WO2024011914A1 - 林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法 - Google Patents

林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024011914A1
WO2024011914A1 PCT/CN2023/078417 CN2023078417W WO2024011914A1 WO 2024011914 A1 WO2024011914 A1 WO 2024011914A1 CN 2023078417 W CN2023078417 W CN 2023078417W WO 2024011914 A1 WO2024011914 A1 WO 2024011914A1
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Prior art keywords
forestry
parts
strips
strip
emamectin salt
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PCT/CN2023/078417
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆建卫
陆春锋
吴烨飞
常宏
朱建新
沈波
祝金山
司文
钱江伟
成玉彤
杨佳炎
俞海燕
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浙江钱江生物化学股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024011914A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024011914A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/34—Shaped forms, e.g. sheets, not provided for in any other sub-group of this main group
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P5/00—Nematocides
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of insect control technology, and in particular to a strip agent for forestry, a preparation method and a method of use.
  • Pests have long been a major problem in forestry operations.
  • liquid insecticides are usually used.
  • a large amount of organic solvents are used in the production process of common liquid insect repellent agents, and the active ingredients are low, which leads to large amounts of use during forest operations, poor insect repellent effects, and increased work difficulty.
  • the liquid insect repellent agents are in the process of affecting pine trees. , pine trees will produce rosin, which will cause the liquid insect repellent agent to reflux, further reducing the insect repellent effect; and since the insect repellent agent requires the use of a medicine bag and a transmission tube, it is generally more troublesome to recycle the medicine bag and transmission tube after use. , easily causing environmental pollution.
  • this application provides a forestry strip, preparation method and usage method.
  • this application provides a forestry strip, which includes the following components in parts by mass: 20 to 50 parts of emamectin salt, 1 to 5 parts of preservatives, and 10 to 15 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agents. , 1 part to 2 parts of stabilizer BHT, 10 parts to 30 parts of lubricant and 10 parts to 30 parts of corn starch.
  • the above components are mixed evenly and pressed into strips to obtain a strip medicine.
  • the preparation medicine is in a solid state, and the content of emamectin salt is about 20%-50%.
  • the content of emamectin salt is only Within 10%, the content of emamectin salt in the anti-insect agent is increased, and the anti-insect effect of the anti-insect agent is improved.
  • the medicine prepared by this application is compared with the liquid anti-insect agent. Generally speaking, it improves the convenience of transportation and storage, reduces the difficulty of operation, and is environmentally friendly.
  • the emulsifying and dispersing agent is selected from at least one of sodium lauryl sulfate, poloxamer and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
  • the emulsifying and dispersing agent allows the forestry strip to be quickly emulsified and dispersed after absorbing water inside the tree, and the active ingredients are dispersed more evenly when absorbed by the tree.
  • the emulsifying and dispersing agent can be any one of sodium lauryl sulfate, poloxamer, and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, or a combination of two or three, thereby making the emamectin salt in forestry strips The distribution is more even.
  • the lubricant is selected from at least one of magnesium stearate, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol 6000, glyceryl behenate and talc.
  • the lubricant reduces the friction between the material and the equipment during the stripping process, making the surface of the strip smooth and the demoulding smooth.
  • the lubricant can be any one or two or more combinations of magnesium stearate, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol 6000, glyceryl behenate, and talc.
  • this application provides a method for preparing forestry strips:
  • Granulation mix part or all of the emamectin salt and corn starch evenly, add water for granulation processing to form a granular semi-finished product;
  • Drying dry the granular semi-finished products, dry preservatives, emulsifying dispersants, BHT, lubricants and remaining emamectin salt;
  • the mixed agent is pressed into strips to form forestry strips.
  • the mass proportion of part of the emamectin salt in the granulation step accounts for at least 1/3 of the total of the emamectin salt.
  • a vacuum oven is used in the drying step, and the temperature of the oven is between 50°C and 70°C.
  • the forestry strip is cylindrical, the diameter of the forestry strip is 7mm-8mm, the length of the forestry strip is 18mm-20mm, and the quality of the forestry strip is 0.8 g-1.2g.
  • the diameter of the forestry strip agent is 7mm-8mm, which is easy to put into the trunk and reduces the damage to the trunk drilling.
  • the diameter of the forestry strip agent is 7mm-8mm
  • the length is 18mm-20mm
  • the quality is At 0.8g-1.2g
  • the dissolution speed of forestry strips in tree trunks is relatively moderate, which is easy for trees to absorb and the effect is satisfactory for insect control.
  • this application provides a method for using the strip agent, which is to apply the pesticide to the tree trunk.
  • the tree trunk is 10cm-15cm away from the ground and is drilled at an angle of 10°-20° downward to form an injection hole.
  • the forestry strip is Put the agent into the injection hole, and then seal the injection hole.
  • the tool used for injection and pesticide application on trees is a drill, which drills holes, namely injection holes, at a distance of 10cm-15cm from the ground at a downward angle of 10°-20° on the tree trunk. Then insert the strip into the injection hole and plug the hole with a wooden plug or plasticine to simulate an unpunched state to ensure that the preparation will not fall out.
  • the diameter of the injection hole is 8mm-10mm, and the depth of the injection hole is 8cm-10cm.
  • the hole is drilled at an angle of 10°-20° downward to facilitate the insertion of the strip agent. If the angle is too small, the strip will fall out easily; if the angle is too large, drilling will be more difficult.
  • the diameter of the injection hole is between 8mm and 10mm, and the depth is between 8cm and 10cm. It is adapted to the diameter of the insecticide and the amount of pesticides to be applied, making it easier to put the insecticide without causing excessive damage to the trees.
  • the forestry strip agent is used for Masson pine.
  • the amount of the forestry strip agent is greater.
  • forestry strips are used for insect control treatment of Masson pine. As the diameter at breast height of trees increases, the amount of forestry strips will also increase.
  • the forestry strip includes the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts to 50 parts of emamectin salt, and 1 part of preservative. -5 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agent, 1-2 parts of stabilizer BHT, 10-30 parts of lubricant and 10-30 parts of corn starch.
  • the prepared forestry strip is a solid insect-proof agent, and the emamectin salt content is about 20%-50%.
  • the emamectin salt content of conventional liquid insect-proof agents is within 10%. This application increases the emamectin salt content in the insect-proof agent.
  • the salt content improves the anti-insect effect of the anti-insect agent.
  • the forestry strip agent prepared by this application improves the convenience of transportation and storage, improves the convenience of transportation and storage, and reduces the workload. difficulty, Also environmentally friendly.
  • Figure 1 is the standard curve of emamectin salt.
  • the current insect repellent agents on the market are generally in a liquid state. Due to the low solubility of emamectin salt, the content of emamectin salt in liquid insect repellent agents is basically within 10%. For example, the content of emamectin salt in emamectin salt microemulsions is generally It is 2.3%, which results in a large amount of pesticide application and poor insect control effect. Moreover, traditional liquid insect repellents use more or less flammable and explosive organic solvents during the production process, which causes safety hazards during production, packaging, and transportation, and also pollutes the environment when used. During the research, the inventor invented a strip of solid insect-proof agent, which effectively improves the insect-proof effect, improves the convenience of storage and transportation of the insect-proof agent, and is environmentally friendly.
  • the reagents used in the preparation of forestry strips in this application are all commercially available, and the emamectin salt is derived from the original drug powder with a content of 79% of the emamectin salt.
  • Step 1 Granulate. Mix 30 parts of corn starch and 8 parts of emamectin salt original drug evenly, add water for granulation. At this time, the total mass of emamectin salt is selected to be 20 parts, and 25 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder are selected, of which 1/3 of the total amount of emamectin salt original drug is selected, that is, 8 parts of emamectin salt original drug and corn starch are mixed evenly, Granulation;
  • Step 2 Drying. Put the granulated particles into a vacuum oven and dry them at an oven temperature of 50°C. Combine the remaining materials, including 4 parts of preservatives, 10 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agents, and 1 part of BHT Put 30 parts of lubricant and 17 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder into a vacuum oven and dry them at an oven temperature of 50°C;
  • Step 3 Mix the dried particles and the remaining materials, including 4 parts of preservative, 10 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agent, 1 part of BHT, 30 parts of lubricant, and 17 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder, to obtain a semi-finished product;
  • Step 4 Forming. Put the dried semi-finished product into a hydraulic tablet press and press it into granular finished products. Among them, the finished product is cylindrical, the diameter of the finished product is 7 mm, the mass of the finished product is 0.8 grams, and the length of the finished product is 18 mm.
  • Step 1 Granulate. Mix 20 parts of corn starch and 19 parts of emamectin salt original drug evenly, add water for granulation. At this time, the total mass of emamectin salt is selected to be 30 parts, and 38 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder are selected, of which 1/2 of the total amount of emamectin salt original drug is selected, that is, 19 parts of emamectin salt original drug and corn starch are mixed evenly, Granulation;
  • Step 2 Drying. Put the granulated particles into a vacuum oven and dry them at an oven temperature of 60°C. Put the remaining materials, including 5 parts of preservatives, 13 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agents, 1 part of BHT, 23 parts of lubricants, and 19 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder, into a vacuum oven, and dry them at an oven temperature of 50°C;
  • Step 3 Mix the dried granules and the remaining materials, including 5 parts of preservative, 13 parts of emulsifying and dispersing agent, 1 part of BHT, 23 parts of lubricant, and 19 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder, to obtain a semi-finished product;
  • Step 4 Forming. Put the dried semi-finished product into a hydraulic tablet press and press it into granular finished products. Among them, the finished product is cylindrical and the diameter of the finished product is 7.7 mm. The quality of the finished product is controlled. At 1 gram, the length of the finished product is 18.9 mm.
  • Step 1 Granulate. Mix 10 parts of corn starch and 62.5 parts of emamectin salt original drug evenly, add water for granulation. At this time, the total mass of emamectin salt is selected to be 50 parts, and 62.5 parts of emamectin salt original drug powder are selected. All the emamectin salt original drug and corn starch are mixed evenly and granulated;
  • Step 2 Drying. Put the granulated particles into a vacuum oven and dry them at an oven temperature of 50°C. Put the remaining materials, including 1 part of preservative, 15 parts of emulsification and dispersant, 2 parts of BHT and 10 parts of lubricant, into a vacuum oven and dry them at an oven temperature of 50°C;
  • Step 3 mix the dried particles and the remaining materials, including 1 part preservative, 15 parts emulsifying dispersant, 2 parts BHT and 10 parts lubricant, to obtain a semi-finished product;
  • Step 4 Forming. Put the dried semi-finished product into a hydraulic tablet press and press it into granular finished products. Among them, the finished product is cylindrical, and the diameter of the finished product is 8 mm. When the quality of the finished product is controlled to be 1.2 grams, the length of the finished product is 20 mm.
  • the preservative mainly plays a preservative effect, and sodium benzoate is generally used in industry.
  • the emulsifying and dispersing agent mainly plays the role of emulsifying and dispersing, making the strip quickly emulsified and dispersed after absorbing water inside the tree, and the active ingredients are dispersed more evenly when absorbed by the tree.
  • the lubricant can play a lubricating role to smooth demoulding during stripping. You can choose at least one of magnesium stearate, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol 6000, glyceryl behenate, and talc. That is, the lubricant can be any one or a combination of magnesium stearate, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol 6000, glyceryl behenate, and talc.
  • the corn starch and part or all of the emamectin salt are first granulated to increase the fluidity of the semi-finished product, so that the material added to each feeding hole during layering is evenly distributed without clogging, and the finished product is of the same quality.
  • the mass proportion of emamectin salt in the granulation step accounts for at least 1/3 of the total emamectin salt. Since the fluidity of the emamectin salt original drug is extremely poor, the layering operation cannot be performed without granulation. When the mass proportion of emamectin salt used in granulation is less than 1/3, the fluidity of the material during final layering will be insufficient, which may easily cause machine blockage or uneven material distribution during preparation. This directly results in the inability to press the strips, or the quality of the pressed strips varies.
  • the mass proportion of emamectin salt used for granulation can be flexibly adjusted according to the difference in fluidity of the emamectin salt original drug itself.
  • a method of using insect repellent includes the following steps: Step 1, use a drill to drill a tree trunk at a distance of 10cm-15cm from the ground to form an injection hole; Step 2, according to the ambient temperature, the degree of tree disease and the condition of the tree diameter, select the number of strips, and put the strips into the injection hole; Step 3, seal the injection hole.
  • Step 1 use a drill to drill a tree trunk at a distance of 10cm-15cm from the ground to form an injection hole
  • Step 2 according to the ambient temperature, the degree of tree disease and the condition of the tree diameter, select the number of strips, and put the strips into the injection hole
  • Step 3 seal the injection hole.
  • step 1 you can choose a drill bit of 8mm-10mm and tilt it downward 10°-20° to drill. Drill holes at an angle of 10°-20° downward to facilitate the placement of the strips. If the angle is less than 10°, the strip will easily fall out; if the angle is greater than 20°, drilling will be more difficult and the tree will be easily damaged.
  • the diameter of the injection hole is between 8mm and 10mm, and the depth is between 8cm and 10cm. It is adapted to the diameter of the insecticide and the amount of pesticides to be applied, making it easier to put the insecticide without causing excessive damage to the trees.
  • the experimental site is located at the East Lake Campus of Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Lin'an District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang province.
  • Lin'an is located in the northwest of Zhejiang province, at the southern edge of the mid-subtropical monsoon climate zone. It has a monsoon climate, with warm and humid conditions, sufficient sunlight, four distinct seasons, and an average annual temperature of 16 °C.
  • the masson pine in the forest is growing well, with an average diameter at breast height of 10cm-20cm. No chemicals were used before the test.
  • This application uses a forestry strip containing 34% emamectin salt content.
  • the forestry strip is prepared by the above method; chromatography grade methanol, chromatography grade acetonitrile (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.); ODS filler (Japan) Daso Co., Ltd.); triethylamine (Tianjin Bodi Chemical Co., Ltd.).
  • Cordless impact wrench (Jiangsu Dayi Mechanical and Electrical Tools Co., Ltd.); multi-function crusher (Zhejiang Hongjingtian Industry and Trade Co., Ltd.); standard screen (Shaoxing Shangyu District Haoquan Sieve Factory); KQ-500E ultrasonic cleaning instrument (Kunshan Ultrasonic Instrument Co., Ltd.); IKA-RV10 basic vertical rotary evaporator (Guangzhou Yike Laboratory Technology Co., Ltd.); Waters600 high performance liquid chromatograph (Waters Company of the United States).
  • Masson pine trees that were sprayed with dry spray was randomly selected for the test, and samples were taken three months after the spray was sprayed with dry spray.
  • According to the distribution pattern of the masson pine branches cut the main trunk of the masson pine tree into several sections and retain the side branches of each part. Dry naturally in the laboratory, accurately weigh and record the weight of each part of the masson pine, and then crush each part of the sample into fine pieces. Small sawdust, passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and tested according to the above sample extraction, purification and detection methods. Detect the residual amount of each part and calculate the conduction efficiency.
  • the actual detection value is the sum of the acitretin content of each section of pine wood.
  • the column temperature is 25°C.
  • the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in four masson pine trees after 30 days, 60 days and 90 days of dry application were 1.925mg/kg, 1.5825mg/kg and 2.2425mg/kg, indicating that the strips are used in forestry
  • the agent can be effectively conducted in the masson pine body in autumn.
  • Table 7 The transmission and distribution dynamics of forestry strips in pine trees in autumn
  • the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in four masson pine trees after 30 days, 60 days and 90 days of dry application were 3.5725mg/kg, 4.62mg/kg and 7.71mg/kg, indicating that the strips are used in forestry
  • the agent can be effectively conducted in the masson pine body in spring.
  • Table 8 The transmission and distribution dynamics of forestry strips in pine trees in winter
  • This application uses methanol as the extraction liquid, ultrasonic vibration for 20 minutes, repeat the extraction test three times, and then perform evaporation and concentration.
  • high performance liquid chromatography detection was performed. Through the test using this method, there is a good linear relationship between the concentration of emamectin salt and the peak area detected by high performance liquid chromatography.
  • the conductive performance test of forestry strips was carried out in the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter. After 30 days, 60 days and 90 days of dry application in spring, the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in the forestry strips in masson pine were 4.6125mg/kg, 6.18mg/kg and 4.265mg/kg. Salt conduction efficiency is 90.27%. After 30 days, 60 days and 90 days of dry application in summer, the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in masson pine were 4.255mg/kg, 4.2025mg/kg and 4.47mg/kg.
  • the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in masson pine were 1.925mg/kg, 1.5825mg/kg, 2.2425mg/kg, and the conduction efficiency was 85.55%.
  • the average residual amounts of emamectin salt in Masson pine were 3.5725mg/kg, 4.62mg/kg and 7.71mg/kg, and the conduction efficiency was 91.74%.
  • the temperature can affect the amount of rosin secreted by the tree, and the secretion of rosin greatly affects the use of liquid insect repellent.
  • liquid insect repellent When liquid insect repellent is sprayed dry, the application effect is often reduced due to the reflux of rosin. Poor, insect repellent effect is low.
  • Experimental site A Xiaoyuan Street, Anji County, Zhejiang province, is a pine wood nematode epidemic area. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with sufficient sunshine, mild climate, four distinct seasons, and an average annual temperature of 16.6°C.
  • Experimental site B Longxing Village, Laolong Town, Longchuan County, Guangdong province, is a pine wood nematode epidemic area. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with warm weather, abundant rain and sunshine, and the annual average temperature is 21.8°C.
  • This application selected two test plots with different geographical locations for research to test whether forestry strips can be conducted in areas with strong rosin secretion, and the control effect after dry application in the forest.
  • the results of pesticide application in the forest show that the forestry strips can be effectively transmitted within the body of masson pine trees in both places, and the emamectin salt can be effectively transmitted to all parts of the pine trees.
  • the amount of rosin secreted by pine trees is an important factor in whether the dry injection agent can be effectively conducted in the pine tree. The higher the temperature, the more vigorous the rosin secretion.
  • This application carried out injection dry application at the same time in the two test sites. However, during the injection period, the temperatures in the two places were different.

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Abstract

一种林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法，其中，所述林业用条剂按重量份数计算包括以下组分：甲维盐20份-50份，防腐剂1份-5份，乳化分散剂10份-15份、稳定剂BHT 1份-2份，润滑剂10份-30份以及玉米淀粉10份-30份。所述林业用条剂为固态防虫药剂，且甲维盐含量为20%-50%左右，相对于常规的液态防虫药剂中甲维盐含量在10%之内，增加了防虫药剂中甲维盐的含量，提高了防虫药剂的防虫效果，同时提高了运输存储的便捷性，降低了作业难度，且对环境友好。

Description

林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法 技术领域
本申请涉及防虫技术的领域，尤其是涉及一种林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法。
背景技术
长期以来，虫害一直是林业作业的一大难题，为避免和解决虫害问题，通常采用液体状防虫药剂。常见的液体状防虫药剂生产过程中使用大量的有机溶剂，有效成分较低，导致林间作业时使用量大，防虫效果不佳，增加作业难度，且液体状防虫药剂在对松树作用的过程中，松树会产生松脂，从而使得液体状防虫药剂产生反流现象，进一步降低了防虫效果；且由于防虫药剂需要使用装药袋以及传输管，一般使用完成后，装药袋和传输管回收较为麻烦，容易造成环境污染。
发明内容
为了提高林业的防护，本申请提供一种林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法。
第一方面，本申请提供一种林业用条剂，按质量份数计算，包括以下组分：甲维盐20份-50份，防腐剂1份-5份，乳化分散剂10份-15份、稳定剂BHT1份-2份，润滑剂10份-30份以及玉米淀粉10份-30份。
通过采用上述技术方案，将上述组分混合均匀压条得到条剂药品，该调剂药品为固态，且甲维盐含量为20％-50％左右，相对于常规的液态防虫药剂中甲维盐含量只有10％之内来说，增加了防虫药剂中甲维盐的含量，提高了防虫药剂的防虫效果，同时本申请制备的药品相较于液态防虫药剂 来说，提高了运输存储的便捷性，降低了作业难度，同时对环境友好。
可选的，所述乳化分散剂选择十二烷基硫酸钠、泊洛沙姆以及十二烷基苯磺酸钠中至少一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，乳化分散剂使得林业用条剂在树木内部吸水后快速乳化分散，被树木吸收时有效成分分散更加均匀。乳化分散剂可以选择十二烷基硫酸钠、泊洛沙姆、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的任意一种，或两种或三种组合，从而使得林业用条剂中甲维盐的分布更加均匀。
可选的，所述润滑剂选择硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、聚乙二醇6000、山嵛酸甘油酯以及滑石粉中至少一种。
通过采用上述技术方案，润滑剂降低了物料在压条过程中与设备之间产生的摩擦力，使得条剂表面光滑，脱模顺利。润滑剂可选择硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、聚乙二醇6000、山嵛酸甘油酯、滑石粉中任意一种或两种、多种组合。
第二方面，本申请提供一种林业用条剂的制备方法：
造粒，对部分或全部甲维盐、玉米淀粉混合均匀，加水进行造粒处理形成颗粒状半成品；
烘干，将颗粒状半成品烘干，防腐剂、乳化分散剂、BHT、润滑剂以及剩余的甲维盐烘干；
混合，将颗粒状半成品与防腐剂、乳化分散剂、BHT、润滑剂以及剩余的甲维盐混合均匀；
成型，将混合后的药剂进行压条形成林业用条剂。
通过采用上述技术方案，先进行造粒，目的增加物料流动性，使物料 在制造设备中运动得更加顺畅，降低物料在制造设备中发生堵塞和分布不均匀的情况。
可选的，所述造粒步骤中的部分所述甲维盐的质量比例至少占所述甲维盐的总和的1/3。
通过采用上述技术方案，由于甲维盐的流动性极差，不造粒无法进行压条操作，造粒所用甲维盐的质量占比小于1/3时，压条时物料流动性不足，在制备时容易造成机器堵塞，或者物料分布不匀，直接导致无法压条，或压好的条剂每颗质量不等。
可选的，所述烘干步骤中采用真空烘箱，所述烘箱的温度在50℃-70℃。
通过采用上述技术方案，烘箱温度低于50℃，水分很难烘干，温度高于70℃，制备的药品容易失活。
可选的，所述林业用条剂呈圆柱状，所述林业用条剂的直径为7mm-8mm，所述林业用条剂的长度为18mm-20mm，所述林业用条剂的质量为0.8g-1.2g。
通过采用上述技术方案，林业用条剂的直径为7mm-8mm便于放入树干中，减少对树干钻孔的伤害，当林业用条剂的直径为7mm-8mm，长度为18mm-20mm，质量为0.8g-1.2g时，林业用条剂在树干中的溶解速度较为适中，便于树木的吸收，效果满足防虫效果。
第三方面，本申请提供一种条剂的使用方法是树木注干施药方法，在树干离地面10cm-15cm处以斜向下10°-20°进行钻孔形成注药孔，将林业用条剂放入所述注药孔中，然后将注药孔进行封闭。
通过采用上述技术方案，树木注干施药所用的工具为钻孔器，通过钻孔器在树干离地表10cm-15cm的距离处向下倾斜10°-20°的角度钻孔即注药孔，之后将条剂塞入注药孔中并用木塞或橡皮泥堵住孔口，从而模拟未打孔的状态以确保制剂不会掉出。
可选的，所述注药孔的孔径为8mm-10mm，所述注药孔的深度为8cm-10cm。
通过采用上述技术方案，向下倾斜10°-20°的角度钻孔，便于条剂放入。角度过小，条剂容易掉出；角度过大，增大钻孔难度。注药孔的孔径为在8mm-10mm，深度为8cm-10cm之间，适配于防虫药剂的直径，施药的数量，便于防虫药剂的放入的同时不对树木造成过大的损伤。
可选的，所述林业条剂用于马尾松，当树木的胸径越大，所述林业用条剂用量越多。
通过采用上述技术方案，林业条剂用于马尾松防虫治疗，随着树木的胸径增加，林业用条剂的用量也会增加。
综上所述，本申请提供了一种林业用条剂、制备方法以及使用方法，其中，林业用条剂按重量份数计算包括以下组分，甲维盐20份-50份，防腐剂1份-5份，乳化分散剂10份-15份、稳定剂BHT1份-2份，润滑剂10份-30份以及玉米淀粉10份-30份。制备得到的林业用条剂为固态防虫药剂，且甲维盐含量为20％-50％左右，常规的液态防虫药剂的甲维盐含量在10％之内，本申请增加了防虫药剂中甲维盐的含量，提高了防虫药剂的防虫效果，同时本申请制备的林业用条剂，相较于液态防虫药剂来说，提高了运输存储的便捷性，提高了运输存储的便捷性，降低了作业难度， 同时对环境友好。
附图说明
图1是甲维盐标准曲线。
具体实施方式
当前市面上的防虫药剂，一般是为液体状态，由于甲维盐的溶解度低，使得液体状防虫药剂中甲维盐的含量基本在10％以内，比如甲维盐微乳剂中甲维盐含量普遍为2.3％，从而使得施药用量大，防虫效果不佳。且传统的液体状防虫药剂在生产过程中使用或多或少的易燃易爆的有机溶剂，使得其在生产、包装、运输过程中存在安全隐患，使用时也会污染环境。发明人在研究中发明一种为固体防虫药剂的条剂，该防虫药剂有效提高了防虫效果，以及提高了防虫药剂的存储运输的便捷性，并且环境友好。
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
本申请林业用条剂条剂的制备中所采用的试剂均为市售，其中甲维盐来自于甲维盐成分含量为79％的原药粉。
实施例
实施例1 20％林业用条剂的制备
步骤1，造粒，对30份玉米淀粉和8份甲维盐原药混合均匀，加水进行造粒处理。此时选择甲维盐的总质量为20份，选择25份甲维盐原药粉，其中占1/3总量的甲维盐原药，即8份甲维盐原药和玉米淀粉混合均匀，造粒；
步骤2，烘干，将造粒好的颗粒放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度50℃进行烘干。将其余的物料，包括4份防腐剂、10份乳化分散剂、1份BHT 以及30份润滑剂、17份甲维盐原药粉放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度50℃进行烘干；
步骤3，混合，将烘干的颗粒和其余的物料，包括4份防腐剂、10份乳化分散剂、1份BHT以及30份润滑剂、17份甲维盐原药粉混合均匀，得到半成品；
步骤4，成型，将烘干后的半成品放入液压压片机上进行压条形成颗粒状成品。其中，成品呈圆柱状，成品的直径为7毫米，成品质量为0.8克，成品的长度为18毫米。
实施例2 30％林业用条剂的制备
步骤1，造粒，对20份玉米淀粉和19份甲维盐原药混合均匀，加水进行造粒处理。此时选择甲维盐的总质量为30份，选择38份甲维盐原药粉，其中占1/2总量的甲维盐原药，即19份甲维盐原药和玉米淀粉混合均匀，造粒；
步骤2，烘干，将造粒好的颗粒放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度60℃进行烘干。将其余的物料，包括5份防腐剂、13份乳化分散剂、1份BHT以及23份润滑剂、19份甲维盐原药粉放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度50℃进行烘干；
步骤3，混合，将烘干的颗粒和其余的物料，包括5份防腐剂、13份乳化分散剂、1份BHT以及23份润滑剂、19份甲维盐原药粉混合均匀，得到半成品；
步骤4，成型，将烘干后的半成品放入液压压片机上进行压条形成颗粒状成品。其中，成品呈圆柱状，成品的直径为7.7毫米，控制成品质量 为1克时，成品的长度为18.9毫米。
实施例3 50％林业用条剂的制备
步骤1，造粒，对10份玉米淀粉和62.5份甲维盐原药混合均匀，加水进行造粒处理。此时选择甲维盐的总质量为50份，选择62.5份甲维盐原药粉，全部甲维盐原药和玉米淀粉混合均匀，造粒；
步骤2，烘干，将造粒好的颗粒放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度50℃进行烘干。将其余的物料，包括1份防腐剂、15份乳化分散剂、2份BHT以及10份润滑剂放入真空烘箱中，通过烘箱温度50℃进行烘干；
步骤3，混合，将烘干的颗粒和其余的物料，包括1份防腐剂、15份乳化分散剂、2份BHT以及10份润滑剂混合均匀，得到半成品；
步骤4，成型，将烘干后的半成品放入液压压片机上进行压条形成颗粒状成品。其中，成品呈圆柱状，成品的直径为8毫米，控制成品质量为1.2克时，成品的长度为20毫米。
其中，在实施例1-3中，防腐剂主要起防腐的效果，工业上一般用苯甲酸钠。
在实施例1-3中，乳化分散剂主要起乳化分散作用，使条剂在树木内部吸水后快速乳化分散，被树木吸收时有效成分分散更加均匀。可选择十二烷基硫酸钠、泊洛沙姆、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的至少一种，即乳化分散剂可选择十二烷基硫酸钠、泊洛沙姆、十二烷基苯磺酸钠中的任意一种或多种组合。
在实施例1-3中，润滑剂可以起润滑作用，使压条时脱模顺利。可选择硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、聚乙二醇6000、山嵛酸甘油酯、滑石粉中至少一 种，即润滑剂可选择硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、聚乙二醇6000、山嵛酸甘油酯、滑石粉中的任意一种或多种组合。
在制作过程中，先对玉米淀粉和部分或全部甲维盐进行造粒处理，增加半成品物料的流动性，使压条时每个加料孔加的料分布均匀不堵塞，压成的成品质量相同。
其中，造粒步骤中的甲维盐的质量比例至少占甲维盐的总和的1/3，由于甲维盐原药的流动性极差，不造粒无法进行压条操作。造粒所用甲维盐的质量占比小于1/3时，最后压条时物料流动性不足，在制备时容易造成机器堵塞，或者物料分布不匀。直接导致无法压条，或压好的条剂每颗质量不等。可根据甲维盐原药本身的流动性的差别，灵活调整造粒所用甲维盐的质量占比。
使用方法
一种防虫药剂的使用方法，包括以下步骤：步骤1，采用钻头在在树干离地面10cm-15cm的距离处进行钻孔从而形成注药孔；步骤2，根据环境温度，树木病害程度以及树木的直径大小，选择条剂的数量，将条剂放入注药孔中；步骤3，将注药孔进行封堵，封堵时可选择橡皮泥、木塞或用于促进伤口愈合的膏剂。
步骤1中可选择8mm-10mm的钻头，且向下倾斜10°-20°进行钻孔。向下倾斜10°-20°的角度钻孔，便于条剂放入。角度小于10°，条剂容易掉出；角度大于20°，增大钻孔难度且容易对树木造成损伤。注药孔的孔径为在8mm-10mm，深度为8cm-10cm之间，适配于防虫药剂的直径，施药的数量，便于防虫药剂的放入的同时不对树木造成过大的损伤。
检测方法
试验地概况
试验地设置在浙江省杭州市临安区浙江农林大学东湖校区内，临安地处浙江西北部，中亚热带季风气候区南缘，属季风性气候，温暖湿润，光照充足，四季分明，全年平均气温16℃。林间马尾松长势较好，平均胸径在10cm-20cm，试验前未使用过任何药剂。
试验药剂
本申请采用含有34％甲维盐含量的林业用条剂，该林业用条剂的制备由上述方法制备而成；色谱级甲醇、色谱级乙腈(国药集团化学试剂有限公司)；ODS填料(日本大曹株式会社)；三乙胺(天津市博迪化工有限公司)。
试验仪器
充电式冲击扳手(江苏大艺机电工具有限公司)；多功能粉碎机(浙江红景天工贸有限公司)；标准筛(绍兴市上虞区豪泉筛具厂)；KQ-500E型超声波清洗仪(昆山市超声仪器有限公司)；IKA-RV10基本型立式旋转蒸发仪(广州仪科实验室技术有限公司)；Waters600高效液相色谱仪(美国Waters公司)。
试验方法
用直径为9mm钻头在树干向下倾斜10°-20°钻深为8cm的注药孔。每个孔塞入4粒颗粒剂。将林业用条剂塞入注药孔中，用橡皮泥进行封堵。用号码牌钉在树干作为标记同时记录胸径及林业用条剂的数量。
样品采集
于注干施药到所设置的时间时，使用高枝剪准确剪取马尾松树体中间部分东南西北四个部位50cm大枝条各一株，备用。
样品提取与净化
将取得的马尾松样本粉碎，过100目标准筛，准确称量样品10g于100ml烧杯中，加入50mL色谱级甲醇，超声振荡提取20分钟，过滤，在残渣中加入50mL色谱级甲醇，超声振荡提取20分钟，重复三次，用10mL甲醇淋洗残渣，合并滤液及甲醇淋洗液，蒸馏浓缩至近干，然后用2mL色谱级甲醇溶解，备用。
制备净化小柱。选用5mL不带针头的无菌注射器，底部放入1cm深度的脱脂棉，铺满底部，再加入3mlODS填料，5mL甲醇活化ODS填料，备用。
将蒸馏浓缩得到的提取液加入到净化小柱上层，底部放10mL容量瓶收集淋洗液，缓慢加入色谱级甲醇淋洗，定容至10mL，用于高效液相色谱仪的检测。
选用Waters XBridge C18色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm，5um)；检测波长244nm；检测流速1mL/min；进样量20uL；流动相V(甲醇)：V(乙腈)：V(0.1％三乙 胺)＝45:45:10；柱温25℃。
甲维盐颗粒剂传导效率
选取注干施药的5棵马尾松中随机选取一棵进行试验，于注干施药三个月后进行取样。从树干注射孔以上锯断整棵马尾松，以马尾松枝条分布规律，分成几段锯取马尾松主干，并保留各部分的侧枝。于实验室内自然阴干，准确称量马尾松各部分的重量并记录，然后将各部分样本粉碎成细 小木屑，过100目标准筛，按照上述样品提取、净化和检测的方法进行试验。检测各部分残留量并计算传导效率。
传导效率(％)＝实际检测值/甲维盐注射理论值×100
注：实际检测值为各段松木甲维盐含量的总和
样品结果分析
参照图1，为使甲维盐检测结果更加的准确，确定甲维盐的检测方法为流动相V(甲醇)：V(乙腈)：V(0.1％三乙胺)＝45:45:10；柱温25℃。
在1mg/L-20mg/L的浓度范围内，甲维盐浓度与相对值成良好的线性关系，回归方程为y＝10228x+6859.4，R2＝0.9975，满足定量分析的需要。
准确称取马尾松空白样品10g，分别添加10mg/L、5mg/L、1mg/L、0.5mg/L 4个水平甲维盐添加回收率试验，每个剂量重复3次。按照上述的方法进行提取、净化和检测。计算平均添加回收率以及相对标准偏差。甲维盐各浓度添加回收率在88.40％-91.4％之间，相对标准偏差在0.63％-1.95％之间。方法的准确度和精密度符合农药残留分析检测，可用于甲维盐在马尾松体内的检测。
表2甲维盐添加回收率

林业用条剂春季测试
春分时间点选取5棵胸径、长势等生长情况相似的马尾松，按10cm-20cm胸径树干注射4粒林业用条剂，分别于注干施药30天、60天、90天进行试验检测。其中4棵马尾松作为残留试验检测样本，另外1棵作为传导效率试验样本，于注干施药三个月后，检测林业用条剂在马尾松体内的传导效率。
将其中一棵马尾松样本整棵锯断，注干分为6个部分，侧枝和针叶各分为一个部分进行传导效率试验。残留检测结果如表3，注干施药30天、60天以及90天后四棵马尾松中甲维盐的平均残留量为4.6125mg/kg、6.18mg/kg以及4.265mg/kg，说明林业用条剂在春季可以在马尾松体内进行有效传导。
表3林业用条剂春季在松树体内的传导分布动态

试验结果表明，春季注干施药3个月后，林业用条剂可在马尾松体内有效传导，其传导效率达90.27％，数据如下表4所示。
表4林业用条剂在春季传导效率
林业用条剂夏季在松树体内的传到分布动态
夏至时间点选取4棵胸径、长势等生长情况相似的马尾松，按10cm-20cm胸径树干注射4粒林业用条剂，分别于注干施药30天、60天以及90天进行试验检测。
残留检测结果如表5，注干施药30天、60天以及90天后四棵马尾松中的甲维盐的平均残留量为4.255mg/kg、4.2025mg/kg以及4.47mg/kg，说明林业用条剂在春季可以在马尾松体内进行有效传导。由于浙江防治松材线虫病一般在今年11月至来年3月，夏季很少进行松材线虫病的注干防治，所以夏季的传导效率试验并没有进行。
表5林业用条剂夏季在松树体内的传导分布动态

林业用条剂在秋季传导性能
秋分时间点选取5棵胸径、长势等生长情况相似的马尾松，按10cm-20cm胸径树干注射4粒林业用条剂，分别于注干施药30天、60天以及90天进行试验检测。其中4棵马尾松作为残留试验检测样本，另外1棵作为传导效率试验样本，于注干施药三个月后，检测林业用条剂在马尾松体内的传导效率。残留检测结果如表6，注干施药30天、60天以及90天后四棵马尾松中甲维盐的平均残留量为1.925mg/kg、1.5825mg/kg以及2.2425mg/kg，说明林业用条剂在秋季可以在马尾松体内进行有效传导。
表6林业用条剂秋季在松树体内的传到分布动态

将其中一棵马尾松样本整棵锯断，注干分为6个部分，侧枝和针叶各分为一个部分进行传导效率试验。试验结果表明，春季注干施药3个月后，林业用条剂可在马尾松体内有效传导，其传导效率达85.55％，数据如表7所示。
表7林业用条剂秋季在松树体内的传到分布动态
林业用条剂冬季传导性能
冬至时间点选取5棵胸径、长势等生长情况相似的马尾松，按10cm-20cm胸径树干注射4粒林业用条剂，分别于注干施药30天、60天以及90天进行试验检测。其中4棵马尾松作为残留试验检测样本，另外1棵作为传导效率试验样本，于注干施药三个月后，检测林业用条剂在马尾松体内的传导效率。残留检测结果如表8，注干施药30天、60天以及90天后四棵马尾松中的甲维盐平均残留量为3.5725mg/kg、4.62mg/kg、7.71mg/kg，说明林业用条剂在春季可以在马尾松体内进行有效传导。
表8林业用条剂冬季在松树体内的传到分布动态

将其中一棵马尾松样本整棵锯断，注干分为6个部分，侧枝和针叶各分为一个部分进行传导效率试验。试验结果如表9，春季注干施药3个月后，林业用条剂可在马尾松体内有效传导，其传导效率达91.74％，数据如下图所示。
表9林业用条剂冬季传导效率
本申请采用甲醇作为提取液，超声振荡20分钟，三次重复提取试验，后进行蒸发浓缩。使用ODS作为原料制备净化小柱，甲醇作为淋洗液，定容至10mL。最后进行高效液相色谱检测。通过该方法进行试验，甲维盐浓度与高效液相色谱检测出来的峰面积成良好的线性关系，回归方程为y＝10228x+6859.4，R2＝0.9975，满足定量分析的需要。甲维盐各浓度添加 回收率在88.40％-91.4％之间，相对标准偏差在0.63％-1.95％之间。方法的准确度和精密度符合农药残留分析检测，可用于林业用条剂在马尾松体内的检测。
春夏秋冬四个季节进行林业用条剂传导性能试验。在春季注干施药30天、60天以及90天后，林业用条剂中的甲维盐在马尾松体内的平均残留量为4.6125mg/kg、6.18mg/kg、4.265mg/kg，甲维盐传导效率为90.27％。在夏季注干施药30天、60天以及90天后，甲维盐在马尾松体内的平均残留量为4.255mg/kg、4.2025mg/kg、4.47mg/kg。在秋季注干施药30天、60天以及90天后，甲维盐在马尾松体内的平均残留量为1.925mg/kg、1.5825mg/kg、2.2425mg/kg，传导效率为85.55％，在冬季注干施药30天、60天以及90天后，甲维盐在马尾松体内的平均残留量为3.5725mg/kg、4.62mg/kg、7.71mg/kg，传导效率为91.74％。说明林业用条剂在一年四季可以在马尾松体内进行有效的传导，且甲维盐剩余的含量均高于松材线虫LC95(0.75mg/L)，已经达到了林间防治松材线虫病的剂量。
温度对条剂的影响
温度的高低可以影响树体分泌松脂的量，而松脂的分泌情况很大程度上影响液体状防虫药剂的使用，当液体状防虫药剂在注干施药时，往往由于松脂回流，使得施药效果较差，防虫效果较低。为了克服这一现状，降低作业难度，同时为研究林业用条剂能否在松脂分泌旺盛的地区进行有效的传导，我们选取浙江省安吉县和广东省龙川县的松材线虫病疫区作为试验样地。于试验样地注干施药防虫药剂3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月 后，检测其甲维盐的残留量，并统计试验样地松树的死亡情况，为条剂的进一步推广使用提供科学的依据。
试验地概况
试验地A：为浙江省安吉县孝源街道，为松材线虫病疫区。属亚热带季风气候，光照充足、气候温和、四季分明，年平均气温16.6℃。
试验地B：为广东省龙川县老隆镇隆兴村，为松材线虫病疫区。属亚热带季风气候，气候温暖、雨水充沛和阳光充足，全年平均气温为21.8℃。
林间防治试验
在试验样地分别选取两块马尾松相对较多的山地作为试验样地，其中一块作为施药区域，另外一块作为空白对照组。浙江省安吉县孝源街道时施药时间为2020年12月26日，注药松树数量为332棵。广东省龙川县老隆镇隆兴村施药时间为2021年1月10日，注药松树数量为298棵。
按照松树胸径大小和生长情况作为施药剂量的标准，对树干进行放药，树干施药后，记录每棵松树的编号、胸径、施药剂量，于注干施药一年后统计样地内松树死亡的数量，计算其防治效果。
在两个施药样地，于同一棵树注干施药3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月分别剪取注干施药松树树体中部部位东南西北四个方位50cm松枝各一株，自然阴干，检测其甲维盐的残留含量，并计算其平均值。样品的提取、净化和检测方法如上述检验方法。
结果分析
在试验样地浙江省安吉县孝源街道，利用高枝剪进行取样，于注干施 药3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月后剪取松树树体中部东南西北四个方位的50cm大枝条各一株。将样品自然阴干，粉碎，提取、净化和检测。检测结果如下表10所示，表明林业用条剂可在松树体内进行有效传导，且甲维盐残留量大于松材线虫致死量。
表10林业用条剂在浙江安吉处的马尾松体内的传导分布动态
在试验样地广东省龙川县老隆镇隆兴村，利用高枝剪进行取样，于注干施药3个月、6个月、9个月、12个月后剪取松树树体中部东南西北四个方位的50cm大枝条各一株。将样品自然阴干，粉碎，提取、净化和检 测。检测结果如表11所示，结果表明林业用条剂可在松树体内进行有效传导，且甲维盐残留量大于松材线虫致死量。
表11林业用条剂在广东省龙川县处的马尾松体传导分布动态
林间防治效果
浙江省安吉县孝源街道和广东省龙川县老隆镇隆兴村两个试验样地的防治效果见下表12。结果表明，注干施药林业用条剂后，两个试验样地的马尾松死亡率均下降明显，这表明林业用条剂可在松树体内进行有效的传导，且可以松材线虫，起到很好的防治效果。但在试验样地均发现死亡的松树，这有可能是松树在注干施药之前本身以被感染松材线虫病，松材线虫已经开始大量繁殖，破坏了松树的输导系统。
表12林业用条剂林间注干使用防治效果

本申请选取了地理位置不相同的两个试验样地进行研究，检验林业用条剂是否能在松脂分泌旺盛的地区进行传导，以及林间注干施用后的防治效果。林间施药结果表明，林业用条剂能够在两地马尾松体内进行有效的传导，甲维盐可被有效传导至松树的各个部位。松树松脂的分泌量是注干药剂能否在松树体内进行有效传导的一个重要因素，气温越高，松脂的分泌量越旺盛。本申请在两个试验地差不多的时间进行注干施药，但是注药期间，两地的气温有所差异，广东省龙川县老隆镇隆兴村的气温明显高于浙江省安吉县孝源街道，因此松脂的分泌量也多。但是传导试验结果表明，林业用条剂在用量基本相同的情况下，且残留量基本相同，可以看出林业用条剂在两种不同温度下均进行了有效的传导，因此，林业用条剂不受温度的影响，也不受松脂分泌量的影响。即林业用条剂可以避免因为松树分泌松脂的多少而影响注干药剂在松树体内的传导，相对于常规使用的液体状防虫药剂来说，提高松材线虫病的防治效果。
林业用条剂对天牛种群的影响
在注干施药1年、2年、3年、4年后(只施药一次)，在各施药林区防治松墨天牛诱捕器，诱集不同施药时间后对松墨天牛种群的影响。
表13林业用条剂注干使用对天牛种群的影响

注：表中同行数据后相同字母，表示无显著差距(p≦0.5％)
参照表13所示，林业用条剂对施药林区松墨天牛种群有显著影响。
以上均为本申请的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本申请的保护范围，故：凡依本申请的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种林业用条剂，其特征在于，按质量份数计算，包括以下组分：甲维盐20份-50份，防腐剂1份-5份，乳化分散剂10份-15份、稳定剂BHT1份-2份，润滑剂10份-30份以及玉米淀粉10份-30份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的林业用条剂，其特征在于，所述乳化分散剂选择十二烷基硫酸钠、泊洛沙姆以及十二烷基苯磺酸钠中至少一种。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的林业用条剂，其特征在于，所述润滑剂选择硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、聚乙二醇6000、山嵛酸甘油酯以及滑石粉中至少一种。
  4. 一种林业用条剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
    造粒，对部分或全部甲维盐、玉米淀粉混合均匀，加水进行造粒处理形成颗粒状半成品；
    烘干，将颗粒状半成品烘干，防腐剂、乳化分散剂、BHT、润滑剂以及剩余的甲维盐烘干；
    混合，将颗粒状半成品与防腐剂、乳化分散剂、BHT、润滑剂以及剩余的甲维盐混合均匀；
    成型，将混合后的药剂进行压条形成林业用条剂。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的林业用条剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述造粒步骤中的部分所述甲维盐的质量比例至少占所述甲维盐的总和的1/3。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的林业用条剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述烘干步骤中采用真空烘箱，所述烘箱的温度在50℃-70℃。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的林业用条剂的制备方法，其特征在于：所述林业用条剂呈圆柱状，所述林业用条剂的直径为7mm-8mm，所述林业 用条剂的长度为18mm-20mm，所述林业用条剂的质量为0.8g-1.2g。
  8. 一种林业用条剂的使用方法，其特征在于，在树干离地面10cm-15cm处以斜向下10°-20°进行钻孔形成注药孔，将林业用条剂放入所述注药孔中，然后将注药孔进行封闭。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的林业用条剂的使用方法，其特征在于：所述注药孔的孔径为9mm-10mm，所述注药孔的深度为8cm-10cm。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的林业用条剂的使用方法，其特征在于：所述林业条剂用于马尾松，当树木的胸径越大，所述林业用条剂用量越多。
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