WO2024018317A1 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2024018317A1 WO2024018317A1 PCT/IB2023/057049 IB2023057049W WO2024018317A1 WO 2024018317 A1 WO2024018317 A1 WO 2024018317A1 IB 2023057049 W IB2023057049 W IB 2023057049W WO 2024018317 A1 WO2024018317 A1 WO 2024018317A1
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/451—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs characterised by the compositions or shapes of the interlayer dielectrics
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
- H10D30/60—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
- H10D30/67—Thin-film transistors [TFT]
- H10D30/674—Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the active materials
- H10D30/6755—Oxide semiconductors, e.g. zinc oxide, copper aluminium oxide or cadmium stannate
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- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/60—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs wherein the TFTs are in active matrices
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- H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
- H10D30/01—Manufacture or treatment
- H10D30/021—Manufacture or treatment of FETs having insulated gates [IGFET]
- H10D30/031—Manufacture or treatment of FETs having insulated gates [IGFET] of thin-film transistors [TFT]
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
- H10D30/60—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
- H10D30/67—Thin-film transistors [TFT]
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D30/00—Field-effect transistors [FET]
- H10D30/60—Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
- H10D30/67—Thin-film transistors [TFT]
- H10D30/6757—Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. transverse or longitudinal shape or doping profile
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- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/421—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs having a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer
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- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/421—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs having a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer
- H10D86/423—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs having a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer comprising semiconductor materials not belonging to the Group IV, e.g. InGaZnO
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- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/441—Interconnections, e.g. scanning lines
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- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/40—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
- H10D86/471—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs having different architectures, e.g. having both top-gate and bottom-gate TFTs
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
Definitions
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing the same.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a transistor and a method for manufacturing the same.
- One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device including a semiconductor device.
- one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field.
- the technical fields of one embodiment of the present invention include semiconductor devices, display devices, light-emitting devices, power storage devices, storage devices, electronic devices, lighting devices, input devices (e.g., touch sensors), input/output devices (e.g., touch panels), and the like.
- An example of this is a method for driving the same or a method for producing the same.
- a semiconductor device is a device that utilizes semiconductor characteristics, and refers to a circuit including a semiconductor element (transistor, diode, photodiode, etc.), a device having the same circuit, etc. It also refers to any device that can function by utilizing the characteristics of semiconductors.
- an integrated circuit, a chip including an integrated circuit, and an electronic component containing a chip in a package are examples of semiconductor devices.
- a storage device, a display device, a light emitting device, a lighting device, and an electronic device may themselves be semiconductor devices, and each may include a semiconductor device.
- Semiconductor devices having transistors are widely applied to electronic devices. For example, in a display device, by reducing the area occupied by a transistor, the pixel size can be reduced and the definition can be increased. Therefore, miniaturized transistors are required.
- Examples of devices that require high-definition display devices include virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), substitute reality (SR), and mixed reality (MR). ) devices are being actively developed.
- VR virtual reality
- AR augmented reality
- SR substitute reality
- MR mixed reality
- a display device for example, a light emitting device having an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) element or a light emitting diode (LED) has been developed.
- organic EL Electro Luminescence
- LED light emitting diode
- Patent Document 1 discloses a high-definition display device using organic EL elements.
- An object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a microsized transistor. Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a transistor with a short channel length. Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a transistor with a large on-state current. Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a transistor with a small cutoff current. Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a highly reliable transistor. Another object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device having a transistor with good electrical characteristics. Alternatively, one of the objects is to provide a semiconductor device that occupies a small area. Alternatively, an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device with high performance.
- one of the objects is to provide a semiconductor device with low power consumption.
- one of the challenges is to provide a highly reliable semiconductor device.
- one of the objectives is to provide a semiconductor device with high productivity.
- one of the challenges is to provide a new semiconductor device.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a substrate.
- the first transistor includes a first conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer on the first insulating layer, and a second conductive layer on the second conductive layer. a second insulating layer, a third insulating layer on the second insulating layer, a third conductive layer on the third insulating layer, and a first semiconductor layer.
- the second conductive layer has a first opening reaching the first insulating layer in a region overlapping with the first conductive layer.
- the second insulating layer contacts the top and side surfaces of the second conductive layer and the top surface of the first insulating layer.
- the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, the third insulating layer, and the third conductive layer each have a second opening that reaches the first conductive layer in a region that overlaps with the first opening.
- the first semiconductor layer includes, in the second opening, the top surface of the first conductive layer, the side surface of the first insulating layer, the side surface of the second insulating layer, the side surface of the third insulating layer, and the third conductive layer. Contact with the top and side surfaces of the layer.
- the second transistor includes a fourth conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the fourth conductive layer, a second insulating layer on the first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer on the second insulating layer. and a second semiconductor layer on the third insulating layer.
- the second semiconductor layer has a region that overlaps with the fourth conductive layer via the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, and the third insulating layer.
- the first conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer have the same material.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a substrate.
- the first transistor includes a first conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer on the first insulating layer, and a second conductive layer on the second conductive layer. a second insulating layer, a third conductive layer on the second insulating layer, and a first semiconductor layer.
- the second conductive layer has a first opening reaching the first insulating layer in a region overlapping with the first conductive layer.
- the second insulating layer contacts the top and side surfaces of the second conductive layer and the top surface of the first insulating layer.
- the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, and the third conductive layer each have a second opening that reaches the first conductive layer in a region that overlaps with the first opening.
- the first semiconductor layer is in contact with the top surface of the first conductive layer, the side surface of the first insulating layer, the side surface of the second insulating layer, and the top surface and side surfaces of the third conductive layer at the second opening.
- the second transistor includes a fourth conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the fourth conductive layer, a second insulating layer on the first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer on the second insulating layer. and a second semiconductor layer on the third insulating layer. An end of the second semiconductor layer contacts the top surface of the third insulating layer.
- the second semiconductor layer has a region that overlaps with the fourth conductive layer via the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, and the third insulating layer.
- the first conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer have the same material.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a substrate.
- the first transistor includes a first conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer on the first insulating layer, and a second conductive layer on the second conductive layer. a second insulating layer, a third conductive layer on the second insulating layer, a third insulating layer on the third conductive layer, and a first semiconductor layer.
- the second conductive layer has a first opening reaching the first insulating layer in a region overlapping with the first conductive layer.
- the second insulating layer contacts the top and side surfaces of the second conductive layer and the top surface of the first insulating layer.
- the third insulating layer contacts the top and side surfaces of the third conductive layer and the top surface of the second insulating layer.
- the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, the third conductive layer, and the third insulating layer each have a second opening that reaches the first conductive layer in a region that overlaps with the first opening.
- the first semiconductor layer has a top surface of the first conductive layer, a side surface of the first insulating layer, a side surface of the second insulating layer, a side surface of the third conductive layer, and a third insulating layer in the second opening. Contact with the top and side surfaces of the layer.
- the second transistor includes a fourth conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the fourth conductive layer, a second insulating layer on the first insulating layer, and a second insulating layer on the second insulating layer. and a second semiconductor layer on the third insulating layer.
- the second semiconductor layer has a region that overlaps with the fourth conductive layer via the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, and the third insulating layer.
- the first conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer have the same material.
- One embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device including a first transistor, a second transistor, and a substrate.
- the first transistor includes a first conductive layer on the substrate, a first insulating layer on the first conductive layer, a second conductive layer on the first insulating layer, and a second conductive layer on the second conductive layer. a second insulating layer, a third conductive layer on the second insulating layer, and a first semiconductor layer.
- the second conductive layer has a first opening reaching the first insulating layer in a region overlapping with the first conductive layer.
- the second insulating layer contacts the top and side surfaces of the second conductive layer and the top surface of the first insulating layer.
- the first insulating layer, the second insulating layer, and the third conductive layer each have a second opening that reaches the first conductive layer in a region that overlaps with the first opening.
- the first semiconductor layer is in contact with the top surface of the first conductive layer, the side surface of the first insulating layer, the side surface of the second insulating layer, and the top surface and side surfaces of the third conductive layer at the second opening.
- the second transistor includes a fourth conductive layer on the first insulating layer, a second insulating layer on the fourth conductive layer, a third insulating layer on the second insulating layer, and a third insulating layer on the second insulating layer. a second semiconductor layer on the insulating layer. An end of the second semiconductor layer contacts the top surface of the third insulating layer.
- the second semiconductor layer has a region that overlaps with the fourth conductive layer via the second insulating layer and the third insulating layer.
- the second conductive layer and the fourth conductive layer have the same material.
- the conductivity of the second conductive layer is preferably higher than the conductivity of the first conductive layer.
- the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer each contain a metal oxide.
- the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer have the same material.
- the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer have different materials.
- the first transistor preferably has a fourth insulating layer and a fifth conductive layer on the fourth insulating layer.
- the fifth conductive layer has a region overlapping with the first semiconductor layer via the fourth insulating layer.
- the second transistor includes a fourth insulating layer and a sixth conductive layer on the fourth insulating layer.
- the sixth conductive layer has a region that overlaps with the second semiconductor layer via the fourth insulating layer.
- the fifth conductive layer and the sixth conductive layer have the same material.
- a semiconductor device having a microsized transistor can be provided.
- a semiconductor device including a transistor with a short channel length can be provided.
- a semiconductor device including a transistor with a large on-state current can be provided.
- a semiconductor device including a transistor with a small cutoff current can be provided.
- a semiconductor device having a highly reliable transistor can be provided.
- a semiconductor device including a transistor with good electrical characteristics can be provided.
- a semiconductor device that occupies a small area can be provided.
- one embodiment of the present invention can provide a semiconductor device with high performance.
- a semiconductor device with low power consumption can be provided.
- a highly reliable semiconductor device can be provided.
- a highly productive semiconductor device can be provided.
- a new semiconductor device can be provided.
- FIG. 1A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 1B and 1C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 3A and 3B are perspective views showing the configuration of a semiconductor device.
- 4A and 4B are perspective views showing the configuration of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 6A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 7A and 7B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 8A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 8B and 8C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 9A to 9C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 10A and 10B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 11A and 11B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 13A and 13B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 14A and 14B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 15A is a top view showing an example
- 16A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 16B and 16C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 17A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 18A and 18B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 19A and 19B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 20A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 20B and 20C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 21A is a top view showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 21B and 21C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 22A and 22B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 23A and 23B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 24A and 24B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a semiconductor device.
- 25A to 25E are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 26A to 26D are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 27A to 27C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 28A to 28C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 29A to 29D are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 30A to 30C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 31A to 31C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 32A and 32B are cross-sectional views showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 33A to 33C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 35A to 35C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- 36A to 36C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 38A to 37C are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 38A is a perspective view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 38B is a block diagram of the display device.
- FIG. 39A is a circuit diagram of a latch circuit.
- FIG. 39B is a circuit diagram of an inverter circuit.
- 40A and 40B are circuit diagrams of pixel circuits.
- FIG. 40C is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a pixel circuit.
- FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 43 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 44A to 44C are cross-sectional views showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 46 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- FIG. 47 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a display device.
- 48A to 48F are cross-sectional views illustrating an example of a method for manufacturing a display device.
- 49A to 49D are diagrams illustrating an example of an electronic device.
- 50A to 50F are diagrams illustrating an example of an electronic device.
- 51A to 51G are diagrams illustrating an example of an electronic device.
- ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” are used for convenience, and do not limit the number of components or the order of the components (for example, the order of steps or the order of lamination). It's not something you do. Further, the ordinal number attached to a constituent element in a certain part of this specification may not match the ordinal number attached to the constituent element in another part of this specification or in the claims.
- film and “layer” can be interchanged depending on the situation or circumstances.
- conductive layer can be changed to the term “conductive film.”
- insulating film can be changed to the term “insulating layer.”
- a transistor is a type of semiconductor element, and can achieve the function of amplifying current or voltage, and the switching operation of controlling conduction or non-conduction.
- Transistors in this specification include IGFETs (Insulated Gate Field Effect Transistors) and thin film transistors (TFTs).
- source and drain may be interchanged when transistors of different polarity are employed, or when the direction of current changes during circuit operation. Therefore, in this specification, the terms “source” and “drain” can be used interchangeably.
- electrically connected includes a case where a connection is made via "something that has some kind of electrical effect.”
- something that has some kind of electrical effect is not particularly limited as long as it enables transmission and reception of electrical signals between connected objects.
- something that has some kind of electrical action includes electrodes or wiring, switching elements such as transistors, resistance elements, coils, capacitance elements, and other elements with various functions.
- off-state current refers to leakage current between a source and a drain when a transistor is in an off state (also referred to as a non-conducting state or a cutoff state).
- an off state is a state in which the voltage between the gate and source, V gs , is lower than the threshold voltage V th for n-channel transistors (higher than V th for p-channel transistors). means.
- the upper surface shapes roughly match means that at least a portion of the outlines of the stacked layers overlap. For example, this includes a case where the upper layer and the lower layer are processed using the same mask pattern or partially the same mask pattern. However, strictly speaking, the contours may not overlap, and the upper layer may be located inside the lower layer, or the upper layer may be located outside the lower layer, and in this case, the upper surface shape may be said to be "approximately the same”. Furthermore, when the top surface shapes match or roughly match, it can also be said that the ends are aligned or roughly aligned.
- a tapered shape refers to a shape in which at least a part of the side surface of the structure is inclined with respect to the substrate surface or the surface to be formed.
- a region where the angle between the inclined side surface and the substrate surface or the surface to be formed also referred to as a taper angle
- the side surface of the structure, the substrate surface, and the surface to be formed do not necessarily have to be completely flat, and may be substantially planar with a minute curvature or substantially planar with minute irregularities.
- a device manufactured using a metal mask or FMM fine metal mask, high-definition metal mask
- a device with a MM (metal mask) structure is sometimes referred to as a device with an MML (metal maskless) structure.
- SBS Side By Side
- materials and configurations can be optimized for each light emitting element, which increases the degree of freedom in selecting materials and configurations, making it easier to improve brightness and reliability.
- holes or electrons are sometimes referred to as “carriers.”
- a hole injection layer or an electron injection layer is called a “carrier injection layer”
- a hole transport layer or an electron transport layer is called a “carrier transport layer”
- a hole blocking layer or an electron blocking layer is called a “carrier injection layer.”
- the carrier injection layer, carrier transport layer, and carrier block layer described above may not be clearly distinguishable depending on their respective cross-sectional shapes or characteristics.
- one layer may serve as two or three functions among a carrier injection layer, a carrier transport layer, and a carrier block layer.
- a light emitting element has an EL layer between a pair of electrodes.
- the EL layer has at least a light emitting layer.
- the layers (also referred to as functional layers) included in the EL layer include a light emitting layer, a carrier injection layer (a hole injection layer and an electron injection layer), a carrier transport layer (a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer), and a carrier Block layers (hole block layer and electron block layer) and the like can be mentioned.
- a light receiving element also referred to as a light receiving device
- one of a pair of electrodes is sometimes referred to as a pixel electrode, and the other is sometimes referred to as a common electrode.
- the sacrificial layer (which may also be called a mask layer) refers to at least the layer above the light-emitting layer (more specifically, the layer that is processed into an island shape among the layers constituting the EL layer). It has the function of protecting the light emitting layer during the manufacturing process.
- step breakage refers to a phenomenon in which a layer, film, or electrode is separated due to the shape of the surface on which it is formed (for example, a step difference).
- FIG. 1A A top view (also referred to as a plan view) of the semiconductor device 10 is shown in FIG. 1A.
- FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 1C shows cross-sectional views taken along the dashed-dotted line B1-B2 and B3-B4.
- a perspective view of the semiconductor device 10 is shown in FIG.
- Excerpted perspective views of some components of the semiconductor device 10 are shown in FIGS. 3A to 4B. Note that in FIG. 1A, some of the constituent elements (such as an insulating layer) of the semiconductor device 10 are omitted. Regarding the top view of the semiconductor device, some of the components will be omitted in the subsequent drawings as well as in FIG. 1A.
- the insulating layer is transparent and the outline is shown by a broken line.
- the semiconductor device 10 includes a transistor 100 and a transistor 200.
- Transistor 100 and transistor 200 have different structures and are each provided on substrate 102. Further, the transistor 100 and the transistor 200 can be formed using some steps in common.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlarged view of the transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1B.
- the transistor 100 includes a conductive layer 112a, a conductive layer 103, an insulating layer 107, an insulating layer 110, an insulating layer 120, a semiconductor layer 108, a conductive layer 112b, an insulating layer 106, and a conductive layer 104.
- Each layer constituting the transistor 100 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure.
- the conductive layer 112a is provided on the substrate 102.
- the conductive layer 112a functions as one of a source electrode and a drain electrode of the transistor 100.
- the insulating layer 107 is located on the conductive layer 112a.
- the insulating layer 107 is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 103 is located on the insulating layer 107.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 103 are electrically insulated from each other by the insulating layer 107.
- An opening 148 reaching the insulating layer 107 is provided in the conductive layer 103 in a region overlapping with the conductive layer 112a.
- the insulating layer 110 is provided on the insulating layer 107 and the conductive layer 103.
- the insulating layer 110 is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 103 and the top surface of the insulating layer 107.
- the insulating layer 110 has a laminated structure.
- FIG. 1B and the like illustrate an example in which the insulating layer 110 has a stacked structure of an insulating layer 110a, an insulating layer 110b over the insulating layer 110a, and an insulating layer 110c over the insulating layer 110b.
- the insulating layer 110a is located on the insulating layer 107 and the conductive layer 103.
- the insulating layer 110a is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 103. Further, the insulating layer 110a is provided so as to partially cover the opening 148. The insulating layer 110a is in contact with the insulating layer 107 through the opening 148.
- An insulating layer 110b is provided on the insulating layer 110a, and an insulating layer 110c is provided on the insulating layer 110b. Further, an insulating layer 120 is provided on the insulating layer 110c. An opening 141 reaching the conductive layer 112a is provided in the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120.
- the conductive layer 112b is located on the insulating layer 120.
- An opening 143 overlapping with the opening 141 is provided in the conductive layer 112b. Note that in FIG. 3B, the opening 141 is shown by a broken line.
- the conductive layer 112b functions as the other of the source electrode and the drain electrode of the transistor 100.
- the conductive layer 112b has a region overlapping with the conductive layer 112a via the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120.
- each of the openings 141, 143, and 148 may have a polygonal shape such as a circle, an ellipse, a triangle, a quadrilateral (including a rectangle, a diamond, and a square), a pentagon, or a shape with rounded corners of these polygons.
- the polygon may be either a concave polygon (a polygon in which at least one interior angle is greater than 180 degrees) or a convex polygon (a polygon in which all interior angles are less than or equal to 180 degrees). As shown in FIG.
- each of the openings 141, 143, and 148 preferably has a circular top surface shape.
- the upper surface shape of the opening circular, it is possible to improve the processing accuracy when forming the opening, and it is possible to form an opening with a minute size. Note that in this specification and the like, circular is not limited to a perfect circle.
- the top surface shape of the opening 141 refers to the shape of the top surface end portion of the insulating layer sandwiched between the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b on the opening 141 side.
- the top surface shape of the opening 141 refers to the shape of the top surface end portion of the insulating layer 120 on the opening 141 side.
- the top surface shape of the opening 143 refers to the shape of the bottom surface end portion of the conductive layer 112b on the opening 143 side.
- the upper surface shape of the opening 148 refers to the shape of the upper surface end portion or the lower surface end portion of the conductive layer 103 on the opening 148 side.
- the top surface shape of the opening 141 and the top surface shape of the opening 143 can be made to match or approximately match each other.
- the lower surface of the conductive layer 112b refers to the surface on the insulating layer 120 side.
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 120 refers to the surface on the conductive layer 112b side.
- the top surface shape of the opening 141 and the top surface shape of the opening 143 do not have to match each other. Furthermore, when the top surfaces of the openings 141 and 143 are circular, the openings 141 and 143 may or may not be concentric.
- the openings 141 and 148 When the top surfaces of the openings 141 and 148 are circular, it is preferable that the openings 141 and 148 have concentric circles. Thereby, the shortest distance between the semiconductor layer 108 and the conductive layer 103 in a cross-sectional view can be made equal on the left and right sides of the opening 141. Further, the opening 141 and the opening 148 may not be concentric.
- the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the upper surface of the conductive layer 112a, the side surface of the insulating layer 107, the side surface of the insulating layer 110, the side surface of the insulating layer 120, and the upper surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b.
- the semiconductor layer 108 is provided to cover the openings 141 and 143.
- the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the side surface of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 on the opening 141 side, and the end of the conductive layer 112b on the opening 143 side (which can also be called a part of the upper surface and the side surface on the opening 143 side). It will be established.
- the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the conductive layer 112a through the openings 141 and 143.
- FIG. 1B shows an example in which the end of the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the upper surface of the conductive layer 112b
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the semiconductor layer 108 may cover the end of the conductive layer 112b, and the end of the semiconductor layer 108 may be in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 120.
- the insulating layer 106 is located on the insulating layer 120, the semiconductor layer 108, and the conductive layer 112b.
- the insulating layer 106 is provided to cover the openings 141 and 143 with the semiconductor layer 108 interposed therebetween. A portion of the insulating layer 106 functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 100.
- the conductive layer 104 is located on the insulating layer 106.
- the conductive layer 104 overlaps with the semiconductor layer 108 with the insulating layer 106 in between.
- the conductive layer 104 functions as a gate electrode of the transistor.
- the semiconductor layer 108 includes a layer that overlaps with the conductive layer 104 via the insulating layer 106 and overlaps with the conductive layer 103 via a portion of the insulating layer 110 (in particular, the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110b). A region exists. In other words, the semiconductor layer 108 includes a region sandwiched between the conductive layer 104 via the insulating layer 106 and the conductive layer 103 via a part of the insulating layer 110 (in particular, the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110b). exists.
- the conductive layer 103 functions as a back gate electrode of the transistor 100. Further, part of the insulating layer 110 and the insulating layer 120 function as a back gate insulating layer of the transistor 100. Note that the conductive layer 103 does not need to be provided.
- the back gate electrode in the transistor 100 By providing the back gate electrode in the transistor 100, the potential on the back channel side of the semiconductor layer 108 is fixed, and the saturation in the Id-Vd characteristics of the transistor 100 can be increased.
- the transistor 100 Since the transistor 100 has a back gate electrode, the potential on the back channel side of the semiconductor layer 108 can be fixed, and a shift in the threshold voltage can be suppressed.
- the threshold voltage of the transistor shifts, the drain current (hereinafter also referred to as cutoff current) that flows when the gate voltage is 0V may increase.
- cutoff current the drain current that flows when the gate voltage is 0V may increase.
- the transistor can have a small cutoff current. Note that a small cutoff current is sometimes referred to as normally off.
- the transistor 100 is a so-called top-gate transistor that has a gate electrode above the semiconductor layer 108. Furthermore, since the lower surface of the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode, it can be called a TGBC (Top Gate Bottom Contact) transistor.
- the source electrode and the drain electrode are located at different heights with respect to the surface of the substrate 102, which is the surface on which they are formed, and the drain current flows in a direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the surface of the substrate 102. flows. In the transistor 100, the drain current can also be said to flow in the vertical direction or approximately in the vertical direction. Therefore, a transistor that is one embodiment of the present invention can be called a vertical channel transistor or a VFET (Vertical Field Effect Transistor).
- VFET Very Field Effect Transistor
- the channel length of the transistor 100 can be controlled by the thickness of the insulating layer (here, the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120) provided between the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b. Therefore, a transistor having a channel length shorter than the resolution limit of an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing the transistor can be manufactured with high precision. Furthermore, variations in characteristics among the plurality of transistors 100 are also reduced. Therefore, the operation of the semiconductor device including the transistor 100 is stabilized, and reliability can be improved. Furthermore, when characteristic variations are reduced, the degree of freedom in circuit design increases, and the operating voltage of the semiconductor device can be lowered. Therefore, the power consumption of the semiconductor device can be reduced.
- the transistor 100 can have a source electrode, a semiconductor layer, and a drain electrode stacked one on top of the other, the occupied area can be significantly reduced compared to a so-called planar transistor in which the semiconductor layer is arranged in a plane.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, and the conductive layer 104 can each function as wiring, and the transistor 100 can be provided in a region where these wirings overlap. That is, in a circuit including the transistor 100 and the wiring, the area occupied by the transistor 100 and the wiring can be reduced. Therefore, the area occupied by the circuit can be reduced, and a compact semiconductor device can be achieved.
- the semiconductor device of one embodiment of the present invention when the semiconductor device of one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a pixel circuit of a display device, the area occupied by the pixel circuit can be reduced, and a high-definition display device can be obtained. Further, for example, when the semiconductor device of one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a driver circuit of a display device (for example, one or both of a gate line driver circuit and a source line driver circuit), the area occupied by the driver circuit can be reduced. Therefore, a display device with a narrow frame can be obtained.
- a driver circuit of a display device for example, one or both of a gate line driver circuit and a source line driver circuit
- FIG. 1B and the like show an example in which the semiconductor layer 108, the insulating layer 106, and the conductive layer 104 cover the openings 141 and 143, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- a structure may be adopted in which a step is formed by the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, the insulating layer 120, the conductive layer 112b, and the conductive layer 112a, and the semiconductor layer 108, the insulating layer 106, and the conductive layer 104 are provided along the step. .
- the transistor 200 includes a conductive layer 202, an insulating layer 107, an insulating layer 110, an insulating layer 120, a semiconductor layer 208, an insulating layer 106, and a conductive layer 204.
- Each layer configuring the transistor 200 may have a single layer structure or a stacked layer structure.
- a conductive layer 202 is provided on the substrate 102.
- the conductive layer 202 functions as a back gate electrode of the transistor 200.
- the same material as the conductive layer 112a can be used for the conductive layer 202.
- the conductive layer 202 can be formed in the same process as the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202 can be formed by forming a conductive film to be the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202, and processing the conductive film.
- An insulating layer 107 is provided on the conductive layer 202, an insulating layer 110 is provided on the insulating layer 107, and an insulating layer 120 is provided on the insulating layer 110. Parts of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 function as a back gate insulating layer of the transistor 200. Note that the conductive layer 202 does not need to be provided.
- a semiconductor layer 208 is provided on the insulating layer 120.
- the semiconductor layer 208 has a region overlapping with the conductive layer 202 via the insulating layer 107 , the insulating layer 110 , and the insulating layer 120 .
- the same material as the semiconductor layer 108 can be used for the semiconductor layer 208.
- the semiconductor layer 208 can be formed in the same process as the semiconductor layer 108.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be formed by forming semiconductor films to be the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, and processing the semiconductor films.
- An insulating layer 106 is provided on the insulating layer 120 and the semiconductor layer 208. A portion of the insulating layer 106 functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 200. Further, the insulating layer 106 has an opening 147a and an opening 147b that reach the semiconductor layer 208.
- a conductive layer 204, a conductive layer 212a, and a conductive layer 212b are provided on the insulating layer 106.
- the same material as the conductive layer 104 can be used for the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b.
- the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b can be formed in the same process as the conductive layer 104.
- the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b are formed. can be formed.
- the conductive layer 204 has a region that overlaps with the semiconductor layer 208 with the insulating layer 106 interposed therebetween, and functions as a gate electrode of the transistor 200.
- the end of the conductive layer 204 is located inside the end of the insulating layer 106. It can also be said that the end of the conductive layer 204 is in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 106. It can also be said that the insulating layer 106 has a portion that protrudes outward from the end portion of the conductive layer 204 at least on the semiconductor layer 208.
- the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b are provided so as to partially cover the opening 147a and the opening 147b, and are in contact with the semiconductor layer 208 through the opening 147a and the opening 147b.
- the conductive layer 212a functions as one of a source electrode and a drain electrode of the transistor 200, and the conductive layer 212b functions as the other.
- the entire region between the source electrode and the drain electrode that overlaps with the gate electrode via the gate insulating layer functions as a channel formation region.
- the semiconductor layer 208 has a pair of regions 208L sandwiching a channel formation region, and a pair of regions 208D outside the regions 208L.
- the region 208D can also be referred to as a region with higher carrier concentration than the channel forming region, a region with lower resistance, or an n-type region.
- a region in contact with the conductive layer 212a and a region 208D adjacent to the region function as one of a source region and a drain region.
- a region in contact with the conductive layer 212b and a region 208D adjacent to the region function as the other of the source region and the drain region.
- the region 208L is also referred to as a region with the same or lower electrical resistance, a region with the same or higher carrier concentration, a region with the same or higher oxygen defect density, or a region with the same or higher impurity concentration than the channel forming region. be able to. Furthermore, compared to the region 208D, the region 208L is a region with the same or higher electrical resistance, a region with the same or lower carrier concentration, a region with the same or lower oxygen defect density, and a region with the same or lower impurity concentration. I can say that.
- the region 208L functions as a buffer region for relaxing the drain electric field. Since the region 208L is a region that does not overlap with the conductive layer 204, a channel is hardly formed even when a gate voltage is applied to the conductive layer 204. It is preferable that the carrier concentration of the region 208L is higher than that of the channel forming region. Thereby, the region 208L can function as an LDD (Lightly Doped Drain) region.
- LDD Lightly Doped Drain
- the carrier concentration in the semiconductor layer 208 has a distribution such that it is lowest in the channel forming region and increases in the order of the region 208L and the region 208D.
- the carrier concentration in the channel formation region can be kept extremely low even if, for example, impurities such as hydrogen diffuse from the region 208D during the manufacturing process. Can be done.
- the carrier concentration in the region 208L may not be uniform, and may have a gradient such that the carrier concentration decreases from the region 208D side to the channel forming region.
- the hydrogen concentration and the oxygen vacancy concentration in the region 208L may have a gradient such that the concentration decreases from the region 208D side to the channel forming region side.
- the region 208L and the region 208D can be formed by adding an impurity element to the semiconductor layer 208 using these conductive layers as a mask.
- the region 208L is a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that overlaps with the insulating layer 106 but does not overlap with the conductive layer 204.
- the region 208D is a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with either the insulating layer 106 or the conductive layer 204.
- some ends of the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b are located inside the openings 147a and 147b.
- the region in contact with the conductive layer 212a and one of the pair of regions 208D can be made adjacent to each other, and similarly the region in contact with the conductive layer 212b and the other of the pair of regions 208D can be made to be adjacent to each other.
- top surface shapes of the openings 147a and 147b are not particularly limited. Although FIG. 1A and the like show a configuration in which the top surface shapes of the openings 147a and 147b are different from the top surface shapes of the openings 141 and 143, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the upper surface shapes of the opening 147a and the opening 147b may be the same as the upper surface shapes of the opening 141 and the opening 143.
- the region 208L and the region 208D are regions containing impurity elements.
- impurity element one or more of hydrogen, boron, carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic, aluminum, magnesium, silicon, and noble gas can be used.
- noble gases include helium, neon, argon, krypton, and xenon. It is particularly preferable to use one or more of boron, phosphorus, aluminum, magnesium, and silicon as the impurity element.
- the impurity element may be supplied to the semiconductor layer 108 via the insulating layer 106 using the conductive layer 104 as a mask.
- a region 108L is formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 104.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the conductive layer 112b functions as a source region or a drain region.
- the region 108L is formed in a part of the source region or drain region. Note that the region 108L does not need to be formed.
- the conductive layer 104 extends to cover the end of the semiconductor layer 108, the entire semiconductor layer 108 is masked by the conductive layer 104, so impurity elements are not supplied to the semiconductor layer 108, and the region 108L is formed. Not done.
- the conductive layer 204 may be electrically connected to the conductive layer 202 through openings 149 provided in the insulating layer 106, the insulating layer 120, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 107. Accordingly, the same potential can be applied to the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202. By applying the same potential to the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202, the current that can flow when the transistor 200 is in the on state can be increased.
- the top surface shape of the opening 149 is not particularly limited.
- the top surface shape of the opening 149 can be, for example, circular or elliptical.
- the upper surface shape of each opening 149 may be a polygon such as a triangle, a quadrangle (including a rectangle, a diamond, and a square), a pentagon, or a shape with rounded corners of these polygons.
- the top surface shape of the opening 149 may be the same as or different from the top surface shapes of the openings 141, 143, and 148. Further, the top surface shape of the opening 149 may be the same as or different from the top surface shapes of the openings 147a and 147b.
- the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202 protrude outward from the end of the semiconductor layer 208 in the channel width direction of the transistor 200.
- the entire semiconductor layer 208 in the channel width direction is covered with the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202 via the insulating layer 106, the insulating layer 110, the insulating layer 120, and the insulating layer 107.
- the configuration will be as follows. With this configuration, the semiconductor layer 208 can be electrically surrounded by an electric field generated by the pair of gate electrodes. At this time, it is particularly preferable to apply the same potential to the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202. Accordingly, an electric field for inducing a channel in the semiconductor layer 208 can be effectively applied, so that the on-state current of the transistor 200 can be increased. Therefore, the transistor 200 can also be miniaturized.
- the conductive layer 204 and the conductive layer 202 may not be connected. At this time, a constant potential may be applied to one of the pair of gate electrodes, and a signal for driving the transistor 200 may be applied to the other. At this time, the threshold voltage when driving the transistor 200 with the other gate electrode can also be controlled by the potential applied to one gate electrode.
- the conductive layer 202 may be electrically connected to the conductive layer 212a or the conductive layer 212b. At this time, if the conductive layer 212a or the conductive layer 212b and the conductive layer 202 are electrically connected through the openings provided in the insulating layer 106, the insulating layer 120, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 107, good.
- the transistor 200 is a so-called top-gate transistor that has a gate electrode above the semiconductor layer 208.
- the region 208D functioning as a source region and a drain region can be formed in a self-aligned manner.
- the transistor 200 can be a TGSA (Top Gate Self-Aligned) transistor.
- the channel length of the transistor 200 can be controlled by the length of the conductive layer 204. Therefore, the channel length of the transistor 200 has a value greater than or equal to the resolution limit of an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing the transistor. By increasing the channel length, a transistor with high saturation can be obtained.
- the transistor 100 with a short channel length and the transistor 200 with a long channel length can be formed on the same substrate by using some steps in common. For example, by applying the transistor 100 to a transistor that requires a large on-current and applying the transistor 200 to a transistor that requires a high saturation property, a high-performance semiconductor device can be obtained.
- An insulating layer 195 is provided to cover the transistor 100 and the transistor 200.
- the insulating layer 195 functions as a protective layer for the transistor 100 and the transistor 200.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are enlarged views of transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 6B is an enlarged view of transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1B.
- the region in contact with the conductive layer 112a functions as one of the source region and the drain region
- the region in contact with the conductive layer 112b functions as the other of the source region and the drain region
- the region between the source region and the drain region functions as a channel forming region.
- the channel length of the transistor 100 is the distance between the source region and the drain region.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100 is indicated by a dashed double-headed arrow.
- the channel length L100 can be said to be the shortest distance between a region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the conductive layer 112a and a region in contact with the conductive layer 112b in a cross-sectional view.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100 corresponds to the length of the side surface on the opening 141 side of the insulating layer sandwiched between the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b in a cross-sectional view.
- the channel length L100 is determined by the thickness Tins of the insulating layer sandwiched between the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b (here, the sum of the thicknesses of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120), and the thickness of these insulating layers. It is determined by the angle ⁇ ins between the side surface of the layer on the opening 141 side and the surface to be formed (here, the upper surface of the conductive layer 112a).
- the channel length L100 can be set to a value smaller than the limit resolution of the exposure apparatus, and a fine-sized transistor can be realized. Specifically, it is possible to realize a transistor with an extremely short channel length, which could not be realized with conventional exposure equipment for mass production of flat panel displays (for example, minimum line width of about 2 ⁇ m or 1.5 ⁇ m). Further, it is also possible to realize a transistor with a channel length of less than 10 nm without using extremely expensive exposure equipment used in cutting-edge LSI technology.
- the channel length L100 is, for example, 5 nm or more, 7 nm or more, or 10 nm or more, and less than 3 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.2 ⁇ m or less, 1 ⁇ m or less, 500 nm or less, 300 nm or less, It can be 200 nm or less, 100 nm or less, 50 nm or less, 30 nm or less, or 20 nm or less.
- the channel length L100 can be set to 100 nm or more and 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the on-current of the transistor 100 can be increased.
- the transistor 100 By using the transistor 100, a circuit that can operate at high speed can be manufactured. Furthermore, it becomes possible to reduce the area occupied by the circuit. Therefore, the semiconductor device can be made small. For example, when the semiconductor device of one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a large-sized display device or a high-definition display device, even if the number of wires increases, signal delay in each wire can be reduced, and display unevenness can be reduced. can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the area occupied by the circuit can be reduced, the frame of the display device can be made narrower.
- the channel length L100 can be controlled.
- the film thickness Tins is indicated by a double-dotted chain arrow.
- the film thickness Tins is, for example, 10 nm or more, 50 nm or more, 100 nm or more, 150 nm or more, 200 nm or more, 300 nm or more, 400 nm or more, or 500 nm or more, and less than 3.0 ⁇ m, 2.5 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or less. , 1.5 ⁇ m or less, 1.2 ⁇ m or less, or 1.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the side surfaces of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 on the opening 141 side have a tapered shape.
- the angle ⁇ ins between the side surfaces of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 on the opening 141 side and the surface on which the insulating layer 110 is formed is preferably less than 90 degrees. .
- the coverage of layers (eg, semiconductor layer 108) provided on these insulating layers can be improved.
- the smaller the angle ⁇ ins the longer the channel length L100 can be, and the larger the angle ⁇ ins, the shorter the channel length L100 can be.
- the angle ⁇ ins is, for example, 30 degrees or more, 35 degrees or more, 40 degrees or more, 45 degrees or more, 50 degrees or more, 55 degrees or more, 60 degrees or more, 65 degrees or more, or 70 degrees or more, but less than 90 degrees, It can be 85 degrees or less, or 80 degrees or less.
- FIG. 6B and the like illustrate a configuration in which the side surfaces of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 on the opening 141 side are straight in cross-sectional view
- one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. I can't do it.
- the shape of the side surface of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 on the side of the opening 141 may be curved, and the shape of the side surface may have both a straight region and a curved region. You can.
- the width D143 of the opening 143 is indicated by a two-dot chain double-headed arrow.
- FIG. 6A shows an example in which the top surface shapes of the openings 141 and 143 are circular.
- the width D143 corresponds to the diameter of the circle
- the channel width W100 of the transistor 100 corresponds to the circumference of the circle. That is, the channel width W100 is ⁇ D143.
- the top surfaces of the openings 141 and 143 are circular, a transistor with a smaller channel width W100 can be realized compared to other shapes.
- the diameter of the opening 141 and the diameter of the opening 143 may be different from each other. Further, the inner diameter of the opening 141 and the inner diameter of the opening 143 may each change in the depth direction.
- the diameter of the opening for example, three average values are used: the diameter at the highest position, the diameter at the lowest position, and the diameter at the intermediate point of the insulating layers 107, 110, and 120 in cross-sectional view. be able to.
- the diameter of the opening may be, for example, the diameter at the highest position, the diameter at the lowest position, or the diameter at the intermediate point of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110, and the insulating layer 120 in cross-sectional view. The diameter may also be used.
- the width D143 of the opening 143 is equal to or larger than the limit resolution of the exposure device.
- the width D143 is, for example, 200 nm or more, 300 nm or more, 400 nm or more, or 500 nm or more, and less than 5.0 ⁇ m, 4.5 ⁇ m or less, 4.0 ⁇ m or less, 3.5 ⁇ m or less, 3.0 ⁇ m or less, 2. It can be 5 ⁇ m or less, 2.0 ⁇ m or less, 1.5 ⁇ m or less, or 1.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness T103 of the conductive layer 103 is preferably at least 0.5 times the channel length L100, more preferably at least 1.0 times, even more preferably over 1.0 times, and at most 2.0 times. It is preferably 1.5 times or less, and even more preferably 1.2 times or less. Thereby, a region in the semiconductor layer 108 that overlaps with the conductive layer 104 via the insulating layer 106 and overlaps with the conductive layer 103 via the insulating layer 110 and the insulating layer 120 can be made sufficiently wide. Therefore, the potential on the back channel side of the semiconductor layer 108 can be controlled more reliably.
- the film thickness T103 of the conductive layer 103 may be larger than the film thickness Tins. Thereby, the potential on the back channel side of the semiconductor layer 108 can be fixed in a wide range between the source region and the drain region in the semiconductor layer 108.
- the conductive layer 103, the insulating layer 110, the insulating layer 120, the semiconductor layer 108, the insulating layer 106, and the conductive layer 104 are arranged in this order in one direction without any other layer in between. has an overlapping area.
- This direction includes a direction perpendicular to the channel length L100. By widening this region, the potential on the back channel side of the semiconductor layer 108 can be controlled more reliably.
- the thickness T103 of the conductive layer 103 can be made larger than the sum of the thickness of the portion of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the conductive layer 112a inside the opening 141 and the thickness of the insulating layer 106 that is in contact with that portion.
- the distance L11 which is the shortest distance between the conductive layer 103 and the semiconductor layer 108 in a cross-sectional view, is preferably shorter than the channel length L100, more preferably 0.5 times or less, and even more preferably 0.1 times or less. The closer the distance between the conductive layer 103 and the semiconductor layer 108 is, the higher the saturation of the Id-Vd characteristics of the transistor 100 can be.
- the shortest distance between the conductive layer 103 and the semiconductor layer 108 may differ on the left and right sides of the opening 141. At this time, it is preferable that the distance L11 satisfies the above range on at least one of the left and right sides of the opening 141, and it is more preferable that the distance L11 is within the above range on both sides.
- the shortest distance between the conductive layer 103 and the semiconductor layer 108 on the left side of the opening 141 is preferably 50% or more and 150% or less, more preferably 30% or more and 130% or less, of the shortest distance on the right side of the opening 141. It is preferable, and more preferably 10% or more and 110% or less.
- FIG. 6B and the like show examples in which the thickness of the insulating layer 107 is uniform regardless of location, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the film thickness may be different between a region of the insulating layer 107 that overlaps with the conductive layer 103 and a region that does not overlap.
- a portion of the insulating layer 107 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 103 may be partially removed and the film thickness may be reduced. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7A, in the insulating layer 107, a region that does not overlap with the conductive layer 103 may be thinner than a region that overlaps.
- a region of the insulating layer 107 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 103 may be removed so that the insulating layer 110a has a region in contact with the conductive layer 112a.
- a region of the insulating layer 107 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 103 can be removed.
- the film thickness Tins is the sum of the film thicknesses of the insulating layer 110a, the insulating layer 110b, the insulating layer 110c, and the insulating layer 120.
- the film thickness Tins is preferably within the above-mentioned range.
- FIGS. 8A to 8C are a top view of transistor 200
- FIG. 8B is an enlarged view of transistor 200 shown in FIG. 1B
- FIG. 8C is an enlarged view of transistor 200 shown in FIG. 1C.
- a pair of regions 208D function as a source region and a drain region, and a region between the source region and the drain region functions as a channel formation region.
- the channel formation region has a region that overlaps with the conductive layer 204 with the insulating layer 106 interposed therebetween.
- the channel length of the transistor 200 is the length of the region where the semiconductor layer 208 and the conductive layer 204 overlap between the pair of regions 208D.
- 8A and 8B show the channel length L200 of the transistor 200 with a dashed double-headed arrow.
- the channel length L200 of the transistor 200 is determined by the length of the conductive layer 204, and has a value greater than or equal to the resolution limit of an exposure apparatus used for manufacturing the transistor.
- the channel length L200 can be 1.5 ⁇ m or more. By increasing the channel length, a transistor with high saturation can be obtained.
- the channel width of the transistor 200 is the width of the region where the semiconductor layer 208 and the conductive layer 204 overlap in the direction perpendicular to the channel length direction.
- the channel width W200 of the transistor 200 is shown by a solid double-headed arrow.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100 can be set to a value smaller than the limit resolution of the exposure apparatus, and the channel length L200 of the transistor 200 can be set to a value greater than or equal to the limit resolution of the exposure apparatus.
- the transistor 100 by applying the transistor 100 to a transistor that requires a large on-current and applying the transistor 200 to a transistor that requires a high saturation property, it is possible to obtain a high-performance semiconductor device 10 that takes advantage of the advantages of each transistor. can.
- the transistor 100 and the transistor 200 which have different structures and channel lengths, can be formed over the substrate 102 using some steps in common.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202 can be formed in the same process.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be formed in the same process.
- a portion of the insulating layer 106 functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 100, and another portion of the insulating layer 106 functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 200.
- the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b can be formed in the same process. Therefore, the productivity of the semiconductor device 10 can be increased and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
- the film thickness may be different between a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that overlaps with the insulating layer 106 and a region that does not overlap.
- the thickness of the region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with the insulating layer 106 may be thinner than the thickness of the region that overlaps.
- the film thickness may be different between a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that overlaps with any of the insulating layer 106, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b, and a region that does not overlap with any of them.
- the film thickness may be thinner than the region overlapping any of these.
- the film thickness is increased in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that overlaps with the insulating layer 106, a region that overlaps with any of the insulating layer 106, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b, and a region that does not overlap with any of these. May be different.
- semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 are not particularly limited.
- a semiconductor made of a single element or a compound semiconductor can be used.
- semiconductors made of simple elements include silicon and germanium.
- compound semiconductors include gallium arsenide and silicon germanium.
- Other examples of compound semiconductors include organic semiconductors, nitride semiconductors, and oxide semiconductors. Note that these semiconductor materials may contain impurities as dopants.
- the crystallinity of the semiconductor material used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is not particularly limited, and may be an amorphous semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, or a semiconductor having crystallinity other than single crystal (microcrystalline semiconductor, polycrystalline semiconductor, or (a semiconductor partially having a crystalline region) may be used. It is preferable to use a single crystal semiconductor or a semiconductor having crystallinity because deterioration of transistor characteristics can be suppressed.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 preferably include a metal oxide (also referred to as an oxide semiconductor) that exhibits semiconductor characteristics.
- a metal oxide also referred to as an oxide semiconductor
- the band gap of the metal oxide used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is preferably 2.0 eV or more, more preferably 2.5 eV or more.
- metal oxides examples include indium oxide, gallium oxide, and zinc oxide.
- the metal oxide contains at least indium or zinc.
- the metal oxide has two or three selected from indium, element M, and zinc.
- the element M is a metal element or a metalloid element that has a high bonding energy with oxygen, for example, a metal element or a metalloid element that has a higher bonding energy with oxygen than indium.
- the element M includes aluminum, gallium, tin, yttrium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, zirconium, molybdenum, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, magnesium, and calcium. , strontium, barium, boron, silicon, germanium, and antimony.
- the element M included in the metal oxide is preferably one or more of the above elements, more preferably one or more selected from aluminum, gallium, tin, and yttrium, and further gallium. preferable. Note that in this specification and the like, metal elements and metalloid elements may be collectively referred to as "metal elements," and the "metal elements" described in this specification and the like may include semimetal elements.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 are made of, for example, indium zinc oxide (In-Zn oxide, also referred to as IZO (registered trademark)), indium tin oxide (In-Sn oxide), indium titanium oxide (In- Ti oxide), indium gallium oxide (In-Ga oxide), indium gallium aluminum oxide (In-Ga-Al oxide), indium gallium tin oxide (In-Ga-Sn oxide, also written as IGTO) , gallium zinc oxide (also written as Ga-Zn oxide, GZO), aluminum zinc oxide (also written as Al-Zn oxide, AZO), indium aluminum zinc oxide (also written as In-Al-Zn oxide, IAZO) ), indium tin zinc oxide (In-Sn-Zn oxide, also referred to as ITZO (registered trademark)), indium titanium zinc oxide (In-Ti-Zn oxide), indium gallium zinc oxide (In-Ga- Zn oxide, also written as IGZO), indium
- the field effect mobility of the transistor can be increased. Furthermore, a transistor with a large on-state current can be realized.
- the metal oxide may contain one or more metal elements having a large periodic number in the periodic table of elements.
- metal elements with large period numbers include metal elements belonging to the fifth period and metal elements belonging to the sixth period.
- the metal element examples include yttrium, zirconium, silver, cadmium, tin, antimony, barium, lead, bismuth, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and europium. Note that lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, and europium are called light rare earth elements.
- the metal oxide may contain one or more nonmetallic elements.
- the metal oxide contains a nonmetallic element, the carrier concentration increases, the band gap decreases, or the like, and the field-effect mobility of the transistor can be improved in some cases.
- nonmetallic elements include carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, selenium, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and hydrogen.
- the metal oxide becomes highly crystalline, and the diffusion of impurities in the metal oxide can be suppressed. . Therefore, fluctuations in the electrical characteristics of the transistor are suppressed, and reliability can be improved.
- the electrical characteristics and reliability of the transistor vary depending on the composition of the metal oxide applied to the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208. Therefore, by varying the composition of the metal oxide depending on the electrical characteristics and reliability required of the transistor, a semiconductor device that has both excellent electrical characteristics and high reliability can be obtained.
- the analysis of the composition of metal oxides for example, the energy distributed X -ray division method (EDX: ENERGY DISPERSIVE X -RAY SPECTROMETRY, XPS: XPS: X -Ray PhotoElECTRON SPECTRON SPECTROMETR. Y), guidance bond plasma mass analysis method (ICP-MS: Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry), or Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emis (ICP-AES) sion Spectrometry) can be used.
- ICP-MS Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
- ICP-AES Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emis
- sion Spectrometry can be used.
- analysis may be performed by combining two or more of these methods. Note that for elements with low content rates, the actual content rate and the content rate obtained by analysis may differ due to the influence of analysis accuracy. For example, when the content of element M is low, the content of element M obtained by analysis may be
- the atomic ratio of In in the In-M-Zn oxide is preferably equal to or higher than the atomic ratio of the element M.
- the nearby composition includes a range of ⁇ 30% of the desired atomic ratio
- the atomic ratio of In in the In-M-Zn oxide may be less than the atomic ratio of element M.
- the element M includes a plurality of metal elements
- the sum of the ratios of the number of atoms of the metal elements can be taken as the ratio of the number of atoms of the element M.
- the ratio of the number of indium atoms to the sum of the number of atoms of all metal elements contained is sometimes referred to as the indium content rate. The same applies to other metal elements.
- a sputtering method or an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method can be suitably used to form the metal oxide.
- the composition of the metal oxide after film formation may be different from the composition of the target.
- the content of zinc in the metal oxide after film formation may be reduced to about 50% compared to the target.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may have a stacked structure having two or more metal oxide layers.
- the two or more metal oxide layers included in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may have the same or approximately the same composition.
- the same sputtering target can be used to form the layers, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.
- the two or more metal oxide layers included in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may have different compositions.
- a first metal oxide layer having a composition of In:M:Zn 1:3:4 [atomic ratio] or a composition close to that, and In:M:Zn provided on the first metal oxide layer.
- a laminated structure with a second metal oxide layer having an atomic ratio of 1:1:1 or a composition close to this can be suitably used.
- the element M it is particularly preferable to use gallium, aluminum, or tin.
- a laminated structure of one selected from indium oxide, indium gallium oxide, and IGZO and one selected from IAZO, IAGZO, and ITZO (registered trademark) may be used. good.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 include a metal oxide having crystallinity.
- a metal oxide having crystallinity examples include a CAAC (c-axis aligned crystal) structure, a polycrystalline structure, and a microcrystalline (NC: nano-crystal) structure.
- the higher the substrate temperature during formation the more crystalline the metal oxide layer can be formed.
- the substrate temperature during formation can be adjusted, for example, by adjusting the temperature of the stage on which the substrate is placed during formation. Additionally, the higher the ratio of the flow rate of oxygen gas to the entire film-forming gas used during formation (hereinafter also referred to as oxygen flow rate ratio) or the oxygen partial pressure in the processing chamber, the more crystalline the metal oxide layer can be formed. .
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may have a stacked structure of two or more metal oxide layers having different crystallinity.
- the layered structure includes a first metal oxide layer and a second metal oxide layer provided on the first metal oxide layer, and the second metal oxide layer
- the structure can include a region having higher crystallinity than the oxide layer.
- the second metal oxide layer may have a region having lower crystallinity than the first metal oxide layer.
- the first metal oxide layer and the second metal oxide layer may have different compositions from each other, or may have the same or approximately the same composition.
- the thickness of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is preferably 3 nm or more and 200 nm or less, preferably 3 nm or more and 100 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, further preferably 10 nm or more and 100 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or more and 70 nm or less. is preferable, more preferably 15 nm or more and 70 nm or less, further preferably 15 nm or more and 50 nm or less, and even more preferably 20 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- V O oxygen vacancies
- a defect in which hydrogen is present in an oxygen vacancy (hereinafter referred to as V OH ) functions as a donor, and electrons, which are carriers, may be generated.
- a part of hydrogen may combine with oxygen that is combined with a metal atom to generate electrons, which are carriers. Therefore, a transistor using an oxide semiconductor containing a large amount of hydrogen tends to have normally-on characteristics. Further, since hydrogen in an oxide semiconductor is easily moved by stress such as heat or an electric field, if the oxide semiconductor contains a large amount of hydrogen, the reliability of the transistor may deteriorate.
- V OH in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 it is preferable to reduce V OH in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 as much as possible to make the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 highly pure or substantially pure.
- impurities such as water and hydrogen in the oxide semiconductor are removed (sometimes referred to as dehydration or dehydrogenation treatment). Therefore, it is important to supply oxygen to the oxide semiconductor to repair oxygen vacancies.
- an oxide semiconductor in which impurities such as V OH are sufficiently reduced for a channel formation region of a transistor stable electrical characteristics can be provided. Note that supplying oxygen to an oxide semiconductor to repair oxygen vacancies is sometimes referred to as oxygenation treatment.
- the carrier concentration of the oxide semiconductor in a region functioning as a channel formation region is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 18 cm ⁇ 3 or less, and 1 ⁇ 10 17 cm It is more preferably less than ⁇ 3 , even more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 3 , even more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 3 , and even more preferably less than 1 ⁇ 10 12 cm ⁇ 3. It is even more preferable.
- the lower limit of the carrier concentration of the oxide semiconductor in the region functioning as a channel formation region is not particularly limited, but can be set to 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 cm ⁇ 3 , for example.
- a transistor using an oxide semiconductor (hereinafter referred to as an OS transistor) has extremely high field effect mobility compared to a transistor using amorphous silicon. Further, the OS transistor has a significantly small off-state current, and can hold charge accumulated in a capacitor connected in series with the OS transistor for a long period of time. Further, by applying an OS transistor, power consumption of the semiconductor device can be reduced.
- OS transistors Since OS transistors have small fluctuations in electrical characteristics due to radiation irradiation, that is, have high resistance to radiation, they can be suitably used even in environments where radiation may be incident. It can also be said that OS transistors have high reliability against radiation.
- an OS transistor can be suitably used in a pixel circuit of an X-ray flat panel detector.
- OS transistors can be suitably used in semiconductor devices used in outer space. Radiation includes electromagnetic radiation (eg, x-rays, and gamma rays), and particle radiation (eg, alpha, beta, neutron, and proton radiation).
- Examples of silicon that can be used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, microcrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon.
- Examples of polycrystalline silicon include low temperature polysilicon (LTPS).
- a transistor in which amorphous silicon is used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be formed over a large glass substrate, and can be manufactured at low cost.
- a transistor in which polycrystalline silicon is used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 has high field effect mobility and can operate at high speed.
- a transistor using microcrystalline silicon for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 has higher field effect mobility than a transistor using amorphous silicon, and can operate at high speed.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may include a layered material that functions as a semiconductor.
- a layered material is a general term for a group of materials having a layered crystal structure.
- a layered crystal structure is a structure in which layers formed by covalent bonds or ionic bonds are stacked via bonds weaker than covalent bonds or ionic bonds, such as van der Waals bonds.
- a layered material has high electrical conductivity within a unit layer, that is, high two-dimensional electrical conductivity. By using a material that functions as a semiconductor and has high two-dimensional electrical conductivity for the channel formation region, a transistor with high on-state current can be provided.
- Examples of the layered material include graphene, silicene, and chalcogenide.
- a chalcogenide is a compound containing chalcogen (an element belonging to Group 16).
- examples of chalcogenides include transition metal chalcogenides, group 13 chalcogenides, and the like.
- transition metal chalcogenides that can be used as semiconductor layers of transistors include molybdenum sulfide (typically MoS 2 ), molybdenum selenide (typically MoSe 2 ), and molybdenum tellurium (typically MoTe 2 ) .
- tungsten sulfide typically WS 2
- tungsten selenide typically WSe 2
- tungsten tellurium typically WTe 2
- hafnium sulfide typically HfS 2
- hafnium selenide typically HfSe 2
- zirconium sulfide typically ZrS 2
- zirconium selenide typically ZrSe 2
- an inorganic insulating film for each layer constituting the insulating layer 110.
- the inorganic insulating film include an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, and a nitride oxide insulating film.
- oxide insulating films include silicon oxide film, aluminum oxide film, magnesium oxide film, gallium oxide film, germanium oxide film, yttrium oxide film, zirconium oxide film, lanthanum oxide film, neodymium oxide film, hafnium oxide film, and tantalum oxide film.
- nitride insulating film examples include a silicon nitride film and an aluminum nitride film.
- the oxynitride insulating film examples include a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxynitride film, a gallium oxynitride film, a yttrium oxynitride film, and a hafnium oxynitride film.
- the nitride oxide insulating film include a silicon nitride oxide film and an aluminum nitride oxide film.
- oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen.
- a nitrided oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen.
- silicon oxynitride refers to a material whose composition contains more oxygen than nitrogen
- silicon nitride oxide refers to a material whose composition contains more nitrogen than oxygen.
- composition analysis for example, the secondary -ion mass spectrometry (SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY), X -ray optical electron division of light (XPS), Auger Electronic Divide Light (AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROMETRY), or Nelgium distributed X -ray spectroscope method (EDX) can be used.
- XPS X -ray optical electron division of light
- AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROMETRY Auger Electronic Divide Light
- EDX Nelgium distributed X -ray spectroscope method
- SIMS can be suitably used. It is more preferable to use a plurality of analysis techniques for composition analysis. For example, it is more preferable to perform a combined analysis using both SIMS and XPS.
- the insulating layer 110 has a portion in contact with the semiconductor layer 108.
- an oxide or an oxynitride is used for at least a portion of the insulating layer 110 in contact with the semiconductor layer 108 in order to improve the interface characteristics between the semiconductor layer 108 and the insulating layer 110. It is preferable.
- oxide or oxynitride is preferably used in a portion of the insulating layer 110 that is in contact with the channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 108.
- the channel forming region is a high resistance region with low carrier concentration.
- the channel forming region can be said to be i-type (intrinsic) or substantially i-type.
- the insulating layer 110b preferably has a region with a higher oxygen content than at least one of the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c. In particular, it is preferable that the insulating layer 110b has a region with a higher oxygen content than each of the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c.
- the insulating layer 110b It is preferable to use one or more of the above-mentioned oxide insulating film and oxynitride insulating film for the insulating layer 110b. Specifically, it is preferable to use one or both of a silicon oxide film and a silicon oxynitride film for the insulating layer 110b. By increasing the oxygen content of the insulating layer 110b, it becomes easy to form an i-type region in a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 110b and in the vicinity thereof.
- the insulating layer 110b releases oxygen due to heat applied during the manufacturing process of the transistor 100, so that oxygen can be supplied to the semiconductor layer 108.
- oxygen vacancies V O
- V OH oxygen vacancies
- oxygen can be supplied to the insulating layer 110b by performing heat treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen or plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen.
- oxygen may be supplied by forming an oxide film on the upper surface of the insulating layer 110b in an oxygen atmosphere by a sputtering method. After that, the oxide film may be removed.
- the insulating layer 110b is preferably formed by a film forming method such as a sputtering method or a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method.
- a film forming method such as a sputtering method or a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) method.
- PECVD plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100 can be made extremely short.
- the influence of oxygen vacancies (V O ) and V O H in the channel forming region on the electrical characteristics and reliability becomes particularly large.
- increase in oxygen vacancies (V O ) and V OH can be suppressed at least in the region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 110b. Therefore, a transistor with a short channel length and good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be realized.
- a film in which oxygen is difficult to diffuse respectively, for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c.
- oxygen contained in the insulating layer 110b can be confined by sandwiching the insulating layer 110b above and below between the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c, in which oxygen is difficult to diffuse. Thereby, oxygen can be effectively supplied to the semiconductor layer 108.
- oxide insulating film it is preferable to use one or more of the aforementioned oxide insulating film, nitride insulating film, oxynitride insulating film, and nitride oxide insulating film for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c. It is preferable to use one or more of a silicon oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, an aluminum oxide film, an aluminum oxynitride film, an aluminum nitride film, a hafnium oxide film, and a hafnium aluminate film.
- the silicon nitride film and the silicon nitride oxide film each release a small amount of impurities (for example, water and hydrogen) from themselves, and have characteristics that make it difficult for oxygen and hydrogen to pass through. It can be suitably used for the layer 110c.
- the insulating layer 110b and the insulating layer 110c may be made of the same material or different materials.
- the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 112a, and the conductive layer 112b may be oxidized by the oxygen contained in the insulating layer 110b, resulting in an increase in electrical resistance.
- the insulating layer 110a between the insulating layer 110b and the conductive layer 112a oxidation of the conductive layer 112a and increase in electrical resistance can be suppressed.
- the insulating layer 110a between the insulating layer 110b and the conductive layer 103 oxidation of the conductive layer 103 and increase in electrical resistance can be suppressed.
- the insulating layer 110c between the insulating layer 110b and the conductive layer 112b, it is possible to suppress the conductive layer 112b from being oxidized and increasing the electrical resistance. At the same time, the amount of oxygen supplied from the insulating layer 110b to the semiconductor layer 108 increases, and oxygen vacancies in the semiconductor layer 108 can be reduced.
- the thickness of the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c is preferably 5 nm or more and 150 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or more and 100 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or more and 70 nm or less, further preferably 10 nm or more and 70 nm or less, and even more preferably 10 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- the following is preferable, and more preferably 20 nm or more and 50 nm or less.
- a silicon nitride film for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c it is preferable to use a silicon nitride film for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c, and to use a silicon oxynitride film for the insulating layer 110a.
- the insulating layer 110 may have a single layer structure, or may have a laminated structure of two layers, three layers, or five or more layers. It is preferable that the insulating layer 110 has at least an insulating layer 110b.
- Insulating layer 107 a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110 can be used.
- the insulating layer 107 in contact with the conductive layer 112a is preferably an insulating layer containing nitrogen.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c can be suitably used.
- silicon nitride can be suitably used for the insulating layer 107.
- the insulating layer 107 has a single-layer structure in this embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulating layer 107 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- Insulating layer 120 For the insulating layer 120, a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110 can be used.
- the insulating layer 120 in contact with the semiconductor layer 208 is preferably an insulating layer containing oxygen.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110b can be suitably used.
- silicon oxide or silicon oxynitride can be suitably used for the insulating layer 120.
- the insulating layer 120 has a single-layer structure in this embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulating layer 120 may have a laminated structure of two or more layers. Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which the insulating layer 120 is not provided.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, conductive layer 204, conductive layer 212a, conductive layer 212b may each have a single layer structure or a laminated structure of two or more layers. Good too.
- Examples of materials that can be used for the conductive layer 112a, conductive layer 112b, conductive layer 103, conductive layer 104, conductive layer 202, conductive layer 204, conductive layer 212a, and conductive layer 212b include chromium, copper, aluminum, and gold, respectively. , silver, zinc, tantalum, titanium, tungsten, manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt, molybdenum, ruthenium, and niobium, and alloys containing one or more of the aforementioned metals.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b each contain one or more of copper, silver, gold, and aluminum.
- a low-resistance conductive material including, for example, can be suitably used.
- copper or aluminum is preferable because it is excellent in mass productivity.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b each contain a metal oxide (also called an oxide conductor) having conductivity. ) can be used.
- oxide conductors include indium oxide, zinc oxide, In-Sn oxide (ITO), In-Zn oxide, In-W oxide, In-W-Zn oxide, In -Ti oxide, In-Ti-Sn oxide, In-Sn-Si oxide (ITO containing silicon, also referred to as ITSO), zinc oxide added with gallium, and In-Ga-Zn oxide.
- ITO In-Sn oxide
- ITO In-Zn oxide
- In-W oxide In-W-Zn oxide
- ITO containing silicon also referred to as ITSO
- zinc oxide added with gallium and In-Ga-Zn oxide.
- an oxide conductor When oxygen vacancies are formed in a metal oxide having semiconductor properties and hydrogen is added to the oxygen vacancies, a donor level is formed near the conduction band. As a result, the metal oxide becomes highly conductive and becomes a conductor. A metal oxide that has been made into a conductor can be called an oxide conductor.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b are each a conductive film containing the aforementioned oxide conductor (metal oxide). It may also have a laminated structure of a conductive film containing a metal or an alloy. By using a conductive film containing metal or an alloy, wiring resistance can be reduced.
- the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b are each made of a Cu-X alloy film (X is Mn, Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, Mo, Ta, or Ti) may also be applied.
- X is Mn, Ni, Cr, Fe, Co, Mo, Ta, or Ti
- the Cu-X alloy film it can be processed using a wet etching method, so manufacturing costs can be suppressed.
- the same material may be used for all of the conductive layer 112a, the conductive layer 112b, the conductive layer 103, the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 202, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b, or a different material may be used for at least one of the conductive layers. may also be used.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b each have a region in contact with the semiconductor layer 108.
- an oxide semiconductor for example, aluminum
- an insulating layer may be formed between the conductive layer 112a or 112b and the semiconductor layer 108. Oxides (eg, aluminum oxide) may form and prevent these conductions. Therefore, for the conductive layers 112a and 112b, it is preferable to use a conductive material that is not easily oxidized or a conductive material that maintains low electrical resistance even when oxidized.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b include, for example, titanium, tantalum nitride, titanium nitride, nitride containing titanium and aluminum, nitride containing tantalum and aluminum, ruthenium, ruthenium oxide, ruthenium nitride, strontium and ruthenium. It is preferable to use one or more of oxides containing lanthanum and nickel. These are preferable because they are conductive materials that are difficult to oxidize or whose electrical resistance remains low even when oxidized.
- the aforementioned oxide conductor can be used for the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b, respectively. Specifically, it includes indium oxide, zinc oxide, ITO, In-Zn oxide, In-W oxide, In-W-Zn oxide, In-Ti oxide, In-Ti-Sn oxide, and silicon. One or more of In-Sn oxide and gallium-doped zinc oxide can be used.
- a nitride conductor may be used for each of the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b.
- one or more of tantalum nitride and titanium nitride can be used.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 112b may each have a laminated structure.
- at least the side in contact with the semiconductor layer 108 is preferably made of a conductive material that is not easily oxidized or a conductive material that maintains low electrical resistance even when oxidized.
- the conductive layer 112a can have a stacked structure of an aluminum film and a titanium film on the aluminum film. The titanium film has a region in contact with the semiconductor layer 108.
- the conductive layer 112a can have a stacked structure of a first titanium film, an aluminum film on the first titanium film, and a second titanium film on the aluminum film. The second titanium film has a region in contact with the semiconductor layer 108.
- the insulating layer 106 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure of two or more layers.
- the insulating layer 106 preferably includes one or more inorganic insulating films.
- the inorganic insulating film include an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, and a nitride oxide insulating film.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110 can be used.
- the insulating layer 106 has a region in contact with the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- at least a film in contact with the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 among the films forming the insulating layer 106 includes the above-mentioned oxide insulating film and oxynitride insulating film. It is preferable to use either one. Further, it is more preferable to use a film that releases oxygen when heated for the insulating layer 106.
- the insulating layer 106 has a single layer structure, it is preferable to use a silicon oxide film or a silicon oxynitride film for the insulating layer 106.
- the insulating layer 106 has a laminated structure of an oxide insulating film or an oxynitride insulating film on the side in contact with the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, and a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film on the side in contact with the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204. It can be done.
- a silicon oxide film or a silicon oxynitride film is preferably used as the oxide insulating film or the oxynitride insulating film. It is preferable to use a silicon nitride film or a silicon nitride oxide film as the nitride insulating film or the nitride oxide insulating film.
- a silicon nitride film and a silicon nitride oxide film are suitable for use as the insulating layer 106 because they release only a small amount of impurities (for example, water and hydrogen) and have the characteristics that oxygen and hydrogen are difficult to permeate. can. Since diffusion of impurities from the insulating layer 106 to the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is suppressed, the electrical characteristics of the transistor can be improved and reliability can be improved.
- High-k materials that can be used for the insulating layer 106 include, for example, gallium oxide, hafnium oxide, zirconium oxide, oxides containing aluminum and hafnium, oxynitrides containing aluminum and hafnium, oxides containing silicon and hafnium, Examples include oxynitrides with silicon and hafnium, and nitrides with silicon and hafnium.
- the insulating layer 195 that functions as a protective layer for the transistors 100 and 200 is preferably made of a material in which impurities are difficult to diffuse. By providing the insulating layer 195, diffusion of impurities into the transistor from the outside can be effectively suppressed, and the reliability of the display device can be improved. Examples of impurities include water and hydrogen.
- the insulating layer 195 can be an insulating layer containing an inorganic material or an insulating layer containing an organic material.
- an inorganic material such as an oxide, an oxynitride, a nitride oxide, or a nitride can be suitably used. More specifically, one or more of silicon nitride, silicon nitride oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum oxide, aluminum oxynitride, aluminum nitride, hafnium oxide, and hafnium aluminate can be used.
- the organic material for example, one or more of acrylic resin and polyimide resin can be used. A photosensitive material may be used as the organic material. Further, two or more of the above-mentioned insulating films may be stacked and used.
- the insulating layer 195 may have a stacked structure of an insulating layer containing an inorganic material and an insulating layer containing an organic material.
- Substrate 102 There are no major restrictions on the material of the substrate 102, but it must have at least enough heat resistance to withstand subsequent heat treatment.
- a single crystal semiconductor substrate made of silicon or silicon carbide, a polycrystalline semiconductor substrate, a compound semiconductor substrate such as silicon germanium, an SOI substrate, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, a sapphire substrate, a ceramic substrate, or an organic resin substrate, It may also be used as the substrate 102.
- the substrate 102 may be provided with a semiconductor element. Note that the shapes of the semiconductor substrate and the insulating substrate may be circular or square.
- a flexible substrate may be used as the substrate 102, and the transistor 100 and the like may be formed directly on the flexible substrate.
- a peeling layer may be provided between the substrate 102 and the transistor 100 or the like. By providing a peeling layer, after partially or completely completing a semiconductor device thereon, it can be separated from the substrate 102 and transferred to another substrate. In this case, the transistor 100 and the like can be transferred to a substrate with poor heat resistance or a flexible substrate.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10A that is one embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10A includes a transistor 100A and a transistor 200A.
- the transistor 100A mainly differs from the transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1B and the like in that it does not include the insulating layer 120.
- the transistor 200A differs from the transistor 200 shown in FIG. 1B etc. mainly in that the insulating layer 120 has an island shape.
- island-like refers to a state in which two or more layers formed in the same process and using the same material are physically separated.
- the conductive layer 112b is provided in contact with the insulating layer 110 (here, the insulating layer 110c).
- the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the top surface of the conductive layer 112a, the side surfaces of the insulating layer 110, and the top surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b.
- FIG. 11A An enlarged view of the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A is shown in FIG. 11A.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 110 functions as a channel formation region.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100A is indicated by a dashed double-headed arrow.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100A is determined by the thickness Tins of the insulating layer in contact with the channel formation region (here, the sum of the thicknesses of the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110), and the thickness of the insulating layer on the opening 141 side in a cross-sectional view.
- the film thickness Tins and the angle ⁇ ins are each within the above-mentioned ranges.
- At least one of the region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the insulating layer 107, the region in contact with the insulating layer 110a, and the region in contact with the insulating layer 110c has a higher carrier concentration than the channel formation region and has a lower resistance. good. That is, a region in contact with the insulating layer 107, a region in contact with the insulating layer 110a, and a region in contact with the insulating layer 110c in the semiconductor layer 108 may each function as a source region or a drain region.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the insulating layer 110c can function as a source region or a drain region.
- impurities for example, water or hydrogen
- FIG. 11B shows a structure in which a region in contact with the insulating layer 107, a region in contact with the insulating layer 110a, and a region in contact with the insulating layer 110c each function as a source region or a drain region.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 110b functions as a channel formation region.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100A is determined by the thickness Tins of the insulating layer in contact with the channel formation region (in this case, the thickness of the insulating layer 110b), the side surface of the insulating layer 110b on the opening 141 side, and the formation surface ( Here, it is determined by the angle ⁇ ins formed by the upper surface of the insulating layer 110a.
- the film thickness Tins is preferably within the above-mentioned range.
- the angle ⁇ ins is preferably within the range of the angle ⁇ ins described above.
- the amount of impurity (for example, water or hydrogen) released may be different between the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110a, and the insulating layer 110c.
- a material that releases more impurities than the insulating layer 110a can be used for the insulating layer 107.
- the insulating layer 107 preferably releases hydrogen from itself due to heat applied during the process. Hydrogen is supplied from the insulating layer 107 to a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 107, and the electrical resistance of the region is reduced. This region (hereinafter also referred to as a low resistance region) can function as a source region or a drain region.
- the distance from the source region to the gate electrode and the distance from the drain region to the gate electrode can be made more uniform. Thereby, the electric field of the gate electrode applied to the channel formation region can be made more uniform.
- FIG. 12 shows a configuration in which a region in contact with the insulating layer 107 and a region in contact with the insulating layer 110c function as a source region or a drain region.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100A is determined by the film thickness Tins of the insulating layer in contact with the channel formation region (here, the sum of the film thicknesses of the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110b) and the opening 141 side of the insulating layer 110a in a cross-sectional view. It is determined by the angle ⁇ ins between the side surface and the surface to be formed (here, the upper surface of the insulating layer 107).
- the film thickness Tins is preferably within the above-mentioned range.
- the angle ⁇ ins is preferably within the range of the angle ⁇ ins described above.
- the amount of impurities released from the insulating layer 110a is small and that impurities are difficult to pass through. As a result, diffusion of impurities into the channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 108 and its vicinity through the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110b can be suppressed, and a transistor exhibiting good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be obtained. be able to.
- the insulating layer 107 has a region containing more hydrogen than the insulating layer 110a.
- SIMS secondary ion mass spectrometry
- the amount of hydrogen released can be adjusted by changing the film formation conditions for the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110a. Specifically, for the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110a, the deposition power (deposition power density) during formation, the deposition pressure, the type of deposition gas, the deposition gas flow rate ratio, the deposition temperature, and the substrate and electrode. Any one or more of the distances between the two may be made different from each other. For example, by making the film-forming power density of the insulating layer 110a lower than that of the insulating layer 107, the hydrogen content in the insulating layer 107 can be made higher than the hydrogen content in the insulating layer 110a. can do. Thereby, the amount of hydrogen released from the insulating layer 107 due to the heat applied to the insulating layer 107 can be increased.
- the film forming gas used to form the insulating layer 107 preferably has a higher hydrogen content than the film forming gas used to form the insulating layer 110a.
- the ratio of the flow rate of ammonia gas to the entire film formation gas used to form the insulating layer 107 (hereinafter also referred to as ammonia flow rate ratio) is the same as that of the insulating layer 110a. It is preferable that the flow rate ratio is higher than the ammonia flow rate ratio of the film forming gas used for formation.
- the film density of the insulating layer 110a is preferably higher than that of the insulating layer 107.
- the film density can be evaluated using, for example, Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) or X-Ray Reflection (XRR).
- the difference in film density may be evaluated using a cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image.
- TEM transmission electron microscopy
- the insulating layer 110a may appear darker (darker) than the insulating layer 107. Note that even when the same material is applied to the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110c, the film density is different, so in a cross-sectional TEM image, the boundary between these may be observed as a difference in contrast.
- the semiconductor layer 208 is provided on the insulating layer 120.
- the insulating layer 120 is preferably provided at least in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that is in contact with the channel formation region.
- the insulating layer 120 is preferably provided in a region where the semiconductor layer 208 is provided, and the entire lower surface of the semiconductor layer 208 is preferably in contact with the insulating layer 120. It can also be said that the end of the semiconductor layer 208 is in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 120. Note that the entire lower surface of the semiconductor layer 208 does not need to be in contact with the insulating layer 120. An end of the semiconductor layer 208 may be in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 110.
- the insulating layer 120 releases oxygen due to heat applied during the manufacturing process of the transistor 200, so that oxygen can be supplied to the semiconductor layer 208.
- oxygen can be supplied to the semiconductor layer 208.
- the conductive layer 112b may be oxidized by oxygen released from the insulating layer 120, and the electrical resistance of the conductive layer 112b may increase.
- FIGS. 13A and 13B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10B, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10B includes a transistor 100B and a transistor 200.
- the transistor 100B mainly differs from the transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1B and the like in that an insulating layer 120 is provided between the semiconductor layer 108 and the conductive layer 112b.
- FIG. 14A An enlarged view of the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 13A is shown in FIG. 14A.
- the insulating layer 120 is in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 110 (here, the insulating layer 110c) and the upper surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b.
- the opening 143 is provided in the conductive layer 112b and the insulating layer 120.
- a portion of the conductive film and the insulating film can be removed to provide the opening 143.
- the opening provided in the insulating layer 120 and the opening provided in the conductive layer 112b may be formed in separate steps.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that is in contact with the insulating layer 110 functions as a channel formation region.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100B is indicated by a dashed double-headed arrow.
- the channel length L100 of the transistor 100B is determined by the thickness Tins of the insulating layer in contact with the channel formation region (here, the thickness of the insulating layer 110), the side surface of the insulating layer 110 on the opening 141 side, and the thickness of the insulating layer 110 in cross-sectional view. It is determined by the angle ⁇ ins formed with the surface to be formed (here, the upper surface of the conductive layer 112a). It is preferable that the film thickness Tins and the angle ⁇ ins are each within the above-mentioned ranges.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the insulating layer 110c may function as a source region or a drain region.
- impurities for example, water or hydrogen
- a material that releases impurities for example, water or hydrogen is used for each of the insulating layer 107, the insulating layer 110a, and the insulating layer 110c, and a region in contact with the insulating layer 107, a region in contact with the insulating layer 110a, and the insulating layer
- the regions in contact with 110c may each function as a source region or a drain region.
- a region of the semiconductor layer 108 in contact with the insulating layer 110b functions as a channel formation region.
- transistor 200 the above description can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- FIGS. 15A and 15B A transistor 100C having a different configuration from the above-described transistor 100A will be described with reference to FIGS. 15A and 15B.
- 15A is a top view of the transistor 100C
- FIG. 15B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line B1-B2 shown in FIG. 15A.
- the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A can be referred to for a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- the transistor 100C differs from the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A etc. mainly in that the conductive layer 103 and the conductive layer 104 are electrically connected.
- an opening 146 reaching the conductive layer 103 is provided in the insulating layer 110 and the insulating layer 106.
- the conductive layer 104 is provided to cover the opening 146 and is electrically connected to the conductive layer 103 via the opening 146.
- the back gate electrode and the gate electrode can be made to have the same potential, and the on-current of the transistor 100C is reduced. It can be made larger.
- FIG. 16A is a top view of the transistor 100D
- FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 16A
- FIG. 16C is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line B1-B2 shown in FIG. 16A.
- FIG. 16A is a top view of the transistor 100D
- FIG. 16B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 16A
- FIG. 16C is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line B1-B2 shown in FIG. 16A.
- the transistor 100D differs from the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A etc. mainly in that the conductive layer 103 and the conductive layer 112a are electrically connected.
- the insulating layer 107 is provided with an opening 144 that reaches the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 103 is provided to cover the opening 144 and is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112a via the opening 144.
- the source or drain electrode and the gate electrode can be made to have the same potential.
- shift in the threshold voltage of the transistor 100D can be suppressed. Further, reliability of the transistor 100D can be improved.
- a configuration in which the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 103 are electrically connected is shown here, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- An opening reaching the conductive layer 103 may be formed in the insulating layer 110, and the conductive layer 112b may be provided to cover the opening.
- the conductive layer 112b functioning as a source electrode or a drain electrode and the conductive layer 103 functioning as a back gate electrode are electrically connected.
- FIGS. 17A and 17B A transistor 100E having a different configuration from the above-described transistor 100A will be described with reference to FIGS. 17A and 17B.
- 17A is a top view of the transistor 100E
- FIG. 17B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 17A.
- the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10B can be referred to for a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line B1-B2.
- the main difference between the transistor 100E and the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A and the like is that the transistor 100E includes a conductive layer 103a.
- the conductive layer 103a is provided on the insulating layer 107 and has a region overlapping with the conductive layer 112a.
- a material that can be used for the conductive layer 103 can be used.
- the conductive layer 103a can be formed, for example, in the same process as the conductive layer 103.
- the conductive layer 103 and the conductive layer 103a can be formed by forming a conductive film to be the conductive layer 103 and the conductive layer 103a, and processing the conductive film.
- the insulating layer 107 is provided with an opening 138 that reaches the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 103a is provided to cover the opening 138 and is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112a through the opening 138.
- the conductive layer 103a functions as an auxiliary wiring for the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 103a is preferably made of a material having higher conductivity than the conductive layer 112a. This lowers the electrical resistance of the conductive layer 103a, allowing it to function effectively as an auxiliary wiring for the conductive layer 112a.
- the conductive layer 103a for example, one or more of copper, aluminum, titanium, tungsten, and molybdenum, or an alloy containing one or more of the above-mentioned metals can be suitably used. Note that when the conductive layer 103a is formed in the same process as the conductive layer 103, a material having higher conductivity than the conductive layer 112a is used for the conductive layer 103 as well.
- FIGS. 18A and 18B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10C, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B.
- FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 18B is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10F includes a transistor 100F and a transistor 200B.
- the semiconductor device 10C mainly differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A and the like in that it does not include the insulating layer 107.
- the main difference between the transistor 100F and the above-described transistor 100A is that the transistor 100F does not include the insulating layer 107 between the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 103.
- the conductive layer 103 is provided in contact with the conductive layer 112a.
- the insulating layer 110 is provided to cover the top surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 103 and the top surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112a.
- the insulating layer 110 is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 202.
- a second conductive film that becomes the conductive layer 103 is formed.
- the conductive layer 103 can be formed by forming a conductive film and processing the second conductive film.
- the conductive layer 103 is formed by processing the second conductive film. Then, the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 103 can be formed by processing the first conductive film.
- One or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method can be used to process the first conductive film and the second conductive film, respectively. It is preferable that different materials be used for the first conductive film and the second conductive film. Furthermore, in processing the second conductive film, it is preferable to use a material with a high selectivity for the first conductive film. Thereby, during processing of the second conductive film, the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202 or the first conductive film can be prevented from becoming thinner.
- the method for processing the first conductive film and the method for processing the second conductive film may be different. For example, a wet etching method can be used to process the first conductive film, and a dry etching method can be used to process the second conductive film. Note that the same processing method may be used for these processings, but the processing conditions may be different.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10D, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B.
- FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 19B is a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10D includes a transistor 100A and a transistor 200C.
- the semiconductor device 10D mainly differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A and the like in that a conductive layer 202 is provided between the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110a.
- transistor 100A the above description can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- a conductive layer 202 is provided on the insulating layer 107.
- the same material as the conductive layer 103 can be used for the conductive layer 202.
- the conductive layer 202 can be formed in the same process as the conductive layer 103.
- the insulating layer 110a is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 202.
- the conductive layer 202 For example, if a material with higher conductivity than the conductive layer 112a is used for the conductive layer 103, by forming the conductive layer 202 in the same process as the conductive layer 103, a material with higher conductivity will also be used for the conductive layer 202. , the electrical resistance of the conductive layer 202 can be reduced. Further, in the transistor 200C, part of the insulating layer 110a, the insulating layer 110b, the insulating layer 110c, and the insulating layer 120 function as a back gate insulating layer.
- the thickness of the back gate insulating layer can be made thinner than when the conductive layer 202 is provided between the substrate 102 and the insulating layer 107. can. Thereby, the electric field of the back gate electrode can be strengthened. Further, saturation in the Id-Vd characteristics of the transistor 200C can be improved. Further, by suppressing the threshold voltage from shifting, the transistor 200C can have a small cutoff current.
- FIG. 20A A top view of a semiconductor device 10E, which is one embodiment of the present invention, is shown in FIG. 20A.
- FIG. 20B shows a cross-sectional view of the cut plane taken along dashed-dot line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 20A
- FIG. 20C shows a cross-sectional view of the cut plane taken along dashed-dot line B1-B2 and dash-dotted line B3-B4.
- the semiconductor device 10E includes a transistor 100G and a transistor 200D.
- the semiconductor device 10E mainly differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A and the like in that the semiconductor device 10E includes an insulating layer 106a and an insulating layer 106b instead of the insulating layer 106.
- the transistor 100G has an insulating layer 106a between the conductive layer 104 and the semiconductor layer 108.
- the insulating layer 106a functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 100G.
- the insulating layer 106a is provided at least in a region where the conductive layer 104 and the semiconductor layer 108 overlap.
- the insulating layer 106a may cover the end of the semiconductor layer 108. Furthermore, the ends of the conductive layer 112b may be covered. Specifically, the insulating layer 106a is in contact with the top surface and side surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 and the top surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b. An end of the insulating layer 106a is in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 110.
- the transistor 200D has an insulating layer 106b between the conductive layer 204 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the insulating layer 106b functions as a gate insulating layer of the transistor 200D.
- the insulating layer 106b is provided at least in a region where the conductive layer 204 and the semiconductor layer 208 overlap. It is preferable that the end of the conductive layer 204 be in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 106b.
- the insulating layer 106b can be formed in the same process as the insulating layer 106a.
- the insulating layer 106a and the insulating layer 106b can be formed by forming an insulating film to be the insulating layer 106a and the insulating layer 106b, and processing the conductive film.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 106 can be used.
- FIG. 21A A top view of a semiconductor device 10F, which is one embodiment of the present invention, is shown in FIG. 21A.
- FIG. 21B shows a cross-sectional view of the cut plane taken along dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 21A
- FIG. 21C shows cross-sectional views of the cut plane taken along dashed-dotted line B1-B2 and dashed-dotted line B3-B4.
- the semiconductor device 10F includes a transistor 100H and a transistor 200E.
- the semiconductor device 10F differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A etc. mainly in that the configurations of a conductive layer 212a and a conductive layer 212b are different.
- the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b are provided to cover the openings 147a and 147b provided in the insulating layer 106 and the insulating layer 195.
- the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b are formed in a different process from the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204.
- the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b may be made of the same material as the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204, or may be made of a different material.
- the conductive layer 204 is formed on the insulating layer 106
- the insulating layer 195 is formed on the conductive layer 204
- the openings 147a and 147b are formed in the insulating layer 106 and the insulating layer 195
- the openings 147a and 147b are covered.
- the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b can be formed in this manner.
- a region 208D is provided in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 204.
- the region 208D can be formed by adding an impurity element to the semiconductor layer 208 using the conductive layer 204 as a mask.
- the impurity element is added to a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 204 via the insulating layer 106.
- the opening 147a and the opening 147b are provided in a region overlapping the region 208D, and the conductive layer 212a and the conductive layer 212b are in contact with the region 208D at the opening 147a and the opening 147b.
- the upper surface shapes of the openings 147a and 147b are not particularly limited.
- the impurity element may be supplied to the semiconductor layer 108 through the insulating layer 106 using the conductive layer 104 as a mask. As a result, a region 108D is formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 104.
- FIGS. 22A and 22B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10G, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 22A and 22B.
- FIG. 1A For a top view of the semiconductor device 10G, refer to FIG. 1A.
- 22A is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 22B is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10G includes a transistor 100J and a transistor 200F.
- the semiconductor device 10G differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A etc. mainly in that the insulating layer 106 has a stacked structure.
- the insulating layer 106 includes an insulating layer 106a and an insulating layer 106b on the insulating layer 106a.
- the insulating layer 106a and the insulating layer 106b can each use a material that can be used for the above-described insulating layer 106.
- an aluminum oxide film for the insulating layer 106a.
- methods for forming the aluminum oxide film include an ALD method, a sputtering method using an aluminum oxide target, and a reactive sputtering method using an aluminum target. It is preferable to use the ALD method because a dense film with few cracks and pinholes can be formed. It is preferable to use the sputtering method because it has high productivity.
- an aluminum oxide film may be formed by forming an aluminum film with a thickness of 0.1 nm or more and 5 nm or less, and then oxidizing the aluminum film.
- aluminum can exist at the interface between the insulating layer 106 and the semiconductor layer 108, at the interface between the insulating layer 106 and the semiconductor layer 208, and in the vicinity thereof. Specifically, aluminum may exist at and near the interface between the insulating layer 106 and the semiconductor layer 108, and at and near the interface between the insulating layer 106 and the semiconductor layer 208. Further, aluminum may enter into the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 when IGZO is used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, aluminum enters the surface of the IGZO and the vicinity of the surface, so that a part of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may contain IGZAO.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 appear to have a laminated structure of IGZO and IGZAO, and the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 have a wider band gap than the IGZO single layer structure, or in other words, a wide gap. Become. By widening the band gaps of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, the off-state current of the transistor can be reduced.
- a silicon oxynitride film for the insulating layer 106b.
- the silicon oxynitride film can be formed by, for example, a PECVD method.
- the insulating layer 106 has a two-layer stacked structure is shown here, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulating layer 106 may have a stacked structure of three or more layers.
- the insulating layer 106 can have a three-layer structure including the above-described insulating layer 106a and insulating layer 106b, and an insulating layer on the insulating layer 106b. It is preferable to use a material in which the metal element contained in the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204 is difficult to diffuse as the insulating layer. Thereby, the metal element contained in the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204 can be suppressed from diffusing into the channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 and the vicinity thereof.
- the insulating layer for example, a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film can be suitably used.
- the insulating layer 106 can have a three-layer structure in which an aluminum oxide film, a silicon oxynitride film, and a silicon nitride film are stacked in this order.
- FIGS. 23A and 23B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10H, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B.
- FIG. 1A is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dotted line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 23B is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10H includes a transistor 100K and a transistor 200G.
- the semiconductor device 10H mainly differs from the semiconductor device 10B shown in FIG. 13A and the like in that a conductive layer 202 is provided between an insulating layer 110 and an insulating layer 120.
- a conductive layer 202 is provided on the insulating layer 110.
- the same material as the conductive layer 112b can be used for the conductive layer 202.
- the conductive layer 202 can be formed in the same process as the conductive layer 112b.
- the insulating layer 120 is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 202.
- a semiconductor layer 208 is provided on the insulating layer 120.
- a part of the insulating layer 120 functions as a back gate insulating layer.
- the thickness of the back gate insulating layer of the transistor 200G can be reduced. Thereby, the electric field of the back gate electrode can be strengthened. Further, saturation in the Id-Vd characteristics of the transistor 200G can be improved. Furthermore, by suppressing the threshold voltage from shifting, the transistor 200G can have a small cutoff current.
- the insulating layer 120 has a laminated structure.
- 23A and 23B show an example in which the insulating layer 120 has a stacked structure of an insulating layer 120a and an insulating layer 120b on the insulating layer 120a.
- the insulating layer 120a provided in contact with the conductive layer 202 and the conductive layer 112b is preferably made of a material in which the metal elements contained in the conductive layer 202 and the conductive layer 112b are difficult to diffuse. Thereby, the metal element contained in the conductive layer 202 and the conductive layer 112b can be suppressed from diffusing into the channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 and the vicinity thereof.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110a and the insulating layer 110c can be suitably used.
- silicon nitride can be suitably used for the insulating layer 120a.
- the insulating layer 120b having a region in contact with the channel formation region of the semiconductor layer 208 is preferably an insulating layer containing oxygen.
- a material that can be used for the insulating layer 110b can be suitably used.
- silicon oxide or silicon oxynitride can be suitably used for the insulating layer 120b.
- the insulating layer 120a is provided to cover the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b. Insulating layer 120b is provided on insulating layer 120a. Note that a structure may be adopted in which part of the insulating layer 120b is removed so that the semiconductor layer 108 does not come into contact with the insulating layer 120b. In this case, the end of the semiconductor layer 108 is in contact with the upper surface of the insulating layer 120a. Alternatively, a structure may be adopted in which part of the insulating layer 120 is removed so that the semiconductor layer 108 does not come into contact with the insulating layer 120.
- the insulating layer 120 has a two-layer stacked structure in this embodiment, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- the insulating layer 120 may have a laminated structure of three or more layers, or may have a single layer structure.
- FIGS. 24A and 24B Cross-sectional views of a semiconductor device 10J, which is one embodiment of the present invention, are shown in FIGS. 24A and 24B.
- FIG. 1A For a top view of the semiconductor device 10J, refer to FIG. 1A.
- 24A is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line A1-A2 shown in FIG. 1A
- FIG. 24B is a sectional view taken along the dashed-dot line B1-B2 and the dashed-dotted line B3-B4 shown in FIG. 1A.
- the semiconductor device 10J includes a transistor 100A and a transistor 200H.
- the semiconductor device 10J mainly differs from the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A and the like in that the semiconductor layer 108 of the transistor 100A and the semiconductor layer 208 of the transistor 200H are made of different materials.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 are given different hatching patterns.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 are formed in different steps.
- semiconductor layer 208 can be formed after semiconductor layer 108 is formed.
- the semiconductor layer 108 may be formed after the semiconductor layer 208 is formed.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may be formed using the same material in different steps.
- the electrical characteristics and reliability of the transistor vary depending on the material applied to the semiconductor layer.
- the indium content of the first metal oxide is lower than the indium content of the second metal oxide.
- the content can be higher than the content of Thereby, the on-state current of the transistor 100A can be increased.
- saturation in the Id-Vd characteristics of the transistor 200H can be increased.
- the first metal oxide is an In-Ga-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 4:2:3 or its vicinity
- the second metal oxide is an In-Ga-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 1. :1:1 or a nearby In-Ga-Zn oxide can be used.
- an In-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 1:1 or around 1:1 is used as the first metal oxide
- an In-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 1:1:1 or around 1:1 is used as the second metal oxide.
- In-Ga-Zn oxide can be used.
- an In-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 4:1 or around 4:1 is used as the first metal oxide, and an In-Zn oxide with an atomic ratio of 1:1:1 or around 1:1:1 is used as the second metal oxide.
- In-Ga-Zn oxide can be used.
- the transistor 100A can be suitably used in a driver circuit that requires a large on-current (for example, one or both of a gate line driver circuit and a source line driver circuit). can.
- the transistor 200H can be suitably used in a pixel circuit that requires high saturation.
- a transistor hereinafter also referred to as a drive transistor
- the transistor 200H can be suitably used as the drive transistor.
- the indium content of the second metal oxide may be higher than the indium content of the first metal oxide. Thereby, the on-state current of the transistor 200H can be increased. The saturation of the Id-Vd characteristic of the transistor 100A can be improved.
- the difference in indium content between the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be confirmed by, for example, EDX.
- EDX allows calculation of the ratio of the number of atoms for each element constituting the metal oxide. By comparing the ratio (content rate) of the number of indium atoms to the calculated sum of the numbers of atoms of all metal elements between the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, the difference in the content rate of indium can be confirmed. Furthermore, in EDX, the count number (detected value) of characteristic X-rays corresponds to the proportion of elements constituting the metal oxide. Therefore, the difference in the indium content can be confirmed by the height of the indium peak in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the count number of characteristic X-rays originating from the indium of the semiconductor layer 208 is equal to the characteristic It will be higher than the count number of the line.
- the peak of a certain element refers to the point where the count number of the element reaches a maximum value in the spectrum where the horizontal axis shows the energy of the characteristic X-ray and the vertical axis shows the count number of the characteristic X-ray.
- the difference in content may be confirmed using the count number at the energy of characteristic X-rays unique to the element. For example, for indium, the count number at 3.287 keV (In-L ⁇ ) can be used.
- the content rate of indium has been explained here as an example, the same applies to the content rate of other elements.
- the count number at 9.243 keV can be used for gallium
- the count number at 9.243 keV can be used for zinc
- Counts at .632 keV can be used.
- the transistors 100 to 100K include the conductive layer 103
- the conductive layer 103 may not be provided.
- the transistors 200 to 200H include the conductive layer 202, one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.
- a structure in which the conductive layer 202 is not provided may also be used.
- Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 25 to 34. Note that regarding the materials and forming methods of each element, descriptions of the same parts as those previously described in Embodiment 1 may be omitted.
- Thin films (insulating films, semiconductor films, conductive films, etc.) constituting semiconductor devices can be formed using sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), vacuum evaporation, and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). ) method, ALD method, or the like.
- the CVD method includes a PECVD method, a thermal CVD method, and the like.
- one of the thermal CVD methods is a metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) method.
- Thin films (insulating films, semiconductor films, conductive films, etc.) that make up semiconductor devices can be manufactured using spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, inkjet, dispensing, screen printing, offset printing, doctor knife method, slit coating, roll coating, and curtain coating. It can be formed by a wet film forming method such as coating or knife coating.
- a photolithography method or the like can be used when processing the thin film that constitutes the semiconductor device.
- the thin film may be processed by a nanoimprint method, a sandblasting method, a lift-off method, or the like.
- an island-shaped thin film may be directly formed by a film forming method using a shielding mask such as a metal mask.
- One method is to form a resist mask on a thin film to be processed, process the thin film by etching or the like, and then remove the resist mask.
- the other method is to form a photosensitive thin film and then process the thin film into a desired shape by exposing and developing the film.
- the light used for exposure can be, for example, i-line (wavelength: 365 nm), g-line (wavelength: 436 nm), h-line (wavelength: 405 nm), or a mixture of these.
- ultraviolet rays, KrF laser light, ArF laser light, etc. can also be used.
- exposure may be performed using immersion exposure technology.
- extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light or X-rays may be used.
- an electron beam can be used instead of the light used for exposure. It is preferable to use extreme ultraviolet light, X-rays, or electron beams because extremely fine processing becomes possible. Note that when exposure is performed by scanning a beam such as an electron beam, a photomask is not necessary.
- a dry etching method, wet etching method, sandblasting method, etc. can be used for etching the thin film.
- ⁇ Production method example 1> In the following, a manufacturing method will be described using the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A and the like as an example.
- FIGS. 25A to 28C is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10A. Each figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202 are formed on the substrate 102, the insulating film 107f that becomes the insulating layer 107 is formed on the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202, and the conductive layer 103 is formed on the insulating film 107f. ( Figure 25A).
- the conductive layer 103 is provided with an opening 148 that reaches the insulating film 107f.
- a sputtering method can be suitably used to form the conductive films that will become the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202, and the conductive film that will become the conductive layer 103.
- a conductive layer can be formed by forming a resist mask on a conductive film by a photolithography process and then processing the conductive film.
- a wet etching method and a dry etching method can be used for processing the conductive film.
- either the step of processing the conductive film that will become the conductive layer 103 into a desired shape such as an island shape or the step of providing the opening 148 may be performed first, or these steps may be performed simultaneously. You can do both at the same time.
- the thickness of the region overlapping with the opening 148 may be thinner than the thickness of the region overlapping with the conductive layer 103 (FIG. 7A).
- the insulating film 107f may be processed at the time of processing the conductive film that will become the conductive layer 103, and the insulating layer 107 shown in FIG. 7B may be formed.
- a sputtering method or a PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 107f.
- the substrate temperature during formation of the insulating film 107f is preferably 180°C or more and 450°C or less, more preferably 200°C or more and 450°C or less, further preferably 250°C or more and 450°C or less, and even more preferably 300°C or more and 450°C or less. is preferable, more preferably 300°C or more and 400°C or less, and even more preferably 350°C or more and 400°C or less.
- an insulating film 110af that becomes the insulating layer 110a and an insulating film 110bf that becomes the insulating layer 110b are formed on the conductive layer 103 and the insulating film 107f (FIG. 25B).
- a sputtering method or a PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 110af and the insulating film 110bf.
- a sputtering method or a PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 110af and the insulating film 110bf.
- attachment of impurities derived from the atmosphere to the surface of the insulating film 110af can be suppressed. Examples of such impurities include water and organic substances.
- the substrate temperature during the formation of the insulating film 110af and the insulating film 110bf is preferably 180° C. or more and 450° C. or less, more preferably 200° C. or more and 450° C. or less, further preferably 250° C. or more and 450° C. or less, and even more preferably 300° C. or more and 450° C. or less. It is preferably 300°C or more and 450°C or less, more preferably 300°C or more and 400°C or less, and even more preferably 350°C or more and 400°C or less.
- the substrate temperature at the time of forming the insulating film 110af and the insulating film 110bf within the above-mentioned range, it is possible to reduce the release of impurities (for example, water and hydrogen) from themselves, and the impurities are diffused into the semiconductor layer 108. can be suppressed. Therefore, a transistor exhibiting good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be obtained.
- impurities for example, water and hydrogen
- oxygen may be supplied to the insulating film 110bf.
- a method for supplying oxygen for example, an ion implantation method, an ion doping method, a plasma immersion ion implantation method, or a plasma treatment can be used.
- the plasma treatment an apparatus that turns oxygen gas into plasma using high-frequency power can be suitably used. Examples of devices that turn gas into plasma using high-frequency power include PECVD devices, plasma etching devices, and plasma ashing devices.
- the plasma treatment is preferably performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen. For example, it is preferable to perform the plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing one or more of oxygen, dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.
- the plasma treatment may be performed continuously in a vacuum without exposing the surface of the insulating film 110bf to the atmosphere.
- a PECVD apparatus is used to form the insulating film 110bf, it is preferable to perform the plasma treatment using the PECVD apparatus. Thereby, productivity can be increased.
- a metal oxide layer 180 on the insulating film 110bf (FIG. 25C).
- oxygen can be supplied to the insulating film 110bf.
- the conductivity of the metal oxide layer 180 does not matter.
- the metal oxide layer 180 at least one of an insulating film, a semiconductor film, and a conductive film can be used.
- the metal oxide layer 180 for example, aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, hafnium aluminate, indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO), or silicon-containing indium tin oxide (ITSO) can be used.
- the metal oxide layer 180 it is preferable to use an oxide material containing one or more of the same elements as the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208. In particular, it is preferable to use an oxide semiconductor material that can be used for the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the oxygen flow rate ratio or oxygen partial pressure is, for example, 50% or more and 100% or less, preferably 65% or more and 100% or less, more preferably 80% or more and 100% or less, and still more preferably 90% or more and 100% or less. In particular, it is preferable that the oxygen flow rate ratio be 100% and the oxygen partial pressure as close to 100% as possible.
- oxygen is supplied to the insulating film 110bf and oxygen is desorbed from the insulating film 110bf when forming the metal oxide layer 180.
- oxygen is supplied to the insulating film 110bf and oxygen is desorbed from the insulating film 110bf when forming the metal oxide layer 180.
- a large amount of oxygen can be confined in the insulating film 110bf.
- a large amount of oxygen can be supplied to the semiconductor layer 108 through later heat treatment.
- oxygen vacancies and V OH in the semiconductor layer 108 can be reduced, and a transistor with good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be obtained.
- heat treatment may be performed. By performing heat treatment after forming the metal oxide layer 180, oxygen can be effectively supplied from the metal oxide layer 180 to the insulating film 110bf.
- the temperature of the heat treatment is preferably 150°C or higher and lower than the strain point of the substrate, more preferably 200°C or higher and 450°C or lower, further preferably 250°C or higher and 450°C or lower, and even more preferably 300°C or higher and 450°C or lower. Further, the temperature is preferably 300°C or more and 400°C or less, and even more preferably 350°C or more and 400°C or less.
- the heat treatment can be performed in an atmosphere containing one or more of noble gases, nitrogen, or oxygen. Dry air (CDA: Clean Dry Air) may be used as the atmosphere containing nitrogen or the atmosphere containing oxygen. Note that it is preferable that the content of hydrogen, water, etc. in the atmosphere is as low as possible.
- the atmosphere it is preferable to use a high-purity gas having a dew point of -60°C or lower, preferably -100°C or lower.
- a high-purity gas having a dew point of -60°C or lower, preferably -100°C or lower.
- oxygen may be further supplied to the insulating film 110bf via the metal oxide layer 180.
- a method for supplying oxygen for example, an ion implantation method, an ion doping method, a plasma immersion ion implantation method, or a plasma treatment can be used.
- the plasma treatment the above description can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- the metal oxide layer 180 is removed.
- a wet etching method can be suitably used. By using the wet etching method, it is possible to suppress etching of the insulating film 110bf when removing the metal oxide layer 180. Thereby, the thickness of the insulating film 110bf can be suppressed from becoming thinner, and the thickness of the insulating layer 110a can be made uniform.
- the process for supplying oxygen to the insulating film 110bf is not limited to the above-mentioned method.
- oxygen radicals, oxygen atoms, oxygen atom ions, oxygen molecular ions, etc. are supplied to the insulating film 110bf by ion doping, ion implantation, plasma treatment, or the like.
- oxygen may be supplied to the insulating film 110bf through the film.
- the film is removed after supplying oxygen.
- a conductive film or a semiconductor film containing one or more of indium, zinc, gallium, tin, aluminum, chromium, tantalum, titanium, molybdenum, nickel, iron, cobalt, or tungsten is used as the film for suppressing the above-mentioned oxygen desorption. be able to.
- an insulating film 110cf that becomes the insulating layer 110c and an insulating film 120f that becomes the insulating layer 120 are formed on the insulating film 110bf (FIG. 25D).
- a laminated structure of the insulating film 107f, the insulating film 110af, the insulating film 110bf, and the insulating film 110cf is formed on the conductive layer 112a and the conductive layer 202.
- a sputtering method or a PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 110cf and the insulating film 120f.
- a sputtering method or a PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 110cf and the insulating film 120f.
- attachment of impurities derived from the atmosphere to the surface of the insulating film 110af can be suppressed. Examples of such impurities include water and organic substances.
- the insulating film 120f is processed to form the insulating layer 120 (FIG. 25E).
- the insulating layer 120 is provided in a region where the semiconductor layer 208 is provided.
- the insulating layer 120 can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method. In particular, a dry etching method can be suitably used.
- a conductive film 112bf which becomes the conductive layer 112b, is formed on the insulating film 110cf and the insulating layer 120 (FIG. 26A).
- a sputtering method can be suitably used to form the conductive film 112bf.
- the conductive film 112bf is processed to form a conductive layer 112B (FIG. 26B).
- the conductive layer 112B will later become the conductive layer 112b.
- a wet etching method can be suitably used to form the conductive layer 112B.
- a portion of the conductive layer 112B is removed to form a conductive layer 112b having an opening 143.
- the opening 143 is provided in a region overlapping with the opening 148.
- the conductive layer 112b can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method. In particular, a wet etching method can be suitably used.
- the opening 141 is provided in a region overlapping with the opening 143. Further, the opening 141 is provided in a region overlapping with the opening 148, and the formation of the opening 141 exposes the conductive layer 112a.
- the insulating layer 110 can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method. In particular, a dry etching method can be suitably used.
- the opening 141 can be formed using, for example, the resist mask used to form the opening 143. Specifically, a resist mask is formed on the conductive layer 112B, a part of the conductive layer 112B is removed using the resist mask to form an opening 143, and the insulating film 107f and the insulating film are removed using the resist mask.
- the opening 141 can be formed by removing a portion of the insulating film 110af, the insulating film 110bf, and the insulating film 110cf.
- the opening 143 may be formed using a resist mask different from the resist mask used to form the opening 141.
- the opening 141 when forming the opening 141 or after forming the opening 141, a part of the conductive layer 112a in a region overlapping with the opening 141 may be removed.
- the thickness of the region of the conductive layer 112a in contact with the lower surface of the semiconductor layer 108 thinner than the thickness of the region not in contact with the semiconductor layer 108, the electric field of the gate electrode applied to the channel formation region near the conductive layer 112a is strengthened. Therefore, the on-state current of the transistor can be increased.
- a metal oxide film 108f that will become the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is formed so as to cover the opening 141 and the opening 143 (FIG. 26D).
- the metal oxide film 108f is provided in contact with the top surface and side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b, the top surface and side surfaces of the insulating layer 120, the top surface and side surfaces of the insulating layer 110, and the top surface of the conductive layer 112a.
- the metal oxide film 108f is preferably formed by a sputtering method using a metal oxide target.
- the metal oxide film 108f is preferably formed by an ALD method.
- the metal oxide film 108f is preferably a dense film with as few defects as possible. Further, it is preferable that the metal oxide film 108f is a highly pure film in which impurities containing hydrogen elements are reduced as much as possible. In particular, it is preferable to use a crystalline metal oxide film as the metal oxide film 108f.
- oxygen gas when forming the metal oxide film 108f.
- oxygen gas when forming the metal oxide film 108f oxygen can be suitably supplied into the insulating layer 110 and the insulating layer 120.
- oxygen can be suitably supplied into the insulating layer 110b.
- oxygen vacancies and V O H in the semiconductor layer 108 can be reduced.
- oxygen vacancies and V O H in the semiconductor layer 208 can be reduced.
- oxygen gas and an inert gas for example, helium gas, argon gas, xenon gas, etc.
- an inert gas for example, helium gas, argon gas, xenon gas, etc.
- the lower the oxygen flow rate ratio or the oxygen partial pressure the lower the crystallinity of the metal oxide film, and the transistor can have a larger on-current.
- a stacked structure of two or more metal oxide layers having different crystallinity can be formed.
- the substrate temperature during formation of the metal oxide film 108f is preferably from room temperature to 250°C, more preferably from room temperature to 200°C, and even more preferably from room temperature to 140°C.
- a film forming method such as a thermal ALD method or PEALD (Plasma Enhanced ALD).
- the thermal ALD method is preferable because it shows extremely high step coverage.
- the PEALD method is preferable because it shows high step coverage and also enables low-temperature film formation.
- the metal oxide film can be formed, for example, by an ALD method using a precursor containing a constituent metal element and an oxidizing agent.
- three precursors can be used: a precursor containing indium, a precursor containing gallium, and a precursor containing zinc.
- a precursor containing indium a precursor containing gallium
- a precursor containing zinc a precursor containing zinc
- two precursors may be used, one containing indium and the other containing gallium and zinc.
- precursors containing indium include triethyl indium, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedioic acid) indium, cyclopentadienyl indium, indium (III) chloride, and (3 -(dimethylamino)propyl)dimethylindium.
- precursors containing gallium include trimethyl gallium, triethyl gallium, gallium trichloride, tris(dimethylamide) gallium(III), gallium(III) acetylacetonate, tris(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3 , 5-heptanedioate), dimethylchlorogallium, and diethylchlorogallium.
- precursors containing zinc include dimethylzinc, diethylzinc, bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedioic acid)zinc, and zinc chloride.
- oxidizing agent examples include ozone, oxygen, and water.
- one or more of the type of source gas, the flow rate ratio of the source gas, the time for flowing the source gas, and the order of flowing the source gas may be adjusted. By adjusting these, it is also possible to form a film whose composition changes continuously. Furthermore, it becomes possible to successively form films having different compositions.
- the semiconductor layer 108 has a layered structure, after the first metal oxide film is formed, the next metal oxide film is formed continuously without exposing the surface to the atmosphere. It is preferable.
- the heat treatment can be performed at a temperature of 70° C. or higher and 200° C. or lower in a reduced pressure atmosphere.
- plasma treatment may be performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen.
- oxygen may be supplied to the insulating layer 110 by plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing an oxidizing gas such as dinitrogen monoxide (N 2 O).
- oxygen can be supplied while suitably removing organic substances on the surface of the insulating layer 110. After such treatment, it is preferable to continuously form the metal oxide film 108f without exposing the surface of the insulating layer 110 to the atmosphere.
- the metal oxide film 108f is processed into an island shape to form the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 (FIG. 27A).
- a wet etching method and a dry etching method can be used.
- a wet etching method is preferable.
- a portion of the conductive layer 112b in a region that does not overlap with the semiconductor layer 108 may be etched and become thinner.
- a portion of the insulating layer 110 in a region that does not overlap with both the semiconductor layer 108 and the conductive layer 112b may be etched and the film thickness may become thinner.
- the insulating layer 110c of the insulating layer 110 may be removed by etching, and the surface of the insulating layer 110b may be exposed. Note that in etching the metal oxide film 108f, by using a material with a high selectivity for the insulating layer 110c, it is possible to suppress the film thickness of the insulating layer 110c from becoming thin.
- oxygen can also be supplied from the insulating layer 110b and the insulating layer 120 to the metal oxide film 108f or the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the area of the region where the insulating layer 120 and the metal oxide film 108f are in contact can be increased, and oxygen can be effectively supplied from the insulating layer 120 to the metal oxide film 108f.
- the above description can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- the heat treatment does not need to be performed. Further, the heat treatment may not be performed here, but may also serve as the heat treatment performed in a later step. Further, a treatment at a high temperature in a later step (for example, a film formation step) may also serve as the heat treatment.
- an insulating film 106f that will become the insulating layer 106 is formed to cover the semiconductor layer 108, the semiconductor layer 208, the conductive layer 112b, the insulating layer 120, and the insulating layer 110 (FIG. 27B).
- a PECVD method or an ALD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 106f.
- the insulating layer 106 When an oxide semiconductor is used for the semiconductor layer 108, the insulating layer 106 preferably functions as a barrier film that suppresses diffusion of oxygen. Since the insulating layer 106 has a function of suppressing oxygen diffusion, oxygen is suppressed from diffusing into the conductive layer 104 from above the insulating layer 106, and oxidation of the conductive layer 104 can be suppressed. As a result, a transistor exhibiting good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be obtained.
- barrier film refers to a film that has barrier properties.
- an insulating layer having barrier properties can be called a barrier insulating layer.
- barrier property refers to one of the functions of suppressing the diffusion of the corresponding substance (also referred to as low permeability) and the function of capturing or fixing the corresponding substance (also referred to as gettering). or both.
- the insulating layer can have fewer defects. However, if the temperature during formation of the insulating film 106f is high, oxygen may be desorbed from the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, and oxygen vacancies and V O H in the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may increase. .
- the substrate temperature during formation of the insulating film 106f is preferably 180°C or more and 450°C or less, more preferably 200°C or more and 450°C or less, further preferably 250°C or more and 450°C or less, and even more preferably 300°C or more and 450°C or less.
- the substrate temperature during formation of the insulating film 106f is preferable, and more preferably 300°C or more and 400°C or less.
- plasma treatment may be performed on the surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- impurities such as water adsorbed on the surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be reduced. Therefore, impurities at the interface between the semiconductor layer 108 and the insulating layer 106 and the interface between the semiconductor layer 208 and the insulating layer 106 can be reduced, and a highly reliable transistor can be realized. This is particularly suitable when the surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 are exposed to the atmosphere between the formation of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 and the formation of the insulating layer 106.
- Plasma treatment can be performed, for example, in an atmosphere of oxygen, ozone, nitrogen, dinitrogen monoxide, argon, or the like. Further, it is preferable that the plasma treatment and the formation of the insulating film 106f are performed continuously without exposure to the atmosphere.
- the insulating film 106f is processed to form the insulating layer 106 (FIG. 27C).
- the insulating layer 106 is provided with an opening 147a and an opening 147b that reach the semiconductor layer 208.
- the insulating layer 106 can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method. In particular, a dry etching method can be suitably used.
- a conductive film 104f which becomes the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b, is formed on the insulating layer 106 (FIG. 28A).
- the conductive film 104f is provided to cover the opening 147a and the opening 147b.
- a sputtering method or an ALD method can be suitably used to form the conductive film 104f.
- the conductive film 104f is processed to form the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b (FIG. 28B).
- the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method.
- impurities are supplied (also referred to as addition or implantation) to the semiconductor layer 208.
- a region 208D is formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with any of the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, the conductive layer 212b, and the insulating layer 106, and the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b are A region 208L is formed in a region that does not overlap with any of them and overlaps with the insulating layer 106 (FIG. 28C).
- the impurity supply conditions in consideration of the material and thickness of the conductive layer 204 serving as a mask so that impurities are not supplied to the region of the semiconductor layer 208 overlapping with the conductive layer 204 as much as possible. .
- a channel formation region with a sufficiently reduced impurity concentration can be formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 overlapping with the conductive layer 204.
- impurities may be supplied to the semiconductor layer 108 using the conductive layer 104 as a mask.
- a region 108L is formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 108 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 104 and overlaps with the insulating layer 106.
- a plasma ion doping method or an ion implantation method can be suitably used. These methods allow the concentration profile in the depth direction to be controlled with high precision by adjusting the ion acceleration voltage, dose amount, and the like. Productivity can be increased by using the plasma ion doping method. Further, by using an ion implantation method using mass separation, the purity of the supplied impurity can be increased.
- the impurity concentration at the surface of the semiconductor layer 208 or a portion close to the surface is highest.
- a gas containing the impurity element described above can be used as the raw material used for supplying the impurity.
- a gas containing the impurity element described above can be used.
- B 2 H 6 gas or BF 3 gas can be used.
- PH 3 gas can typically be used.
- a mixed gas obtained by diluting these source gases with a noble gas may be used.
- raw materials used for supplying impurities include CH 4 , N 2 , NH 3 , AlH 3 , AlCl 3 , SiH 4 , Si 2 H 6 , F 2 , HF, H 2 , (C 5 H 5 ) 2 Mg, and noble gases can be used. Note that the raw material is not limited to gas, and solid or liquid may be heated and vaporized before use.
- the supply of impurities can be controlled by setting conditions such as accelerating voltage and dose amount, taking into consideration the composition, density, thickness, etc. of the insulating layer 106 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the acceleration voltage can be set in a range of, for example, 5 kV or more and 100 kV or less, preferably 7 kV or more and 70 kV or less, and more preferably 10 kV or more and 50 kV or less.
- the dose amount is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 13 ions/cm 2 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 17 ions/cm 2 or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 14 ions/cm 2 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 16 ions/cm 2 or less, more preferably 1 It can be in the range of ⁇ 10 15 ions/cm 2 or more and 3 ⁇ 10 16 ions/cm 2 or less.
- the accelerating voltage can be, for example, in the range of 10 kV or more and 100 kV or less, preferably 30 kV or more and 90 kV or less, and more preferably 40 kV or more and 80 kV or less.
- the dose amount is, for example, 1 ⁇ 10 13 ions/cm 2 or more and 1 ⁇ 10 17 ions/cm 2 or less, preferably 1 ⁇ 10 14 ions/cm 2 or more and 5 ⁇ 10 16 ions/cm 2 or less, more preferably 1 It can be in the range of ⁇ 10 15 ions/cm 2 or more and 3 ⁇ 10 16 ions/cm 2 or less.
- the impurity supply method is not limited to this, and for example, plasma treatment or treatment using thermal diffusion by heating may be used.
- impurities can be supplied by generating plasma in a gas atmosphere containing the impurities to be supplied and performing plasma treatment.
- a dry etching device As the device for generating the plasma, a dry etching device, an ashing device, a plasma CVD device, a high-density plasma CVD device, etc. can be used.
- hydrogen can be supplied as an impurity to the semiconductor layer 208 in a region that does not overlap with the conductive layer 204 by performing plasma treatment in an atmosphere containing hydrogen gas using a plasma CVD apparatus.
- a plasma CVD apparatus for supplying impurities and forming the insulating layer 195, the supply of impurities and the formation of the insulating layer 195 can be performed continuously in the apparatus, and productivity can be improved.
- an insulating layer 195 is formed to cover the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, the conductive layer 212b, the insulating layer 106, and the semiconductor layer 208 (FIGS. 10A and 10B).
- the PECVD method can be preferably used to form the insulating layer 195.
- the film formation temperature of the insulating layer 195 is too high, there is a risk that impurities contained in the region 108D and the region 208D will diffuse into the peripheral portions of the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208, including the channel formation region. Furthermore, there is a possibility that the electrical resistance of the region 108D and the region 208D will increase. Therefore, the temperature at which the insulating layer 195 is formed may be determined in consideration of the diffusion of impurities.
- the film forming temperature of the insulating layer 195 is, for example, preferably 150°C or more and 400°C or less, preferably 180°C or more and 360°C or less, and more preferably 200°C or more and 250°C or less.
- heat treatment may be performed.
- the heat treatment may lower the electrical resistance of the regions 108D and 208D.
- impurities can be appropriately diffused, and regions 108D and 208D having ideal impurity concentration gradients can be formed.
- the above description can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted. Note that if the temperature of the heat treatment is too high (for example, 500° C. or higher), impurities may diffuse into the channel formation region, leading to deterioration of the electrical characteristics and reliability of the transistor.
- the heat treatment does not need to be performed. Further, the heat treatment may not be performed here, but may also serve as the heat treatment performed in a later step. Further, if there is a treatment at a high temperature in a later step (for example, a film forming step), it may also be used as the heat treatment.
- the semiconductor device 10A can be manufactured.
- ⁇ Production method example 2> A manufacturing method different from the manufacturing method of the semiconductor device 10A shown in ⁇ Manufacturing Method Example 1> described above will be described. Note that the description of parts that overlap with those described above will be omitted, and the parts that are different will be described.
- FIGS. 29A to 29D is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10A. Each figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- oxygen may be supplied to the insulating film 110bf.
- the description in ⁇ Manufacturing method example 1> can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- an insulating film 110cf that becomes the insulating layer 110c is formed on the insulating film 110bf (FIG. 29A).
- a conductive film 112bf which becomes the conductive layer 112b, is formed on the insulating film 110cf (FIG. 29B).
- the conductive film 112bf is processed to form a conductive layer 112B (FIG. 29C).
- an insulating film 120f that becomes the insulating layer 120 is formed on the conductive layer 112B and the insulating film 110cf (FIG. 29D).
- the insulating film 120f is processed to form the insulating layer 120 (FIG. 26B).
- a portion of the conductive layer 112B is removed to form a conductive layer 112b having an opening 143, and a portion of the insulating film 107f, the insulating film 110af, the insulating film 110bf, and the insulating film 110cf are removed to form the opening 141.
- An insulating layer 107 and an insulating layer 110 are formed (FIG. 26C).
- the semiconductor device 10A can be manufactured.
- FIGS. 30A to 30C are diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10B. Each figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- the insulating layer 120 and the conductive layer 112b can be formed using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method.
- a dry etching method can be particularly preferably used.
- a wet etching method can be particularly preferably used to form the conductive layer 112b. Note that the method for forming the insulating layer 120 and the method for forming the conductive layer 112b may be the same or different.
- parts of the insulating film 107f, the insulating film 110af, the insulating film 110bf, and the insulating film 110cf are removed to form the insulating layer 107 and the insulating layer 110 having the opening 141 (FIG. 30A).
- a metal oxide film 108f that will become the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 is formed so as to cover the opening 141 and the opening 143 (FIG. 30B).
- the metal oxide film 108f is provided in contact with the top surface and side surfaces of the insulating layer 120, the side surfaces of the conductive layer 112b, the side surfaces of the insulating layer 107, the side surfaces of the insulating layer 110, and the top surface of the conductive layer 112a.
- the metal oxide film 108f is processed into an island shape to form the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 (FIG. 30C).
- an insulating film 106f that will become the insulating layer 106 is formed to cover the semiconductor layer 108, the semiconductor layer 208, and the insulating layer 120 (FIG. 31A).
- the insulating film 106f is processed to form the insulating layer 106 having an opening 147a and an opening 147b (FIG. 31B).
- a conductive film 104f which becomes the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b, is formed on the insulating layer 106 (FIG. 31C).
- the conductive film 104f is processed to form the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, and the conductive layer 212b (FIG. 32A).
- a region 208D and a region 208L are formed in the semiconductor layer 208 (FIG. 32B).
- a region 108L is formed in the semiconductor layer 108.
- an insulating layer 195 is formed to cover the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, the conductive layer 212a, the conductive layer 212b, the insulating layer 106, and the semiconductor layer 208 (FIGS. 13A and 13B).
- the description in ⁇ Manufacturing Method Example 1> described above can be referred to, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor device 10B can be manufactured.
- FIGS. 33A to 34 is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10F. Each figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- a conductive film 104f that will become the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204 is formed on the insulating layer 106 (FIG. 33A).
- the conductive film 104f is processed to form the conductive layer 104 and the conductive layer 204 (FIG. 33B).
- a region 208D is formed in a region of the semiconductor layer 208 that does not overlap with the conductive layer 204 (FIG. 33C).
- a region 108D is formed in a region that does not overlap with the conductive layer 104.
- an insulating film 195f which will become the insulating layer 195, is formed to cover the conductive layer 104, the conductive layer 204, and the insulating film 106f (FIG. 34).
- the PECVD method can be suitably used to form the insulating film 195f.
- Heat treatment may be performed after forming the insulating film 195f.
- the heat treatment may lower the electrical resistance of the regions 108D and 208D.
- the description in ⁇ Manufacturing Method Example 1> can be referred to, so a detailed explanation will be omitted. Note that the heat treatment may not be performed.
- the insulating film 106f and the insulating film 195f are processed to form the insulating layer 106 and the insulating layer 195 having an opening 147a and an opening 147b reaching the region 208D.
- the insulating film 106f and the insulating film 195f can be processed by using one or both of a wet etching method and a dry etching method.
- a conductive film is formed on the insulating layer 195 so as to cover the openings 147a and 147b, and the conductive film is processed to form a conductive layer 212a and a conductive layer 212b (FIG. 21A).
- the semiconductor device 10F of one embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured.
- FIGS. 35A to 37C is a diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device 10J. Each figure shows a cross-sectional view taken along the dashed line A1-A2.
- a mask film 155af is formed on the metal oxide film 108f (FIG. 35A).
- the mask film 155af for example, a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method can be used. It is preferable that the mask film 155af is formed continuously after the metal oxide film 108f is formed without being exposed to the atmosphere.
- the mask film 155af It is preferable to use a metal that is difficult to diffuse into the oxide semiconductor forming the metal oxide film 108f as the mask film 155af. Thereby, the carrier concentration of the subsequent semiconductor layer 108 can be reduced. Furthermore, it is preferable to use a material for the mask film 155af that has a different etching rate from that of the metal oxide film 108f. Specifically, it is preferable that the ratio of the etching rate of the mask film 155af to the etching rate of the metal oxide film 108f (hereinafter also referred to as selection ratio) is large. For example, one or more of a tungsten film, a molybdenum film, and a titanium film can be suitably used as the mask film 155af that is difficult to diffuse into the oxide semiconductor and has a high etching rate selectivity.
- a resist mask 157a is formed on the mask film 155af (FIG. 35B).
- the mask film 155af in the region not covered by the resist mask 157a is removed by etching to expose a part of the upper surface of the metal oxide film 108f. As a result, an island-shaped mask layer 155a is first formed.
- Etching of the mask film 155af is preferably performed by a dry etching method.
- a dry etching method with high anisotropy. This can prevent the side surfaces of the mask layer 155a from being etched and the pattern of the mask layer 155a becoming smaller than the pattern of the resist mask 157a.
- the metal oxide film 108f in the region not covered by the mask layer 155a is removed by etching to expose part of the upper surfaces of the insulating layer 110, the insulating layer 120, and the conductive layer 112b (FIG. 35C).
- a dry etching method can be used for etching the metal oxide film 108f, it is preferable to use a wet etching method because etching damage to the semiconductor layer 108 can be reduced.
- the island-shaped mask layer 155a and the island-shaped semiconductor layer 108 are formed.
- the resist mask 157a is removed (FIG. 36A).
- the resist mask 157a can be removed by wet etching or dry etching.
- the resist mask 157a may be removed after the mask layer 155a is formed and before the metal oxide film 108f is etched. At this time, the metal oxide film 108f can be etched using the mask layer 155a as an etching mask (also referred to as a hard mask). Thereby, the side surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 are not exposed to the etching of the resist mask 157a, so that damage to the semiconductor layer 108 can be suppressed.
- an etching mask also referred to as a hard mask
- a metal oxide film 208f which will become the semiconductor layer 208, is formed on the mask layer 155a, the semiconductor layer 108, the insulating layer 110, the insulating layer 120, and the conductive layer 112b.
- the metal oxide film 208f can be formed using, for example, a sputtering target different from that of the metal oxide film 108f. Regarding the formation of the metal oxide film 208f, the description of the metal oxide film 108f can be referred to.
- a mask film 155bf is formed on the metal oxide film 208f (FIG. 36B).
- the mask film 155bf is formed using the same material and under the same conditions as the mask film 155af, for example. Furthermore, it is preferable that the mask film 155bf be formed to have the same thickness as the mask film 155af.
- a resist mask 157b is formed on the mask film 155bf in a region that does not overlap with the mask layer 155a (FIG. 36C).
- the mask film 155bf in the region not covered by the resist mask 157b is removed by etching to expose a part of the upper surface of the metal oxide film 208f. As a result, an island-shaped mask layer 155b is first formed.
- the mask film 155bf is preferably etched by a dry etching method.
- the metal oxide film 208f in the region not covered by the mask layer 155b is removed by etching to expose the mask layer 155a, the semiconductor layer 108, the conductive layer 112b, the insulating layer 110, and a part of the insulating layer 110 (see FIG. 37A).
- the metal oxide film 208f is preferably etched by wet etching.
- the mask layer 155a functions as a protective layer to prevent the semiconductor layer 108 from being etched during etching of the metal oxide film 208f. Therefore, instead of etching the mask film 155af and the metal oxide film 208f all at once using the same conditions, when etching the mask film 155af, the etching rate selectivity with respect to the metal oxide film 208f is large. It is preferable to perform etching under different conditions and to etch these separately. This makes it possible to use conditions that have a high etching rate selectivity with respect to the mask layer 155a as the etching conditions for the metal oxide film 208f, so that it functions as a protective layer when etching the metal oxide film 208f. It is possible to prevent the mask layer 155a from being etched.
- the resist mask 157b may also be removed after the mask layer 155b is formed and before the metal oxide film 208f is etched. At this time, the metal oxide film 208f can be etched using the mask layer 155b as a mask (hard mask) for etching. Thereby, the semiconductor layer 208 and the side surfaces of the semiconductor layer 108 are not exposed to the etching of the resist mask 157b, so that damage to the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 can be suppressed.
- the mask layer 155a and the mask layer 155b are removed by etching (FIG. 37C).
- the mask layer 155a and the mask layer 155b can be removed in the same process. Furthermore, it is more preferable that the mask layer 155a and the mask layer 155b be formed to have the same thickness. Thereby, it is not necessary to remove the mask layer 155a and the mask layer 155b separately, and the process can be simplified.
- the mask layer 155a and the mask layer 155b are removed by wet etching.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 may be damaged by plasma, which may change the film quality.
- a wet etching method By using a wet etching method, a transistor with good electrical characteristics and high reliability can be manufactured.
- the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208 having different materials can be formed.
- the semiconductor layer 108 is formed first and the semiconductor layer 208 is formed later, the order does not matter.
- the semiconductor layer 208 may be formed first, and the semiconductor layer 108 may be formed later.
- an insulating film 106f that will become the insulating layer 106 is formed to cover the semiconductor layer 108 and the semiconductor layer 208.
- the description in ⁇ Manufacturing Method Example 1> described above can be referred to, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the semiconductor device 10J of one embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured.
- the display device of this embodiment can be a high-resolution display device or a large-sized display device. Therefore, the display device of this embodiment can be used for relatively large screens such as, for example, television devices, desktop or notebook computers, computer monitors, digital signage, and large game machines such as pachinko machines.
- the present invention can be used in display units of digital cameras, digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones, portable game machines, personal digital assistants, and sound playback devices.
- the display device of this embodiment can be a high-definition display device. Therefore, the display device of this embodiment can be used, for example, in a display unit of an information terminal (wearable device) such as a wristwatch type or a bracelet type, as well as a device for VR such as a head mounted display (HMD), and glasses. It can be used in the display section of wearable devices that can be worn on the head, such as AR devices.
- an information terminal such as a wristwatch type or a bracelet type
- VR head mounted display (HMD)
- AR devices head mounted display
- a semiconductor device of one embodiment of the present invention can be used for a display device or a module including the display device.
- a module having the display device a module in which a connector such as a flexible printed circuit board (hereinafter referred to as FPC) or TCP (Tape Carrier Package) is attached to the display device, or a COG (Chip On Glass) method.
- FPC flexible printed circuit board
- TCP Transmission Carrier Package
- COG Chip On Glass
- Another example is a module in which an integrated circuit (IC) is mounted using a COF (Chip On Film) method or the like.
- FIG. 38A shows a perspective view of the display device 50A.
- the display device 50A has a configuration in which a substrate 152 and a substrate 151 are bonded together.
- the substrate 152 is shown in broken lines.
- the display device 50A includes a display section 162, a connection section 140, a peripheral circuit section 164, wiring 165, and the like.
- FIG. 38A shows an example in which an IC 173 and an FPC 172 are mounted on the display device 50A. Therefore, the configuration shown in FIG. 38A can also be called a display module including the display device 50A, an IC, and an FPC.
- the connecting section 140 is provided outside the display section 162.
- the connecting portion 140 can be provided along one side or a plurality of sides of the display portion 162.
- the connecting portion 140 may be singular or plural.
- FIG. 38A shows an example in which connection parts 140 are provided so as to surround the four sides of the display part.
- the connection part 140 the common electrode of the display element and the conductive layer are electrically connected, and a potential can be supplied to the common electrode.
- the peripheral circuit section 164 includes, for example, a scanning line drive circuit (also referred to as a gate driver). Furthermore, the peripheral circuit section 164 may include both a scanning line drive circuit and a signal line drive circuit (also referred to as a source driver).
- a scanning line drive circuit also referred to as a gate driver
- the peripheral circuit section 164 may include both a scanning line drive circuit and a signal line drive circuit (also referred to as a source driver).
- the wiring 165 has a function of supplying signals and power to the display section 162 and the peripheral circuit section 164.
- the signal and power are input to the wiring 165 from the outside via the FPC 172 or input to the wiring 165 from the IC 173.
- FIG. 38A shows an example in which the IC 173 is provided on the substrate 151 using a COG method, a COF method, or the like.
- a COG method a COG method
- COF method a COF method
- an IC having one or both of a scanning line drive circuit and a signal line drive circuit can be applied to the IC 173.
- the display device 50A and the display module may have a configuration in which no IC is provided.
- the IC may be mounted on the FPC using a COF method or the like.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to one or both of the display portion 162 and the peripheral circuit portion 164 of the display device 50A, for example.
- the display section 162 is an area for displaying images in the display device 50A, and has a plurality of periodically arranged pixels 210.
- FIG. 38A shows an enlarged view of one pixel 210.
- the arrangement of pixels in the display device of this embodiment is not particularly limited, and various methods can be applied.
- Examples of pixel arrays include stripe array, S-stripe array, matrix array, delta array, Bayer array, and pentile array.
- the pixel 210 shown in FIG. 38A includes a pixel 230R that emits red light, a pixel 230G that emits green light, and a pixel 230B that emits blue light. Pixel 230R, pixel 230G, and pixel 230B each function as a subpixel.
- the pixel 230R, the pixel 230G, and the pixel 230B each include a display element and a circuit that controls driving of the display element.
- Various elements can be used as the display element, such as liquid crystal elements and light emitting elements.
- a display element using a shutter method or optical interference method MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) element, a microcapsule method, an electrophoresis method, an electrowetting method, an electronic powder fluid (registered trademark) method, etc. may be used. You can also do it.
- a QLED (Quantum-dot LED) using a light source and a color conversion technology using a quantum dot material may be used.
- Examples of display devices using liquid crystal elements include transmissive liquid crystal display devices, reflective liquid crystal display devices, and transflective liquid crystal display devices.
- the light-emitting element examples include self-emitting light-emitting elements such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes), OLEDs (Organic LEDs), and semiconductor lasers.
- LEDs Light Emitting Diodes
- OLEDs Organic LEDs
- semiconductor lasers As the LED, for example, a mini LED, a micro LED, etc. can be used.
- Examples of the light-emitting substance included in the light-emitting element include a substance that emits fluorescence (fluorescent material), a substance that emits phosphorescence (phosphorescent material), and a substance that exhibits thermally activated delayed fluorescence (thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)). materials), and inorganic compounds (quantum dot materials, etc.).
- the emitted light color of the light emitting element can be infrared, red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, yellow, white, or the like. Furthermore, color purity can be increased by providing a microcavity structure to the light emitting element.
- one electrode functions as an anode and the other electrode functions as a cathode.
- FIG. 38B is a block diagram illustrating the display device 50A.
- the display device 50A includes a display section 162 and a peripheral circuit section 164.
- the display section 162 has a plurality of pixels 230 arranged periodically.
- the peripheral circuit section includes a first drive circuit section 231 and a second drive circuit section 232.
- the circuit included in the first drive circuit section 231 functions as, for example, a scanning line drive circuit.
- the circuit included in the second drive circuit section 232 functions as, for example, a signal line drive circuit. Note that some kind of circuit may be provided at a position facing the first drive circuit section 231 with the display section 162 in between. Some kind of circuit may be provided at a position facing the second drive circuit section 232 with the display section 162 in between.
- peripheral circuit section 164 Various circuits such as a shift register circuit, a level shifter circuit, an inverter circuit, a latch circuit, an analog switch circuit, a demultiplexer circuit, a logic circuit, etc. can be used in the peripheral circuit section 164.
- transistors, capacitive elements, and the like can be used for the peripheral circuit section 164.
- the transistor included in the peripheral circuit portion 164 may be formed in the same process as the transistor included in the pixel 230.
- the display device 50A is arranged substantially parallel to the wirings 236 whose potentials are controlled by a circuit included in the first drive circuit section 231, and the second drive circuit section 231.
- a wiring 238 whose potential is controlled by a circuit included in the circuit portion 232.
- FIG. 38B shows an example in which a wiring 236 and a wiring 238 are connected to the pixel 230.
- the wiring 236 and the wiring 238 are just an example, and the wiring connected to the pixel 230 is not limited to the wiring 236 and the wiring 238.
- a configuration example will be described using a latch circuit as an example of a circuit that can be used as a drive circuit.
- FIG. 39A is a circuit diagram showing a configuration example of latch circuit LAT.
- the latch circuit LAT shown in FIG. 39A includes a transistor Tr31, a transistor Tr33, a transistor Tr35, a transistor Tr36, a capacitor C31, and an inverter circuit INV.
- a node N is a node where one of the source and drain of the transistor Tr33, the gate of the transistor Tr35, and one electrode of the capacitor C31 are electrically connected.
- the transistor Tr33 when a high potential signal is input to the terminal SMP, the transistor Tr33 is turned on. As a result, the potential of the node N becomes a potential corresponding to the potential of the terminal ROUT, and data corresponding to the signal input from the terminal ROUT to the latch circuit LAT is written to the latch circuit LAT. After writing data to the latch circuit LAT, when the potential of the terminal SMP is set to a low potential, the transistor Tr33 is turned off. As a result, the potential of node N is held, and the data written in latch circuit LAT is held.
- the latch circuit LAT when the potential of the node N is a low potential, data with a value of "0" is held in the latch circuit LAT, and when the potential of the node N is a high potential, the latch circuit LAT holds data with a value of "0". It can be assumed that data with a value of "1" is held in the LAT.
- the transistor Tr33 it is preferable to use a transistor with a small off-state current as the transistor Tr33.
- an OS transistor can be suitably used as the transistor Tr33. This allows the latch circuit LAT to hold data for a long period of time. Therefore, the frequency of rewriting data to the latch circuit LAT can be reduced.
- writing data such that a signal input from the terminal SP2 is output to the terminal LIN to the latch circuit LAT is sometimes simply referred to as "writing data to the latch circuit LAT.” That is, for example, writing data with a value of "1" to the latch circuit LAT may be simply referred to as “writing data to the latch circuit LAT.”
- a semiconductor device can be suitably used for the latch circuit LAT.
- the transistor 100 or the transistor 200 shown in FIG. 1B or the like can be applied to one or more of the transistor Tr31, the transistor Tr33, the transistor Tr35, and the transistor Tr36.
- the inverter circuit INV includes a transistor Tr41, a transistor Tr43, a transistor Tr45, a transistor Tr47, and a capacitor C41.
- all the transistors included in the latch circuit LAT can be transistors of the same polarity, such as n-channel type transistors. It can be a transistor. Thereby, for example, in addition to the transistor Tr33, the transistor Tr31, the transistor Tr35, the transistor Tr36, the transistor Tr41, the transistor Tr43, the transistor Tr45, and the transistor Tr47 can be used as OS transistors. Therefore, all the transistors included in the latch circuit LAT can be manufactured in the same process.
- a semiconductor device can be suitably used in the inverter circuit INV.
- the transistor 100 or the transistor 200 shown in FIG. 1B or the like can be applied to one or more of the transistor Tr41, the transistor Tr43, the transistor Tr45, and the transistor Tr47.
- the occupied area can be reduced and a display device with a narrow frame can be obtained.
- one or more of the transistors 100 to 100H and the transistor 100J can be suitably used as transistors that require a large on-current.
- one or more of the transistors 200 to 200F can be suitably used as transistors that require high saturation properties. Thereby, a display device with high performance can be obtained.
- Pixel 230 has pixel circuit 51 and light emitting device 61.
- the pixel circuit 51 shown in FIG. 40A includes a transistor 52A, a transistor 52B, and a capacitor 53.
- the pixel circuit 51 is a 2Tr1C type pixel circuit having two transistors and one capacitor.
- One of the source and drain of the transistor 52A is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 52B and one terminal of the capacitor 53, and the other of the source and drain is electrically connected to the wiring SL.
- a gate of the transistor 52A is electrically connected to the wiring GL.
- One of the source and drain of the transistor 52B and the other terminal of the capacitor 53 are electrically connected to the anode of the light emitting device 61.
- the other of the source and drain of the transistor 52B is electrically connected to the wiring ANO.
- the cathode of the light emitting device 61 is electrically connected to the wiring VCOM.
- the wiring GL corresponds to the wiring 236, and the wiring SL corresponds to the wiring 238.
- the wiring VCOM is a wiring that provides a potential for supplying current to the light emitting device 61.
- the transistor 52A has a function of controlling the conducting state or non-conducting state between the wiring SL and the gate of the transistor 52B based on the potential of the wiring GL. For example, VDD is supplied to the wiring ANO, and VSS is supplied to the wiring VCOM.
- the transistor 52B has a function of controlling the amount of current flowing to the light emitting device 61.
- Capacitor 53 has a function of holding the gate potential of transistor 52B. The intensity of the light emitted by the light emitting device 61 is controlled according to the image signal supplied to the gate of the transistor 52B.
- a back gate may be provided in some or all of the transistors included in the pixel circuit 51.
- the pixel circuit 51 shown in FIG. 40A has a configuration in which the transistor 52B has a back gate, and the back gate is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 52B. Note that the back gate of the transistor 52B may be electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 52B.
- the aforementioned semiconductor device can be suitably used for the pixel circuit 51.
- the transistor 100 shown in FIG. 1B or the like can be used as the transistor 52A, and the transistor 200 can be used as the transistor 52B.
- the pixel 230 includes a pixel circuit 51A and a light emitting device 61.
- the pixel circuit 51A shown in FIG. 40B mainly differs from the pixel circuit 51 shown in FIG. 40A in that it includes a transistor 52C.
- the pixel circuit 51A includes a transistor 52A, a transistor 52B, a transistor 52C, and a capacitor 53.
- the pixel circuit 51 is a 3Tr1C type pixel circuit having three transistors and one capacitor.
- One of the source and drain of the transistor 52C is electrically connected to one of the source and drain of the transistor 52B.
- the other of the source and drain of the transistor 52C is electrically connected to the wiring V0.
- a reference potential is supplied to the wiring V0.
- the transistor 52C has a function of controlling the conducting state or non-conducting state between one of the source and drain of the transistor 52B and the wiring V0 based on the potential of the wiring GL.
- the reference potential of the wiring V0 applied via the transistor 52C can suppress variations in the gate-source potential of the transistor 52B.
- the wiring V0 can function as a monitor line for outputting the current flowing through the transistor 52B or the current flowing through the light emitting device 61 to the outside.
- the current output to the wiring V0 is converted into a voltage by the source follower circuit, and can be output to the outside. Alternatively, it can be converted into a digital signal by an AD converter and output to the outside.
- the aforementioned semiconductor device can be suitably used for the pixel circuit 51A.
- the transistor 100A shown in FIG. 10A or the like can be used as the transistor 52A and the transistor 52C, and the transistor 200A can be used as the transistor 52B.
- the pixel circuit that can be applied to the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 40C is a cross-sectional view of the pixel circuit 51A.
- FIG. 40C shows a configuration in which the semiconductor device 10A shown in FIG. 10A etc. is applied to the pixel circuit 51A. Specifically, a configuration is shown in which a transistor 100A is applied to the transistor 52A and the transistor 52C, and a transistor 200A is applied to the transistor 52B.
- the transistor 52B which functions as a drive transistor to control the current flowing to the light emitting device 61, has higher saturation than the transistor 52A, which functions as a selection transistor to control the selection state of the pixel 230.
- the transistor 200A with a long channel length as the transistor 52B, a highly reliable display device can be obtained.
- the transistor 100A to the transistor 52A and the transistor 52C, the area occupied by the pixel circuit 51A can be reduced, and a high-definition display device can be obtained.
- the transistor 100A may also be applied to the transistor 52B.
- the transistor 100A with a short channel length as the transistor 52B a display device with high brightness can be obtained. Further, the area occupied by the pixel circuit 51A can be reduced, and a high-definition display device can be achieved.
- the conductive layer 212a of the transistor 52B is electrically connected to the conductive layer 202 through the opening 139 provided in the insulating layer 120 and the insulating layer 110. Furthermore, the conductive layer 212a is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b included in the transistor 52C. Note that FIG. 40C omits the electrical connection between the transistor 52A and the transistor 52B. For example, a first opening reaching the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 52A and a second opening reaching the conductive layer 204 of the transistor 52B are provided in the insulating layer 195.
- the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 52A and the conductive layer of the transistor 52B can be connected to each other via the first wiring.
- Layer 204 can be electrically connected.
- the capacitor 53 is omitted.
- the capacitor 53 can be formed, for example, in a region where the insulating layer 106 is sandwiched between the conductive layer 204 that functions as the gate of the transistor 52B and the conductive layer 112b that functions as one of the source and drain of the transistor 52C. . Note that the configuration of the capacitor 53 is not particularly limited.
- An insulating layer 195 is provided to cover the transistors 52A, 52B, 52C, and the capacitor 53, and an insulating layer 197 is provided to cover the insulating layer 195.
- a light emitting device 61 can be provided on the insulating layer 197.
- FIG. 40C shows pixel electrode 111 functioning as one electrode of light emitting device 61.
- FIG. The pixel electrode 111 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 52C through an opening 135 provided in the insulating layer 195 and the insulating layer 197.
- the above description can be referred to, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the insulating layer 197 has a function of reducing unevenness caused by the transistors 52A, 52B, and 52C, and making the surface on which the light-emitting device 61 is formed more flat. Note that in this specification and the like, the insulating layer 197 is sometimes referred to as a planarization layer.
- an insulating layer containing an organic material can be suitably used. It is preferable to use a photosensitive organic resin as the organic material, and for example, it is preferable to use a photosensitive resin composition containing an acrylic resin. Note that in this specification and the like, acrylic resin does not refer only to polymethacrylic acid ester or methacrylic resin, but may refer to the entire acrylic polymer in a broad sense.
- the insulating layer 197 may be made of acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, imide resin, polyamide resin, polyimide amide resin, silicone resin, siloxane resin, benzocyclobutene resin, phenol resin, precursors of these resins, etc. good. Further, the insulating layer 197 may be made of an organic material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, or alcohol-soluble polyamide resin. Furthermore, a photoresist may be used as the photosensitive resin. As the photosensitive organic resin, either a positive type material or a negative type material may be used.
- the insulating layer 197 may have a laminated structure of an organic insulating layer and an inorganic insulating layer.
- the insulating layer 197 can have a stacked structure of an organic insulating layer and an inorganic insulating layer over the organic insulating layer.
- an inorganic insulating layer on the outermost surface of the insulating layer 197, it can function as an etching protection layer. This can prevent a portion of the insulating layer 197 from being etched when forming the pixel electrode 111 and reducing the flatness of the insulating layer 197.
- the pixel electrode 111 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b through openings provided in the insulating layer 197, the insulating layer 195, and the insulating layer 106.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is a top emission type display device that emits light in the opposite direction to the substrate on which the light-emitting device is formed, and a display device that emits light in the opposite direction to the substrate on which the light-emitting device is formed. It may be either a bottom emission type (bottom emission type) or a double emission type (dual emission type) that emits light on both sides.
- FIG. 41A shows part of the area including the FPC 172, part of the peripheral circuit part 164, part of the display part 162, part of the connection part 140, and part of the area including the end of the display device 50A. An example of a cross section when each is cut is shown.
- a display device 50A shown in FIG. 41A includes transistors 205D, 205R, 205G, 205B, a light emitting element 130R, a light emitting element 130G, a light emitting element 130B, etc. between a substrate 151 and a substrate 152.
- the light emitting element 130R is a display element included in the pixel 230R that emits red light
- the light emitting element 130G is a display element included in the pixel 230G that emits green light
- the light emitting element 130B is a display element included in the pixel 230B that emits blue light. This is a display element possessed by
- the SBS structure is applied to the display device 50A.
- materials and configurations can be optimized for each light emitting element, which increases the degree of freedom in selecting materials and configurations, making it easier to improve brightness and reliability.
- the display device 50A is a top emission type.
- a transistor or the like can be placed overlapping the light-emitting region of the light-emitting element, so the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased compared to the bottom-emission type.
- the transistor 205D, the transistor 205R, the transistor 205G, and the transistor 205B are all formed on the substrate 151. These transistors can be manufactured using some steps in common.
- An OS transistor can be suitably used as the transistor 205D, the transistor 205R, the transistor 205G, and the transistor 205B.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention can be used as the transistor 205D, the transistor 205R, the transistor 205G, and the transistor 205B.
- the display device 50A includes the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention in both the display portion 162 and the peripheral circuit portion 164.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention in the display portion 162 the pixel size can be reduced and the definition can be increased.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention in the peripheral circuit portion 164 the area occupied by the peripheral circuit portion 164 can be reduced, and the frame can be made narrower.
- the description in the previous embodiment can be referred to.
- the transistor provided in the peripheral circuit portion 164 may require a larger on-state current. It is preferable to use a transistor with a short channel length in the peripheral circuit section 164.
- the peripheral circuit section 164 can suitably use one or more of the transistors 100 to 100H and the transistor 100J described above. By using one or more of the transistors 100 to 100H and the transistor 100J in the peripheral circuit portion 164, the occupied area can be reduced and a display device with a narrow frame can be obtained. Further, as the transistor provided in the display portion 162, one or more of the above-described transistors 200 to 200F can be suitably used. FIG.
- transistor 41 shows a configuration in which the above-described transistor 100A is applied to the transistor 205D, and the transistor 200A is applied to the transistor 205R, the transistor 205G, and the transistor 205B. Note that one or more of the transistors 100 to 100H and the transistor 100J may be used in the display portion 162, and one or more of the transistors 200 to 200F may be used in the peripheral circuit portion 164.
- the transistor included in the display device of this embodiment is not limited to the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention.
- a transistor according to one embodiment of the present invention and a transistor having another structure may be combined.
- the display device of this embodiment may include, for example, one or more of a planar transistor, a staggered transistor, and an inverted staggered transistor.
- the transistor included in the display device of this embodiment may be either a top gate type or a bottom gate type.
- gates may be provided above and below the semiconductor layer in which the channel is formed.
- the display device of this embodiment may include a transistor using silicon for a channel formation region (Si transistor).
- silicon include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, and amorphous silicon.
- a transistor having LTPS in a semiconductor layer hereinafter also referred to as an LTPS transistor
- LTPS transistors have high field effect mobility and good frequency characteristics.
- the OS transistor When the transistor operates in the saturation region, the OS transistor can make the change in the source-drain current smaller than the Si transistor with respect to the change in the gate-source voltage. Therefore, by applying an OS transistor as a drive transistor included in a pixel circuit, the current flowing between the source and drain can be precisely determined by changing the voltage between the gate and source, thereby controlling the amount of current flowing to the light emitting element. can be controlled. Therefore, the number of gradations in the pixel circuit can be increased.
- OS transistors are able to flow a more stable current (saturation current) than Si transistors even when the source-drain voltage gradually increases. can. Therefore, by using the OS transistor as a drive transistor, a stable current can be passed through the light emitting element even if, for example, variations occur in the current-voltage characteristics of the EL element. That is, when the OS transistor operates in the saturation region, the source-drain current does not substantially change even if the source-drain voltage changes, so that the luminance of the light emitting element can be stabilized.
- the transistors included in the peripheral circuit section 164 and the transistors included in the display section 162 may have the same structure or may have different structures.
- the plurality of transistors included in the peripheral circuit section 164 may all have the same structure, or may have two or more types.
- the plurality of transistors included in the display section 162 may all have the same structure, or may have two or more types.
- All of the transistors included in the display section 162 may be OS transistors, all of the transistors included in the display section 162 may be Si transistors, or some of the transistors included in the display section 162 may be OS transistors and the rest may be Si transistors. good.
- an LTPS transistor for example, by using both an LTPS transistor and an OS transistor in the display section 162, a display device with low power consumption and high driving ability can be realized. Further, a configuration in which an LTPS transistor and an OS transistor are combined is sometimes referred to as an LTPO. Note that a more preferable example is a configuration in which an OS transistor is used as a transistor that functions as a switch for controlling conduction and non-conduction between wirings, and an LTPS transistor is used as a transistor that controls current.
- one of the transistors included in the display section 162 functions as a transistor for controlling the current flowing to the light emitting element, and can also be called a drive transistor.
- One of the source and drain of the drive transistor is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the light emitting element. It is preferable to use an LTPS transistor as the drive transistor. Thereby, the current flowing through the light emitting element in the pixel circuit can be increased.
- the other transistor included in the display section 162 functions as a switch for controlling selection and non-selection of pixels, and can also be called a selection transistor.
- the gate of the selection transistor is electrically connected to the gate line, and one of the source and drain is electrically connected to the source line (signal line). It is preferable to use an OS transistor as the selection transistor. This allows the pixel gradation to be maintained even if the frame frequency is significantly reduced (for example, 1 fps or less), so power consumption can be reduced by stopping the driver when displaying still images. can.
- An insulating layer 195 is provided to cover the transistor 205D, the transistor 205R, the transistor 205G, and the transistor 205B, and an insulating layer 235 is provided over the insulating layer 195.
- the insulating layer 235 preferably functions as a planarization layer, and is preferably an organic insulating film.
- examples of materials that can be used for the organic insulating film include acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, polyimide amide resin, siloxane resin, benzocyclobutene resin, phenol resin, and precursors of these resins.
- the insulating layer 235 may have a stacked structure of an organic insulating film and an inorganic insulating film. The outermost layer of the insulating layer 235 preferably functions as an etching protection layer.
- a recess in the insulating layer 235 can be suppressed during processing of the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, the pixel electrode 111B, and the like.
- a recess may be provided in the insulating layer 235 when processing the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, the pixel electrode 111B, and the like.
- a light emitting element 130R, a light emitting element 130G, and a light emitting element 130B are provided on the insulating layer 235.
- the light emitting element 130R includes a pixel electrode 111R on the insulating layer 235, an EL layer 113R on the pixel electrode 111R, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113R.
- the light emitting element 130R shown in FIG. 41 emits red light (R).
- the EL layer 113R has a light emitting layer that emits red light.
- the light emitting element 130G includes a pixel electrode 111G on the insulating layer 235, an EL layer 113G on the pixel electrode 111G, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113G.
- the light emitting element 130G shown in FIG. 41 emits green light (G).
- the EL layer 113G has a light emitting layer that emits green light.
- the light emitting element 130B includes a pixel electrode 111B on an insulating layer 235, an EL layer 113B on the pixel electrode 111B, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113B.
- the light emitting element 130B shown in FIG. 41 emits blue light (B).
- the EL layer 113B has a light emitting layer that emits blue light.
- the EL layers 113R, 113G, and 113B are all shown to have the same thickness, but the thickness is not limited to this.
- the thicknesses of the EL layers 113R, 113G, and 113B may be different.
- the pixel electrode 111R is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205R through openings provided in the insulating layer 195 and the insulating layer 235.
- the pixel electrode 111G is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205G
- the pixel electrode 111B is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205B.
- the ends of each of the pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, and 111B are covered with an insulating layer 237.
- the insulating layer 237 functions as a partition (also referred to as a bank, bank, or spacer).
- the insulating layer 237 can be provided in a single layer structure or a laminated structure using one or both of an inorganic insulating material and an organic insulating material. For example, a material that can be used for the insulating layer 235 can be used for the insulating layer 237.
- the insulating layer 237 can electrically insulate the pixel electrode and the common electrode. Further, the insulating layer 237 can electrically insulate adjacent light emitting elements from each other.
- the common electrode 115 is a continuous film provided in common to the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B.
- a common electrode 115 that the plurality of light emitting elements have in common is electrically connected to a conductive layer 123 provided in the connection portion 140. It is preferable to use a conductive layer formed of the same material and in the same process as the pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, and 111B for the conductive layer 123.
- a conductive film that transmits visible light is used for the light extraction side of the pixel electrode and the common electrode. Further, it is preferable to use a conductive film that reflects visible light for the electrode on the side from which light is not extracted.
- a conductive film that transmits visible light may also be used for the electrode on the side from which light is not extracted.
- the material for forming the pair of electrodes of the light emitting element metals, alloys, electrically conductive compounds, mixtures thereof, and the like can be used as appropriate.
- the materials include aluminum, magnesium, titanium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, gallium, zinc, indium, tin, molybdenum, tantalum, tungsten, palladium, gold, platinum, silver, and yttrium. , metals such as neodymium, and alloys containing these in appropriate combinations.
- such materials include indium tin oxide (In-Sn oxide, also referred to as ITO), In-Si-Sn oxide (also referred to as ITSO), indium zinc oxide (In-Zn oxide), and In- Examples include W--Zn oxide.
- such materials include alloys containing aluminum (aluminum alloys) such as alloys of aluminum, nickel, and lanthanum (Al-Ni-La), alloys of silver and magnesium, and alloys of silver, palladium, and copper ( Examples include alloys containing silver such as Ag-Pd-Cu (also referred to as APC).
- such materials include elements belonging to Group 1 or Group 2 of the Periodic Table of Elements not listed above (e.g., lithium, cesium, calcium, strontium), rare earth metals such as europium, ytterbium, and appropriate combinations of these. Examples include alloys and graphene.
- a micro optical resonator (microcavity) structure is applied to the light emitting element. Therefore, one of the pair of electrodes included in the light emitting element is preferably an electrode that is transparent and reflective to visible light (semi-transparent/semi-reflective electrode), and the other is an electrode that is reflective to visible light ( A reflective electrode) is preferable. Since the light emitting element has a microcavity structure, the light emitted from the light emitting layer can resonate between both electrodes, and the light emitted from the light emitting element can be intensified.
- the light transmittance of the transparent electrode is 40% or more.
- an electrode having a transmittance of visible light (light with a wavelength of 400 nm or more and less than 750 nm) of 40% or more as the transparent electrode of the light emitting element.
- the visible light reflectance of the semi-transparent/semi-reflective electrode is 10% or more and 95% or less, preferably 30% or more and 80% or less.
- the visible light reflectance of the reflective electrode is 40% or more and 100% or less, preferably 70% or more and 100% or less.
- the electrical resistivity of these electrodes is preferably 1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 2 ⁇ cm or less.
- the EL layers 113R, 113G, and 113B are each provided in an island shape.
- the ends of adjacent EL layers 113R and 113G overlap, the ends of adjacent EL layers 113G and EL layers 113B overlap, and the ends of adjacent EL layers 113G and EL layers 113B overlap, and The end of the EL layer 113R and the end of the EL layer 113B overlap.
- the ends of adjacent EL layers may overlap each other, as shown in FIG. 41, but the invention is not limited to this. That is, adjacent EL layers do not overlap and may be spaced apart from each other. Furthermore, in the display device, there may be both a portion where adjacent EL layers overlap and a portion where adjacent EL layers do not overlap and are separated.
- Each of the EL layers 113R, 113G, and 113B has at least a light emitting layer.
- the light-emitting layer has one or more types of light-emitting substances.
- the luminescent substance a substance exhibiting a luminescent color such as blue, violet, blue-violet, green, yellow-green, yellow, orange, or red is appropriately used.
- a substance that emits near-infrared light can also be used as the light-emitting substance.
- Examples of light-emitting substances include fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials, TADF materials, quantum dot materials, and the like.
- the light emitting layer may contain one or more types of organic compounds (host material, assist material, etc.) in addition to the light emitting substance (guest material).
- organic compounds host material, assist material, etc.
- one or more types of organic compounds one or both of a substance with high hole transport properties (hole transport material) and a substance with high electron transport property (electron transport material) can be used.
- a bipolar substance a substance with high electron transporting properties and hole transporting properties
- a TADF material may be used as one or more kinds of organic compounds.
- the light-emitting layer preferably includes, for example, a phosphorescent material and a hole-transporting material and an electron-transporting material that are a combination that tends to form an exciplex.
- ExTET Exciplex-Triplet Energy Transfer
- a combination that forms an exciplex that emits light that overlaps with the wavelength of the lowest energy absorption band of the light-emitting substance energy transfer becomes smoother and luminescence can be efficiently obtained.
- high efficiency, low voltage drive, and long life of the light emitting element can be achieved at the same time.
- the EL layer includes a layer containing a substance with high hole injection properties (hole injection layer), a layer containing a hole transporting material (hole transport layer), and a substance with high electron blocking properties.
- hole injection layer a layer containing a substance with high hole injection properties
- hole transport layer a layer containing a hole transporting material
- hole blocking layer a layer containing a substance with high electron blocking property
- the EL layer may include one or both of a bipolar material and a TADF material.
- the light-emitting element can use either a low-molecular compound or a high-molecular compound, and may also contain an inorganic compound.
- the layers constituting the light emitting element can be formed by a method such as a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
- a single structure (a structure having only one light emitting unit) or a tandem structure (a structure having a plurality of light emitting units) may be applied to the light emitting element.
- the light emitting unit has at least one light emitting layer.
- the tandem structure is a structure in which a plurality of light emitting units are connected in series via a charge generation layer.
- the charge generation layer has a function of injecting electrons into one of the two light emitting units and injecting holes into the other when a voltage is applied between the pair of electrodes.
- the EL layer 113R has a structure that has a plurality of light emitting units that emit red light
- the EL layer 113G has a structure that has a plurality of light emitting units that emit green light.
- the EL layer 113B preferably has a structure including a plurality of light emitting units that emit blue light.
- a protective layer 131 is provided on the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B.
- the protective layer 131 and the substrate 152 are bonded together via an adhesive layer 142.
- a light shielding layer 117 is provided on the substrate 152.
- a solid sealing structure or a hollow sealing structure can be applied to seal the light emitting element.
- the space between substrate 152 and substrate 151 is filled with adhesive layer 142, and a solid sealing structure is applied.
- the space may be filled with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) and a hollow sealing structure may be applied.
- the adhesive layer 142 may be provided so as not to overlap the light emitting element.
- the space may be filled with a resin different from that of the adhesive layer 142 provided in a frame shape.
- the protective layer 131 is provided at least on the display section 162, and is preferably provided so as to cover the entire display section 162. It is preferable that the protective layer 131 is provided so as to cover not only the display section 162 but also the connection section 140 and the peripheral circuit section 164. Moreover, it is preferable that the protective layer 131 is provided up to the end of the display device 50A. On the other hand, in the connecting portion 168, there is a portion where the protective layer 131 is not provided in order to electrically connect the FPC 172 and the conductive layer 166.
- the reliability of the light emitting elements can be improved.
- the protective layer 131 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure of two or more layers. Furthermore, the conductivity of the protective layer 131 does not matter. As the protective layer 131, at least one of an insulating film, a semiconductor film, and a conductive film can be used.
- the protective layer 131 includes an inorganic film, it prevents the common electrode 115 from being oxidized, prevents impurities (moisture, oxygen, etc.) from entering the light emitting element, suppresses deterioration of the light emitting element, and improves the performance of the display device. Reliability can be increased.
- an inorganic insulating film such as an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, and a nitride oxide insulating film can be used. Specific examples of these inorganic insulating films are as described above.
- the protective layer 131 preferably includes a nitride insulating film or a nitride oxide insulating film, and more preferably a nitride insulating film.
- an inorganic film containing ITO, In-Zn oxide, Ga-Zn oxide, Al-Zn oxide, IGZO, or the like can also be used. It is preferable that the inorganic film has a high resistance, and specifically, it is preferable that the inorganic film has a higher resistance than the common electrode 115.
- the inorganic film may further contain nitrogen.
- the protective layer 131 When emitting light from the light emitting element is extracted through the protective layer 131, the protective layer 131 preferably has high transparency to visible light.
- the protective layer 131 preferably has high transparency to visible light.
- ITO, IGZO, and aluminum oxide are preferable because they are inorganic materials with high transparency to visible light.
- the protective layer 131 for example, a stacked structure of an aluminum oxide film and a silicon nitride film on the aluminum oxide film, or a stacked structure of an aluminum oxide film and an IGZO film on the aluminum oxide film can be used. .
- the laminated structure it is possible to suppress impurities (water, oxygen, etc.) from entering the EL layer side.
- the protective layer 131 may include an organic film.
- the protective layer 131 may include both an organic film and an inorganic film.
- Examples of the organic film that can be used for the protective layer 131 include an organic insulating film that can be used for the insulating layer 235.
- a connecting portion 168 is provided in a region of the substrate 151 where the substrate 152 does not overlap.
- the wiring 165 is electrically connected to the FPC 172 via the conductive layer 166 and the connection layer 242.
- the conductive layer 166 has a single-layer structure of a conductive layer obtained by processing the same conductive film as the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, and the pixel electrode 111B.
- the conductive layer 166 is exposed on the upper surface of the connection portion 168. Thereby, the connection portion 168 and the FPC 172 can be electrically connected via the connection layer 242.
- the wiring 165 is electrically connected to a transistor included in the peripheral circuit section 164.
- FIG. 41 shows a structure in which the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205D is extended and functions as the wiring 165. Note that the configuration of the wiring 165 is not limited to this.
- the display device 50A is a top emission type. Light emitted by the light emitting element is emitted to the substrate 152 side.
- the substrate 152 is preferably made of a material that is highly transparent to visible light.
- the pixel electrode 111R, the pixel electrode 111G, and the pixel electrode 111B include a material that reflects visible light, and the counter electrode (common electrode 115) includes a material that transmits visible light.
- the light shielding layer 117 can be provided between adjacent light emitting elements, at the connection portion 140, the peripheral circuit portion 164, and the like.
- a colored layer such as a color filter may be provided on the surface of the substrate 152 on the substrate 151 side or on the protective layer 131. By providing a color filter overlapping the light emitting element, the color purity of light emitted from the pixel can be increased.
- optical members can be arranged on the outside of the substrate 152 (the surface opposite to the substrate 151).
- the optical member include a polarizing plate, a retardation plate, a light diffusion layer (such as a diffusion film), an antireflection layer, and a light collecting film.
- surface protection is provided such as an antistatic film that suppresses the adhesion of dust, a water-repellent film that prevents dirt from adhering, a hard coat film that suppresses the occurrence of scratches due to use, and a shock absorption layer. Layers may be arranged.
- a glass layer or a silica layer (SiO x layer) as the surface protective layer, since surface contamination and scratches can be suppressed.
- the surface protective layer DLC (diamond-like carbon), aluminum oxide (AlO x ), a polyester material, a polycarbonate material, or the like may be used. Note that it is preferable to use a material with high transmittance to visible light for the surface protective layer. Moreover, it is preferable to use a material with high hardness for the surface protective layer.
- the substrate 151 and the substrate 152 glass, quartz, ceramics, sapphire, resin, metal, alloy, semiconductor, etc. can be used, respectively.
- a material that transmits the light is used for the substrate on the side from which the light from the light emitting element is extracted. If a flexible material is used for the substrate 151 and the substrate 152, the flexibility of the display device can be increased and a flexible display can be realized. Further, a polarizing plate may be used as at least one of the substrate 151 and the substrate 152.
- the substrate 151 and the substrate 152 are made of polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyacrylonitrile resin, acrylic resin, polyimide resin, polymethyl methacrylate resin, polycarbonate (PC) resin, or polyether sulfone, respectively.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PES polyacrylonitrile resin
- acrylic resin acrylic resin
- polyimide resin polymethyl methacrylate resin
- PC polycarbonate
- PC polyether sulfone
- PS polyamide resin
- polysiloxane resin polysiloxane resin
- cycloolefin resin polystyrene resin
- polyamideimide resin polyurethane resin
- polyvinyl chloride resin polyvinylidene chloride resin
- polypropylene resin polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- ABS resin cellulose
- a substrate with high optical isotropy has small birefringence (it can also be said that the amount of birefringence is small).
- films with high optical isotropy include triacetyl cellulose (TAC, also referred to as cellulose triacetate) film, cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, cycloolefin copolymer (COC) film, and acrylic film.
- various curable adhesives such as a photo-curable adhesive such as an ultraviolet curable adhesive, a reaction-curable adhesive, a thermosetting adhesive, and an anaerobic adhesive can be used.
- these adhesives include epoxy resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, imide resin, PVC (polyvinyl chloride) resin, PVB (polyvinyl butyral) resin, EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) resin, and the like.
- materials with low moisture permeability such as epoxy resin are preferred.
- a two-liquid mixed type resin may be used.
- an adhesive sheet or the like may be used.
- connection layer 242 an anisotropic conductive film (ACF), anisotropic conductive paste (ACP), or the like can be used.
- ACF anisotropic conductive film
- ACP anisotropic conductive paste
- the display device 50B shown in FIG. 42 differs from the display device 50A mainly in that a light emitting element having a common EL layer 113 and a colored layer (color filter, etc.) are used for subpixels of each color. . Note that in the following description of the display device, description of parts similar to those of the display device described above may be omitted.
- the display device 50B shown in FIG. 42 includes transistors 205D, 205R, 205G, 205B, light emitting elements 130R, 130G, 130B, a colored layer 132R that transmits red light, and a colored layer 132R that transmits green light between the substrate 151 and the substrate 152.
- the light emitting element 130R includes a pixel electrode 111R, an EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111R, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130R is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 50B via the colored layer 132R.
- the light emitting element 130G includes a pixel electrode 111G, an EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111G, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130G is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 50B via the colored layer 132G.
- the light emitting element 130B has a pixel electrode 111B, an EL layer 113 on the pixel electrode 111B, and a common electrode 115 on the EL layer 113.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130B is extracted as blue light to the outside of the display device 50B via the colored layer 132B.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B each share an EL layer 113 and a common electrode 115.
- a configuration in which a common EL layer 113 is provided for subpixels of each color can reduce the number of manufacturing steps, compared to a configuration in which different EL layers are provided for subpixels of each color.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B shown in FIG. 42 emit white light.
- the white light emitted by the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B passes through the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, so that light of a desired color can be obtained.
- the light emitting element that emits white light includes two or more light emitting layers.
- the light-emitting layers may be selected such that the emission colors of the two light-emitting layers are complementary colors. For example, by making the light emitting color of the first light emitting layer and the light emitting color of the second light emitting layer complementary, it is possible to obtain a configuration in which the light emitting element as a whole emits white light.
- the light emitting element as a whole may be configured to emit white light by combining the emitted light colors of the three or more light emitting layers.
- the EL layer 113 preferably has, for example, a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting substance that emits blue light and a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting substance that emits visible light with a longer wavelength than blue light.
- the EL layer 113 preferably includes, for example, a light-emitting layer that emits yellow light and a light-emitting layer that emits blue light.
- the EL layer 113 preferably includes, for example, a light-emitting layer that emits red light, a light-emitting layer that emits green light, and a light-emitting layer that emits blue light.
- a tandem structure for the light emitting element that emits white light has a two-stage tandem structure having a light emitting unit that emits yellow light and a light emitting unit that emits blue light, and a light emitting unit that emits red and green light, and a light emitting unit that emits blue light.
- a three-stage tandem structure, etc. which has a light-emitting unit that emits light of , a light-emitting unit that emits yellow, yellow-green, or green light, a light-emitting unit that emits red light, and a light-emitting unit that emits blue light, etc., is applied. can do.
- the number of stacked layers and the order of colors of the light emitting units are: a two-tiered structure of B and Y, a two-tiered structure of B and the light-emitting unit X, a three-tiered structure of B, Y, and B, B, X
- the three-layer structure of B is listed, and the order of the number and color of the light emitting layers in the light emitting unit X is, from the anode side, a two-layer structure of R and Y, a two-layer structure of R and G, and a two-layer structure of G and R
- the structure may be a three-layer structure of G, R, and G, or a three-layer structure of R, G, and R. Further, another layer may be provided between the two light emitting layers.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B shown in FIG. 42 emit blue light.
- the EL layer 113 has one or more light emitting layers that emit blue light.
- the blue light emitted by the light emitting element 130B can be extracted.
- a color conversion layer is provided between the light emitting element 130R or 130G and the substrate 152, so that the light emitting element 130R or 130G can be The blue light emitted can be converted to longer wavelength light and red or green light can be extracted.
- a colored layer 132R is provided between the color conversion layer and the substrate 152 on the light emitting element 130R, and a colored layer 132G is provided between the color conversion layer and the substrate 152 on the light emitting element 130G.
- a part of the light emitted by the light emitting element may be transmitted as is without being converted by the color conversion layer.
- the colored layer absorbs light of a color other than the desired color, thereby increasing the color purity of the light exhibited by the subpixel.
- the display device 50C shown in FIG. 43 is mainly different from the display device 50B in that it is a bottom emission type display device.
- the light emitted by the light emitting element is emitted to the substrate 151 side. It is preferable to use a material that has high transparency to visible light for the substrate 151. On the other hand, the light transmittance of the material used for the substrate 152 does not matter.
- a light shielding layer 117 is formed between the substrate 151 and the transistor.
- a light shielding layer 117 is provided on a substrate 151, an insulating layer 153 is provided on the light blocking layer 117, and a transistor 205D, a transistor 205R (not shown), a transistor 205G, a transistor 205B, etc. are provided on the insulating layer 153.
- a colored layer 132R (not shown), a colored layer 132G, and a colored layer 132B are provided on the insulating layer 195, and an insulating layer 235 is provided on the colored layer 132R (not shown), the colored layer 132G, and the colored layer 132B. provided.
- the light emitting element 130G overlapping the colored layer 132G includes a pixel electrode 111G, an EL layer 113, and a common electrode 115.
- the light emitting element 130B that overlaps the colored layer 132B includes a pixel electrode 111B, an EL layer 113, and a common electrode 115.
- the pixel electrodes 111G and 111B are each made of a material that is highly transparent to visible light. It is preferable to use a material that reflects visible light for the common electrode 115. In a bottom emission type display device, a metal or the like with low resistivity can be used for the common electrode 115, so it is possible to suppress a voltage drop caused by the electrical resistance of the common electrode 115, and achieve high display quality.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention can be miniaturized and occupy a small area; therefore, in a display device with a bottom emission structure, the aperture ratio of a pixel can be increased or the size of a pixel can be reduced.
- the display device 50D shown in FIG. 44A is mainly different from the display device 50A in that it includes a light receiving element 130S.
- the display device 50D has a light emitting element and a light receiving element in the pixel.
- the organic EL element and the organic photodiode can be formed on the same substrate. Therefore, an organic photodiode can be built into a display device using an organic EL element.
- the display unit 162 has one or both of an imaging function and a sensing function. For example, in addition to displaying an image using all the subpixels of the display device 50D, some subpixels provide light as a light source, some other subpixels perform light detection, and the remaining subpixels You can also display images.
- the display device 50D it is not necessary to provide a light receiving section and a light source separately from the display device 50D, and the number of parts of the electronic device can be reduced. For example, there is no need to separately provide a biometric authentication device provided in the electronic device or a capacitive touch panel for scrolling or the like. Therefore, by using the display device 50D, it is possible to provide an electronic device with reduced manufacturing cost.
- the display device 50D can capture an image using the light receiving element.
- an image sensor can be used to capture images for personal authentication using a fingerprint, a palm print, an iris, a pulse shape (including a vein shape and an artery shape), a face, or the like.
- the light receiving element can be used as a touch sensor (also referred to as a direct touch sensor) or a non-contact sensor (also referred to as a hover sensor, a hover touch sensor, a touchless sensor), or the like.
- a touch sensor can detect a target object (such as a finger, hand, or pen) when the display device and the target object (finger, hand, pen, etc.) come into direct contact.
- a non-contact sensor can detect an object even if the object does not come into contact with the display device.
- the light receiving element 130S includes a pixel electrode 111S on an insulating layer 235, a functional layer 113S on the pixel electrode 111S, and a common electrode 115 on the functional layer 113S.
- Light Lin enters the functional layer 113S from outside the display device 50D.
- the pixel electrode 111S is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205S through openings provided in the insulating layer 195 and the insulating layer 235.
- the end of the pixel electrode 111S is covered with an insulating layer 237.
- the common electrode 115 is a continuous film provided in common to the light receiving element 130S, the light emitting element 130R (not shown), the light emitting element 130G, and the light emitting element 130B.
- a common electrode 115 that the light emitting element and the light receiving element have in common is electrically connected to the conductive layer 123 provided in the connection part 140.
- the functional layer 113S has at least an active layer (also referred to as a photoelectric conversion layer).
- the active layer includes a semiconductor.
- the semiconductor include inorganic semiconductors such as silicon, and organic semiconductors containing organic compounds.
- an organic semiconductor is used as the semiconductor included in the active layer.
- the light-emitting layer and the active layer can be formed by the same method (eg, vacuum evaporation method), and a common manufacturing apparatus can be used, which is preferable.
- the functional layer 113S includes a layer containing a substance with high hole transport properties, a substance with high electron transport properties, a bipolar substance (substance with high electron transport properties and high hole transport properties), etc. as a layer other than the active layer. You may further have it.
- the layer is not limited to the above, and may further include a layer containing a substance with high hole injection property, a hole blocking material, a substance with high electron injection property, an electron blocking material, or the like.
- materials that can be used in the above-mentioned light-emitting element can be used, for example.
- the light-receiving element can be made of either a low-molecular compound or a high-molecular compound, and may also contain an inorganic compound.
- the layers constituting the light-receiving element can be formed by a method such as a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
- the display device 50D shown in FIGS. 44B and 44C has a layer 353 having a light receiving element, a circuit layer 355, and a layer 357 having a light emitting element between the substrate 151 and the substrate 152.
- the layer 353 includes, for example, the light receiving element 130S.
- the layer 357 includes, for example, light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B.
- the circuit layer 355 has a circuit that drives the light receiving element and a circuit that drives the light emitting element.
- the circuit layer 355 includes, for example, transistors 205R, 205G, and 205B.
- the circuit layer 355 may include one or more of a switch, a capacitor, a resistor, a wiring, a terminal, and the like.
- FIG. 44B is an example in which the light receiving element 130S is used as a touch sensor. As shown in FIG. 44B, when the finger 352 in contact with the display device 50D reflects the light emitted by the light emitting element in the layer 357, the light receiving element in the layer 353 detects the reflected light. Thereby, it is possible to detect that the finger 352 has touched the display device 50D.
- FIG. 44C is an example in which the light receiving element 130S is used as a non-contact sensor. As shown in FIG. 44C, the light emitted by the light emitting element in the layer 357 is reflected by the finger 352 that is close to (that is, not in contact with) the display device 50D, and the light receiving element in the layer 353 reflects the light. Detect light.
- a display device 50E shown in FIG. 45 is an example of a display device to which an MML (metal maskless) structure is applied. That is, the display device 50E has a light emitting element manufactured without using a fine metal mask. Note that the laminated structure from the substrate 151 to the insulating layer 235 and the laminated structure from the protective layer 131 to the substrate 152 are the same as those of the display device 50A, so their explanation will be omitted.
- light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B are provided on an insulating layer 235.
- the light emitting element 130R includes a conductive layer 124R on the insulating layer 235, a conductive layer 126R on the conductive layer 124R, a layer 133R on the conductive layer 126R, a common layer 114 on the layer 133R, and a common electrode on the common layer 114. 115.
- the light emitting element 130R shown in FIG. 45 emits red light (R).
- Layer 133R has a light emitting layer that emits red light.
- the layer 133R and the common layer 114 can be collectively called an EL layer.
- one or both of the conductive layer 124R and the conductive layer 126R can be called a pixel electrode.
- the light emitting element 130G includes a conductive layer 124G on the insulating layer 235, a conductive layer 126G on the conductive layer 124G, a layer 133G on the conductive layer 126G, a common layer 114 on the layer 133G, and a common electrode on the common layer 114. 115.
- the light emitting element 130G shown in FIG. 45 emits green light (G).
- Layer 133G has a light emitting layer that emits green light.
- the layer 133G and the common layer 114 can be collectively called an EL layer.
- one or both of the conductive layer 124G and the conductive layer 126G can be called a pixel electrode.
- the light emitting element 130B includes a conductive layer 124B on the insulating layer 235, a conductive layer 126B on the conductive layer 124B, a layer 133B on the conductive layer 126B, a common layer 114 on the layer 133B, and a common electrode on the common layer 114. 115.
- the light emitting element 130B shown in FIG. 45 emits blue light (B).
- Layer 133B has a light emitting layer that emits blue light.
- the layer 133B and the common layer 114 can be collectively called an EL layer.
- one or both of the conductive layer 124B and the conductive layer 126B can be called a pixel electrode.
- a layer provided in an island shape for each light emitting element is referred to as a layer 133B, a layer 133G, or a layer 133R
- a layer shared by a plurality of light emitting elements is referred to as a layer 133B, a layer 133G, or a layer 133R. It is indicated as a common layer 114.
- the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B may be referred to as an island-shaped EL layer, an island-shaped EL layer, or the like, without including the common layer 114.
- the layer 133R, the layer 133G, and the layer 133B are spaced apart from each other.
- the EL layer in an island shape for each light emitting element, leakage current between adjacent light emitting elements can be suppressed. Thereby, unintended light emission due to crosstalk can be prevented, and a display device with extremely high contrast can be realized.
- the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B are all shown to have the same thickness, but the thickness is not limited to this. The thicknesses of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B may be different.
- the conductive layer 124R is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205R through openings provided in the insulating layer 195 and the insulating layer 235.
- the conductive layer 124G is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205G
- the conductive layer 124B is electrically connected to the conductive layer 112b of the transistor 205B.
- the conductive layers 124R, 124G, and 124B are formed to cover the opening provided in the insulating layer 235.
- a layer 128 is embedded in each of the recesses of the conductive layers 124R, 124G, and 124B.
- the layer 128 has a function of flattening the recessed portions of the conductive layers 124R, 124G, and 124B.
- conductive layers 126R, 126G, 126B are provided which are electrically connected to the conductive layers 124R, 124G, 124B. Therefore, the regions overlapping with the recesses of the conductive layers 124R, 124G, and 124B can also be used as light emitting regions, and the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased. It is preferable to use a conductive layer that functions as a reflective electrode for the conductive layer 124R and the conductive layer 126R.
- the layer 128 may be an insulating layer or a conductive layer.
- various inorganic insulating materials, organic insulating materials, and conductive materials can be used as appropriate.
- layer 128 is preferably formed using an insulating material, and particularly preferably formed using an organic insulating material.
- an organic insulating material that can be used for the above-described insulating layer 237 can be applied to the layer 128.
- FIG. 45 shows an example in which the upper surface of the layer 128 has a flat portion
- the shape of the layer 128 is not particularly limited.
- the top surface of layer 128 can have at least one of a convex curve, a concave curve, and a flat surface.
- the height of the top surface of the layer 128 and the height of the top surface of the conductive layer 124R may match or approximately match, or may be different from each other.
- the height of the top surface of layer 128 may be lower or higher than the height of the top surface of conductive layer 124R.
- the end of the conductive layer 126R may be aligned with the end of the conductive layer 124R, or may cover the side surface of the end of the conductive layer 124R. It is preferable that each end of the conductive layer 124R and the conductive layer 126R has a tapered shape. Specifically, it is preferable that each end of the conductive layer 124R and the conductive layer 126R has a tapered shape with a taper angle of less than 90 degrees. When the end of the pixel electrode has a tapered shape, the layer 133R provided along the side surface of the pixel electrode also has a tapered shape. By tapering the side surfaces of the pixel electrode, it is possible to improve the coverage of the EL layer provided along the side surfaces of the pixel electrode.
- the conductive layers 124G, 126G and the conductive layers 124B, 126B are the same as the conductive layers 124R, 126R, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.
- the top and side surfaces of the conductive layer 126R are covered with a layer 133R.
- the top and side surfaces of conductive layer 126G are covered by layer 133G
- the top and side surfaces of conductive layer 126B are covered by layer 133B. Therefore, the entire region where the conductive layers 126R, 126G, and 126B are provided can be used as the light emitting region of the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B, so that the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased.
- a portion of the upper surface and side surfaces of each of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B are covered with insulating layers 125 and 127.
- a common layer 114 is provided on the layer 133R, layer 133G, layer 133B, and insulating layers 125 and 127, and a common electrode 115 is provided on the common layer 114.
- the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 are each a continuous film provided in common to a plurality of light emitting elements.
- the insulating layer 237 shown in FIG. 41 and the like is not provided between the conductive layer 126R and the layer 133R.
- the display device 50E is not provided with an insulating layer (also referred to as a partition, bank, spacer, etc.) that is in contact with the pixel electrode and covers the upper end of the pixel electrode. Therefore, the interval between adjacent light emitting elements can be made extremely narrow. Therefore, a high-definition or high-resolution display device can be achieved. Further, a mask for forming the insulating layer is not required, and the manufacturing cost of the display device can be reduced.
- the layer 133R, the layer 133G, and the layer 133B each have a light emitting layer. It is preferable that the layer 133R, the layer 133G, and the layer 133B each include a light emitting layer and a carrier transport layer (an electron transport layer or a hole transport layer) on the light emitting layer. Alternatively, each of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B preferably includes a light-emitting layer and a carrier block layer (hole block layer or electron block layer) on the light-emitting layer.
- each of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B preferably includes a light-emitting layer, a carrier block layer on the light-emitting layer, and a carrier transport layer on the carrier block layer. Since the surfaces of the layer 133R, layer 133G, and layer 133B are exposed during the manufacturing process of the display device, by providing one or both of the carrier transport layer and the carrier block layer on the light emitting layer, the light emitting layer is placed on the outermost surface. Exposure can be suppressed and damage to the light emitting layer can be reduced. Thereby, the reliability of the light emitting element can be improved.
- the common layer 114 includes, for example, an electron injection layer or a hole injection layer.
- the common layer 114 may have an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer stacked together, or may have a hole transport layer and a hole injection layer stacked together.
- the common layer 114 is shared by the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B.
- each of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B are covered with an insulating layer 125.
- the insulating layer 127 covers each side surface of the layer 133R, layer 133G, and layer 133B with the insulating layer 125 interposed therebetween.
- the common layer 114 or the common electrode 115
- the pixel electrode By covering the side surfaces (and part of the top surface) of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B with at least one of the insulating layer 125 and the insulating layer 127, the common layer 114 (or the common electrode 115) , the pixel electrode, and the side surfaces of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B, thereby suppressing short-circuiting of the light emitting element. Thereby, the reliability of the light emitting element can be improved.
- the insulating layer 125 is in contact with each side surface of the layer 133R, layer 133G, and layer 133B. With the structure in which the insulating layer 125 is in contact with the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B, peeling of the layers 133R, 133G, and 133B can be prevented, and the reliability of the light-emitting element can be improved.
- the insulating layer 127 is provided on the insulating layer 125 so as to fill the recessed portion of the insulating layer 125.
- the insulating layer 127 covers at least a portion of the side surface of the insulating layer 125.
- the space between adjacent island-like layers can be filled, so that the surface on which layers (for example, carrier injection layer, common electrode, etc.) to be provided on the island-like layer are formed can be It is possible to reduce unevenness with large height differences and make the surface more flat. Therefore, coverage of the carrier injection layer, the common electrode, etc. can be improved.
- layers for example, carrier injection layer, common electrode, etc.
- the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 are provided on the layer 133R, the layer 133G, the layer 133B, the insulating layer 125, and the insulating layer 127.
- the stage before providing the insulating layer 125 and the insulating layer 127 there are a region where the pixel electrode and the island-shaped EL layer are provided, a region where the pixel electrode and the island-like EL layer are not provided (a region between the light emitting elements), There is a difference in level caused by.
- the step can be flattened, and the coverage of the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 can be improved. Therefore, connection failures due to disconnection can be suppressed. Further, it is possible to suppress the common electrode 115 from becoming locally thin due to the step difference, thereby preventing an increase in electrical resistance.
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 has a shape with higher flatness.
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 may have at least one of a flat surface, a convex curved surface, and a concave curved surface.
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 preferably has a convex curved shape with a large radius of curvature.
- the insulating layer 125 can be an insulating layer containing an inorganic material.
- an inorganic insulating film such as an oxide insulating film, a nitride insulating film, an oxynitride insulating film, and a nitride oxide insulating film can be used. Specific examples of these inorganic insulating films are as described above.
- the insulating layer 125 may have a single layer structure or a laminated structure. In particular, aluminum oxide is preferable because it has a high etching selectivity with respect to the EL layer and has a function of protecting the EL layer in forming an insulating layer 127 to be described later.
- the insulating layer 125 has fewer pinholes and has an excellent function of protecting the EL layer. can be formed.
- the insulating layer 125 may have a stacked structure of a film formed by an ALD method and a film formed by a sputtering method.
- the insulating layer 125 may have a laminated structure of, for example, an aluminum oxide film formed by an ALD method and a silicon nitride film formed by a sputtering method.
- the insulating layer 125 preferably has a function as a barrier insulating layer against at least one of water and oxygen. Further, the insulating layer 125 preferably has a function of suppressing diffusion of at least one of water and oxygen. Furthermore, the insulating layer 125 preferably has a function of capturing or fixing (also referred to as gettering) at least one of water and oxygen.
- the insulating layer 125 has a function as a barrier insulating layer or a gettering function, thereby suppressing the intrusion of impurities (typically, at least one of water and oxygen) that can diffuse into each light emitting element from the outside.
- impurities typically, at least one of water and oxygen
- the insulating layer 125 preferably has a low impurity concentration. This can prevent impurities from entering the EL layer from the insulating layer 125 and deteriorating the EL layer. Furthermore, by lowering the impurity concentration in the insulating layer 125, barrier properties against at least one of water and oxygen can be improved. For example, it is desirable that the insulating layer 125 has sufficiently low hydrogen concentration and carbon concentration, preferably both.
- the insulating layer 127 provided on the insulating layer 125 has a function of flattening unevenness with a large height difference on the insulating layer 125 formed between adjacent light emitting elements. In other words, the presence of the insulating layer 127 has the effect of improving the flatness of the surface on which the common electrode 115 is formed.
- an insulating layer containing an organic material can be suitably used. It is preferable to use a photosensitive organic resin as the organic material, and for example, it is preferable to use a photosensitive resin composition containing an acrylic resin. Note that in this specification and the like, acrylic resin does not refer only to polymethacrylic acid ester or methacrylic resin, but may refer to the entire acrylic polymer in a broad sense.
- the insulating layer 127 may be made of acrylic resin, polyimide resin, epoxy resin, imide resin, polyamide resin, polyimide amide resin, silicone resin, siloxane resin, benzocyclobutene resin, phenol resin, precursors of these resins, etc. good. Further, as the insulating layer 127, an organic material such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, or alcohol-soluble polyamide resin may be used. Furthermore, a photoresist may be used as the photosensitive resin. As the photosensitive organic resin, either a positive type material or a negative type material may be used.
- a material that absorbs visible light may be used for the insulating layer 127. Since the insulating layer 127 absorbs light emitted from the light emitting element, light leakage from the light emitting element to an adjacent light emitting element via the insulating layer 127 (stray light) can be suppressed. Thereby, the display quality of the display device can be improved. Furthermore, since display quality can be improved without using a polarizing plate in the display device, a lightweight and thin display device can be realized.
- Materials that absorb visible light include materials that contain pigments such as black, materials that contain dyes, resin materials that have light-absorbing properties (for example, polyimide, etc.), and resin materials that can be used for color filters (color filter materials).
- pigments such as black
- resin materials that contain dyes for example, polyimide, etc.
- resin materials that can be used for color filters color filter materials.
- by mixing color filter materials of three or more colors it is possible to form a black or nearly black resin layer.
- the display device 50F shown in FIG. 46 differs from the display device 50E mainly in that a colored layer (such as a color filter) is provided in each color subpixel.
- a colored layer such as a color filter
- a display device 50F shown in FIG. 46 includes transistors 205D, 205R, 205G, 205B, light emitting elements 130R, 130G, 130B, a colored layer 132R that transmits red light, and a colored layer 132R that transmits green light between the substrate 151 and the substrate 152.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130R is extracted as red light to the outside of the display device 50F via the colored layer 132R.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130G is extracted as green light to the outside of the display device 50F via the colored layer 132G.
- the light emitted from the light emitting element 130B is extracted as blue light to the outside of the display device 50F via the colored layer 132B.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B each have a layer 133. These three layers 133 are formed using the same process and the same material. Furthermore, these three layers 133 are spaced apart from each other. By providing the EL layer in an island shape for each light emitting element, leakage current between adjacent light emitting elements can be suppressed. Thereby, unintended light emission due to crosstalk can be prevented, and a display device with extremely high contrast can be realized.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B shown in FIG. 46 emit white light.
- the white light emitted by the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B passes through the colored layers 132R, 132G, and 132B, so that light of a desired color can be obtained.
- the light emitting elements 130R, 130G, and 130B shown in FIG. 46 emit blue light.
- the layer 133 has one or more light emitting layers that emit blue light.
- the blue light emitted by the light emitting element 130B can be extracted.
- a color conversion layer is provided between the light emitting element 130R or the light emitting element 130G and the substrate 152, so that the light emitting element 130R or 130G is It is possible to convert the emitted blue light into longer wavelength light and extract red or green light.
- a colored layer 132R is provided between the color conversion layer and the substrate 152 on the light emitting element 130R, and a colored layer 132G is provided between the color conversion layer and the substrate 152 on the light emitting element 130G.
- the colored layer absorbs light of a color other than the desired color, thereby increasing the color purity of the light exhibited by the subpixel.
- the display device 50G shown in FIG. 47 is mainly different from the display device 50F in that it is a bottom emission type display device.
- the light emitted by the light emitting element is emitted to the substrate 151 side. It is preferable to use a material that has high transparency to visible light for the substrate 151. On the other hand, the light transmittance of the material used for the substrate 152 does not matter.
- a light shielding layer 117 is formed between the substrate 151 and the transistor.
- a light shielding layer 117 is provided on a substrate 151, an insulating layer 153 is provided on the light blocking layer 117, and a transistor 205D, a transistor 205R (not shown), a transistor 205G, a transistor 205B, etc. are provided on the insulating layer 153.
- a colored layer 132R (not shown), a colored layer 132G, and a colored layer 132B are provided on the insulating layer 195, and an insulating layer 235 is provided on the colored layer 132R (not shown), the colored layer 132G, and the colored layer 132B. provided.
- the light emitting element 130G overlapping the colored layer 132G includes a conductive layer 124G, a conductive layer 126G, an EL layer 113, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115.
- the light emitting element 130B that overlaps the colored layer 132B includes a conductive layer 124B, a conductive layer 126B, an EL layer 113, a common layer 114, and a common electrode 115.
- the conductive layers 124G, 124B, 126G, and 126B are each made of a material that is highly transparent to visible light. It is preferable to use a material that reflects visible light for the common electrode 115. In a bottom emission type display device, a metal or the like with low resistivity can be used for the common electrode 115, so it is possible to suppress a voltage drop caused by the electrical resistance of the common electrode 115, and achieve high display quality.
- the transistor of one embodiment of the present invention can be miniaturized and occupy a small area; therefore, in a display device with a bottom emission structure, the aperture ratio of a pixel can be increased or the size of a pixel can be reduced.
- FIG. 48 shows cross-sectional views of three light emitting elements included in the display section 162 and the connection section 140 in each step.
- a vacuum process such as a vapor deposition method, and a solution process such as a spin coating method or an inkjet method can be used to manufacture a light emitting element.
- the vapor deposition method include physical vapor deposition methods (PVD method) such as sputtering method, ion plating method, ion beam vapor deposition method, molecular beam vapor deposition method, and vacuum vapor deposition method, and chemical vapor deposition method (CVD method).
- PVD method physical vapor deposition methods
- CVD method chemical vapor deposition method
- the functional layers (hole injection layer, hole transport layer, hole block layer, light emitting layer, electron block layer, electron transport layer, electron injection layer, charge generation layer, etc.) included in the EL layer are formed using the vapor deposition method ( vacuum evaporation method, etc.), coating method (dip coating method, die coating method, bar coating method, spin coating method, spray coating method, etc.), printing method (inkjet method, screen (stencil printing) method, offset (lithographic printing) method, It can be formed by a method such as a flexo (letterpress printing) method, a gravure method, or a microcontact method.
- the island-like layer (layer containing a light-emitting layer) manufactured by the method for manufacturing a display device described below is not formed using a fine metal mask, but is formed by forming a light-emitting layer over one surface and then It is formed by processing using a lithography method. Therefore, it is possible to realize a high-definition display device or a display device with a high aperture ratio, which has been difficult to realize up to now. Furthermore, since the light-emitting layer can be made separately for each color, a display device with extremely brightness, high contrast, and high display quality can be realized. Furthermore, by providing a sacrificial layer over the light-emitting layer, damage to the light-emitting layer during the manufacturing process of a display device can be reduced, and reliability of the light-emitting element can be improved.
- a display device is composed of three types of light-emitting elements: a light-emitting element that emits blue light, a light-emitting element that emits green light, and a light-emitting element that emits red light
- the film formation of the light-emitting layer and the photolithography By repeating the processing three times, three types of island-shaped light emitting layers can be formed.
- pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, 111B and a conductive layer 123 are formed on a substrate 151 on which transistors 205R, 205G, 205B, etc. (not shown) are provided. ( Figure 48A).
- a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method can be used to form the conductive film that will become the pixel electrode.
- the pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, and 111B and the conductive layer 123 can be formed by forming a resist mask on the conductive film by a photolithography process and then processing the conductive film.
- a wet etching method and a dry etching method can be used for processing the conductive film.
- Film 133Bf which will later become a layer 133B, is formed on the pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, and 111B (FIG. 48A).
- Film 133Bf (later layer 133B) includes a light-emitting layer that emits blue light.
- an example will be described in which an island-shaped EL layer of a light-emitting element that emits blue light is first formed, and then an island-shaped EL layer of a light-emitting element that emits light of another color is formed. show.
- the pixel electrodes of the light emitting elements of the second and subsequent colors may be damaged by the previous step. As a result, the driving voltage of the light-emitting elements of the second and subsequent colors may become higher.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention it is preferable to manufacture the display device from an island-shaped EL layer of a light-emitting element that emits light with the shortest wavelength (for example, a blue light-emitting element).
- the island-shaped EL layers be produced in the order of blue, green, and red, or in the order of blue, red, and green.
- the state of the interface between the pixel electrode and the EL layer in the blue light emitting element can be maintained in good condition, and the driving voltage of the blue light emitting element can be prevented from increasing. Furthermore, the life of the blue light emitting element can be extended and its reliability can be improved. Note that red and green light emitting elements are less affected by increases in driving voltage than blue light emitting elements, so the driving voltage of the entire display device can be lowered and reliability can be increased.
- the order in which the island-shaped EL layers are produced is not limited to the above, and may be, for example, in the order of red, green, and blue.
- the film 133Bf is not formed on the conductive layer 123.
- the film 133Bf can be formed only in a desired region.
- a light emitting element can be manufactured through a relatively simple process.
- the heat resistance temperature of each compound contained in the film 133Bf is preferably 100°C or more and 180°C or less, preferably 120°C or more and 180°C or less, and more preferably 140°C or more and 180°C or less.
- the reliability of the light emitting element can be improved.
- the upper limit of the temperature that can be applied in the manufacturing process of a display device can be increased. Therefore, the range of selection of materials and forming methods used in the display device can be expanded, and yield and reliability can be improved.
- the heat-resistant temperature can be, for example, any one of the glass transition point, softening point, melting point, thermal decomposition temperature, and 5% weight loss temperature, preferably the lowest temperature among these.
- the film 133Bf can be formed by, for example, a vapor deposition method, specifically, a vacuum vapor deposition method. Further, the film 133Bf may be formed by a method such as a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, or a coating method.
- a sacrificial layer 118B is formed on the film 133Bf and the conductive layer 123 (FIG. 48A).
- the sacrificial layer 118B can be formed by forming a resist mask on the film to be the sacrificial layer 118B by a photolithography process and then processing the film.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is preferably provided so as to cover each end of the pixel electrodes 111R, 111G, and 111B.
- the end of the layer 133B to be formed in a later step is located outside the end of the pixel electrode 111B. Since the entire upper surface of the pixel electrode 111B can be used as a light emitting region, the aperture ratio of the pixel can be increased. Further, since the end of the layer 133B may be damaged in a step after forming the layer 133B, it is preferable to be located outside the end of the pixel electrode 111B, that is, not to use it as a light emitting region. Thereby, variations in characteristics of the light emitting elements can be suppressed and reliability can be improved.
- each step after forming the layer 133B can be performed without exposing the pixel electrode 111B. If the end of the pixel electrode 111B is exposed, corrosion may occur during an etching process or the like. By suppressing corrosion of the pixel electrode 111B, the yield and characteristics of the light emitting element can be improved.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is also provided at a position overlapping the conductive layer 123. This can prevent the conductive layer 123 from being damaged during the manufacturing process of the display device.
- a film with high resistance to the processing conditions of the film 133Bf specifically, a film with a high etching selectivity with respect to the film 133Bf is used.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is formed at a temperature lower than the allowable temperature limit of each compound included in the film 133Bf.
- the substrate temperature when forming the sacrificial layer 118B is typically 200°C or lower, preferably 150°C or lower, more preferably 120°C or lower, more preferably 100°C or lower, and even more preferably 80°C or lower. be.
- the heat resistant temperature of the compound included in the film 133Bf is high because the temperature at which the sacrificial layer 118B is formed can be increased.
- the substrate temperature when forming the sacrificial layer 118B can be set to 100° C. or higher, 120° C. or higher, or 140° C. or higher.
- a sputtering method for example, a sputtering method, an ALD method (including a thermal ALD method and a PEALD method), a CVD method, or a vacuum evaporation method can be used.
- the film may be formed using the wet film forming method described above.
- the sacrificial layer 118B (if the sacrificial layer 118B has a layered structure, the layer provided in contact with the film 133Bf) is preferably formed using a formation method that causes less damage to the film 133Bf. For example, it is preferable to use an ALD method or a vacuum evaporation method rather than a sputtering method.
- the sacrificial layer 118B can be processed by a wet etching method or a dry etching method.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is preferably processed by anisotropic etching.
- the wet etching method By using the wet etching method, it is possible to reduce damage to the film 133Bf when processing the sacrificial layer 118B, compared to when using the dry etching method.
- a developer for example, a developer, a tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) aqueous solution, dilute hydrofluoric acid, oxalic acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, nitric acid, or a mixed solution containing two or more of these can be used.
- TMAH tetramethylammonium hydroxide
- a mixed acid chemical solution containing water, phosphoric acid, dilute hydrofluoric acid, and nitric acid may be used.
- the chemical solution used in the wet etching process may be alkaline or acidic.
- the sacrificial layer 118B for example, one or more of a metal film, an alloy film, a metal oxide film, a semiconductor film, an inorganic insulating film, and an organic insulating film can be used.
- the sacrificial layer 118B includes, for example, a metal material such as gold, silver, platinum, magnesium, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, palladium, titanium, aluminum, yttrium, zirconium, and tantalum, or the metal. Alloy materials including materials can be used.
- the sacrificial layer 118B includes In-Ga-Zn oxide, indium oxide, In-Zn oxide, In-Sn oxide, indium titanium oxide (In-Ti oxide), and indium tin zinc oxide (In-Sn -Zn oxide), indium titanium zinc oxide (In-Ti-Zn oxide), indium gallium tin zinc oxide (In-Ga-Sn-Zn oxide), and indium tin oxide containing silicon. objects can be used.
- the element M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten
- M is aluminum, silicon, boron, yttrium, copper, vanadium, beryllium, titanium, iron, nickel, germanium, zirconium, molybdenum, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten
- a semiconductor material such as silicon or germanium can be used as a material that is highly compatible with semiconductor manufacturing processes.
- oxides or nitrides of the above semiconductor materials can be used.
- a nonmetallic material such as carbon or a compound thereof can be used.
- metals such as titanium, tantalum, tungsten, chromium, and aluminum, or alloys containing one or more of these may be used.
- oxides containing the above metals, such as titanium oxide or chromium oxide, or nitrides, such as titanium nitride, chromium nitride, or tantalum nitride, can be used.
- Various inorganic insulating films that can be used for the protective layer 131 can be used as the sacrificial layer 118B.
- an oxide insulating film is preferable because it has higher adhesion to the film 133Bf than a nitride insulating film.
- an inorganic insulating material such as aluminum oxide, hafnium oxide, silicon oxide, etc. can be used for the sacrificial layer 118B.
- an aluminum oxide film can be formed using, for example, an ALD method. It is preferable to use the ALD method because damage to the underlying layer (particularly the film 133Bf) can be reduced.
- an inorganic insulating film for example, an aluminum oxide film
- an inorganic film for example, an In-Ga-Zn oxide film, a silicon film, or a tungsten film
- the same inorganic insulating film can be used for both the sacrificial layer 118B and the insulating layer 125 that will be formed later.
- an aluminum oxide film formed using an ALD method can be used for both the sacrificial layer 118B and the insulating layer 125.
- the same film forming conditions may be applied to the sacrificial layer 118B and the insulating layer 125, or different film forming conditions may be applied to the sacrificial layer 118B and the insulating layer 125.
- the sacrificial layer 118B can be an insulating layer with high barrier properties against at least one of water and oxygen.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is a layer that will be mostly or completely removed in a later step, it is preferably easy to process. Therefore, the sacrificial layer 118B is preferably formed under conditions where the substrate temperature during film formation is lower than that of the insulating layer 125.
- An organic material may be used for the sacrificial layer 118B.
- a material that can be dissolved in a solvent that is chemically stable for at least the film located at the top of the film 133Bf may be used.
- materials that dissolve in water or alcohol can be suitably used.
- the material be dissolved in a solvent such as water or alcohol, applied by a wet film forming method, and then heat treated to evaporate the solvent. At this time, by performing heat treatment under a reduced pressure atmosphere, the solvent can be removed at low temperature and in a short time, so thermal damage to the film 133Bf can be reduced, which is preferable.
- the sacrificial layer 118B is made of an organic resin such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinyl butyral, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, polyglycerin, pullulan, water-soluble cellulose, alcohol-soluble polyamide resin, or fluororesin such as perfluoropolymer. may also be used.
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- polyvinyl butyral polyvinylpyrrolidone
- polyethylene glycol polyglycerin
- pullulan polyethylene glycol
- polyglycerin polyglycerin
- pullulan polyethylene glycol
- pullulan polyglycerin
- water-soluble cellulose water-soluble cellulose
- alcohol-soluble polyamide resin or fluororesin such as perfluoropolymer.
- an organic film e.g., PVA film
- an inorganic film e.g., silicon nitride film
- part of the sacrificial film may remain as a sacrificial layer.
- the film 133Bf is processed to form a layer 133B (FIG. 48B).
- the laminated structure of the layer 133B and the sacrificial layer 118B remains on the pixel electrode 111B. Further, the pixel electrode 111R and the pixel electrode 111G are exposed. Further, in a region corresponding to the connection portion 140, the sacrificial layer 118B remains on the conductive layer 123.
- the processing of the film 133Bf is preferably performed by anisotropic etching.
- anisotropic dry etching is preferred.
- wet etching may be used.
- the layer 133R is formed to include a light emitting layer that emits red light
- the layer 133G is formed to include a light emitting layer that emits green light.
- Materials that can be used for the sacrificial layer 118B can be used for the sacrificial layers 118R and 118G, and the same material or different materials may be used for both.
- the side surfaces of the layers 133B, 133G, and 133R are preferably perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the surface on which they are formed.
- the angle between the surface to be formed and these side surfaces be 60 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.
- the distance between two adjacent layers 133B, 133G, and 133R formed using the photolithography method is 8 ⁇ m or less, 5 ⁇ m or less, 3 ⁇ m or less, 2 ⁇ m or less, or 1 ⁇ m or less. It can be narrowed down to Here, the distance can be defined as, for example, the distance between two adjacent opposing ends of the layer 133B, the layer 133G, and the layer 133R. In this way, by narrowing the distance between the island-shaped EL layers, a display device with high definition and a large aperture ratio can be provided.
- an insulating film 125f that will later become the insulating layer 125 is formed so as to cover the pixel electrode, the layer 133B, the layer 133G, the layer 133R, the sacrificial layer 118B, the sacrificial layer 118G, and the sacrificial layer 118R, and on the insulating film 125f.
- An insulating layer 127 is formed (FIG. 48D).
- the insulating film 125f it is preferable to form an insulating film having a thickness of 3 nm or more, 5 nm or more, or 10 nm or more, and 200 nm or less, 150 nm or less, 100 nm or less, or 50 nm or less.
- the insulating film 125f is preferably formed using, for example, an ALD method. It is preferable to use the ALD method because damage to the film can be reduced and a film with high coverage can be formed. As the insulating film 125f, it is preferable to form an aluminum oxide film using, for example, an ALD method.
- the insulating film 125f may be formed using a sputtering method, a CVD method, or a PECVD method, which has a faster deposition rate than the ALD method. Thereby, a highly reliable display device can be manufactured with high productivity.
- the insulating film that becomes the insulating layer 127 is preferably formed by the above-mentioned wet film forming method (for example, spin coating) using, for example, a photosensitive resin composition containing an acrylic resin.
- a photosensitive resin composition containing an acrylic resin After film formation, it is preferable to perform heat treatment (also referred to as pre-baking) to remove the solvent contained in the insulating film.
- heat treatment also referred to as pre-baking
- a part of the insulating film is exposed to light by irradiating visible light or ultraviolet rays.
- development is performed to remove the exposed area of the insulating film.
- heat treatment also referred to as post-bake
- the insulating layer 127 shown in FIG. 48D can be formed.
- the shape of the insulating layer 127 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. 48D.
- the upper surface of the insulating layer 127 may have one or more of a convex curved surface, a concave curved surface, and a flat surface.
- the insulating layer 127 may cover the side surface of at least one end of the insulating layer 125, the sacrificial layer 118B, the sacrificial layer 118G, and the sacrificial layer 118R.
- etching is performed using the insulating layer 127 as a mask to remove the insulating film 125f and parts of the sacrificial layers 118B, 118G, and 118R.
- openings are formed in each of the sacrificial layers 118B, 118G, and 118R, and the upper surfaces of the layers 133B, 133G, 133R, and conductive layer 123 are exposed.
- a portion of the sacrificial layers 118B, 118G, and 118R may remain at positions overlapping with the insulating layer 127 and the insulating layer 125 (see sacrificial layers 119B, 119G, and 119R).
- the etching process can be performed by dry etching or wet etching. Note that it is preferable if the insulating film 125f is formed using the same material as the sacrificial layers 118B, 118G, and 118R because the etching process can be performed at once.
- the portions divided into the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 are created between each light emitting element. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of connection failures caused by , and increases in electrical resistance caused by locally thinner parts. Thereby, the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can improve display quality.
- the common layer 114 and the common electrode 115 are formed in this order on the insulating layer 127, layer 133B, layer 133G, and layer 133R (FIG. 48F).
- the common layer 114 can be formed by a method such as a vapor deposition method (including a vacuum vapor deposition method), a transfer method, a printing method, an inkjet method, a coating method, or the like.
- the common electrode 115 for example, a sputtering method or a vacuum evaporation method can be used. Alternatively, a film formed by vapor deposition and a film formed by sputtering may be stacked.
- the island-shaped layer 133B, the island-shaped layer 133G, and the island-shaped layer 133R are not formed using a fine metal mask. Since it is formed by depositing a film over one surface and processing the film, it is possible to form an island-like layer with a uniform thickness. Then, a high-definition display device or a display device with a high aperture ratio can be realized. Furthermore, even if the definition or aperture ratio is high and the distance between subpixels is extremely short, it is possible to suppress the layers 133B, 133G, and 133R from coming into contact with each other in adjacent subpixels. Therefore, generation of leakage current between subpixels can be suppressed. Thereby, unintended light emission due to crosstalk can be prevented, and a display device with extremely high contrast can be realized.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can achieve both high definition and high display quality.
- the electronic device of this embodiment includes the display device of one embodiment of the present invention in the display portion.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can easily achieve high definition and high resolution. Therefore, it can be used in display units of various electronic devices.
- Examples of electronic devices include electronic devices with relatively large screens such as televisions, desktop or notebook computers, computer monitors, digital signage, and large game machines such as pachinko machines, as well as digital cameras, Examples include digital video cameras, digital photo frames, mobile phones, portable game machines, personal digital assistants, and sound playback devices.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can improve definition, so it can be suitably used for electronic devices having a relatively small display portion.
- electronic devices include wristwatch-type and bracelet-type information terminals (wearable devices), VR devices such as head-mounted displays, glasses-type AR devices, MR devices, and other head-mounted devices. Examples include wearable devices that can be attached to the device.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes HD (number of pixels 1280 x 720), FHD (number of pixels 1920 x 1080), WQHD (number of pixels 2560 x 1440), WQXGA (number of pixels 2560 x 1600), and 4K (number of pixels It is preferable to have an extremely high resolution such as 3840 ⁇ 2160) or 8K (pixel count 7680 ⁇ 4320). In particular, it is preferable to set the resolution to 4K, 8K, or higher.
- the pixel density (definition) in the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is preferably 100 ppi or more, preferably 300 ppi or more, more preferably 500 ppi or more, more preferably 1000 ppi or more, more preferably 2000 ppi or more, and 3000 ppi or more. More preferably, it is 5000 ppi or more, and even more preferably 7000 ppi or more.
- the display device can support various screen ratios such as 1:1 (square), 4:3, 16:9, and 16:10.
- the electronic device of this embodiment includes sensors (force, displacement, position, speed, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage). , power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, tilt, vibration, odor, or infrared radiation).
- the electronic device of this embodiment can have various functions. For example, functions that display various information (still images, videos, text images, etc.) on the display, touch panel functions, calendars, functions that display date or time, etc., functions that execute various software (programs), wireless communication. It can have a function, a function of reading a program or data recorded on a recording medium, etc.
- FIGS. 49A to 49D An example of a wearable device that can be worn on the head will be described with reference to FIGS. 49A to 49D.
- These wearable devices have at least one of a function of displaying AR content, a function of displaying VR content, a function of displaying SR content, and a function of displaying MR content.
- an electronic device has a function of displaying at least one content such as AR, VR, SR, and MR, it becomes possible to enhance the user's immersive feeling.
- the electronic device 700A shown in FIG. 49A and the electronic device 700B shown in FIG. 49B each include a pair of display panels 751, a pair of casings 721, a communication section (not shown), and a pair of mounting sections 723. It has a control section (not shown), an imaging section (not shown), a pair of optical members 753, a frame 757, and a pair of nose pads 758.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display panel 751. Therefore, an electronic device capable of extremely high definition display can be achieved.
- the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B can each project the image displayed on the display panel 751 onto the display area 756 of the optical member 753. Since the optical member 753 has translucency, the user can see the image displayed in the display area superimposed on the transmitted image visually recognized through the optical member 753. Therefore, the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B are each electronic devices capable of AR display.
- the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B may be provided with a camera capable of capturing an image of the front as an imaging unit. Further, the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B are each equipped with an acceleration sensor such as a gyro sensor to detect the direction of the user's head and display an image corresponding to the direction in the display area 756. You can also.
- an acceleration sensor such as a gyro sensor to detect the direction of the user's head and display an image corresponding to the direction in the display area 756. You can also.
- the communication unit has a wireless communication device, and can supply video signals and the like through the wireless communication device.
- a connector to which a cable to which a video signal and a power supply potential are supplied may be connected may be provided.
- the electronic device 700A and the electronic device 700B are provided with batteries (not shown), and can be charged wirelessly and/or by wire.
- the housing 721 may be provided with a touch sensor module.
- the touch sensor module has a function of detecting that the outer surface of the housing 721 is touched.
- the touch sensor module can detect a user's tap operation, slide operation, etc., and execute various processes. For example, a tap operation can be used to pause or restart a video, and a slide operation can be used to fast forward or rewind. Further, by providing a touch sensor module in each of the two housings 721, the range of operations can be expanded.
- touch sensors can be applied as the touch sensor module.
- various methods such as a capacitance method, a resistive film method, an infrared method, an electromagnetic induction method, a surface acoustic wave method, an optical method, etc. can be adopted.
- a photoelectric conversion element When using an optical touch sensor, a photoelectric conversion element can be used as the light receiving element.
- the active layer of the photoelectric conversion element one or both of an inorganic semiconductor and an organic semiconductor can be used.
- the electronic device 800A shown in FIG. 49C and the electronic device 800B shown in FIG. 49D each include a pair of display sections 820, a housing 821, a communication section 822, a pair of mounting sections 823, a control section 824, It has a pair of imaging units 825 and a pair of lenses 832. Note that the display section 820, communication section 822, and imaging section 825 are omitted in FIG. 49D.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 820. Therefore, an electronic device capable of extremely high definition display can be achieved. This allows the user to feel highly immersive.
- the display section 820 is provided inside the housing 821 at a position where it can be viewed through the lens 832. Furthermore, by displaying different images on the pair of display units 820, three-dimensional display using parallax can be performed.
- the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B can each be said to be an electronic device for VR.
- a user wearing the electronic device 800A or the electronic device 800B can view the image displayed on the display unit 820 through the lens 832.
- the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B each have a mechanism that can adjust the left and right positions of the lens 832 and the display unit 820 so that they are in optimal positions according to the position of the user's eyes. It is preferable that you do so. Further, it is preferable to have a mechanism for adjusting the focus by changing the distance between the lens 832 and the display section 820.
- the mounting portion 823 allows the user to wear the electronic device 800A or the electronic device 800B on the head.
- the shape is illustrated as a temple (also referred to as a temple) of glasses, but the shape is not limited to this.
- the mounting portion 823 only needs to be able to be worn by the user, and may have a helmet-shaped or band-shaped shape, for example.
- the imaging unit 825 has a function of acquiring external information.
- the data acquired by the imaging unit 825 can be output to the display unit 820.
- An image sensor can be used for the imaging unit 825.
- a plurality of cameras may be provided so as to be able to handle a plurality of angles of view such as telephoto and wide angle.
- a distance measuring sensor (hereinafter also referred to as a detection unit) that can measure the distance to an object may be provided. That is, the imaging unit 825 is one aspect of a detection unit.
- the detection unit for example, an image sensor or a distance image sensor such as LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) can be used. By using the image obtained by the camera and the image obtained by the distance image sensor, more information can be obtained and more precise gesture operations can be performed.
- LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging
- the electronic device 800A may have a vibration mechanism that functions as a bone conduction earphone.
- a configuration having the vibration mechanism can be applied to one or more of the display section 820, the housing 821, and the mounting section 823.
- the user can enjoy video and audio simply by wearing the electronic device 800A without requiring additional audio equipment such as headphones, earphones, or speakers.
- the electronic device 800A and the electronic device 800B may each have an input terminal.
- a cable for supplying a video signal from a video output device or the like and power for charging a battery provided in the electronic device can be connected to the input terminal.
- An electronic device may have a function of wirelessly communicating with the earphone 750.
- Earphone 750 includes a communication section (not shown) and has a wireless communication function.
- Earphone 750 can receive information (eg, audio data) from an electronic device using a wireless communication function.
- electronic device 700A shown in FIG. 49A has a function of transmitting information to earphone 750 using a wireless communication function.
- electronic device 800A shown in FIG. 49C has a function of transmitting information to earphone 750 using a wireless communication function.
- the electronic device may have an earphone section.
- Electronic device 700B shown in FIG. 49B includes earphone section 727.
- the earphone section 727 and the control section can be configured to be connected to each other by wire.
- a portion of the wiring connecting the earphone section 727 and the control section may be arranged inside the housing 721 or the mounting section 723.
- electronic device 800B shown in FIG. 49D has an earphone section 827.
- the earphone section 827 and the control section 824 can be configured to be connected to each other by wire.
- a part of the wiring connecting the earphone section 827 and the control section 824 may be arranged inside the housing 821 or the mounting section 823.
- the earphone section 827 and the mounting section 823 may include magnets. Thereby, the earphone part 827 can be fixed to the mounting part 823 by magnetic force, which is preferable because storage becomes easy.
- the electronic device may have an audio output terminal to which earphones, headphones, or the like can be connected. Further, the electronic device may have one or both of an audio input terminal and an audio input mechanism.
- the audio input mechanism for example, a sound collection device such as a microphone can be used.
- the electronic device may be provided with a function as a so-called headset.
- both glasses type (electronic device 700A and electronic device 700B, etc.) and goggle type (electronic device 800A and electronic device 800B, etc.) are suitable for the electronic device of one embodiment of the present invention. It is.
- An electronic device can transmit information to earphones by wire or wirelessly.
- An electronic device 6500 shown in FIG. 50A is a portable information terminal that can be used as a smartphone.
- the electronic device 6500 includes a housing 6501, a display portion 6502, a power button 6503, a button 6504, a speaker 6505, a microphone 6506, a camera 6507, and a light source 6508.
- the display section 6502 has a touch panel function.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 6502.
- FIG. 50B is a schematic cross-sectional view including the end of the housing 6501 on the microphone 6506 side.
- a light-transmitting protective member 6510 is provided on the display surface side of the housing 6501, and a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, a touch sensor panel 6513, and a print are placed in a space surrounded by the housing 6501 and the protective member 6510.
- a board 6517, a battery 6518, and the like are arranged.
- a display panel 6511, an optical member 6512, and a touch sensor panel 6513 are fixed to the protective member 6510 with an adhesive layer (not shown).
- a part of the display panel 6511 is folded back, and an FPC 6515 is connected to the folded part.
- An IC6516 is mounted on the FPC6515.
- the FPC 6515 is connected to a terminal provided on a printed circuit board 6517.
- a flexible display of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display panel 6511. Therefore, extremely lightweight electronic equipment can be realized. Furthermore, since the display panel 6511 is extremely thin, a large-capacity battery 6518 can be mounted while suppressing the thickness of the electronic device. Moreover, by folding back a part of the display panel 6511 and arranging the connection part with the FPC 6515 on the back side of the pixel part, an electronic device with a narrow frame can be realized.
- a television device 7100 has a display section 7000 built into a housing 7101. Here, a configuration in which a casing 7101 is supported by a stand 7103 is shown.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.
- the television device 7100 shown in FIG. 50C can be operated using an operation switch included in the housing 7101 and a separate remote controller 7111.
- the display section 7000 may include a touch sensor, and the television device 7100 may be operated by touching the display section 7000 with a finger or the like.
- the remote control device 7111 may have a display unit that displays information output from the remote control device 7111. Using operation keys or a touch panel included in the remote controller 7111, the channel and volume can be controlled, and the image displayed on the display section 7000 can be controlled.
- the television device 7100 is configured to include a receiver, a modem, and the like.
- the receiver can receive general television broadcasts. Also, by connecting to a wired or wireless communication network via a modem, information can be communicated in one direction (from the sender to the receiver) or in both directions (between the sender and the receiver, or between the receivers, etc.). is also possible.
- FIG. 50D shows an example of a notebook computer.
- the notebook computer 7200 includes a housing 7211, a keyboard 7212, a pointing device 7213, an external connection port 7214, and the like.
- a display unit 7000 is incorporated into the housing 7211.
- a display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.
- FIGS. 50E and 50F An example of digital signage is shown in FIGS. 50E and 50F.
- the digital signage 7300 shown in FIG. 50E includes a housing 7301, a display section 7000, a speaker 7303, and the like. Furthermore, it can have an LED lamp, an operation key (including a power switch or an operation switch), a connection terminal, various sensors, a microphone, and the like.
- FIG. 50F shows a digital signage 7400 attached to a cylindrical pillar 7401.
- Digital signage 7400 has a display section 7000 provided along the curved surface of pillar 7401.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 7000.
- the wider the display section 7000 is, the more information that can be provided at once can be increased. Furthermore, the wider the display section 7000 is, the easier it is to attract people's attention, and for example, the effectiveness of advertising can be increased.
- a touch panel By applying a touch panel to the display section 7000, not only images or videos can be displayed on the display section 7000, but also the user can operate it intuitively, which is preferable. Further, when used for providing information such as route information or traffic information, usability can be improved by intuitive operation.
- the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can cooperate with an information terminal 7311 or an information terminal 7411 such as a smartphone owned by the user by wireless communication.
- advertisement information displayed on the display unit 7000 can be displayed on the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411.
- the display on the display unit 7000 can be switched.
- the digital signage 7300 or the digital signage 7400 can execute a game using the screen of the information terminal 7311 or the information terminal 7411 as an operation means (controller). This allows an unspecified number of users to participate in and enjoy the game at the same time.
- the electronic device shown in FIGS. 51A to 51G includes a housing 9000, a display section 9001, a speaker 9003, an operation key 9005 (including a power switch or an operation switch), a connection terminal 9006, and a sensor 9007 (force, displacement, position, speed). , acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, magnetism, temperature, chemical substances, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, tilt, vibration, odor, or infrared rays. , detection, or measurement), a microphone 9008, and the like.
- the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can be applied to the display portion 9001.
- the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 51A to 51G have various functions. For example, functions that display various information (still images, videos, text images, etc.) on the display, touch panel functions, calendars, functions that display date or time, etc., functions that control processing using various software (programs), It can have a wireless communication function, a function of reading and processing programs or data recorded on a recording medium, and the like. Note that the functions of the electronic device are not limited to these, and can have various functions.
- the electronic device may have multiple display units.
- the electronic device may be equipped with a camera, etc., and may have the function of taking still images or videos and saving them on a recording medium (external or built-in to the camera), the function of displaying the taken images on a display unit, etc. .
- FIGS. 51A to 51G The details of the electronic device shown in FIGS. 51A to 51G will be described below.
- FIG. 51A is a perspective view showing the mobile information terminal 9101.
- the mobile information terminal 9101 can be used as, for example, a smartphone.
- the mobile information terminal 9101 may be provided with a speaker 9003, a connection terminal 9006, a sensor 9007, and the like.
- the mobile information terminal 9101 can display text and image information on multiple surfaces thereof.
- FIG. 51A shows an example in which three icons 9050 are displayed.
- information 9051 indicated by a dashed rectangle can also be displayed on another surface of the display section 9001. Examples of the information 9051 include notification of incoming e-mail, SNS, telephone, etc., title of e-mail or SNS, sender's name, date and time, remaining battery level, radio wave strength, and the like.
- an icon 9050 or the like may be displayed at the position where the information 9051 is displayed.
- FIG. 51B is a perspective view showing the mobile information terminal 9102.
- the mobile information terminal 9102 has a function of displaying information on three or more sides of the display unit 9001.
- information 9052, information 9053, and information 9054 are displayed on different surfaces.
- the user can check the information 9053 displayed at a position visible from above the mobile information terminal 9102 while storing the mobile information terminal 9102 in the chest pocket of clothes. The user can check the display without taking out the mobile information terminal 9102 from his pocket and determine, for example, whether to accept a call.
- FIG. 51C is a perspective view showing the tablet terminal 9103.
- the tablet terminal 9103 is capable of executing various applications such as mobile phone calls, e-mail, text viewing and creation, music playback, Internet communication, and computer games, for example.
- the tablet terminal 9103 has a display section 9001, a camera 9002, a microphone 9008, and a speaker 9003 on the front of the housing 9000, an operation key 9005 as an operation button on the side of the housing 9000, and a connection terminal 9006 on the bottom. has.
- FIG. 51D is a perspective view showing a wristwatch-type mobile information terminal 9200.
- the mobile information terminal 9200 can be used, for example, as a smart watch (registered trademark).
- the display portion 9001 is provided with a curved display surface, and can perform display along the curved display surface.
- the mobile information terminal 9200 can also make a hands-free call by mutually communicating with a headset capable of wireless communication, for example.
- the mobile information terminal 9200 can also perform data transmission and charging with other information terminals through the connection terminal 9006. Note that the charging operation may be performed by wireless power supply.
- FIGS. 51E and 51G are perspective views showing a foldable portable information terminal 9201. Further, FIG. 51E is a perspective view of the portable information terminal 9201 in an unfolded state, FIG. 51G in a folded state, and FIG. 51F in a state in the middle of changing from one of FIGS. 51E and 51G to the other.
- the portable information terminal 9201 has excellent portability in the folded state, and has excellent display visibility due to its wide seamless display area in the unfolded state.
- a display portion 9001 included in a mobile information terminal 9201 is supported by three casings 9000 connected by hinges 9055.
- the display portion 9001 can be bent with a radius of curvature of 0.1 mm or more and 150 mm or less.
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Abstract
Description
図2は、半導体装置の一例を示す斜視図である。
図3A及び図3Bは、半導体装置の構成を示す斜視図である。
図4A及び図4Bは、半導体装置の構成を示す斜視図である。
図5は、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図6Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図6Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図7A及び図7Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図8Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図8B及び図8Cは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図9A乃至図9Cは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図10A及び図10Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図11A及び図11Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図12は、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図13A及び図13Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図14A及び図14Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図15Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図15Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図16Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図16B及び図16Cは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図17Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図17Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図18A及び図18Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図19A及び図19Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図20Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図20B及び図20Cは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図21Aは、半導体装置の一例を示す上面図である。図21B及び図21Cは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図22A及び図22Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図23A及び図23Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図24A及び図24Bは、半導体装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図25A乃至図25Eは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図26A乃至図26Dは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図27A乃至図27Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図28A乃至図28Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図29A乃至図29Dは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図30A乃至図30Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図31A乃至図31Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図32A及び図32Bは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図33A乃至図33Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図34は、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図35A乃至図35Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図36A乃至図36Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図37A乃至図37Cは、半導体装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図38Aは、表示装置の一例を示す斜視図である。図38Bは、表示装置のブロック図である。
図39Aは、ラッチ回路の回路図である。図39Bは、インバータ回路の回路図である。
図40A及び図40Bは、画素回路の回路図である。図40Cは、画素回路の一例を示す断面図である。
図41は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図42は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図43は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図44A乃至図44Cは、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図45は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図46は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図47は、表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。
図48A乃至図48Fは、表示装置の作製方法の一例を示す断面図である。
図49A乃至図49Dは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
図50A乃至図50Fは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
図51A乃至図51Gは、電子機器の一例を示す図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置について、図1乃至図24を用いて説明する。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置について、説明する。半導体装置10の上面図(平面図ともいう)を、図1Aに示す。図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図を図1Bに示し、一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図を図1Cに示す。半導体装置10の斜視図を、図2に示す。半導体装置10の一部の構成要素を抜粋した斜視図を、図3A乃至図4Bに示す。なお、図1Aにおいて、半導体装置10の構成要素の一部(絶縁層等)を省略している。半導体装置の上面図については、以降の図面においても図1Aと同様に、構成要素の一部を省略する。また、図2乃至図4Bにおいて、絶縁層を透過させ、輪郭を破線で示している。
半導体層108及び半導体層208に用いる半導体材料は、特に限定されない。例えば、単体元素よりなる半導体、または化合物半導体を用いることができる。単体元素よりなる半導体として、例えば、シリコン、及びゲルマニウムが挙げられる。化合物半導体として、例えば、ヒ化ガリウム、及びシリコンゲルマニウムが挙げられる。その他、化合物半導体として、例えば、有機半導体、窒化物半導体、及び酸化物半導体が挙げられる。なお、これらの半導体材料に、ドーパントとして不純物が含まれてもよい。
絶縁層110を構成する各層には、無機絶縁膜を用いることが好ましい。無機絶縁膜として、例えば、酸化絶縁膜、窒化絶縁膜、酸化窒化絶縁膜、及び窒化酸化絶縁膜が挙げられる。酸化絶縁膜として、例えば、酸化シリコン膜、酸化アルミニウム膜、酸化マグネシウム膜、酸化ガリウム膜、酸化ゲルマニウム膜、酸化イットリウム膜、酸化ジルコニウム膜、酸化ランタン膜、酸化ネオジム膜、酸化ハフニウム膜、酸化タンタル膜、酸化セリウム膜、ガリウム亜鉛酸化物膜、及び、ハフニウムアルミネート膜が挙げられる。窒化絶縁膜として、例えば、窒化シリコン膜、及び窒化アルミニウム膜が挙げられる。酸化窒化絶縁膜として、例えば、酸化窒化シリコン膜、酸化窒化アルミニウム膜、酸化窒化ガリウム膜、酸化窒化イットリウム膜、及び、酸化窒化ハフニウム膜が挙げられる。窒化酸化絶縁膜として、例えば、窒化酸化シリコン膜、及び窒化酸化アルミニウム膜が挙げられる。
絶縁層107は、絶縁層110に用いることができる材料を用いることができる。導電層112aと接する絶縁層107は、窒素を含む絶縁層を用いることが好ましい。絶縁層107は、絶縁層110a及び絶縁層110cに用いることができる材料を好適に用いることができる。絶縁層107は、例えば、窒化シリコンを好適に用いることができる。
絶縁層120は、絶縁層110に用いることができる材料を用いることができる。半導体層208と接する絶縁層120は、酸素を含む絶縁層を用いることが好ましい。絶縁層120は、絶縁層110bに用いることができる材料を好適に用いることができる。絶縁層120は、例えば、酸化シリコンまたは酸化窒化シリコンを好適に用いることができる。
導電層112a、導電層112b、導電層103、導電層104、導電層202、導電層204、導電層212a及び導電層212bは、それぞれ、単層構造でもよく、2層以上の積層構造であってもよい。導電層112a、導電層112b、導電層103、導電層104、導電層202、導電層204、導電層212a及び導電層212bに用いることができる材料として、それぞれ、例えば、クロム、銅、アルミニウム、金、銀、亜鉛、タンタル、チタン、タングステン、マンガン、ニッケル、鉄、コバルト、モリブデン、ルテニウム、及びニオブの一または複数、並びに前述した金属の一または複数を成分とする合金が挙げられる。導電層112a、導電層112b、導電層103、導電層104、導電層202、導電層204、導電層212a及び導電層212bには、それぞれ、銅、銀、金、及びアルミニウムのうち一または複数を含む、低抵抗な導電材料を好適に用いることができる。特に、銅またはアルミニウムは量産性に優れるため好ましい。
絶縁層106は、単層構造でもよく、2層以上の積層構造であってもよい。絶縁層106は、1層以上の無機絶縁膜を有することが好ましい。無機絶縁膜として、例えば、酸化絶縁膜、窒化絶縁膜、酸化窒化絶縁膜、及び窒化酸化絶縁膜が挙げられる。絶縁層106は、絶縁層110に用いることができる材料を用いることができる。
トランジスタ100及びトランジスタ200の保護層として機能する絶縁層195は、不純物が拡散しにくい材料を用いることが好ましい。絶縁層195を設けることにより、トランジスタに外部から不純物が拡散することを効果的に抑制でき、表示装置の信頼性を高めることができる。不純物として、例えば、水及び水素が挙げられる。
基板102の材質に大きな制限はないが、少なくとも、後の熱処理に耐えうる程度の耐熱性を有している必要がある。例えば、シリコン、または炭化シリコンを材料とした単結晶半導体基板、多結晶半導体基板、シリコンゲルマニウム等の化合物半導体基板、SOI基板、ガラス基板、石英基板、サファイア基板、セラミック基板、または有機樹脂基板を、基板102として用いてもよい。また、基板102には、半導体素子が設けられていてもよい。なお、半導体基板、及び絶縁性基板の形状は円形であってもよく、角形であってもよい。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Aの断面図を、図10A及び図10Bに示す。半導体装置10Aの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図10Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図10Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Bの断面図を、図13A及び図13Bに示す。半導体装置10Bの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図13Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図13Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
前述のトランジスタ100Aと異なる構成を有するトランジスタ100Cについて、図15A及び図15Bを用いて説明する。図15Aは、トランジスタ100Cの上面図であり、図15Bは、図15Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2における切断面の断面図である。一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図は、図10Aに示すトランジスタ100Aを参照できる。
前述のトランジスタ100Aと異なる構成を有するトランジスタ100Dについて、図16A乃至図16Cを用いて説明する。図16Aは、トランジスタ100Dの上面図であり、図16Bは、図16Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図16Cは、図16Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2における切断面の断面図である。
前述のトランジスタ100Aと異なる構成を有するトランジスタ100Eについて、図17A及び図17Bを用いて説明する。図17Aは、トランジスタ100Eの上面図であり、図17Bは、図17Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図である。一点鎖線B1−B2における切断面の断面図は、図10Bに示すトランジスタ100Aを参照できる。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Cの断面図を、図18A及び図18Bに示す。半導体装置10Cの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図18Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図18Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Dの断面図を、図19A及び図19Bに示す。半導体装置10Dの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図19Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図19Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Eの上面図を、図20Aに示す。図20Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図を図20Bに示し、一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図を図20Cに示す。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Fの上面図を、図21Aに示す。図21Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図を図21Bに示し、一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図を図21Cに示す。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Gの断面図を、図22A及び図22Bに示す。半導体装置10Gの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図22Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図22Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Hの断面図を、図23A及び図23Bに示す。半導体装置10Hの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図23Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図23Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本発明の一態様である半導体装置10Jの断面図を、図24A及び図24Bに示す。半導体装置10Jの上面図は、図1Aを参照できる。図24Aは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線A1−A2における切断面の断面図であり、図24Bは、図1Aに示す一点鎖線B1−B2及び一点鎖線B3−B4における切断面の断面図である。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置の作製方法について、図25乃至図34を用いて説明する。なお、各要素の材料及び形成方法について、先に実施の形態1で説明した部分と同様の部分については説明を省略することがある。
以下では、図10A等に示した半導体装置10Aを例に挙げて、作製方法を説明する。
前述の<作製方法例1>に示す半導体装置10Aの作製方法とは異なる作製方法について、説明する。なお、前述と重複する部分については説明を省略し、相違する部分について説明する。
図13A等に示した半導体装置10Bを例に挙げて、作製方法を説明する。
図21B等に示した半導体装置10Fを例に挙げて、作製方法を説明する。
図24A等に示した半導体装置10Jを例に挙げて、作製方法を説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の半導体装置を用いることができる表示装置について、図38乃至図48を用いて説明する。
駆動回路に用いることができる回路として、ラッチ回路を例に挙げて構成例を説明する。
画素230の構成例を、図40Aに示す。画素230は、画素回路51および発光デバイス61を有する。
図41Aに、表示装置50Aの、FPC172を含む領域の一部、周辺回路部164の一部、表示部162の一部、接続部140の一部、及び、端部を含む領域の一部をそれぞれ切断したときの断面の一例を示す。
図42に示す表示装置50Bは、各色の副画素に、共通のEL層113を有する発光素子と、着色層(カラーフィルタなど)と、が用いられている点で、表示装置50Aと主に異なる。なお、以降の表示装置の説明では、先に説明した表示装置と同様の部分については説明を省略することがある。
図43に示す表示装置50Cは、ボトムエミッション型の表示装置である点で、表示装置50Bと主に相違する。
図44Aに示す表示装置50Dは、受光素子130Sを有する点で、表示装置50Aと主に相違する。
図45に示す表示装置50Eは、MML(メタルマスクレス)構造が適用された表示装置の一例である。つまり、表示装置50Eは、ファインメタルマスクを用いずに作製された発光素子を有する。なお、基板151から絶縁層235までの積層構造、及び保護層131から基板152までの積層構造は、表示装置50Aと同様のため、説明を省略する。
図46に示す表示装置50Fは、各色の副画素に、着色層(カラーフィルタなど)が設けられている点で、表示装置50Eと主に異なる。
図47に示す表示装置50Gは、ボトムエミッション型の表示装置である点で、表示装置50Fと主に相違する。
以下では、MML(メタルマスクレス)構造が適用された表示装置の作製方法について図48を用いて説明する。ここでは、ファインメタルマスクを用いずに発光素子を作製する工程について詳述する。図48には、各工程における、表示部162が有する3つの発光素子と接続部140との断面図を示す。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の電子機器について、図49乃至図51を用いて説明する。
Claims (14)
- 第1のトランジスタと、第2のトランジスタと、基板と、を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第1の導電層と、前記第1の導電層上の第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の第2の導電層と、前記第2の導電層上の第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の絶縁層と、前記第3の絶縁層上の第3の導電層と、第1の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の導電層は、前記第1の導電層と重なる領域に、前記第1の絶縁層に達する第1の開口を有し、
前記第2の絶縁層は、前記第2の導電層の上面及び側面、並びに前記第1の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、前記第3の絶縁層及び前記第3の導電層は、前記第1の開口と重なる領域に、前記第1の導電層に達する第2の開口を有し、
前記第1の半導体層は、前記第2の開口において、前記第1の導電層の上面、前記第1の絶縁層の側面、前記第2の絶縁層の側面、前記第3の絶縁層の側面、並びに前記第3の導電層の上面及び側面と接し、
前記第2のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第4の導電層と、前記第4の導電層上の前記第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の前記第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の前記第3の絶縁層と、前記第3の絶縁層上の第2の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の半導体層は、前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の絶縁層を介して、前記第4の導電層と重なる領域を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項1において、
前記第1の導電層及び前記第4の導電層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。 - 第1のトランジスタと、第2のトランジスタと、基板と、を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第1の導電層と、前記第1の導電層上の第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の第2の導電層と、前記第2の導電層上の第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の導電層と、第1の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の導電層は、前記第1の導電層と重なる領域に、前記第1の絶縁層に達する第1の開口を有し、
前記第2の絶縁層は、前記第2の導電層の上面及び側面、並びに前記第1の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の導電層は、前記第1の開口と重なる領域に、前記第1の導電層に達する第2の開口を有し、
前記第1の半導体層は、前記第2の開口において、前記第1の導電層の上面、前記第1の絶縁層の側面、前記第2の絶縁層の側面、並びに前記第3の導電層の上面及び側面と接し、
前記第2のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第4の導電層と、前記第4の導電層上の前記第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の前記第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の絶縁層と、前記第3の絶縁層上の第2の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の半導体層の端部は、前記第3の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第2の半導体層は、前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の絶縁層を介して、前記第4の導電層と重なる領域を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項3において、
前記第1の導電層及び前記第4の導電層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。 - 第1のトランジスタと、第2のトランジスタと、基板と、を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第1の導電層と、前記第1の導電層上の第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の第2の導電層と、前記第2の導電層上の第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の導電層と、前記第3の導電層上の第3の絶縁層と、第1の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の導電層は、前記第1の導電層と重なる領域に、前記第1の絶縁層に達する第1の開口を有し、
前記第2の絶縁層は、前記第2の導電層の上面及び側面、並びに前記第1の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第3の絶縁層は、前記第3の導電層の上面及び側面、並びに前記第2の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、前記第3の導電層及び前記第3の絶縁層は、前記第1の開口と重なる領域に、前記第1の導電層に達する第2の開口を有し、
前記第1の半導体層は、前記第2の開口において、前記第1の導電層の上面、前記第1の絶縁層の側面、前記第2の絶縁層の側面、前記第3の導電層の側面、並びに前記第3の絶縁層の上面及び側面と接し、
前記第2のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第4の導電層と、前記第4の導電層上の前記第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の前記第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の前記第3の絶縁層と、前記第3の絶縁層上の第2の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の半導体層は、前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の絶縁層を介して、前記第4の導電層と重なる領域を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項5において、
前記第1の導電層及び前記第4の導電層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。 - 第1のトランジスタと、第2のトランジスタと、基板と、を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタは、前記基板上の第1の導電層と、前記第1の導電層上の第1の絶縁層と、前記第1の絶縁層上の第2の導電層と、前記第2の導電層上の第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の導電層と、第1の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の導電層は、前記第1の導電層と重なる領域に、前記第1の絶縁層に達する第1の開口を有し、
前記第2の絶縁層は、前記第2の導電層の上面及び側面、並びに前記第1の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第1の絶縁層、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の導電層は、前記第1の開口と重なる領域に、前記第1の導電層に達する第2の開口を有し、
前記第1の半導体層は、前記第2の開口において、前記第1の導電層の上面、前記第1の絶縁層の側面、前記第2の絶縁層の側面、並びに前記第3の導電層の上面及び側面と接し、
前記第2のトランジスタは、前記第1の絶縁層上の第4の導電層と、前記第4の導電層上の前記第2の絶縁層と、前記第2の絶縁層上の第3の絶縁層と、前記第3の絶縁層上の第2の半導体層と、を有し、
前記第2の半導体層の端部は、前記第3の絶縁層の上面と接し、
前記第2の半導体層は、前記第2の絶縁層、及び前記第3の絶縁層を介して、前記第4の導電層と重なる領域を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項7において、
前記第2の導電層及び前記第4の導電層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記第2の導電層の導電率は、前記第1の導電層の導電率より高い半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記第1の半導体層及び前記第2の半導体層はそれぞれ、金属酸化物を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記第1の半導体層と前記第2の半導体層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記第1の半導体層と前記第2の半導体層は、異なる材料を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一において、
前記第1のトランジスタは、第4の絶縁層と、前記第4の絶縁層上の第5の導電層と、を有し、
前記第5の導電層は、前記第4の絶縁層を介して前記第1の半導体層と重なる領域を有し、
前記第2のトランジスタは、前記第4の絶縁層と、前記第4の絶縁層上の第6の導電層と、を有し、
前記第6の導電層は、前記第4の絶縁層を介して前記第2の半導体層と重なる領域を有する半導体装置。 - 請求項13において、
前記第5の導電層及び前記第6の導電層は、同じ材料を有する半導体装置。
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| JP2016149552A (ja) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 半導体装置、および半導体装置の作製方法 |
| US20160300899A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Thin film transistor and array substrate and manufacturing method thereof, display device |
| JP2017168761A (ja) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 半導体装置 |
| US20190305137A1 (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-03 | Intel Corporation | Dual gate control for trench shaped thin film transistors |
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| JP2012174836A (ja) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-09-10 | Fujitsu Ltd | 縦型電界効果トランジスタとその製造方法及び電子機器 |
| JP2016149552A (ja) * | 2015-02-11 | 2016-08-18 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 半導体装置、および半導体装置の作製方法 |
| US20160300899A1 (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Thin film transistor and array substrate and manufacturing method thereof, display device |
| JP2017168761A (ja) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイ | 半導体装置 |
| US20190305137A1 (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2019-10-03 | Intel Corporation | Dual gate control for trench shaped thin film transistors |
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