WO2024007717A1 - Striplines à couplage fort et élément à micro-ondes les comprenant - Google Patents

Striplines à couplage fort et élément à micro-ondes les comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007717A1
WO2024007717A1 PCT/CN2023/092498 CN2023092498W WO2024007717A1 WO 2024007717 A1 WO2024007717 A1 WO 2024007717A1 CN 2023092498 W CN2023092498 W CN 2023092498W WO 2024007717 A1 WO2024007717 A1 WO 2024007717A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strip
dielectric substrate
strip conductor
conductor
coupled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/092498
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李梓萌
斯莱德科夫·亚历山大德维奇·维克多
奥斯塔朋科·亚历山大
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广州司南技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024007717A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007717A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H01P5/16—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port
    • H01P5/18—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers
    • H01P5/184—Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers the guides being strip lines or microstrips
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means

Definitions

  • This application relates to microwave transmission lines and microwave components manufactured using conventional printed circuit board technology.
  • the modern mobile communications market requires complex antennas that form narrow beams and operate in multiple frequency bands.
  • This type of antenna consists of radiating elements and a beamforming network that contains many passive components, including directional couplers, differential phase shifters, and filters.
  • Modern antennas for mobile communications must provide very low levels of passive intermodulation, so the elements of the beamforming network are connected to each other via special coaxial cables soldered directly to the passive elements.
  • the dimensions of the passive components must be as small as possible so that they can be installed in a confined space within the radome to protect the antenna from harsh weather conditions.
  • a directional coupler with a coupling level between 30dB and 10dB contains two coupling lines that are set on the surface of a dielectric substrate and separated by a gap, but this design cannot produce coupling between 10dB and 2dB because provided
  • the gaps between striplines for this level of coupling must be very narrow and cannot be manufactured with industrial PCB technology. Therefore, engineers used another design to increase the coupled signal.
  • Patent US 10833388 B2 describes a circuit containing several couplers connected together by a power divider to increase the coupled signal. Four couplers connected together can provide coupling levels up to 3dB, but such a circuit is too large and, therefore, expensive to manufacture.
  • coupling striplines that produce coupling levels between 10dB and 2dB must be placed opposite each other on the surface of a thin dielectric substrate.
  • Known circuits including couplers and differential phase shifters contain three dielectric substrates placed on top of each other between two metals, so this design is complex to manufacture. Additionally, connecting coaxial transmission lines to metal plates can create passive intermodulation products.
  • Couplers Lange consist of several parallel thin strip lines connected by bridges arranged over a dielectric substrate and soldered to the strip lines. This design is complex for mass production and is typically applied to strip lines provided on substrates made of expensive ceramic materials.
  • Another type of directional coupler consists of a substrate consisting of two dielectric layers separated by a conductive layer with windows and two strip lines disposed on the top and bottom surfaces of the dielectric substrate. This design is also complex for mass production.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a new type of strongly coupled stripline suitable for manufacturing very simple microwave components consisting only of printed circuit boards.
  • a first object of the present application is to overcome the deficiencies of known coupled striplines and provide a strongly coupled stripline formed on both surfaces of a single dielectric substrate by conventional printed circuit board technology.
  • a second object of the present application is to provide a simple microwave assembly consisting only of a single dielectric substrate.
  • a coupled stripline intended for the purposes of this application includes a first strip conductor disposed on a top surface of a dielectric substrate, and a second strip conductor disposed along the first strip conductor at an opening located at A conductive layer covering the underside of a dielectric substrate.
  • the conductive layer covering the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate is separated from the second strip conductor by a gap.
  • Two additional conductors disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate are separated from the first strip conductor by a gap and connected to the conductive layer through metal plated holes in the dielectric substrate. At least a portion of the first strip conductor is disposed over a portion of the second strip conductor.
  • the couple mode of this stripline has a larger wave impedance Ze than the couple mode of a conventional stripline disposed opposite the conductive layer because the conductive layer is removed from the opening and disposed only at the opposite edge of the strip conductor.
  • the wide sides of the strip conductor are disposed opposite to each other on the top and bottom surfaces of the dielectric substrate, so that the wave impedance Zo of its odd mode is smaller than that of a conventional strip line, which contains a strip conductor disposed on the dielectric substrate. top surfaces of the substrates and are coupled only through their edges. Due to the coupling coefficient, this arrangement of the openings of the conductive layer and the strip conductors increases the coupling between the two strip lines compared to a conventional strip line formed on a single substrate.
  • Openings in the conductive layer and additional conductors disposed on the top surface of the dielectric substrate provide electrical symmetry for the coupled stripline.
  • the gaps separating the strip conductors from the conductive layers and additional conductors have a shape that provides equal electrical lengths for both modes, so strip lines are preferred to provide directional coupling.
  • the conductive layer of the coupled stripline and the two additional conductors that provide a large coupling coefficient K include edge cuts that are spaced apart from the edges of the first and second strip conductors by a gap to provide equal electrical lengths for both modes.
  • Figures 1a, 1b and 1c show top and bottom surfaces and cross-sections of a dielectric substrate containing a coupled stripline of the present application, forming a 3dB directional coupler operating in the 690-960MHz frequency band.
  • Figures 2a and 2b are measured frequency characteristics of a fabricated sample of the directional coupler shown in Figures 1a-1c.
  • Figure 3 shows a perspective view of the bottom surface of a dielectric substrate containing the coupling stripline of the present application and a metal plate disposed adjacent to the dielectric substrate, forming a 3dB directional coupler operating in the 1600-2700 MHz frequency band.
  • Figures 4a and 4b are measured frequency characteristics of the fabricated sample of the directional coupler shown in Figure 3.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show respectively top and bottom views of a dielectric substrate containing coupled striplines forming a phase shifter.
  • Figure 6 and Table 1 show the simulated frequency characteristics of the phase shifter shown in Figures 5a and 5b.
  • the coupling line must meet the following conditions to match the four transmission lines connected to it and provide directional coupling.
  • the strip conductor of the coupled strip line according to the present application provides a greater wave impedance Ze because the capacitance between the strip conductor and the conductive layer containing the opening arranged opposite to the strip conductor is smaller than that of the strip conductor of a conventional strip line. capacitance to a conductive layer without openings.
  • the strip conductors of the coupled strip line according to the present application are disposed opposite each other on the top and bottom surfaces of the dielectric substrate, providing smaller odd mode wave impedance than a conventional coupled strip line disposed on one side of the dielectric substrate. , because the capacitance between strip conductors stacked on top of each other is greater than that between conventional coupled striplines, which lie on the same surface and couple only through their edges. Therefore, the coupled stripline of the present application provides a larger coupling coefficient.
  • the first embodiment of the present application is shown in Figures 1a-1c.
  • the strip conductor and the conductive layer form a 3dB directional coupler operating in the 690-960 MHz frequency band, and the strip conductor and the conductive layer are arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 1 .
  • the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1 contains a first strip conductor 2a and two additional conductors 3a and 3b, which are separated from the first strip conductor 2a by gaps 4a and 4b.
  • the additional conductors 3a and 3b are connected through metal plated holes 6 to the Conductive layer 5 on the bottom surface of the electrical substrate 1 .
  • the edges of the additional conductors 3a and 3b contain cutouts 7, which include a narrow portion 7a and a wide portion 7b.
  • the end portion of the strip conductor 2a is connected to the strip conductors 8a and 8b.
  • the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1 contains the second strip conductor 2 b and the conductive layer 5 , and the conductive layer 5 and the second strip conductor 2 b are separated by a gap 11 .
  • the ends of the strip conductor 2b are connected to the strip conductors 9a and 9b through metal plated holes 10a and 10b.
  • the conductive layer 5 contains a cutout 12 including a narrow portion 12a and a wide portion 12b.
  • Cross-section A-A of the dielectric substrate across the stripline and conductive layer is shown in Figure 1c.
  • the other ends of the strip conductors 8a, 8b, 9a and 9b are connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial cable (not shown).
  • the outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the conductors 5a-5d provided near the edge of the dielectric substrate 1 and connected to the conductive layer 5 through the metal plated hole 6.
  • the odd-mode electromagnetic field of the coupling strip line is concentrated between the coupling lines provided with the dielectric substrate. Therefore, the dielectric substrate can effectively delay the electromagnetic wave.
  • the even-mode electromagnetic field of the coupled stripline is concentrated between the edge of the coupling line and the edge of the conductive layer and additional conductor. Therefore, a part of the electromagnetic wave propagates through the air region adjacent to the dielectric substrate, so the delay of the even mode is smaller than that of the odd mode.
  • the cutout 12 significantly increases the even-mode wave impedance, but has little effect on the odd-mode wave impedance.
  • the cutouts 12 form a periodic structure, connecting multiple transmission lines with different wave impedances in series. This periodic structure increases the delay of even modes and allows the electrical lengths of even and odd modes to be equal.
  • the coupling line provides directional coupling, and splits the electromagnetic wave exciting strip line 8a between strip lines 8b and 9a.
  • a very small part of the electromagnetic wave that excites strip line 8a penetrates strip line 9b.
  • Figures 2a and 2b depict the measured frequency characteristics of the fabricated sample of the directional coupler shown in Figures 1a-1c.
  • stripline 8a corresponds to port 1
  • stripline 8b corresponds to port 2
  • stripline 9a corresponds to port 3
  • stripline 9b corresponds to port 4.
  • the directional coupler including the coupled stripline according to the present application provides S11 ⁇ -31.7dB, S41 ⁇ -31dB and coupling -3.4 ⁇ 0.2dB in the 690-960MHz frequency band.
  • FIG. 3 Another embodiment of the present application is a 3dB directional coupler operating at frequencies above 1 GHz, as shown in Figure 3 from a perspective view of the underside of dielectric substrate 13.
  • the metal plate 14 disposed opposite the coupling line 15 is connected to the conductive layer 16 through bent portions 17a-17d.
  • the metal plate 14 reduces radiation from the coupling line 15 and therefore a directional coupler including the metal plate 14 provides smaller insertion loss than a directional coupler without the metal plate 14 .
  • Figures 4a and 4b depict the measured frequency characteristics of the directional coupler fabricated sample shown in Figure 3.
  • Directional couplers containing coupled striplines and metal plates provide S11 ⁇ -28.3dB, S41 ⁇ -23.2dB and coupling -3.6 ⁇ 0.2dB in the 1700-2800MHz band.
  • FIG. 5a and 5b respectively show a coupled strip containing a phase shifter. Top and bottom views of the wire's dielectric substrate.
  • the top surface of the dielectric substrate 18 contains a first strip conductor 19a, and an additional conductor 20 separated from the first strip conductor 19a by a gap 21. Additional conductors 20 are connected to the conductive layer 22 through metal plated holes 23 . The edge of the additional conductor 20 located opposite the strip conductor 19 a contains a cutout 24 . The left end of the coupling strip conductor 19a is connected to the strip conductor 25 to form a transmission line connected to the phase shifter input port.
  • the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 18 includes the conductive layer 22 and the second strip conductor 19 b disposed in the opening 30 .
  • the left end of the strip conductor 19b is connected to the strip conductor 26 through the metal plated hole 27.
  • Strip conductor 26 forms a transmission line connected to the output port of the phase shifter.
  • the right ends of strip conductors 19a and 19b are connected together by metal plated holes 28a and 28b.
  • the edge of the conductive layer 22 disposed opposite the strip conductor 19 b contains a cutout 29 .
  • strip conductors 19a and 19b, additional conductor 20, gap 21 and opening 30 are calculated to provide coupling lines matching the transmission lines of strip conductors 25 and 26.
  • Figure 6 shows a simulation S11 of the phase shifter shown in Figures 5a and 5b.
  • Table 1 shows the simulated phases of the phase shifters shown in Figures 5a and 5b.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne deux striplines de couplage, comprenant : un premier conducteur en forme de strip disposé sur la surface supérieure d'un substrat diélectrique et un second conducteur en forme de strip disposé sur la surface inférieure du substrat diélectrique, le premier conducteur en forme de strip et le second conducteur en forme de strip étant situés au niveau d'une ouverture d'une couche conductrice recouvrant la surface inférieure du substrat diélectrique, la couche conductrice et le second conducteur en forme de strip étant séparés par un espace, et au moins une partie du premier conducteur en forme de strip étant disposée sur une partie du second conducteur en forme de strip ; et au moins un conducteur supplémentaire disposé sur la surface supérieure du substrat diélectrique, séparé du premier conducteur en forme de strip par un espace, et relié à la couche conductrice au moyen de trous métallisés du substrat diélectrique.
PCT/CN2023/092498 2022-07-07 2023-05-06 Striplines à couplage fort et élément à micro-ondes les comprenant WO2024007717A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210794218.3A CN115207591A (zh) 2022-07-07 2022-07-07 强耦合带状线和含有强耦合带状线的微波元件
CN202210794218.3 2022-07-07

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WO2024007717A1 true WO2024007717A1 (fr) 2024-01-11

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115207591A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-18 广州司南技术有限公司 强耦合带状线和含有强耦合带状线的微波元件

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060044075A1 (en) * 2004-08-30 2006-03-02 Joseph Storniolo Low loss, high power air dielectric stripline edge coupling structure
CN101728620A (zh) * 2010-01-28 2010-06-09 大连海事大学 一种非对称共面波导定向耦合器
CN206697587U (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-12-01 成都市克莱微波科技有限公司 多层带状线大功率宽带定向耦合器
CN111048879A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 一种矩形波导至双端带状线的宽带等幅转换结构
CN115207591A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-18 广州司南技术有限公司 强耦合带状线和含有强耦合带状线的微波元件
CN218677535U (zh) * 2022-07-07 2023-03-21 广州司南技术有限公司 一种无源元件的强耦合带状线结构

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060044075A1 (en) * 2004-08-30 2006-03-02 Joseph Storniolo Low loss, high power air dielectric stripline edge coupling structure
CN101728620A (zh) * 2010-01-28 2010-06-09 大连海事大学 一种非对称共面波导定向耦合器
CN206697587U (zh) * 2017-04-26 2017-12-01 成都市克莱微波科技有限公司 多层带状线大功率宽带定向耦合器
CN111048879A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-21 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 一种矩形波导至双端带状线的宽带等幅转换结构
CN115207591A (zh) * 2022-07-07 2022-10-18 广州司南技术有限公司 强耦合带状线和含有强耦合带状线的微波元件
CN218677535U (zh) * 2022-07-07 2023-03-21 广州司南技术有限公司 一种无源元件的强耦合带状线结构

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