WO2024007673A1 - 一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器 - Google Patents

一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024007673A1
WO2024007673A1 PCT/CN2023/088450 CN2023088450W WO2024007673A1 WO 2024007673 A1 WO2024007673 A1 WO 2024007673A1 CN 2023088450 W CN2023088450 W CN 2023088450W WO 2024007673 A1 WO2024007673 A1 WO 2024007673A1
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Prior art keywords
electrode
plate
lightning arrester
shaped
pilot trigger
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PCT/CN2023/088450
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵军
刘细华
游连桥
曹安平
李希
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厦门赛尔特电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2024007673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024007673A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T4/00—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps
    • H01T4/16—Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps having a plurality of gaps arranged in series
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
    • H01T1/22—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of multi-gap lightning arresters, and in particular, to a multi-gap lightning arrester with a pilot trigger electrode.
  • the multi-gap lightning arresters currently used in the lightning protection market (except multi-gap discharge tubes) all use plate electrode discharge mode.
  • Phenomena such as reduced height and poor freewheeling blocking ability result in unsatisfactory product protection and short service life.
  • the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a multi-gap lightning arrester with a pilot trigger electrode to solve the problems of uneven trigger ignition, limited flow capacity and continuous flow of current air gap lightning arresters.
  • the problem of poor blocking ability when the flow is large.
  • the present disclosure provides a multi-gap lightning arrester with a pilot trigger electrode, including N+1 plate-shaped electrodes insulated and stacked, and the N+1 plate-shaped electrodes form N discharge gaps, One electrode surface or two electrode surfaces of the plate-shaped electrode are provided with protrusions, that is, pilot trigger electrodes.
  • the discharge gap consists of the electrode surface of one plate-shaped electrode with the pilot trigger electrode and the plane of the other plate-shaped electrode. It is composed of an electrode surface or an electrode surface with a pilot trigger electrode.
  • the multi-gap lightning arrester also includes a first pin electrode, a second pin electrode, N connecting electrodes, N insulating sheets and a support frame.
  • the plate electrodes, connecting electrodes and insulating sheets are sequentially cascade settings;
  • the connecting electrode is used to connect the plate-shaped electrode and the bypassed multi-gap lightning arrester to absorb electricity. road connection;
  • the support frame is provided with a positioning groove, and the plate-shaped electrode, the connecting electrode and the insulating sheet are stacked through the support frame to form a discharge gap;
  • the first pin electrode and the second pin electrode respectively collide with the plate-shaped electrodes located at both ends to form a conductive connection.
  • first pin electrode and the second pin electrode are side plates of the multi-gap lightning arrester
  • the support frame includes a pair of plastic parts
  • the first pin electrode and the The second pin electrode is tightly connected to a pair of plastic parts of the support frame from both sides of the support frame.
  • connection electrode has a frame structure, and the frame of the connection electrode conflicts with the four sides of the plate-shaped electrode.
  • the insulating sheet has a frame structure, one side of the insulating sheet is in contact with the plate-shaped electrode, and the other side of the insulating sheet is in contact with the connecting electrode; the central through hole of the insulating sheet forms a discharge gap.
  • one or a pilot trigger electrode distributed in an array is disposed in the middle of the electrode surface of the plate-shaped electrode with a pilot trigger electrode.
  • the height of the pilot trigger electrode is 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the material of the plate-shaped electrode is graphite.
  • the material of the plate-shaped electrode is copper alloy.
  • the plate electrode and the connecting electrode are integrated electrodes.
  • Figure 1 is an expanded view of an embodiment of a multi-gap lightning arrester of the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a multi-gap lightning arrester with a single-sided pilot trigger electrode according to the present disclosure. Partial enlargement;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view and a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of a multi-gap lightning arrester with double-sided pilot trigger electrodes of the present disclosure
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with a single-sided single pilot trigger electrode of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with multiple pilot trigger electrodes on one side of the present disclosure
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with a double-sided single pilot trigger electrode of the present disclosure
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a plate-shaped electrode with multiple double-sided pilot trigger electrodes of the present disclosure.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-gap lightning arrester with a single-sided pilot trigger electrode, which consists of a pin electrode 1, a pin electrode 5, a plate electrode 3, a connecting electrode 4, It is composed of insulation sheet 2, support frame 6, support frame 7 and screws 8.
  • the plate electrode 3 Between the pin electrode 1 and the pin electrode 5, the plate electrode 3, the insulating sheet 2, the connecting electrode 4, the plate electrode 3, ..., the insulating sheet 2, the connecting electrode 4, and the plate electrode 3 are arranged in this order. Stacked in sequence to form multiple discharge gaps.
  • one electrode surface of the plate-shaped electrode 3 is a planar electrode surface, and the other electrode surface is provided with one or more protrusions.
  • This (or these) protrusions are defined as the pilot trigger electrode 31 .
  • the pulse frequency and amplitude of the corona current increase, and the leading trigger electrode 31 in the discharge gap will interact with the other plate electrode 3
  • the pilot arc is generated, causing the entire gap to breakdown. Then, the pilot arc is guided to the entire gap for arcing and conduction.
  • the multi-gap lightning arrester operates to protect the power supply system. Since there are one or N pilot trigger electrodes in the gap, when one or N pilot trigger electrodes are ignited at the same time, a uniform fire will occur in the gap.
  • the discharge field allows the pulse current to be fully discharged on the effective area within the gap to achieve a good protection effect.
  • the connecting electrode 4 has a frame structure, which conflicts with the four sides of the plate-shaped electrode 3, plays a role in limiting and fixing the plate-shaped electrode 3, and at the same time forms a conductive connection, connecting the plate-shaped electrode 3 to the bypass multiplexer.
  • Absorption circuit of gap lightning arrester (such as RC absorption circuit, etc.).
  • the insulating sheet has a frame structure, one side of which is in contact with the plate-shaped electrode 3, and the other side of which is in contact with the connecting electrode 4, forming a discharge gap between the two plate-shaped electrodes 3 in the middle.
  • this embodiment provides a multi-gap lightning arrester with a double-sided pilot trigger electrode.
  • the two electrode surfaces of the plate electrode 3 in this embodiment are respectively provided with pilot trigger electrodes 31 and 32.
  • the pilot trigger electrode 31 in the discharge gap will trigger with the pilot trigger of the other plate electrode 3
  • Electrode 32 generates a pilot arc.
  • this embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a plate-shaped electrode with a single-sided single pilot trigger electrode. Among them (a) is the front view, and (b) is the side view. A single pilot trigger electrode 31 is provided in the center of one electrode surface of the plate-shaped electrode 3 .
  • this embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with multiple pilot trigger electrodes on one side, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
  • a plurality of pilot trigger electrodes 31 distributed in an array are arranged in the middle of one electrode surface of the plate-shaped electrode 3, and the other electrode surface is a planar electrode surface.
  • this embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with a double-sided single pilot trigger electrode, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
  • a pilot trigger electrode 31, 32 is respectively provided in the center of the two electrode surfaces of the plate-shaped electrode 3.
  • this embodiment provides a schematic structural diagram of a plate electrode with a double-sided single pilot trigger electrode, in which (a) is a front view and (b) is a side view.
  • a plurality of pilot trigger electrodes 31 and 32 distributed in an array are respectively provided in the middle of the two electrode surfaces of the plate-shaped electrode 3 .
  • the pin electrode 1 and the pin electrode 5 can be electrodes of the same structure or electrodes of different structures to meet the needs of different product structure shapes.
  • the support frames 6 and 7 are both plastic parts, and the support frame 6 and the support frame 7 can have the same structure or different structures. Positioning grooves are provided on one side of the support frames 6 and 7. During assembly, the support frames 6 and 7 are arranged opposite each other to install and position the insulating sheet 2, the plate electrode 3 and the connecting electrode 4.
  • the pin electrode 1 and the pin electrode 5 serve as two side plates of the multi-gap lightning arrester at the same time.
  • the pin electrode 1 and the pin electrode 5 are connected through the screws 8 and the support brackets 6 and 7 Fixed connection to form a multi-gap lightning arrester assembly.
  • the height of the pilot trigger electrodes 31 and 32 ranges from 0.05 mm to 2.0 mm.
  • the material of the plate electrode 3 can be graphite or copper alloy.
  • the plate electrode 3 when the plate electrode 3 is a copper alloy electrode, the plate electrode 3 and the connecting electrode 4 may be integrated electrodes.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，包括绝缘并层叠设置的N+1个板状电极，N+1个板状电极形成N个放电间隙，所述板状电极的一个电极面或两个电极面设置有凸起，即先导触发电极，所述放电间隙由一个板状电极的带有先导触发电极的电极面与另一片板状电极的平面电极面或带有先导触发电极的电极面组合而成。本公开的多间隙防雷器可解决目前空气间隙防雷器的触发点火不均匀、通流能力受限制和续流较大时遮断能力比较差的问题。

Description

一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求在2022年07月06日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210786465.9、名称为“一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及多间隙防雷器领域，尤其涉及一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器。
背景技术
目前防雷市场使用的多间隙防雷器(多间隙放电管除外)，都是采用板状电极放电模式，在使用过程中，由于制作工艺和平板放电的特点，都会出现放电不均匀、弧光压降高、续流阻断能力差等现象，造成产品保护效果不理想，使用寿命短的结果。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本公开的目的是提供一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，以解决目前空气间隙防雷器的触发点火不均匀、通流能力受限制和续流较大时遮断能力比较差的问题。
为实现上述目的，本公开提供了一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，包括绝缘并层叠设置的N+1个板状电极，N+1个板状电极形成N个放电间隙，所述板状电极的一个电极面或两个电极面设置有凸起，即先导触发电极，所述放电间隙由一个板状电极的带有先导触发电极的电极面与另一片板状电极的平面电极面或带有先导触发电极的电极面组合而成。
进一步的，所述多间隙防雷器还包括第一引脚电极、第二引脚电极、N个连接电极、N个绝缘片和支撑架，所述板状电极、连接电极和绝缘片依序层叠设置；
所述连接电极用于将所述板状电极和旁路的所述多间隙防雷器的吸收电 路连接；
所述支撑架设置有定位槽，所述板状电极、所述连接电极和所述绝缘片通过所述支撑架进行层叠设置，形成放电间隙；
所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极分别和位于两端的板状电极抵触，形成导电连接。
进一步的，所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极为所述多间隙防雷器的侧板，所述支撑架包括一对塑胶件，所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极从所述支撑架的两侧和所述支撑架的一对塑胶件紧固连接。
进一步的，所述连接电极为框体结构，所述连接电极的框体和所述板状电极的四边抵触。
进一步的，所述绝缘片为框体结构，所述绝缘片的一面和所述板状电极抵触，所述绝缘片的另一面和所述连接电极抵触；所述绝缘片的中心通孔形成放电间隙。
进一步的，所述板状电极带有先导触发电极的电极面的中部设置有一个或呈阵列分布的先导触发电极。
进一步的，所述先导触发电极的高度为0.05毫米～2.0毫米。
进一步的，所述板状电极的材料为石墨。
进一步的，所述板状电极的材料为铜合金。
进一步的，所述板状电极和所述连接电极为一体化电极。
上述说明仅是本公开技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本公开的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本公开的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本公开的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或相关技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或相关技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本公开的多间隙防雷器实施例的展开图；
图2是本公开的带单面先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器实施例的剖面图及 局部放大图；
图3是本公开的带双面先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器实施例的剖面图及局部放大图；
图4是本公开的带单面单个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图；
图5是本公开的带单面多个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图；
图6是本公开的带双面单个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图；
图7是本公开的带双面多个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图。
具体实施例
为进一步说明各实施例，本公开提供有附图。这些附图为本公开揭露内容的一部分，其主要用以说明实施例，并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理。配合参考这些内容，本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本公开的优点。图中的组件并未按比例绘制，而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
现结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开进一步说明。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例给出了一种带单面先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，由引脚电极1、引脚电极5、板状电极3、连接电极4、绝缘片2、支撑架6、支撑架7和螺钉8组成。
在引脚电极1和引脚电极5之间，以板状电极3、绝缘片2、连接电极4、板状电极3、...、绝缘片2、连接电极4、板状电极3的顺序依次层叠，形成多个放电间隙。
在本实施例中，板状电极3的一电极面为平面电极面，另一电极面设置有一个或多个凸起，这个(或这些)凸起定义为先导触发电极31。当被保护线路上出现较高的过电压时，在防雷器的多间隙内会产生了较高压差，这时，先导触发电极31附近，由于局部电场强度超过气体的电离场强，使气体发生电离和激励，因而出现电晕放电，随着线路过电压继续升高，电晕电流的脉冲频率增加、幅值增大，在放电间隙中的先导触发电极31会与另一板状电极3产生先导的电弧，使整个间隙击穿，然后，由先导电弧引导至整个间隙起弧导通，多间隙防雷器动作对电源系统实施保护。由于在间隙内有一个或N个先导触发电极，当一个或N个先导触发电极同时点火，在间隙内会产生均匀 的放电场，使其脉冲电流能够在间隙内的有效面积上得到充分的泻放，达到良好的保护效果。
在本实施例中，连接电极4为框体结构，和板状电极3的四边抵触，对板状电极3起限位固定作用，同时形成导电连接，将板状电极3连接到旁路的多间隙防雷器的吸收电路(如RC吸收电路等)。
在本实施例中，绝缘片为框体结构，其一面和板状电极3抵触，另一面和连接电极4抵触，中间形成两板状电极3之间的放电间隙。
如图3所示，本实施例给出了一种带双面先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器。和上文实施例不同的是：本实施例中的板状电极3的两个电极面分别设置有先导触发电极31、32。当被保护线路上出现较高的过电压时，在防雷器的多间隙内会产生了较高压差，这时，放电间隙中的先导触发电极31会与另一板状电极3的先导触发电极32产生先导的电弧。
如图4所示，本实施例给出了带单面单个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图。其中(a)为正视图，(b)为侧视图。在板状电极3的一个电极面的正中设置单个先导触发电极31。
如图5所示，本实施例给出了带单面多个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图，其中(a)为正视图，(b)为侧视图。在板状电极3的一个电极面的中部设置呈阵列分布的多个先导触发电极31，另一个电极面为平面电极面。
如图6所示，本实施例给出了带双面单个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图，其中(a)为正视图，(b)为侧视图。在板状电极3的两个电极面的正中分别设置一个先导触发电极31、32。
如图7所示，本实施例给出了带双面单个先导触发电极的板状电极的结构示意图，其中(a)为正视图，(b)为侧视图。在板状电极3的两个电极面的中部分别设置呈阵列分布的多个先导触发电极31、32。
在一些实施例中，引脚电极1和引脚电极5可以是相同结构的电极，也可以是不同结构的电极，以满足不同产品结构外形的需要。
在一些实施例中，支撑架6、7均为塑胶件，支撑架6和支撑架7可以是相同结构，也可以是不同结构。支撑架6、7的一侧设置定位槽，在组装时，支撑架6、7相对设置，对绝缘片2、板状电极3和连接电极4进行安装定位。
在一些实施例中，引脚电极1和引脚电极5同时作为多间隙防雷器的两个侧板，在组装时，引脚电极1和引脚电极5通过螺钉8和支撑架6、7固定连接，构成多间隙防雷器组件。
优选的，先导触发电极31、32的高度范围为0.05毫米～2.0毫米。
优选的，板状电极3的材料可以是石墨或铜合金。
在其他实施例中，板状电极3为铜合金电极时，板状电极3和连接电极4可以是一体化电极。
采用本方式的多间隙防雷器具有如下优点：
1、降低防雷器的残压：由于采用了先导触发技术，使其间隙内部的有效面积能够充分利用，点火面积增大后，相应的弧阻抗减小，从而达到降低残压的效果。
2、提高防雷器的通流能力：由于空气间隙的点火面积增大，泻放脉冲电流的能力也就相应增强，比现在只有点击穿或小部分击穿面的空气间隙通流能力将提高30-50％。
3、增大续流遮断能力：在防雷间隙的点火面积增大以后，当击穿产生续流时，是需要比目前现有的多间隙防雷器产生续流时所需要的能量大很多，也就是说同样的能量在带先导触发电极的防雷间隙产生续流的维持时间会大大缩短。
4、扩大防雷器的使用范围：由于1、2两方面性能的提高，采用该技术的多间隙防雷器可以扩大到许多应用领域。
尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本公开，但所属领域的技术人员应该明白，在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本公开的精神和范围内，在形式上和细节上可以对本公开做出各种变化，均为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，包括绝缘并层叠设置的N+1个板状电极，N+1个板状电极形成N个放电间隙，其特征在于，所述板状电极的一个电极面或两个电极面设置有凸起，即先导触发电极，所述放电间隙由一个板状电极的带有先导触发电极的电极面与另一片板状电极的平面电极面或带有先导触发电极的电极面组合而成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，还包括第一引脚电极、第二引脚电极、N个连接电极、N个绝缘片和支撑架，所述板状电极、连接电极和绝缘片依序层叠设置；
    所述连接电极用于将所述板状电极和旁路的所述多间隙防雷器的吸收电路连接；
    所述支撑架设置有定位槽，所述板状电极、所述连接电极和所述绝缘片通过所述支撑架进行层叠设置，形成放电间隙；
    所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极分别和位于两端的板状电极抵触，形成导电连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极为所述多间隙防雷器的侧板，所述支撑架包括一对塑胶件，所述第一引脚电极和所述第二引脚电极从所述支撑架的两侧和所述支撑架的一对塑胶件紧固连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述连接电极为框体结构，所述连接电极的框体和所述板状电极的四边抵触。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述绝缘片为框体结构，所述绝缘片的一面和所述板状电极抵触，所述绝缘片的另一面和所述连接电极抵触；所述绝缘片的中心通孔形成放电间隙。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述板状电极带有先导触发电极的电极面的中部设置有一个或呈阵列分布的先导触发电极。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述先导触发电极的高度为0.05毫米～2.0毫米。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述板状电极的材料为石墨。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述板状电极的材料为铜合金。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器，其特征在于，所述板状电极和所述连接电极为一体化电极。
PCT/CN2023/088450 2022-07-06 2023-04-14 一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器 WO2024007673A1 (zh)

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CN111641111A (zh) * 2020-05-12 2020-09-08 国网湖南省电力有限公司 一种内置间隙避雷器
CN114336554A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-12 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 一种多层间隙型电涌保护器
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CN218216104U (zh) * 2022-07-06 2023-01-03 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种带有先导触发电极的多间隙防雷器

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JP2003022883A (ja) * 2001-07-09 2003-01-24 Otowa Denki Kogyo Kk 耐雷保護装置
CN102282733A (zh) * 2009-01-24 2011-12-14 三菱综合材料株式会社 电涌吸收器
CN109921401A (zh) * 2019-01-29 2019-06-21 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种多间隙型电涌保护装置
CN111641111A (zh) * 2020-05-12 2020-09-08 国网湖南省电力有限公司 一种内置间隙避雷器
CN114336554A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2022-04-12 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 一种多层间隙型电涌保护器
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