can use beam prediction is being considered.

However, the CSI regulations in cases where beam prediction can be used have not been sufficiently studied. If these considerations are not sufficient, appropriate overhead reduction/highly accurate channel estimation/highly efficient resource utilization may not be achieved, and improvements in communication throughput/communication quality may be suppressed.

Therefore, one of the purposes of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can realize suitable overhead reduction/channel estimation/resource utilization.

A terminal according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a receiving unit that receives a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal, and a control unit that controls transmission of the beam information based on the request. , the beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, and information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter. , and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, suitable overhead reduction/channel estimation/resource utilization can be achieved.

FIG. 1 shows Rel. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of bit widths of parameters included in a CSI report defined up to 17. FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an AI model management framework. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of specifying an AI model. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE positioning method. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE positioning method. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE positioning method. FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a UE positioning method. FIGS. 8A and 8B are diagrams illustrating examples of spatial domain beam prediction and time domain beam prediction, respectively. 9A and 9B are diagrams illustrating an example of a beam information reception process according to Embodiment 1-1. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam information reception process according to Embodiment 2-1. FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing an example of a beam report according to Embodiment 3-1. 12A and 12B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment.

(CSI report or reporting)
Rel. 15/16 In NR, a terminal (also referred to as a user terminal, User Equipment (UE), etc.) transmits channel state information based on a reference signal (RS) (or resources for the RS). (CSI)) is generated (also referred to as determination, calculation, estimation, measurement, etc.), and the generated CSI is transmitted (also referred to as report, feedback, etc.) to the network (for example, a base station). The CSI may be transmitted to the base station using, for example, an uplink control channel (eg, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)) or an uplink shared channel (eg, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)).

The RS used to generate CSI is, for example, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) block, or a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel (SS/PBCH) block. The signal may be at least one of a synchronization signal (SS), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), or the like.

The CSI-RS may include at least one of a Non-Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS and a CSI-Interference Management (CSI-IM). The SS/PBCH block is a block that includes SS and PBCH (and corresponding DMRS), and may be called an SS block (SSB) or the like. Further, the SS may include at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS).

Note that CSI includes a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), and a SS /PBCH block resource indicator (SSBRI), layer indicator (LI), rank indicator (RI), L1-RSRP (reference signal reception in layer 1) At least one of the even if it includes one good.

The UE may receive information regarding CSI reporting (report configuration information) and control CSI reporting based on the report configuration information. The report configuration information may be, for example, "CSI-ReportConfig" of an information element (IE) of radio resource control (RRC). Note that in the present disclosure, RRC IE may be interchanged with RRC parameters, upper layer parameters, and the like.

The report configuration information (for example, "CSI-ReportConfig" of the RRC IE) may include, for example, at least one of the following.
- Information about the type of CSI report (report type information, e.g. "reportConfigType" of RRC IE)
- Information regarding one or more quantities of CSI to be reported (one or more CSI parameters) (report quantity information, e.g. "reportQuantity" of RRC IE)
- Information regarding the RS resource used to generate the relevant amount (the relevant CSI parameter) (resource information, for example, "CSI-ResourceConfigId" of the RRC IE)
- Information regarding the frequency domain targeted for CSI reporting (frequency domain information, e.g. "reportFreqConfiguration" of RRC IE)

For example, report type information may include periodic CSI (P-CSI) reporting, aperiodic CSI (A-CSI) reporting, or semi-persistent (semi-persistent, semi-persistent) reporting. A Semi-Persistent CSI (SP-CSI) report may be indicated.

Additionally, the report amount information may specify at least one combination of the above CSI parameters (for example, CRI, RI, PMI, CQI, LI, L1-RSRP, etc.).

Rel. In 17, the CRI/SSBRI fields are determined based on the number of CSI-RS resources or the number of SS/PBCH blocks in the resource set, respectively (see FIG. 1).

Also, Rel. 17, the CSI report includes information regarding the CRI/SSBRI/L1-RSRP/L1-SINR and the corresponding panel. This information may be called Capability Index and has a bit width of 2 bits (see FIG. 1).

(Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology to wireless communications)
Regarding future wireless communication technology, the use of AI technology such as machine learning (ML) is being considered for network/device control and management.

For example, for future wireless communication technologies, improved Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI) feedback (e.g., reduced overhead, improved accuracy, prediction), improved beam management (e.g., improved accuracy, time The use of AI technology is being considered to improve positioning (e.g., position estimation/prediction in the spatial domain), position measurement (e.g., position estimation/prediction), and so on.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of an AI model management framework. In this example, each stage related to the AI model is shown as a block. This example is also expressed as AI model life cycle management.

The data collection stage corresponds to the stage of collecting data for generating/updating an AI model. The data collection stage includes data reduction (e.g., deciding which data to transfer for model training/model inference), data transfer (e.g., to entities performing model training/model inference (e.g., UE, gNB)), and transfer data).

In the model training stage, model training is performed based on the data (training data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage includes data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model training/validation, and model testing (e.g., ensuring that the trained model meets performance thresholds). , model exchange (e.g., transferring a model for distributed learning), model deployment/updating (deploying/updating a model to entities performing model inference), and the like.

At the model inference stage, model inference is performed based on the data (inference data) transferred from the collection stage. This stage includes data preparation (e.g., performing data preprocessing, cleaning, formatting, transformation, etc.), model inference, model monitoring (e.g., monitoring the performance of model inference), and model performance feedback (the entity performing model training). (feedback of model performance to actors), output (provide model output to actors), etc.

The actor stage includes action triggers (e.g., deciding whether to trigger an action on other entities), feedback (e.g., feeding back information necessary for training data/inference data/performance feedback), etc. May include.

Note that, for example, training of a model for mobility optimization may be performed, for example, in Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM) in a network (Network (NW)) / gNodeB (gNB). good. The former has advantages in interoperability, large storage capacity, operator manageability, and model flexibility (e.g., feature engineering). In the latter case, the advantage is that there is no need for model update latency or data exchange for model development. Inference of the above model may be performed in the gNB, for example.

Also, depending on the use case, the entity that performs training/inference may be different.

For example, for AI-assisted beam management based on measurement reports, the OAM/gNB may perform model training and the gNB may perform model inference.

For AI-assisted UE assisted positioning, a Location Management Function (LMF) may perform model training, and the LMF may perform model inference.

For CSI feedback/channel estimation using an autoencoder, the OAM/gNB/UE may perform model training and the gNB/UE (jointly) may perform model inference.

For AI-assisted beam management based on beam measurements or AI-assisted UE-based positioning, the OAM/gNB/UE may perform model training and the UE may perform model inference.

By the way, it is desirable that data/AI models be treated as proprietary assets. For example, creating highly accurate AI models takes a huge amount of money and time, so if another company finds out the content of an AI model created by a company, it will be a big disadvantage. For this reason, it is being considered to make part of the information regarding the AI model unavailable (or inferred) for UEs/gNBs provided by different vendors.

Identifier (ID)-based model approaches can be one way to manage AI models in such scenarios. For example, the NW/gNB does not know the details of the AI model, but may only know some information about the AI model (for example, which ML model is used for what purpose in the UE) for AI model management. I can do it.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of specifying an AI model. In this example, the UE and NW (eg, base station (BS)) can recognize models #1 and #2 (although they may not fully understand the details of the models). The UE may report, for example, the performance of model #1 and the performance of model #2 to the NW, and the NW may instruct the UE about the AI model to use.

《UE positioning using AI technology》
Fingerprinting localization, which uses the propagation characteristics of wireless signals to estimate the location of wireless devices, is widely used in both Line Of Site (LOS) and Non-Line Of Site (NLOS) scenarios. .

In this disclosure, LOS may mean that the UE and base station are in line-of-sight (or unobstructed) to each other, and NLOS may mean that the UE and base station are not in line-of-sight (or unobstructed) to each other. It can also mean something.

In fingerprinting localization, the location of the UE is estimated from the fingerprints of multiple transmission paths (multipaths) of the UE based on a database/AI model.

The multipath information may be, for example, information regarding the angle of arrival (AoA)/angle of departure (AoD) of the signal on the optimal/candidate transmission path.

Note that in the present disclosure, the information regarding AoA may include, for example, information regarding at least one of azimuth angles of arrival and zenith angles of arrival. Further, the information regarding the AoD may include, for example, information regarding at least one of radial azimuth angles of departure and radial zenith angles of depth.

3GPP Rel. 16 NR supports the following positioning technologies.
・Positioning based on DL/UL Time Difference Of Arrival (TDOA) ・Positioning based on angle (DL AoD/UL AoA) ・Positioning based on multi-Round Trip Time (RTT) ・Positioning based on Enhanced Cell ID (E-CID)

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of positioning based on DL/UL TDOA. For example, assume that a plurality of base stations (TRP #0-#2) are arranged around the UE. In this positioning method, the position of the UE is estimated (measured) using a measured value of reference signal time difference (RSTD). For example, by connecting the points where RSTD (T _i - T _j ) takes a certain value (k i _{, j} ) for two specific base stations (TRP #i, #j (i, j are integers)), a hyperbola H is drawn. I can draw _{i and j} . The intersection of multiple such hyperbolas (in this example, the intersection of H _0,1, H _1,2, H _2,0 ) may be estimated as the location of the UE. Additionally, the position of the UE may be estimated using the RSRP of the reference signal.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of positioning based on DL AoD/UL AoA. In this positioning method, the position of the UE is estimated using a measured value of DL AoD (for example, θ or φ) or a measured value of UL AoA (for example, θ or φ). Additionally, the location of the UE may be estimated using RSRP.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of positioning based on multi-RTT. In this positioning method, the position of the UE is estimated using a plurality of RTTs calculated from the Tx/Rx time difference of reference signals (and additionally RSRP, RSRQ, etc.). For example, a geometric circle based on RTT can be drawn around each base station. The intersection of these multiple circles may be estimated as the location of the UE.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of positioning based on E-CID. In this positioning method, the location of the UE is estimated based on the geometric location of the serving cell and additional measurements (Tx-Rx time difference, RSRP, RSRQ, etc.).

The above-described positioning in DL (DL TDOA, DL AoD) may be performed on the UE side or the LMF side. For example, in UE-based positioning, the UE may calculate the UE position based on various measurement results of the UE and assistance information from the LMF. Furthermore, in UE assisted positioning, the UE may report various measurement results to the LMF, and the LMF may calculate the position of the UE. The assist information may be information for assisting in position estimation of the UE.

The above-described positioning in UL (UL TDOA, UL AoA) may be performed on the LMF side. In this case, the base station may report various measurement results to the LMF, and the LMF may calculate the location of the UE.

The above-described positioning in DL and UL (multi-RTT, E-CID) may be performed on the LMF side. In this case, the UE/base station may report various measurement results to the LMF, and the LMF may calculate the location of the UE.

In addition, 3GPP Rel. No. 17 proposes a positioning method using assist information with the aim of further improving positioning accuracy. The assist information may be transmitted between the UE, the base station, and the LMF as measurement information for the above-mentioned DL/UL-TDOA, DL-AoD/UL-AoA, multi-RTT, and E-CID.

The assist information may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Timing Error Group (TEG),
・RSRPP (path specific RSRP),
・Expected angle,
・Adjacent beam information
・TRP antenna (location/setting)/beam information,
・LOS/NLOS indicator,
-Additional path reporting.

The TEG may indicate one or more PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) resources whose transmission/reception timing errors (Rx/Tx timing errors) are within a certain margin.

RSRPP may indicate the measurement result of RSRP in the first path.

In UL positioning, the assist information regarding the expected angle may indicate expected UL-AoA/ZoA. The assist information may be transmitted from the LMF to the base station. Further, the assist information may support positioning of at least one of UL TDOA, UL AoA, and multi-RTT.

In DL positioning, the assist information regarding the expected angle may include information regarding expected DL-AoA/ZoA (expected DL-AoA/ZoA) or DL-AoD/ZoD (expected DL-AoD/ZoD). The assist information may be transmitted from the LMF to the UE. Further, the assist information may support positioning of at least one of DL TDOA, DL AoA, and multi-RTT. This improves the accuracy of angle-based UE positioning and allows optimization of Rx beamforming of the UE or base station.

In addition to the information on the values of AoA/ZoA/AoD/ZoD themselves as described above, the assist information regarding the predicted angle may include information indicating the range of uncertainty of these values.

As additional beam information, adjacent beam information can either be a subset of DL-PRS resources (option 1) for prioritization of DL-AoD reports, or the boresight direction of each DL-PRS resource (option 2). ) may also include information regarding. This allows optimization of the UE's Rx beam sweeping and DL-AoD measurements.

Additionally, the assist information may include PRS beam pattern information as additional beam information. This PRS beam pattern information may include information regarding the relative power between DL-PRS resources for each angle for each TRP.

The LOS/NLOS indicator may indicate information regarding Line Of Site (LOS)/Non-Line Of Site (NLOS).

In addition, for the purpose of improving UE positioning delay, measurement gaps (MG) that are set in advance, MG activation via lower layers, MG-less position, PRS Rx/Tx in RRC_INACTIVE state, or on-demand PRS, etc. may be configured for (and may be utilized by) the UE.

《Beam information for UE positioning》
As mentioned above, antenna configuration/beam information is considered useful for AI/Ml models.

The following scenarios A and B are possible scenarios in which antenna (arrangement) settings/beam information is used.

[Scenario A]
A more appropriate AI model is selected based on antenna settings/frequency/area.

[Scenario B]
The AI model requires metadata (antenna configuration information/beam information) as input to provide better performance.

The existing specifications support that assist information of beam information of a base station (gNB) from the network (NW) toward the UE is used only for positioning.

The following are being considered for future wireless communication methods:
・Use beam information for beam management.
- Beam information is similarly used in interfaces other than positioning protocols (for example, LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP)).
- RS beam information other than the positioning reference signal (PRS) is used for positioning.
- Beam information (of the UE) at the UE is used.

Rel. 17, beam information indicating the beam direction (boresight direction) for each PRS is used as beam information from the LMF to the UE (beam information for UE-based positioning, information regarding the transmission beam of the base station). is supported. The beam information may be information indicating a boresight direction for each PRS.

Beam information indicating the beam direction for each PRS is "DL-PRS-BeamInfoElement" included in "NR-DL-PRS-BeamInfo" of the common NR positioning information element.

"DL-PRS-BeamInfoElement" includes information regarding the azimuth angle and the elevation angle of the beam transmitted from the base station (TRP).

The information regarding the azimuth angle is "dl-PRS-Azimuth" and "dl-PRS-Azimuth-fine". "dl-PRS-Azimuth" is information shown as a value from 0° to 359° in 1° units, and "dl-PRS-Azimuth-fine" is information shown in 0.1° units from 0° to 0.9 It is expressed as a value in °.

The information regarding the elevation angle is "dl-PRS-Elevation" and "dl-PRS-Elevation-fine". "dl-PRS-Elevation" has a granularity of 1° and is information shown as a value from 0° to 180°, and "dl-PRS-Elevation-fine" has a granularity of 0.1° and is 0° It is shown as a value of 0.9° from .

Also, Rel. 17, beam information indicating the relative power of DL PRS at each angle (azimuth angle/elevation angle) is supported as beam information from LMF to UE (beam information for UE-based positioning, information regarding base station transmission beam). ing.

The beam information indicating the relative power is included in the TRP beam antenna information ("NR-TRP-BeamAntennaInfo") in the common NR positioning information element.

"NR-TRP-BeamAntennaInfo" includes information "NR-TRP-BeamAntennaInfoAzimuthElevation" regarding TRP beam antenna information for azimuth and elevation.

"NR-TRP-BeamAntennaInfoAzimuthElevation" contains "azimuth" which indicates the azimuth angle of grain size in units of 1 degree, "azimuth-fine" which indicates the azimuth angle of grain size in units of 0.1 degree, and "elevationList" which is a list of elevation angles. include.

The list of elevation angles "elevationList" includes "elevation" indicating the elevation angle with a granularity of 1 degree, "elevation-fine" indicating the elevation angle with a granularity of 0.1 degree, and a list of beam power "beamPowerList".

The beam power list "beamPowerList" includes "nr-dl-prs-ResourceSetID" indicating the resource set ID of DL PRS, "nr-dl-prs-ResourceID" indicating the resource ID of DL PRS, and the granularity of 1 dB. "nr-dl-prs-RelativePower" indicating the relative power of the resource given by "nr-dl-prs-ResourceID" and "nr-dl-prs-ResourceID" with a granularity of 0.1 dB. "nr-dl-prs-RelativePowerFine" indicating the relative power of the resource is included.

Also, Rel. 17, information indicating an antenna reference point (ARP) is supported as beam (antenna) information (information regarding a base station's transmission beam) from the LMF to the UE.

This information is indicated by "referencePoint" in "NR-TRP-LocationInfo" which is the TRP location information of the common NR positioning information element.

The TRP location information "NR-TRP-LocationInfo" is expressed by the relative positions between reference points.

The ARP location of the PRS resource is expressed as a relative position associated with the ARP location of the PRS resource set.

The antenna reference point is indicated by altitude, latitude and longitude.

Also, Rel. 17, information regarding the spatial direction of DL PRS is supported as information (information regarding the base station's transmission beam) from the base station (e.g., gNB, NG-RAN (Next Generation-Radio Access Network) node) to the LMF. .

The information includes information indicating the boresight direction of the azimuth and elevation of the PRS resource.

The information also includes transition information from a local coordinate system (LCS) to a global coordinate system (GCS).

A GCS may be defined for a system including multiple base stations and multiple UEs. Also, in the LCS, an array antenna for one base station or one UE may be defined.

The LCS is used as a reference to define the vector far-field of each antenna element in the array. The vector far field is the pattern and polarization. The arrangement of arrays within the GCS may be defined by converting between the GCS and LCS. GCS/LCS may be derived, for example, based on definitions and conversion formulas (defined in specifications) that can be recognized by those skilled in the art.

Also, Rel. In No. 17, information indicating a TRP beam/antenna is supported as information from a base station (for example, gNB) to LMF (information regarding a base station's transmission beam).

The information includes information indicating the relative power of the DL PRS at each angle (azimuth/elevation angle).

Also, Rel. In No. 17, information regarding the reception beam at the time of UL signal measurement is supported as information from the base station (for example, gNB) to the LMF (information regarding the reception beam of the base station).

The information includes at least one of a PRS resource ID, a PRS resource set ID, and an SSB index.

Also, Rel. In No. 17, information regarding spatial relationships is supported as information transmitted from the UE to the NW (information regarding the UE's transmission beam).

The information indicates the ID/index of a specific RS (for example, SSB/CSI-RS/SRS/DL PRS).

Also, Rel. 17, the number of received beams of the UE in beam sweeping for positioning is defined. The UE may report support for UE capabilities to the LMF.

For example, in FR1, the UE uses one receive beam.

Furthermore, in FR2, when the UE supports a specific UE capability, the number of beams is used as the value indicated by the information "numberOfRxBeamSweepingFactor" indicating the number of Rx beam sweeping factors for FR2. Otherwise, the UE uses eight receive beams.

Additionally, information regarding the reception beam used by the UE for measurement (for example, "nr-DL-PRS-RxBeamIndex") is supported.

For this information, the UE may report measurements received on the same receive beam if different beams are used within the DL PRS resource set.

In other words, the beam information transmitted by the UE is information indicating whether the same beam is used between resource sets.

(Beam prediction in beam management)
In future wireless communication systems (for example, Rel. 18 and later), the introduction of beam management with beam prediction is being considered.

Among beam predictions, spatial domain beam prediction, temporal domain beam prediction, and combinations of these spatial domain beam predictions and temporal domain beam predictions are being considered.

Spatial domain beam prediction and temporal beam prediction may be performed in the UE and/or the base station.

In spatial domain beam prediction, the UE/base station inputs measurements (beam quality, e.g. RSRP) based on sparse (or thick/wide) beams into the AI model and (see FIG. 8A).

In temporal beam prediction, the UE/BS inputs time-series (past, current, etc.) measurements (beam quality, e.g. RSRP) into an AI model and outputs future beam quality. (See Figure 8B).

In the present disclosure, a sparse (or thick/wide) beam may mean a sparsely distributed beam (pattern) in a spatial/angular domain. Also, a dense (or thin/narrow) beam may mean a beam (pattern) that is densely distributed in the spatial/angular domain.

By the way, in future wireless communication systems (for example, Rel. 18 and later), it is being considered to transmit beam information/antenna information supported in positioning as described above to the UE using RRC signaling or the like.

Additionally, when an AI/ML model is used in a NW (base station), reporting beam information on the UE side to the NW is being considered.

However, the configuration/control method regarding the beam information transmitted to the UE and the beam information transmitted by the UE has not been sufficiently studied. If these issues are not properly considered, appropriate overhead reduction, highly accurate channel estimation, and highly efficient resource utilization may not be achieved, and improvements in communication throughput/communication quality may be suppressed.

Therefore, the present inventors conceived of a suitable configuration/control method regarding beam information. Note that each embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied when AI/prediction is not used.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The wireless communication methods according to each embodiment may be applied singly or in combination.

In the present disclosure, "A/B" and "at least one of A and B" may be interchanged. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, "A/B/C" may mean "at least one of A, B, and C."

In the present disclosure, "activate", "deactivate", "indicate", "select", "configure", "update", "determine", etc. may be read interchangeably. In this disclosure, supporting, controlling, being able to control, operating, capable of operating, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, upper layer parameters, fields, Information Elements (IEs), settings, etc. may be read interchangeably. In the present disclosure, the terms Medium Access Control Element (CE), update command, activation/deactivation command, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, the upper layer signaling may be, for example, Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, LPP messages, etc., or a combination thereof.

In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MAC CE), a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), or the like. Broadcast information includes, for example, a master information block (MIB), a system information block (SIB), a minimum system information (RMSI), and other system information ( Other System Information (OSI)) may also be used.

In the present disclosure, the physical layer signaling may be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

In this disclosure, an index, an identifier (ID), an indicator, a resource ID, etc. may be read interchangeably. In this disclosure, sequences, lists, sets, groups, groups, clusters, subsets, etc. may be used interchangeably.

In this disclosure, a panel, a UE panel, a panel group, a beam, a beam group, a precoder, an uplink (UL) transmitting entity, a transmission/reception point (TRP), a base station, and a spatial relation information (SRI) are described. )), spatial relationship, SRS resource indicator (SRI), control resource set (CONtrol REsource SET (CORESET)), Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), codeword (CW), transport Block (Transport Block (TB)), reference signal (RS), antenna port (e.g. demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port), antenna port group (e.g. DMRS port group), groups (e.g., spatial relationship groups, Code Division Multiplexing (CDM) groups, reference signal groups, CORESET groups, Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) groups, PUCCH resource groups), resources (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resource), resource set (for example, reference signal resource set), CORESET pool, downlink Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state) (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI Unified TCI state, common TCI state, quasi-co-location (QCL), QCL assumption, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, CSI-RS, Non Zero Power (NZP) CSI-RS, Zero Power (ZP) CSI-RS, and CSI Interference Measurement (CSI-IM) are: They may be read interchangeably. Additionally, the CSI-RS may include other reference signals.

In this disclosure, RS to be measured/reported may mean RS to be measured/reported for CSI reporting.

In this disclosure, timing, time, time, time instance, slot, subslot, symbol, subframe, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, direction, axis, dimension, domain, polarization, polarization component, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, the RS may be, for example, a CSI-RS, an SS/PBCH block (SS block (SSB)), or the like. Further, the RS index may be a CSI-RS resource indicator (CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI)), an SS/PBCH block resource indicator (SS/PBCH block indicator (SSBRI)), or the like.

In the present disclosure, channel measurement/estimation includes, for example, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a synchronization signal (SS), a synchronization signal/broadcast channel (Synchronization Signal/Physical It may be performed using at least one of a Broadcast Channel (SS/PBCH) block, a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), and the like.

In this disclosure, CSI includes a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI). , SS/PBCH Block Resource Indicator (SSBRI), Layer Indicator (LI), Rank Indicator (RI), L1-RSRP (Reference in Layer 1) Signal received power (Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power), L1-RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality), L1-SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), L1-SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio), channel matrix (or channel information regarding the precoding matrix (or precoding coefficients), and the like.

In this disclosure, UCI, CSI report, CSI feedback, feedback information, feedback bit, etc. may be read interchangeably. Furthermore, in the present disclosure, bits, bit strings, bit sequences, sequences, values, information, values obtained from bits, information obtained from bits, etc. may be interchanged.

In the following embodiments, the relevant entities are the UE and the BS in order to explain an AI model regarding communication between the UE and the BS, but the application of each embodiment of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, for communication between different entities (for example, communication between UE and UE), the UE and BS in the embodiment below may be replaced with a first UE and a second UE. In other words, the UE, BS, etc. of the present disclosure may be replaced with any UE/BS.

(Wireless communication method)
In the present disclosure below, the NW and UE may exchange (transmit/receive) antenna configuration/beam information for a specific application.

The specific application may be, for example, at least one of beam management, AI-based beam management, CSI feedback, and positioning.

In the present disclosure, information regarding antennas, information regarding beams, information regarding antennas/beams, antenna settings, antenna information, beam information, beam settings, transmission (Tx) beam information, reception (Rx) beam information, assistance information, Assist data, meta information, meta data, etc. may be read interchangeably.

In this disclosure, antenna configuration/beam information may be associated with a particular reference signal (RS).

The specific reference signal may be at least one of SRS, positioning SRS, SSB, CSI-RS, DMRS, TRS, and PRS (DL-PRS/UL-PRS). In the present disclosure, SRS, positioning SRS, and UL-PRS may be read interchangeably.

In the present disclosure, NW, base station, gNB, and NG-RAN node may be read interchangeably.

<First embodiment>
In the first embodiment, information regarding antennas/beams transmitted from the NW to the UE will be described.

The UE may receive information regarding the antenna/beam of the base station from the NW.

《Embodiment 1-1》
In Embodiment 1-1, reception control in the UE of information regarding the antenna/beam of the base station will be described.

The UE/NW may follow at least one of the following options 1-1-1 and 1-1-2.

[Option 1-1-1]
The UE may request information regarding the base station's antennas/beams (which may be referred to as beam information). In other words, the UE may send a request for beam information of the base station.

The request may be sent based on the method described in Supplement 3 below.

The UE may include information regarding the granularity of the requested beam information in the request.

The information regarding the granularity includes information regarding the granularity of the beam angle (e.g. azimuth/elevation angle), information regarding the granularity of the (relative/absolute) power of the beam, and information regarding the granularity of the ARP/TRP/base station position. It may be at least one of the following.

The information regarding the angular grain size of the beam may include, for example, at least one of information represented by a first grain size (e.g., in units of 1°) and information represented by a second grain size (e.g., in units of 0.1°). It may be one.

The information regarding the granularity of the power of the beam is, for example, at least one of information indicated by a first granularity (for example, 1 dB unit) and information indicated by a second granularity (for example, 0.1 dB unit). There may be.

The information regarding the granularity of the location of the ARP/TRP/base station may be, for example, information indicating the number of bits (sequences) of information indicating the location (spatial distance) of the ARP/TRP/base station.

The UE may include information for identifying the RS (resource) of the requested beam information in the request.

The information for identifying the RS includes, for example, at least one of the following: RS resource ID, RS resource set ID, information indicating TRP, DL PRS ID (dl-PRS-ID), frequency layer, and serving cell ID. It may also be information that indicates.

The UE may include information indicating the type of beam information for which the report is requested in the request. The types of beam information will be described in detail in Embodiment 1-2 below.

For example, the UE may transmit the request by transmitting a PRACH that includes specific PRACH resources. Also, for example, the UE may send the request by reporting UE capability information.

The UE may receive a response to the request from the NW.

After receiving the response, the UE may receive beam information. Additionally, the UE may receive beam information along with the response.

The UE may receive the response based on the method described in Supplement 2 below.

The UE may assume that the response includes information indicating failure of detection/reception of the request (option 1-1-1-1). The UE may receive a response that includes information indicating failure to detect/receive the request.

The information indicating a failure to detect/receive a request may include information indicating one or more error causes/reasons. The reason for the error may be defined in advance in the specifications.

Reasons for this error include, for example, failure to receive assist information, failure to measure even one TRP, attempt to measure adjacent cells but failure, failure to measure the angle of the DL signal. The reason may be at least one of: not having sufficient signal, not being able to receive location calculation assist information, and an undefined reason.

The UE may decide whether to retransmit the request or stop transmitting the request based on the reason for the error indicated in the response.

The UE may assume that beam information is included in the response (option 1-1-1-2). The UE may receive a response that includes beam information.

If the UE does not receive the response for a specific period, it may determine that the NW has failed to receive the request (option 1-1-1-3). The UE may decide whether to retransmit the request to the NW or stop transmitting the request based on specific rules.

FIG. 9A is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam information reception process according to Embodiment 1-1. In the example shown in FIG. 9A, the UE first transmits a request for beam information to the NW (gNB) (step S901). Next, the UE receives a response to the request from the NW (gNB) (step S902) and receives beam information.

[Option 1-1-2]
In option 1-1-2, the UE does not have to send the request in option 1-1-1 above.

The UE may receive beam information according to at least one of options 1-1-2-1 to 1-1-2-3 below.

[[Option 1-1-2-1]]
The UE may receive beam information based on the method described in Supplement 2 below.

The beam information received by the UE may be UE-specific signaling.

The UE may receive beam information after reporting the corresponding UE capabilities to the NW.

According to option 1-1-2-1, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs do not require beam information.

[[Option 1-1-2-2]]
The UE may receive beam information using system information. In other words, the beam information may be included in the system information.

The system information may be, for example, SIB X (X is any integer, for example, 1).

According to option 1-1-2-2, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs require beam information.

[[Option 1-1-2-3]]
The UE may receive beam information using signaling common to the group (common to a plurality of UEs). In other words, the beam information may be included in group-common (common to a plurality of UEs) signaling.

The signaling common to the group (common to multiple UEs) may be, for example, a multicast/broadcast signal.

The signal to be broadcast (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH common to the group) may be scheduled in, for example, the DCI format for broadcast (DCI format 4_0).

The signal to be multicast (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH common to the group) may be scheduled in, for example, the DCI format for multicast (DCI format 4_1/4_2).

According to option 1-1-2-3, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs require beam information.

FIG. 9B is a diagram illustrating another example of the beam information reception process according to Embodiment 1-1. In the example shown in FIG. 9B, the UE receives beam information from the NW (gNB) without transmitting a request for beam information to the NW (gNB) (step S903).

《Embodiment 1-2》
In Embodiment 1-2, beam information transmitted from the NW to the UE will be described.

The beam information may include information/elements described in at least one of options 1-2-1 to 1-2-6 below.

[Option 1-2-1]
The beam information may include information indicating the direction of the beam (boresight direction) related to the RS.

The information may be information indicating the angle of the beam direction (boresight direction) related to the RS.

The angle may be, for example, an azimuth/elevation angle.

The angle may be the angle of the transmit beam at the base station/TRP.

[Option 1-2-2]
The beam information may include information indicating the power (beam power) of the RS.

The power of the RS may be the absolute power of the RS, or the relative power of the RS with respect to a specific RS.

The information indicating the power of the RS may be information indicating the power of the RS for each angle.

The angle may be, for example, an azimuth/elevation angle.

The angle may be the angle of the transmit beam at the base station/TRP.

The power of the RS (beam power) may be expressed as the relative power between the RSs compared to the peak power of the corresponding angle.

The UE may determine the RS that achieves the peak power for the corresponding angle based on certain rules/parameters. For example, when power is expressed as a parameter on a series, the RS corresponding to a specific (eg, first) element may be determined as the RS that achieves the peak power.

[Option 1-2-3]
The beam information may include information regarding an antenna reference point (ARP) of the RS.

The information regarding ARP may be, for example, information indicating the location of ARP.

The information indicating the location of the ARP may be indicated by information indicating the absolute position (for example, altitude/latitude/longitude).

The ARP location may be the ARP location of the RS resource. The ARP position of the RS resource may be indicated by a relative position from at least one of the ARP of the RS resource set, the UE position, and the TRP position.

The ARP location may be the ARP location of the RS resource set. The ARP location of the RS resource set may be indicated as a relative location from at least one of a reference point, a UE location, and a TRP location. The reference point may be indicated in altitude/latitude/longitude.

At least one of the UE location and the TRP location may be indicated as a relative location from a reference point. The reference point may be indicated in altitude/latitude/longitude.

At least one of the ARP position of the RS resource, the ARP position of the RS resource set, the TRP position, the UE position, and the reference point may be indicated by information indicating an absolute position. The absolute position is, for example, a point on an ellipsoid (optionally) with altitude, a point on an uncertainty circle, a point on an uncertainty ellipse, and a point on an uncertainty ellipsoid. It may be at least one of the following.

[Option 1-2-4]
The beam information may include information regarding the number of antenna ports.

Information regarding the number of antenna ports may include, for example, information on the total number of antenna ports, information on the number of antenna ports per angle, information on the total number of antenna panels, information on the number of antenna panels per angle, and information on the number of antenna ports (per angle). It may be at least one of distance information and distance information (for each angle) between antenna panels.

Information regarding the number of antenna ports may be defined/set for each RS resource/RS resource set.

[Option 1-2-5]
The beam information may include information regarding RSs transmitted using the same spatial domain filter/beam.

Information regarding RSs transmitted using the same spatial domain filter/beam may be, for example, information indicating mapping/correspondence regarding relative relationships between beams (parameters regarding beams).

In this disclosure, beam relative relationships, specific QCL types (eg, QCL type D (spatial reception parameters)), spatial relationships, etc. may be read interchangeably.

For example, if multiple RSs map to the same beam relative relationship, the UE may assume that at least one of the boresight direction of the RS and the (absolute/relative) power of the RS per angle are the same. You can assume/judge.

According to option 1-2-5, the overhead associated with reporting beam information can be reduced.

[Option 1-2-6]
The beam information may include information regarding the area.

The information regarding the area may be, for example, information indicating an area where the corresponding beam information is valid.

The information indicating the area where the corresponding beam information is valid may include at least one of the following information (list of information):
・Area ID.
- Global ID of the (NR) cell.
- Physical cell ID (Identifier) (of NR).
・ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number).
・Evolved Cell Global ID (ECGI).

The information regarding the area ID may include at least one of the global ID of the NR cell, the NR physical cell ID, and the ARFCN.

The UE may be provided with a list of area IDs corresponding to the assist data from the LMF/base station in the assist data. The list of area IDs may be a list of cell IDs (information including at least two of the (NR) cell global ID, (NR) physical cell ID, and ARFCN).

According to option 1-2-6, for example, when the antenna configurations of base stations are the same, the same beam information can be applied to different cells, and signaling overhead can be reduced.

A specific index may be assigned to at least one information of options 1-2-1 to 1-2-6 above. The allocation may be specified in advance in the specifications, may be notified from the UE to the NW based on the method described in Supplement 3 below, or may be notified from the NW to the UE based on the method described in Supplement 2 below. may be notified.

According to this, beam information based on the index (specified by the index) can be realized in the UE/NW, so signaling overhead can be reduced.

《Variations of the first embodiment》
In this disclosure, information regarding angles may be expressed in a particular manner.

For example, in the present disclosure, angles may be expressed in multiple scales.

For example, the angle may be expressed as an azimuth angle and an elevation angle. The azimuth/elevation angle may be determined based on certain parameters.

The parameter indicating the azimuth/elevation angle may be expressed by a plurality of different parameters depending on the granularity.

For example, parameters indicating azimuth/elevation angles may include a first parameter expressed in a first granularity (e.g., in 1° increments) and a second parameter indicative of a second granularity (e.g., in 0.1° increments). 2 parameters.

Also, for example, in the present disclosure, the angle may be expressed/displayed in LCS/GCS.

For example, the azimuth/elevation angle may be expressed/displayed in LCS/GCS.

If the angle is expressed in LCS, information for LCS and GCS conversion may be notified/provided to the UE/NW.

If the information for the conversion is not provided, the UE/NW may assume that the angle is expressed/displayed in GCS.

Note that the description of this embodiment is applicable not only to the first embodiment but also to other embodiments.

According to the first embodiment, the configuration of beam information transmitted from the NW to the UE and the control operation related to the beam information can be appropriately defined.

<Second embodiment>
In the second embodiment, information regarding antennas/beams transmitted from the UE to the NW will be described.

The UE may transmit information regarding the UE's antenna/beam (which may be referred to as beam information) to the NW.

《Embodiment 2-1》
In Embodiment 2-1, transmission control of information regarding the antenna/beam of the UE will be described.

The UE/NW may follow at least one of the following options 2-1-1 and 2-1-2.

[Option 2-1-1]
The UE may receive an instruction (indication information, request) to report beam information.

The UE may receive the instruction information based on the method described in Supplement 2 below.

The instruction information may be UE-specific signaling (option 2-1-1-1).

The UE may receive the instruction information after reporting the corresponding UE capabilities to the NW.

According to option 2-1-1-1, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs do not require beam information.

The UE may receive the instruction information using system information (option 2-1-1-2). In other words, the instruction information may be included in the system information.

The system information may be, for example, SIB X (X is any integer, for example, 1).

According to option 2-1-1-2, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs require beam information.

The UE may receive beam information using signaling common to the group (common to multiple UEs) (option 2-1-1-3). In other words, the beam information may be included in group-common (common to a plurality of UEs) signaling.

The signaling common to the group (common to multiple UEs) may be, for example, a multicast/broadcast signal.

The signal to be broadcast (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH common to the group) may be scheduled in, for example, the DCI format for broadcast (DCI format 4_0).

The signal to be multicast (for example, PDSCH, PDCCH common to the group) may be scheduled in, for example, the DCI format for multicast (DCI format 4_1/4_2).

According to option 2-1-1-3, resource utilization efficiency can be improved when a large number of UEs require beam information.

The UE may be requested for specific information in the instruction information.

The specific information may be, for example, information for specifying the RS (resource) of the beam information that is requested to be reported.

The information for identifying the RS includes, for example, at least one of the following: RS resource ID, RS resource set ID, information indicating TRP, DL PRS ID (dl-PRS-ID), frequency layer, and serving cell ID. It may also be information that indicates.

Further, the specific information may be information indicating which information is requested to be reported (the type of beam information for which the report is requested). The types of beam information will be described in detail in Embodiment 2-2 below.

Additionally, the specific information may be, for example, information regarding the granularity of the requested beam information.

The information regarding the granularity includes information regarding the granularity of the beam angle (e.g. azimuth/elevation angle), information regarding the granularity of the (relative/absolute) power of the beam, and information regarding the granularity of the ARP/TRP/base station position. It may be at least one of the following.

The information regarding the angular grain size of the beam may include, for example, at least one of information represented by a first grain size (e.g., in units of 1°) and information represented by a second grain size (e.g., in units of 0.1°). It may be one.

The information regarding the granularity of the power of the beam is, for example, at least one of information indicated by a first granularity (for example, in units of 1 dB) and information indicated by a second granularity (for example, in units of 0.1 dB). There may be.

The information regarding the granularity of the location of the ARP/TRP/base station may be, for example, information indicating the number of bits (sequences) of information indicating the location (spatial distance) of the ARP/TRP/base station.

[Option 2-1-2]
The UE may send an indication information/response to the request regarding the UE's beam information.

The UE may transmit its beam information after transmitting the response. Further, the UE may transmit beam information of the UE along with transmitting the response.

The response/beam information may be transmitted based on the method described in Supplement 3 below.

The UE may follow at least one of options 2-1-2-1 to 2-1-2-4 below.

The UE may include information indicating failure of detection/reception of the instruction information/request in the response (option 2-1-2-1). The UE may send a response that includes indication information/information indicating failure to detect/receive the request.

The information indicating failure of detection/reception of the instruction information/request may include information indicating one or more error causes/reasons. The reason for the error may be predefined in the specifications.

Based on the reason for the error indicated in the response, the NW may determine whether to resend the instruction information/request or stop sending the instruction information/request.

The UE may include beam information in the response (option 2-1-2-2). The UE may send a response that includes beam information.

The UE may ignore the indication information/request in certain cases (option 2-1-2-3).

For example, the UE may ignore the instruction information/request in at least one of when detecting a specific error and when transmitting only a failure detection message.

The UE may transmit the UE's beam information in reporting the UE capability information (option 2-1-2-4).

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a beam information reception process according to Embodiment 2-1. In the example shown in FIG. 10, the UE first receives a request for beam information from the NW (gNB) (step S1001). Next, the UE transmits a response to the request to the NW (gNB) (step S1002), and transmits beam information.

《Embodiment 2-2》
In Embodiment 2-2, beam information transmitted from the UE to the NW will be described.

In Embodiment 2-2, the beam information described in Embodiment 1-2 above may be applied as appropriate to the beam information transmitted from the UE to the NW.

For example, beam information may be used in which "NW/base station/TRP" in the above-described embodiment 1-2 is replaced with "UE", and "UE" is replaced with "NW/base station/TRP". .

《Embodiment 2-3》
The UE may report assistance information/metadata for AI/ML models.

The AI/ML model may be an AI/ML model that is registered/configured/compiled/activated in the UE.

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be transmitted together with the beam information in the second embodiment, or in place of the beam information.

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be at least one piece of information described below.

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be an ID of the AI/ML model.

The AI/ML model ID may be a global/local AI/ML model ID.

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be information regarding the applicable bandwidth corresponding to the AI/ML model ID.

The bandwidth may be indicated as the applicable minimum/maximum bandwidth.

The information regarding the bandwidth may include, for example, information indicating a band indicator (for example, "freqBandIndicatorNR"). Information indicating the band indicator may be represented by a specific number of bits (for example, 10 bits).

The information regarding the bandwidth may include, for example, information indicating the bandwidth of the RS associated with the corresponding AI/ML model (for example, "supportedBandwidth").

The information indicating the bandwidth of the RS associated with the corresponding AI/ML model may indicate the frequency for each frequency range (for example, FR1/FR2 (FR2-1/FR2-2)/FR3/FR4/FR5). .

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be information regarding the applicable area corresponding to the AI/ML model ID.

The information regarding the applicable area corresponding to the AI/ML model may include at least one of the following information (list of information):
・Area ID.
- Global ID of the (NR) cell.
- Physical cell ID (Identifier) (of NR).
・ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number).
・Evolved Cell Global ID (ECGI).

The area ID may include at least one of the global ID of the NR cell, the NR physical cell ID, and the ARFCN.

The assist information/metadata of the AI/ML model may be antenna settings/beam information corresponding to the AI/ML model ID.

The beam information may be the beam information in the second embodiment (Embodiment 2-1/2-2).

The NW may update/change/determine antenna settings using an AI/ML model based on the assist information/metadata received from the UE.

According to the second embodiment, the configuration of beam information transmitted from the UE to the NW and the control operation related to the beam information can be appropriately defined.

<Third embodiment>
The UE may transmit/report beam information along with reporting (results) of specific measurements. For example, a report (result) of a specific measurement (measurement) may be read as a CSI/beam report.

This embodiment may be applied, for example, when a NW (base station) performs an operation based on beam management/positioning.

The UE/NW may follow at least one of Embodiments 3-1 and 3-2 below.

Embodiment 3-1 below may be applied mainly to AI-based beam management of the NW side model, but may also be applied to cases where an AI/ML model is not used.

Embodiment 3-2 below may be applied mainly to AI-based positioning of a model on the NW side, but may also be applied to cases where an AI/ML model is not used.

In the present disclosure, the AI-based beam management on the NW side may be, for example, at least one of spatial domain beam prediction and temporal beam prediction.

In the present disclosure, a CSI report, a beam report, and an L1-RSRP/SINR report may be read interchangeably. Further, in the present disclosure, RSRP and SINR may be read interchangeably.

《Embodiment 3-1》
The UE may report information regarding reception beams (reception beam information).

The UE may report the received beam information along with the CSI (L1-RSRP/SINR) report.

The reception beam information may be, for example, an RS resource indicator.

The RS resource indicator may be, for example, at least one of an RS resource ID, an RS resource set ID, and an SRS resource indicator (for example, srs-ResourceIndicator).

The RS resource indicator may be information of an SRS resource/resource set that uses the same spatial domain transmit filter/transmit beam as the spatial domain receive filter/receive beam used for the corresponding measurement.

The UE may be configured with an SRS resource set for reporting received beam information. In this case, for example, the usage of the SRS resource set may be set to at least one of reception beam determination and L1-RSRP with reception beam information.

The bit width of the field of the reported RS resource indicator may be determined based on specific rules/parameters.

For example, the bit width may be determined by, for example, ceil(log ₂ (N)). The N may be the number of SRS resources in the associated SRS resource set. In this disclosure, ceil(X) may mean multiplying X by a ceiling function.

The RS resource indicator/RS resource set indicator may be reported together with the panel index (CapabilityIndex).

FIGS. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing an example of a beam report according to Embodiment 3-1. The examples shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B describe a case where the RS resource indicator is reported together with the panel index (CapabilityIndex) in the beam report (CSI report).

The example shown in FIG. 11A shows the bit width of information included in the beam report. The number of bits (X) of the RS resource indicator may be determined based on the above method.

In the example shown in FIG. 11B, information included in the beam report is described. The beam report includes CRI or SSBRI (#1-#4), RSRP corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #1 (RSRP #1), differential RSRP corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #2-#4 (differential RSRP #2), - #4), panel indexes (CapabilityIndex) #1-#4 corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #1-#4, respectively, and RS resource indicators # corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #1-#4, respectively. 1-#4 is included.

Note that in the example shown in FIG. 11B, a beam report includes a plurality of RS resource indicators, that is, RS resource indicators corresponding to each CRI or SSBRI, but only one RS resource indicator is included in a beam report. It may be. In this case, the one RS resource indicator may correspond to each CRI or SSBRI. Whether the RS resource indicator corresponding to each CRI or SSBRI is included in the beam report, or whether only one RS resource indicator is included in the beam report may be determined based on higher layer signaling.

Additionally, the RS resource indicator/RS resource set indicator may be reported separately from the panel index (CapabilityIndex).

FIGS. 12A and 12B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. The examples shown in FIGS. 12A and 12B describe a case where the RS resource indicator is reported separately from the panel index (CapabilityIndex) in the beam report (CSI report).

12A and 12B differ from FIGS. 11A and 11B only in that information about the panel index (CapabilityIndex) is not included.

In this way, by reporting information about RS resources along with the CSI (L1-RSRP/SINR) report, if beam information related to SRS resources is available, information about the received beam used for measurement is reported to the NW. can.

Additionally, the reception beam information may be, for example, a beam index.

The beam index may be, for example, the index of the UE's receive beam/spatial domain receive filter used for the corresponding measurement.

For example, if the UE uses the same beam to receive signals in measurements, the same beam index may be reported.

If the same (or different) beam is used in the measurement, the UE may decide to include the beam index in the beam report and transmit it.

The bit width of the reported beam index field may be determined based on specific rules/parameters.

For example, the bit width may be determined by, for example, ceil(log ₂ (M)). The M may be a number indicated by the UE's receive beam sweeping factor.

For example, the bit width may be determined separately for each frequency range (for example, FR1/FR2 (FR2-1/FR2-2)/FR3/FR4/FR5).

The beam index may be reported together with the panel index (CapabilityIndex).

13A and 13B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. In the example shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, a case is described in which a receiving beam index (RxbeamIndex) is reported together with a panel index (CapabilityIndex) in a beam report (CSI report).

The example shown in FIG. 13A shows the bit width of information included in the beam report. The number of bits (X) of the receive beam index may be determined based on the above method.

In the example shown in FIG. 13B, information included in the beam report is described. The beam report includes CRI or SSBRI (#1-#4), RSRP corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #1 (RSRP #1), differential RSRP corresponding to CRI or SSBRI #2-#4 (differential RSRP #2), - #4), panel index (CapabilityIndex) #1-#4 corresponding to each of CRI or SSBRI #1-#4, and receive beam index # corresponding to each of CRI or SSBRI #1-#4 1-#4 is included.

Note that in the example shown in FIG. 13B, a beam report includes a plurality of receive beam indexes, that is, receive beam indexes corresponding to each CRI or SSBRI, but only one receive beam index is included in a beam report. It may be. In this case, the one receive beam index may correspond to each CRI or SSBRI. Whether the receive beam index corresponding to each CRI or SSBRI is included in the beam report, or whether there is only one receive beam index included in the beam report may be determined based on upper layer signaling.

Additionally, the reception beam index may be reported separately from the panel index (CapabilityIndex).

FIGS. 14A and 14B are diagrams showing other examples of beam reports according to Embodiment 3-1. The examples shown in FIGS. 14A and 14B describe a case where the receive beam index is reported separately from the panel index (CapabilityIndex) in the beam report (CSI report).

14A and 14B differ from FIGS. 13A and 13B only in that information about the panel index (CapabilityIndex) is not included.

If the panel index (CapabilityIndex) corresponding to the report result is different, the UE/NW may assume/determine that a different beam/spatial domain filter corresponds to the report result even if the beam index corresponding to the report result is the same. .

In this way, by reporting the beam index together with the CSI (L1-RSRP/SINR) report, it is possible to report the beam using the same mechanism as the signal measurement in the beam (L1-RSRP/SINR) measurement. UE implementation can be simplified.

《Embodiment 3-2》
The UE may report information regarding the receive beam (receive beam information).

The UE may report received beam information together with signal measurement information for positioning regarding DL measurements.

The positioning may be, for example, at least one of NR E-CID-based positioning, DL-TDOA-based positioning, DL-AoD-based positioning, and multi-RTT positioning.

The reception beam information may be, for example, an RS resource indicator.

The RS resource indicator may be, for example, at least one of an RS resource ID, an RS resource set ID, and an SRS resource indicator (for example, srs-ResourceIndicator).

The RS resource indicator may be information of an SRS resource/resource set that uses the same spatial domain transmit filter/transmit beam as the spatial domain receive filter/receive beam used for the corresponding measurement.

The UE may be configured with an SRS resource set for reporting received beam information. In this case, for example, the usage of the SRS resource set may be set to at least one of reception beam determination and L1-RSRP with reception beam information.

If the same SRS resource ID/SRS resource set ID is indicated, the UE/NW may expect/assume/determine that it is the same UE Rx TEG.

《Variation of the third embodiment》
When spatial domain beam prediction is performed in the NW, the number of candidate beams measured by the NW (first number), the number of candidate beams including the beam to be notified to the UE (second number), may be determined separately (variation 1).

For example, the first number and the second number may be different. For example, the first number may be less than the second number.

The UE may assume that the number of transmit beams of the UE is different from the number of receive beams that are requested to be measured by the NW.

The UE may assume that the number of CRI/SSBRI/RS resource indicators/beam indices to report is different (or set differently) based on the beam prediction of the NW.

Also, if certain upper layer parameters are configured, for each measurement/measurement result included in one report (e.g. UCI/CSI report/beam measurement report), the receiving panel (UE capability index/UE capability index) value set)/receive beam (receive spatial domain filter) may be equal (variation 2).

For each measurement/measurement result included in one report (e.g. UCI/CSI report/beam measurement report), the UE (always) filter) may be determined/assumed to be equal.

Note that variation 2 may be applicable to both the case where the UE reports information regarding the received beam (beam information), and the case where the UE reports beam information.

According to the third embodiment, beam information can be appropriately transmitted from the UE to the NW.

<Supplement>
[AI model information (supplement 1)]
In this disclosure, AI model information may mean information including at least one of the following:
・AI model input/output information,
・Pre-processing/post-processing information for AI model input/output,
・Information on AI model parameters,
・Training information for AI models (training information),
・Inference information for AI models,
・Performance information regarding AI models.

Here, the input/output information of the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
- Contents of input/output data (e.g. RSRP, SINR, amplitude/phase information in channel matrix (or precoding matrix), information on angle of arrival (AoA), angle of departure (AoD)) ), location information),
・Data auxiliary information (may be called meta information),
- type of input/output data (e.g. immutable value, floating point number),
- bit width of input/output data (e.g. 64 bits for each input value),
- Quantization interval (quantization step size) of input/output data (e.g. 1 dBm for L1-RSRP),
- The range that input/output data can take (for example, [0, 1]).

Note that in the present disclosure, the information regarding AoA may include information regarding at least one of the azimuth angle of arrival and the zenith angle of arrival (ZoA). Further, the information regarding the AoD may include, for example, information regarding at least one of a radial azimuth angle of departure and a radial zenith angle of depth (ZoD).

In the present disclosure, the location information may be location information regarding the UE/NW. Location information includes information (e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude) obtained using a positioning system (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Global Positioning System (GPS), etc.), and information (e.g., latitude, longitude, altitude) adjacent to the UE. Information on the serving (or serving) BS (e.g., BS/cell identifier (ID), BS-UE distance, direction/angle of the BS (UE) as seen from the UE (BS), The information may include at least one of the coordinates of the BS (UE) as seen from the BS (e.g., X/Y/Z axis coordinates, etc.), the specific address of the UE (e.g., Internet Protocol (IP) address), etc. . The location information of the UE is not limited to information based on the location of the BS, but may be information based on a specific point.

The location information may include information regarding its own implementation (for example, location/position/orientation of antennas, location/orientation of antenna panels, number of antennas, number of antenna panels, etc.).

The location information may include mobility information. The mobility information may include information indicating at least one of the mobility type, the moving speed of the UE, the acceleration of the UE, the moving direction of the UE, and the like.

Here, the mobility types are fixed location UE, movable/moving UE, no mobility UE, low mobility UE, and medium mobility UE. (middle mobility UE), high mobility UE (high mobility UE), cell-edge UE (cell-edge UE), and non-cell-edge UE (not-cell-edge UE).

In this disclosure, environmental information (for data) may be information regarding the environment in which the data is acquired/used, such as frequency information (band ID, etc.), environment type information (indoor, etc.). , outdoor, Urban Macro (UMa), Urban Micro (Umi), etc.), Line Of Site (LOS)/Non-Line Of Site (NLOS), etc. Good too.

Here, LOS may mean that the UE and BS are in an environment where they can see each other (or there is no shielding), and NLOS may mean that the UE and BS are not in an environment where they can see each other (or there is a shield). It can also mean The information indicating LOS/NLOS may indicate a soft value (for example, probability of LOS/NLOS) or may indicate a hard value (for example, either LOS/NLOS).

In the present disclosure, meta information may mean, for example, information regarding input/output information suitable for an AI model, information regarding acquired/obtainable data, etc. Specifically, the meta information includes information regarding beams of RS (for example, CSI-RS/SRS/SSB, etc.) (for example, the pointing angle of each beam, 3 dB beam width, the shape of the pointing beam, (number of beams), gNB/UE antenna layout information, frequency information, environment information, meta information ID, etc. Note that the meta information may be used as input/output of the AI model.

The pre-processing/post-processing information for the input/output of the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
- whether to apply normalization (e.g., Z-score normalization, min-max normalization);
- Parameters for normalization (e.g. mean/variance for Z-score normalization, minimum/maximum for min-max normalization),
- Whether to apply a specific numerical conversion method (e.g. one hot encoding, label encoding, etc.);
- Selection rules for whether or not to be used as training data.

For example, normalized input information x that has been subjected to Z-score normalization (x _new = (x-μ)/σ, where μ is the average of x and σ is the standard deviation) as a preprocessing for input information x. _new may be input into the AI model, and the output y _out from the AI model may be post-processed to obtain the final output y.

The information on the parameters of the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Weight (e.g. neuron coefficient (coupling coefficient)) information in the AI model,
・Structure of the AI model,
・Type of AI model as model component (e.g. ResNet, DenseNet, RefineNet, Transformer model, CRBlock, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short Memory -Term Memory (LSTM)), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)),
- Functions of the AI model as a model component (e.g. decoder, encoder).

Note that the weight information in the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Bit width (size) of weight information,
・Quantization interval of weight information,
- Granularity of weight information,
・The range that weight information can take,
・Weight parameters in the AI model,
・Difference information from the AI model before update (if updating),
・Weight initialization methods (e.g. zero initialization, random initialization (based on normal distribution/uniform distribution/truncated normal distribution), Xavier initialization (for sigmoid functions), He initialization (rectified) For Rectified Linear Units (ReLU)).

Further, the structure of the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Number of layers,
- Type of layer (e.g. convolution layer, activation layer, dense layer, normalization layer, pooling layer, attention layer),
・Layer information,
- Time series specific parameters (e.g. bidirectionality, time step),
- Parameters for training (e.g. type of function (L2 regularization, dropout function, etc.), where to put this function (e.g. after which layer)).

The layer information may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Number of neurons in each layer,
・Kernel size,
・Stride for pooling layer/convolution layer,
・Pooling method (MaxPooling, AveragePooling, etc.),
・Residual block information,
・Number of heads,
・Normalization methods (batch normalization, instance normalization, layer normalization, etc.),
- Activation function (sigmoid, tanh function, ReLU, leaky ReLU information, Maxout, Softmax).

One AI model may be included as a component of another AI model. For example, an AI model may be an AI model in which processing proceeds in the following order: ResNet as model component #1, a transformer model as model component #2, a dense layer, and a normalization layer.

The training information for the AI model may include information regarding at least one of the following:
・Information for the optimization algorithm (e.g., optimization type (Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), AdaGrad, Adam, etc.), optimization parameters (learning rate, momentum, etc.) information, etc.),
・Information on the loss function (for example, information on the metrics of the loss function (Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Square Error (MSE)), cross entropy loss, NLLLoss, Kullback- Leibler (KL) divergence, etc.),
parameters to be frozen for training (e.g. layers, weights),
- parameters to be updated (e.g. layers, weights),
・Parameters (for example, layers, weights) that should be initial parameters for training (should be used as initial parameters),
- How to train/update the AI model (e.g. (recommended) number of epochs, batch size, number of data used for training).

The inference information for the AI model may include information regarding branch pruning of a decision tree, parameter quantization, functions of the AI model, and the like. Here, the function of the AI model may correspond to at least one of, for example, time domain beam prediction, spatial domain beam prediction, an autoencoder for CSI feedback, an autoencoder for beam management, etc.

An autoencoder for CSI feedback may be used as follows:
- The UE inputs the CSI/channel matrix/precoding matrix into the encoder's AI model and transmits the output encoded bits as CSI feedback (CSI report).
- The BS inputs the received encoded bits into the decoder's AI model and reconstructs the output CSI/channel matrix/precoding matrix.

In spatial domain beam prediction, the UE/BS inputs sparse (or thick) beam-based measurements (beam quality, e.g. RSRP) into an AI model and outputs dense (or thin) beam quality. You can.

In time-domain beam prediction, the UE/BS may input time-series (past, current, etc.) measurement results (beam quality, e.g. RSRP) to the AI model and output future beam quality.

The performance information regarding the AI model may include information regarding the expected value of a loss function defined for the AI model.

The AI model information in the present disclosure may include information regarding the applicable range (applicable range) of the AI model. The applicable range may be indicated by a physical cell ID, a serving cell index, etc. Information regarding the scope of application may be included in the above-mentioned environmental information.

AI model information regarding a specific AI model may be predefined in a standard, or may be notified to the UE from a network (NW). The AI model defined in the standard may be called a reference AI model. AI model information regarding the reference AI model may be referred to as reference AI model information.

Note that the AI model information in the present disclosure may include an index (for example, may be referred to as an AI model index, AI model ID, model ID, etc.) for identifying an AI model. The AI model information in the present disclosure may include an AI model index in addition to/instead of the input/output information of the AI model described above. The association between the AI model index and the AI model information (for example, input/output information of the AI model) may be predetermined in the standard, or may be notified from the NW to the UE.

The AI model information in the present disclosure may be associated with the AI model, and may also be referred to as AI model relevant information, simply related information, or the like. The AI model related information does not need to explicitly include information for identifying the AI model. The AI model related information may be information containing only meta information, for example.

[Notification of information to UE (supplement 2)]
In the embodiments described above, the notification of any information to the UE (from the NW) (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) is performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC). MAC CE), specific signals/channels (eg, PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

When the above notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new logical channel ID (LCID), which is not specified in the existing standard, in the MAC subheader. Further, the MAC CE may be an extended MAC CE (for example, a new octet is added) to an existing MAC CE.

When the above notification is performed by a DCI, the above notification includes a specific field of the DCI, a radio network temporary identifier (Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)), the format of the DCI, etc.

The DCI field included in the DCI may be an existing DCI field or a newly defined DCI field (after Rel. 18). The RNTI corresponding to the DCI may be an existing RNTI or a new RNTI (after Rel. 18). The DCI format of the DCI may be an existing DCI format or a newly defined DCI format (after Rel. 18).

Furthermore, notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (may be triggered by the UE or may be triggered by instructions from the base station), or aperiodic (may be triggered by the base station's instructions). (may be triggered by the UE or may be triggered by instructions from the base station).

[Notification of information from UE (supplement 3)]
In the embodiments described above, the notification of any information from the UE (to the NW) (in other words, the transmission of any information to the BS in the UE) is performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), upper layer signaling (e.g., RRC). MAC CE, LPP messages), specific signals/channels (eg, PUCCH, PUSCH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

When the above notification is performed by a MAC CE, the MAC CE may be identified by including a new LCID that is not defined in the existing standard in the MAC subheader. Further, the MAC CE may be an extended MAC CE (for example, a new octet is added) to an existing MAC CE.

When the above notification is performed by UCI, the above notification may be transmitted using PUCCH or PUSCH.

Additionally, notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments may be periodic, semi-persistent (which may be triggered by the UE or may be triggered by instructions from the base station), or (which may be triggered by the UE). (or may be triggered by instructions from the base station) may be performed aperiodically.

[About application of each embodiment (supplement 4)]
At least one of the embodiments described above may be applied if certain conditions are met. The specific conditions may be specified in the standard, or may be notified to the UE/BS using upper layer signaling/physical layer signaling.

At least one of the embodiments described above may be applied only to UEs that have reported or support a particular UE capability.

The particular UE capability may indicate at least one of the following:
・Supporting specific processing/operation/control/information regarding at least one of the above embodiments/options/choices;
・Supporting specific processing/operation/control/information regarding at least two combinations of the above embodiments/options/choices;
・Location (area) where the UE can use beam information,
・ Types/options of beam information that the UE can use,
- Types of RSs that can be used/applied by the UE (for example, CSI-RS/SSB/(DL/UL) PRS/DMRS/TRS/SRS/positioning SRS).

Further, the specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all frequencies (commonly regardless of frequency), or a capability that is applied across all frequencies (for example, a cell, a band, a BWP, a band combination, a component carrier, etc.). or a combination thereof), or it may be a capability for each frequency range (for example, Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2). Alternatively, it may be a capability for each subcarrier spacing (SCS).

Furthermore, the above-mentioned specific UE capability may be a capability that is applied across all duplex schemes (commonly regardless of the duplex scheme), or may be a capability that is applied across all duplex schemes (for example, Time Division Duplex). The capability may be for each frequency division duplex (TDD)) or frequency division duplex (FDD)).

In addition, at least one of the embodiments described above may be configured such that the UE configures/activates specific information related to the embodiment described above (or performs the operation of the embodiment described above) by upper layer signaling/physical layer signaling. / May be applied when triggered. For example, the specific information may be information indicating that the use of the AI model is enabled, arbitrary RRC parameters for a specific release (for example, Rel. 18), or the like.

If the UE does not support at least one of the specific UE capabilities or is not configured with the specific information, for example, Rel. 15/16 operations may be applied.

(Appendix A)
Regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure, the following invention will be added.
[Appendix A-1]
a receiving unit that receives beam information for positioning regarding the location of the base station using at least one of upper layer signaling and physical layer signaling;
A terminal comprising: a control unit that performs positioning of the base station based on the beam information.
[Appendix A-2]
The terminal according to Appendix A-1, wherein the beam information is transmitted in response to a request regarding the beam information.
[Appendix A-3]
The terminal according to Appendix A-1 or A-2, wherein the beam information is included in a response signal to a request regarding the beam information.
[Appendix A-4]
The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable, the terminal according to any one of Appendix A-1 to Appendix A-3.

(Appendix B)
Regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure, the following invention will be added.
[Appendix B-1]
a receiving unit that receives a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal;
a control unit that controls transmission of the beam information based on the request,
The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable.
[Appendix B-2]
The terminal according to Appendix B-1, wherein the beam information is transmitted after transmitting a response signal transmitted in response to the request.
[Appendix B-3]
The terminal according to Appendix B-1 or B-2, wherein the beam information is included in a response signal to the request.
[Appendix B-4]
The terminal according to any one of appendices B-1 to B-3, wherein the beam direction includes information regarding an azimuth angle and information regarding an elevation angle.

(Appendix C)
Regarding one embodiment of the present disclosure, the following invention will be added.
[Appendix C-1]
a control unit that measures the first reference signal;
A terminal comprising: a transmitting unit that transmits the measurement result including beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal.
[Appendix C-2]
The result of said measurement is a beam report;
The terminal according to Appendix C-1, wherein the beam information is a resource indicator of a second reference signal corresponding to a received beam related to the first reference signal.
[Appendix C-3]
The result of said measurement is a beam report;
The terminal according to Appendix C-1 or C-2, wherein the beam information is an index of a received beam associated with the first reference signal.
[Appendix C-4]
The measurement result is signal measurement information for positioning regarding downlink measurements,
The terminal according to any one of appendices C-1 to C-3, wherein the beam information is a resource indicator of a second reference signal corresponding to a received beam related to the first reference signal.

(wireless communication system)
The configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above-described embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 (also simply referred to as system 1) uses Long Term Evolution (LTE), 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), etc. specified by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). It may also be a system that realizes communication using

Additionally, the wireless communication system 1 may support dual connectivity between multiple Radio Access Technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC has dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), and dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E -UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)).

In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the NR base station (gNB) is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

The wireless communication system 1 has dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC) where both the MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB)). )) may be supported.

The wireless communication system 1 includes a base station 11 that forms a macro cell C1 with relatively wide coverage, and base stations 12 (12a-12c) that are located within the macro cell C1 and form a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macro cell C1. You may prepare. User terminal 20 may be located within at least one cell. The arrangement, number, etc. of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the embodiment shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the plurality of base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may use at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using a plurality of component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

Each CC may be included in at least one of a first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and a second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 may be included in FR1, and small cell C2 may be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 may be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). Note that the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these, and FR1 may correspond to a higher frequency band than FR2, for example.

Further, the user terminal 20 may communicate using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD) in each CC.

The plurality of base stations 10 may be connected by wire (for example, optical fiber, X2 interface, etc. compliant with Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)) or wirelessly (for example, NR communication). For example, when NR communication is used as a backhaul between base stations 11 and 12, base station 11, which is an upper station, is an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is a relay station, is an IAB donor. May also be called a node.

The base station 10 may be connected to the core network 30 via another base station 10 or directly. The core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

Core Network 30 is, for example, User Plane Function (UPF), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF), Session Management (SMF), Unified Data Management. T (UDM), ApplicationFunction (AF), Data Network (DN), Location Management Network Functions (NF) such as Function (LMF) and Operation, Administration and Maintenance (Management) (OAM) may also be included. Note that multiple functions may be provided by one network node. Further, communication with an external network (eg, the Internet) may be performed via the DN.

The user terminal 20 may be a terminal compatible with at least one of communication systems such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

In the wireless communication system 1, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless access method may be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), etc. may be used.

A wireless access method may also be called a waveform. Note that in the wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (for example, other single carrier transmission methods, other multicarrier transmission methods) may be used as the UL and DL radio access methods.

In the wireless communication system 1, the downlink channels include a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel (PBCH)), and a downlink control channel (physical downlink control). Channel (PDCCH)) or the like may be used.

In the wireless communication system 1, uplink channels include a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) shared by each user terminal 20, an uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a random access channel. (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) or the like may be used.

User data, upper layer control information, System Information Block (SIB), etc. are transmitted by the PDSCH. User data, upper layer control information, etc. may be transmitted by PUSCH. Furthermore, a Master Information Block (MIB) may be transmitted via the PBCH.

Lower layer control information may be transmitted by PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI) that includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

Note that the DCI that schedules PDSCH may be called DL assignment, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI that schedules PUSCH may be called UL grant, UL DCI, etc. Note that PDSCH may be replaced with DL data, and PUSCH may be replaced with UL data.

A control resource set (CONtrol REsource SET (CORESET)) and a search space may be used to detect the PDCCH. CORESET corresponds to a resource for searching DCI. The search space corresponds to a search area and a search method for PDCCH candidates (PDCCH candidates). One CORESET may be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE may monitor the CORESET associated with a certain search space based on the search space configuration.

One search space may correspond to PDCCH candidates corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may be referred to as a search space set. Note that "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting", etc. in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

The PUCCH allows channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (for example, may be called Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request ACKnowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK/NACK, etc.), and scheduling request ( Uplink Control Information (UCI) including at least one of SR)) may be transmitted. A random access preamble for establishing a connection with a cell may be transmitted by PRACH.

Note that in this disclosure, downlinks, uplinks, etc. may be expressed without adding "link". Furthermore, various channels may be expressed without adding "Physical" at the beginning.

In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (SS), a downlink reference signal (DL-RS), and the like may be transmitted. In the wireless communication system 1, the DL-RS includes a cell-specific reference signal (CRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), and a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation). Reference Signal (DMRS)), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS), etc. may be transmitted.

The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may be called an SS/PBCH block, SS Block (SSB), etc. Note that SS, SSB, etc. may also be called reference signals.

In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, measurement reference signals (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), etc. are transmitted as uplink reference signals (UL-RS). good. Note that DMRS may be called a user terminal-specific reference signal (UE-specific reference signal).

(base station)
FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control section 110, a transmitting/receiving section 120, a transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and a transmission line interface 140. Note that one or more of each of the control unit 110, the transmitting/receiving unit 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may be provided.

Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks that are characteristic of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which will be explained based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

The control unit 110 may control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), and the like. The control unit 110 may control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transmitting/receiving unit 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may generate data, control information, a sequence, etc. to be transmitted as a signal, and may transfer the generated data to the transmitting/receiving unit 120. The control unit 110 may perform communication channel call processing (setting, release, etc.), status management of the base station 10, radio resource management, and the like.

The transmitting/receiving section 120 may include a baseband section 121, a radio frequency (RF) section 122, and a measuring section 123. The baseband section 121 may include a transmission processing section 1211 and a reception processing section 1212. The transmitter/receiver unit 120 includes a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measurement circuit, a transmitter/receiver circuit, etc., which are explained based on common understanding in the technical field related to the present disclosure. be able to.

The transmitting/receiving section 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting/receiving section, or may be configured from a transmitting section and a receiving section. The transmitting section may include a transmitting processing section 1211 and an RF section 122. The reception section may include a reception processing section 1212, an RF section 122, and a measurement section 123.

The transmitting/receiving antenna 130 can be configured from an antenna described based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.

The transmitter/receiver 120 may transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitter/receiver 120 may receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, and the like.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 may form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) performs Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer processing, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer processing (for example, RLC retransmission control), Medium Access Control (MAC) layer processing (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc. may be performed to generate a bit string to be transmitted.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (transmission processing unit 1211) performs channel encoding (which may include error correction encoding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, and discrete Fourier transform (DFT) on the bit string to be transmitted. A baseband signal may be output by performing transmission processing such as processing (if necessary), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) may perform modulation, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal in a radio frequency band, and may transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting/receiving antenna 130. .

On the other hand, the transmitting/receiving section 120 (RF section 122) may perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation into a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting/receiving antenna 130.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (reception processing unit 1212) performs analog-to-digital conversion, fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing, and inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) on the acquired baseband signal. )) processing (if necessary), applying reception processing such as filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing and PDCP layer processing, User data etc. may also be acquired.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 (measuring unit 123) may perform measurements regarding the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 may perform Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement, Channel State Information (CSI) measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 is the receiving power (for example, Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), Receive Quality (eg, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal To InterfERENCE PLUS NOI. SE RATIO (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) , signal strength (for example, Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (for example, CSI), etc. may be measured. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 110.

The transmission path interface 140 transmits and receives signals (backhaul signaling) between devices included in the core network 30 (for example, network nodes providing NF), other base stations 10, etc., and provides information for the user terminal 20. User data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. may be acquired and transmitted.

Note that the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting/receiving unit 120, the transmitting/receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140.

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 may transmit beam information for positioning regarding the location of the base station using at least one of upper layer signaling and physical layer signaling. The control unit 110 may use the beam information to instruct positioning of the base station (first embodiment).

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 may transmit a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal. The control unit 110 may control reception of the beam information based on the request. The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction (boresight direction) of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, and is transmitted using the same spatial domain filter. It may include at least one of information regarding reference signals and information regarding areas to which the beam information is applicable (second embodiment).

The transmitting/receiving unit 120 may receive beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal included in the measurement result. The control unit 110 may perform positioning regarding the position of the terminal based on the beam information (third embodiment).

(user terminal)
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control section 210, a transmitting/receiving section 220, and a transmitting/receiving antenna 230. Note that one or more of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting/receiving unit 220, and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230 may be provided.

Note that this example mainly shows functional blocks that are characteristic of the present embodiment, and it may be assumed that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks necessary for wireless communication. A part of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be configured from a controller, a control circuit, etc., which will be explained based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

The control unit 210 may control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may control transmission and reception using the transmitting/receiving unit 220 and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230, measurement, and the like. The control unit 210 may generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as a signal, and may transfer the generated data to the transmitting/receiving unit 220.

The transmitting/receiving section 220 may include a baseband section 221, an RF section 222, and a measuring section 223. The baseband section 221 may include a transmission processing section 2211 and a reception processing section 2212. The transmitting/receiving unit 220 can be configured from a transmitter/receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measuring circuit, a transmitting/receiving circuit, etc., which are explained based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

The transmitting/receiving section 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting/receiving section, or may be configured from a transmitting section and a receiving section. The transmitting section may include a transmitting processing section 2211 and an RF section 222. The reception section may include a reception processing section 2212, an RF section 222, and a measurement section 223.

The transmitting/receiving antenna 230 can be configured from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common recognition in the technical field related to the present disclosure.

The transmitter/receiver 220 may receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitter/receiver 220 may transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, and the like.

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 may form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam using digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), or the like.

The transmission/reception unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) performs PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g. RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g. , HARQ retransmission control), etc., to generate a bit string to be transmitted.

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) performs channel encoding (which may include error correction encoding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as necessary), and IFFT processing on the bit string to be transmitted. , precoding, digital-to-analog conversion, etc., and output a baseband signal.

Note that whether or not to apply DFT processing may be based on the settings of transform precoding. When transform precoding is enabled for a certain channel (for example, PUSCH), the transmitting/receiving unit 220 (transmission processing unit 2211) performs the above processing in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. DFT processing may be performed as the transmission processing, or if not, DFT processing may not be performed as the transmission processing.

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform modulation, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal in a radio frequency band, and may transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting/receiving antenna 230. .

On the other hand, the transmitting/receiving section 220 (RF section 222) may perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation into a baseband signal, etc. on the radio frequency band signal received by the transmitting/receiving antenna 230.

The transmission/reception unit 220 (reception processing unit 2212) performs analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (if necessary), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, and decoding (error correction) on the acquired baseband signal. (which may include decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing may be applied to obtain user data and the like.

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may perform measurements regarding the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 may perform RRM measurement, CSI measurement, etc. based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 may measure received power (for example, RSRP), reception quality (for example, RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (for example, RSSI), propagation path information (for example, CSI), and the like. The measurement results may be output to the control unit 210.

Note that the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may be configured by at least one of the transmitting/receiving unit 220 and the transmitting/receiving antenna 230.

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 may receive beam information for positioning regarding the location of the base station using at least one of upper layer signaling and physical layer signaling. The control unit 210 may perform positioning of the base station based on the beam information (first embodiment).

The beam information may be transmitted in response to a request regarding the beam information (first embodiment).

The beam information may be included in a response signal to a request regarding the beam information (first embodiment).

The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal (boresight own direction), information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, and information indicating whether the beam is transmitted using the same spatial domain filter. The beam information may include at least one of information regarding a reference signal to which the beam information is applied, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable (first embodiment).

The transmitting/receiving unit 220 may receive a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal. The control unit 210 may control the transmission of the beam information based on the request. The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction (boresight direction) of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, and is transmitted using the same spatial domain filter. It may include at least one of information regarding reference signals and information regarding areas to which the beam information is applicable (second embodiment).

The beam information may be transmitted after a response signal is transmitted in response to the request (second embodiment).

The beam information may be included in a response signal to the request (second embodiment).

The beam direction may include information regarding the azimuth angle and information regarding the elevation angle (second embodiment).

The control unit 210 may measure the first reference signal. The transmitting/receiving unit 220 may transmit the measurement result including beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal (third embodiment).

The measurement result may be a beam report. The beam information may be a resource indicator of a second reference signal corresponding to a received beam related to the first reference signal (third embodiment).

The measurement result may be a beam report. The beam information may be an index of a received beam related to the first reference signal (third embodiment).

The measurement result may be signal measurement information for positioning regarding downlink measurements. The beam information may be a resource indicator of a second reference signal corresponding to a received beam related to the first reference signal (third embodiment).

(Hardware configuration)
Note that the block diagram used to explain the above embodiments shows blocks in functional units. These functional blocks (components) are realized by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Furthermore, the method of implementing each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block may be realized using one physically or logically coupled device, or may be realized using two or more physically or logically separated devices directly or indirectly (e.g. , wired, wireless, etc.) and may be realized using a plurality of these devices. The functional block may be realized by combining software with the one device or the plurality of devices.

Here, functions include judgment, decision, judgement, calculation, calculation, processing, derivation, investigation, exploration, confirmation, reception, transmission, output, access, solution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, and consideration. , broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, etc. Not limited. For example, a functional block (configuration unit) that performs transmission may be called a transmitting unit, a transmitter, or the like. In either case, as described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in an embodiment of the present disclosure may function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment. The base station 10 and user terminal 20 described above may be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc. .

Note that in this disclosure, words such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, unit, etc. can be read interchangeably. The hardware configuration of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of each device shown in the figure, or may be configured not to include some of the devices.

For example, although only one processor 1001 is illustrated, there may be multiple processors. Also, the processing may be performed by one processor, or the processing may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or using other techniques. Note that the processor 1001 may be implemented using one or more chips.

Each function in the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 is performed by, for example, loading predetermined software (program) onto hardware such as a processor 1001 and a memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and communicates via the communication device 1004. This is achieved by controlling at least one of reading and writing data in the memory 1002 and storage 1003.

The processor 1001, for example, operates an operating system to control the entire computer. The processor 1001 may be configured by a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic unit, registers, and the like. For example, at least a portion of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220), etc. may be realized by the processor 1001.

Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program codes), software modules, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and executes various processes in accordance with these. As the program, a program that causes a computer to execute at least part of the operations described in the above embodiments is used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) may be realized by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001, and other functional blocks may also be realized in the same way.

The memory 1002 is a computer-readable recording medium, and includes at least one of Read Only Memory (ROM), Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically EPROM (EEPROM), Random Access Memory (RAM), and other suitable storage media. It may be composed of one. Memory 1002 may be called a register, cache, main memory, or the like. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, and the like to implement a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The storage 1003 is a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disk, a floppy (registered trademark) disk, a magneto-optical disk (for example, a compact disk (CD-ROM), etc.), a digital versatile disk, removable disk, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), magnetic stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium. It may be configured by Storage 1003 may also be called an auxiliary storage device.

The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmission/reception device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network card, communication module, etc., for example. The communication device 1004 includes, for example, a high frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. in order to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD). It may be configured to include. For example, the above-described transmitting/receiving unit 120 (220), transmitting/receiving antenna 130 (230), etc. may be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmitter/receiver 120 (220) may be physically or logically separated into a transmitter 120a (220a) and a receiver 120b (220b).

The input device 1005 is an input device (eg, keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.) that accepts input from the outside. The output device 1006 is an output device (for example, a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.) that performs output to the outside. Note that the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may have an integrated configuration (for example, a touch panel).

Further, each device such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 is connected by a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured using a single bus, or may be configured using different buses for each device.

The base station 10 and user terminal 20 also include a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc. It may be configured to include hardware, and a part or all of each functional block may be realized using the hardware. For example, processor 1001 may be implemented using at least one of these hardwares.

(Modified example)
Note that terms explained in this disclosure and terms necessary for understanding this disclosure may be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol and signal may be interchanged. Also, the signal may be a message. The reference signal may also be abbreviated as RS, and may be called a pilot, pilot signal, etc. depending on the applicable standard. Further, a component carrier (CC) may be called a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, or the like.

A radio frame may be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a radio frame may be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe may be composed of one or more slots in the time domain. A subframe may have a fixed time length (eg, 1 ms) that does not depend on numerology.

Here, the numerology may be a communication parameter applied to at least one of transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. Numerology includes, for example, subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, and radio frame structure. , a specific filtering process performed by the transceiver in the frequency domain, a specific windowing process performed by the transceiver in the time domain, etc.

A slot may be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. Furthermore, a slot may be a time unit based on numerology.

A slot may include multiple mini-slots. Each minislot may be made up of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-slot may also be called a sub-slot. A minislot may be made up of fewer symbols than a slot. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in time units larger than minislots may be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using minislots may be referred to as PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

Radio frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols all represent time units when transmitting signals. Other names may be used for the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, and symbol. Note that time units such as frames, subframes, slots, minislots, and symbols in the present disclosure may be read interchangeably.

For example, one subframe may be called a TTI, a plurality of consecutive subframes may be called a TTI, and one slot or one minislot may be called a TTI. In other words, at least one of the subframe and TTI may be a subframe (1ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1ms (for example, 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. It may be. Note that the unit representing the TTI may be called a slot, minislot, etc. instead of a subframe.

Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in the LTE system, a base station performs scheduling to allocate radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used by each user terminal) to each user terminal on a TTI basis. Note that the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

The TTI may be a transmission time unit of a channel-coded data packet (transport block), a code block, a codeword, etc., or may be a processing unit of scheduling, link adaptation, etc. Note that when a TTI is given, the time interval (for example, the number of symbols) to which transport blocks, code blocks, code words, etc. are actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

Note that when one slot or one minislot is called a TTI, one or more TTIs (that is, one or more slots or one or more minislots) may be the minimum time unit for scheduling. Further, the number of slots (minislot number) that constitutes the minimum time unit of the scheduling may be controlled.

A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may be called a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel. 8-12), normal TTI, long TTI, normal subframe, normal subframe, long subframe, slot, etc. A TTI that is shorter than the normal TTI may be referred to as an abbreviated TTI, short TTI, partial or fractional TTI, shortened subframe, short subframe, minislot, subslot, slot, etc.

Note that long TTI (for example, normal TTI, subframe, etc.) may be read as TTI with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and short TTI (for example, short TTI, etc.) It may also be read as a TTI having the above TTI length.

A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and frequency domain, and may include one or more continuous subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be the same regardless of the numerology, and may be 12, for example. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may be determined based on numerology.

Additionally, an RB may include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may have a length of one slot, one minislot, one subframe, or one TTI. One TTI, one subframe, etc. may each be composed of one or more resource blocks.

Note that one or more RBs include a physical resource block (Physical RB (PRB)), a sub-carrier group (SCG), a resource element group (REG), a PRB pair, and an RB. They may also be called pairs.

Additionally, a resource block may be configured by one or more resource elements (REs). For example, 1 RE may be a radio resource region of 1 subcarrier and 1 symbol.

Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also called partial bandwidth, etc.) refers to a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RB) for a certain numerology in a certain carrier. Good too. Here, the common RB may be specified by an RB index based on a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may be defined in a BWP and numbered within that BWP.

BWP may include UL BWP (BWP for UL) and DL BWP (BWP for DL). One or more BWPs may be configured within one carrier for a UE.

At least one of the configured BWPs may be active and the UE may not expect to transmit or receive a given signal/channel outside of the active BWP. Note that "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may be replaced with "BWP".

Note that the structures of the radio frame, subframe, slot, minislot, symbol, etc. described above are merely examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of slots per subframe or radio frame, the number of minislots included in a slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a slot or minislot, the number of symbols included in an RB, The number of subcarriers, the number of symbols within a TTI, the symbol length, the cyclic prefix (CP) length, and other configurations can be changed in various ways.

In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in this disclosure may be expressed using absolute values, relative values from a predetermined value, or using other corresponding information. may be expressed. For example, radio resources may be indicated by a predetermined index.

The names used for parameters and the like in this disclosure are not limiting in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical formulas etc. using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Since the various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable designation, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not in any way exclusive designations. .

The information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be referred to throughout the above description, may refer to voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any of these. It may also be represented by a combination of

Additionally, information, signals, etc. may be output from the upper layer to the lower layer and from the lower layer to at least one of the upper layer. Information, signals, etc. may be input and output via multiple network nodes.

Input/output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (for example, memory) or may be managed using a management table. Information, signals, etc. that are input and output can be overwritten, updated, or added. The output information, signals, etc. may be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. may be transmitted to other devices.

Notification of information is not limited to the aspects/embodiments described in this disclosure, and may be performed using other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may be physical layer signaling (e.g., Downlink Control Information (DCI), Uplink Control Information (UCI)), upper layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or a combination thereof It may be carried out by

Note that the physical layer signaling may also be called Layer 1/Layer 2 (L1/L2) control information (L1/L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. Further, RRC signaling may be called an RRC message, and may be, for example, an RRC Connection Setup message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, or the like. Further, MAC signaling may be notified using, for example, a MAC Control Element (CE).

Further, notification of prescribed information (for example, notification of "X") is not limited to explicit notification, but may be made implicitly (for example, by not notifying the prescribed information or by providing other information) (by notification).

The determination may be made by a value expressed by 1 bit (0 or 1), or by a boolean value expressed by true or false. , may be performed by numerical comparison (for example, comparison with a predetermined value).

Software includes instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or by any other name. , should be broadly construed to mean an application, software application, software package, routine, subroutine, object, executable, thread of execution, procedure, function, etc.

Additionally, software, instructions, information, etc. may be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, if the software uses wired technology (such as coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and/or wireless technology (such as infrared, microwave, etc.) to , a server, or other remote source, these wired and/or wireless technologies are included within the definition of a transmission medium.

The terms "system" and "network" used in this disclosure may be used interchangeably. "Network" may refer to devices (eg, base stations) included in the network.

In this disclosure, "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "quasi-co-location (QCL)", "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "space "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "number of layers", Terms such as "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" are interchangeable. can be used.

In the present disclosure, "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless base station", "Fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission/Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel" , "cell," "sector," "cell group," "carrier," "component carrier," and the like may be used interchangeably. A base station is sometimes referred to by terms such as macrocell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell.

A base station can accommodate one or more (eg, three) cells. If a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of the base station can be partitioned into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area is connected to a base station subsystem (e.g., an indoor small base station (Remote Radio Communication services can also be provided by the Head (RRH)). The term "cell" or "sector" refers to part or all of the coverage area of a base station and/or base station subsystem that provides communication services in this coverage.

In the present disclosure, a base station transmitting information to a terminal may be interchanged with the base station instructing the terminal to control/operate based on the information.

In this disclosure, terms such as "Mobile Station (MS)," "user terminal," "User Equipment (UE)," and "terminal" are used interchangeably. can be done.

A mobile station is a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal. , handset, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable terminology.

At least one of a base station and a mobile station may be called a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, or the like.

The moving body refers to a movable object, and the moving speed is arbitrary, and naturally includes cases where the moving body is stopped. The mobile objects include, for example, vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, motorcycles, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, carts, rickshaws, and ships (ships and other watercraft). , including, but not limited to, airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multicopters, quadcopters, balloons, and items mounted thereon. Furthermore, the mobile object may be a mobile object that autonomously travels based on a travel command.

The moving object may be a vehicle (for example, a car, an airplane, etc.), an unmanned moving object (for example, a drone, a self-driving car, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). ). Note that at least one of the base station and the mobile station includes devices that do not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (current sensor 50, (including a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service section 59, and a communication module 60. Be prepared.

The drive unit 41 is composed of, for example, at least one of an engine, a motor, and a hybrid of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 includes at least a steering wheel (also referred to as a steering wheel), and is configured to steer at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

The electronic control unit 49 includes a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input/output (IO) port) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control section 49 may be called an electronic control unit (ECU).

The signals from the various sensors 50 to 58 include a current signal from the current sensor 50 that senses the current of the motor, a rotation speed signal of the front wheel 46/rear wheel 47 obtained by the rotation speed sensor 51, and a signal obtained by the air pressure sensor 52. air pressure signal of the front wheels 46/rear wheels 47, a vehicle speed signal acquired by the vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal acquired by the acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of the accelerator pedal 43 acquired by the accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever 45 operation signal obtained by the shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. There are signals etc.

The information service department 59 includes various devices such as car navigation systems, audio systems, speakers, displays, televisions, and radios that provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and these devices. It consists of one or more ECUs that control the The information service unit 59 provides various information/services (for example, multimedia information/multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40 using information acquired from an external device via the communication module 60 or the like.

The information service unit 59 may include an input device (for example, a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, a touch panel, etc.) that accepts input from the outside, and an output device that performs output to the outside (for example, display, speaker, LED lamp, touch panel, etc.).

The driving support system unit 64 includes millimeter wave radar, Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), a camera, a positioning locator (for example, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), etc.), and map information (for example, High Definition (HD)). maps, autonomous vehicle (AV) maps, etc.), gyro systems (e.g., inertial measurement units (IMUs), inertial navigation systems (INS), etc.), artificial intelligence ( Artificial Intelligence (AI) chips, AI processors, and other devices that provide functions to prevent accidents and reduce the driver's driving burden, as well as one or more devices that control these devices. It consists of an ECU. Further, the driving support system section 64 transmits and receives various information via the communication module 60, and realizes a driving support function or an automatic driving function.

The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 communicates via the communication port 63 with a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, which are included in the vehicle 40. Data (information) is transmitted and received between the axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and various sensors 50-58.

The communication module 60 is a communication device that can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and can communicate with external devices. For example, various information is transmitted and received with an external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 may be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device may be, for example, the base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. described above. Further, the communication module 60 may be, for example, at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above (it may function as at least one of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20).

The communication module 60 receives signals from the various sensors 50 to 58 described above that are input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. At least one of the information based on the information may be transmitted to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, various sensors 50-58, information service unit 59, etc. may be called an input unit that receives input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 may include information based on the above input.

The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device, and displays it on the information service section 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 is an output unit that outputs information (for example, outputs information to devices such as a display and a speaker based on the PDSCH (or data/information decoded from the PDSCH) received by the communication module 60). may be called.

The communication module 60 also stores various information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. Based on the information stored in the memory 62, the microprocessor 61 controls the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, and left and right rear wheels provided in the vehicle 40. 47, axle 48, various sensors 50-58, etc. may be controlled.

Additionally, the base station in the present disclosure may be replaced by a user terminal. For example, communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced with communication between multiple user terminals (for example, it may be called Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X), etc.). Regarding the configuration, each aspect/embodiment of the present disclosure may be applied. In this case, the user terminal 20 may have the functions that the base station 10 described above has. Further, words such as "uplink" and "downlink" may be replaced with words corresponding to inter-terminal communication (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. may be replaced with sidelink channels.

Similarly, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be replaced with a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may have the functions that the user terminal 20 described above has.

In this disclosure, the operations performed by the base station may be performed by its upper node in some cases. In a network that includes one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal may be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g. It is clear that this can be performed by a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc. (though not limited thereto), or a combination thereof.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be used alone, in combination, or may be switched and used in accordance with execution. Further, the order of the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc. of each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure may be changed as long as there is no contradiction. For example, the methods described in this disclosure use an example order to present elements of the various steps and are not limited to the particular order presented.

Each aspect/embodiment described in this disclosure includes Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system ( 4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is an integer or decimal number, for example)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802 .11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), and other appropriate wireless communication methods. The present invention may be applied to systems to be used, next-generation systems expanded, modified, created, or defined based on these systems. Furthermore, a combination of multiple systems (for example, a combination of LTE or LTE-A and 5G) may be applied.

As used in this disclosure, the phrase "based on" does not mean "based solely on" unless explicitly stated otherwise. In other words, the phrase "based on" means both "based only on" and "based at least on."

As used in this disclosure, any reference to elements using the designations "first," "second," etc. does not generally limit the amount or order of those elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient way to distinguish between two or more elements. Thus, reference to a first and second element does not imply that only two elements may be employed or that the first element must precede the second element in any way.

The term "determining" as used in this disclosure may encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "judgment" can mean judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up, search, inquiry ( For example, searching in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, etc. may be considered to be "determining."

In addition, "judgment (decision)" includes receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), input (input), output (output), access ( may be considered to be "determining", such as accessing data in memory (eg, accessing data in memory).

In addition, "judgment" is considered to mean "judging" resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. Good too. In other words, "judgment (decision)" may be considered to be "judgment (decision)" of some action.

Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" may be read as "assuming", "expecting", "considering", etc.

The "maximum transmit power" described in this disclosure may mean the maximum value of transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the It may also mean rated UE maximum transmit power).

As used in this disclosure, the terms "connected", "coupled", or any variations thereof refer to any connection or coupling, direct or indirect, between two or more elements. can include the presence of one or more intermediate elements between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The coupling or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connection" may be replaced with "access."

In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, they may be connected using one or more electrical wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as in the radio frequency domain, microwave can be considered to be "connected" or "coupled" to each other using electromagnetic energy having wavelengths in the light (both visible and invisible) range.

In the present disclosure, the term "A and B are different" may mean "A and B are different from each other." Note that the term may also mean that "A and B are each different from C". Terms such as "separate" and "coupled" may also be interpreted similarly to "different."

Where "include", "including" and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms are inclusive, as is the term "comprising". It is intended that Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure is not intended to be exclusive or.

In this disclosure, when articles are added by translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the present disclosure may include that the nouns following these articles are plural.

In the present disclosure, "less than or equal to", "less than", "more than", "more than", "equal to", etc. may be read interchangeably. In addition, in the present disclosure, words meaning "good", "bad", "large", "small", "high", "low", "early", "slow", etc. may be read interchangeably. (Not limited to original, comparative, and superlative). In addition, in this disclosure, words meaning "good", "bad", "large", "small", "high", "low", "early", "slow", etc. are replaced with "i-th". They may be interchanged as expressions (not limited to the original, comparative, and superlative) (for example, "the highest" may be interchanged with "the i-th highest").

In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with", etc. are used to refer to each other. It may be read differently.

Although the invention according to the present disclosure has been described in detail above, it is clear for those skilled in the art that the invention according to the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The invention according to the present disclosure can be implemented as modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as determined based on the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustrative explanation and does not have any limiting meaning on the invention according to the present disclosure.

Claims (6)

1. a receiving unit that receives a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal;
   a control unit that controls transmission of the beam information based on the request,
   The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable.
2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the beam information is transmitted after a response signal is transmitted in response to the request.
3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the beam information is included in a response signal to the request.
4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein the beam direction includes information regarding an azimuth angle and information regarding an elevation angle.
5. receiving a request for beam information for positioning regarding the location of the terminal;
   controlling the transmission of the beam information based on the request;
   The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable.
6. a transmitting unit that transmits a request regarding beam information for positioning regarding the position of the terminal;
   a control unit that controls reception of the beam information based on the request;
   The beam information includes information indicating the beam direction of the reference signal, information indicating the power for each angle, information regarding the antenna reference point, information regarding the number of antenna ports, information regarding the reference signal transmitted using the same spatial domain filter, and information regarding an area to which the beam information is applicable.

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