WO2024017517A1

WO2024017517A1 - Lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid

Info

Publication number: WO2024017517A1
Application number: PCT/EP2023/062566
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan Grundei; Daniel CHALL; Martin Schmidt-Amelunxen
Original assignee: Klueber Lubrication Muenchen Se & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2022-07-21
Filing date: 2023-05-11
Publication date: 2024-01-25
Also published as: EP4239039A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, said base oil having a solubility of at least 3 wt.% for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at a room temperature of 20 °C, wherein the base oil has a basic oil A in a proportion of at least 50 wt.%, based on the total weight of the base oil, and the basic oil A has a solubility of at least 3 wt.% for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at a room temperature of 20°C, and b) 0.5 to 80 wt.%, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid with a bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion.

Description

Lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid

Description

The present invention relates to a lubricant composition containing an ionic liquid and its use.

It is known that ionic liquids can be used as additives in lubricants such as greases and lubricating oils. This allows tribologically relevant properties such as friction, wear and electrical conductivity to be positively influenced. Good results are achieved in particular with ionic liquids that have CFx-containing groups.

These groups are usually contained in the anions and, as additives in lubricants, improve their thermal resilience and electrical conductivity. Due to its very good thermal and hydrolytic stability, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) is an important representative of these anions.

However, the disadvantage of compounds containing CFx is that these groups are not biodegradable and as a result ionic liquids containing such groups are persistent. From EP3872154 (A1) a lubricant composition is known, comprising a) a lubricant, in particular containing a non-polar base oil, b) a first ionic liquid, which is in polyalphaolefin (PAO), in particular in PAO 400/40, made from 1-decene as Monomer component, is soluble, c) a second ionic liquid which is insoluble in polyalphaolefin (PAO), in particular in PAO 400/40, made from 1-decene as the monomer component.

Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphoniumbis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is mentioned as a possible second ionic liquid. However, it is known to those skilled in the art that ionic liquids based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) as anion have a significantly lower thermal resistance than ionic liquids that have CFx-containing groups. This can be explained primarily by the fact that the fsi anion lacks carbon-fluorine compounds with strong bonds, which has a negative effect on the overall stability of the molecule.

A further disadvantage of the lubricant composition described is that the use of two different ionic liquids increases the complexity of the manufacturing process and the associated manufacturing costs, and that the lubricant composition is limited to non-polar base oils. The non-polar base oils can have a polar component. However, this is always less than 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

EP2164935B1 describes the use of selected ionic liquids with fluorine-containing anions in lubricant compositions to reduce signs of aging of the lubricant and to reduce electrical resistance. The object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant composition which can dispense with the use of bta-containing ionic liquids and which nevertheless has good tribologically relevant properties with regard to friction, wear and electrical conductivity. In addition, the lubricant composition should have sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180 ° C, and contain a high proportion of polar base oils.

This object is achieved by a lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, the base oil having a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis( fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight and wherein the base oil has a base oil A in a proportion of at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil, the base oil A having a solubility for at a room temperature of 20 ° C the ionic liquid has methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

According to the invention, it was found that with the lubricant composition it is possible to dispense with the use of ionic liquids containing bta and still have good tribologically relevant properties with regard to friction, wear and electrical to maintain conductivity. In addition, the lubricant composition can contain a high proportion of polar base oils and it also has sufficient temperature stability, preferably at least 180 ° C. The high temperature stability of the lubricant composition according to the invention was surprising since ionic liquids based on bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as anion are known to have only low thermal stability. Without committing to a mechanism, it is assumed that the surprisingly high thermal stability of bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as anion in the lubricant according to the invention is due to solubilization by the base oil, which has a stabilizing effect. Stabilization by preventing or delaying autocatalytic effects caused by the base oil is also conceivable.

According to the invention, the lubricant composition comprises a base oil which has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight at a room temperature of 20° C. This ability to dissolve shows the high polarity of the base oil. The base oil also contains a base oil A, which also has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight at a room temperature of 20 ° C. The solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is preferably carried out as described in the Test Methods chapter.

The base oil can contain one or more base oils A and optionally also base oils different from base oil A. According to the invention, however, the lubricant composition preferably does not contain any other base oils in addition to the base oil. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, even more preferably of at least 10% by weight at a room temperature of 20° C. % on.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at least in the range of 3% by weight to 30% by weight and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight at a room temperature of 20° C. % to 30% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 30% by weight and/or at least in the range of 3% by weight to 20% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight. % to 20% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 20% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 3% by weight to 15% by weight and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight. % to 15% by weight and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 15% by weight.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil does not have an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil is not an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil does not contain any ions. The base oil particularly preferably consists of organic compounds. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight, preferably at least 5% by weight, even more preferably of at least 10% by weight at a room temperature of 20° C .% on.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A has a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide at a room temperature of 20° C. at least in the range of 3% by weight to 99% and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight .% to 99% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 99% by weight and/or at least in the range of 3% by weight to 80% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight .% to 80% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 80% by weight, and/or at least in the range of 3% by weight to 15% by weight and/or at least in the range of 5% by weight .% to 15% by weight and/or at least in the range of 10% by weight to 15% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the base oil A is in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and/or in a proportion of more than 55% by weight, for example from 55 to 100% by weight, and/or in a proportion of more than 60% by weight, for example from 60 to 100% by weight, more preferably in a proportion of more than 70% by weight, for example from 70 to 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

The proportion of the base oil, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 20% by weight to 99.5% by weight, preferably 40% by weight to 95%, more preferably 60% by weight to 90%, even more preferably 70% by weight. up to 95% and in particular 75% by weight to 85% by weight.

The proportion of base oil A based on the total weight of the

Lubricant composition is preferably 10% to 99.5% by weight % by weight, more preferably 35% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 40% by weight to 90% by weight, in particular 35% by weight to 85% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the base oil A is an ester and/or a polyglycol, the polyglycol preferably being a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit. A particularly preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit, preferably a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units and methyl-substituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit. A likewise preferred polyglycol is a polyalkylene glycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit, the proportion by weight of the unsubstituted ethylene units preferably being at least 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 20% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight .% based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 30% by weight to 100% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the ester has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example from 0.1 to 0.35, preferably more than 0.15, for example from 0.15 to 0.30 and/ or the polyglycol has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example from 0.44 to 0.70, preferably more than 0.50, for example from 0.50 to 0.68.

A particularly preferred polyglycol is selected from homopolymers of ethylene oxide as the sole monomer and/or copolymers with unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating unit, the proportion by weight of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymers preferably being at least 20% by weight. based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 20% by weight to 90% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight based on the total weight of the polyglycol, for example 30% by weight to 90% by weight. The end groups of the particularly preferred polyglycol are, independently of one another, preferably hydroxide groups and/or C1-C20 alkoxide groups, preferably C1-C6 alkoxide groups. The alkoxide end groups can also be substituted. The end groups can be introduced during the production of the polyglycol by reacting the monomeric ethylene oxides with a monofunctional starter. Monofunctional starters are preferably water and alcohols, especially butanol. Two or more chains of the polyglycol can also be linked via an end group. Alkyl groups are preferred as the linking end group. This can be done when producing the polyglycol from ethylene oxides with a nucleophilic di- or higher-functional starter. Examples of difunctional starters are diols, especially 1,2-ethanediol.

Preferred esters are carboxylic acid esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, preferably estolides. Diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, estolides and mixtures thereof are particularly preferred. Also preferred carboxylic acid esters are aromatic esters, preferably of aromatic C8 to C20, preferably C8 to C10 di-, tri- or tetracarboxylic acids with one or in a mixture of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols and aliphatic esters, preferably of aliphatic C4 - to C22- monocarboxylic acids and / or dicarboxylic acids with an aliphatic mono-, di-, tri-, tetra, penta, hexa-alcohol present individually or in mixtures with a carbon number of 3 to 22, preferably polyol esters, such as preferably complex esters, estolides and Mixtures thereof. The acid and/or alcohol component and/or hydroxycarboxylic acid component of the carboxylic acid esters independently preferably have a number of carbon atoms from C3 to C54. Preferred acid components have a number of carbon atoms from C4 to C22, preferred alcohol components have a number of carbon atoms from C3 to C22 and/or preferred hydroxycarboxylic acid components have a number of carbon atoms from C14 to C22. Preferred diesters are diesters whose acid component has fewer than 36 carbon atoms, preferably 6 carbon atoms to 20 carbon atoms, even more preferably e carbon atoms to 12 carbon atoms. The advantage of these esters is their good dissolving power for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

Estolides are oligomers of aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids, preferably 12-hydroxystearic acid or oligomers of unsaturated carboxylic acids, preferably oleic acid, in which the terminal carboxylic acid group is esterified with a mono-alcohol, dialcohol, trialol and/or tetra-alcohol, preferably branched mono-alcohols, most preferably Guerbet alcohols and in which any free hydroxide groups present can be esterified by reaction with monocarboxylic acids or dicarboxylic acids. Aliphatic esters of monocarboxylic acids and/or dicarboxylic acids with a carbon number of C3 to C20, preferably C6 to C20, with a mono-, di-, tri-, tetra, penta and/or hexa-alcohol present individually or in mixtures are particularly preferred a carbon number of 3 to 22.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with a carbon number of C 5 to C 22 with an aliphatic tri, tetra, hexa-alcohol present individually or in mixtures with a carbon number of C 3 to C 10, in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and/or dipentaerythritol, and/or aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids with a carbon number of C 6 to C 20, with an aliphatic mono- and/or present individually or in mixtures Dialcohol with a carbon number of 6 to 22, estolides and aromatic esters of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids with one or in a mixture of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols and mixtures thereof.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A does not have an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A is not an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil A does not contain any ions. The base oil A particularly preferably consists of organic compounds.

Base oils that are also suitable according to the invention contain the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, the base oil B having a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide of less than 3% by weight, for example 01, at a room temperature of 20 ° C % by weight to 3% by weight, preferably from less than 2.5% by weight, for example from 0.01% by weight to 2.5% by weight, more preferably from less than 2% by weight, for example from 0, 01% by weight to 2% by weight, more preferably less than 1% by weight, for example from 0.01% by weight to 1% by weight.

In a preferred embodiment, the base oil B is a base oil B1 which has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of at most 0.1, for example from 0 to 0.1, and/or a base oil B2 which has a proportion of halogens and/or silicon of more than 5% by weight, for example 5% by weight to 30 % by weight, preferably from 10% by weight to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil B2.

If the base oil contains the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, the proportion of the base oil A is more than 50% by weight, for example from 50 to 90% by weight, more preferably more than 60% by weight, for example from 60 to 85 % by weight, in particular more than 70% by weight, for example from 70 to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

Preferred base oils B are selected from the group consisting of base oils of groups I, II, II+, III, IV and base oils of group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number 11, p.14ff], preferably diphenyl ethers, alkylated naphthalenes, polyisobutylenes, silicone oils, polytetrahydrofurans and oxetane polymers, polyalkylene glycols, which, preferably exclusively, have ethylene units substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, the proportion by weight of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycols being less than 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol and esters, preferably aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, with a carbon number of C22 to C40, preferably C34 to C38 with an aliphatic mono- and / or dialcohol present individually or in mixtures with a Carbon number from 6 to 22, aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, with a carbon number from C33 to C60, preferably C50 to C58, with an aliphatic mono- and/or dialcohol present individually or in mixtures with a carbon number from 6 to 22 and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred base oils are alkylated diphenyl ethers, polyisobutylenes, polyalphaolefins and mixtures thereof. The base oils can also be composed of mixtures of the previous base oils. The proportion of base oil B, if present, is preferably less than 50% by weight, for example 10 to 49% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% by weight to 40% by weight, in particular at most 30% by weight. %, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil.

The proportion of base oil B, if present, is preferably at most 48% by weight, for example 5 to 48% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% by weight to 40% by weight, in particular at most 30% by weight. , for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil B does not have an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil B is not an ionic liquid with a melting temperature of below 100 ° C, the melting temperature being measured in accordance with DIN EN 61074:1994-07.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the base oil B does not contain any ions. The base oil B particularly preferably consists of organic compounds.

The lubricant composition according to the invention preferably has a kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C of 20 mmVsec to 1500 mmVsec, preferably of 20 mmVsec to 320 mmVsec, even more preferably of 25 mmVsec to 220 mmVsec, even more preferably of 30 mmVsec to 150 mmVsec. Kinematic viscosity is determined according to ASTM D 7042, Edition 2021 .01. According to the invention, the proportion of the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 80% by weight, more preferably 2% by weight to 40% by weight, more preferably 2% by weight to 20% by weight .%, more preferably 3% by weight to 15% by weight and in particular from 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

In a preferred embodiment, the base oil contains the base oil A and the base oil B in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of at least 50:50, for example from 50:50 to 60:40, particularly preferably at least 60:40, for example 60: 40 to 70:30, more preferably at least 70:30, for example from 70:30 to 90:10, in particular at least 80:20, for example from 80:20 to 90:10.

In a further preferred embodiment, the base oil contains the base oil A and the base oil B in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 50:50 to 60:40 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi). , is from 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably from 3 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and / or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 60:40 to 70:30 and the The proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is from 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, preferably from 3% by weight to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and /or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 70:30 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% by weight to 40% by weight , preferably from 3% by weight to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and / or in a weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B of 80:20 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is Bis( fluorosulfonyl)imide (fsi) is 0.5% by weight to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetrical and asymmetrical ammonium ions, NR1R2R3R4+ and phosphonium ions PR1R2R3R4+. The radicals Ri to R4 can independently be branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted C-i to C24, preferably C-i to Cis, particularly preferably Ce to Os alkyl groups or Ce to C30 aryl groups. Preferred substituents are alkoxy, carboxy, amido, amino, thiocarboxy, carbamoyl, oxo, thioxo and/or hydroxy.

Preferably, the radicals Ri to R4 are selected so that they have a total of at least 10 carbon atoms, preferably at least 20 carbon atoms, more preferably at least 25 carbon atoms.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid has one or more cations selected from the group consisting of: trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium, trioctylmethylammonium, tributylmethylphosphonium, tributylphosphonium. Trihexyltetradecylphosphonium, tributyltetradecylphosphonium, tetraoctylphosphonium and trioctylmethylammonium are particularly preferred.

The lubricant composition according to the invention can also have mixtures of different ionic liquids in which the anions are each bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide but the cations are different. The lubricant composition according to the invention can also contain other ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. In In this case, the proportion of the additional ionic liquid is preferably 0.5% by weight to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, however, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. This is advantageous because the use of multiple ionic liquids increases the complexity of the manufacturing process and the associated manufacturing costs. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquid that contains bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (bta) as an anion. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons. In a further embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or contains them at most in a proportion of 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. More preferably, the lubricant composition does not contain any ionic liquid containing perfluoroalkyl groups or ionic liquids containing perfluoroalkyl groups in a proportion of at most 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. This is advantageous for toxicological reasons.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide is selected from the group consisting of:

P666(14) fsi, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

N1888 fsi, methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

P444(14) fsi, tributyltetradecylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

P8888 fsi, tetraoctylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

and mixtures thereof.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition contains a thickener. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the lubricant composition is designed as a lubricating grease.

Lubricating greases are a preferred embodiment of the lubricant composition because the positive effects on service life, attributable to the ionic liquid fsi, are particularly noticeable in lubricating greases, since lubricating greases are usually present in smaller quantities than lubricating oils at the lubrication point.

The lubricant composition preferably contains the thickener in a proportion of 3 to 35% by weight, more preferably of 4 to 30% by weight, in particular of 6 to 20% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the lubricant composition. The working penetration (in 1/10 mm) of the lubricant composition designed as a lubricating grease is preferably between 400 and 200, more preferably between 330 and 220, even more preferably between 300 and 250. The working penetration is determined according to DIN ISO 2137, edition 2016.12.

The thickener is preferably selected from urea, aluminum complex soaps, metal simple soaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main groups of the periodic table, in particular lithium simple soaps, metal complex soaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main groups of the periodic table, in particular lithium complex soaps, bentonite, sulfonate, Silicate, polyimide and mixtures thereof. Urea is understood to mean reaction products of organic mono-, di-, tri- and higher-functional isocyanates and/or mixtures thereof with aliphatic and/or aromatic mono-, di-, tri- or higher-functional organic amines.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a urea. The advantage of ureas is that they can be used at high application temperatures and the combination with the ionic liquid, containing fsi as an anion, leads to lubricating greases with a particularly long service life. A preferred urea is a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diisocyantodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato- 3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination, with an amine or diamine of the general formula (H2N)xR, where x = 1 or 2 , and R is an aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylene radical having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, present singly or in combination. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea which contains aliphatic, cycloaliphatic/aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic ureas.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a diurea represented by Formula A

° h

Rf - NHCNH - R ₂ - NHCNH-R ₃ Formula (A) where R2 is a divalent aromatic C6-15 hydrocarbon residue; and Ri and R3 are independently a C6-20 cycloalkyl radical, in particular cyclohexyl radical or a straight-chain or branched C8-20 alkyl radical.

Diurea compounds which can preferably be used according to the invention are described in DE112012001102A1.

Preferred thickeners contain diurea compounds selected from: an aliphatic urea of the formula A:

an aliphatic urea of the formula B:

an aliphatic urea of the formula C:

a cycloaliphatic/aliphatic urea of the formula D:

a cycloaliphatic/aliphatic urea of the formula E:

a cycloaliphatic urea of the formula F:

and mixtures thereof.

In the ureas of the formulas A - E, the alkyl groups are unbranched.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the thickener is a lithium complex soap. The advantage of lithium complex soaps is that they can be used at high application temperatures and the combination with the ionic liquid, containing fsi as an anion, leads to lubricating greases with a particularly long service life. Preferred lithium complex soaps are prepared starting from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid and / or starting from higher-functional carboxylic acids with 3 or more, preferably 3 to 4, carboxylic acid groups, where the number of carbon groups can be 6 to 60 , such as preferably citric acid and trimer acids, and/or starting from ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and/or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids, each combined with one or more monocarboxylic acids, preferably combined with one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, in particular 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids and / or combined with sebacic acid monostearylamide and / or Terephthalic acid monostearylamide. Trimeric acids are tricarboxylic acids obtained by trimerization of unsaturated fatty acids, preferably with 54 carbon atoms, which contain alkyl side chains, double bonds and cyclic ring systems.

The lubricant composition can also contain inorganic and/or organic solid lubricants. Preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfide, phosphate, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonate, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxide, preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicate and layered silicate, talc, mica and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred solid lubricants are selected from the group consisting of molybdenum disulfide, graphite, graphene, boron nitride (hexagonal), tin(IV) sulfide, zinc(II) sulfide, tungsten disulfide, metal sulfide, phosphate, preferably calcium phosphate, carbonate, preferably calcium carbonate, metal oxide , preferably amorphous silicon dioxide, silicate and layered silicate, talc, mica and mixtures thereof.

If present, the proportion of solid lubricant in the lubricant composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight and in particular 0.5% by weight to 18% by weight. , each based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. In addition, the lubricant composition can contain additives, for example against corrosion, oxidation (antioxidants) and for protection against metal influences, for example chelate compounds, free radical scavengers, UV stabilizers, reaction layer formers, viscosity improvers, pour point depressants, adhesion improvers and/or additives for reducing oil separation in fats.

The proportion of additives in the lubricant composition according to the invention is preferably 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, more preferably 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, even more preferably 1% by weight to 18% by weight and in particular 1 .5% by weight to 12% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Additives in the form of phosphorus-, sulfur-containing, nitrogen-containing and/or oxygen-containing compounds, polymers and/or mixtures thereof are preferably used. Particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, phenols, in particular alkylated phenols, triazoles such as benzotriazoles, tolyltriazoles, esters, in particular sulfurized fatty acid esters, glycerol mono- or di-esters, sorbitan esters, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, in particular molybdenum dithiocarbamates, phosphates, in particular thiophosphates, oligomeric phosphates, Oligomeric thiophosphates, dithiophosphates, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, molybdenum dithiophosphates, amine phosphates, trialkyl phosphates, triaryl phosphates, phosphites, metal salts, carboxylic acids, polymers, in particular polymethacrylates, olefin copolymers and/or mixtures thereof.

Very preferred additives are aromatic amines, alkylated phenols, thiadiazoles, dithiocarbamates, triaryl phosphates, amine phosphates, benzotriazoles and/or mixtures thereof.

Very particularly preferred additives are aromatic amines, since it was surprisingly found that their use produces a particularly strong Delaying the start of oxidation can be achieved by the ionic liquid.

Aromatic amines preferred according to the invention are styrenated diphenylamine, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated and/or butylated diphenylamine, in particular p, p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, nonylated diphenylamine. Therefore, in a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition has diphenylamine, in particular p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, as antioxidants.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant composition comprises the additives in a proportion of 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, more preferably from 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight. % to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

Preferably, the lubricant composition is characterized by a lower use temperature of not greater than -30°C, for example from -60°C to -30°C, preferably not greater than -40°C, for example from -60°C to -40°C , determined according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and/or preferably an upper usage temperature of at least +160°C, for example from 160°C to 220°C, preferably at least +180°C, for example from 180°C to 220°C according to DIN 51821 1 +2, edition 2016.7.

A further subject of the present invention is a lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, whereby the Base oil has a base oil A' in a proportion of at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil, the base oil A' having an ester with an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example from 0.1 to 0.35, preferably more than 0.15, for example from 0.15 to 0.30 and / or a polyglycol, preferably a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit, with an oxygen / carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example from 0.44 to 0.70, preferably more than 0.50, for example from 0.50 to 0.68, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.

Preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricant composition include embodiments described mutatis mutandis with respect to the lubricant composition according to the invention. For example, preferred embodiments of the aforementioned lubricant composition for the base oil A' include embodiments for the base oil A described in relation to the lubricant composition according to the invention.

A further subject of the present invention includes the use of the lubricant composition according to the invention for lubricating drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and/or chains.

Drive elements, preferably roller bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and/or chains, to which electrical potentials are applied, are preferred. Further preferred drive elements are rolling bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and/or chains, which are used in systems and machines for producing and conveying food, in wind turbines, in vehicles, preferably automobiles, in particular in hybrid and electric vehicles, in rail vehicles, industrial plants, industrial robots and/or are arranged in ships.

The drive elements are particularly preferably selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, rolling bearings of electric motors, in particular of hybrid and electric vehicles, generators, in particular of electric vehicles and rail vehicles, wind turbines, industrial engines, auxiliary units in vehicles and/or joints of vehicles.

The lubricant composition is particularly preferably used to lubricate rolling bearings of electric motors of hybrid and/or electric vehicles.

The advantage of this is that the lubricant composition according to the invention has a combination of properties that is particularly suitable for these applications. The very good temperature stability combined with the ability to conduct electrical potential is particularly advantageous.

A further subject of the present invention includes the use of the lubricant composition for the lubrication of drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, in which a lower use temperature of not greater than -30 ° C, for example from -60 ° C to -30 ° C, preferably not greater than -40°C, for example -60°C to -30°C, determined according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and/or preferably an upper usage temperature of at least +160°C, for example from 160°C to 220°C, more preferably at least +180°C, for example from 180°C to 220°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1 +2 edition 2016.7 is necessary.

The invention is explained in more detail below using several examples that do not limit the invention. example 1

TGA measurements of the ionic liquids are carried out

Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and

Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) was carried out and the values obtained were compared.

Table 2: TGA evaporation losses under air and N2

As expected, the TGA measurements show better temperature stability for the P666(14) bta compared to P666(14) fsi. When measuring with air as well as with N2, the values for evaporation losses are lower for the P666(14) bta. The better temperature stability for the bta can be explained by the strong bonding carbon-fluorine compound in the anion.

Example 2

DSC measurements of the ionic liquids trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) are carried out.

The results of the DSC measurements under an O2 atmosphere are shown in Figure 1 and the results of the DSC measurements under an N2 atmosphere are shown in Figure 2.

In Figure 1 it can be seen that the P666(14) fsi has an earlier onset and therefore lower stability than P666(14) bta.

Figure 2 shows that P666(14) fsi has a clear exothermic reaction around 270 ° C, but P666(14) bta does not. Both studies confirm the lower thermal stability of the ionic liquid with the fsi anion in pure substance. Example 3

To determine the evaporation loss, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (P666(14) fsi) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (P666(14) bta) are placed in cylindrical threaded vials (base area 1.5 cm ² , height 5 cm). 200 mg of each of the two ILs are weighed out exactly. For two test temperatures, one glass without a ball and one with a ball (100Cr6 steel balls according to DIN 51350-1, edition 2015-03) are used. The purpose of this is to test whether reactions occur between the metal in the ball and the ionic liquid in the glass.

Table 3: Values at 150°C

Table 4: Values at 180°C At a test temperature of 150°C, there are differences in the evaporation loss for both ionic liquids in pure substance. For the samples without a ball, there is a continuous increase in evaporation loss for P666(14) bta over the measured period. In comparison, an overall weight increase can be observed in the values for the fsi sample. In the presence of the steel ball, P666(14) fsi shows a lower evaporation loss than P666(14) bta. With a ball, both substances have significantly higher evaporation loss values overall. However, for the P666(14) fsi, after an initial increase, the value drops again towards the end.

At 180° the evaporation losses for both substances are naturally higher than at 150°C. In contrast to the lower test temperature, the value curve for the P666(14) fsi is unremarkable. Nevertheless, at the end of the period these are higher than for P666(14) bta. Overall, the observed values can be understood to mean that, in addition to decomposition with loss of mass, phenomena such as absorption/release of water, corrosion of the steel ball and catalyzed decomposition also play a role. At 180°C, tests of the substances in pure form suggest that the resistance of the IL containing fsi is lower than the resistance of the IL containing bta.

Example 4

Production of two fats according to the invention and a comparison fat from a base fat A.

The base fat A consists of 85% by weight of a trimellitic acid ester with C9 - C11 alcohols with an oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.20 with a base oil viscosity at 40°C of approx. 72 mm ² /sec (TMSE-A), from 11 % by weight of a urea thickener consisting of the reaction products of aliphatic saturated amines, aliphatic unsaturated amines and aromatic amines with a mixture of MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and TDI (mixture of 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene and 2,6-diisocyanatotuene in a molar ratio of approx. 4:1). The additives used are 0.5% by weight of p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine and 3.5% by weight of other additives (corrosion protection, anti-wear).

To this base fat A, 5% by weight of P666(14) fsi (fat according to the invention 1) or 5% by weight of P666(14) bta (comparison fat 2) are added and the mixtures are homogenized in a three-roll mill. In the case of fat according to the invention, 3 are used

5% by weight N1888 fsi used and incorporated identically.

Compared to the basic grease A, the specific electrical resistance is reduced by approx. 3 powers of ten. The grease 1 according to the invention surprisingly shows an approximately 50% improved service life at 180 ° C compared to the comparison grease 2, which contains an ionic liquid not according to the invention. The grease according to the invention also meets the service life requirement of DIN 51821 1 +2 at 200 ° C

In the service life test at 200 ° C, the grease 1 according to the invention shows a significant increase in the service life achieved, based on the L 50 value, by more than a factor of 2.5. The grease 3 according to the invention also shows an increase in service life of 50% compared to the base grease A. Example 5

Several fats according to the invention and a comparison fat are produced from a base fat B.

The basic fat B consists of:

84.5% by weight trimellitic acid ester with linear C8 and C10 alkyl groups, which are present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 (molar) (TMSE-B) with an oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.22, 13.5% by weight urea thickener, produced by reacting MDI (4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane) and octylamine in a ratio of 1.2 (molar), 1 wt.% p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 1 wt.% calcium sulfonate corrosion protection additive.

The grease 6 according to the invention shows an increase in service life of approximately 50% compared to the base grease B (comparison grease) while maintaining the very steep failure curve (high β values). The grease 7 according to the invention shows an increase in service life of approximately 40%. All fats according to the invention meet the requirements of DIN 51821 1 +2 at 200 ° C, since the L 50 value is over 100 h. This makes it possible to reduce the electrical resistance (see table below) while maintaining the upper operating temperature of 200°C.

By adding IL P666(14) fsi, the specific electrical resistance is significantly reduced. The penetration penetration, on the other hand, changes only to a small extent, which shows that the thickening effect is not disturbed by the ionic liquid. Example 6

The specific electrical resistance of mixtures of P666(14) fsi or P666(14) bta in a polyglycol is measured.

A polyglycol with a kinematic viscosity of 220 mm ² /sec is used as polyglycol A. It is a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in a ratio of 1:1 (molar) with glycol as a starter. The oxygen/carbon ratio is 0.53.

The tables show that the invention

Lubricant compositions with P666(14) fsi lead to lower specific resistances compared to P666(14) bta. This was surprising because, as shown in the table below, the viscosities of P666(14) fsi are higher than those of P666(14) bta.

This suggests that in fsi the ion pair is actually more tightly bound to one another, ie is less mobile, and should therefore show lower conductivities. However, as shown above, this is surprisingly not the case.

Example 7

The influence of N1888 fsi on the thermal oxidative stability of an ester oil is investigated. The base oil used is trimellitic acid ester B (trimellithic acid ester with linear

C8 and C10 alkyl groups, which are present in a ratio of approximately 1:1 (molar), are used as the amino antioxidant (amine AO) p,p'-dioctyldiphenylamine.

The shear viscosity is determined at 25°C at a shear rate of 300 1/s according to DIN 53019-1.3. The open dish test is carried out using aluminum evaporation dishes with a diameter of 50 mm. 5 g +/- 0.1 g are weighed out. The measurement is carried out in a circulating air oven. The measurement takes place over 24/48/72 hours. The evaporation loss is determined and the shear viscosity is measured.

Oils 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 represent lubricant compositions according to the invention.

If you compare the samples that only contain P666(14) fsi (oil 6 and 5) with the samples that only contain amine. AO (oil 1 and 7), it can be seen that the start of oxidation is delayed more strongly by the ionic liquid.

The patterns in which the aminic antioxidant p,p show a strong positive influence on both the evaporation losses in the TGA up to 300 ° C, on the start of oxidation and onset in the DSC and on the evaporation values in the open dish test, see for example the evaporation values after 24 h '-Dioctyldiphenylamine is combined with P666(14) fsi. Example 8

Solubility tests of N1888fsi in base oils containing base oils of different polarities are carried out. The results are shown in the tables below.

The base oil mixture used here is not suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because the proportion of base oil A is too small and the solubility of N1888fsi is therefore too low.

The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because there is a sufficient proportion of base oil A and the solubility of N1888fsi is therefore sufficient.

The examples show that the ionic liquid N1888fsi is miscible with the trimellitic acid ester over a very wide concentration range.

The base oil used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because only base oil A is present and the solubility of N1888fsi is therefore very good.

The base oil used here is not suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because there is no proportion of base oil A and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is not sufficient.

The base oil mixture used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention because a There is a sufficient proportion of base oil A and therefore the solubility of N1888fsi is sufficient.

It turns out that N1888fsi is easily soluble in base oils with a polar base oil content of over 50% by weight, even in larger quantities. The polar base oils are selected from esters and polyalkylene glycols made with ethylene oxide as part of the reaction mixture.

Example 9: A base fat C and, based on it, a fat 9 not according to the invention are produced:

The basic fat C is assigned to NLGI class 1. The base oil has a kinematic viscosity of 130 mm ² /sec at 40°C and is a non-polar mixture of mineral oil/PAO. The oxygen/carbon ratio is almost 0. The thickener is a mixture of urea/calcium complex soap. In addition, common additives are included for oxidative stabilization, to improve load-bearing capacity and to protect against corrosion. Adding the ionic liquid does not improve the service life; the L 50 value is even reduced. It turns out that in fats whose base oil is non-polar (mineral oil and PAO), no improvement is achieved by using the ionic liquid.

Example 10

A lubricating grease D is produced with the following composition:

41% by weight trimellitic acid ester A with C9 - C11 V 40 approx. 72 mmVsec (oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.20)

17% by weight PIB, Mn approx. 1300 g/mol determined with GPC (oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.0) 20% by weight alkylated diphenyl ether, V 40 approx. 100 mm ² /sec (oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.04)

13% by weight lithium complex thickener from azelaic acid/12-hydroxystearic acid 4% by weight of internal antioxidant

5% by weight additive package corrosion protection, AW and EP

The proportion by weight of the trimellitic acid ester A in the total base oil is 52.6% by weight.

The composition according to the invention shows advantages in terms of the reduction of the specific resistance, the low-temperature behavior (flow pressure) and the avoidance of hardening when stored at 180 ° C (no increase in dynamic viscosity).

Example 11: Solubility study of N8881 fsi in an Estolid base oil

N8881 fsi is soluble in the Estolide base oil in the concentration range tested. As the amount of IL increases, the specific resistance is reduced.

The base oil used here is suitable for producing a lubricant composition according to the invention since only base oil A is present and the solubility of N1888fsi is therefore sufficient.

Evaluation of the test results

Overall, it has been proven that lubricant compositions and in particular fats that contain ionic liquids based on fsi as anion achieve performance values that are in the range of a product additived with ionic liquids based on bta. Ionic liquids based on fsi are therefore a good alternative to ionic liquids containing bta. In addition, fsi-based additives have the advantage over additives containing bta that they do not contain any persistent CFx groups.

In the experiments in which the P666(14) fsi was examined in its pure form, the results show, as expected, a lower thermal stability compared to P666(14) bta. This can be explained primarily by the fact that the anion lacks strong carbon-fluorine compounds, which has an overall effect on the stability of the molecule.

Surprisingly, the difference in performance between the two ionic liquids is significantly smaller when used as an additive in fat be used. The values of the tested properties show that the P666(14) fsi has a very similar performance effect in the grease system under consideration as P666(14) bta. Specifications for height or

Low temperature properties as well as electrical conductivity can be met with the fsi material as an additive in the temperature ranges under consideration.

In addition, the specifications regarding corrosion stability can also be met with the lubricant composition according to the invention.

Overall, it was shown that lubricant compositions that contain ionic liquids based on fsi are a good alternative to lubricant compositions with bta-containing ionic liquids in terms of their performance. In addition, the lubricant compositions according to the invention have no persistent CFx groups and are therefore biodegradable.

Test methods

To determine the solubility of the ionic liquid N1888 fsi in the base oils or base oils, the base oil or base oils that form the base oils are placed in a beaker and N1888 fsi is added in the respective concentration. The mixture is stirred at 60 ° C for 10 min using a magnetic stirrer. After cooling to room temperature, the mixtures are examined visually and the electrical resistance is determined. N1888 fsi is insoluble in base oil or base oil at a certain concentration if, when measuring the turbidity according to DIN EN ISO 7027 -1:2016-11 at 25°C, the turbidity value is more than 1 FNU higher than for pure base oil or base oil. Likewise, N1888 fsi is insoluble in base oil or base oil at a certain concentration when two or more phases form. N1888 fsi is soluble in base oil or base oil at a certain concentration if, when measuring the turbidity according to DIN EN ISO 7027 -1:2016-11 at 25°C, the turbidity value is at most 1 FNU higher than for pure base oil or base oil. The preferred measuring device used is a 2100 AN IS from Hach.

To determine the kinematic viscosity at 40°C, 100°C, the viscosity index and the densities at 40°C and 100°C, a Stabinger viscometer in accordance with ASTM D 7042, Edition 2021.01 is used, unless otherwise stated.

Determination of the carbon content: ASTM D 5291:2021 is used to determine the carbon content.

JPI-5S-68-11 is used to determine the oxygen content. The oxygen/carbon weight ratio is obtained from the mass fraction of oxygen (wt.%), determined according to JPI-5S-68-11, by dividing it with the carbon fraction (wt.%), determined according to ASTM D 5291:2021.

Claims

Patent claims Lubricant composition comprising: a) 20 to 99.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of a base oil, the base oil having a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least at a room temperature of 20 ° C 3% by weight and wherein the base oil has a base oil A in a proportion of at least 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil, the base oil A having a solubility for the ionic liquid methyltrioctylammonium at a room temperature of 20 ° C. bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide of at least 3% by weight, b) 0.5 to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, of an ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. Lubricant composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the base oil A in a proportion of 50 to 100% by weight and / or in a proportion of more than 55% by weight, for example from 55 to 100% by weight, and / or in a A proportion of more than 60% by weight, for example from 60 to 100% by weight, more preferably in a proportion of more than 70% by weight, for example from 70 to 100% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the base oil. Lubricant composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the base oil, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 40% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 60% by weight to 90% by weight, even more preferred 70% by weight to 95% by weight and in particular 75% by weight to 85% by weight. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the proportion of base oil A, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, is 10% by weight to 99.5% by weight, more preferably 35% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably 40% by weight to 90% by weight, in particular 35% by weight to 85% by weight. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base oil A is an ester and/or a polyglycol, preferably a polyglycol containing unsubstituted ethylene units as a carbon group in the repeating unit. Lubricant composition according to claim 5, characterized in that the ester has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of more than 0.1, for example from 0.2 to 0.35 and/or the polyglycol has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of more than 0.44, for example from 0.44 to 0.70. Lubricant composition according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the polyglycol is selected from homopolymers of ethylene oxide as the sole monomer and / or copolymers with unsubstituted ethyl groups and 1-methylethyl groups as carbon groups in the repeating unit, the proportion by weight of the unsubstituted ethylene units in the copolymers preferably being at least 20% by weight, for example 20 % by weight to 90% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, for example 30% by weight to 90% by weight, based on the total weight of the polyglycol and where the end groups of the polyglycols, independently of one another, are preferably hydroxide groups and/or C1- C20 alkoxide groups are. Lubricant composition according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the ester is selected from carboxylic acid esters, preferably monoesters, diesters, triesters, tetraesters, pentaesters, polyesters, preferably estolides and mixtures thereof. Lubricant composition according to one or more of claims 5, 6, or 8, characterized in that the ester is selected from the group consisting of aliphatic esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with a carbon number of C 5 to C 22 with an aliphatic tri present individually or in mixtures , tetra, hexa-alcohol with a carbon number of C 3 to C10, in particular trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and / or dipentaerythritol, and / or aliphatic ester of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, with a carbon number of C6 to C20, with an aliphatic mono present individually or in mixtures - and/or dialcohol with a carbon number of 6 to 22, estolides, aromatic esters of aromatic tri- and tetracarboxylic acids with one or in a mixture of aliphatic C7 to C22 alcohols and mixtures thereof. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base oil contains the base oil A in a mixture with a base oil B, the base oil B having a solubility for the at a room temperature of 20 ° C Ionic liquid has methyltrioctylammonium bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide of less than 3% by weight. Lubricant composition according to claim 10, characterized in that the base oil B is a base oil B1 which has an oxygen/carbon weight ratio of at most 0.1, for example from 0 to 0.1 and / or that the base oil B is a base oil B2, which has a proportion of halogens and/or silicon of more than 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the base oil B2. Lubricant composition according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the base oil B is selected from the group consisting of base oils of groups I, II, II+, III, IV and base oils of group V according to the classification of the American Petroleum Institute (API) [ NLGI Spokesman, N. Samman, Volume 70, Number U, p.14ff], preferably diphenyl ethers, alkylated naphthalenes, polyisobutylenes, silicone oils, polytetrahydrofurans and oxetane polymers, polyalkylene glycols which have ethylene units substituted with aliphatic and / or aromatic alkyl groups, the proportion by weight of unsubstituted ethylene units in the polyalkylene glycols is less than 20% by weight based on the total weight of the polyalkylene glycol and aliphatic esters of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, with a carbon number of C 22 to C40, preferably C34 to C38, with an aliphatic mono- and /or dialcohol with a carbon number of 6 to 22, aliphatic esters of aliphatic tricarboxylic acids, with a carbon number of C33 to C60, preferably C50 to C58 with one individually or in mixtures present aliphatic mono- and/or dialcohol with one

Carbon number from 6 to 22 and mixtures thereof.

13. Lubricant composition according to one or more of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the proportion of base oil B is at most 48% by weight, for example 5 to 48% by weight, more preferably at most 40% by weight, for example 10% by weight 40% by weight, in particular at most 30% by weight, for example 10 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and / or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is at least 50:50, particularly preferably at least 60 :40, more preferably at least 70:30, in particular at least 80:20.

14. Lubricant composition according to one or more of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 50:50 to 60:40 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0 .5 to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and/or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 60:40 to 70:30 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, 0.5% by weight to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, and/or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 70:30 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid whose anion is Bis( fluorosulfonyl)imide is 0.5% by weight to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition and/or the weight ratio between base oil A and base oil B is 80:20 to 90:10 and the proportion of ionic liquid, which anion Bis(fluorosulfonyl)im id is 0.5% by weight to 80% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a kinematic viscosity at 40 °C of 20 mm ² /sec to 1500 mm ² /sec, preferably from 20 mm ² /sec to 320 mm ² /sec. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ionic liquid has a cation selected from the group consisting of symmetrical and asymmetrical ammonium ions, NR1R2R3R4+ and phosphonium ions PR1R2R3R4+, where the radicals Ri to R4 are independently branched or unbranched, substituted or unsubstituted Ci to C24, preferably Ci to Cis, particularly preferably Ce to Cis alkyl groups or Ce to C30 aryl groups. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it does not contain any ionic liquid whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or ionic liquids whose anion is not bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, in a proportion of at most 0 .5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it does not contain any ionic liquid containing perfluoroalkyl groups or ionic liquids containing perfluoroalkyl groups in one proportion of at most 0.5% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the ionic liquid, the anion of which is bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, is selected from the group consisting of:

Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

Methyltrioctylammonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

Tributyltetradecylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

Tetraoctylphosphonium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

and mixtures thereof. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains a thickener in a proportion of 3 to 35% by weight, more preferably from 4 to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition, wherein the thickener is preferably selected from urea, aluminum complex soaps, metal simple soaps of the elements of the 1st and 2nd main groups of the periodic table, in particular lithium simple soaps, metal complex soaps of the elements of 1. and 2nd main group of the periodic table, in particular lithium complex soaps, bentonite, sulfonate, silicate, polyimide and mixtures thereof. Lubricant composition according to claim 20, characterized in that the thickener is a urea, preferably a urea which is a reaction product of a diisocyanate, preferably 2,4-diisocyanatotoluene, 2,6-diisocyanatotoluene, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylmethane 2,4'- Diisocyantodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl, 4,4'-diisocyanato-3,3'-dimethylphenylmethane, which can be used individually or in combination with an amine or Diamine of the general formula (H2N)XR, where x = 1 or 2, and R is an aryl, alkyl, cycloalkyl or alkylene radical with 2 to 22 carbon atoms, which are present individually or in combination. Lubricant composition according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the thickener is a diurea containing aliphatic, cycloaliphatic/aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic ureas, preferably a diurea represented by formula A,

°?

R - NHCNH - R ₂ - NHCNH-Rj Formula (Ä) where R2 is a divalent aromatic C6-15 hydrocarbon residue; and Ri and R3 are independently a C6-20 cycloalkyl radical, in particular cyclohexyl radical or a straight-chain or branched C8-20 alkyl radical. Lubricant composition according to one or more of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that the thickener is a lithium complex soap, preferably a lithium complex soap, prepared starting from C4-C36 dicarboxylic acids, preferably azelaic acid, sebacic acid, suberic acid, terephthalic acid, dodecanedioic acid and / or starting from higher-functional carboxylic acids with 3 or more, preferably 3 to 4, carboxylic acid groups, the number of carbon groups being 6 to 60, such as preferably citric acid and trimer acids, and/or starting from ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and/or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids, each combined with one or more monocarboxylic acids, preferably combined with one or more C4-C24 monocarboxylic acids, preferably stearic acid, hydroxystearic acid, in particular 12-hydroxystearic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, salicylic acid, ester compounds, in particular methyl esters and / or triglycerides of one or more of the aforementioned acids and / or combined with sebacic acid monostearylamide and/or terephthalic acid monostearylamide. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains, as an additive, an aromatic amine, preferably selected from styrenized diphenylamine, phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine, phenyl-beta-naphthylamine, octylated and/or butylated diphenylamine, in particular p, p' -Dioctyldiphenylamine, nonylated diphenylamine, preferably in a proportion of 0.5% by weight to 23% by weight, still more preferably from 0.5% by weight to 20% by weight, in particular from 0.5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the lubricant composition.

25. Lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by a lower usage temperature of not greater than -30°C, preferably not greater than -40°C according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and/or an upper usage temperature of at least +160°C , preferably at least +180°C DIN 51821 1 +2, edition 2016,7.

26. Use of a lubricant composition according to one or more of the preceding claims for the lubrication of drive elements, preferably roller bearings, gears, plain bearings, actuators and / or chains, electrical potentials preferably being applied to the drive elements.

27. Use according to claim 26, characterized in that the drive elements are selected from pulley bearings, fan bearings, vacuum pump bearings, roller bearings of electric motors, in particular of hybrid and electric vehicles, generators, in particular of electric vehicles and rail vehicles, wind turbines, industrial engines, auxiliary units in vehicles and / or joints of vehicles.

28. Use according to claim 26 or 27, characterized in that the lubricant composition is used to lubricate drive elements, preferably rolling bearings, in which a lower use temperature of the lubricant composition of not greater than -30 ° C is preferred not greater than -40°C according to IP 186, Edition 2015 and/or preferably an upper operating temperature of at least +160°C, preferably at least +180°C, determined according to DIN 51821 1 +2 Edition 2016,7) is necessary.