WO2024021443A1 - Système d'amortissement de vibrations pour lit de voie ferrée, dalle de lit de voie ferrée, lit de voie ferrée et système de rail - Google Patents

Système d'amortissement de vibrations pour lit de voie ferrée, dalle de lit de voie ferrée, lit de voie ferrée et système de rail Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024021443A1
WO2024021443A1 PCT/CN2022/139192 CN2022139192W WO2024021443A1 WO 2024021443 A1 WO2024021443 A1 WO 2024021443A1 CN 2022139192 W CN2022139192 W CN 2022139192W WO 2024021443 A1 WO2024021443 A1 WO 2024021443A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
track bed
vibration
spring
height
outer sleeve
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PCT/CN2022/139192
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
厉敏辉
陈天平
许静
孟凡东
牛文强
Original Assignee
浙江天铁实业股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024021443A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024021443A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
    • E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
    • F16F15/08—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with rubber springs ; with springs made of rubber and metal
    • F16F15/085—Use of both rubber and metal springs

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of track vibration reduction and noise reduction, and specifically relates to a vibration reduction system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system.
  • the present invention is carried out to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a vibration reduction system that combines a variety of vibration reduction measures to achieve a more ideal vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, and a track bed plate, track bed and track bed using the vibration reduction system.
  • Track system the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a vibration damping system for track bed, which is characterized in that it includes: at least one track bed damper, including an elastic unit for absorbing vibration; and at least one track bed resonator, each of the resonators includes: at least one A resonant plate is provided on the upper surface of the plate body; and a vibration damping layer is provided between the resonant plate and the plate body.
  • the vibration damping system for track beds may also have the following technical features, wherein the track bed dampers are open-type vibration isolators, the number is plural, the elastic units are rubber springs, and the open-type vibration isolators are
  • the vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the rubber spring is arranged below the outer sleeve; a spring support plate, which is arranged above the rubber spring; and a height-adjusting gasket, which is arranged above the spring support plate; and a locking gasket, which is provided above the height-adjusting gasket, is embedded in the outer sleeve, and is connected to the height-adjusting gasket and the spring through a connecting piece.
  • the support plates are connected together.
  • the vibration damping system for track beds may also have the following technical features: the track bed dampers are regulated vibration isolators, and the number is plural; and the elastic unit includes a regulating upper shell, a regulating
  • the regulation-type vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, a pre-embedded In the plate body, the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve; a height-adjusting gasket is arranged above the elastic element; and a locking gasket is arranged above the height-adjusting gasket, and It is embedded in the outer sleeve and connected with the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.
  • the vibration damping system for track beds may also have the following technical features: the track bed dampers are buried vibration isolators, and the number is plural; and the elastic unit includes a spring support upper shell, a spring The support lower shell and the rubber spring arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the spring support upper shell and the spring support lower shell, the buried vibration isolator also includes: a mounting seat, pre-embedded in Below the plate body, the upper end of the elastic element is embedded in the mounting seat; a height-adjusting gasket is provided between the elastic element and the base; and a limiting column, one end of which is embedded in the limiting column installation groove, and the other end is embedded in the limiting column installation groove. One end is driven into the base to fix it.
  • the vibration damping system for track beds may also have the following technical features: the track bed dampers are stacked vibration isolators, and the number is plural; and the elastic unit includes a support tube, a support base, and a set of There are at least two rubber springs and several spring connection components inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube and the support base. A plurality of the rubber springs are stacked vertically, and the spring connection components are arranged adjacent to each other. Between the two rubber springs, a plurality of the rubber springs are connected into one body.
  • the superposed vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body, and the elastic element is arranged on the Below the outer sleeve; a height-adjusting gasket is arranged above the elastic element; and a locking gasket is arranged above the height-adjusting gasket and is embedded in the outer sleeve and connected through a connecting piece Connected together with the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element.
  • the vibration damping system for track beds may also have the following technical features: the track bed dampers are steel spring isolators, and the number is plural; the elastic unit includes a support tube, a support base and a set of The first steel spring and the second steel spring inside the covering structure formed by fitting the support cylinder and the support base.
  • the steel spring vibration isolator also includes: an outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body.
  • the elastic element is arranged below the outer sleeve; the height-adjusting gasket is arranged above the elastic element; and the locking gasket is arranged above the height-adjusting gasket and is embedded in the Inside the outer sleeve, it is connected with the height-adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece.
  • the vibration damping system for track bed may also have the following technical features, wherein the track bed damper is a track bed vibration damping pad made of rubber, which is arranged between the track bed plate and the base, and the
  • the track bed vibration-absorbing pad includes: a pad body; and a plurality of vibration-absorbing bosses, which are distributed on one surface of the pad body and formed integrally with the pad body, wherein the vibration-damping bosses are conical. Shape, cylindrical or rib shape.
  • the present invention provides a track bed plate, which is characterized in that it includes: a plate body; and a vibration damping system for the track bed, which is provided on the plate body, wherein the vibration damping system for the track bed is the above-mentioned vibration damping system for the track bed. .
  • the invention provides a track bed, which is characterized in that it includes: a plurality of track bed boards, which are arranged end to end on a base in sequence, wherein the track bed boards are the above-mentioned track bed boards.
  • the present invention provides a track system, which is characterized in that it includes: a base; a track bed; arranged on the base; and a rail mounted on the track bed, wherein the track bed is the above-mentioned track bed.
  • the two vibration damping forms of track bed resonator and track bed damper are combined. Due to the use of track bed resonator, it has the ability to change the track bed plate and track bed as a whole.
  • the resonant plate has a natural frequency, so that the vibration frequency of the track bed can form a frequency segment with the natural frequency of the surrounding environment facilities, and is not within the same resonant frequency, thereby avoiding or reducing the impact of vibration noise; due to the use of track bed dampers, its It has an elastic unit that can absorb and reduce the vibration and impact energy of the train, so it can achieve the effect of track vibration and noise reduction.
  • the present invention combines two vibration reduction methods with different principles, and the two can complement each other's advantages, thereby achieving a more ideal track vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a track system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of a track bed resonator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the track bed resonator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the track bed resonator in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the portion within frame B in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the track system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded structural view of the open vibration isolator in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural view of the outer sleeve in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural view of the spring support plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural view of the height-adjusting gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a three-dimensional structural view of a locking gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of an open vibration isolator in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a three-dimensional structural view of the adjustment tool in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is an exploded structural view of the regulated vibration isolator in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a three-dimensional structural view of the outer sleeve in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a three-dimensional structural view of the limiting column in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is an exploded structural view of the buried vibration isolator in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of a buried vibration isolator in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is an exploded structural view of the stacked vibration isolator in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 is an exploded structural view of the elastic element in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 26 is a three-dimensional structural view of the support tube in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view of the support tube in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a three-dimensional structural view of the support base in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 29 is a three-dimensional structural view of the spring connector in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view of the spring connector in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 31 is an enlarged view of the portion within frame A in Figure 24;
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the top limiting member in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view of the steel spring isolator in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 34 is a three-dimensional structural view of a broken spring indicator according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Figure 35 is an exploded structural view of the broken spring indicator in Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • Track system 10 track bed 100; track bed plate 110; plate body 111; sleeper 112; open vibration isolator 120; outer sleeve 121; guide section 1211; inner bulge 12111; support step 12111a; support section 1212; upper end Protruding portion 1213; flange 1214; rubber spring 122; spring support plate 123; support plate protruding portion 1231; mounting hole 1232; height-adjusting gasket 124; height-adjusting piece protruding portion 1241; first relief hole 1242; First installation groove 1243; locking washer 125; locking piece protrusion 1251; second relief hole 1252; second installation groove 1253; protective cover 126; connector 127; regulatory vibration isolator 130; outer Sleeve 131; guide section 1311; support section 1312; second barrel inner protrusion 13121; support step 13121a; spring limiting protrusion 13121b; fixed pin 1313; flange 1314; elastic element 132; upper housing for regulation 1321 ; Support part 13211; relief groove 13212; embedding
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in this embodiment.
  • the track system 10 of this embodiment includes a base 200 , a track bed 100 provided on the base 200 , and a rail 300 placed on the track bed 100 .
  • the track bed 100 is composed of a plurality of track bed plates 110 connected end to end, with a predetermined gap (slab seam) left between two adjacent track bed plates 110 .
  • the track bed plate 110 is a vibration-damping track bed plate that combines multiple vibration-absorbing measures, and includes a plate body 111 and a track bed vibration-absorbing system provided on the plate body 111 .
  • the plate body 111 is a rectangular concrete prefabricated plate with dimensions of 4690mm ⁇ 3000mm ⁇ 411mm (length ⁇ width ⁇ thickness).
  • the plate body 111 eight pairs of sleepers 112 are evenly spaced along its length direction. , the distance between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm, and the rail 300 is placed on the sleepers 112 and fixed through buckle accessories.
  • the vibration damping system for the track bed includes a track bed resonator 180 and a track bed damper including an elastic unit.
  • the number of the track bed resonator 180 is set to one, and the track bed damper (i.e. The elastic unit) is the track bed vibration damping pad 190, and the quantity is one piece.
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural view of the resonator in this embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the resonator in this embodiment
  • Fig. 4 is a side view of the resonator in this embodiment.
  • the track bed resonator 180 includes a resonance plate 181 , a vibration reduction layer 182 , a limiting seat 183 and a fastening clip 184 .
  • the resonance plate 181 is arranged on the plate body 111 along the extension direction of the rail 300 .
  • the number of resonant plates 181 is at least one. In practical applications, the number of resonant plates 181 can be increased as needed.
  • the thickness of the resonant plate 181 is 50mm ⁇ 80mm.
  • the total thickness of the resonant plate 181 after stacking should be less than the height of the rail 300.
  • the total width of the resonant plate 181 after being laid flat should be less than the distance between the two rails 300 to avoid affecting the track system 10 of normal operation.
  • the resonant plate 181 includes a metal plate and a rubber layer covering the surface of the metal plate.
  • the width of the single resonant plate 181 is 550mm, the thickness is 80mm, the length is 2200mm, and the mass is 506kg, that is, the mass per linear meter is 230kg.
  • the number of resonant plates 181 is set to two.
  • the two resonant plates 181 are stacked vertically and fixedly connected.
  • the mass per linear meter is 460kg.
  • the two resonant plates 181 can also be laid in parallel on the left and right, with a mass of 460kg per linear meter.
  • the track bed resonator 180 also includes fastening clips 184.
  • Two fastening clips 184 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the resonant plate 181 along the length direction of the resonant plate 181 for fixing the vertically stacked resonant plates 181.
  • the fastening clip 184 includes an upper half clamp body 1841 , a lower half clamp body 1842 and a fastener 1843 .
  • the upper half clamp body 1841 and the lower half clamp body 1842 are both made of Q235, and their surfaces are treated with electrostatic spraying for anti-corrosion treatment.
  • the upper half clip body 1841 includes a U-shaped main body 18411 and two wing portions 18412 respectively extending outward from two ends of the main body 18411.
  • the fastener 1843 of this embodiment uses M20 external hexagonal bolts, and the wing portion 18412 is provided with a connecting hole 18413 that matches the fastener 1843.
  • the lower half clamp body 1842 is structurally the same as the upper half clamp body 1841.
  • the upper half clamp body 1841 and the lower half clamp body 1842 are respectively symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the stacked resonant plates and connected through fasteners 1843. Thereby, the resonance plate 181 is fixed.
  • the vibration reduction layer 182 is provided between the resonance plate 181 and the plate body 111 , and the width of the vibration reduction layer 182 does not exceed the width of the resonance plate 181 .
  • the lower surface of the damping layer 182 has a plurality of evenly arranged damping protrusions 1821.
  • the damping protrusions 1821 can reduce the contact area between the lower surface of the damping layer 182 and the upper surface of the plate body 111, further reducing vibration transmission.
  • the number of damping layers 182 is four, and two damping layers 182 form one group.
  • the two groups of damping layers 182 are symmetrically arranged on the lower surface near both ends of the resonant plate 181 stacked below. on the resonant plate 181, and is integrally formed with the resonant plate 181.
  • the vibration reduction layer 182 and the resonance plate 181 can also be separated.
  • damping layers 182 have different sizes and static moduli.
  • the natural frequencies of the track bed resonators 180 are also different accordingly.
  • the stiffness of the track bed resonator 180 is calculated based on the size and static modulus of the damping layer 182, and the total stiffness per linear meter is obtained:
  • the natural frequency of the track bed resonator 180 is further calculated as:
  • m is the total mass per linear meter of the resonant plate 181.
  • damping cushion layer of appropriate size and static modulus can effectively adjust the natural frequency of the track bed resonator 180 and achieve better resonance effects.
  • Two limiting seats 183 are respectively provided at both ends of the resonant plate 181 along the length direction of the resonant plate 181 for limiting the resonant plate 181 .
  • the installation process of track bed resonator 180 includes the following steps:
  • step S1-1 the installation position of each track bed resonator 180 on the plate body 111 is determined according to the design requirements, and then the internal steel bars of the plate body 111 are detected, and the predetermined position of the limit seat installation bolt 1834 is determined based on the detection results.
  • step S1-2 embed the bolts 1834 for installing the limiting seat in a predetermined position on the plate body 111 and anchor them.
  • Step S1-3 pre-calculate the natural frequencies of the track bed resonator 180 using different types of damping layers 182, select a suitable damping layer model based on the calculation results, and then extend the resonant plate 181 and the damping layer 182 along the rail 300 The direction is laid on the predetermined position on the plate body 111, and the two stacked resonant plates 181 are fixedly connected using fastening clips 184.
  • step S1-4 a pair of limit seats 183 are respectively installed on both ends of the resonant plate 181 through the limit seat installation bolts 1834, thereby fixing the resonant plate 181 on the plate body 111.
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of the portion within frame B in Figure 1, that is, a cross-sectional view of the track bed vibration damping pad.
  • the track bed vibration damping pad 190 is a pad made of rubber material, which includes a pad body 191 and a plurality of vibration damping bosses 192 .
  • the backing plate main body 191 is a rectangular solid flat plate structure with a certain thickness.
  • a plurality of vibration-absorbing bosses 192 are formed on the same surface of the pad body 191 , are distributed in a matrix, and are integrally formed with the pad body 191 ; the other surface of the pad body 191 is flat.
  • the damping bosses 192 are all in the shape of a cone. In an alternative, the damping bosses 192 can also be in the shape of a cylinder or a rib.
  • the installation method of track bed vibration damping pad 190 is:
  • a layer of isolation film made of soft polyethylene material is laid on the surface of the base 200, and then a layer of track bed vibration damping pad 190 is laid on the isolation film.
  • the area of the track bed vibration damping pad 190 should be larger than the area of the isolation film.
  • the track bed vibration damping system, track bed plate 110, track bed 100 and track system 10 provided according to this embodiment combine two vibration damping forms: the track bed resonator 180 and the track bed vibration damping pad 190. Since the track bed resonator 180 is used, It is a passive form of vibration reduction, with multiple resonant plates 181, which can change the overall natural frequencies of the track bed plate 110 and the track bed 100 through the quality factor of the resonant plate 181, so that the vibration frequency of the track bed 100 forms a relationship with the natural frequency of the surrounding environment facilities.
  • the frequency range difference is not within the same resonant frequency, so that the impact of vibration noise can be avoided or reduced; due to the use of track bed vibration damping pad 190, which is an active form of vibration reduction, it can absorb and reduce the vibration impact energy when the train is running. Achieve the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction.
  • the present invention combines two vibration reduction methods with different principles to achieve a more ideal track vibration reduction and noise reduction effect.
  • This embodiment provides a vibration damping system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system. Compared with Embodiment 1, the difference is that the track bed vibration absorber of this embodiment is an open type vibration isolator.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in this embodiment.
  • Figure 7 is a top view of the track system in this embodiment.
  • the vibration damping system for track bed includes a resonator 180 and a plurality of open vibration isolators 120 provided in the plate body 111.
  • the structure and arrangement method of the track bed resonator 180 are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
  • a plurality of open-type vibration isolators 120 are arranged in the form of two pairs along the length direction of the track bed plate 110.
  • the pair of open-type vibration isolators 120 are respectively located under the two rails 300, and when viewed from the plane, each The open vibration isolators 120 are arranged between two adjacent sleepers 112 and the rail 300 , and the upper end of the open vibration isolator 120 is exposed from one side of the rail 300 .
  • multiple open isolators 120 on a track bed plate 110 can be arranged in different ways according to actual needs.
  • the three track bed plates 110 shown in Figure 6 are used to connect the track sections on the bridge.
  • 5 pairs of open isolators 120 are arranged along the length direction of the track bed plate 110, and 3 pairs of open isolators 120 are densely arranged at one end used to connect the track section on the bridge. , the spacing between these three pairs is 595mm, and the spacing between the other two pairs is 1190mm.
  • three pairs of open isolators 120 are evenly spaced along the length direction of the track bed plate 110, and the distance between two adjacent pairs is 1785mm.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of the structure of the open vibration isolator in this embodiment.
  • the open vibration isolator 120 includes an outer sleeve 121 , a rubber spring 122 , a spring support plate 123 , a height-adjusting gasket 124 , a locking gasket 125 , a protective cover 126 and a plurality of connectors 127 .
  • Figure 9 is a three-dimensional structural view of the outer sleeve in this embodiment.
  • the outer sleeve 121 is made of metal (cast iron) and has a through-type cylindrical structure.
  • the overall height ie, the length of the outer sleeve 121) is consistent with the thickness of the plate body 111.
  • the outer sleeve 121 can be divided into a guide section 1211 located at the upper part and a support section 1212 located at the lower part along its length direction.
  • the guide section 1211 is used to place the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124, and the locking gasket 125 during installation, and plays a guiding role when these plates slide down.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the guide section 1211 is a triangular flange structure, and is formed with three stepped inner barrel protrusions 12111 that protrude radially inwards.
  • the three inner barrel protrusions 12111 are along the central axis of the outer sleeve 121. Evenly distributed.
  • the inner convex portion 12111 extends along the length direction of the outer sleeve 121, with one end extending to the upper end of the outer sleeve 121, and the other end located at a lower position inside the outer sleeve 121.
  • the support section 1212 is in a circular tube shape, so the other end of the bulge 12111 in the tube and the support section 1212 form a support step 12111a, which is used to provide support for the rubber spring 122.
  • a surface of the inner barrel convex portion 12111 that is parallel to the central axis of the outer barrel 121 has a certain curvature.
  • the upper end of the outer sleeve 121 has three upper end protrusions 1213 that protrude radially outward.
  • the upper end protrusions 1213 are provided with protective cover connection holes for supporting and connecting the protective cover 126 .
  • the lower end of the outer sleeve 121 has a circle of outwardly protruding flange 1214, forming a skirt-like structure.
  • the outer sleeve 121 of this embodiment is a pre-embedded outer sleeve, which is pre-embedded in the plate body 111 when the plate body 111 is cast and manufactured.
  • the flange 1214 can increase the adhesion and load-bearing capacity of the outer sleeve 121 .
  • the upper end protrusion 1213 also forms a hanging ear structure, which can also increase the adhesion and load-bearing capacity of the outer sleeve 121 .
  • the rubber spring 122 is disposed under the outer sleeve 121 and uses the elastic deformation of its own rubber material to absorb the vibration energy transmitted from the curved plate body 110 when the train is running, thereby reducing vibration and noise.
  • the upper and lower ends of the rubber spring 122 are in the shape of circular plates, and the upper and lower ends are wrapped with circular metal plates, so that the rubber spring 122 can bear force more evenly.
  • the rubber spring The middle part of 122 shrinks radially inward.
  • the thickness of the rubber spring 122 in the unstressed state ie, its initial height
  • the thickness of the rubber spring 122 in the unstressed state is 150mm-750mm.
  • the rubber spring 122 has various stiffness specifications. During the production process, the stiffness of the rubber spring 122 can be adjusted by adjusting the rubber composition and production parameters.
  • Figure 10 is a three-dimensional structural view of the spring support plate in this embodiment.
  • the spring support plate 123 is used to provide support for the upper end of the rubber spring 122, and plays a role in supporting and load transmission for the entire track bed system.
  • the spring support plate 123 is made of metal, and its main body is generally in the shape of a circular plate, and has three support plate protrusions 1231 so that the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 matches the cross-section of the guide section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121 , specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the spring support plate 123 is basically consistent with the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211, and the size is slightly smaller than the shape of the inner wall of the guide section 1211.
  • the thickness of the main part of the spring support plate 123 is 25mm-30mm, and the thickness of the three support plate protrusions 1231 is thicker than the main part. Therefore, a hole for covering the upper end of the rubber spring 122 is formed on one side of the spring support plate 123. structure.
  • the spring support plate 123 is provided with three mounting holes 1232, the positions of which correspond to the three support plate protrusions 1231, respectively, for installing the connecting parts 127.
  • the connecting parts 127 are bolts and nuts.
  • Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural view of the height-adjusting gasket in this embodiment.
  • the height adjustment washer 124 is used to adjust the installation height of the rubber spring 122 so that the surface height of the curved plate body 110 can comply with the design data.
  • the height-adjusting washer 124 is also made of metal, and its outer contour shape is consistent with the spring support plate 123. It has three height-adjusting plate protrusions 1241, so the description thereof will not be repeated.
  • a substantially circular first relief hole 1242 is opened in the middle of the height-adjusting gasket 124 for allowing corresponding installation tools to extend when installing the vibration isolator.
  • the height-adjusting gasket 124 also has three radially extending first installation grooves 1243. The first installation grooves 1243 are connected with the first relief hole 1243 in the middle. direction. According to the actual required height, one or more stacked height-adjusting gaskets 124 can be used, and the thickness of the height-adjusting gaskets 124 is 2 mm to 10 mm.
  • Figure 12 is a three-dimensional structural view of the locking gasket in this embodiment.
  • the locking washer 125 is used to lock the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting washer 124 within the outer sleeve 121 .
  • the locking washer 125 is also made of metal. Its outer ring has the same shape as the spring support plate 123 and has three locking piece protrusions 1251, so the description will not be repeated.
  • a substantially circular second relief hole 1252 is opened in the middle of the locking gasket 125 , and its shape is consistent with the first relief hole 1242 .
  • the locking washer 125 also has three radially extending second installation grooves 1253.
  • the second installation grooves 1253 are connected with the second relief hole 1252 in the middle.
  • the locking piece protrusion 1251 is connected to the extension of the second installation groove 1253. The direction is staggered, and the extension line of the second installation groove 1253 is located between the two locking piece protrusions 1251 .
  • the thickness of the locking washer 125 is 10mm.
  • the shapes of the spring support plate 123, the height adjustment washer 124 and the locking washer 125 all match the inner wall of the guide section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121, these plates can be put in from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 121. , and slide downward to the support section 1212 while maintaining the angle when it is put in under the guidance of the guide section 1211, thereby facilitating installation.
  • the three first mounting slots 1242 on the height-adjusting pad 124 and the three second mounting slots 1252 on the locking pad 125 are evenly distributed, so during installation, the mounting slots and mounting holes on these three plates can form connecting piece mounting holes that run through in the vertical direction, so that connecting pieces 127 can be set to fasten these three plates on Together.
  • the protective cover 126 is used to cover the upper opening of the outer sleeve 161 after the vibration isolator is installed to prevent dust and debris from entering and affecting the vibration isolation effect and service life of the vibration isolator.
  • the shape of the protective cover 126 is consistent with the shape of the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 121, and connector mounting holes are provided at corresponding positions. Therefore, the protective cover 126 can completely cover the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 121.
  • the end surface is fixed on the upper end protrusion 1213 of the outer sleeve 121 through a plurality of connectors.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the open-type vibration isolator in this embodiment, which shows the state in which the open-type vibration isolator 120 is installed.
  • the outer sleeve 121 is pre-embedded in the plate body 111. Since the height of the outer sleeve 121 is consistent with the thickness of the plate body 111, the upper and lower end openings of the outer sleeve 121 are respectively exposed from both sides of the plate body 111. After the installation is completed, the height-adjusting gasket 124 and the three protrusions of the spring support plate 123 are respectively in contact with the three support steps 12111a.
  • the locking gasket 125 is embedded in the bottom of the guide section 1211, and the spring support plate 123, The height-adjusting gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125 are fixedly connected together through the connecting piece 127, thereby fixing the three plates inside the outer sleeve 121.
  • the rubber spring 122 is disposed below the outer sleeve 121 .
  • the upper end of the rubber spring 122 abuts the main body of the spring support plate 123 and is covered by the support plate protrusion 1231 .
  • the lower end of the rubber spring 122 abuts the base 200 .
  • the total thickness of the rubber spring 122, the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting gasket 124 is greater than the distance from the support step 12111a to the lower end of the outer sleeve 121, which makes the lower end of the rubber spring 122 located below and outside the curved plate body 110, that is, even if The curved plate body 110 is not in direct contact with the base 200, but is placed on the base 200 in point contact through a plurality of rubber springs 122, forming a floating plate form.
  • the installation process of open vibration isolator 120 specifically includes the following steps:
  • step S2-1 a plate body 111 with a plurality of outer sleeves 121 pre-embedded is provided on the base 200.
  • the board body 111 is a prefabricated board, which is placed on the base 200 by hoisting.
  • Step S2-2 Measure the relative height parameter of each outer sleeve 121 through a testing instrument, and set the number and specifications of the corresponding height-adjusting gaskets 124 according to the measured relative height parameter.
  • step S2-3 the plate body 111 is lifted to a predetermined construction height through jacking equipment.
  • a plurality of lifting boxes 116 are embedded below both sides in the width direction of the plate body 111 .
  • the lifting boxes 116 are box-shaped metal parts with the opening facing downward.
  • the lifting equipment is a hydraulic jack, including a hydraulic pump, a diverter valve and multiple jack heads. During construction, multiple jack heads are respectively embedded in multiple lifting boxes 116 of the plate body 111. Under the control of the industrial computer, the multiple jack heads are jacked up at the same time, thereby smoothly lifting the plate body 111.
  • the lifting height should be such that the distance between the support step 12111a of the outer sleeve 121 embedded in the plate body 111 and the base 200 is greater than the distance between the rubber spring 122, the spring support plate 123 and several height-adjusting pads 153 to be placed.
  • the total thickness is such that the rubber spring 122 is not stressed after being put in, and the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting gasket 124 can be rotated and adjusted. That is, the planned construction height is greater than the final floating height of the panel.
  • Step S2-4 for each outer sleeve 121, sequentially put the rubber spring 122, the spring support plate 123 and the height adjustment gasket 124 from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 121, and use the adjustment tool to adjust the spring support plate 123 and the height adjustment gasket 124.
  • the height-adjusting pad 124 is rotated at a predetermined angle so that its plurality of protrusions are located directly below the plurality of support steps 12111a.
  • the number of support steps 12111a is three and they are evenly distributed along the central axis of the outer sleeve 121. Therefore, the inserted spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting gasket 124 are rotated 60 degrees by an adjusting tool. At this time, the spring The three protrusions of the support plate 123 and the height-adjusting pad 124 are respectively located directly below the three support steps 12111a. After the board body 111 is put down, the three protrusions respectively abut against the three support steps 12111a to form a support structure.
  • Figure 14 is a three-dimensional structural view of the adjustment tool in this embodiment.
  • the adjustment tool 600 has a T-shaped handle 601 and an adjustment head 602 connected to the other end of the handle 601.
  • the adjustment head 602 has three radially extending adjustment end portions 6021.
  • the position distribution corresponds to the three mounting grooves or mounting holes of the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting washer 124, and the locking washer 125 respectively.
  • Bolts extending in the vertical direction are installed on the adjusting end 6021 (not shown in the figure).
  • the construction worker can hold the handle 601, extend the adjustment head 602 into the outer sleeve 121, and insert the bolts on the three adjustment ends 6021 into the three bolts of the spring support plate 123 respectively.
  • the handle 601 is then rotated horizontally, so that the spring support plate 123 can be rotated horizontally through the three adjustment ends 6021.
  • Step S2-5 lower the curved plate body 110 through the lifting equipment.
  • each rubber spring 122 enters a stressed state, the curved plate body 110 floats on the base 200, and all loads of the curved plate body 110 are transferred to the spring support plate 123 and the rubber spring through the support step 12111a of the outer sleeve 121 122.
  • Step S2-6 For each outer sleeve 121, put the locking gasket 125 from the upper opening of the outer sleeve 121. The locking gasket 125 slides down along the guide section 1211 to the height-adjusting gasket 124, and passes through the bolt. Fasten the locking washer 125, the height-adjusting washer 124 and the spring support plate 123 together to prevent the height-adjusting washer 124 and the spring support plate 123 from rotating and falling off.
  • step S2-7 for each outer sleeve 121, a protective cover 126 is installed on the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 121 to complete the installation of all open vibration isolators 120 to form the above-mentioned curved track bed 100.
  • the plate body 111 is placed on the base 200 through a plurality of open vibration isolators 120 including rubber springs 124, a The form of floating plate can achieve stronger active vibration absorption effect.
  • a vibration-absorbing pad is laid between the track bed 100 and the base 200, the stiffness of the entire vibration-absorbing system is still large and the system frequency is high, so the vibration-absorbing effect is limited.
  • Multiple open vibration isolators 120 are used to form a floating plate form, that is, point support is used to isolate the rigid connection between the track structure and the base structure, and multiple rubber springs 122 are used to absorb the impact energy when the train passes. Therefore, stronger vibration absorption and vibration reduction effects can be achieved.
  • the vibration isolator of this embodiment is an open type vibration isolator, and the rubber spring 122 is formed from the curved plate body.
  • the bottom of the body 110 is exposed, which not only facilitates installation, but also allows the rubber spring 122 to be easily inspected from the gap between the curved plate body 110 and the base 200 after the installation is completed, which is beneficial to subsequent maintenance.
  • the outer contour shapes of the spring support plate 123, the height-adjusting washer 124 and the locking washer 125 all match the guide section 1211 of the outer sleeve 121, during installation, only the rubber spring 122 and the spring spring 122 need to be moved in sequence.
  • the support plate 123, the height-adjusting gasket 124 and the locking gasket 125 are put in from the upper opening of the outer sleeve 121, and the spring support plate 123 and the height-adjusting gasket 124 are rotated at a predetermined angle so that they are in contact with the outer sleeve 121
  • the bulge 12111 inside the barrel forms a support structure, which can be fixed through connectors to complete the installation of the vibration isolator.
  • the construction is convenient, the construction time is shorter, and the labor intensity of workers is lower. Since a detachable structure is used instead of welding to realize the support structure, the open vibration isolator 120 can be easily disassembled and replaced during subsequent maintenance, and the rubber spring 122 can be replaced.
  • This embodiment provides a vibration damping system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system. Compared with the second embodiment, the difference is that the track bed vibration absorber of this embodiment is a regulated vibration isolator, and its structure is the same as that of the second embodiment. The open type vibration isolator of the second embodiment is different.
  • Fig. 15 is an exploded view of the structure of the regulated vibration isolator in this embodiment.
  • the regulated vibration isolator 130 includes an outer sleeve 131 , an elastic element 132 , a height-adjusting gasket 133 , a locking gasket 134 , a plurality of connectors 135 , a limiting column 136 and a protective cover 137 .
  • Figure 16 is a three-dimensional structural view of the outer sleeve in this embodiment.
  • the structure of the outer sleeve 131 is similar to the structure of the outer sleeve 121 of the second embodiment. The difference is that two circles of stepped structures are formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 131.
  • the upper circle is In order to lift the step 13111a, the lower circle is the support step 13121a, and one end of the support step 13121a extends downward in the length direction of the outer sleeve 131 to form a lateral limiting structure.
  • a spring limiting protrusion 13121b is provided at one of the support steps 13121a. After the installation is completed, the spring limiting protrusion 13121b abuts the upper end surface of the elastic element 132 to limit the circular motion of the elastic element 132.
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in this embodiment.
  • the elastic element 132 includes an upper housing 1321 for regulation, a lower housing 1322 for regulation, and a rubber spring 1323 .
  • the upper housing 1321 for regulation is made of metal material, has a non-circular cover shape, and has three outwardly protruding support parts 13211.
  • the upper end surface of the regulatory upper housing 1321 has a circular relief groove 13212, which is used to provide space for corresponding tools during installation; the inner surface has a circular embedding groove 13213, and the shape and size of the embedding groove 13213 are consistent with The upper end of the rubber spring 1323 matches.
  • the inner diameter of the upper regulating housing 1321 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the lower regulating housing 1322 .
  • the lower housing 1322 for regulation is also made of metal and has a circular cover shape.
  • the inner diameter of the lower housing 1322 for regulation matches the lower end of the rubber spring 1323.
  • the outer periphery of the regulation lower housing 1322 has two annular rubber ring grooves 13221 for fitting and installing the limiting rubber ring 1324.
  • the middle part of the bottom surface of the lower housing 1322 for regulation has a circular limiting column installation groove 13222 for setting the limiting column 136.
  • the limiting column 136 is also embedded in the base 200 to limit the level of the elastic element 132 relative to the base 200. Displacement.
  • the structure of the rubber spring 1323 is consistent with that in Embodiment 2.
  • the opening of the lower housing 1322 for regulation is upward, and the opening of the upper housing 1321 for regulation is downwardly covered on the lower housing 1322 for regulation, forming a covering structure.
  • the limiting rubber ring 1324 is fitted in the rubber ring groove 13221 of the lower housing 1322 for regulation, and the limiting rubber ring 1324 protrudes outward from the rubber ring groove 13221.
  • the protruding part of the limiting rubber ring 1324 is in line with the regulations.
  • the inner surfaces of the upper housing 1321 are in contact with each other to form a horizontal limit on the upper and lower housings.
  • the upper end of the rubber spring 1323 is fitted in the embedding groove 13211 of the upper regulating housing 1321 and fixed by bonding; the lower end of the rubber spring 1323 is fitted in the lower regulating housing 1322 and is also fixed by bonding. fixed, thereby forming an elastic element 132 with an elastic buffering effect as a whole.
  • the structures of the height-adjusting gasket 133, the locking gasket 134, and the protective cover 137 are all consistent with those in the second embodiment and will not be described again.
  • Figure 18 is a three-dimensional structural view of the limiting column in this embodiment.
  • the limiting column 136 is a pin-shaped metal part with an upper cylindrical end 1361 and a lower cylindrical end 1362 .
  • the upper cylindrical end 1361 is inserted into the limiting column installation groove 13222 of the lower housing 1322 for regulation, and the lower cylindrical end 1362 is driven into the base 200 and fixed.
  • the diameter of the upper cylindrical end 1361 is larger than that of the lower cylindrical end 1362, so a step structure is formed in the upper middle part of the limiting column 136 for limiting the driving depth of the limiting column 136 when driving into the base 200.
  • the installation process of the regulated vibration isolator 130 of this embodiment is basically the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the difference is that in step S2-1, the limiting post 136 is also pre-drilled at a predetermined position on the base 200;
  • the regulated vibration isolator 130 does not include a spring support plate, and the regulatory upper housing 1321 functions as a spring support plate. Therefore, in step S2-4, the elastic element 132 and the elastic element 132 are sequentially placed from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 131.
  • Other processes are the same as in Embodiment 2.
  • a plurality of regulated vibration isolators 130 are used to form a floating plate form, so the same vibration reduction as in the second embodiment can be achieved. Noise effect.
  • rubber springs generally have degrees of freedom in multiple directions such as vertical, transverse, longitudinal, torsional, etc.
  • the rubber spring 1323 is provided in the upper housing 1321 for regulation and the lower shell for regulation. Inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of body 1322, the lateral and longitudinal degrees of freedom of rubber spring 1323 are reasonably restrained through the covering structure, which is equivalent to strengthening the lateral stiffness of rubber spring 1323, so that rubber spring 1323 can stabilize , ideal vibration damping effect, and can extend the service life of rubber spring 1323.
  • the elastic element 132 including the rubber spring 1323 can be pre-assembled and only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction, so it is easy to install and maintain, and can improve the overall efficiency of track construction.
  • This embodiment provides a vibration damping system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system.
  • the track bed vibration absorber of this embodiment is a buried vibration isolator, and its structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.
  • the open type vibration isolator of the second embodiment is different, and the structure of the track bed plate body is also different from that of the second embodiment.
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of the track system in this embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is an exploded view of the structure of the buried vibration isolator in this embodiment.
  • a plurality of mounting seats 141 for the buried vibration isolators 140 are pre-embedded below the plate body 111 of this embodiment, and the structure of the buried vibration isolators 140 cannot be seen from above the plate body 111.
  • the buried vibration isolator 140 includes a mounting base 141, an elastic element 142, a height-adjusting gasket 143 and a limiting column 144.
  • the mounting base 141 is a metal embedded part, which is pre-set at a corresponding position in the steel frame when the concrete curved plate body 110 is poured.
  • the mounting base 141 is in the shape of a circular cover, and its shell has a thickness of 8 mm to 12 mm.
  • the upper end of the mounting base 141 has a ring of flange for increasing the adhesion and bearing capacity of the embedded mounting base 141 .
  • the elastic element 142 is generally cylindrical in shape, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting base 141 .
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in this embodiment.
  • the elastic element 142 includes an upper spring-supported housing 1421 , a lower spring-supported housing 1422 , a rubber spring 1423 and a plurality of limiting rubber rings 1424 .
  • the spring support upper housing 1421 is made of metal material and is in the shape of a circular cover.
  • the inner surface of the top has a circular embedding groove 14211.
  • the shape and size of the embedding groove 14211 match the upper end of the rubber spring 1423.
  • the spring support lower shell 1422 is also made of metal material and has a circular cover shape, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the spring support upper shell 1421, so the two can be fitted together, and the spring support upper shell 1421 is covered in
  • the spring supports the outside of the lower housing 1422 to form a covering structure.
  • the inner diameter of the spring support lower housing 1422 matches the rubber spring 1423.
  • the outer periphery of the spring-supported lower housing 1422 has two annular rubber ring installation grooves 14221 for fitting and installing the limiting rubber ring 1424; the middle of the bottom surface of the spring-supported lower housing 1422 has a circular limiting post. Installation slot 14222 is used to install the limiting column 144.
  • the structure of the rubber spring 1423 is the same as in Embodiment 1.
  • the rubber spring 1423 is disposed inside the covering structure formed by fitting the upper spring supporting housing 1421 and the lower spring supporting housing 1422.
  • the upper end of the rubber spring 1423 is embedded in the embedding groove 14211 and fixed by bonding; the lower end of the rubber spring 1423 is embedded in the spring support lower housing 1422 and is also fixed by bonding.
  • the two limiting rubber rings 1424 are respectively fitted into the two rubber ring mounting grooves 14221 of the spring-supported lower housing 1422, and the limiting rubber rings 1424 protrude outward from the rubber ring mounting grooves 14221, and the limiting rubber rings 1424 protrude.
  • the protruding part abuts the inner surface of the spring-supported upper housing 1421, thereby forming a lateral limit for the upper and lower housings.
  • the height-adjusting gasket 143 is used to adjust the installation height of the elastic element 142, thereby adjusting the height of the upper surface of the track bed plate 110 everywhere.
  • the height-adjusting gasket 143 is a circular sheet-shaped metal piece, and its diameter is substantially consistent with the diameter of the elastic element 142 .
  • a circular relief hole is provided in the middle of the height-adjusting gasket 143 for the limiting column 144 to pass through during installation.
  • the height-adjusting gasket 143 has a variety of rules and has different thicknesses, ranging from 2 mm to 25 mm. According to actual needs, each vibration isolator can be provided with one or more height-adjusting pads 143.
  • the structure of the limiting column 144 is the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the buried vibration isolator in this embodiment, which shows the state in which the buried vibration isolator 140 is installed.
  • the mounting base 141 is embedded in the lower part of the curved plate body 110, forming a circular mounting groove that opens downward, and the upper end of the elastic element 142 (i.e., the spring-supported upper housing 1421) is installed on the mounting base. 141, the lower end (ie, the spring-supported lower housing 1422) is placed on the base 200, and a lateral limit is formed by the limit column 144.
  • the installation process of buried vibration isolator 140 specifically includes the following steps:
  • step S3-1 the limiting post 144 is driven into the predetermined isolator position on the base 200.
  • Step S3-2 Place corresponding height-adjusting spacers 143 and elastic elements 142 in sequence at predetermined isolator positions on the base 200.
  • step S3-3 the prefabricated curved plate body 110 is placed on the base 200 through hoisting equipment, and each mounting seat 141 embedded below the curved plate body 110 is aligned with each elastic element 142 respectively.
  • each elastic element 142 After being aligned and put down, the upper end of each elastic element 142 is embedded in the corresponding mounting seat 141, and the curved plate body 110 enters the spring-supported state.
  • Step S3-4a determine whether there is looseness according to the detection result of step S3-4. If it is determined to be yes, it will proceed to step S3-5. If it is determined to be no, it will enter the end state.
  • step S3-5 the curved plate body 110 is lifted up again through the hoisting equipment, and the height-adjusting gasket 143 under the unstressed elastic element 142 is replaced according to the force detection result, and then returns to step S3-4.
  • All elastic elements 142 should be fully stressed. If it is found that some elastic elements 142 are loose and unstressed, the curved plate body 110 will be lifted up again, and the required height adjustment shims will be recalculated based on the force detection results. 143, and replace the height-adjusting gaskets 143 accordingly, and then return to step S3-4 to perform force detection again. Repeat this process until all elastic elements 142 are fully stressed, thereby ensuring the track vibration damping effect and operational safety.
  • the buried vibration isolator 140 of this embodiment only includes a pre-embedded mounting base 141, an elastic element 142, a height-adjusting gasket 143 and a limiting column 144. Therefore, the structure is streamlined, the installation is convenient, and the track construction time can be greatly reduced.
  • the rubber spring 1423 is arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the spring support upper housing 1421 and the spring support lower housing 1422. Therefore, the lateral and longitudinal deformation of the rubber spring 1423 is reasonably restrained by the covering structure. , and avoids the influence of external debris, dust, etc. on the rubber spring 1423, so it is beneficial to maintain the ideal stiffness of the rubber spring 1423, ensure its vibration reduction effect, and increase its service life.
  • the buried vibration isolator 140 is arranged below the plate body 111, and the vibration isolator structure cannot be seen from above the plate body 111. Therefore, the track bed plate 110 of this embodiment also has the advantages of beautiful appearance and good integrity. At the same time, because the buried vibration isolator 140 is only provided below the plate body 111, the buried vibration isolator 140 can be placed directly under the rail 300 to achieve a better vibration reduction effect.
  • This embodiment provides a vibration damping system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system. Compared with the second embodiment, the difference is that the track bed vibration absorber of this embodiment is a superimposed vibration isolator, and its structure is the same as that of the second embodiment. The open type vibration isolator of the second embodiment is different.
  • Figure 23 is an exploded view of the structure of the stacked vibration isolator in this embodiment.
  • the stacked vibration isolator 150 includes an outer sleeve 151 , a locking washer 152 , a height-adjusting washer 153 and an elastic element 154 .
  • the outer sleeve 151 is made of metal material and has a through-type circular cylindrical structure.
  • the overall height ie, the length of the outer sleeve 151
  • the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 has two sets of inner-sleeve protrusions 1511 , each group includes three, and the three in one set are distributed at the same height inside the sleeve and evenly distributed along the central axis of the outer sleeve 151 .
  • the two groups of inner protrusions 1511 are aligned in the vertical direction. That is to say, two circles of step-like structures are formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 , among which the upper one is the lifting step 1512 and the lower one is the supporting step 1513 .
  • the outer sleeve 151 is a pre-embedded outer sleeve, which is embedded in the concrete slab 111 when the concrete slab 111 is cast.
  • two pairs of fixing pins 1514 are provided outside the outer sleeve 151.
  • the two pairs of fixing pins 1514 is arranged at different heights on the outer sleeve 151, and the extending directions are perpendicular to each other, that is, arranged in a cross, for binding and fixing in reinforced concrete slabs; the lower end of the outer sleeve 151 has a circle of outwardly protruding flange 1515 , forming a skirt structure to increase the adhesion and load-bearing capacity of the embedded outer sleeve.
  • the structures of the locking gasket 152 and the height-adjusting gasket 153 are the same as those in the second embodiment.
  • Figure 24 is an exploded view of the structure of the elastic element in this embodiment.
  • Figure 25 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic element in this embodiment.
  • the elastic element 154 includes a support tube 1541, a support base 1542, two vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, a spring connection component 1544, and a spring limiting component 1545.
  • the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542 respectively provide support for the stacked rubber spring 1543 from top to bottom.
  • the spring connection component 1544 is used to connect the two rubber springs 1543 into a whole
  • the spring limiting component 1545 is used to form the two rubber springs 153 into a whole.
  • the two ends of the whole body are respectively fixed in the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542.
  • Figure 26 is a three-dimensional structural view of the support tube in this embodiment.
  • Figure 27 is a cross-sectional view of the support tube in this embodiment.
  • the support tube 1541 is made of metal and is used to provide support for the upper end of the stacked rubber spring 153.
  • the support tube 1541 has a semi-enclosed structure and includes a plate-shaped top 15411, a first cylindrical part 15412, an internal support plate 15413 and a second cylindrical part 15414.
  • the outer contour shape of the plate-shaped top 15411 is consistent with the height-adjusting gasket 153 , and its thickness is thicker than the height-adjusting gasket 153 .
  • the ends of the three first installation grooves 1523 of the gasket 153 are also used for insertion of installation tools during installation.
  • the three mounting holes on the top of the support tube 1541, the mounting grooves of the locking gasket 152, and the height-adjusting gasket 153 can form three connector mounting holes that pass through in the vertical direction.
  • the first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414 are both circular and cylindrical with the same diameter. The difference is that the length of the first cylindrical part 15412 is fixed, and the length of the second cylindrical part 15414 can be determined according to the rubber spring. 1543 size and quantity adjustment, the length of the second cylindrical part 15414 should be such that when none of the rubber springs 1543 are stressed (when the overall height of the multiple rubber springs 1543 is maximum), the second cylindrical part 15414 and the support base 1542 are still embedded. combine.
  • a plurality of latch holes 15414a are opened above the second cylindrical portion 15414 for arranging corresponding components in the spring limiting assembly 1545. In this embodiment, there are four latch holes 15414a, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the second cylindrical part 15414.
  • the inner support plate 15413 is a circular metal plate, welded between the first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414, and has the same diameter as the first cylindrical part 15412 and the second cylindrical part 15414.
  • the inner support plate 15413 and the second cylindrical portion 15414 form a downward circular opening for installing the rubber spring 1543.
  • Figure 28 is a three-dimensional structural view of the support base in this embodiment.
  • the support base 1542 is used to support and limit the lower end of the stacked rubber spring 153.
  • the support base 1542 is also made of metal material and is in the shape of a circular cover, and its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the second cylindrical part 15414, so it can be slidably fitted into the second cylindrical part 15414.
  • the inner wall of the support base 1542 has a circle of limiter installation grooves 15421 and a square relief groove 15422.
  • the limiter installation groove 15421 is used to install the corresponding parts of the spring limit assembly 1545
  • the square relief groove 15422 is used to install the spring limiter assembly 1545.
  • the corresponding structure in the spring limit assembly 1545 gives way.
  • the structure of the two rubber springs 1543 is the same as in Embodiment 1.
  • Two rubber springs 1543 are vertically stacked and connected as a whole through a spring connection assembly 1544.
  • the two rubber springs 1543 are integrally arranged inside the covering structure formed by the fitting of the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542.
  • Figure 29 is a three-dimensional structural view of the spring connector in this embodiment.
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view of the spring connector in this embodiment.
  • Fig. 31 is an enlarged view of the portion within frame A in Fig. 24.
  • the spring connection assembly 1544 includes a spring connection piece 15441, a plurality of connection piece fixing pieces 15442, and a plurality of fixing pieces 15443.
  • the spring connector 15441 is an integrally formed piece made of metal and has an annular peripheral portion 54411 and a circular disk body 54412 formed within the circle of the peripheral portion 54411. Both sides of the peripheral portion 54411 extend vertically from both sides of the disk body 54412. out, and the inner diameter of the peripheral portion 54411 matches the diameter of the rubber spring 1543.
  • the cross section of the spring connector 15441 is H-shaped. Therefore, on both sides of the disk 54412, the peripheral portion 54411 and the disk 54412 form a pair of circular fitting grooves 54413 for fitting the ends of the rubber springs 1543. A pair of fitting grooves 54413 are provided opposite to each other, with the openings facing both sides respectively.
  • fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a there are four square fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a on the peripheral portion 54411.
  • the bottom of the fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a has fixing piece mounting holes 54411b for fitting and installing the connecting piece fixing piece 15442 and setting the fixing piece 15443.
  • the four fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a are evenly distributed along the circumference.
  • the connector fixing piece 15442 is a "U"-shaped metal piece with a through connector mounting hole in the middle.
  • the connector fixing piece 15442 is fitted and installed in the fixing piece mounting groove 54411a, and is fixed by the fixing piece 15443.
  • the fixing part 15443 is a screw.
  • the two ends of the connector fixing piece 15442 respectively extend toward the two fitting grooves 54413 to form a hook-shaped structure.
  • the lower end of the upper rubber spring 1543 is fitted into the circular fitting groove 54413 above the spring connector 15441, and the upper end of the lower rubber spring 1543 is fitted into the circular fitting groove 54413 below the spring connector 15441.
  • slot 54413 and is fixed through four connecting piece fixing pieces 15442 and four fixing pieces 15443.
  • the connecting piece fixed piece 15442 and the spring connecting piece 15441 form a hook-like structure to catch the end of the rubber spring 1543, thereby connecting the two superimposed rubber springs 1543 into an integrated elastic structure.
  • the two ends of the two stacked rubber springs 1543 are also fixed by the spring limiting assembly 1545.
  • the spring limiting assembly 1545 includes a pair of top limiting parts 15451 , a bottom limiting part 15452 , a plurality of limiting pins 15453 and a plurality of positioning posts 15454 .
  • the number of positioning posts 15454 is set according to the number of rubber springs 1543, which is two in this embodiment.
  • Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of the top stopper in this embodiment.
  • the top stopper 15451 is used to fix the upper end of the uppermost rubber spring 1543 in the support tube 1541.
  • the top stopper 15451 is an arc-shaped metal piece with an L-shaped cross-section. Therefore, after installation, it can not only block the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 laterally, but also buckle the upper end of the rubber spring 1543.
  • the plurality of limit pins 15453 respectively pass through the plurality of pin holes 15414a on the second cylindrical part 15414, and press the pair of top limiters 15451 toward the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 from multiple directions, thereby firmly buckling it. Close the upper end of rubber spring 1543.
  • the bottom limiter 15452 is a snap spring, which is fitted in the limiter installation groove 15421 of the support base 1542 and protrudes outward from the groove to engage the lower end of the bottom rubber spring 1543 with the support base. Within 1542.
  • the diameter of the connection position of the two rubber springs 1543 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the support tube 1511. Therefore, during the elastic vibration damping process, the two rubber springs 1543 The ends are well restricted, so that the overall elastic structure formed by multiple rubber springs 1543 remains stable during the expansion and contraction process.
  • the positioning post 15454 is composed of two cylindrical sections, one of which has a larger diameter, so a stepped structure is formed in the middle of the positioning post 15454.
  • the cylindrical section with a smaller diameter of the positioning post 15454 is embedded in the positioning post installation groove 15413a of the internal support plate 15413, and the cylindrical section with a larger diameter is embedded in the positioning post embedding groove 15431 at the upper end of the rubber spring 1543, so that the rubber spring 1543 The horizontal position is limited, and the step structure in the middle makes it difficult to come out.
  • the elastic element 154 can be pre-assembled as a whole and only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction.
  • the elastic element 154 includes two vertically superimposed rubber springs 1543.
  • the elastic element 154 can also include more vertically superimposed rubber springs 1543, and the two adjacent rubber springs 1543 are separated by the above-mentioned Just use the spring connection component 1544 to connect.
  • the process of installing the stacked vibration isolator 150 is basically the same as that of the third embodiment, so the description will not be repeated.
  • the track bed plate 110, the track bed 100 and the track system 10 provided in this embodiment, multiple stacked vibration isolators 150 are used to form a floating plate form, so the same vibration reduction as in the second embodiment can be achieved. Noise effect.
  • the elastic element 154 of the superposed vibration isolator 150 includes a plurality of vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, which are connected as a whole through the spring connection assembly 1544, and the uppermost rubber spring 1543 and the lowermost rubber spring 1543 are connected by the spring.
  • the limiting components 1545 are respectively fixed in the support tube 1541 and the support base 1542 to form an integral elastic element 154 .
  • the elastic element 154 can be pre-assembled and only needs to be installed as a whole during track construction, so it is easy to install and maintain and can greatly reduce the time of track construction.
  • the elastic element 154 includes a plurality of vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, its stiffness has a wide adjustable range, and the overall height of the superimposed vibration isolator 150 has a wide adjustable range.
  • the overall stiffness is 1/2 of a single rubber spring 1543; in the case of three superimposed rubber springs 1543, the overall stiffness is 1/3 of a single rubber spring 1543, so that And so on. Even if the material formula and manufacturing process are adjusted, the stiffness of a single rubber spring 1543 is difficult to reach such a numerical range. Therefore, compared with a single rubber spring 1543, the elastic element 154 of this embodiment has a greatly increased stiffness range and can be well applied to Various working conditions.
  • This embodiment provides a vibration damping system for a track bed, a track bed plate, a track bed and a track system.
  • the track bed vibration absorber of this embodiment is a steel spring isolator, and its structure is similar to that of the second embodiment.
  • the open type vibration isolator of the second embodiment is different.
  • Figure 33 is a cross-sectional view of the steel spring isolator in this embodiment.
  • the steel spring isolator 160 includes an outer sleeve 161 , a locking washer 162 , a height-adjusting washer 163 , an elastic element 164 , a protective cover 165 and a broken spring indicator 166 .
  • the structures of the outer sleeve 161, the locking gasket 162, and the height-adjusting gasket 163 are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.
  • the elastic element 164 includes a support tube 1641 , a support base 1642 , a pair of spring end stoppers 1643 , a first steel spring 1644 and a second steel spring 1645 .
  • the structures of the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642 are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
  • the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642 are also spring housings used to accommodate steel springs.
  • a pair of spring end stoppers 1643 are respectively provided at the middle of the inner top surface of the support tube 1641 and the middle of the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642.
  • the cross-section of the spring end limiter 1643 is generally T-shaped, and it has a first cylindrical section 16431 and a second cylindrical section 16432, and the diameter of the second cylindrical section 16432 is smaller than the first cylindrical section 16431, so The middle portion of the end face of the first cylindrical section 16431 extends out. Therefore, one annular end of the second steel spring 1645 can be sleeved on the second cylindrical section 16432 and abut against the first cylindrical section 16431, thereby limiting both ends of the second steel spring 1645.
  • a cylindrical protrusion is formed on the other side of the first cylindrical section 16431, and the cylindrical protrusion of the upper spring end stopper 1643 is fitted and fixed in the stopper embedding groove on the inner top surface of the support tube 1641.
  • the cylindrical protrusion of the lower spring end stopper 1643 is fitted and fixed in the circular mounting hole on the inner bottom surface of the support base 1642.
  • the first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are both arranged inside the covering space formed by the fitting of the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642. Among them, the overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is larger than the second steel spring 1645, and the overall diameter of the first steel spring 1644 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the support base 1642, and its two ends are respectively embedded in the support tube 1641 and the support base 1642.
  • the second steel spring 1645 is set in the first steel spring 1644.
  • the first steel spring 1644 and the second steel spring 1645 are both made of wound steel bars.
  • the diameter of the steel bars of the first steel spring 1644 is larger than that of the second steel spring 1645.
  • the steel bars of the second steel spring 1645 are wound. Make more turns.
  • the protective cover 165 is a metal plate-shaped piece, and its outer contour shape matches the shape of the upper end surface of the outer sleeve 161. It is used to seal the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 161 after the vibration isolator is installed to prevent dust and debris. Objects can enter through the upper opening.
  • a circular relief hole is provided in the middle of the protective cover 165 .
  • the structure of the limiting column 167 is the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • Figure 34 is a three-dimensional structural view of the broken spring indicator of this embodiment.
  • Figure 35 is an exploded structural view of the spring indicator of this embodiment.
  • the broken spring indicator 166 includes an indicator fixing plate 1661, an indicating rod mounting base 1662, a magnet 1663, a fastening nut 1664, a broken spring indicating rod 1665 and a reflective indicating sticker 1666.
  • the indicator fixing plate 1661 is a triangular plate made of metal. Three fixing plate mounting holes 16611 are respectively provided near the three ends of the triangle. The distribution of the three fixing plate mounting holes 16611 is consistent with the elastic element 164 and height adjustment. The distribution of the three mounting holes and mounting slots of the gasket 163 is consistent. Therefore, the indicator fixing plate 1661 is set above the locking gasket 162. The bolts and nuts can also be used with the locking gasket 162 and the height-adjusting gasket. 163 and elastic element 164 are fastened together.
  • the indicator rod mounting base 1662 is made of the same material as the indicator fixing plate 1661. It is cylindrical in shape as a whole and has an indicating rod mounting hole 16621 in the middle. The indicating rod mounting hole 16621 has internal threads.
  • the magnet 1663 is a powerful magnet capable of adsorbing to the metal material of the indicator fixing plate 1661. It is cylindrical and attracts and fixes the indicator rod mounting base 1662 on the indicator fixing plate 1661.
  • the broken spring indicating rod 1665 is a cylindrical metal rod, one end of which has an external thread (not shown in the figure). This end is screwed into the indicating rod mounting hole 16621 of the indicating rod mounting base 1662 and is locked by a fastening nut 1664 Tight; the other end is affixed with a reflective indication sticker 1666, which is also the indication end of the entire broken spring indicator 166.
  • the protective cover 165 has a circular relief hole in the middle for allowing one end of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 with the reflective indicator sticker 1666 to pass through.
  • the length of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 is slightly larger than the distance from the bottom surface of the indicator rod installation hole 16621 to the top surface of the protective cover 165. After the installation is completed, the end with the reflective indicator sticker 1666 is exposed from above the protective cover 165.
  • Figure 33 shows the overall state diagram of the vibration isolator when both steel springs are in a normal state.
  • the reflective indicator sticker 1666 is exposed from above the protective cover 165.
  • the maintenance worker can observe the reflective indicator sticker 1666 and learn that the steel spring is in normal condition. The state of the spring.
  • the broken spring indicator 166 can be pre-assembled, installed in the state shown in Figure 34, and assembled as a whole when the vibration isolator is installed.
  • step S2-6a put in the broken spring indicator 166 and rotate it so that it matches the locking gasket and the adjustment Height washers and the like form a plurality of through-connection mounting holes
  • step S2-6b connect the broken spring indicator 166, the locking washer 162, the height-adjusting washer 163 and the elastic element 164 through the connectors.
  • step S2-7 when it is installed on the protective cover 165, the end of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 with the reflective indicator sticker 1666 is passed through the relief hole in the middle of the protective cover 165.
  • multiple steel spring isolators 160 are used to form a floating plate form, so the same vibration reduction as in Embodiment 2 can be achieved. Noise effect.
  • the elastic element 164 includes two steel springs with different diameters and a nested structure arranged in the spring housing. Therefore, when one of them breaks and fails, the other steel spring can still play a certain supporting role and provide a certain system redundancy. It improves the safety of the track; such a setting also increases flexibility.
  • one of the steel springs can be used as a standard part with fixed stiffness, and the other steel spring can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that it can be more convenient and faster Adjust the overall stiffness of the elastic element 164.
  • the steel spring isolator 160 also includes a broken spring indicator 166 disposed above the elastic element 164, which indicates the status of the two steel springs through a broken spring indicator rod 1665 with a reflective indicator sticker 1666 attached to one end.
  • the reflective indicator sticker 1666 can be observed from the outside; when one or both of the two springs break and fail, the overall height of the elastic element 164 is reduced, driving the broken spring indicator rod 1665 on it.
  • the reflective indicator sticker 1666 cannot be observed from the outside, thereby intuitively indicating the status of the two steel springs, making it easier for maintenance workers to observe and perform timely maintenance and replacement.
  • broken spring indicators include pointer type, electronic trigger type, etc., and their structural complexity and cost are higher than the solution of this embodiment.
  • the broken spring indicator 166 of this embodiment is simple, effective and low-cost. Due to the track The number of vibration isolators used in the whole application is large, so using the broken spring indicator 166 of this embodiment can save a lot of costs while ensuring the detection effect.
  • the broken spring indicator rod 1665 is installed on the indicator rod mounting base 1662, which is fixed on the indicator fixing plate 1661 through the magnet 1663.
  • the steel spring isolator 160 has a certain lateral position.
  • the installation position of the broken spring indicator rod 1665 can be easily adjusted by moving the magnet part 1663 and adjusting its adsorption position, ensuring that the reflective indicator sticker 1666 is properly exposed, which facilitates construction.
  • each track bed plate 110 is provided with one track bed resonator 180, one track bed vibration damping pad 190 or 3 to 5 vibration isolators.
  • different numbers of track bed resonators 180, track bed vibration damping pads 190 or vibration isolators can also be provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'amortissement de vibrations pour un lit de voie ferrée, une dalle de lit de voie ferrée (110), un lit de voie ferrée (100) et un système de rail. Deux formes d'amortissement de vibrations, à savoir un résonateur de lit de voie ferrée (180) et un amortisseur de vibrations de lit de voie ferrée, sont fournies. Étant donné qu'un résonateur de lit de voie ferrée (180) est utilisé, le résonateur de lit de voie ferrée (180) ayant une carte de résonance (181), qui peut modifier la fréquence inhérente de la dalle de lit de voie ferrée (110) et du lit de voie ferrée (100) dans son ensemble, la fréquence de vibration du lit de voie ferrée (100) et la fréquence inhérente des installations environnantes ont une différence de bande de fréquences et ne sont pas dans la même fréquence de résonance, permettant ainsi d'éviter ou de réduire l'influence du bruit de vibration. Étant donné qu'un amortisseur de vibrations de lit de voie ferrée est utilisé, l'amortisseur de vibrations de lit de voie ferrée étant un patin d'amortissement de vibrations (190), un antivibrateur à ressort en acier (160) ou un antivibrateur à ressort en caoutchouc, et ayant une unité élastique, qui peut absorber et réduire l'énergie d'impact des vibrations générée lorsqu'un train se déplace, un effet d'amortissement des vibrations du rail et de réduction du bruit peut être obtenu. Deux modes d'amortissement de vibrations ayant différents principes sont combinés, et des avantages complémentaires sont obtenus au moyen des deux modes, de telle sorte qu'un effet d'amortissement des vibrations du rail et de réduction du bruit plus souhaitable peut être obtenu.
PCT/CN2022/139192 2022-07-23 2022-12-15 Système d'amortissement de vibrations pour lit de voie ferrée, dalle de lit de voie ferrée, lit de voie ferrée et système de rail WO2024021443A1 (fr)

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CN202210871606.7A CN116516739A (zh) 2022-07-23 2022-07-23 道床用减振系统、道床板、道床以及轨道系统

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