WO2024007776A1 - 基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统及其用途 - Google Patents

基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统及其用途 Download PDF

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WO2024007776A1
WO2024007776A1 PCT/CN2023/097569 CN2023097569W WO2024007776A1 WO 2024007776 A1 WO2024007776 A1 WO 2024007776A1 CN 2023097569 W CN2023097569 W CN 2023097569W WO 2024007776 A1 WO2024007776 A1 WO 2024007776A1
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step voltage
module
control module
experience
vector partitioning
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PCT/CN2023/097569
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French (fr)
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田艳兵
许赢
朱文杰
曹晓雅
李学武
李云飞
林旭梅
唐旭
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青岛理工大学
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/06Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
    • G09B23/18Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism
    • G09B23/181Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism for electric and magnetic fields; for voltages; for currents
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00Simulators for teaching or training purposes

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  • the invention belongs to the field of electrical technology, and specifically relates to a step voltage safety experience system based on vector partitioning and its use.
  • step voltage refers to the occurrence of ground faults in electrical equipment due to various reasons (natural disasters, man-made sabotage, etc.).
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a step voltage safety experience system that can model the physical sensation after accidentally entering the step voltage zone, so that people can truly realize the danger of step voltage and enhance personnel's awareness of electric shock prevention. Increase security awareness. Moreover, the system is safe and non-dangerous and will not cause any harm to the experiencer.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: step voltage safety based on vector partitioning
  • the experience system includes: a bearing platform, an experience instrument module, a sensor module and a control module; the sensor module is arranged on the bearing platform; the control module is located inside the bearing platform; the experience instrument module and the sensor module are both connected to The control module is connected; the control module calculates the step voltage according to the data collected by the sensor module, and sends a control signal to the experience device module according to the calculated step voltage value.
  • the carrying platform establishes a polar coordinate system with the center as the origin, and the coordinate system is equally divided into four large sectors, wherein each large sector is equally divided into three small sectors;
  • the sensor module It consists of multiple piezoelectric sensors arranged in a dot matrix in a polar coordinate system.
  • the experience instrument module includes a vibration device, the vibration device is connected to the control module through a data line, and generates vibration under the control of the control module; the vibration device is selected from a wearable vibration device or a hand-held vibration device. equipment.
  • the experience device module includes a VR device or an audio-visual device; the VR device or audio-visual device is connected to the control module through Bluetooth or a data line.
  • it also includes a sealed cabin disposed on the bearing platform.
  • the present invention also provides a method for foot positioning and safety judgment based on vector partitioning, which method includes:
  • the experiencer enters the hosting platform
  • the piezoelectric sensor detects the position of the stepped foot as M 2 (x 2 , ⁇ 2 );
  • the control module calculates the step voltage based on the coordinates of the two feet; and compares the calculated step voltage value with the set threshold. If it is greater than the threshold, an alarm signal is generated; if it is less than the threshold, it is regarded as interference. signal, no alarm signal is issued.
  • the two vectors formed by the positions of the two feet and the origin are respectively
  • I is the high-voltage wire current, unit A;
  • S is the step distance of the experiencer on the vertical line of the equipotential surface, unit m;
  • x is the radial distance between the experiencer and the origin, in m.
  • the system of the present invention can enable the experiencer to truly feel the existence of step voltage, and can conduct systematic step voltage avoidance training for the experiencer through a safe and vivid teaching method, getting rid of the traditional single-nature video training and oral training.
  • the VR virtual environment can bring the experiencer into the environment, and timely alarms and corrections can deepen the experiencer's learning impression and improve the experiencer's awareness of the dangers of step voltage.
  • Figure 1 is a top view of a step voltage safety experience system based on vector partitioning provided in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of a step voltage safety experience system based on vector partitioning provided in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for foot positioning and safety judgment based on vector partitioning in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a charge amplification circuit diagram of the piezoelectric sensor in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piezoelectric sensor module 5 carried by the carrying platform 1 is directly connected to the control module 4, and the piezoelectric sensor module 5 can transmit the collected sufficient distance information to the control module 4.
  • the control module 4 calculates and obtains the step voltage value, and performs comparison and analysis based on the step voltage value and the set threshold value to generate different control signals and transmit them to the experience device module. .
  • a vibrating bracelet or a hand-held vibrator can be used instead of a vibrating vest, which can achieve the same experience.
  • the top 6 and the surrounding sides 7 are surrounded by steel packaging plates.
  • the inside of the mounting plate is fitted with anechoic foam to form an anechoic sealed cabin.
  • the control module 4 is located inside the load-bearing platform 1 and under the piezoelectric sensor 4 .
  • Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides a method for foot positioning and safety judgment based on vector partitioning. The flow of the method is shown in Figure 5. The specific process is as follows:
  • the experiencer enters the bearing platform and stands on the piezoelectric sensor. Start the simulation experience and play the VR video. Through the VR video, the experiencer can better understand the hazards and precautions of step voltage.
  • the piezoelectric sensor transmits the generated electrical signal to the control module through the charge amplification circuit (as shown in Figure 6).
  • the control module obtains the experiencer's current position coordinate in the polar coordinate system as M 1 (x 1 , ⁇ 1 ).
  • the experiencer performs a step operation, and the piezoelectric sensor transmits the generated electrical signal to the control module to obtain the position coordinates of the stepped foot as M 2 (x 2 , ⁇ 2 ) .
  • the control module calculates the step voltage based on the positions of the two feet:
  • U s is the step voltage, unit, V;
  • ⁇ t soil resistivity, unit ⁇ m
  • I is the high-voltage wire current, unit A;
  • S is the stepping distance of the person on the vertical line of the equipotential surface, unit m;
  • x is the radial distance between the person and the point where the wire falls, in m.
  • the data are recorded in Table 1.
  • the soil resistivity ⁇ t is set to 60 ⁇ m
  • the current at the landing point of the high-voltage wire is 60A
  • the human body resistance is 1700 ⁇
  • the stepping distance of the human along the normal line of the equipotential line is 0.8m.
  • I s 40mA
  • the threshold voltage or current can be changed by itself. Taking into account the simulated outdoor weather conditions, air humidity, etc., including soil resistivity and human body resistance, all can be set by the control module.
  • the invention is composed of a piezoelectric sensor module, an experience device module and a control module connected to each other, and these modules are all placed with the bearing platform as the center.
  • the piezoelectric sensor arranged in a dot matrix will generate an electrical signal to determine the experiencer's position (distance from the simulated wire landing point).
  • the electrical signal passes through the charge amplification circuit and is transmitted to the control module, the control module calculates the step voltage and compares it with the set threshold. If it is greater than the threshold, an alarm signal is generated and transmitted to the experience device module.
  • the VR device plays the correction route and escape method, and the vibrating jacket generates vibration. According to the step The step voltage will produce different degrees of vibration. The larger the step voltage, the stronger the vibration. If it is less than the threshold, it will be regarded as an interference signal and will not be emitted. An alarm signal is issued.
  • the equipment of the invention is simple and modular. Using VR equipment to replace complex environmental furnishings not only saves production costs, but also provides experiencers with better experience projects in the fresh form of VR.
  • the piezoelectric sensor module composed of piezoelectric sensors arranged in a dot matrix can locate the experiencer's foot position with higher precision, and thus can accurately calculate the experiencer's foot distance. Through safe and vivid teaching methods, experiencers can be systematically trained on step voltage avoidance, getting rid of traditional single-nature video training and oral explanations. VR virtual environment can bring experiencers into the environment, and provide timely Alarms and corrections can deepen the experiencer’s learning impression.

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Abstract

一种基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统及其用途。基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统包括:承载平台(1)、体验仪模块、传感器模块(5)和控制模块(4)。传感器模块(5)设置在承载平台(1)上;控制模块(4)位于承载平台(1)内部;体验仪模块、传感器模块均(5)与控制模块(4)连接;控制模块(4)根据传感器模块(5)采集的数据,计算跨步电压,并根据计算的跨步电压值向体验仪模块发送控制信号。能够使体验者真实的感受跨步电压的存在,对体验者进行系统的跨步电压避险培训,VR虚拟环境可以将体验者带入到环境中去,及时的报警以及纠正可以加深体验者的学习印象,提高体验者对跨步电压危险性的认识。

Description

基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统及其用途 技术领域
本发明属于电学技术领域,具体涉及基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统及其用途。
背景技术
随着现代社会的发展,人们越来越离不开电能,目前我国乃至全世界的电能传输基本都是通过高压线缆来实现的,但是由于高压电线缆的重量大,而且常设于室外,容易受到各种不确定性因素的影响,发生线缆掉落的情况,造成的财物损失和人员伤亡不计其数。产生这种现象的另一个原因是人们对高压电的认识不足,导致人们容易行走在靠近掉在大地上的高压线发生跨步电压事故。所谓跨步电压,就是指电气设备因各种原因(自然灾害、人为破坏等)发生接地故障,一相接地短路时,电流从接地极四散流出,在地面上形成不同的电位分布,人在走近接地短路地点时,两脚之间的电位差就被称为跨步电压。
为了减少和避免此等事故的发生,安全生产教育培训是主要手段之一,传统的电力安全培训方式单一,培训内容陈旧。目前国内大多采用传统授课方式和事故案例培训方式,让培训人员对跨步电压有认识,但是大多数安全防患意识仍然不够,介于现场条件和安全考虑,设计一种跨步电压安全体验系统,使培训人员能够亲身体验,用以满足教学和培训。但是在教授跨步电压的危害和误入跨步电压区域的处理方法时,企业、学校对学员大多仍采用传统的灌输式教学,虽然近年来进行诸如案例剖析时也采用多媒体手段,效果依然不够直观。受训者对于跨步电压防护的重要性以及事故可能产生的严重后果没有直观的感受和体验,而且以上教学方法对误入跨步电压区的后续处理也无法进行实践。因此国内一直在探索如何进行跨步电压实践实训教学,如采用真实跨步电压区则学员人身安全无法保障。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种跨步电压安全体验系统,该系统能够模型误入跨步电压区后的躯体感受,使人真实的认识到跨步电压的危险性,增强人员的触电防范意识,提高安全意识。并且该系统安全无危险性,对体验者没有任何伤害。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案是:基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全 体验系统,包括:承载平台、体验仪模块、传感器模块和控制模块;所述传感器模块设置在所述承载平台上;所述控制模块位于承载平台内部;所述的体验仪模块、传感器模块均与控制模块连接;所述控制模块根据传感器模块采集的数据,计算跨步电压,并根据计算的跨步电压值向体验仪模块发送控制信号。
进一步优选地,所述承载平台以中心为原点,建立极坐标系,坐标系等分为四个大扇区,其中每个大扇区又等分为三个小扇区;所述的传感器模块由多个压电式传感器组成,多个压电式传感器呈点阵式排列在极坐标系内。
进一步优选地,所述的体验仪模块包括振动设备,所述振动设备通过数据线连接控制模块,在控制模块的控制下产生振动;所述的振动设备选自穿戴式振动设备或手握式振动设备。
进一步优选地,所述的体验仪模块包括VR设备或影音设备;所述VR设备或影音设备通过蓝牙或数据线与所述控制模块连接。
进一步优选地,还包括设置于承载平台上的密闭舱体。
本发明还提供一种基于矢量分区的脚步定位和安全判断方法,该方法包括:
体验者进入承载平台;
通过压电式传感器检测体验者当前的位置M1(x11);
当体验者跨步时,通过压电式传感器检测迈出去的脚的位置为M2(x22);
控制模块根据两个脚所在位置的坐标,计算跨步电压;并将计算的跨步电压值,与设置的阈值进行比对,若大于阈值,则产生报警信号;若小于阈值,则视为干扰信号,不发出报警信号。
进一步地,所述跨步电压的计算方法为:
两个脚所在位置与原点组成两个向量分别为
由此方向上的分量X为:
X=x2cos(θ21)        (1)
计算两脚在等势面法线上的位移S:
S=x2cos(θ21)-x1         (2)
计算跨步电压:
式中:Us为跨步电压,单位,V;ρt为土壤电阻率,单位Ω·m;
I为高压电线电流,单位A;S为体验者在等势面垂线上的跨步距离,单位m;
x为体验者距离原点的径向距离,单位m。
本发明还进一步提供所述系统的用途,该系统作为教具,用于安全培训或教学中。
本发明的系统,能够使体验者真实的感受跨步电压的存在,可以通过安全、生动的教学方式,对体验者进行系统的跨步电压避险培训,摆脱传统的单一性质的视频培训以及口头讲解,VR虚拟环境可以将体验者带入到环境中去,及时的报警以及纠正可以加深体验者的学习印象,提高体验者对跨步电压危险性的认识。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中提供的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统的俯视图;
图2为本发明实施例中提供的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统的立体结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中提供的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统中极坐标系的示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中提供的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统的连接示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中基于矢量分区的脚步定位和安全判断方法的流程示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中压电传感器的电荷放大电路图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面结合附图和具体实施例,对本发明进行更详细的说明。附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例。但是,本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例。相反地,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
实施例1本实施例提供一种基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,该系统如图1和2所示,主要包括:承载平台1,压电式传感器模块5,VR设备2,振动背心3、控制模块4。
承载平台1上部装载点阵式排列的压电式传感器,点阵式排列的压电式传感器组成压电式传感器模块5。以承载平台1的中心为原点,建立如图3所述的极坐标系,极坐标系原点代表电线掉落点。将极坐标系分四个大扇区,0-90°为第一大扇区,90°-180°为第二大扇区,180°-270°第三大扇区,270°-360°第四大扇区,其中每个大扇区内,每30°为一个小扇区,即0-30°为第一大扇区第一小扇区,30°-60°为第一大扇区第二小扇区,如此类推,共有4个大扇区,12个小扇区。
将压电式传感器模块5布置在上述极坐标系中,每一个压电式传感器对应一个位置坐标,按照如图1所示的方式排列:A1,A2……AN,第二排B1……BN,直至第N排。控制模块4中的单片机对压电式传感器进行编码,一个传感器对应一个编码,从00-NN(根据实际需求决定最终数量),调用时,读取传感器编码即可获得该传感器的位置坐标。
如图4所示,承载平台1承载的压电式传感器模块5与控制模块4直接相连,压电式传感器模块5可以将采集到的足间距信息传输给控制模块4。根据压电式传感器5采集到的足间距信息,控制模块4进行计算获得跨步电压值,并根据跨步电压值与设定的阈值进行比对分析,产生不同的控制信号传输给体验仪模块。
体验仪模块包括VR设备2,以及振动夹克3,振动夹克3直接与控制模块4连接,控制模块4可以直接将控制信号传输给振动夹克3中的控制中心,控制中心再分析控制模块4发送来的信号,并产生相应强度的信号控制振动夹克3中的振动模块产生振动,给体验者“触电的感受”,此过程对人体无害。VR设备2通过蓝牙与控制模块4连接,可以将控制模块4中预存的VR影像播放给体验者。根据控制模块4发送过来的数据,VR设备2可以播放不同的教学视频,纠正体验者的错误行为,进行正确指导。
在本发明的其他实施例中,可以采用振动手环或手握式振动棒来代替振动背心,能够实现同样的体验效果。
如图2所示,本发明的系统,顶部6和四周7由钢制包装板围成,钢制包 装板内部贴合消声泡沫,形成消声的密闭舱体,控制模块4位于承载平台1内部,压电式传感器4之下。
实施例2本实施例提供一种基于矢量分区的脚步定位和安全判断方法,该方法的流程如图5所示,具体过程如下:
(1)体验者进入承载平台之中,站在压电式传感器之上。开始模拟体验,播放VR视频,体验者通过VR视频,更加能够体会跨步电压危害以及注意事项。压电式传感器将产生的电信号经电荷放大电路(如图6所示)传输给控制模块,控制模块获取体验者当前在极坐标系中的位置坐标为M1(x11)。
(2)根据VR视频教学,体验者进行跨步操作,压电式传感器此时将产生的电信号传输给控制模块,获取迈出去的脚的位置坐标为M2(x22)。
(3)控制模块根据两个脚所在位置,计算跨步电压:
两个脚所在位置与原点组成两个向量分别为:
由此,方向上的分量X为:
X=x2cos(θ21)         (1)
由此,可求出两脚在等势面法线上的位移S:
S=x2cos(θ21)-x1         (2)
计算跨步电压公式为:
式中:Us为跨步电压,单位,V;
ρt为土壤电阻率,单位Ω·m;
I为高压电线电流,单位A;
S为人在等势面垂线上的跨步距离,单位m;
x为人距离电线落点的径向距离,单位m。
(4)控制模块将采计算的跨步电压值与预先设置的阈值电压进行对比,若大于阈值电压,则采集数据为足间距数据,否则为干扰信号,控制模块将数据处理 分析判断,将足间距与危险足间距进行对比,若小于危险足距,则体验仪模块中的振动夹克不会振动,体验者可“安全”离开体验区;若大于危险足距,则判断属于哪一档危险程度,根据不同的危险程度发送控制信号给体验仪模块模块中的振动夹克,振动夹克中的控制中心接收信号并控制振动模块振动,产生不同程度的振感。同时,控制模块向VR设备通过蓝牙发送错误纠正视频,纠正体验者的错误操作。
本实施例中,通过实验,将数据记录于如表1。为了便于计算,将土壤电阻率ρt设置为60Ω·m,高压电线落地点电流为60A,人体电阻为1700Ω,人沿等势线法线跨步距离为0.8m。通常Is=40mA即流经人体电流=40mA时,足以致死,因此,将报警阈值暂设为40mA。本发明后期应用中可以自行更改阈值电压或电流,考虑到模拟室外天气情况,空气湿度等,包括土壤电阻率,人体电阻,都是可以自行在控制模块设置。
表1模拟10KV,60A高压电线断落地面的跨步电压计算结果
本发明通过压电式传感器模块、体验仪模块、控制模块相互连接组成,这些模块均以承载平台为中心放置。当有体验者踏入传感器模块时,点阵式排列的压电式传感器会产生电信号,确定体验者的位置(距离模拟电线落点的距离),电信号通过电荷放大电路后,传输给控制模块,控制模块进行跨步电压计算,与设置的阈值进行比对,若大于阈值,则产生报警信号,传输给体验仪模块,VR设备播放纠正路线和逃生方法,振动夹克产生振感,根据跨步电压大小,产生不同程度的振感,跨步电压越大,振感越强烈;若小于阈值,则视为干扰信号,不发 出报警信号。
本发明设备简洁,模块化分明。以VR设备代替繁杂的环境陈设,既节省了生产成本,又以VR的新鲜形式带给体验者更好的体验项目。点阵式排列的压电式传感器组成的压电式传感器模块可以更高精度的定位体验者足部位置,进而可以精确计算体验者的足间距。可以通过安全、生动的教学方式,对体验者进行系统的跨步电压避险培训,摆脱传统的单一性质的视频培训以及口头讲解,VR虚拟环境可以将体验者带入到环境中去,及时的报警以及纠正可以加深体验者的学习印象。

Claims (8)

  1. 基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,其特征在于,包括:承载平台、体验仪模块、传感器模块和控制模块;所述传感器模块设置在所述承载平台上;所述控制模块位于承载平台内部;所述的体验仪模块、传感器模块均与控制模块连接;所述控制模块根据传感器模块采集的数据,计算跨步电压,并根据计算的跨步电压值向体验仪模块发送控制信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,其特征在于,所述承载平台以中心为原点,建立极坐标系,坐标系等分为四个大扇区,其中每个大扇区又等分为三个小扇区;所述的传感器模块由多个压电式传感器组成,多个压电式传感器呈点阵式排列在极坐标系内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,其特征在于,所述的体验仪模块包括振动设备,所述振动设备通过数据线连接控制模块,在控制模块的控制下产生振动;所述的振动设备选自穿戴式振动设备或手握式振动设备。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,其特征在于,所述的体验仪模块包括VR设备或影音设备;所述VR设备或影音设备通过蓝牙或数据线与所述控制模块连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统,其特征在于,还包括设置于承载平台上的密闭舱体。
  6. 一种基于矢量分区的脚步定位和安全判断方法,该方法采用如权利要求5所述的系统,其特征在于,包括:
    体验者进入承载平台;
    通过压电式传感器检测体验者当前的位置M1(x11);
    当体验者跨步时,通过压电式传感器检测迈出去的脚的位置为M2(x22);
    控制模块根据两个脚所在位置的坐标,计算跨步电压;并将计算的跨步电压值,与设置的阈值进行比对,若大于阈值,则产生报警信号;若小于阈值,则视为干扰信号,不发出报警信号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基于矢量分区的脚步定位和安全判断方法,其特征在于,所述跨步电压的计算方法为:
    两个脚所在位置与原点组成两个向量分别为
    由此方向上的分量X为:
    X=x2cos(θ21)      (1)
    计算两脚在等势面法线上的位移S:
    S=x2cos(θ21)-x1      (2)
    计算跨步电压:
    式中:Us为跨步电压,单位,V;ρt为土壤电阻率,单位Ω·m;
    I为高压电线电流,单位A;S为体验者在等势面垂线上的跨步距离,单位m;x为体验者距离原点的径向距离,单位m。
  8. 一种如权利要求5所述的基于矢量分区的跨步电压安全体验系统的用途,其特征在于,该系统作为教具,用于安全培训或教学中。
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