WO2024020948A1 - 电池以及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池以及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024020948A1
WO2024020948A1 PCT/CN2022/108700 CN2022108700W WO2024020948A1 WO 2024020948 A1 WO2024020948 A1 WO 2024020948A1 CN 2022108700 W CN2022108700 W CN 2022108700W WO 2024020948 A1 WO2024020948 A1 WO 2024020948A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
chamber
cavity
pressure relief
substance
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PCT/CN2022/108700
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈小波
胡璐
王学辉
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/108700 priority Critical patent/WO2024020948A1/zh
Publication of WO2024020948A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024020948A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery and an electrical device.
  • Electric vehicles have become an important part of the sustainable development of the automobile industry due to their advantages in energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • battery technology is an important factor related to their development.
  • this application provides a battery and an electrical device.
  • the battery can process the gaseous combustibles released by its battery cells, reduce the possibility of combustion, and have good safety performance.
  • the application provides a battery, including: a casing having a receiving cavity; a battery cell disposed in the receiving cavity; the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, and the first pressure relief mechanism is used to release the battery cell. Substances in the body; a processing medium, which is arranged in the housing and used to react with the substance, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced; a second pressure relief mechanism, which is arranged in the housing, and is used to react with the treatment fluid The reacted material is discharged out of the shell.
  • the battery includes a casing, a battery cell, a processing medium and a second pressure relief mechanism.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell can remove substances generated by thermal runaway in the battery cell, such as flammable gases. Release, since the processing medium is provided in the casing, the processing medium can react with the substance released by the battery cell, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced, thereby reducing the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance discharged by the second pressure relief mechanism, Reduce the possibility of combustion of gaseous combustibles, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • the substance includes combustible particles and combustible gas
  • the predetermined parameter includes at least one of a temperature of the substance, a concentration of combustible particles, and a concentration of combustible gas.
  • the battery provided by the embodiments of the present application has a higher temperature of combustible particles and combustible gas, and a higher concentration of combustible particles and combustible gas.
  • the predetermined parameters include at least one of the temperature of the substance, the concentration of combustible particles, and the concentration of combustible gas
  • the treatment medium can reduce the temperature of the substance, reduce the concentration of combustible particles, or reduce the concentration of combustible gas after reacting with the substance. concentration, thereby reducing the probability of combustion.
  • a side portion of the battery cell facing away from the first pressure relief mechanism is located within the processing medium.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the above arrangement, allows the processing medium to be directly placed in the accommodation cavity after the battery cell is installed in the casing, which facilitates the assembly of the processing medium, and the material released by the first pressure relief mechanism can Under the action of gravity and other internal pressures, the material can flow downward into the processing medium and react with the processing medium. After the pressure in the accommodation chamber reaches a predetermined level, the reacted material will be discharged to the outside of the housing through the second pressure relief mechanism. . It can not only meet the requirements for processing substances released by battery cells, but also reduce the values of predetermined parameters. At the same time, this setting method has little change in the structure of the battery and the grouping process.
  • the battery further includes a separator.
  • the separator is disposed in the housing and is used to separate the accommodation chamber to form a first chamber and a second chamber.
  • the battery cell is disposed in the first chamber, and the processing medium is disposed in the third chamber. Two chambers, the first chamber is connected with the second chamber.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application can use the partition to separate the accommodation cavity to form a first chamber and a second chamber, so that the battery cells and the processing medium can be independently installed, and the partition can provide the processing medium with The blocking effect of movement prevents the battery from vibrating during transportation or work, causing the processing medium to sway wantonly in the housing cavity, and improves the safety performance of the battery.
  • the partition is provided with a communication hole that communicates the first chamber and the second chamber, and the first pressure relief mechanism is disposed toward the partition and opposite to the communication hole.
  • the material released by the first pressure relief mechanism in the battery cell can directly enter the second chamber through the communication hole, and react with the processing medium in the second chamber, so that the temperature of the material and the concentration of combustible gas, combustible particles, etc. reduce.
  • the partition includes a first partition plate.
  • the first partition plate is disposed in the accommodation cavity and connected to the inner wall of the housing to separate the accommodation cavity into a first chamber and a second chamber.
  • the battery cell The body is supported on the first dividing plate.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure by causing the separator to include a first separator plate, which facilitates processing, molding and connection with the case, and can satisfy the installation and support effects of the battery cells.
  • the partition further includes a second partition plate.
  • the second partition plate divides the first chamber to form a first sub-cavity and a second sub-cavity.
  • the first sub-cavity and the second sub-cavity are respectively connected with the first sub-cavity.
  • the two chambers are connected, the battery cell is disposed in the first sub-cavity, and the second pressure relief mechanism is disposed on the wall portion of the housing that forms the second sub-cavity.
  • the separator adopts the above structural form, which is conducive to allowing the released material to directly enter the second chamber to react with the treatment medium and then be discharged from the second sub-chamber and the second pressure relief mechanism, shortening the path of material circulation. And it can prevent the substances that have reacted with the treatment medium from entering the second chamber from the first sub-chamber again, ensuring the reaction effect between the substances released by the first pressure relief valve and the treatment medium.
  • the first partition plate intersects the second partition plate and is an integral structure with the second partition plate.
  • the volume of the treatment medium is less than the volume of the second chamber.
  • the battery further includes a seal, which can switch from a first state to a second state under a predetermined pressure; in the first state, the seal seals the processing medium to limit the flow of the processing medium to the battery cell. Movement; in the second state, the seal releases the treatment medium so that the treatment medium reacts with the substance.
  • a seal which can switch from a first state to a second state under a predetermined pressure; in the first state, the seal seals the processing medium to limit the flow of the processing medium to the battery cell. Movement; in the second state, the seal releases the treatment medium so that the treatment medium reacts with the substance.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing bag film.
  • the processing medium is filled and sealed in the sealing bag film.
  • the sealing bag film is at least partially melted by heat, and the processing medium overflows from the sealing bag film and interacts with the sealing bag film. material reaction.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing bag film, which can effectively ensure that the sealing member can switch from the first state to the second state.
  • the structure is simple and is conducive to passive release of treatment media.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing bag film and a control valve.
  • the control valve In the first state, the control valve is closed, and the processing medium is filled and sealed in the sealing bag film. In the second state, the control valve is opened, and the processing medium is filled by the sealing bag film. Spill and react with substances.
  • the sealing member includes a sealing bag film and a control valve, and the opening and closing of the sealing bag film can be realized by opening and closing the control valve. Achieve active control of the sealed bag film.
  • the housing includes a box body and a cover, the box body and the cover together form a receiving cavity, and the second pressure relief mechanism is disposed on a side wall of the box body.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application facilitates the release of the medium after the reaction between the substance and the processing medium by arranging the second pressure relief mechanism on the side wall of the box.
  • the treatment medium is in a liquid state.
  • the battery provided in the embodiments of the present application facilitates the reaction with the substance by making the processing medium in a liquid state, so as to reduce the temperature of the substance and the concentration of combustible particles and combustible gases.
  • the treatment medium includes at least one of ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid.
  • the battery provided in the embodiments of the present application by making the processing medium include ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid, is not only highly inert and difficult to chemically react with substances, but also helps improve the safety of the processing liquid during use, and can also quickly Vaporization takes away the heat in the material, and at the same time, the vaporized treatment liquid can also reduce the concentration of combustible particles or combustible gas in the material.
  • the battery further includes a sealing fluid having a density less than the density of the processing medium.
  • the sealing liquid is provided and the density of the sealing liquid is smaller than the density of the processing medium, so that the sealing liquid can float on the processing medium, reducing the volatilization loss of the processing medium, and ensuring the protection of substances released by the battery cells. processing effect.
  • the treatment medium is in a solid state and the treatment medium includes an oxidant.
  • the battery provided by the embodiments of the present application can also meet the media reaction requirements for the release of battery cells by making the processing medium in a solid state.
  • the present application provides an electrical device, including the above-mentioned battery.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the battery according to the embodiment shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of a battery provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery provided by yet another embodiment of the present application.
  • a first feature “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in direct contact. Indirect contact through intermediaries.
  • the terms “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature is above the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • "Below”, “below” and “beneath” the first feature to the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a smaller horizontal height than the second feature.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles and electric cars, as well as in many fields such as military equipment and aerospace. . As the application fields of power batteries continue to expand, their market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of this application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • Batteries generally include a box for packaging one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the gas contains a certain proportion of flammable substances.
  • the corresponding pressure relief mechanism on the battery releases gas and other substances into the battery box.
  • the internal pressure of the box reaches the predetermined requirement the gas and other substances will be released out of the battery through the pressure relief mechanism on the box. Since the objects released outside the battery include a large amount of flammable substances, with the participation of combustion aids such as oxygen, they can easily be ignited by tiny ignition sources, causing violent combustion and even the risk of battery explosion.
  • the inventor found that the temperature, concentration and other parameters of the combustible substances in the gas can be reduced before the gas in the box is released to the outside of the battery, thereby reducing the emission of gas from the battery. combustion probability and improve battery safety performance.
  • the battery includes a casing, a battery cell, a processing medium and a second pressure relief mechanism.
  • the casing has an accommodation cavity, and the battery cell is arranged in the accommodation cavity.
  • the battery cell has a first pressure relief mechanism, and the first pressure relief mechanism is used to release substances in the battery cell.
  • the processing medium is disposed in the housing and used to react with the substance, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced.
  • a second pressure relief mechanism is provided on the housing, and the second pressure relief mechanism is used to discharge substances that react with the treatment liquid out of the housing.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell can release substances such as flammable gases generated by thermal runaway in the battery cell. Since a processing medium is provided in the casing, the substances released by the processing medium and the battery cell can be released. The reaction reduces the value of the predetermined parameter in the material, thereby reducing the value of the predetermined parameter in the material discharged by the second pressure relief mechanism, reducing the possibility of combustion of gaseous combustibles, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, cell phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys and electric airplane toys, etc.
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, planers and more.
  • the embodiments of this application impose no special restrictions on the above-mentioned electrical devices.
  • the following embodiments take the electrical equipment as a vehicle as an example.
  • a battery 100 is disposed inside a vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300 .
  • the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to provide power to the motor 300 , for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 includes a casing 10 , a battery cell 20 , a processing medium 30 and a second pressure relief mechanism 40 .
  • the housing 10 has a receiving cavity 13 , and the battery cell 20 is disposed in the receiving cavity 13 .
  • the battery cell 20 has a first pressure relief mechanism 24 , and the first pressure relief mechanism 24 is used to release the material in the battery cell 20 .
  • the processing medium 30 is disposed in the housing 10 and is used to react with the substance, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided in the housing 10 , and is used to discharge substances that react with the treatment liquid out of the housing 10 .
  • the housing 10 is used to provide a sealed space for the battery cell 20.
  • the housing 10 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. In FIG. 2 , as an example, the housing 10 is a rectangular parallelepiped.
  • the housing 21 may include a box body 11 and a cover 12 , and the box body 11 and the cover 12 cover each other to define a space for accommodating the battery cells 20 .
  • Accommodating cavity 13 The box 11 can be a hollow structure with one side open, and the cover 12 can also be a hollow structure with one side open. The open side of the cover 12 is closed with the open side of the box 11 to form a shell 21 with a sealed space.
  • the box body 11 can also be a hollow structure with one side open, and the cover 12 can also be a flat plate structure, and the two are interlocked.
  • a battery there may be one or multiple battery cells 20 . If there are multiple battery cells 20 , the multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in mixed connection. Mixed connection means that the multiple battery cells 20 are both connected in series and in parallel.
  • the plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole composed of the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the casing 21 .
  • multiple battery cells 20 may be first connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a battery module, and then multiple battery modules may be connected in series, parallel, or mixed to form a whole, and be accommodated in the casing 21 .
  • the battery cell 20 may be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a rectangular parallelepiped or other shapes.
  • the battery 100 may further include a bus component, through which the multiple battery cells 20 may be electrically connected to achieve series, parallel, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 20 .
  • a bus component through which the multiple battery cells 20 may be electrically connected to achieve series, parallel, or mixed connection of the multiple battery cells 20 .
  • the positive electrode terminal of one battery cell 20 is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the other battery cell 20 through a bus component to realize the series connection of the two battery cells 20 .
  • the battery cell 20 may include a casing 21 , an electrode assembly 22 , an end cap assembly 23 and a first pressure relief mechanism.
  • the casing 21 has an opening 211
  • the electrode assembly 22 is accommodated in the casing 21
  • the end cap assembly 23 includes a cover.
  • the plate 231 and the electrode terminal 232 , the cover plate 231 is used to cover the opening 211
  • the electrode terminal 232 is used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the outer casing 21 can also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., which are not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the housing 21 can be in various shapes, such as cylinder, cuboid, etc.
  • the shape of the housing 21 can be determined according to the specific shape of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the housing 21 can have a cylindrical structure; if the electrode assembly 22 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the housing 21 can have a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • both the housing 21 and the electrode assembly 22 have a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may include a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may be a roll-type structure formed by rolling a positive electrode sheet, a separator film, and a negative electrode sheet.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may also be a stacked structure formed by a stacked arrangement of positive electrode sheets, isolation films, and negative electrode sheets.
  • the electrode assembly 22 may also include tabs, specifically, it may include a positive tab 221 and a negative tab 222, which may be a positive current collector in the positive sheet that is not coated with a positive active material layer as the positive tab 221.
  • the negative electrode tab 222 may be a negative electrode current collector that is not coated with a negative electrode active material layer in the negative electrode sheet.
  • the cover plate 231 of the end cap assembly 23 is used to cover the opening 211 of the housing 21 to form a sealed space for accommodating the battery cells 20 (not shown). Confined spaces are also used to contain electrolytes, such as electrolytes.
  • the electrode terminal 232 of the end cap assembly 23 serves as a component for outputting electric energy of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the electrode terminal 232 is used for electrical connection with the electrode assembly 22 , that is, the electrode terminal 232 is electrically connected to the tab of the electrode assembly 22 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 can be provided on the cover plate 231 of the end cover assembly 23 , and of course can also be provided on the housing 21 . When provided on the housing 21 , it can be provided on the bottom wall of the housing 21 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 may be in the form of a pressure relief valve.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 may also be a notch provided on the cover plate 231 or the housing 21 .
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 24 may be in the form of a pressure relief valve.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 may also be a notch on the housing 10 .
  • the substance released by the battery cell 20 may be a gaseous substance containing flammable components.
  • the treatment medium 30 may be a liquid medium or, of course, a solid medium.
  • the treatment medium 30 can be directly disposed in the casing 10 and in contact with the inner wall surface of the casing 10 , and the substances released by the battery cells 20 can directly react with the treatment substances in the accommodation cavity 13 to remove the battery cells 20 The value of a predetermined parameter in the substance released.
  • the processing medium 30 may also be distributed in an independent processing space that is connected to the first pressure relief mechanism 24 .
  • the processing space is located in the box 11 and is received by other components such as a holding container.
  • the material released from the battery cell 20 by the first pressure relief mechanism 24 can enter the release space connected thereto, react with the material, and then be discharged from the release space into the battery accommodation cavity, and finally be discharged from the battery 100 by the second pressure relief mechanism 40 external.
  • the processing medium 30 can also be disposed in a closed sealing structure.
  • the sealing structure can be located in the accommodation cavity 13 , and an actively opening switch can be provided on the structure.
  • the structure can When the battery 100 experiences thermal runaway, the structure can When the switch is turned on, the processing medium 30 overflows from the sealed structure and soaks the processing space.
  • the structure can also use a material with a lower melting point to wrap the processing medium 30. Under the uncontrolled high temperature of the battery 100, the material passively melts, causing the processing medium 30 to escape from the sealed structure. Internal overflow, immersion treatment space
  • the reaction between the treatment medium 30 and the substance can be understood as a chemical reaction and/or a physical reaction between the two.
  • some combustible substances in the substances discharged from the battery cells 20 can react with the treatment medium 30 to reduce the flammability. substances to reduce the concentration of combustible substances.
  • heat exchange can also be carried out between the treatment medium 30 and the substance to reduce the temperature of the combustible substance, which can also be understood as a reaction between the treatment medium 30 and the substance.
  • the substance may include combustible particles, dust, gas, etc.
  • the predetermined parameters may include the temperature of the substance, the concentration of combustible gas, the concentration of combustible particles, the weight ratio of combustible gas, the weight ratio of combustible particles, etc.
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 21, a battery cell 20, a processing medium 30 and a second pressure relief mechanism 40.
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 of the battery cell 20 can prevent thermal runaway in the battery cell 20.
  • the generated substances, such as flammable gases, are released.
  • the processing medium 30 is provided in the casing 21, the processing medium 30 can react with the substances released from the battery cells 20, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced, thereby reducing the amount of gas generated by the second gas.
  • the values of the predetermined parameters in the substances discharged by the pressure relief mechanism 40 reduce the possibility of combustion of gaseous combustible substances, thereby improving the safety of the battery system.
  • the substance includes combustible particles and combustible gas
  • the predetermined parameter includes at least one of a temperature of the substance, a concentration of combustible particles, and a concentration of combustible gas.
  • the substance may include only combustible particles, may include only combustible gas, and of course, may also include both combustible particles and combustible gas.
  • the temperature of a substance can be understood as the temperature of the whole formed by all the components including combustible particles, combustible gases, etc. included in the substance.
  • the predetermined parameter may include one of the temperature of the substance, the concentration of combustible particles, and the concentration of combustible gas, or a combination of the two, and of course may include all three at the same time.
  • the battery provided by the embodiments of the present application has a higher temperature of combustible particles and combustible gas, and a higher concentration of combustible particles and combustible gas.
  • the processing medium 30 can reduce the temperature of the substance, reduce the concentration of combustible particles, or reduce the concentration of combustible gas after reacting with the substance. concentration, thereby reducing the probability of combustion.
  • a side portion of the battery cell 20 facing away from the first pressure relief mechanism 24 is located in the processing medium 30 .
  • the processing medium 30 can be directly disposed in the containing chamber.
  • the rear part of the battery cell 20 placed in the accommodation cavity is located in the processing medium 30 .
  • the side of the battery cell 20 facing away from the first pressure relief mechanism 24 is located in the processing medium 30 .
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application, through the above arrangement, allows the processing medium 30 to be directly placed in the accommodation cavity 13 after the battery cell 20 is installed in the housing 21, which facilitates the assembly of the processing medium 30, and, by the first pressure relief
  • the material released by the mechanism 24 can flow downward into the processing medium 30 and react with the processing medium 30 under the action of gravity and other internal pressures.
  • the reacted substances are discharged to the outside of the housing 21 . It can not only meet the requirements for processing the substances released by the battery cells 20 and reduce the values of the predetermined parameters, but at the same time, this setting method has little change on the structure of the battery and the grouping process.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application also includes a partition 50 .
  • the partition 50 is disposed in the housing 10 and used to separate the accommodation cavity 13 .
  • a first chamber 131 and a second chamber 132 are formed, the battery cell 20 is placed in the first chamber 131, the processing medium 30 is placed in the second chamber 132, and the first chamber 131 communicates with the second chamber 132.
  • the partition 50 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the partition 50 may partition the accommodation cavity 13 laterally or longitudinally to form the first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132 .
  • the partition 50 can be used to longitudinally separate the accommodation chamber 13 to form a first chamber 131 and a second chamber 132 .
  • the second chamber 132 can be located below the first chamber 131 .
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application can use the partition 50 to separate the accommodation cavity 13 to form a first chamber 131 and a second chamber 132, so that the battery cell 20 and the processing medium 30 can be independently installed.
  • the partition 50 can provide a movement barrier for the processing medium 30 , preventing the battery 100 from vibrating during transportation or operation and causing the processing medium 30 to sway in the accommodation cavity 13 , thereby improving the safety performance of the battery 100 .
  • the partition 50 is provided with a communication hole 53 that communicates with the first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132 , and the first pressure relief mechanism 24 is disposed toward the partition 50 and opposite to the communication hole 53 .
  • the number of communication holes 53 may be two or more. Alternatively, the number of communication holes 53 may be equal to the number of battery cells 20 . Of course, the number of communication holes 53 may also be greater than the number of battery cells 20 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 of each battery cell 20 may be disposed opposite to one of the communication holes 53 .
  • the shape of the communication hole 53 may match the shape of the first pressure relief mechanism 24 , and optionally, the size of the communication hole 53 may be larger than the size of the first pressure relief mechanism 24 .
  • the communication hole 53 connecting the first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132 is provided on the partition 50, and the first pressure relief mechanism 24 faces the partition 50 and faces the communication hole 53. It is set that when the battery 100 undergoes thermal runaway, the substances released in the battery cell 20 through the first pressure relief mechanism 24 can directly enter the second chamber 132 through the communication hole 53 and react with the processing medium 30 in the second chamber 132 , causing the temperature of the substance and the concentration of combustible gases, combustible particles, etc. to be reduced.
  • the partition 50 includes a first partition plate 51 , which is disposed in the accommodation cavity 13 and connected with the inner wall of the housing 10 to separate the accommodation cavity 13 to form a first cavity. chamber 131 and the second chamber 132, and the battery cell 20 is supported on the first partition plate 51.
  • the first partition plate 51 can be a flat plate-shaped structure, and the outer wall surface of the first partition plate 51 can be connected to the side wall surface of the housing 10 that encloses the accommodation cavity 13.
  • a They are connected to each other by welding.
  • an integrated structure can also be used.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure by causing the partition 50 to include the first partition plate 51, which is convenient for processing, molding and connection with the case 10, and can meet the installation and support effects of the battery cells 20. .
  • the partition 50 further includes a second partition plate 52 that divides the first chamber 131 to form a first sub-cavity 131a and a second sub-cavity 131b.
  • the cavity 131a and the second sub-cavity 131b are respectively connected with the second chamber 132.
  • the battery cell 20 is arranged in the first sub-cavity 131a, and the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is arranged on the wall of the housing 10 that forms the second sub-cavity 131b. department.
  • the second partition plate 52 and the first partition plate 51 can be connected to each other, and of course can also abut against each other.
  • the volume of the first sub-cavity 131a may be larger than the volume of the second sub-cavity 131b.
  • the carrying capacity of the battery cells 20 is increased.
  • first sub-cavity 131a and the second sub-cavity 131b are each connected to the second chamber 132, and the first sub-cavity 131a and the second sub-cavity 131b may not be connected to each other.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is provided on the wall portion of the housing 10 that forms the second sub-cavity 131b. It can be understood that when the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is opened, it can communicate with the outside world and the second sub-cavity 131b.
  • the partition 50 further includes a second partition plate 52 and separates the first chamber 131 to form a first sub-cavity 131a and a second sub-cavity 131b, so that the battery cell 20 passes through the first sub-cavity 131a.
  • the material released by a pressure relief mechanism 24 can directly enter the second chamber 132 through the communication hole 53. After reacting with the treatment medium 30 in the second chamber 132, the temperature of the material and the concentration of the combustible material are reduced and the material enters the second chamber 132.
  • the partition 50 adopts the above structural form, which facilitates the release of substances to directly enter the second chamber 132 to react with the treatment medium 30 and then be discharged from the second sub-chamber 131b and the second pressure relief mechanism 40, shortening the material circulation path, and avoiding the The substances that have reacted with the treatment medium 30 re-enter the second chamber 132 through the first sub-chamber 131a, ensuring the reaction effect between the substances released by the first pressure relief valve and the treatment medium 30.
  • first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 are arranged to intersect and form an integrated structure with the second partition plate 52 .
  • the angle between the first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 may be less than 90°.
  • the angle between the two may also be equal to 90°.
  • first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 can be integrally formed by casting or other methods.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application facilitates the formation of the first sub-cavity 131a and the second sub-cavity 131b by having the first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 intersect. Moreover, by making the first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 have an integrated structure, the connection strength between the first partition plate 51 and the second partition plate 52 can be ensured, and at the same time, it can facilitate the integration of the partition member 50 Install.
  • the volume of the treatment medium 30 is smaller than the volume of the second chamber 132 .
  • the second chamber 132 still has remaining space after receiving the processing medium 30 , that is, the processing medium 30 does not fill the second chamber 132 .
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application makes the volume of the treatment medium 30 smaller than the volume of the second chamber 132, which facilitates the substances released by the battery cells 20 to enter the second chamber 132 and react with the treatment medium 30.
  • the battery 100 further includes a seal 60.
  • the seal 60 can switch from a first state to a second state; in the first state, the seal 60
  • the sealing member 60 is configured to seal the processing medium 30 to restrict the movement of the processing medium 30 toward the battery cell 20; in the second state, the sealing member 60 releases the processing medium 30 to allow the processing medium 30 to react with substances.
  • the sealing member 60 may be closed, and the processing medium 30 is enclosed in the sealing member 60 and cannot move at will and does not come into contact with other components such as the battery cell 20 .
  • the seal 60 releases the treatment medium 30 so that the treatment medium 30 is released from the seal 60 to react with the substance.
  • the seal 60 may be switched from the first state to the second state in an active manner, or of course in a passive manner.
  • the seal 60 is provided and the seal 60 can be switched between the first state and the second state, so that when thermal runaway does not occur in the battery 100, the seal 60 is in the first state and the medium is processed. 30 is sealed by the sealing member 60 and cannot move at will.
  • the sealing member 60 can switch from the first state to the second state, so that the processing medium 30 is released and interacts with the battery cell 20 The released material reacts, reducing the temperature of the material and the concentration of combustible particles and combustible gases.
  • the seal 60 includes a sealing bag film 61.
  • the processing medium 30 is filled and sealed in the sealing bag film 61
  • the sealed bag film 61 is at least partially melted by heat, and the processing medium 30 overflows from the sealed bag film 61 and reacts with substances.
  • the sealed bag film 61 in the first state, can be in a completely sealed state, and in the second state, the sealed bag film 61 is melted by heat and damaged, so that the processing medium 30 can overflow from the sealed bag film 61 and react with substances. .
  • the melting point T of the sealed bag film 61 can satisfy: 70°C ⁇ T ⁇ 200°C.
  • the sealed bag film 61 separates the processing medium 30 and the accommodation chamber 13 .
  • the sealed bag film 61 can be in the shape of a sheet or a hollow block. Or various shapes such as columnar, there are no restrictions here, you can choose according to specific needs.
  • the sealing member 60 and the separator 50 may be connected, or may not be connected.
  • bonding or abutment clamping and limiting may be used.
  • the material of the sealing bag film 61 may include at least one of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the material of the sealed bag film 61 can also include other plastics and other materials, as long as it can meet the above melting point range.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively ensure that the sealing member 60 can switch from the first state to the second state by making the sealing member 60 include the sealing bag film 61 .
  • the structure is simple and is conducive to passive release of the processing medium 30 .
  • the sealed bag film 61 is passively opened, which is an optional implementation manner, but is not limited to the above manner. In some implementations, the sealed bag film 61 can also be actively opened.
  • the seal 60 includes a sealing bag film 61 and a control valve 62.
  • the control valve 62 In the first state, the control valve 62 is closed, and the processing medium 30 is filled and sealed in the sealing bag film 61, In the second state, the control valve 62 is opened, and the processing medium 30 overflows from the sealed bag film 61 and reacts with substances.
  • the sealing bag film 61 may be provided with an opening, and the control valve 62 is provided at the opening and controls the opening or closing of the opening.
  • control valve 62 may be a solenoid valve, and by controlling the opening and closing of the solenoid valve, the seal 60 may be switched between the first state and the second state.
  • the sealing member 60 includes a sealing bag film 61 and a control valve 62, and the opening and closing of the sealing bag film 61 can be realized by controlling the opening and closing of the valve 62. Active control of the sealing bag film 61 is achieved.
  • the housing 10 includes a box 11 and a cover 12.
  • the box 11 and the cover 12 together form an accommodation cavity 13.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is arranged on the side wall of the box 11.
  • the box 11 may be in a rectangular or cylindrical shape, and the second pressure relief mechanism 40 may be disposed on the side wall of the box 11 .
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application facilitates the release of the medium after the reaction between the substance and the treatment medium 30 by disposing the second pressure relief mechanism 40 on the side wall of the box 11 .
  • the processing medium 30 is in a liquid state.
  • the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application facilitates the reaction with the substance by making the processing medium 30 in a liquid state, so as to reduce the temperature of the substance and the concentration of combustible particles and combustible gases.
  • the treatment medium 30 includes at least one of ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid.
  • the treatment medium 30 may include one of ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid, and of course, may also include both ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid.
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application by making the processing medium 30 include ultrapure water and fluorinated liquid, is not only highly inert and difficult to chemically react with substances, but also helps to improve the safety of the processing medium during use, and can also be used after being heated. It can quickly vaporize and take away the heat in the material. At the same time, the vaporized treatment liquid can also reduce the concentration of combustible particles or combustible gas in the material.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a sealing liquid, and the density of the sealing liquid is smaller than the density of the processing medium 30 .
  • the sealing liquid can be a non-volatile liquid such as silicone oil for sealing.
  • the sealing liquid is provided and the density of the sealing liquid is smaller than the density of the processing medium 30, so that the sealing liquid can float on the processing medium 30, reducing the volatilization loss of the processing medium 30, and ensuring the protection of the battery cells 20 Treatment effect of released substances.
  • the battery 100 provided in the above embodiments of the present application is exemplified by taking the processing medium 30 in a liquid state as an example. This is an optional implementation mode, but is not limited to the above method. In some embodiments, it is also possible to make the treatment medium 30 in a solid state, and the treatment medium 30 includes an oxidizing agent, such as copper oxide.
  • the battery provided by the embodiment of the present application can also meet the medium reaction requirements for the release of the battery cells 20 by making the processing medium 30 in a solid state.
  • the present application also provides an electrical device, including the battery described in any of the above solutions, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy for the electrical device.
  • the powered device can be any of the aforementioned devices or systems that use batteries.
  • the electrical device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes the battery 100 provided by the above embodiments. Since the battery 100 is provided with a processing medium 30 in the casing 10, it can react with the substances released by the battery cells 20 through the processing medium 30. , so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the material is reduced, thereby reducing the value of the predetermined parameter in the material discharged by the second pressure relief mechanism 40, reducing the possibility of combustion of gaseous combustibles, and thereby improving the safety of the electrical device.
  • the battery 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a casing 10 , a battery cell 20 , a processing medium 30 , a second pressure relief mechanism 40 and a separator 50 .
  • the housing 10 has a receiving cavity 13 , and the battery cell 20 is disposed in the receiving cavity 13 .
  • the battery cell 20 has a first pressure relief mechanism 24 , and the first pressure relief mechanism 24 is used to release the material in the battery cell 20 .
  • the processing medium 30 is disposed in the housing 10 and is used to react with the substance, so that the value of the predetermined parameter in the substance is reduced.
  • the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is disposed on the housing 10 , and is used to discharge substances that react with the treatment liquid out of the housing 10 .
  • the housing 10 is square, the material includes combustible particles and combustible gas, the predetermined parameters include at least one of the temperature of the material, the concentration of the combustible particles and the concentration of the combustible gas, and the processing medium 30 is liquid.
  • the partition 50 is disposed in the housing 10 and is used to separate the accommodation cavity 13 to form a first chamber 131 and a second chamber 132.
  • the battery cell 20 is disposed in the first chamber 131, and the processing medium 30 is disposed in the second chamber. 132, the first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132 are connected.
  • the partition 50 is provided with a communication hole 53 that communicates with the first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132 .
  • the first pressure relief mechanism 24 faces the partition 50 and is arranged opposite to the communication hole 53 .
  • the partition 50 includes a first partition plate 51 and a second partition plate 52 .
  • the first partition plate 51 is disposed in the accommodation cavity 13 and connected with the inner wall of the housing 10 to separate the accommodation cavity 13 to form a first chamber 131 and the second chamber 132.
  • the battery cell 20 is supported on the first partition plate 51.
  • the second partition plate 52 divides the first chamber 131 to form a first sub-cavity 131a and a second sub-cavity 131b.
  • the first sub-cavity 131a and the second sub-cavity 131b are respectively connected with the second chamber 132.
  • the battery cell 20 is arranged in the first sub-cavity 131a, and the second pressure relief mechanism 40 is arranged on the wall of the housing 10 that forms the second sub-cavity 131b. .

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  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种电池以及用电装置，电池包括：壳体，具有容纳腔；电池单体，设置于容纳腔，电池单体具有第一泄压机构，第一泄压机构用于释放电池单体内的物质；处理介质，设置于壳体并用于与物质反应，以使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低；第二泄压机构，设置于壳体，第二泄压机构用于将与处理液反应后的物质排出至壳体外。本申请提供的电池以及用电装置，电池能够对其电池单体释放的气态可燃物进行处理，降低燃烧的可能性，安全性能好。

Description

电池以及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，特别涉及一种电池以及用电装置。
背景技术
节能减排是汽车产业可持续发展的关键，电动车辆由于其节能环保的优势成为汽车产业可持续发展的重要组成部分。对于电动车辆而言，电池技术又是关乎其发展的一项重要因素。
已有的电池中，在发生热失控后，其电池单体会释放大量可燃的气态物质，这些气态可燃物排放在电池系统外部，细微的点火源即可点着，引发剧烈的燃烧甚至出现系统爆炸，安全性能差。
发明内容
鉴于上述问题，本申请提供一种电池以及用电装置，电池能够对其电池单体释放的气态可燃物进行处理，降低燃烧的可能性，安全性能好。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池，包括：壳体，具有容纳腔；电池单体，设置于容纳腔，电池单体具有第一泄压机构，第一泄压机构用于释放电池单体内的物质；处理介质，设置于壳体并用于与物质反应，以使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低；第二泄压机构，设置于壳体，第二泄压机构用于将与处理液反应后的物质排出至壳体外。
本申请实施例的技术方案中，电池包括壳体、电池单体、处理介质以及第二泄压机构，电池单体的第一泄压机构能够将电池单体内热失控产生的物质如可燃的气体释放，由于壳体内设置有处理介质，能够通过处理介质与电池单体释放的物质反应，使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低，从而降低由第二泄压机构排出的物质中预定参数的数值，减小气态可燃物发生燃烧的可能性，进而提高电池系统的安全性。
在一些实施例中，物质包括可燃颗粒、可燃气体，预定参数包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者。
本申请实施例提供的电池，由于可燃颗粒、可燃气体的温度越高、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度越高，在助燃物如氧气等的参与下，极易被细微点火源点着，引发剧烈的燃烧。因此，通过使得预定参数包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以 及可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者，使得处理介质与物质反应后能够降低物质的温度、降低可燃颗粒的浓度或者是降低可燃气体的浓度，进而降低燃烧概率。
在一些实施例中，电池单体背离第一泄压机构的一侧部分位于处理介质内。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过上述设置，使得当电池单体安装至壳体后直接讲处理介质放置于容纳腔内，利于处理介质的装配，并且，又第一泄压机构释放的物质可以通过重力等其他内压的作用下，物质能够向下流动至处理介质中与处理介质反应，待容纳腔内的压力达到预定之后，通过第二泄压机构将反应后的物质排出至壳体外部。既能够满足对电池单体释放的物质的处理要求，降低预定参数的数值，同时，该种设置方式对电池的结构以及成组工艺改动较小。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括分隔件，分隔件设置于壳体内并用于将容纳腔分隔形成第一腔室以及第二腔室，电池单体设置于第一腔室，处理介质设置于第二腔室，第一腔室与第二腔室相连通。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置分隔件，能够利用分隔件将容纳腔分隔形成第一腔室以及第二腔室，使得电池单体以及处理介质能够独立设置，分隔件能够给处理介质提供移动的阻挡作用，避免电池在运输或者工作过程中发生振动导致处理介质在容纳腔内肆意晃动，提高电池的安全性能。
在一些实施例中，分隔件上设置有连通第一腔室以及第二腔室的连通孔，第一泄压机构朝向分隔件并与连通孔相对设置。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过在分隔件上设置连通第一腔室以及第二腔室的连通孔，并且使得第一泄压机构朝向分隔件并与连通孔相对设置，当电池发生热失控，电池单体内通过第一泄压机构释放的物质可以通过连通孔直接进入到第二腔室，与第二腔室内的处理介质反应，使得物质的温度以及所包括的可燃气体、可燃颗粒等浓度降低。
在一些实施例中，分隔件包括第一分隔板，第一分隔板设置于容纳腔并与壳体的内壁连接，以将容纳腔分隔形成第一腔室以及第二腔室，电池单体支撑于第一分隔板。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得分隔件包括第一分隔板，结构简单，利于加工成型以及与壳体之间连接，并且能够满足对电池单体的安装以及支撑效果。
在一些实施例中，分隔件还包括第二分隔板，第二分隔板将第一腔室分隔形成第一子腔以及第二子腔，第一子腔以及第二子腔分别与第二腔室连通，电池单体设置于第一子腔，第二泄压机构设置于壳体围合形成第二子腔的壁部。
本申请实施例提供的电池，分隔件采用上述结构形式，利于使得释放的物质直接进入第二腔室与处理介质反应后由第二子腔以及第二泄压机构排出，缩短物质流通的路径，并且能够避免与处理介质反应后的物质重新由第一子腔进入第二腔室，保证由第一泄压阀释放的物质与处理介质的反应效果。
在一些实施例中，第一分隔板与第二分隔板相交设置并与第二分隔板为一体式结构。
在一些实施例中，处理介质的体积小于第二腔室的容积。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括密封件，在预定压力下，密封件能够由第一状态切换至第二状态；在第一状态，密封件封闭处理介质设置，以限制处理介质向电池单体运动；在第二状态，密封件释放处理介质，以使得处理介质与物质反应。
在一些实施例中，密封件包括密封袋膜，在第一状态，处理介质填充并封闭于密封袋膜，在第二状态，密封袋膜至少部分受热熔化，处理介质由密封袋膜溢出并与物质反应。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得密封件包括密封袋膜，能够有效的保证密封件能够在第一状态向第二状态下切换。且结构简单，利于被动释放处理介质。
在一些实施例中，密封件包括密封袋膜以及控制阀，在第一状态，控制阀关闭，处理介质填充并封闭于密封袋膜，在第二状态，控制阀开启，处理介质由密封袋膜溢出并与物质反应。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得密封件包括密封袋膜以及控制阀，可以通过控制阀的开启以及关闭实现密封袋膜的开启以及关闭。实现对密封袋膜的主动控制。
在一些实施例中，壳体包括箱体以及封盖，箱体以及封盖共同围合形成容纳腔，第二泄压机构设置于箱体的侧壁。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得第二泄压机构设置于箱体的侧壁，利于物质与处理介质之间反应后的介质的释放。
在一些实施例中，处理介质呈液态。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得处理介质呈液态，利于与物质之间进行反应，以降低物质的温度以及可燃颗粒、可燃气体的浓度。
在一些实施例中，处理介质包括超纯水、氟化液中的至少一者。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得处理介质包括超纯水、氟化液，不仅惰性较高，不易与物质发生化学反应，有利于提高处理液使用过程中的安全性，受热后还 能够快速汽化带走物质中热量，同时汽化后的处理液还能够降低物质中可燃颗粒浓度或可燃气体浓度。
在一些实施例中，电池还包括密封液，密封液的密度小于处理介质的密度。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置密封液，并使得密封液的密度小于处理介质的密度，使得密封液可以漂浮在处理介质上，降低处理介质挥发损失，保证对电池单体释放的物质的处理效果。
在一些实施例中，处理介质呈固态，处理介质包括氧化剂。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得处理介质呈固态，同样能够满足对电池单体释放的介质反应需求。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种用电装置，包括上述的电池。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本申请的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1是本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图3是图2所示实施例电池的剖视图；
图4是本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5是本申请另一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图6是本申请另一实施例提供的电池的俯视图；
图7是图6中沿A-A方向的剖视图；
图8是本申请又一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图；
图9是本申请再一实施例提供的电池的结构示意图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
1000-车辆；
100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；
10-壳体；11-箱体；12-封盖；13-容纳腔；131-第一腔室；131a-第一子腔； 131b-第二子腔；132-第二腔室；
20-电池单体；
21-外壳；
22-电极组件；221-正极极耳；222-负极极耳；
23-端盖组件；231-盖板；232-电极端子；
24-第一泄压机构；
30-处理介质；
40-第二泄压机构；
50-分隔件；51-第一分隔板；52-第二分隔板；53-连通孔；
60-密封件；61-密封袋膜；62-控制阀。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本申请的保护范围。
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本申请实施例使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请实施例所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
此外，技术术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请 实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
目前，从市场形势的发展来看，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
本发明人注意到，电池发生热失控时，及易被细微点火源点着，引发剧烈燃烧甚至爆炸的问题，安全性能较差。本发明人进一步研究发现，电池在发生热失控时，其电池单体内会产生大量的气体，气体内含有一定占比的可燃物质，当电池单体内的压力达到预定参数时，会通过电池单体上相应的泄压机构将气体等物质释放至电池的箱体内，当箱体的内压力达到预定要求时，会通过位于箱体上的泄压机构将气体等物质释放至电池外。由于释放至电池外的物体包括有大量的可燃的物质，在助燃物如氧气等的参与下，极易被细微点火源点着，引发剧烈的燃烧，甚至出现电池爆炸的风险。
为了缓解电池的安全性能较差的问题，本发明人研究发现，可以通过在箱体内的气体释放至电池外部之前，将气体中的可燃物质的温度、浓度等参数降低，进而降低电池排出气体的燃烧概率，提高电池的安全性能。
基于以上考虑，为了解决电池的安全性能较差的问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池，电池包括壳体、电池单体、处理介质以及第二泄压机构。壳体具有容纳腔，电池单体设置于容纳腔，电池单体具有第一泄压机构，第一泄压机构用于释放电池单体内的物质。处理介质设置于壳体并用于与物质反应，以使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低。第二泄压机构，设置于壳体，第二泄压机构用于将与处理液反应后 的物质排出至壳体外。
在这样的电池中，电池单体的第一泄压机构能够将电池单体内热失控产生的物质如可燃的气体释放，由于壳体内设置有处理介质，能够通过处理介质与电池单体释放的物质反应，使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低，从而降低由第二泄压机构排出的物质中预定参数的数值，减小气态可燃物发生燃烧的可能性，进而提高电池系统的安全性。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于使用电池的用电装置。用电装置可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电装置不做特殊限制。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的用电装置，还可以适用于所有包括箱体的电池以及使用电池的用电装置，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
请参照图1，车辆1000的内部设置有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。
车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求。
在一些实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
请参照图2以及图3，电池100包括壳体10、电池单体20、处理介质30以及第二泄压机构40。壳体10具有容纳腔13，电池单体20设置于容纳腔13，电池单体20具有第一泄压机构24，第一泄压机构24用于释放电池单体20内的物质。处理介质30设置于壳体10并用于与物质反应，以使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低。第二泄压机构40设置于壳体10，第二泄压机构40用于将与处理液反应后的物质排出至壳体10 外。
可选地，壳体10用于为电池单体20提供密闭空间，壳体10可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。图2中，示例性的，壳体10为长方体。
在一些实施例中，如图2、图3所示，壳体21可以包括箱体11和封盖12，箱体11与封盖12相互盖合，以限定出用于容纳电池单体20的容纳腔13。箱体11可以是一侧开口的空心结构，封盖12也可以是一侧开口的空心结构，封盖12的开口侧盖合于箱体11的开口侧，则形成具有密封空间的壳体21。当然，箱体11也可以是一侧开口的空心结构，封盖12也可以是平面板状结构，二者相扣合。
在电池中，电池单体20可以是一个、也可以是多个。若电池单体20为多个，多个电池单体20之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体20中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体20之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体20构成的整体容纳于壳体21内。当然，也可以是多个电池单体20先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于壳体21内。电池单体20可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等。
在一些实施例中，电池100还可以包括汇流部件，多个电池单体20之间可通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体20的串联或并联或混联。以两个电池单体20串联为例，一个电池单体20的正电极端子与另一个电池单体20的负电极端子通过汇流部件连接，以实现两个电池单体20的串联。
请参照图4，电池单体20可以包括外壳21、电极组件22、端盖组件23以及第一泄压机构，外壳21具有开口211，电极组件22容纳于外壳21内，端盖组件23包括盖板231和电极端子232，盖板231用于封盖于开口211，电极端子232用于与电极组件22电连接。
外壳21的材质也可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
外壳21可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。外壳21的形状可根据电极组件22的具体形状来确定。比如，若电极组件22为圆柱体结构，外壳21则可选用为圆柱体结构；若电极组件22为长方体结构，外壳21则可选用长方体结构。在图4中，示例性的，外壳21和电极组件22均为长方体结构。
电极组件22可以包括正极片、负极片和隔离膜。在一些实施例中，电极组件22可以是由正极片、隔离膜和负极片通过卷绕形成的卷绕式结构。在又一些实施例中，电极组件22也可以是由正极片、隔离膜和负极片通过层叠布置形成的层叠式结 构。
在一些实施例中，电极组件22还可以包括极耳，具体可以包括正极极耳221和负极极耳222，可以是正极片中未涂覆正极活性物质层的正极集流体作为正极极耳221，可以是负极片中未涂覆负极活性物质层的负极集流体作为负极极耳222。
在本申请实施例中，端盖组件23的盖板231用于封盖外壳21的开口211，以形成用于容纳电池单体20的密闭空间(图未示出)。密闭空间还用于容纳电解质，例如电解液。端盖组件23的电极端子232作为输出电极组件22的电能的部件，电极端子232用于与电极组件22电连接，即电极端子232与电极组件22的极耳电连接。
可选地，第一泄压机构24可以设置于端盖组件23的盖板231上，当然也可以设置于外壳21上，当设置于外壳21时，其可以设置于外壳21的底壁。
可选地，第一泄压机构24可以采用泄压阀的形式，当然，第一泄压机构24也可以为设置于盖板231或者外壳21上的刻痕等。
可选地，第二泄压机构24可以采用泄压阀的形式，当然，第一泄压机构24也可以为设置壳体10上的刻痕等。
可选地，电池单体20释放的物质可以是包含有可燃成分的气体物质。
可选地，处理介质30可以是液体介质，当然也可以是固体介质。
可选地，处理介质30可以直接设置于壳体10内与壳体10的内壁面接触，电池单体20释放的物质可以直接与容纳腔13内的处理物质反应，以将地电池单体20释放的物质中的预定参数的数值。当然，在有些示例中，处理介质30也可以分布在与第一泄压机构24连通且独立的处理空间中，该处理空间位于箱体11内并被其他部件例如承装容器承装。电池单体20由第一泄压机构24释放的物质可以进入与其连通的释放空间内，与物质反应后再由释放空间排出至电池的容纳腔内，最终由第二泄压机构40排出电池100外部。在一些其他的示例中，还可以使得处理介质30设置于封闭的密封结构中，密封结构可以位于容纳腔13内，结构上可以设置有主动开启的开关，当电池100出现热失控，结构上的开关开启，处理介质30从密封结构内溢出，浸泡处理空间，结构也可以采用熔点较低的材料包裹处理介质30，在电池100失控的高温作用下，材料被动熔化，使得处理介质30从密封结构内溢出，浸泡处理空间
可选地，处理介质30与物质反应可以理解为二者发生化学反应和/或物理反应，可选地，可以使得电池单体20排出的物质中部分可燃物质与处理介质30反应生成可燃性能降低的物质，减小可燃物质的浓度。当然，也可以使得处理介质30与物质之间进行热交换，降低可燃物质的温度，同样可以理解为与处理介质30与物质发生反 应。
可选地，物质可以包括可燃的颗粒、粉尘、气体等，预定参数可以包括物质的温度、可燃气体的浓度、可燃颗粒的浓度、可燃气体的重量比、可燃颗粒的重量比等。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，其包括壳体21、电池单体20、处理介质30以及第二泄压机构40，电池单体20的第一泄压机构24能够将电池单体20内热失控产生的物质如可燃的气体释放，由于壳体21内设置有处理介质30，能够通过处理介质30与电池单体20释放的物质反应，使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低，从而降低由第二泄压机构40排出的物质中预定参数的数值，减小气态可燃物发生燃烧的可能性，进而提高电池系统的安全性。
在一些实施例中，物质包括可燃颗粒、可燃气体，预定参数包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者。
可选地，物质可以仅包括可燃颗粒，可以仅包括可燃气体，当然，也可以同时包括可燃颗粒以及可燃气体。
可选地，物质的温度可以理解为物质所包括的可燃颗粒、可燃气体等所有成分形成的整体的温度。
可选地，预定参数可以包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度中的一者，也可以是两者的组合，当然也可以同时包括三者。
本申请实施例提供的电池，由于可燃颗粒、可燃气体的温度越高、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度越高，在助燃物如氧气等的参与下，极易被细微点火源点着，引发剧烈的燃烧。因此，通过使得预定参数包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者，使得处理介质30与物质反应后能够降低物质的温度、降低可燃颗粒的浓度或者是降低可燃气体的浓度，进而降低燃烧概率。
继续参阅图2以及图3所示，在一些可选地实施例中，电池单体20背离第一泄压机构24的一侧部分位于处理介质30内。
可选地，可以使得处理介质30直接设置于容纳腔内。电池单体20放置于容纳腔后部分位于处理介质30内，例如，当处理介质30呈液态时，电池单体20背离第一泄压机构24的一侧位于处理介质30内。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过上述设置，使得当电池单体20安装至壳体21后直接将处理介质30放置于容纳腔13内，利于处理介质30的装配，并且，由第一泄压机构24释放的物质可以通过重力等其他内压的作用下，物质能够向下流动至处理 介质30中与处理介质30反应，待容纳腔13内的压力达到预定之后，通过第二泄压机构40将反应后的物质排出至壳体21外部。既能够满足对电池单体20释放的物质的处理要求，降低预定参数的数值，同时，该种设置方式对电池的结构以及成组工艺改动较小。
请参阅图5至图7所示，在一些可选地实施例中，本申请实施例提供的电池100，还包括分隔件50，分隔件50设置于壳体10内并用于将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132，电池单体20设置于第一腔室131，处理介质30设置于第二腔室132，第一腔室131与第二腔室132相连通。
可选地，分隔件50可以采用板状结构体，分隔件50可以沿横向或者纵向将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132。
示例性的，可以使得分隔件50在纵向上将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132，可选地，第二腔室132可以位于第一腔室131的下方。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置分隔件50，能够利用分隔件50将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132，使得电池单体20以及处理介质30能够独立设置，分隔件50能够给处理介质30提供移动的阻挡作用，避免电池100在运输或者工作过程中发生振动导致处理介质30在容纳腔13内肆意晃动，提高电池100的安全性能。
在一些可选地实施例中，分隔件50上设置有连通第一腔室131以及第二腔室132的连通孔53，第一泄压机构24朝向分隔件50并与连通孔53相对设置。
可选地，连通孔53的数量可以为两个以上。可选地，连通孔53的数量可以与电池单体20的数量相等，当然，连通孔53的数量也可以多于电池单体20的数量。每个电池单体20的第一泄压机构24可以与其中一个连通孔53相对设置。
可选地，连通孔53的形状可以与第一泄压机构24的形状相匹配，可选地，连通孔53的尺寸可以大于第一泄压机构24的尺寸。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过在分隔件50上设置连通第一腔室131以及第二腔室132的连通孔53，并且使得第一泄压机构24朝向分隔件50并与连通孔53相对设置，当电池100发生热失控，电池单体20内通过第一泄压机构24释放的物质可以通过连通孔53直接进入到第二腔室132，与第二腔室132内的处理介质30反应，使得物质的温度以及所包括的可燃气体、可燃颗粒等浓度降低。
在一些可选地实施例中，分隔件50包括第一分隔板51，第一分隔板51设置于容纳腔13并与壳体10的内壁连接，以将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第 二腔室132，电池单体20支撑于第一分隔板51。
可选地，第一分隔板51可以采用平整的板状结构体，并且，第一分隔板51的外壁面可以与壳体10围合形成容纳腔13的侧壁面相连接，可选采用焊接的方式相互连接，当然，也可以采用一体式结构体。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得分隔件50包括第一分隔板51，结构简单，利于加工成型以及与壳体10之间连接，并且能够满足对电池单体20的安装以及支撑效果。
在一些可选地实施例中，分隔件50还包括第二分隔板52，第二分隔板52将第一腔室131分隔形成第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b，第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b分别与第二腔室132连通，电池单体20设置于第一子腔131a，第二泄压机构40设置于壳体10围合形成第二子腔131b的壁部。
可选地，第二分隔板52与第一分隔板51之间可以相互连接，当然也可以相抵接。
可选地，第一子腔131a的容积可以大于第二子腔131b的容积。提高电池单体20的承装量。
可选地，第一子腔131a与第二子腔131b各自与第二腔室132连通，第一子腔131a与第二子腔131b彼此之间可以不连通。
可选地，第二泄压机构40设置于壳体10围合形成第二子腔131b的壁部，可以理解为第二泄压机构40开启时能够将外界与第二子腔131b连通。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得分隔件50还包括第二分隔板52并将第一腔室131分隔形成第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b，使得电池单体20内通过第一泄压机构24释放的物质可以通过连通孔53直接进入到第二腔室132，在第二腔室132内与处理介质30反应后，使得物质的温度以及可燃物质的浓度降低并进入第二子腔131b，当第二泄压机构40开启时，与处理介质30反应后的物质由第二子腔131b经由第二泄压机构40排出至电池100外部。分隔件50采用上述结构形式，利于使得释放的物质直接进入第二腔室132与处理介质30反应后由第二子腔131b以及第二泄压机构40排出，缩短物质流通的路径，并且能够避免与处理介质30反应后的物质重新由第一子腔131a进入第二腔室132，保证由第一泄压阀释放的物质与处理介质30的反应效果。
在一些可选地实施例中，第一分隔板51与第二分隔板52相交设置并与第二分隔板52为一体式结构。
可选地，第一分隔板51与第二分隔板52之间的夹角可以小于90°，当然，二者之间的夹角也可以等于90°。
可选地，第一分隔板51以及第二分隔板52可以采用铸造等方式一体成型。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得第一分隔板51与第二分隔板52相交设置，利于第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b的形成。并且，通过使得第一分隔板51以及第二分隔板52为一体式结构，能够保证第一分隔板51与第二分隔板52之间的连接强度，同时利于分隔件50整体式安装。
在一些可选地实施例中，处理介质30的体积小于第二腔室132的容积。
可选地，第二腔室132在承装处理介质30后，还有剩余空间，也就是说，处理介质30未充满第二腔室132。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得处理介质30的体积小于第二腔室132的容积，利于电池单体20释放的物质进入第二腔室132内与处理介质30反应。
请参阅图8以及图9，在一些可选地实施例中，电池100还包括密封件60，在预定压力下，密封件60能够由第一状态切换至第二状态；在第一状态，密封件60封闭处理介质30设置，以限制处理介质30向电池单体20运动；在第二状态，密封件60释放处理介质30，以使得处理介质30与物质反应。
可选地，在第一状态下，密封件60可以是封闭的，处理介质30被封闭在密封件60内，不能随意运动，且不会与电池单体20等其他部件接触。在第二状态，密封件60释放处理介质30，使得处理介质30从密封件60中释放，与物质反应。
可选地，密封件60由第一状态切换至第二状态可以是主动的方式，当然也可以是被动的方式。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置密封件60，并使得密封件60能够在第一状态以及第二状态下切换，使得电池100在未发生热失控时密封件60处于第一状态，处理介质30被密封件60密封，不能随意运动，当电池发生热失控电池单体20释放物质时，密封件60可以由第一状态切换至第二状态，使得处理介质30被释放，与电池单体20释放的物质反应，降低物质的温度以及可燃颗粒、可燃气体的浓度。
如图8所示，在一些可选地实施例中，本申请实施例提供的电池100，密封件60包括密封袋膜61，在第一状态，处理介质30填充并封闭于密封袋膜61，在第二状态，密封袋膜61至少部分受热熔化，处理介质30由密封袋膜61溢出并与物质反应。
可选地，在第一状态下，密封袋膜61可以处于完全密封状态，在第二状 态，密封袋膜61受热熔化，发生破损，使得处理介质30能够从密封袋膜61溢出，与物质反应。
可选地，密封袋膜61的熔点T可满足：70℃≤T≤200℃，密封袋膜61将处理介质30以及容纳腔13进行隔开，密封袋膜61可以呈片状、空心块状或者柱状等各种形状，这里不做限制，可以根据具体需求选取。
可选地，当包括分隔件50时，密封件60与分隔件50之间可以连接，当然也可以不连接，当连接时可以采用粘接或者抵接夹持限位等。可选地，密封袋膜61的材料可以包括聚丙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯以及聚氯乙烯中的至少一者。当然，密封袋膜61的材料也可以包括其它塑料等材料，只要能够满足上述熔点范围即可
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得密封件60包括密封袋膜61，能够有效的保证密封件60能够在第一状态向第二状态下切换。且结构简单，利于被动释放处理介质30。
可以理解的是，上述实施例中密封袋膜61是被动开启，此为一种可选地实施方式，但不限于上述方式，在有些实施中，也可以使得密封袋膜61主动开启。
如图9所示，在一些可选地实施例中，密封件60包括密封袋膜61以及控制阀62，在第一状态，控制阀62关闭，处理介质30填充并封闭于密封袋膜61，在第二状态，控制阀62开启，处理介质30由密封袋膜61溢出并与物质反应。
可选地，密封袋膜61上可以设置有开口，控制阀62设置于开口并控制开口的开启或者关闭。
可选地，控制阀62可以采用电磁阀，通过控制电磁阀的开启以及关闭，可以实现密封件60在第一状态与第二状态之间切换。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得密封件60包括密封袋膜61以及控制阀62，可以通过控制阀62的开启以及关闭实现密封袋膜61的开启以及关闭。实现对密封袋膜61的主动控制。
在一些可选地实施例中，本申请实施例提供的电池100，壳体10包括箱体11以及封盖12，箱体11以及封盖12共同围合形成容纳腔13，第二泄压机构40设置于箱体11的侧壁。
可选地，箱体11可以采用矩形状、圆筒状，第二泄压机构40可以设置于箱体11的侧壁。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得第二泄压机构40设置于箱体11的侧壁，利于物质与处理介质30之间反应后的介质的释放。
在一些可选地实施例中，本申请实施例提供的电池100，处理介质30呈液态。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得处理介质30呈液态，利于与物质之间进行反应，以降低物质的温度以及可燃颗粒、可燃气体的浓度。
在一些实施例中，处理介质30包括超纯水、氟化液中的至少一者。
可选地，处理介质30可以包括超纯水、氟化液中的一者，当然，也可以同时包括超纯水、氟化液。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，通过使得处理介质30包括超纯水、氟化液，不仅惰性较高，不易与物质发生化学反应，有利于提高处理介质使用过程中的安全性，受热后还能够快速汽化带走物质中热量，同时汽化后的处理液还能够降低物质中可燃颗粒浓度或可燃气体浓度。
在一些可选地实施例中，本申请实施例提供的电池100，还包括密封液，密封液的密度小于处理介质30的密度。
可选地，密封液可以采用不易挥发的液体，例如硅油进行密封。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过设置密封液，并使得密封液的密度小于处理介质30的密度，使得密封液可以漂浮在处理介质30上，降低处理介质30挥发损失，保证对电池单体20释放的物质的处理效果。
可以理解的是，本申请上述实施例提供的电池100，均是以处理介质30呈液态为例进行举例说明，此为一种可选地实施方式，但不限于上述方式，在有些实施例中，还可以使得处理介质30呈固态，处理介质30包括氧化剂，例如氧化铜。
本申请实施例提供的电池，通过使得处理介质30呈固态，同样能够满足对电池单体20释放的介质反应需求。
根据本申请的一些实施例，本申请还提供了一种用电装置，包括以上任一方案所述的电池，并且电池用于为用电装置提供电能。用电装置可以是前述任一应用电池的设备或系统。
本申请实施例提供的用电装置，因其包括上述各实施例提供的电池100，由于电池100的壳体10内设置有处理介质30，能够通过处理介质30与电池单体20释放的物质反应，使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低，从而降低由第二泄压机构40排出的物质中预定参数的数值，减小气态可燃物发生燃烧的可能性，进而提高用电装置的安全性。
如图5所示，本申请实施例提供的电池100，包括壳体10、电池单体20、 处理介质30、第二泄压机构40以及分隔件50。壳体10具有容纳腔13，电池单体20设置于容纳腔13，电池单体20具有第一泄压机构24，第一泄压机构24用于释放电池单体20内的物质。处理介质30设置于壳体10并用于与物质反应，以使得物质中的预定参数的数值降低。第二泄压机构40设置于壳体10，第二泄压机构40用于将与处理液反应后的物质排出至壳体10外。壳体10为方形，物质包括可燃颗粒、可燃气体，预定参数包括物质的温度、可燃颗粒的浓度以及可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者，处理介质30呈液体。分隔件50设置于壳体10内并用于将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132，电池单体20设置于第一腔室131，处理介质30设置于第二腔室132，第一腔室131与第二腔室132相连通。分隔件50上设置有连通第一腔室131以及第二腔室132的连通孔53，第一泄压机构24朝向分隔件50并与连通孔53相对设置。分隔件50包括第一分隔板51以及第二分隔板52，第一分隔板51设置于容纳腔13并与壳体10的内壁连接，以将容纳腔13分隔形成第一腔室131以及第二腔室132，电池单体20支撑于第一分隔板51，第二分隔板52将第一腔室131分隔形成第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b，第一子腔131a以及第二子腔131b分别与第二腔室132连通，电池单体20设置于第一子腔131a，第二泄压机构40设置于壳体10围合形成第二子腔131b的壁部。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电池，包括：
    壳体，具有容纳腔；
    电池单体，设置于所述容纳腔，所述电池单体具有第一泄压机构，所述第一泄压机构用于释放所述电池单体内的物质；
    处理介质，设置于所述壳体并用于与所述物质反应，以使得所述物质中的预定参数的数值降低；
    第二泄压机构，设置于所述壳体，所述第二泄压机构用于将与所述处理液反应后的所述物质排出至所述壳体外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池，其中，所述物质包括可燃颗粒、可燃气体，所述预定参数包括所述物质的温度、所述可燃颗粒的浓度以及所述可燃气体的浓度中的至少一者。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其中，所述电池单体背离所述第一泄压机构的一侧部分位于所述处理介质内。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括分隔件，所述分隔件设置于所述壳体内并用于将所述容纳腔分隔形成第一腔室以及第二腔室，所述电池单体设置于所述第一腔室，所述处理介质设置于所述第二腔室，所述第一腔室与所述第二腔室相连通。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池，其中，所述分隔件上设置有连通所述第一腔室以及所述第二腔室的连通孔，所述第一泄压机构朝向所述分隔件并与所述连通孔相对设置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池，其中，所述分隔件包括第一分隔板，所述第一分隔板设置于所述容纳腔并与所述壳体的内壁连接，以将所述容纳腔分隔形成所述第一腔室以及所述第二腔室，所述电池单体支撑于所述第一分隔板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池，其中，所述分隔件还包括第二分隔板，所述第二分隔板将所述第一腔室分隔形成第一子腔以及第二子腔，所述第一子腔以及所述第二子腔分别与所述第二腔室连通，所述电池单体设置于所述第一子腔，所述第二泄压机构设置于所述壳体围合形成所述第二子腔的壁部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池，其中，所述第一分隔板与所述第二分隔板相交设置并与所述第二分隔板为一体式结构。
  9. 根据权利要求4至8任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述处理介质的体积小于所述第二腔室的容积。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括密封件，在预定压力下，所述密封件能够由第一状态切换至第二状态；
    在所述第一状态，所述密封件封闭所述处理介质设置，以限制所述处理介质向所述电池单体运动；
    在所述第二状态，所述密封件释放所述处理介质，以使得所述处理介质与所述物质反应。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述密封件包括密封袋膜，在所述第一状态，所述处理介质填充并封闭于所述密封袋膜，在所述第二状态，所述密封袋膜至少部分受热熔化，所述处理介质由所述密封袋膜溢出并与所述物质反应。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电池，其中，所述密封件包括密封袋膜以及控制阀，在所述第一状态，所述控制阀关闭，所述处理介质填充并封闭于所述密封袋膜，在所述第二状态，所述控制阀开启，所述处理介质由所述密封袋膜溢出并与所述物质反应。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述壳体包括箱体以及封盖，所述箱体以及所述封盖共同围合形成所述容纳腔，所述第二泄压机构设置于所述箱体的侧壁。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述处理介质呈液态。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池，其中，所述处理介质包括超纯水、氟化液中的至少一者。
  16. 根据权利要求14任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述电池还包括密封液，所述密封液的密度小于所述处理介质的密度。
  17. 根据权利要求1至13任意一项所述的电池，其中，所述处理介质呈固态，所述处理介质包括氧化剂。
  18. 一种用电装置，包括如权利要求1至17任意一项所述的电池。
PCT/CN2022/108700 2022-07-28 2022-07-28 电池以及用电装置 WO2024020948A1 (zh)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101142697A (zh) * 2005-09-30 2008-03-12 电盛兰达股份有限公司 电池匣
US20080299445A1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Densei-Lambda K.K. Secondary battery pack
CN112018301A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-01 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备
CN112086605A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-15 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池、用电装置、制备电池的方法和设备
CN113506932A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-10-15 陕西奥林波斯电力能源有限责任公司 一种用于锂电池的电池箱安全结构

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101142697A (zh) * 2005-09-30 2008-03-12 电盛兰达股份有限公司 电池匣
US20080299445A1 (en) * 2007-05-31 2008-12-04 Densei-Lambda K.K. Secondary battery pack
CN112018301A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2020-12-01 江苏时代新能源科技有限公司 电池、用电设备、制备电池的方法和设备
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