WO2024023732A1 - Moteur électrique sans balais - Google Patents

Moteur électrique sans balais Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024023732A1
WO2024023732A1 PCT/IB2023/057584 IB2023057584W WO2024023732A1 WO 2024023732 A1 WO2024023732 A1 WO 2024023732A1 IB 2023057584 W IB2023057584 W IB 2023057584W WO 2024023732 A1 WO2024023732 A1 WO 2024023732A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
motor
winding
fact
supporting element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2023/057584
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alessandro SCORCIONI
Original Assignee
Scorcioni Alessandro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scorcioni Alessandro filed Critical Scorcioni Alessandro
Publication of WO2024023732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024023732A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
    • H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
    • H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
    • H02K19/12—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current characterised by the arrangement of exciting windings, e.g. for self-excitation, compounding or pole-changing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/04—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for rectification
    • H02K11/042—Rectifiers associated with rotating parts, e.g. rotor cores or rotary shafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a brushless electric motor.
  • these types of motor make use of a rotor with permanent magnets that are set in rotation by a rotating magnetic field generated by appropriate windings mounted on the stator of the motor itself.
  • the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnets mounted on the rotor chases the rotating magnetic field and causes the motor shaft to rotate.
  • the rotor’s magnetic field is constantly ensured by the permanent magnets and does not require any power source, thus greatly simplifying the motor’s structure and operation.
  • permanent magnets are made from particularly expensive rare earths which significantly increase the costs of such motors.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to devise a brushless electric motor with reduced cost and higher performance than permanent magnet electric motors.
  • a further object of the present invention is to devise a brushless electric motor which allows modulation of the rotor magnetic field flux.
  • Another object of the present invention is to devise a brushless electric motor which can overcome the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art within the framework of a simple, rational solution that is easy and effective to use as well as inexpensive.
  • Figure 1 is an axonometric view of a first embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of the first embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of some components of the first embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the second embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of some components of the second embodiment of the electric motor according to the invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of the vehicle according to the invention.
  • reference numeral 1 globally denotes a brushless electric motor.
  • the brushless electric motor 1 comprises at least one stator body 2 provided with a plurality of stator windings 3 electrically powered to generate a rotating stator magnetic field.
  • stator windings 3 are distributed in a circular maimer, centered around a central axis A.
  • stator windings 3 are configured to generate a rotating stator magnetic field lying on a transverse lying plane, preferably orthogonal to the central axis A.
  • the motor 1 comprises at least one rotor body 4, coupled movable in rotation to the stator body 2 and provided with at least one rotor winding 5 arranged facing the stator windings 3 and electrically powered to generate a rotor magnetic field interacting with the stator magnetic field.
  • the bodies 2, 4 are movable in rotation at least one with respect to the other due to the interaction between the stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field.
  • the rotor magnetic field lines tend to align with the stator field lines in rotation and therefore cause the rotation of the rotor body 4, e.g. as known with reference to synchronous brushless electric motors.
  • the stator body 2 is stationary, e.g. mounted on a supporting frame, while the rotor body 4 is movable in rotation with respect to the stator body 2.
  • the rotor magnetic field lies on a transverse lying plane, preferably orthogonal to the central axis A.
  • stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field lie on the same lying plane.
  • the rotor body 4 comprises a plurality of rotor windings 5.
  • the rotor windings 5 are distributed in a circular maimer, centered around a central axis A.
  • the rotor body 4 comprises at least one supporting portion 6 around which the rotor winding 5 is wound to substantially define at least one electromagnet.
  • the supporting portion 6 is made of ferromagnetic material.
  • the rotor body 4 comprises a plurality of supporting portions 6, where at least one rotor winding 5 is wound around each supporting portion 6.
  • the motor 1 is a brushless type motor, i.e., without brushes, sliding contacts or the like.
  • the motor 1 has no brushes, sliding contacts or the like employed to power the rotor winding 5.
  • the motor 1 has no permanent magnets.
  • the motor 1 has no permanent magnets mounted on at least one of either the stator body 2 or the rotor body 4.
  • the motor 1 comprises magnetic induction power supply means 27 configured to electrically power the rotor winding 5 and provided with: at least one first supporting element 7 separate from the rotor body 4; at least one primary winding 8 wound around the first supporting element 7 and operationally connected to a power source 9 of the rotor winding 5; at least one second supporting element 10 associated with the rotor body 4 and separate from the first supporting element 7; at least one secondary winding 11 wound around the second supporting element 10, operationally connected to the rotor winding 5 and inductively coupled to the primary winding 8 to power the rotor winding 5.
  • the first supporting element 7 substantially defines a magnetic core for the primary winding 8
  • the second supporting element 10 substantially defines a magnetic core for the secondary winding 11.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10, together with their respective windings 8, 11, define a magnetic circuit.
  • first supporting element 7 together with the primary winding 8, and the second supporting element 10 together with the secondary winding 11, define two separate parts of such a circuit.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10, together with their respective windings 8, 11, allow the rotor winding 5 to be powered without a physical link between the power source 9 and the rotor winding 5 itself.
  • the second supporting element 10 is movable independently of the first supporting element 7.
  • the magnetic coupling between the primary winding 8 and the secondary winding 11 allows power to be supplied to the rotor winding 5 even though the secondary winding 11 rotates and the primary winding 8 is stationary.
  • the rotor windings 5 are powered due to the magnetic coupling between the primary and the secondary windings 8, 11, regardless of the kinetic state and/or angular position of the rotor body 4, even when the latter is stationary.
  • the first supporting element 7 comprises a holding portion 12 around which the primary winding 8 is wound and a lateral portion 13 which extends preferably parallel to the holding portion 12, alongside it.
  • the holding portion 12 and the lateral portion 13 extend longitudinally by the same length.
  • the first supporting element 7 comprises a base portion 28 with which the holding portion 12 and the lateral portion 13 are associated.
  • the lateral portion 13 surrounds the holding portion 12 and defines with the latter one groove 14 within which the primary winding 8 is housed.
  • the first supporting element 7 is symmetrical to the central axis A.
  • the first supporting element 7 has a substantially cylindrical conformation.
  • the first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 have a substantially equal conformation.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 are arranged facing each other.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 are arranged facing each other to align the holding portions 12 preferably centered along the central axis A.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 are arranged facing each other to overlook the access ports of the grooves 14.
  • This arrangement allows the magnetic field lines generated by the primary winding 8 to be aligned with the secondary winding 11, thus maximizing energy transfer.
  • first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 are close together so as to define a narrow slit 15 that divides them.
  • the second supporting element 10 is free to rotate with the rotor body 4, without affecting the position of the first supporting element and/or the operation of the primary winding 8.
  • the first and the second supporting elements 7, 10 are made of a ferromagnetic material.
  • the slit 15 defines an air gap between the supporting elements 7, 10.
  • the first supporting element 7 is associated with the stator body 2.
  • the rotor body 4 rotates centered around an axis of rotation B.
  • the primary winding 8 and the secondary winding 11 are wound centered around the axis of rotation B.
  • the central axis A and the axis of rotation B are coincident.
  • stator windings 3 are operationally connected to the power source 9.
  • the power source 9 powers the stator windings 3 and the rotor winding 5.
  • the power source 9 is a battery 16.
  • the motor 1 comprises a power supply assembly 17 of the stator windings 3.
  • the power supply assembly 17 is operationally connected between the power source 9 and the stator windings 3.
  • the power supply assembly 17 is configured to generate an operating current for the stator windings 3 of predefined amplitude and frequency and to generate the stator magnetic field.
  • the power supply assembly 17 can be modulated by means of at least one operation signal.
  • the power supply assembly 17 is configured to vary the predefined amplitude and/or frequency of the operating current depending on the operating signal.
  • the power supply assembly 17 comprises a converter, such as a three-phase bridge, poly-phase bridge, or the like configured to generate the operating current that powers the stator windings 3.
  • a converter such as a three-phase bridge, poly-phase bridge, or the like configured to generate the operating current that powers the stator windings 3.
  • the power supply means 27 comprise: at least one power signal generator 18, operationally connected between the power source 9 and the primary winding 8 and configured to generate a power supply current flowing along the primary winding 8; at least one electronic rectifier 19, operationally connected between the secondary winding 11 and the rotor winding 5 and configured to rectify the current induced in the secondary winding 11 by the power supply current, so as to supply the rotor winding 5.
  • the power supply current from the power signal generator 18 is of the alternating type of predefined amplitude and frequency.
  • the power signal generator 18 comprises a generator, preferably a high-frequency one, which generates the alternating power supply current flowing along the primary winding 8.
  • such a magnetic field is a variable magnetic field.
  • a time-varying current such as e.g. an alternating current, flowing within a conductor generates a time-varying magnetic field.
  • This magnetic field induces the induced current to flow in the secondary winding 11.
  • the induced current is an alternating current.
  • a time-varying magnetic field passing through a winding generates a time-varying induced current within the same, such as e.g. an alternating current.
  • the power signal generator 18 and the primary winding 8 are configured to induce the induced current along the secondary winding 11 regardless of the kinetic state of and/or of the angular position of the rotor body 4.
  • the induced current is rectified by the rectifier 19 and flows within the rotor winding 5, powering it.
  • the rotor body 4 defines a housing 20 within which the rectifier 19 is arranged.
  • the rotor body 4 is at least partially hollow to define the housing 20 adapted to house the rectifier 19 and/or the decoder 24.
  • the rectifier 19 comprises an electronic board.
  • the power signal generator 18 can be modulated by means of at least one control signal.
  • the power signal generator 18 is configured to vary the predefined amplitude and/or frequency of the power supply current according to the control signal.
  • the power signal generator 18 is configured to start the motor 1 being stationary.
  • the power signal generator 18 when the rotor body 4 is stationary, the power signal generator 18 is configured to supply power to the primary winding 8 and consequently to generate the rotor magnetic field. In this way, the rotor body 4 is set in rotation.
  • the motor 1 comprises control means 21 of the motor itself, operationally connected to at least one of either the power supply means 27 or the power supply assembly 17 and configured to generate at least one of either the control signal or the operation signal.
  • control means 21 are configured to generate the control signal and the operating signal so as to vary the power supply current and the operating current and so as to vary the interaction between the stator magnetic field and the rotor magnetic field.
  • the motor 1 comprises at least one position sensor, not shown in the figures, configured to detect the angular position of the rotor body 4.
  • control means 21 are configured to generate at least one of either the power signal or the operation signal depending on the angular position detected by the angular position sensor.
  • the position sensor is of the type of a Hall-effect sensor.
  • the power supply means 27 comprise at least one modulator 22, positioned operationally connected between the rectifier 19 and the rotor winding 5.
  • the modulator 22 is configured to modulate the rectified current to power the rotor winding 5.
  • the modulator 22 is configured to vary the current flowing along the rotor winding 5 and the magnetic field flux generated by the same.
  • This expedient allows one or more of the characteristics of the magnetic field generated by the rotor winding 5 to be varied and consequently allows the interaction between the rotor magnetic field and the stator magnetic field to be varied.
  • this expedient makes it possible to vary the operation of the motor 1.
  • this expedient allows the de-fluxing of the rotor magnetic field.
  • this expedient makes it possible to increase the rotor magnetic field and/or to simply “turn off’ and “turn on” the rotor winding 5.
  • the modulator 22 is controlled by appropriate control signals to modulate the rectified current to supply the rotor winding 5.
  • the modulator 22 is housed inside the housing 20.
  • the power supply means 27 comprise: at least one control signal generator 23, connected between the power source 9 and the primary winding 8 and configured to generate a control signal flowing along the primary winding 8; at least one decoder 24, connected between the secondary winding 11 and the modulator 22 and configured to decode the signal induced in the secondary winding 11 from the control signal to control the modulator 22.
  • control signal flowing along the primary winding 8 generates a magnetic field that passes through the secondary winding 11.
  • This magnetic field induces the induced signal to flow in the secondary winding 11.
  • the induced signal is decoded by the decoder 24 and transmitted to the modulator 22.
  • the induced control signal commands the operation of the modulator 22.
  • the modulator 22 is configured to modulate the current to power the rotor winding 5 depending on the induced control signal decoded by the decoder 24.
  • control signal generator 23 is configured to control the operation of the rotor winding 5 by means of the modulator 22.
  • the decoder 24 is housed within the housing 20.
  • control signal generator 23 coincides with the power signal generator 18.
  • the power supply current and the control signal flow simultaneously along the primary winding 8.
  • the induced current and the induced signal flow simultaneously along the secondary winding 11.
  • the power supply means 27 comprise: at least three primary windings 8, the power signal generator 18 being a three-phase signal generator to power the primary windings 8; at least three secondary windings 11, the second supporting element 10 being set in rotation due to the powering of the primary windings 8.
  • the primary windings 8 and the secondary windings define respective three-phase structures.
  • the power signal generator 18 supplies power to the primary windings 8 so that they generate a rotating magnetic field that induces a current in the secondary windings 11.
  • the current induced in this way in the secondary windings 11 is received by the rectifier 19, which is configured to rectify this current in order to supply power to the rotor winding 5, similarly to what has been described with reference to the previous embodiment.
  • the rotating magnetic field generated by the primary windings 8 generates a change in the flux in the secondary windings 11, wherein, in this way, the current useful for supplying power to the rotor winding 5 and thus allowing the rotation of the rotor body 4 is induced.
  • the flux variation is proportional to the rotational speed of the rotating magnetic field generated by the primary windings 8 combined (preferably summed) with the rotational speed of the rotor body 4.
  • the primary windings 8 are distributed around a reference axis C in a circular maimer and spaced apart from each other by a separation angle 29.
  • the secondary windings 11 are distributed in a circular manner around the reference axis C and spaced apart from each other by an angle substantially equal to the separation angle 29, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the reference axis C substantially coincides with or is substantially parallel to the central axis A.
  • one of either the first supporting element 7 or the second supporting element 10 surrounds the other of either the first supporting element 7 or the second supporting element 10.
  • the second supporting element 10 surrounds the first supporting element 7, as shown in Figure 5.
  • each primary winding 8 is wound around a corresponding first axis of winding D, arranged substantially orthogonal to the reference axis C, as shown in Figure 6.
  • the rotating magnetic field generated by the primary windings 8 is arranged in a radial pattern to the reference axis C.
  • each secondary winding 11 is wound around a corresponding second axis of winding E, arranged substantially orthogonal to the reference axis C, as shown in Figure 6.
  • first supporting element 7 and the second supporting element 10 are arranged facing each other, preferably in a manner similar to that shown in Figure 1, and wherein each primary winding 8 is wound around a corresponding first axis of winding D, arranged substantially parallel to the reference axis C and wherein each secondary winding 11 is accommodated around a corresponding second axis of winding E, arranged substantially parallel to the reference axis C.
  • the rotating magnetic field generated by the primary windings 8 is arranged in an axial pattern to the reference axis C.
  • the present invention relates to an electric vehicle 25 comprising: at least one basic chassis 26; at least one electric motor 1, mounted on the basic chassis 26 and electrically powered for the movement of the vehicle 25; at least one power supply battery 16, mounted on the basic chassis 26 and configured to electrically power the motor 1, the battery 16 coinciding with the power source 9.
  • the vehicle 25 comprises at least one driving shaft associated with the rotor body 4 and adapted to transmit the motion to appropriate movement means of the vehicle 25.
  • the vehicle 25 is an automobile.
  • the present invention relates to a method of powering at least one motor 1 comprising at least one start-up phase, provided with at least one step of supplying power to the primary winding 8 with the power supply current to induce the induced current into the secondary winding 11 and to supply the rotor winding 5.
  • the rotor winding 5 generates the rotor magnetic field.
  • the step of supplying power to the primary winding involves generating a power supply current having a predefined amplitude and frequency starting from the power supplied by a power source 9.
  • the step of supplying power involves supplying power to the primary windings 8 so that they generate a rotating magnetic field that induces a change in flux in the secondary windings 11 and then a corresponding induced current that flows in the same secondary windings and employed to power the rotor winding 5.
  • the power source 9 is a battery 16.
  • the start-up phase comprises a step of power supplying the stator windings 3.
  • stator windings 3 generate the stator magnetic field.
  • the interaction of the rotor and stator magnetic field generated according to the power supply method enables the rotational motion of the rotor body 4, even when the latter starts from standstill.
  • the method comprises a phase of de-fluxing, provided with a step of reducing the rotor magnetic field flux generated by the rotor winding 5.
  • the de-fluxing step involves reducing the current flowing in the rotor winding 5.
  • steps or phases comprised in the power supply method are meant as one or more of the operations carried out by one or more of the components of the motor 1 or of the vehicle 25 and which are anticipated in this disclosure by the term “configured to” or “adapted to”.
  • Such phases or steps are preferably, but not necessarily, carried out by the same components involved.
  • the induction power supply means allow the rotor winding to be powered without contact, without the need to employ permanent magnets, thus reducing the cost of the electric motor.
  • the rotor windings powered in this way enable improved performance of the electric motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un moteur électrique sans balais (1) comprenant : un corps de stator (2) pourvu d'une pluralité d'enroulements de stator (3) alimentés électriquement pour générer un champ magnétique de stator ; un corps de rotor (4), couplé mobile en rotation au corps de stator (2) et pourvu d'au moins un enroulement de rotor (5) alimenté électriquement pour générer un champ magnétique de rotor ; le moteur comprenant des moyens d'alimentation électrique par induction magnétique (27) configurés pour alimenter électriquement l'enroulement de rotor (5) et comprenant : un premier élément de support (7) ; un enroulement primaire (8) disposé autour du premier élément de support (7) et connecté à une source d'alimentation (9) de l'enroulement de rotor (5) ; un second élément de support (10) ; un enroulement secondaire (11) disposé autour du second élément de support (10), connecté à l'enroulement de rotor (5) et couplé par induction à l'enroulement primaire (8) afin d'alimenter l'enroulement de rotor (5).
PCT/IB2023/057584 2022-07-26 2023-07-26 Moteur électrique sans balais WO2024023732A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202200015762 2022-07-26
IT102022000015762 2022-07-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024023732A1 true WO2024023732A1 (fr) 2024-02-01

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2023/057584 WO2024023732A1 (fr) 2022-07-26 2023-07-26 Moteur électrique sans balais

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WO (1) WO2024023732A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5519275A (en) * 1994-03-18 1996-05-21 Coleman Powermate, Inc. Electric machine with a transformer having a rotating component
US5770909A (en) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-23 Rosen Motors, L.P. Wound rotor synchronous motor-generator and field control system therefor
US6909263B2 (en) * 2002-10-23 2005-06-21 Honeywell International Inc. Gas turbine engine starter-generator exciter starting system and method including a capacitance circuit element
US20200099327A1 (en) * 2016-12-02 2020-03-26 Masayuki Nashiki Motor and control device thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5519275A (en) * 1994-03-18 1996-05-21 Coleman Powermate, Inc. Electric machine with a transformer having a rotating component
US5770909A (en) * 1996-12-13 1998-06-23 Rosen Motors, L.P. Wound rotor synchronous motor-generator and field control system therefor
US6909263B2 (en) * 2002-10-23 2005-06-21 Honeywell International Inc. Gas turbine engine starter-generator exciter starting system and method including a capacitance circuit element
US20200099327A1 (en) * 2016-12-02 2020-03-26 Masayuki Nashiki Motor and control device thereof

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