WO2024028442A1 - Système photovoltaïque à fonction de désactivation de sécurité - Google Patents

Système photovoltaïque à fonction de désactivation de sécurité Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024028442A1
WO2024028442A1 PCT/EP2023/071563 EP2023071563W WO2024028442A1 WO 2024028442 A1 WO2024028442 A1 WO 2024028442A1 EP 2023071563 W EP2023071563 W EP 2023071563W WO 2024028442 A1 WO2024028442 A1 WO 2024028442A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
photovoltaic system
shutdown
input
switch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/071563
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Wegener
Dirk FIRMENICH
Original Assignee
Sma Solar Technology Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sma Solar Technology Ag filed Critical Sma Solar Technology Ag
Publication of WO2024028442A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024028442A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a photovoltaic system comprising a plurality of substrings of photovoltaic modules and a plurality of shutdown devices, with which it can be ensured that voltages or voltage differences in such a system do not exceed a danger limit if a danger to people or property exists or may exist .
  • a photovoltaic power generation system must have a rapid shutdown function and the voltage between the conductors within the PV system and between the conductors and ground must not exceed 80 volts after shutdown.
  • This quick switch-off function must be provided for each individual PV module. Therefore, shutdown systems assigned to each PV module, so-called MLPE (Module Level Panel Electronics), can be used to interrupt the DC connection and fulfill the security code.
  • MLPE Mode Level Panel Electronics
  • this type of safety device for a PV system comes with some disadvantages. For example, checking entire strings of several PV modules is impossible or can only be achieved with considerable additional safety-related effort.
  • switching devices and Connecting elements are necessary for a PV system, which is associated with an increased susceptibility to errors and a correspondingly high installation, maintenance and cost effort.
  • a photovoltaic system comprises a plurality of substrings, which are formed from a plurality of photovoltaic modules connected in series, and a plurality of shutdown devices.
  • the shutdown devices include a power semiconductor switch, a switch driver, a switched-mode power supply and a microcontroller, whereby the photovoltaic system bundles the current via a DC line string and enables an electrical connection to an inverter arranged further along the DC line line.
  • the majority of shutdown devices are connected in series with one another via the DC wiring harness.
  • Partial strings are formed from PV modules connected in series, each of which is connected to the DC line harness via an input of one of the shutdown devices.
  • the maximum voltage of a substring is less than a predetermined danger limit.
  • the shutdown device is set up to separate a partial string from the DC line harness after receiving a shutdown signal using the power semiconductor switch.
  • the substrings each have a number of modules that are configured in such a way that the open-circuit voltage of each substring has a value that does not exceed a danger limit determined by law, for example.
  • the shutdown device causes the electrical connection between the sub-strings and the DC line harness to be severed, so that voltages or voltage differences in the electrical connections between an inverter and the sub-strings can no longer exceed the danger limit.
  • Such a danger limit can have a different, prescribed value from region to region, which usually results from safety standards for the operation of such Photovoltaic systems result, or can be derived from them. It is particularly preferred that the maximum voltage of the substring is less than 165 V. This value is derived from the US safety standard LIL3741 for the safety of firefighters when working with PV systems and meets the NEC2017/2020 standards as an alternative to the otherwise required individual module level shutdown systems (MLPE), which are designed to reduce the voltages between all Conductors within an array of PV modules and between the conductors and ground to below 80 V within 30 s. However, the solution according to the invention does not lead to real load separation.
  • MLPE individual module level shutdown systems
  • Limiting the maximum voltage of the sub-strings to a value of less than 165 V means that in the event of danger, for firefighters in the required protective clothing, body currents generated by contact with live parts do not exceed a value of around 40 mA, which is considered harmless .
  • the shutdown device according to the invention therefore meets the US safety standard UL 3741 and thus the required safety regulations 690.12(B)(2)/Option (1) of the NEC2017/2020. Similar safety standards are required in other states, which can also be met by an appropriate hazard limit for substring voltages.
  • the switched off state it is also ensured that the voltages or voltage differences occurring in the system do not exceed the danger limit overall. If only part of the shutdown devices or partial strings are switched off, it is possible to continue feeding electrical power into a network using an inverter at a lower voltage level of the generator. In this case, in order to feed it into the network, it may be necessary to first convert the generator voltage to a sufficiently high DC voltage using a step-up converter. For example, it can be achieved in this way that the feed can be continued if longer maintenance work has to be carried out in the area of the generator, since a risk for the people carrying out the maintenance can be sufficiently reduced by reducing the generator voltage.
  • the photovoltaic system comprises at least three substrings. It is further preferred that a substring consists of three photovoltaic modules connected in series. With this version, three standard PV modules (e.g. PV module made of 60 individual solar cells) can be most effectively integrated into the substring. In addition, such a division makes it easier to assemble and distribute the substrings in complicated roof geometries.
  • the total generator voltage at the optimal operating point of the generator has a value greater than the peak voltage of the network (e.g. up to 600 V), which makes it possible to feed into a network without using a step-up converter in an inverter.
  • the open-circuit voltage of the individual substrings can remain below the danger limit specified above.
  • the shutdown device has a positive input and a negative input on the input side, to which the substring of series-connected PV modules is connected.
  • the shutdown device On the output side, the shutdown device has a positive output and a negative output, which are connected to the DC line harness, with the power semiconductor switch being arranged between the input side and the output side, which is designed to disconnect the connection between input and output. In this way, it is possible to activate the output voltage of a substring with an open-circuit voltage up to the danger limit, i.e. preferably 165 V.
  • a bypass diode is arranged between the positive output and the negative output of the shutdown device. This makes it possible that if a circuit breaker fails or a substring assigned to the shutdown device is shaded, not the entire string is switched off. The generator voltage of the other sub-strings is maintained via the DC line harness and the bypass diode, so that the remaining generator current can be routed through the affected shutdown device.
  • a switching power supply for generating an operating voltage for the microcontroller and the driver of the power semiconductor switch is arranged between the positive input and the negative input of the shutdown device, which is supplied via the voltage of the PV substring.
  • the switch-off signal is provided by means of a high-frequency signal (PLC communication) modulated onto the DC supply line and that the switch-off device has an RLC resonant circuit for decoupling the signal and a line for transmitting the signal to the microcontroller.
  • PLC communication high-frequency signal
  • the microcontroller acts as a control device and controls the shutdown depending on the presence of a signal that is assigned to a dangerous situation.
  • This signal can be generated by an inverter itself, for example when the inverter detects an island grid situation. However, it can also be generated outside the inverter and transmitted to the control device by means of an electrical control line, a radio connection, or preferably by means of a transmission via the existing DC or AC voltage lines.
  • the signal is formed by a standardized stay-alive signal, so that a loss of the signal causes the switching element to switch and the substring to be separated from the DC line strand.
  • the switching power supply is formed by a DC/DC converter and is arranged together with the microcontroller and the switch driver as a combination block in the shutdown device.
  • the switches of the individual shutdown devices for the different substrings can be controlled via the control device (microcontroller and switch driver) in such a way that they establish an electrical connection between adjacent substrings in an operating state of the photovoltaic system and, in a potentially dangerous state, disconnect this connection.
  • the switches can be mechanical switches, for example relays, or semiconductors, in particular power semiconductors such as MOSFETs, IGBTs or thyristors.
  • the power semiconductor switch is particularly preferably formed by a MOSFET switch. In order to be able to switch the increased loads caused by the use of substrings compared to individual modules, it is preferred that the switches have a current carrying capacity of have at least 20 A. MOSFET switches from the 200 V class are particularly preferred.
  • an arrangement of a shutdown device with a substring of three PV modules is provided, the positive input of the shutdown device being connected to the input of a first PV module, the output of the first PV module being connected to the input of the third PV module.
  • Module, the output of the third PV module is connected to the input of the second PV module and the output of the second PV module is connected to the negative input of the shutdown device.
  • the first, second and third PV modules are to be understood in the sense that the three PV modules are arranged spatially one after the other, with the first PV module being at the shortest spatial distance from the switch-off device, while the third PV module is located at the furthest distance from the shutdown device and the second PV module is arranged between the first PV module and the third PV module.
  • connection cables provided on standard modules and their connectors can be used without further extensions or additional connectors, which further significantly reduces the material, installation and cost expenditure and, in particular in comparison to MLPE solutions, results in a reduced number of connections and thus a allows for easier and more cost-effective installation.
  • a photovoltaic system according to the invention comprises partial strings and shutdown devices that are arranged and connected in the manner described.
  • the invention further comprises a power generation system with a photovoltaic system according to the invention and an inverter, the inverter being connected on its DC voltage side to the photovoltaic system via connection points (DC+, DC-) via the DC cable harness and on its AC voltage side with a network for feeding electrical power into the network is connected.
  • a power generation system with a photovoltaic system according to the invention and an inverter, the inverter being connected on its DC voltage side to the photovoltaic system via connection points (DC+, DC-) via the DC cable harness and on its AC voltage side with a network for feeding electrical power into the network is connected.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a shutdown device according to the invention as a block diagram
  • Fig. 2a shows an interconnection of a device for the safety shutdown of a photovoltaic system at module level according to the prior art
  • Fig. 2b shows an interconnection of a device according to the invention for safety shutdown.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a shutdown device according to the invention as a block diagram. In particular, part of a structure according to the invention of a photovoltaic system with a PV generator is shown, the PV generator being divided into several substrings 10. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a substring 10 consists of three PV modules 10a, 10b and 10c, which are connected in series. Furthermore, the schematic connection of a shutdown device 12 is shown. This circuit diagram only shows a few essential components, based on which the functionality of the shutdown device 12 will be explained below. Of course, this connection does not represent a claim to the completeness of a technical drawing or even a product data sheet.
  • the PV system is usually connected to a DC voltage side of an inverter (not shown), which can be connected to a network on the AC voltage side, for example a public AC voltage network or a house network.
  • the connection to the generator takes place via a DC line harness 13.
  • the DC line strand 13 functions as a busbar and extends from a positive DC+ connection point of an inverter to a first shutdown device 12 and via further shutdown devices 12 connected in series with the first shutdown device 12 to a negative connection point DC- of the inverter.
  • the total voltage of the generator results from the sum of the input voltages of the individual substrings 10 connected together in the generator.
  • the shutdown device 12 has a positive input 14 and a negative input 15 on the input side, to which the substring 10 of series-connected PV modules 10a, 10b, 10c is connected.
  • the shutdown device 12 On the output side, the shutdown device 12 has a positive output 16 and a negative output 17, which are connected to the DC line harness 13, the power semiconductor switch 18 (hereinafter referred to as switch) being arranged in the connection between the positive input 14 and the positive output 16 , which is set up to separate the connection between input 14 and output 16.
  • switch the power semiconductor switch 18
  • the switch 18 is controlled via a control device 20 in such a way that, during normal operation of the PV system, the substring 10 is connected in series with other substrings 10 via the DC line strand 13.
  • the control device 20 controls the switch 18 in such a way that it disconnects the electrical connection of the two sub-strings 10 with the DC line strand 13. In this way it is achieved that the voltages, or voltage differences, in the supply lines are significantly reduced, especially with appropriate design of the substring 10 it can be ruled out that a voltage or voltage difference that is dangerous to humans when touched occurs in the electrical connections of the generator.
  • This design is essentially achieved in that the maximum voltage Umax that can be generated by the substring 10, and which is accordingly present on the input side of the shutdown device 12 between the positive input 14 and the negative input 15, does not exceed a certain danger limit.
  • This danger limit is preferably limited to 165 V, but can also be chosen differently depending on the required safety standard.
  • the switch 18 can be formed by a mechanical switch, for example a relay, or semiconductors, in particular power semiconductors such as MOSFETs, IGBTs or thyristors. IGBT or MOSFET switches can preferably be used as silicon or silicon carbide switches. In the particularly preferred exemplary embodiment shown, the switch 18 is formed by a power semiconductor switch, in particular a MOSFET switch 18. In order to be able to switch the loads that are increased by using partial strings compared to individual modules, it is preferred that the MOSFET switch 18 has a current carrying capacity of at least 20 A, preferably 25 A, and can switch up to 200 V.
  • a bypass diode 22 can preferably be arranged between the output lines of the shutdown device 12.
  • the string current of the remaining, non-separated substrings 10 is conducted via the DC line harness 13 and the bypass diode 22 of the shutdown device 12.
  • an inverter can have a step-up converter in order to be able to provide a sufficiently high voltage to feed power into the network. In this way it is achieved that at least parts of the photovoltaic system can be placed in a touch-safe state without having to completely stop the operation of the system.
  • the control device 20 is preferably formed by a microcontroller pC, which controls the driver of the switch 18.
  • the microcontroller pC is connected to a signal generator 24 by means of a control line 23.
  • the signal generator 24 can be an emergency stop switch or a monitoring component of an inverter.
  • the signal sent via the control line 23 is assigned to a dangerous situation and triggers a corresponding activation of the switch 18 by the control device 20.
  • the signal generator 24 itself can be arranged outside the shutdown device 12 and can be formed, for example, by a manual emergency stop switch, or can be generated in the inverter.
  • the portion of the signal generator 24 within the shutdown device 12 is formed in the exemplary embodiment shown by a decoupling element, for example an RLC resonant circuit, which can decouple a shutdown signal that is provided by means of a high-frequency signal (PLC communication) modulated onto the DC supply line.
  • a decoupling element for example an RLC resonant circuit
  • PLC communication high-frequency signal
  • This signal can preferably be formed by a stay-alive signal, so that the absence of the signal due to an operating error, such as a fire, always results in the substring 10 being activated.
  • a switching power supply 25 is preferably arranged, which is supplied via the voltage of the PV substring 10 and which provides an operating voltage for the microcontroller pC and the driver of the power semiconductor switch 18.
  • the switching power supply 25 includes a DC/DC converter which converts the voltage of the substring 10 provided at the input 14, 15 into a suitable operating voltage.
  • the switching power supply 25 can also be supplied externally via a supply connection 26, for example from the DC cable harness 13. This is advantageous in order to enable the substring 10 to be restarted smoothly.
  • the switching power supply, microcontroller and switch driver are preferably housed in a common component with its own housing.
  • the shutdown device 12 as a whole is preferably also housed within a housing together with all the components described and has connecting cables with plug connections for connecting the partial string 10 and the DC cable strand 13.
  • Fig. 2a shows an interconnection of six PV modules according to the prior art at the individual module level.
  • the modules 10a to 10f are each assigned a shutdown device 28, which is each designed to reduce voltages between all electrical conductors within the module arrangement to below 80 V within 30 s.
  • Each module is connected to the shutdown device 28 via two connections, each with plug connectors 30.
  • the configuration shown can also represent a section of a PV system with further modules, which are connected in the same way to the DC cable strand 13 shown as an open end and subsequently to an inverter via a positive DC+ connection point and a negative DC connection point - are connected.
  • 2b shows schematically an inventive connection of a protective device of a PV system with ministrings or substrings 10.
  • each shutdown device 12 can have the same components, i.e. switches, signal decouplers, bypass diodes, power supply, control unit/microcontroller, etc., and fulfills the same function as the shutdown device 12 of FIG. 1 viewed in isolation.
  • the substrings 10 are not limited to a combination of three PV modules 10a to 10c. Depending on the dimensions and performance class of the individual PV modules 10a to 10c, a substring can also include fewer or more PV modules.
  • PV modules integrated into roof tiles are available on the market, which are significantly smaller than standard PV modules and therefore generate far less voltage.
  • the decisive factor for the use of the protective device of the PV system according to the invention is therefore only that a substring 10 provides an open-circuit voltage below a certain danger limit, particularly preferably below 165 V. Only by fulfilling this condition is it possible to provide a safety device in accordance with the UL3741 standard , i.e. without the need to provide shutdown devices at module level.
  • voltage-related aspects can determine the number of PV modules in a substring, but also special installation conditions, such as highly segmented roofs, for example with dormers and ridges.
  • the shutdown devices 12 comprise a compact housing and each have a positive and a negative connection on the input and output sides. As a rule, these contact points are formed by connecting cables that are permanently installed on the housing and have a plug connection at the open end. Accordingly, PV modules are usually equipped with a positive and a negative contact point, which are formed by a connecting cable with a plug connector 30 that is firmly connected to the housing of the PV module.
  • the DC line harness 13 is routed over all the shutdown devices 12, whereby they are connected in series. All substrings 10 are also connected in series via the closed switches 18 of the respective shutdown devices 12. When a shutdown device 12 receives a shutdown signal, as described in the discussion of FIG. 1, the relevant substring 10 is enabled by means of the switch 18 and no longer contributes to the generator voltage.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown is not limited to a PV system with two substrings 10.
  • the configuration shown can also represent a section of a PV system with even further substrings 10, which in the same way connect to the DC cable harness 13 shown as an open end, which is subsequently connected to an inverter via a positive DC+ connection point and a negative one DC connection point is connected.
  • the DC cable harness 13 shown as an open end which is subsequently connected to an inverter via a positive DC+ connection point and a negative one DC connection point is connected.
  • a generator voltage of up to 600 V as is common in small-scale generation systems, for example on private house roofs
  • no additional safety measures are required for the other lines leading to the outside.
  • additional safety measures would be necessary for the cables leading to the outside, for example through shielded cable ducts.
  • Fig. 2b also shows an advantageous wiring of the individual PV modules within the substrings 10 and with the shutdown device 12, which uses a minimal number of plug connectors and no additional extension/connecting cables in addition to the connection cables integrated in the PV modules.
  • a substring 10 is formed by the series connection of a first PV module 10a, a second PV module 10b and a third PV module 10c. These are arranged spatially one after the other, with the first PV module 10a located at the shortest spatial distance from the shutdown device 12, while the third PV module 10c is located at the furthest distance from the shutdown device 12 and the second PV module 10b between the first PV -Module 10a and the third PV module 10c is arranged.
  • the positive input 14 of the shutdown device 12 is connected to the input of the first PV module 10a
  • the output of the first PV module 10a is connected to the input of the third PV module 10c
  • the output of the third PV module 10c is connected to the The input of the second PV module 10b and the output of the second PV module 10b are connected to the negative input 15 of the shutdown device 12.

Landscapes

  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système photovoltaïque comprenant une pluralité de sous-chaînes (10) de modules photovoltaïques (10a), (10b), (10c) connectés en série et une pluralité de dispositifs d'arrêt (12). Les dispositifs d'arrêt (12) comprennent un commutateur à semi-conducteur de puissance (18), un circuit d'attaque de commutateur, une alimentation à découpage (25) et un microcontrôleur. Le système photovoltaïque regroupe le courant par l'intermédiaire d'un fil de câblage CC (13) et permet une connexion à des onduleurs de puissance. La pluralité de dispositifs d'arrêt (12) sont connectés en série par l'intermédiaire du fil de câblage CC (13), et chacune des sous-chaînes (10) est connectée au fil de câblage CC (13) par l'intermédiaire d'une entrée (14), (15) de l'un des dispositifs d'arrêt (12). La tension maximale Umax d'une sous-chaîne (10) est inférieure à un seuil de danger spécifié. Le dispositif d'arrêt (12) est conçu pour séparer une sous-chaîne (10) du fil de câblage CC (13) après avoir reçu un signal d'arrêt au moyen du commutateur à semi-conducteur de puissance (18). L'invention concerne en outre un ensemble comprenant un dispositif d'arrêt (12) et une sous-chaîne (10) ainsi qu'un système de production d'énergie.
PCT/EP2023/071563 2022-08-04 2023-08-03 Système photovoltaïque à fonction de désactivation de sécurité WO2024028442A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022119559.7 2022-08-04
DE102022119559.7A DE102022119559A1 (de) 2022-08-04 2022-08-04 Photovoltaikanlage mit sicherheitsabschaltung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024028442A1 true WO2024028442A1 (fr) 2024-02-08

Family

ID=87571157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/071563 WO2024028442A1 (fr) 2022-08-04 2023-08-03 Système photovoltaïque à fonction de désactivation de sécurité

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102022119559A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2024028442A1 (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130320778A1 (en) * 2011-02-02 2013-12-05 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protective Device for a Photovoltaic System
US20180040745A9 (en) * 2009-10-19 2018-02-08 Helios Focus Llc Solar Photovaltaic Module Rapid Shutdown and Safety System
US20190363200A1 (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-11-28 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Photovoltaic System, Direct Current Hybrid Switching Device, Use and Method for Switching a Photovoltaic String On and Off

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010078303A2 (fr) 2008-12-29 2010-07-08 Atonometrics, Inc. Système d'arrêt de sécurité électrique et dispositifs pour modules photovoltaïques
DE102013101314A1 (de) 2013-02-11 2014-08-14 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Sichere Photovoltaik-Anlage
CN205792450U (zh) 2016-07-07 2016-12-07 中国华电科工集团有限公司 一种光伏组件串
CN113489057A (zh) 2021-07-06 2021-10-08 阳光新能源开发有限公司 一种光伏系统、光伏组串接线方法及装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180040745A9 (en) * 2009-10-19 2018-02-08 Helios Focus Llc Solar Photovaltaic Module Rapid Shutdown and Safety System
US20130320778A1 (en) * 2011-02-02 2013-12-05 Sma Solar Technology Ag Protective Device for a Photovoltaic System
US20190363200A1 (en) * 2016-09-12 2019-11-28 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Photovoltaic System, Direct Current Hybrid Switching Device, Use and Method for Switching a Photovoltaic String On and Off

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102022119559A1 (de) 2024-02-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2567405B1 (fr) Procédé pour limiter la tension de générateur d'une installation photovoltaïque en cas de danger et installation photovoltaïque correspondante
EP3406029B1 (fr) Dispositif de séparation pour une chaîne photovoltaïque, installation solaire et procédé de fonctionnement pour installation solaire à chaîne photovoltaïque
EP2745327B1 (fr) Boîte de connexions pour un panneau solaire, pourvue d'un circuit de protection
WO2018046653A1 (fr) Système photovoltaïque, dispositif de commutation hybride de courant continu, utilisation et procédé pour la connexion et la déconnexion d'une chaîne photovoltaïque
EP2168173A2 (fr) Installation photovoltaïque
DE102016116128A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Integration eines elektrischen Elements in eine elektrische Schaltung unter Last
EP2815434B1 (fr) Mise hors circuit de modules solaires
DE102016117049A1 (de) Multistrang-Photovoltaik-Anlage, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen und Rückstromschutzschaltung für eine solche
DE102010026778A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur Bereitstellung einer Eingangsgleichspannung für einen Photovol taikwechselrichter und Photovoltaikanlage mit dieser
EP2717426A2 (fr) Procédé de fonctionnement d'une source de courant et dispositif destiné à séparer une source de courant d'un consommateur
WO2024028442A1 (fr) Système photovoltaïque à fonction de désactivation de sécurité
EP2456034B1 (fr) Installation photovoltaïque et module photovoltaïque
DE102016100053A1 (de) Solarzellenmodul und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Solarzellenmoduls
EP2498300A1 (fr) Installation photovoltaïque, dispositif de commande et dispositif de commutation
WO2019162254A1 (fr) Agencement d'éléments solaires et procédé de d'interconnexion d'éléments solaires
DE102019203517A1 (de) Verfahren zur Energieversorgung von Verbrauchern eines Bordnetzes für ein Fahrzeug, sowie ein Bordnetz für ein Fahrzeug
LU93202B1 (de) Multistrang-Photovoltaik-Anlage, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen und Rückstromschutzschaltung für eine solche
BE1024328B1 (de) Multistrang-Photovoltaik-Anlage, Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen und Strangabschaltvorrichtung für eine solche
BE1024324B1 (de) Photovoltaik-Anlage, Gleichstrom-Hybrid-Schalteinrichtung, Verwendung und Verfahren zum An-und Abschalten eines Photovoltaik-Strangs
DE202020005945U1 (de) Photovoltaisches Energieerzeugungssystem, Photovoltaikwechselrichter und Gleichstromkombiniererbox
DE102023102455A1 (de) Solarstromerzeugungssystem
WO2014154233A1 (fr) Boîte de jonction pour le raccordement électrique d'une pluralité de générateurs photovoltaïques et installation de production d'énergie photovoltaïque
DE102013112362A1 (de) Photovoltaikanlage sowie Betriebsverfahren und Wechselrichter für eine Photovoltaikanlage
DE102021006499A1 (de) Solarstromerzeugungssystem
DE102023102060A1 (de) Solarstromerzeugungssystem

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 23754187

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1