WO2024013756A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un adsorbant mésoporeux pour la désulfuration d'hydrocarbures - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un adsorbant mésoporeux pour la désulfuration d'hydrocarbures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2024013756A1 WO2024013756A1 PCT/IN2022/050824 IN2022050824W WO2024013756A1 WO 2024013756 A1 WO2024013756 A1 WO 2024013756A1 IN 2022050824 W IN2022050824 W IN 2022050824W WO 2024013756 A1 WO2024013756 A1 WO 2024013756A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- mixing
- zinc
- metal salt
- alkali carbonate
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims description 19
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 71
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013904 zinc acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 40
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYAQZIAVOLKEGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene Chemical compound S1C2=C(C)C=CC=C2C2=C1C(C)=CC=C2 MYAQZIAVOLKEGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical class [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 sulphides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-adamantyl)-3-aminothiourea Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(NC(=S)NN)C3 XIOUDVJTOYVRTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018605 Ni—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUCBICXOWNTEAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[O--].[Ni++].[Zn++] Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[Ni++].[Zn++] WUCBICXOWNTEAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012062 aqueous buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dinitrate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 IYYZUPMFVPLQIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011174 lab scale experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G25/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents
- C10G25/003—Specific sorbent material, not covered by C10G25/02 or C10G25/03
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the method of preparation of a material composed of metal oxide on zinc oxide by co-precipitation method.
- the said materials shall be applied for removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon fuels, particularly naphtha, diesel.
- HDS Hydro- Desulfurization
- Hydrodesulfurization can efficiently remove sulfur from sterically less hindered sulphur compounds such as sulphides, disulphides and thiols, however, it requires severe process conditions to remove aromatic sulfur compounds such as di-benzothiophene (DBT) and 4,6 dimethyl-di-benzothiophene (4,6- DMDBT) due to the steric hindrance.
- DBT di-benzothiophene
- 4,6- DMDBT 4,6 dimethyl-di-benzothiophene
- octane loss due to the saturation of olefins.
- Reactive Adsorptive Desulfurization is alternative approach to ultra-deep desulfurization because it combines the advantages of HDS and Adsorptive Desulfurization (ADS), low hydrogen consumption, could remove refractory sulfur compounds.
- S-Zorb process by Conoco Philips Petroleum Company is based on reactive adsorptive desulphurisation, which utilizes an adsorbent containing transition metals loaded on support of metal oxide.
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,894,185 discloses a method for manufacturing a zinc oxide based powder by coprecipitation method.
- U.S. Pat. No. 9,663,725 discloses a catalytic composition of adsorbent comprised of highly dispersed crystals of ZnO, CuO and optionally CeCh by co-precipitation method.
- Alkaline solution at least one of (Nkk CCh, Na2CO3 and NH4HCO3 used to precipitate and combined the precipitate with binder selected from the group consisting of poly-ethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, a sol of aluminum pseudoboehmite and silica gel to form an extrudate mixture.
- U.S. Pat. No. 9,663,724 discloses a method for synthesis of alumina/NiO/ZnO and Alumina/ZnO via a novel modified hydrothermal method. Specifically, the document discloses an alumina/NiO/ZnO and an alumina/ZnO composite, a method in which the composites are obtained, and a method in which the composites are used as adsorbents in a method of desulfurization of diesel fuel.
- the method for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon composition include contacting an alumina/NiO/ZnO material with the hydrocarbon composition to adsorb one or more sulfur compounds present in the hydrocarbon composition on the alumina/NiO/ZnO material, wherein the alumina/NiO/ZnO material has a surface area of 10-15 m2/g.
- U.S. Pat. No. 8,623,220 discloses a simple, room temperature method for producing CuO-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles by reacting with zinc nitrate hexahydrate, copper nitrate trihydrate and cyclo-hexylamine at room temperature.
- H2S is absent in the gas phase during sulfidation in a fixed bed reactor for both reduced and unreduced solids, showing that all produced H2S is rapidly absorbed by ZnO.
- the document used very low molar concentrations of metal solution (0.0221 M of Zn & 0.0054 M of Ni) and long aging time for getting high surface area.
- the residual sodium decreases the adsorbent surface area and pore volume, suppresses the interaction between Ni and ZnO, and leads to an increase in the crystallite size of the active species.
- the residual sodium is enriched on the adsorbent surface upon calcination and reduction treatment, which may promote the formation of the catalytically inactive Ni-Zn and NaZn(OH)3 species.
- the powder adsorbent of Nickel-Zinc oxide is prepared by using 0.25 M concentration of metal solution and refluxing the precipitation at 90 °C for 3 hours.
- the adsorbent materials are prepared under a higher temperature of precipitation, with a longer aging time of precipitate, with the usage of additive/templating agent, and at low metal solution concentration to get high surface area. Preparation method and conditions significantly influence the adsorbent properties like surface area, pore volume, and pore width and particle size.
- the present invention describes the method for preparation of mesoporous adsorbent by temperature assisted co-precipitation method and their use for adsorptive desulfurization of hydrocarbon fuels using mesoporous adsorbent.
- the method includes the steps of preparing a first solution by dissolution of a zinc salt in a deionized water and preparing a second solution by dissolution of a metal salt selected from group consisting of nitrates, sulphates, chlorides of Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn, wherein, the dissolution is carried out in deionized water. Then preparing a metal salt solution by mixing the first solution and the second solution under a set of mixing conditions. Then preparing an alkali carbonate solution by dissolution of alkali carbonate in deionized water. Thereafter, precipitating the metal salt solution by mixing the metal salt solution with the alkali carbonate solution to prepare a slurry. Followinged by aging of the slurry, followed by filtration and thermal treatments of the precipitate obtained after the mixing to obtain the said adsorbent material.
- a metal salt selected from group consisting of nitrates, sulphates, chlorides of Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn
- the precipitation is performed at lower temperature, between 25-50 °C, by addition of a precipitating solution to the metal salt solution until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8 and it is completed in 45 minutes and a slurry is prepared.
- the precipitating solution is an alkali carbonate solution prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water. The total metal oxide content on a dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at about 2.4 wt. %.
- the precipitation is performed at elevated temperature of 50-90 °C by addition of precipitating solution to the metal salt solution until the pH of the resultant solution reaches 8 and it is completed in 40 minutes and a slurry is prepared.
- the precipitating solution is an alkali carbonate solution prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water. The total metal oxide concentration on a dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at about 2.6 wt. %.
- the precipitation is performed at temperature between 25-50 °C, by addition of precipitating solution to the metal salt solution containing moles of Ni/Zn until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8 and it is completed in 30 minutes and a slurry is prepared.
- the precipitating solution is an alkali carbonate solution prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water.
- the total metal oxide concentration on dry basis in the slurry is maintained at 2.5 wt. %.
- the temperature of the mixture solution is raised to an elevated temperature between 50-90 ° C.
- the total metal oxide concentration on dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at 3.6 wt. %.
- the adsorbents were tested at batch scale for desulphurization of hydrocarbons.
- the adsorbent has to be reduced under hydrogen atmosphere followed by adsorptive desulphurization.
- the hydrocarbon feed can be any hydrocarbon stream with boiling point less than 350 °C.
- FIG 1 illustrates Powder X-ray diffraction patterns of the adsorbent materials
- FIG 2 illustrates H2-Temperature Programmed Reduction Profile of the adsorbent material 3.
- the present invention relates to the method of preparation of mesoporous adsorbent by modified co-precipitation method.
- the mesoporous adsorbent material is used for the desulfurization of hydrocarbon stream.
- the method includes the steps of preparing a first solution by dissolution of a zinc salt in a deionized water and preparing a second solution by dissolution of a metal salt selected from group consisting of nitrates, sulphates, chlorides of Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn, wherein, the dissolution is carried out in deionized water. Then preparing a metal salt solution by mixing the first solution and the second solution under a set of mixing conditions.
- the set of mixing conditions are selected from mixing of the metal salt solution with the alkali carbonate solution is carried out by using a two-step mixing process with a temperature variation of 20-50 °C difference between a first step mixing and a second step mixing of the two-step mixing process.
- the concentration of zinc and other metal oxides on dry basis in the slurry obtained after first step mixing is 1 to 3 wt.%.
- the concentration of zinc and other metal oxides on dry basis in the final slurry obtained after second step mixing is 1 to 5 wt.%.
- the first solution is prepared by using one zinc salt selected from the group consisting of zinc nitrate, zinc acetate, zinc chloride and zinc sulphate.
- the second solution is prepared by dissolution of a metal salt selected from group consisting of nitrates, sulphates, chlorides of Cu, Ni, Fe and Mn.
- the zinc salt is more preferably zinc nitrate and zinc chloride and most preferably it is zinc nitrate.
- the metal salt is more preferably nickel nitrate and nickel acetate and more preferably, it is nickel nitrate.
- the individual metal salt solutions are prepared in a concentration of 0.2 to 2 M, more preferably 0.2 to 1.5 M, most preferably 0.25 to 1 M.
- the mole ratio of metal to zinc is maintained at 0.1 to 0.6, more preferably 0.15 to 0.5 and most preferably 0.2 to 0.45.
- the second solution contains a metal to zinc mole ratio of 0.1 to 0.6.
- an alkali carbonate solution is prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water and named as precipitating solution.
- the alkali carbonate solution contains carbonate salts of sodium and/or potassium and/or ammonium.
- the carbonate salt is preferably mix of sodium and potassium more preferably sodium carbonate.
- the solution is maintained at water to alkali carbonate mole ratio of 30 to 100 more preferably 35 to 80 and most preferably 40 to 75.
- the mixing of metal salt solution and the alkali carbonate solution is done using two-step mixing with a temperature variation of 20-50 °C difference between the two steps.
- the first step mixing is done at a temperature of 25 to 50 °C, until pH of the resultant solution reaches to 5-9 more preferably 6-8 and most preferably 7-8.
- the first step resultant slurry contains zinc and other metal oxides on dry basis in is 1 to 4 wt. % more preferably 1 to 3.5 wt. % most preferably 1.5 to 3 wt. %.
- the temperature is raised to a temperature of 50 to 90 °C more preferably 50 to 80 °C most preferably 50 to 70 °C and the concentration of zinc and other metal oxides on dry basis in the resultant slurry is maintained at 1.5 to 6 wt.% more preferably 2 to 5.5 wt.% by addition of metal salt solution and precipitating solutions.
- the final pH of the solution is 8 to 9 or more preferably 8-8.5.
- the slurry is aged for a period of 1 to 12 hours more preferably 1 to 8 hours most preferably 1 to 5 hours at a temperature of 30 to 80 °C more preferably at 40 to 70 °C, most preferably at 40 to 60 °C.
- the solid material is subjected to thermal treatments at 80 to 700 °C for period of 10 to 16 hours more preferably 80 to 600 °C for a period of 10 to 15 hours most preferably 90 to 550 °C for a period of 10 to 14 hours.
- the present invention also provides an adsorbent material for desulfurization of hydrocarbons, wherein, the adsorbent material has a surface area of 25-80 m2/g, and a pore volume of 0.1-0.4 cc/g. Further, the adsorbent material has a surface area of 25-80 m2/g, and wherein a mesoporous surface area is at least 98% of the total surface area.
- the adsorbent material removes at least 90% sulfur from the hydrocarbons.
- the hydrocarbons are selected from diesel, naphtha, or any hydrocarbon stream with boiling range of ⁇ 350 °C.
- the present disclosure is further supported by lab-scale experiments which are set forth for illustration purposes only and not to be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure.
- the following batch scale experiment can be scaled up to industrial/commercial scale.
- the adsorbent is loaded in the batch reactor and reduced under a continuous hydrogen pressure of 20-70 bar & at a temperature between 400-550 °C, preferably 450-500 °C.
- the hydrocarbon feed is added to maintain the adsorbent to feed ratio within 0.2 to 0.01.
- the feed can be any hydrocarbon stream with a boiling point of ⁇ 350 °C with refractory sulfur.
- the adsorptive desulphurization of the hydrocarbon feed is conducted at a pressure of 20- 70 bar, preferably 50-60 bar and a temperature of 300-400 °C, preferably 330-360 °C.
- the preparation of Example 1 adsorbent material includes the initial preparation of the metal salt solution and precipitating solution.
- the metal salt solution is prepared by dissolving Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O in 263 ml of deionized water to maintain a Ni/Zn mole ratio of 0.32.
- the precipitating solution is prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water, which is maintained at a water to alkali carbonate mole ratio of 55.5.
- the co-precipitation is performed at a temperature of 25 °C by addition of precipitating solution to the metal salt solution until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8 and it is completed in 45 minutes.
- the total metal oxide content on dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at 2.4 wt. %.
- the resultant slurry is aged at room temperature for 60 minutes followed by filtration and washing with deionized water.
- the resultant solid mass is subjected to thermal treatments at 120 °C for 10 hours followed by 500 °C for 4 hours.
- the properties of the adsorbent are presented in Table 1.
- the preparation of Example 2 adsorbent material includes the initial preparation of the metal salt solution and precipitating solution.
- the metal salt solution is prepared by dissolving Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O in 263 ml of deionized water to maintain a Ni/Zn mole ratio of 0.32.
- the precipitating solution is prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water, which is maintained at a water to alkali carbonate mole ratio of 55.5.
- the co-precipitation is performed at 50 °C by addition of precipitating solution to the metal salt solution until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8 and it is completed in 40 minutes.
- the total metal oxide concentration on dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at 2.6 wt.
- the resultant slurry is aged at 50 °C for 60 minutes followed by filtration and washing with deionized water.
- the resultant solid mass is subjected to thermal treatments at 120 °C for 10 hours followed by 500 °C for 4 hours.
- the properties of the adsorbent are presented in Table 2.
- the preparation of Example 3 adsorbent material includes the initial preparation of the metal salt solution and precipitating solution.
- the metal salt solution is prepared by dissolving Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O in 132 ml of deionized water to maintain a Ni/Zn mole ratio of 0.32.
- the precipitating solution is prepared by dissolving alkali carbonate in deionized water, which is maintained at a water to alkali carbonate mole ratio of 55.5.
- the co-precipitation is performed at a temperature of 25 °C by addition of precipitating solution to the metal salt solution containing moles of Ni/Zn until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8 and it is completed in 30 minutes.
- the total metal oxide concentration on dry basis in the slurry is maintained at 2.5 wt. %.
- To this slurry add another 132 ml of metal salt solution containing Zn(NO3)2.6H2O and Ni(NO3)2.6H2O with Ni/Zn mole ratio of 0.32.
- the pH of the mixture is at 5.
- the temperature of the mixture solution is raised to 50 °C, co-precipitation is performed by addition of precipitating solution to the mixture solution until the pH of the resultant solution reaches to 8, and it is completed in 30 minutes.
- the total metal oxide concentration on dry basis in the final slurry is maintained at 3.6 wt. %.
- the resultant slurry is aged at 50 °C for 60 minutes followed by filtration and washing with deionized water.
- the resultant solid mass is subjected to thermal treatments at 120 °C for 10 hours followed by 500 °C for 4 hours.
- the properties of the adsorbent are presented in Table 3.
- the adsorbent material mentioned in the Examples 1, 2 and 3 are tested for desulfurization of diesel. Prior to the reaction, the adsorbent material was reduced under H2 environment at 500 °C for 240 minutes. The desulfurization of diesel was performed using 3 wt. % of adsorbent material with respect to feed at 300°C at H2 pressure of 60 bar for residence time of 30 minutes. After the reaction, the liquid product was collected and analyzed. The activity results are presented in Table 4 and 5.
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Abstract
La présente invention concerne un procédé de préparation d'un adsorbant mésoporeux pour une désulfuration profonde. L'adsorbant mésoporeux est constitué d'oxyde métallique et d'oxyde de zinc. Le procédé consiste en une coprécipitation assistée par des traitements thermiques. L'adsorbant mésoporeux synthétisé est utilisé comme adsorbant pour éliminer les composés soufrés réfractaires présents dans le flux d'hydrocarbures.
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