WO2024027020A1 - 一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法 - Google Patents

一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024027020A1
WO2024027020A1 PCT/CN2022/126030 CN2022126030W WO2024027020A1 WO 2024027020 A1 WO2024027020 A1 WO 2024027020A1 CN 2022126030 W CN2022126030 W CN 2022126030W WO 2024027020 A1 WO2024027020 A1 WO 2024027020A1
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Prior art keywords
rigid
flexible transition
flexible
lifting
transition bus
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PCT/CN2022/126030
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘利科
陈立明
邢彤
张海波
袁远
杨才智
Original Assignee
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司标准计量研究所
中铁检验认证中心有限公司
中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司
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Priority to US18/010,024 priority Critical patent/US20240167856A1/en
Publication of WO2024027020A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024027020A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical fields of tunnels and urban rail transit, and in particular to a rigid-flexible transition bus rigid-flexible characteristic testing device and a testing method thereof.
  • Rigid contact network is an important power supply method for rail transit contact network and is mainly used in tunnels, urban rail transit and other fields.
  • the rigid-flexible transition bus is an important transition component between the rigid catenary and the flexible catenary. Generally, its rigid-flexible characteristics are used to characterize its lift under fixed contact pressure under static conditions, which reflects the relationship between the pantograph on the top of the train and the rigid contact during actual service. Static contact characteristics of flexible transition busbars. During the test process, parameters such as contact pressure and displacement need to be controlled.
  • the rigid-flexible characteristics of rigid-flexible transition busses are mainly tested with reference to "TB/T3252-2022 Electrified Railway Rigid Suspension Catenary Buses and Components".
  • Some use manual testing that is, manually applying a fixed contact pressure and then testing the displacement of the rigid-flexible transition bus. The test efficiency is low and the test accuracy cannot be guaranteed.
  • the loading force method is not flexible and convenient enough, which increases the test workload; second, the testing requires high displacement accuracy, and the displacement measurement accuracy is still unable to be achieved in the existing testing methods.
  • the forward running speed along the rigid-flexible transition busbar also has an important impact on its performance.
  • the rigid-flexible characteristics of rigid-flexible transition confluences are tested manually, and some are tested using mechanical devices.
  • the control accuracy of the applied contact force, tested displacement and other parameters during the test process is not enough, and the rigid contact network,
  • the elastic buffering effect during the contact between the flexible contact network and the pantograph results in certain differences between the test data and the actual service characteristics, affecting the accuracy of the data.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rigid-flexible transition bus rigid-flexible characteristic test device and a test method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the present invention provides a rigid-flexible characteristic test device of a rigid-flexible transition bus, which includes a mobile vehicle that can move along the length extension direction of the rigid-flexible transition bus, and is installed on the mobile vehicle.
  • the telescopic mechanism telescopes in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the telescopic mechanism is connected with a conversion plate that moves in the vertical direction synchronously with it.
  • the conversion plate has A sliding component is installed on the top. The sliding component slides along the rigid-flexible transition busbar with the mobile vehicle.
  • the rigid-flexible transition busbar is located above the sliding component.
  • the sliding component is in contact with the rigid-flexible transition busbar.
  • a force sensor is provided between the telescopic mechanism and the conversion plate for detecting and adjusting the constant lifting force.
  • the conversion plate is provided with a displacement detector for monitoring the vertical distance to the ground. mechanism.
  • an elastic component for buffering lifting force is provided between the telescopic mechanism and the displacement sensor.
  • the bottom end of the elastic component is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the top end of the elastic component is connected to a base for supporting the displacement detection mechanism.
  • the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder.
  • the pneumatic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod arranged on the cylinder body to telescope in a vertical direction.
  • the elastic component is connected to the cylinder body.
  • the telescopic rod A rod is located between the cylinder and the mobile vehicle.
  • the displacement detection mechanism includes a laser rangefinder and a displacement sensor that are both mounted on the conversion plate. Both the laser rangefinder and the displacement sensor are used to measure the distance from the conversion plate to the ground.
  • the displacement sensor includes a base provided on the conversion plate, and the sliding component is installed on the base.
  • the sliding assembly includes a mounting plate arranged on the base, and the mounting plate is provided with a support wheel that abuts on the bottom wall of the rigid-flexible transition busbar.
  • the mobile vehicle includes a vehicle body and a number of pulleys installed at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • the pulleys are movably disposed on the ground.
  • the vehicle body is provided with a motor for driving the pulleys to move at a constant speed.
  • the buffer component is a spring that expands and contracts in the vertical direction.
  • a test method for a rigid-flexible characteristic test device of a rigid-flexible transition bus includes the following steps:
  • the motor and control system are used to control the displacement and speed of the horizontal movement of the mobile vehicle to achieve the purpose of stably testing the lifting amount in the length direction of the rigid-flexible transition bus;
  • the pneumatic cylinder provides upward and smooth contact force to make the support wheel contact the rigid-flexible transition bus, and the spring is used to buffer the relationship between the contact force and the lifting amount, simulating The elasticity of the pantograph itself is tested by the force sensor to measure the lifting force;
  • Measure the distance between the ground and the ground determine the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus through dual calibration of the laser rangefinder and displacement sensor, and eliminate interference from factors such as uneven ground;
  • Measuring the lifting amount Monitor the lifting amount and lifting force data through a laser rangefinder, displacement sensor, and force sensor, and use the control system to regulate the speed of the mobile vehicle, the output of the pneumatic cylinder, etc. to form a closed-loop control with the sensor.
  • the mobile vehicle that can move along the length extension direction of the rigid-flexible transition bus.
  • the mobile vehicle is equipped with a telescopic mechanism that provides a lifting force for the rigid-flexible transition bus.
  • the telescopic mechanism telescopes in the vertical direction, and the top end of the telescopic mechanism is connected
  • There is a conversion plate that moves in the vertical direction synchronously with it.
  • a sliding assembly is installed on the top of the conversion plate. The sliding assembly slides along the rigid-flexible transition bus with the mobile car.
  • the rigid-flexible transition bus is located above the sliding assembly.
  • the sliding assembly is in contact with On the bottom wall of the rigid-flexible transition bus, there is a force sensor between the telescopic mechanism and the conversion plate for detecting and adjusting the constant lifting force.
  • the conversion plate is equipped with a displacement detection mechanism for monitoring the vertical distance to the ground.
  • First by moving The car drives the telescopic mechanism and the sliding component to move along the rigid-flexible transition bus, and makes the sliding component slide against the rigid-flexible transition bus, simulating the contact between the pantograph on the top of the train and the rigid-flexible transition bus.
  • the method of static lifting is used to reflect the deformation of the rigid-flexible transition bus.
  • the invention more realistically restores the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus during actual use, and through the cooperation of the telescopic mechanism and the force sensor , adjust the telescopic amount of the telescopic mechanism and detect the displacement of the force sensor to close-loop control the contact force during lifting. They can automatically regulate each other during the movement.
  • the lifting force control has high precision and stable numerical value, and then outputs stable lifting force through the telescopic mechanism. To test the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus more accurately.
  • the pantograph can be simulated to buffer the rigid-flexible transition bus, avoiding rigid impact, resulting in reduced test errors, and by setting The elastic component can also avoid the impact of large loads and improve the service life of the entire device.
  • the bottom end of the elastic component is connected to the telescopic mechanism, and the top end is connected to a base for supporting the displacement detection mechanism.
  • the base is provided to ensure the load-bearing stability of the elastic component and ensure the effective buffering effect of the elastic component.
  • the base is used to support the displacement sensor to prevent the elastic component from being affected by the structure of the displacement sensor itself.
  • the telescopic mechanism is a pneumatic cylinder.
  • the pneumatic cylinder includes a cylinder body and a telescopic rod arranged on the cylinder body to telescopically extend in the vertical direction.
  • the elastic component is connected to the cylinder body.
  • the telescopic rod is located between the cylinder body and the mobile vehicle. By telescopically The rod is supported between the cylinder and the mobile car to avoid direct contact with the elastic component, so that the setting of the elastic component is limited by the telescopic rod, and then connected to the elastic component through the cylinder, using the cylinder to form a stable and stable elastic component. Effective carrying.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
  • 1-rigid-flexible transition bus 2-sliding component, 3-displacement sensor, 4-conversion plate, 5-force sensor, 6-base, 7-elastic component, 8-telescopic mechanism, 9-mobile car, 10 -Motor, 11-Laser rangefinder.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rigid-flexible transition bus rigid-flexible characteristic test device and a test method thereof to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.
  • the rigid-flexible characteristics of the bus are in contact with each other, and the rigid-flexible characteristics of the rigid-flexible transition bus are more realistically tested in the static state, so as to accurately evaluate the performance of different rigid-flexible transition busses.
  • This embodiment provides a rigid-flexible characteristic test device of a rigid-flexible transition bus, including a mobile vehicle 9 that can move along the length extension direction of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1.
  • the specific mobile vehicle 9 is set on the ground.
  • the mobile vehicle 9 is equipped with a telescopic mechanism 8 that provides a lifting force for the rigid-flexible transition bus 1.
  • the telescopic mechanism 8 telescopes in the vertical direction.
  • the top of the telescopic mechanism 8 is connected to a conversion plate 4 that moves in the vertical direction synchronously with it.
  • the sliding component 2 is installed on the top of the conversion plate 4.
  • the sliding component 2 slides along the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 with the mobile car 9.
  • the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 is located above the sliding component 2.
  • the sliding component 2 is in contact with the rigid-flexible transition bus.
  • the conversion plate 4 is provided with a displacement detection mechanism for monitoring its vertical distance to the ground.
  • the mobile car 9 drives the telescopic mechanism 8 and the sliding component 2 to move along the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, and makes the sliding component 2 slide against the rigid transition bus 1.
  • the contact between the pantograph on the top of the simulated train and the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 is used to reflect the deformation of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 compared to the static lifting method in the prior art.
  • the present invention It more realistically restores the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 during actual use.
  • the lifting force is the actual force measured by the force sensor 5.
  • the magnitude of the lifting force is related to the telescopic mechanism. 8 is related to the elongation amount.
  • the expansion amount of the telescopic mechanism 8 and the displacement of the detection force sensor 5 are adjusted to close-loop control the contact force during lifting. They can automatically regulate each other during the movement.
  • the lifting force control accuracy is high and the value is stable, thus
  • the telescopic mechanism 8 outputs a stable lifting force to test the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 more accurately.
  • each component is preferably arranged along the center facing the mobile vehicle 9 to ensure the stability of the entire device structure.
  • an elastic component 7 for buffering the lifting force is provided between the telescopic mechanism 8 and the displacement sensor 3.
  • the pantograph can be simulated to buffer the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, avoiding rigid impact and reducing test errors.
  • the telescopic mechanism 8 forms a lifting force on the rigid-flexible transition bus 1.
  • an elastic component 7 is added Cushioning to achieve soft contact also simulates the elasticity of the actual catenary.
  • the telescopic mechanism 8 provides upward displacement to lift the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, and the elastic component 7 provides buffering, thereby improving the service life of the entire device.
  • the bottom end of the elastic component 7 is connected to the telescopic mechanism 8, and the top end is connected to a base 6 for supporting the displacement detection mechanism.
  • the base 6 is provided to ensure the bearing stability of the elastic component 7 and ensure that the elastic component 7 It plays an effective buffering role, and supports the displacement sensor 3 through the base 6 to prevent the elastic component 7 from being affected by the structure of the displacement sensor 3 itself.
  • the telescopic mechanism 8 is a pneumatic cylinder.
  • the pneumatic cylinder includes a cylinder and a telescopic rod arranged on the cylinder to telescope in the vertical direction.
  • the elastic component 7 is connected to the cylinder, and the telescopic rod is located between the cylinder and the mobile vehicle 9. , supported between the cylinder and the mobile vehicle 9 by a telescopic rod, to avoid direct contact with the elastic component 7, so that the setting of the elastic component 7 is limited by the telescopic rod, and then connected to the elastic component 7 through the cylinder, using the cylinder
  • the body forms a stable and effective bearing for the elastic component 7 .
  • the displacement detection mechanism includes a laser rangefinder 11 and a displacement sensor 3 that are both arranged on the conversion plate 4.
  • the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3 are both used to measure the distance from the conversion plate 4 to the ground.
  • the laser range finder 11 is used to measure the distance between the adapter plate and the ground
  • the displacement sensor 3 is used to measure the height of the adapter plate from the ground. This is calibrated through the data difference between the laser range finder 11 and the displacement sensor 3
  • the height difference at the location eliminates the influence of ground height differences on the measured lifting data.
  • the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3 mutually calibrate the measured lifting data of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 to ensure the accuracy of the data and high test accuracy. .
  • the preferred laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3 are equipped with a controller.
  • the conversion plate 4 supports the sliding component 2 in real time under the support of the elastic component 7, so that it contacts the sliding component 2.
  • the portion from the conversion plate 4 to the mobile car 9 is provided with an elastic component 7 and a telescopic mechanism 8, which extend or shorten according to the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1.
  • the laser After the distance meter 11 and the displacement sensor 3 detect the distance from the conversion plate 4 to the ground in real time, they can reflect the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, and then transmit the lifting amount signal to the controller to obtain relevant information in real time.
  • the displacement sensor 3 includes a base arranged on the conversion plate 4, and the sliding assembly 2 is installed on the base.
  • the displacement sensor 3 can be placed at the center of the conversion plate 4 to ensure the stability of the entire device.
  • the base of the displacement sensor 3 between the sliding assembly 2 and the conversion plate 4 as a support for the sliding assembly 2, it is avoided that the displacement sensor 3 is arranged on one side of the sliding assembly 2 and its sliding effect on the sliding assembly 2 is avoided. cause impact.
  • the sliding assembly 2 includes a mounting plate arranged on a base.
  • the mounting plate is provided with a support wheel that abuts on the bottom wall of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 to real-timely move along the rigid-flex transition bus. 1 moves.
  • the sliding component 2 is a pantograph sliding plate, which is in contact with the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 to simulate the contact state of the actual pantograph sliding plate.
  • the mobile vehicle 9 includes a vehicle body and a number of pulleys installed at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • the pulleys are movably arranged on the ground.
  • the vehicle body is provided with a motor 10 for driving the pulleys to move at a constant speed.
  • the mobile vehicle 9 is placed On the ground, it can move straight and uniformly along the ground under the action of the motor 10, and by controlling the displacement, speed, etc. of the forward horizontal movement of the mobile vehicle 9, it can adapt to different experiments on rigid-flexible transition manifolds.
  • the buffer component is a spring that telescopes in the vertical direction.
  • the preferred elastic component 7 is a pneumatic cylinder.
  • a spring is installed above the pneumatic cylinder. The spring is used to buffer the upward lifting force of the pneumatic cylinder, so that the pneumatic cylinder slowly exerts the lifting force and maintains it. Buffering effect.
  • test method for a rigid-flexible characteristic testing device of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 which includes the following steps:
  • Driving the mobile vehicle 9 controlling the displacement and speed of the horizontal movement of the mobile vehicle 9 through the motor 10 and the control system to achieve the purpose of stably testing the lifting amount in the length direction of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1;
  • the pneumatic cylinder provides an upward and smooth contact force to make the support wheel contact the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, and the spring is used to buffer the relationship between the contact force and the lifting amount. , simulate the elasticity of the pantograph itself, and test the lifting force through the force sensor 5;
  • Measure the distance between the ground and the ground determine the lifting amount of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1 through double calibration of the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3, and eliminate interference from factors such as uneven ground;
  • Measure the lifting amount monitor the lifting amount and lifting force data through the laser range finder 11, the displacement sensor 3, and the force sensor 5, and use the control system to regulate the speed of the mobile vehicle 9, the output of the pneumatic cylinder, etc. to form a closed loop with the sensors control.
  • the motor 10 and the pneumatic cylinder are first installed on the mobile vehicle 9, and then the spring, base 6, force sensor 5, and adapter plate are installed upwards on the pneumatic cylinder.
  • a laser rangefinder 11 and a displacement sensor 3 are installed on the board at the same time, and a slide plate is installed on the displacement sensor 3. Then the test device is opened, causing the pneumatic cylinder to output displacement, so that the slide plate is in close contact with the rigid-flexible transition bus 1, and the force sensor 5 is used to monitor the lifting force. If the force does not meet the requirements, the actuating cylinder then outputs the displacement to achieve , because of the elastic buffering of the spring, the relationship between the lifting force and the displacement of the actuator is not necessarily linear.
  • the output of the pneumatic cylinder is adjusted in real time to maintain the stability of the lifting force.
  • the data of the force sensor 5 and the pneumatic cylinder form a closed-loop automatic regulation through the control system.
  • record the data of the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3 at this time calibrate the data of the two sensors in the initial state to make them consistent, and then turn on the motor 10 to make the mobile vehicle 9 move forward slowly to control the movement. speed.
  • the data of the force sensor 5 is kept in a stable state through the closed-loop control of the control system, and the closed-loop control is performed in real time through the pneumatic cylinder.
  • the control system monitors the data of the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3 in real time and performs mutual calibration to determine the actual and accurate lifting height data of the rigid-flexible transition bus 1.
  • the present invention conducts tests on the 6m-long rigid-flexible transition bus 1 as a whole.
  • the lifting force is accurately controlled by a pneumatic cylinder and controlled by a dual displacement calibration system (double calibration of the laser rangefinder 11 and the displacement sensor 3).
  • the tested lifting displacement avoids the interference of the ground or base 6 on the lifting data; at the same time, the spring is used to simulate the buffering effect of the pantograph when it comes into contact, which more truly reflects the effect and stiffness and softness of the actual pantograph when it comes into contact with the rigid-flexible transition confluence.
  • the test method and test device are easy to operate, have automatic control and detection, closed-loop control, high control accuracy and good test stability.

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Abstract

一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法，包括可沿刚柔过渡汇流排（1）长度延伸方向移动的移动车（9），移动车（9）上安装有对刚柔过渡汇流排（1）提供抬升力的伸缩机构（8），伸缩机构（8）沿竖直方向伸缩，伸缩机构（8）的顶端连接有与其同步沿竖直方向移动的转换板（4），转换板（4）的顶部安装有滑动组件（2），滑动组件（2）随移动车（9）沿刚柔过渡汇流排（1）滑动，刚柔过渡汇流排（1）位于滑动组件（2）的上方，滑动组件（2）抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排（1）的底壁上，伸缩机构（8）和转换板（4）之间设有用于检测并调节抬升力恒定的力传感器（5），转换板（4）上设有用于监测其至地面垂直距离的位移检测机构（3）。相对于现有技术中通过静态吊重的方式，更加真实的还原了刚柔过渡汇流排（1）在实际使用过程中的抬升量。

Description

一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法 技术领域
本发明涉及隧道、城市轨道交通技术领域，特别是涉及一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法。
背景技术
刚性接触网是轨道交通接触网的重要供电方式，主要应用于隧道、城市轨道交通等领域。刚柔过渡汇流排是刚性接触网与柔性接触网的重要过渡部件，一般通过刚柔特性来表征其在静态下固定接触压力下的抬升量，其反映实际服役过程中列车顶部受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流排静态接触特性。在试验过程中需要控制接触压力、位移等参数。
目前刚柔过渡汇流排的刚柔特性主要参照《TB/T3252-2022电气化铁路刚性悬挂接触网汇流排及零部件》开展其刚柔特性试验。有采用人工测试，即通过人工施加固定的接触压力然后测试刚柔过渡汇流排的位移量，试验效率低，测试精度也无法保障。也有采用机械装置，是通过坠坨等方式施加固定张力载荷，然后采用位移传感器测试抬升量。但是现有测试方法在操作过程中还是存在较多不足，一是加载力方式不够灵活方便，增加试验工作量；二是测试对位移量精度要求高，现有测试方法中对位移测量精度还是无法有效保证，在一定程度上影响测量结果。同时，结合刚柔接触网刚柔过渡汇流排的特点以及其与柔性接触网过渡的特性，一些弹性缓冲等参数未充分考虑。现有方法无法真实反映刚柔过渡汇流排的服役特性，并且试验时操作不方便。
由于刚柔特性试验中接触力、抬升位移是关键参数，并且沿着刚柔过渡汇流排向前运行速度也对其性能有重要影响。目前刚柔过渡汇流的刚柔特性有采用人工方式测试的，也有采用机械装置测试，但是其测试过程中对施加的接触力、测试的位移等参数控制精度不够，并且未充分考虑刚性接触网、柔性接触网与受电弓接触过程中的弹性的缓冲效果，导致测试数据与真实服役特点还是存在一定差异，影响数据准确性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，通过模拟实际列车经过时列车 顶部的受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流排接触时的刚柔特性，更真实测试了刚柔过渡汇流排的刚柔特性，从而准确评估不同刚柔过渡汇流排的性能的目的。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下方案：本发明提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，包括可沿刚柔过渡汇流排长度延伸方向移动的移动车，所述移动车上安装有对所述刚柔过渡汇流排提供抬升力的伸缩机构，所述伸缩机构沿竖直方向伸缩，所述伸缩机构的顶端连接有与其同步沿竖直方向移动的转换板，所述转换板的顶部安装有滑动组件，所述滑动组件随所述移动车沿所述刚柔过渡汇流排滑动，所述刚柔过渡汇流排位于所述滑动组件的上方，所述滑动组件抵接在所述刚柔过渡汇流排的底壁上，所述伸缩机构和所述转换板之间设有用于检测并调节抬升力恒定的力传感器，所述转换板上设有用于监测其至地面垂直距离的位移检测机构。
优选的，所述伸缩机构与所述位移传感器之间设有用于缓冲抬升力的弹性组件。
优选的，所述弹性组件的底端连接在所述伸缩机构上，其顶端连接有用于支撑所述位移检测机构的底座。
优选的，所述伸缩机构为气动缸，所述气动缸包括缸体及沿竖直方向伸缩设置在所述缸体上的伸缩杆，所述弹性组件连接在所述缸体上，所述伸缩杆位于所述缸体和所述移动车之间。
优选的，所述位移检测机构包括一同设置在所述转换板上的激光测距仪和位移传感器，所述激光测距仪和所述位移传感器均用于测量所述转换板至地面的距离。
优选的，所述位移传感器包括设置在所述转换板上的基座，所述滑动组件安装在所述基座上。
优选的，所述滑动组件包括设置在所述基座上的安装板，所述安装板上设有抵接在所述刚柔过渡汇流排底壁上的支撑轮。
优选的，所述移动车包括车体及若干安装在所述车体底部的滑轮，所述滑轮可移动设置在地面上，所述车体上设有用于驱动所述滑轮匀速移动的电机。
优选的，所述缓冲组件为沿竖直方向伸缩的弹簧。
还提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置的试验方法，包括如下 步骤：
驱动移动车：通过电机及控制系统来控制移动车水平运动的位移量和速度，达到平稳测试刚柔过渡汇流排长度方向的抬升量目的；
调节抬升力：在移动车向前运动过程中，气动缸提供向上的平稳的接触力使得支撑轮与刚柔过渡汇流排进行接触，并通过弹簧来缓冲接触力与抬升量之间的关系，模拟受电弓自身的弹性，通过力传感器测试抬升力的大小；
测量与地面间距：通过激光测距仪和位移传感器的双校准来确定刚柔过渡汇流排的抬升量，并消除地面不平顺等因素的干扰；
测量抬升量：通过激光测距仪、位移传感器、力传感器来监测抬升量、抬升力的数据，并通过控制系统来调控移动车的速度、气动缸的输出量等与传感器形成闭环控制。
本发明相对于现有技术取得了以下技术效果：
第一，包括可沿刚柔过渡汇流排长度延伸方向移动的移动车，移动车上安装有对刚柔过渡汇流排提供抬升力的伸缩机构，伸缩机构沿竖直方向伸缩，伸缩机构的顶端连接有与其同步沿竖直方向移动的转换板，转换板的顶部安装有滑动组件，滑动组件随移动车沿刚柔过渡汇流排滑动，刚柔过渡汇流排位于滑动组件的上方，滑动组件抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排的底壁上，伸缩机构和转换板之间设有用于检测并调节抬升力恒定的力传感器，转换板上设有用于监测其至地面垂直距离的位移检测机构，首先通过移动车带动伸缩机构、滑动组件沿刚柔过渡汇流排移动，并使得滑动组件滑动抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排上，模拟列车顶部受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流排的接触，相对于现有技术中通过静态吊重的方式，来反应刚柔过渡汇流排的变形量，本发明中更加真实的还原了刚柔过渡汇流排在实际使用过程中的抬升量，而且通过伸缩机构和力传感器的配合，调节伸缩机构的伸缩量及检测力传感器的位移来闭环调控抬升时的接触力，在运动过程中能互相自动调控，抬升力控制精度高、数值稳定，进而通过伸缩机构输出稳定的抬升力，以对测试刚柔过渡汇流排的抬升量更加精确。
第二，伸缩机构与位移传感器之间设有用于缓冲抬升力的弹性组件，通过设置弹性组件可以模拟受电弓对刚柔过渡汇流排缓冲，避免了刚性冲 击，导致降低测试误差，而且通过设置弹性组件，还可以避免大载荷的冲击，提高了整个装置的使用寿命。
第三，弹性组件的底端连接在伸缩机构上，其顶端连接有用于支撑位移检测机构的底座，通过设置底座，以保证对弹性组件的承载稳定性，保证了弹性组件起到缓冲作用的有效性，而且通过底座以支撑位移传感器，避免弹性组件受位移传感器自身结构的影响。
第四，伸缩机构为气动缸，气动缸包括缸体及沿竖直方向伸缩设置在缸体上的伸缩杆，弹性组件连接在缸体上，伸缩杆位于缸体和移动车之间，通过伸缩杆支撑在缸体和移动车之间，避免其与弹性组件的直接接触，使得弹性组件的设置受伸缩杆的限制，进而通过缸体与弹性组件相连接，利用缸体对弹性组件形成稳定而有效的承载。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；
其中，1-刚柔过渡汇流排、2-滑动组件、3-位移传感器、4-转换板、5-力传感器、6-底座、7-弹性组件、8-伸缩机构、9-移动车、10-电机、11-激光测距仪。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置及其试验方法，以解决上述现有技术存在的问题，通过模拟实际列车经过时列车顶部的受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流排接触时的刚柔特性，更真实测试了刚柔过渡汇流排在静态时的刚柔特性，从而准确评估不同刚柔过渡汇流排的性能 的目的。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
请参考图1，本实施例提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，包括可沿刚柔过渡汇流排1长度延伸方向移动的移动车9，具体的移动车9移动设置在地面上，移动车9上安装有对刚柔过渡汇流排1提供抬升力的伸缩机构8，伸缩机构8沿竖直方向伸缩，伸缩机构8的顶端连接有与其同步沿竖直方向移动的转换板4，转换板4的顶部安装有滑动组件2，滑动组件2随移动车9沿刚柔过渡汇流排1滑动，刚柔过渡汇流排1位于滑动组件2的上方，滑动组件2抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排1的底壁上，伸缩机构8和转换板4之间设有用于检测并调节抬升力恒定的力传感器5，用于实际反应处伸缩机构8向上对刚柔过渡汇流排1的接触力，转换板4上设有用于监测其至地面垂直距离的位移检测机构，首先通过移动车9带动伸缩机构8、滑动组件2沿刚柔过渡汇流排1移动，并使得滑动组件2滑动抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排1上，模拟列车顶部受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流排1的接触，相对于现有技术中通过静态吊重的方式，来反应刚柔过渡汇流排1的变形量，本发明中更加真实的还原了刚柔过渡汇流排1在实际使用过程中的抬升量，而且通过伸缩机构8和力传感器5的配合，抬升力就是力传感器5实测的力，抬升力的大小与伸缩机构8的伸长量相关联，调节伸缩机构8的伸缩量及检测力传感器5的位移来闭环调控抬升时的接触力，在运动过程中能互相自动调控，抬升力控制精度高、数值稳定，进而通过伸缩机构8输出稳定的抬升力，以对测试刚柔过渡汇流排1的抬升量更加精确。且优选的各个组件沿正对移动车9的中心设置，以保证整个装置结构的稳定性。
其中，伸缩机构8与位移传感器3之间设有用于缓冲抬升力的弹性组件7，通过设置弹性组件7可以模拟受电弓对刚柔过渡汇流排1缓冲，避免了刚性冲击，导致降低测试误差，而且伸缩机构8伸长后，对刚柔过渡汇流排1形成抬升力，滑动组件2与刚柔过渡汇流排1接触时，为了避免硬接触，即避免大载荷的冲击，增加了弹性组件7进行缓冲来实现软接触，也是模拟实际接触网的弹性。伸缩机构8提供向上的位移来抬升刚柔过渡 汇流排1，弹性组件7进行缓冲，提高了整个装置的使用寿命。
优选的，弹性组件7的底端连接在伸缩机构8上，其顶端连接有用于支撑位移检测机构的底座6，通过设置底座6，以保证对弹性组件7的承载稳定性，保证了弹性组件7起到缓冲作用的有效性，而且通过底座6以支撑位移传感器3，避免弹性组件7受位移传感器3自身结构的影响。
进一步的，伸缩机构8为气动缸，气动缸包括缸体及沿竖直方向伸缩设置在缸体上的伸缩杆，弹性组件7连接在缸体上，伸缩杆位于缸体和移动车9之间，通过伸缩杆支撑在缸体和移动车9之间，避免其与弹性组件7的直接接触，使得弹性组件7的设置受伸缩杆的限制，进而通过缸体与弹性组件7相连接，利用缸体对弹性组件7形成稳定而有效的承载。
作为本发明优选的实施方式，位移检测机构包括一同设置在转换板4上的激光测距仪11和位移传感器3，激光测距仪11和位移传感器3均用于测量转换板4至地面的距离，激光测距仪11用于实测转接板处距地面的距离，位移传感器3用于实测转接板处距地面的高度，通过激光测距仪11以及位移传感器3的数据差值来校准此处的高度差，消除地面高度差异等对实测抬升数据的影响，激光测距仪11和位移传感器3相互校准实测的刚柔过渡汇流排1的抬升量数据，保证数据的准确性，测试精度高。优选的激光测距仪11和位移传感器3配套有控制器，通过移动车9在移动的过程中，由于转换板4在弹性组件7的支撑作用下实时对滑动组件2支撑，使其抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排1的底壁上，转换板4至移动车9部分，由于设有弹性组件7和伸缩机构8，其随着刚柔过渡汇流排1的抬升量而伸出或缩短，激光测距仪11和位移传感器3实时检测转换板4至地面的距离后，能够反应出刚柔过渡汇流排1的抬升量，进而将抬升量信号传递给控制器，以实时得到相关信息。
进一步的，位移传感器3包括设置在转换板4上的基座，滑动组件2安装在基座上，一方面使得位移传感器3能够设置在转换板4的中心位置处，保证整个装置的稳定性，另一方面通过将位移传感器3的基座安装在滑动组件2和转换板4之间，作为滑动组件2的支撑，避免位移传感器3设置在滑动组件2的一侧，其对滑动组件2的滑动造成影响。
作为本发明优选的实施方式，滑动组件2包括设置在基座上的安装板，安装板上设有抵接在刚柔过渡汇流排1底壁上的支撑轮，以实时沿刚柔过渡汇流排1进行移动，作为本发明另外优选的实施方式，滑动组件2为受电弓滑板，其与刚柔过渡汇流排1接触，模拟实际受电弓滑板的接触状态。
作为本发明优选的实施方式，移动车9包括车体及若干安装在车体底部的滑轮，滑轮可移动设置在地面上，车体上设有用于驱动滑轮匀速移动的电机10，移动车9放置于地面，进而在电机10的作用下能够沿地面直线且匀速移动，并且通过控制移动车9向前水平运动的位移、速度等，以适配不同的对刚柔过渡汇流板的试验。
优选的，缓冲组件为沿竖直方向伸缩的弹簧，优选的弹性组件7为气动缸，气动缸上方安装有弹簧，弹簧用于缓冲气动缸向上的抬升力，使得气动缸缓慢施加抬升力并保持缓冲作用。
进一步的，还提供一种刚柔过渡汇流排1刚柔特性试验装置的试验方法，包括如下步骤：
驱动移动车9：通过电机10及控制系统来控制移动车9水平运动的位移量和速度，达到平稳测试刚柔过渡汇流排1长度方向的抬升量目的；
调节抬升力：在移动车9向前运动过程中，气动缸提供向上的平稳的接触力使得支撑轮与刚柔过渡汇流排1进行接触，并通过弹簧来缓冲接触力与抬升量之间的关系，模拟受电弓自身的弹性，通过力传感器5测试抬升力的大小；
测量与地面间距：通过激光测距仪11和位移传感器3的双校准来确定刚柔过渡汇流排1的抬升量，并消除地面不平顺等因素的干扰；
测量抬升量：通过激光测距仪11、位移传感器3、力传感器5来监测抬升量、抬升力的数据，并通过控制系统来调控移动车9的速度、气动缸的输出量等与传感器形成闭环控制。
而且刚柔过渡汇流排1在试验过程中，首先将电机10、气动缸安装在移动车9上，然后在气动缸上向上依次安装弹簧、底座6、力传感器5、转接板，在转接板上再同时安装激光测距仪11、位移传感器3，在位移传感器3上安装滑板。然后开启试验装置，使得气动缸输出位移，使得滑板与刚柔过渡汇流排1紧密接触，并通过力传感器5监测抬升力的大小，如 果力达不到要求，作动缸接着输出位移量来达到，因为弹簧的弹性缓冲，抬升力与作动缸的位移不一定是线性关系。根据力传感器5的数据实时调控气动缸的输出量，保持抬升力的稳定性，通过控制系统使力传感器5的数据与气动缸形成闭环自动调控。然后记录此时激光测距仪11、位移传感器3的数据，并对此时初始状态下两个传感器的数据进行校准使其保持一致，然后开启电机10使得移动车9缓慢向前运动，控制运动的速度。在移动车9向前运动过程中，通过控制系统的闭环控制使得力传感器5的数据一致处于稳定状态，并实时通过气动缸进行闭环调控。同时，通过控制系统实时监控激光测距仪11、位移传感器3的数据并进行相互校准，确定刚柔过渡汇流排1的实际准确抬升高度数据。
本发明尤其是对6m长的刚柔过渡汇流排1整体开展试验，试验过程中通过气动缸精确控制抬升力，并通过双位移校准系统(激光测距仪11和位移传感器3的双校准)控制测试的抬升位移，避免地面或者底座6等对抬升数据的干扰；同时通过弹簧模拟受电弓接触时的缓冲效果，更加真实的反映实际受电弓与刚柔过渡汇流接触时的效果和刚柔特性，达到有效模拟检测刚柔过渡汇流排1的刚柔特性的目的。试验方法和试验装置操作简便，自动控制并检测，闭环控制，控制精度高，试验稳定性好。
根据实际需求而进行的适应性改变均在本发明的保护范围内。
需要说明的是，对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
本发明中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，包括可沿刚柔过渡汇流排长度延伸方向移动的移动车，所述移动车上安装有对所述刚柔过渡汇流排提供抬升力的伸缩机构，所述伸缩机构沿竖直方向伸缩，所述伸缩机构的顶端连接有与其同步沿竖直方向移动的转换板，所述转换板的顶部安装有滑动组件，所述滑动组件随所述移动车沿所述刚柔过渡汇流排滑动，所述刚柔过渡汇流排位于所述滑动组件的上方，所述滑动组件抵接在所述刚柔过渡汇流排的底壁上，所述伸缩机构和所述转换板之间设有用于检测并调节抬升力恒定的力传感器，所述转换板上设有用于监测其至地面垂直距离的位移检测机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩机构与所述位移传感器之间设有用于缓冲抬升力的弹性组件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述弹性组件的底端连接在所述伸缩机构上，其顶端连接有用于支撑所述位移检测机构的底座。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述伸缩机构为气动缸，所述气动缸包括缸体及沿竖直方向伸缩设置在所述缸体上的伸缩杆，所述弹性组件连接在所述缸体上，所述伸缩杆位于所述缸体和所述移动车之间。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述位移检测机构包括一同设置在所述转换板上的激光测距仪和位移传感器，所述激光测距仪和所述位移传感器均用于测量所述转换板至地面的距离。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述位移传感器包括设置在所述转换板上的基座，所述滑动组件安装在所述基座上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述滑动组件包括设置在所述基座上的安装板，所述安装板上设有抵接在所述刚柔过渡汇流排底壁上的支撑轮。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征 在于，所述移动车包括车体及若干安装在所述车体底部的滑轮，所述滑轮可移动设置在地面上，所述车体上设有用于驱动所述滑轮匀速移动的电机。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置，其特征在于，所述缓冲组件为沿竖直方向伸缩的弹簧。
  10. 一种应用如权利要求9所述的刚柔过渡汇流排刚柔特性试验装置的试验方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    驱动移动车：通过电机及控制系统来控制移动车水平运动的位移量和速度，达到平稳测试刚柔过渡汇流排长度方向的抬升量目的；
    调节抬升力：在移动车向前运动过程中，气动缸提供向上的平稳的接触力使得支撑轮与刚柔过渡汇流排进行接触，并通过弹簧来缓冲接触力与抬升量之间的关系，模拟受电弓自身的弹性，通过力传感器测试抬升力的大小；
    测量与地面间距：通过激光测距仪和位移传感器的双校准来确定刚柔过渡汇流排的抬升量，并消除地面不平顺等因素的干扰；
    测量抬升量：通过激光测距仪、位移传感器、力传感器来监测抬升量、抬升力的数据，并通过控制系统来调控移动车的速度、气动缸的输出量等与传感器形成闭环控制。
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