WO2024002609A1 - Procédé et dispositif de planification pour planifier une irradiation localement sélective d'une zone de travail avec une pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie, procédé et dispositif de fabrication pour la fabrication additive d'un composant à partir d'un matériau en poudre, et programme informatique pour conduire un tel procédé - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de planification pour planifier une irradiation localement sélective d'une zone de travail avec une pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie, procédé et dispositif de fabrication pour la fabrication additive d'un composant à partir d'un matériau en poudre, et programme informatique pour conduire un tel procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024002609A1
WO2024002609A1 PCT/EP2023/064577 EP2023064577W WO2024002609A1 WO 2024002609 A1 WO2024002609 A1 WO 2024002609A1 EP 2023064577 W EP2023064577 W EP 2023064577W WO 2024002609 A1 WO2024002609 A1 WO 2024002609A1
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Prior art keywords
irradiation
section
area
work area
planning
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PCT/EP2023/064577
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Gutmann
Original Assignee
Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh
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Publication of WO2024002609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024002609A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
    • B22F12/45—Two or more
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes

Definitions

  • Method and planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy beams, method and manufacturing device for additively manufacturing a component from a powder material, and computer program for carrying out such a method
  • the invention relates to a method and a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy rays, a method and a manufacturing device for additively manufacturing a component from a powder material, and a computer program for carrying out such a method.
  • a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material in which a first irradiation area for irradiating a work area with a first energy beam and a second irradiation area for irradiating the work area with a second energy beam are provided. It is provided that a first irradiation section is displaced along the first irradiation region from a first start position to a first end position within the first irradiation region, with a second irradiation section being displaced along the second irradiation region from a second start position to a second end position within the second irradiation region.
  • irradiation of the second irradiation area with the second energy beam is only started when the first irradiation section and the second Starting position for the second irradiation section relative to one another is not arranged within an interaction zone determined by the protective gas flow direction.
  • the interaction zone is defined in such a way that an adverse interaction of one energy beam with pollutants generated by the other energy beam would take place if the first irradiation section and the second starting position were arranged together within the interaction zone.
  • the interaction can consist in particular in that the affected energy beam interacts with dirt particles, smoke or fumes and thereby in particular is scattered and/or weakened in an unpredictable manner, which can reduce the quality of the resulting component.
  • an energy beam hits a location within the work area where pollutants are located that have been introduced from another location - in particular due to the protective gas flow or due to other mechanisms such as convection or diffusion.
  • the interaction zone defines a restricted area in which the energy beams are not allowed to work at the same time.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method and a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy rays, a method and a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, and a computer program for carrying out such To create a method in which the disadvantages mentioned are at least reduced, preferably not occurring.
  • the object is achieved in particular by a method, also known as a planning method, for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy beams in order to use the energy beams to create a component layer by layer from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material arranged in a layer sequence in a time-successive manner in the work area to produce, is created, with a first Displacement of a first irradiation section for a first energy beam of the plurality of energy beams along a first irradiation region on the work area from a first start position to a first end position within the first irradiation region and a second displacement of a second irradiation section for a second energy beam of the plurality of energy beams in one second irradiation area on the work area from a second starting position to a second end position within the second irradiation area can be coordinated with one another in such a way that irradiation of the second i
  • an irradiation plan for the locally selective irradiation of the work area with the energy beams is obtained or changed in this way.
  • the second irradiation area is arranged upstream of the first irradiation area, in particular with respect to the protective gas flow direction, which means in particular that pollutants generated by the second energy beam can reach the first irradiation area with the protective gas flow.
  • the planning is carried out in such a way that the respective irradiation section is shifted systematically, in particular with a defined displacement direction, within the respective irradiation area, in particular in one go, that is to say without jumps, which ultimately means that the irradiation section does not move on the way from the start position to the end position first skips areas of the irradiation area and then jumps back there, but that areas of the irradiation area arranged one behind the other from the start position to the end position are also irradiated one after the other in the order predetermined by the geometric position between the start position and the end position.
  • the second starting position is in particular arranged adjacent to the first starting position on the work area.
  • the first starting position lies within the interaction zone of the second starting position, and/or vice versa.
  • the displacement of the second irradiation section from the second start position to the second end position within the second irradiation region is in particular planned in the same direction, in particular with the same direction of displacement, as the displacement of the first irradiation section within the first irradiation region.
  • An irradiation area is understood to mean, in particular, an area that is irradiated completely, in particular systematically, in particular with a defined direction of displacement, in particular in one go, in particular without jumps, with one of the energy beams, in particular without the energy beam being displaced to another irradiation area in the meantime. If an irradiation area is completely irradiated, the energy beam preferably jumps to a next irradiation area, which is then systematically irradiated with the energy beam before the energy beam jumps again to a further irradiation area. An irradiation area is therefore in particular a contiguous area on the work area which is swept over by the energy beam without interruption.
  • an irradiation section is in particular a partial area of the irradiation area in which the energy beam irradiates the powder material arranged in the work area at a given time, in particular at a current time. Accordingly, the irradiation section shifts within the irradiation area when the irradiation area is swept over with the energy beam.
  • An interaction zone is understood, in particular, to be an area in the work area that is affected by pollutants that have arisen at a specific location inside or outside the interaction zone, be it through a cloud of pollutants or through deposited pollutants, such as smoke, smoke or dirt particles.
  • each currently processed irradiation section of an energy beam is assigned an interaction zone, which occurs in the irradiation section the resulting pollutants are influenced.
  • first irradiation section and the second starting position for the second irradiation section are not arranged relative to one another within such an interaction zone therefore means in particular that the first irradiation section is not arranged in an interaction zone assigned to the second starting position, and/or that - preferably additionally - the second starting position is not arranged in an interaction zone assigned to the first irradiation section.
  • the fact that the interaction zone is determined in particular by the protective gas flow direction means in particular that the protective gas flow direction is at least co-determining for the orientation and arrangement of the interaction zone, wherein it preferably defines the arrangement and orientation of the interaction zone.
  • the protective gas flow direction essentially determines where pollutants generated in an irradiation section are relocated. At the same time, however, it is not necessary for the protective gas flow direction to be decisive at all or solely for the interaction zone.
  • the interaction zone can also extend due to other mechanisms such as convection and / or diffusion, or in other directions, in particular in some areas counter to the protective gas flow direction, because pollutants, in particular smoke, smoke, are released due to an initial impulse as well as convection and / or diffusion and/or splashes, even at least over a limited distance without protective gas flow, can be displaced counter to the protective gas flow direction or laterally to the protective gas flow direction.
  • the interaction zone can therefore be determined by further parameters as an alternative or in addition to the protective gas flow direction.
  • the planning steps described here are repeated, in particular within a powder material layer, until the irradiation of the powder material layer is planned for all areas or component sections to be irradiated.
  • the second irradiation region is preferably a further first irradiation region for a third irradiation region, which is then in turn a new, second irradiation region in relation to the further first irradiation region, that is to say the previous second irradiation region.
  • the procedure described here can therefore be iterated as desired along the powder material layer. It is possible for the different irradiation areas to alternate with the first energy beam and the second energy beam be applied; However, it is also possible for more than two energy beams to be used, for example three energy beams, or more than three energy beams.
  • the procedure according to the invention or preferred according to the invention is preferably carried out again for each new powder material layer, i.e. repeated from powder material layer to powder material layer until the irradiation is planned for all powder material layers of the component to be produced.
  • the procedure described so far refers to exactly one layer of powder material;
  • the different irradiation areas are therefore defined in particular in the same powder material layer, and preferably anew for each new powder material layer.
  • the displacements of the first energy beam and the second energy beam are coordinated with one another in such a way that the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section is synchronized with the start of irradiation in the first irradiation section.
  • the displacement of the second energy beam in the second irradiation section is synchronized with the displacement of the first energy beam in the first irradiation section.
  • the displacements are coordinated with one another in such a way that the energy beams within their assigned irradiation sections are shifted in phase with one another, or out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • a periodic displacement of the energy beams from a respective first boundary of the assigned irradiation region to a respective second boundary of the assigned irradiation region is correspondingly coordinated, so that the periodic displacement takes place in phase, or out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • the irradiation plan is obtained. This means in particular that the radiation treatment plan is created as part of the planning process.
  • the coordination of the second displacement of the second irradiation section with the first displacement of the first irradiation section is carried out by the same computing device, which also takes over the planning of the irradiation of the work area, in particular the generation of irradiation vectors for the irradiation of the work area.
  • the irradiation vectors are generated and the second displacement is coordinated to the first shift within a uniform computing process, especially within the processing of the same computer program.
  • the coordination described here does not necessarily require an explicit synchronization of the energy beams in real time, since the individual displacement times, in particular processing times for irradiation vectors, as well as jump times or dead travel times between the processing of individual irradiation vectors are known very precisely.
  • the displacement of the energy beams can therefore be calculated very precisely in advance at a given start of irradiation.
  • coordination of the displacement of the energy beams, in particular synchronization can also take place implicitly, in particular by defining waiting times and/or dead travel sections, before the production of a component.
  • a sleep command from a computer program used to plan the irradiation can be used for this purpose.
  • the irradiation plan is changed.
  • an irradiation plan created elsewhere, in particular by another computing device or another computer program is obtained, and as part of the planning method proposed here, this irradiation plan is modified, with the second displacement of the second irradiation section in accordance with the invention being based on the first displacement of the first irradiation section is coordinated.
  • This can be done on the same computing device that also plans the irradiation of the work area, in particular generates the irradiation vectors;
  • the coordination of the second displacement with the first displacement is then carried out in particular by a separate computing process, in particular by processing a separate computer program.
  • the change or modification of the irradiation plan is preferably carried out on another, separate computing device, in particular on a control device of a manufacturing device.
  • the irradiation plan it is possible for the irradiation plan to be modified in real time during the production of a component. It is advantageously possible to explicitly synchronize the displacements of the energy beams with one another.
  • the coordination according to the invention of the second displacement to the first displacement can be carried out during the remaining planning of the irradiation, in particular the definition of the irradiation vectors, after the remaining planning of the irradiation but before the processing of the irradiation plan for producing a component, or during the processing of the irradiation plan , i.e. in real time during the production of the component.
  • Additive or generative manufacturing or manufacturing of a component is understood to mean, in particular, a powder bed-based method for producing a component, in particular a manufacturing method that is selected from a group consisting of selective laser sintering, laser metal fusion - LMF), a direct metal laser melting (Direct Metal Laser Melting - DMLM), a Laser Net Shaping Manufacturing (LNSM), a selective electron beam melting ((Selective) Electron Beam Melting - (S)EBM), and a Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS).
  • the manufacturing device is therefore in particular set up to carry out at least one of the aforementioned additive or generative manufacturing processes.
  • the at least one energy beam is in particular selected from a group consisting of an electromagnetic beam, in particular an optical working beam, in particular a laser beam, and a particle beam, in particular an electron beam.
  • the at least one energy beam can be continuous or pulsed, in particular continuous laser radiation or pulsed laser radiation.
  • An irradiation vector is understood to mean, in particular, a continuous, preferably linear displacement of the energy beam over a specific distance with a specific direction of displacement.
  • the irradiation vector includes in particular the direction or orientation of the displacement, i.e. the vector orientation.
  • the irradiation vector does not have to be designed as a straight section; rather, an irradiation vector can also follow a line or curve that is at least partially curved.
  • irradiation or processing of an irradiation vector is understood in particular to mean that irradiation of the powder material in the work area is carried out in accordance with the definition given by the irradiation vector.
  • the start of the processing of a temporally first irradiation vector in the second irradiation region is coordinated with the start of the processing of a specific irradiation vector in the first irradiation region, in particular in such a way that the processing of the temporally first irradiation vector in the second irradiation region simultaneously with the processing of the specific one Irradiation vector begins in the first irradiation area.
  • the specific irradiation vector in the first irradiation region is selected so that at least a beginning of the specific irradiation vector - in particular for the first time in the processing sequence of the irradiation vectors of the first irradiation region - lies outside the interaction zone of the temporally first irradiation vector in the second irradiation region.
  • the specific irradiation vector is therefore in particular the first irradiation vector of the first irradiation region, which no longer lies in the interaction zone of the temporally first irradiation vector of the second irradiation region.
  • the processing of the irradiation vectors is synchronized so that the energy beams are at a defined distance from one another, particularly at the beginning of the irradiation of the second irradiation area.
  • irradiation of a plurality of second irradiation vectors in the second irradiation region is timed in pairs with irradiation of a plurality of first irradiation vectors in the first irradiation region.
  • the second displacement can be coordinated with the first displacement.
  • the irradiation of the plurality of second irradiation vectors is planned synchronously with the irradiation of the plurality of first irradiation vectors, in particular in phase, out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • In-phase irradiation means in particular that the processing of a second irradiation vector is started at the same time as the processing of an assigned first irradiation vector;
  • a phase-shifted irradiation means that there is a time offset, defined by a specific phase shift, between the respective start of the processing of the assigned first and second irradiation vectors, for example at maximum phase shift such that the processing of the second irradiation vector begins at the moment in which the Processing of the first irradiation vector ends;
  • Alternating in-phase and out-of-phase irradiation means that a first predetermined number of pairs of mutually assigned first and second irradiation vectors is irradiated in phase, after which a second - in particular identical to the first - predetermined number of such pairs is irradiated in a phase-shifted manner, etc.
  • the first and second predetermined number be equal to one, so that the irradiation takes place alternately, in immediate succession, in phase and
  • a waiting time until the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section is determined at the second start position of the second irradiation region in order to coordinate the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section with the start of irradiation in the first irradiation section, in particular synchronously, in particular to plan in phase, or out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • the waiting time is determined in such a way that the irradiation of the plurality of second irradiation vectors is time-coordinated, in particular synchronized, with the irradiation of the plurality of first irradiation vectors, in particular as shown above, in particular optionally in phase, out of phase or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • a waiting time is determined for the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section at at least one position along the second irradiation region outside the second start position. In this way, not only can the start of the irradiation of the second irradiation region be timed to coincide with the irradiation of the first irradiation region, but a subsequent timing can also take place.
  • waiting times are determined for the second irradiation vectors - in particular for all second irradiation vectors to which a first irradiation vector can be assigned - in order to coordinate the irradiation of the second irradiation vectors with the irradiation of the first irradiation vectors, in particular synchronously , in particular in phase, or out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • continuous coordination of the displacement of the energy beams can be advantageously ensured, so that in particular at no time during the Irradiation can cause the second energy beam to catch up relative to the first energy beam.
  • the waiting times are defined in such a way that the irradiation of the second irradiation vectors is time-coordinated, in particular synchronized, with the irradiation of the first irradiation vectors, in particular as shown above, in particular optionally in phase, out of phase or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • the second irradiation vectors are planned with dead travel sections at the beginning and/or at the end of the respective second irradiation vector in order to coordinate the irradiation of the second irradiation vectors with the irradiation of the first irradiation vectors, in particular synchronously, in particular in phase, or out of phase, or alternately in phase and out of phase, to plan.
  • the dead travel sections are planned in such a way that the irradiation of the second irradiation vectors is time-coordinated, in particular synchronized, with the irradiation of the first irradiation vectors, in particular as shown above, in particular optionally in phase, out of phase or alternately in phase and out of phase.
  • a dead travel section is understood to mean, in particular, a section of an irradiation vector in or for which the energy beam is switched off, deflected away from the work area or blocked. While a scanner device is being moved along the dead travel section, the work area is not irradiated. The fact that the scanner device is displaced along the dead travel section means in particular that the scanner device, which is provided for displacing the energy beam on the work area, is displaced in such a way that the energy beam would be displaced along the dead travel section if it were not switched off, deflected away from the work area or would be blocked.
  • the respective dead travel section is planned at the beginning or at the end of the second irradiation vector when the respective second irradiation vector falls below the predetermined minimum vector length.
  • the respective dead travel section is always planned at the beginning or always at the end of the second irradiation vectors. In this way, overheating can be effectively avoided, since in each case there is a waiting time between the irradiation of two adjacent second irradiation vectors due to the dead travel section that is always inserted either at the beginning or always at the end.
  • a dead travel section can be planned in order to achieve a suitable waiting time and thus avoid overheating.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a method, also known as a manufacturing process, for the additive manufacturing of a component from a powder material, wherein a component is produced in layers by means of a plurality of energy beams from a plurality of powder material layers of a powder material arranged in a layer sequence in a time-successive manner in a work area is, wherein a start of irradiation in a second irradiation section for a second energy beam of the plurality of energy beams, which is displaced along a second irradiation region on the work area from a second start position to a second end position within the second irradiation region, is timed to a start of irradiation in a first irradiation section for a first energy beam of the plurality of energy beams, which is displaced along a first irradiation region on the work area from a first starting position to a first end position within the first irradiation region, is tuned.
  • the coordination of the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section with the start of irradiation in the first irradiation section is carried out in particular by using a previously created or received irradiation plan.
  • the coordination is carried out by synchronizing the displacement of the energy beams in real time the processing of a previously created or received radiation plan, i.e. in particular by changing or modifying the radiation plan.
  • an irradiation plan obtained using a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments is provided, with the component being manufactured according to the irradiation plan.
  • the irradiation plan is provided by carrying out a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments.
  • the method for manufacturing the component therefore also includes - in particular in the form of upstream steps - the method for planning the irradiation.
  • a laser beam or an electron beam is preferably used as the energy beam.
  • the component is preferably manufactured using selective laser sintering and/or selective laser melting.
  • a metallic or ceramic powder or a thermoplastic can preferably be used as the powder material.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy beams in order to use the energy beams to produce a component from a powder material arranged in the work area, the planning device being set up to to carry out a planning method according to the invention or a planning method according to one or more of the previously described embodiments.
  • the planning device In connection with the planning device, there are in particular the advantages that have already been explained previously in connection with the planning method, the manufacturing method or the computer program.
  • the planning device can be set up to plan the locally selective irradiation of the work area with a plurality of energy beams.
  • the planning device does not take over the complete planning of the locally selective irradiation of the work area, but only parts of it; In particular, it is possible for the planning device to only take over that part of the planning of the locally selective irradiation of the work area that relates to the previously described steps and/or specifications.
  • other parts of the planning of the locally selective irradiation can be carried out in other computing devices, in particular in a computing device external to the manufacturing device, or also in the manufacturing device itself, in particular its control device, or also in a data cloud or cloud.
  • the beam generating device is set up to generate the plurality of energy beams and/or the manufacturing device has a plurality of beam generating devices for generating the plurality of energy beams. It is possible for a plurality of scanner devices to be provided for the plurality of energy beams. However, it is also possible for exactly one scanner device to be set up to relocate the majority of energy beams - in particular independently of one another - on the work area. In particular, the scanner device can have a plurality of separately controllable scanners, in particular scanner mirrors, for this purpose.
  • the scanner device preferably has at least one scanner, in particular a galvanometer scanner, piezo scanner, polygon scanner, MEMS scanner, and/or a working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the work area.
  • the scanner devices proposed here are particularly suitable for displacing the energy beam within the working area between a plurality of irradiation positions.
  • a working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the working area is understood here in particular to mean an integrated component of the manufacturing device, which has at least one radiation outlet for at least one energy beam, the integrated component, that is to say the working head, as a whole along at least one direction of displacement, preferably along two perpendicular to one another displacement directions, can be moved relative to the work area.
  • a working head can in particular be designed in a portal design or be guided by a robot.
  • the working head can be designed as a robot hand of a robot.
  • the control device is preferably selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board.
  • the control device is an RTC5 or RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the embodiment currently available on the date determining the seniority of the present property right.
  • the at least one beam generating device is preferably designed as a laser.
  • the energy beams are thus advantageously generated as intensive beams of coherent electromagnetic radiation, in particular coherent light.
  • irradiation preferably means exposure.
  • the manufacturing device is preferably set up for selective laser sintering. Alternatively or additionally, the manufacturing device is set up for selective laser melting. These configurations of the manufacturing device have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material with an exemplary embodiment of a planning device
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of exemplary embodiments of a method for planning locally selective irradiation of a work area with a plurality of energy beams.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing device 1 for the additive manufacturing of a component 3 from a powder material 5 with an exemplary embodiment of a planning device 7.
  • the manufacturing device 1 has at least one beam generating device 9, preferably designed as a laser, which is set up to generate a plurality of energy beams 11, in particular laser beams, and also at least one scanner device 13, which is set up to locally selectively supply a work area 15 with the energy beams 11 irradiate in order to produce the component 3 from the powder material 5 arranged in the work area 15 by means of the energy beams 11.
  • the beam generating device 9 generates more than one energy beam 11, or the manufacturing device 1 has more than one beam generating device 9 for generating the plurality of energy beams 11, here a first beam generating device 9.1 for generating a first energy beam 11.1 and a second beam generating device 9.2 to generate a second energy beam 11.2.
  • the manufacturing device 1 preferably has a separate scanner device 13 for each energy beam 11, namely a first scanner device 13.1 for the first energy beam 11.1 and a second scanner device 13.2 for the second energy beam 11.2.
  • the manufacturing device 1 further has a control device 17, designed in particular as a computing device 8, which is operatively connected to the at least one scanner device 13 and preferably also to the at least one beam generating device 9 and is set up to control the at least one scanner device 13 and optionally the at least to control a beam generating device 9.
  • the control device 17 is set up to carry out a method described in more detail below for planning the locally selective irradiation of the work area 15 with the energy beam 11, also referred to as the planning method for short.
  • control device 17 has the planning device 7, which is designed in particular as a further computing device 10 and is set up accordingly to carry out the planning method.
  • control device 17 itself is designed as the planning device 7.
  • the planning method it is also possible for the planning method to be carried out on a planning device 7 provided separately from the manufacturing device 1.
  • the manufacturing device 1 is in particular set up to build up the component 3 in layers from a plurality of powder material layers arranged in a sequence of layers in the working area 15.
  • the work area 15, in particular in the form of a powder bed is arranged on a construction platform, which is gradually lowered against a vertical direction in the course of providing the successive powder material layers in the work area 15.
  • the powder material 5, each forming a next powder material layer is conveyed from the area of a storage cylinder into the work area 15 by means of a coating element designed in particular as a wiper or slider and is smoothed there by the coating element, so that the current powder material layer is provided.
  • the component 3 is built up layer by layer, that is, layer by layer.
  • an irradiation plan obtained using the planning method described below is provided for the locally selective irradiation of the work area 15 with the energy beams 11, and the component 3 is manufactured according to the irradiation plan provided.
  • the irradiation plan is preferably provided by carrying out the planning method - in particular by the planning device 7.
  • a first displacement of a first irradiation section 19.1 for the first energy beam 11.1 along a first Irradiation area 21.1 of a plurality of irradiation areas 21 on the work area 15 from a first starting position 23.1 to a first end position 25.1 within the first irradiation area 21.1 and a second displacement of a second irradiation section 19.2 for the second energy beam 11.2 in a second irradiation area 21.2 of the plurality of irradiation areas 21 the working area 15 from a second starting position 23.2 to a second end position 25.2 within the second irradiation area 21.2 is coordinated with one another in such a way that, on the one hand, irradiation of the second irradiation area 21.2 with the second energy beam 11.2 only begins when the first irradiation section 19.1 and the second starting position 23.2 are relative to each other are not arranged within an interaction zone 27, in particular within a second interaction zone 27.2 assigned to the second energy beam
  • the manufacturing device 1 also has a protective gas device 29, which is set up to provide a protective gas flow with a defined protective gas flow direction - which is shown here by first arrows PI, with only one of the first arrows PI being marked with the corresponding reference number for better clarity - over the work area 15 to generate.
  • the interaction zone 27 is determined in particular by the protective gas flow direction.
  • each energy beam 11 has its own
  • Interaction zone 27 is assigned, namely a first interaction zone 27.1 to the first energy beam 11.1, and the second to the second energy beam 11.2
  • the irradiation areas 21 are in particular designed as strips in which irradiation vectors 31 preferably extend in the width direction of the respective strip, that is to say perpendicular to a longitudinal extent of the strip.
  • the irradiation vectors 31 preferably extend along the entire width of the respective strip-shaped irradiation area 21.
  • the width of the irradiation area 21 therefore preferably defines the length of the irradiation vectors 31.
  • a strip-shaped irradiation area 21 is preferably sequentially aligned with a plurality of irradiation areas aligned in the width direction and in the longitudinal direction of the irradiation area 21 offset from one another or arranged next to one another Irradiation vectors 31 overlined.
  • the vector orientation of the irradiation vectors 31 arranged antiparallel to one another alternates within the strips;
  • the irradiation vectors 31 it is also possible for the irradiation vectors 31 to be arranged with the same vector orientation, i.e. parallel to one another.
  • first irradiation vectors 31.1 in the first irradiation area 21.1 are shown here as solid arrows, with second irradiation vectors 31.2 in the second irradiation area 21.2 being shown as dashed arrows.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic representation of exemplary embodiments of the planning method.
  • a waiting time until the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section at the second starting position 23.2 is determined in order to coordinate, in particular to synchronize, the second start of irradiation in the second irradiation section 19.2 represented by a point B to the first start of irradiation in the first irradiation section 19.1 represented by a point A.
  • the second start of irradiation B and the first start of irradiation A are in phase with one another, that is to say the start of the irradiation of a first second irradiation vector 31.2 at the second starting position 23.2 occurs at the same time as the start of the irradiation of a first irradiation vector 31.1 in the current first irradiation section 19.1 .
  • the second start of irradiation B and the first start of irradiation are out of phase with one another, in particular in such a way that the start of the irradiation of the first second irradiation vector 31.2 at the second starting position 23.2 coincides with the end of the irradiation of the first irradiation vector 31.1 in the current first irradiation section 19.1 takes place.
  • a waiting time is determined for the start of irradiation in the second irradiation section 19.2 at at least one position along the second irradiation region 21.2 outside the second starting position 23.2.
  • the respective dead travel section 33 is planned depending on a vector orientation of the respective second irradiation vector 31.2 with respect to the first irradiation area 21.1 either at the beginning or at the end of the assigned second irradiation vector 31.2, in particular in such a way that the dead travel section 33 is always arranged on the side of the second irradiation area 21.2 facing away from the first irradiation area 21.1.
  • the dead travel section 33 is always planned at the beginning of the assigned second irradiation vector 31.2.
  • the dead travel section 33 is always planned at the end of the assigned second irradiation vector 31.2.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de planification d'une irradiation localement sélective d'une zone de travail (15) avec une pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie (11), afin de, au moyen des faisceaux d'énergie (11), fabriquer un composant (3) couche par couche à partir d'une pluralité de couches d'un matériau en poudre (5) agencées les unes après les autres à des temps successifs dans une séquence de couches dans la zone de travail (15), dans lequel - un premier déplacement d'une première section d'irradiation (19.1) pour un premier faisceau d'énergie (11.1) de la pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie (11) le long d'une première zone d'irradiation (21.1) sur la zone de travail (15) depuis une première position de début (23.1) jusqu'à une première position de fin (25.1) dans la première zone d'irradiation (21.1) et - un deuxième déplacement d'une deuxième section d'irradiation (19.2) pour un deuxième faisceau d'énergie (11.2) de la pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie (11) dans une deuxième zone d'irradiation (21.2) sur la zone de travail (15) depuis une deuxième position de début (23.2) jusqu'à une deuxième position de fin (25.2) dans la deuxième zone d'irradiation (21.2) - sont coordonnées l'une avec l'autre de sorte que • une irradiation de la deuxième zone d'irradiation (21.2) avec le deuxième faisceau d'énergie (11.2) commence uniquement lorsque la première section d'irradiation (19.1) et la deuxième position de début (23.2) pour la deuxième section d'irradiation (19.2) ne sont pas agencées l'une par rapport à l'autre dans une zone d'interaction (27), et que • un début d'irradiation dans la deuxième section d'irradiation (19.2) est temporisé de façon à être coordonné avec un début d'irradiation dans la première section d'irradiation (19.1), - un plan d'irradiation pour l'irradiation localement sélective de la zone de travail (15) avec les faisceaux d'énergie (11) est obtenu ou modifié.
PCT/EP2023/064577 2022-06-29 2023-05-31 Procédé et dispositif de planification pour planifier une irradiation localement sélective d'une zone de travail avec une pluralité de faisceaux d'énergie, procédé et dispositif de fabrication pour la fabrication additive d'un composant à partir d'un matériau en poudre, et programme informatique pour conduire un tel procédé WO2024002609A1 (fr)

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DE102022116140.4A DE102022116140A1 (de) 2022-06-29 2022-06-29 Verfahren und Planungsvorrichtung zum Planen einer lokal selektiven Bestrahlung eines Arbeitsbereichs mit einer Mehrzahl an Energiestrahlen, Verfahren und Fertigungsvorrichtung zum additiven Fertigen eines Bauteils aus einem Pulvermaterial, und Computerprogramm zum Durchführen eines solchen Verfahrens

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2015091875A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Arcam Ab Procédé de fabrication additive
DE102020210724A1 (de) 2020-08-24 2022-02-24 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Fertigungseinrichtung, Verfahren und Computerprogrammprodukt zum additiven Fertigen von Bauteilen aus einem Pulvermaterial

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10471510B2 (en) 2017-08-15 2019-11-12 General Electric Company Selective modification of build strategy parameter(s) for additive manufacturing
JP7306330B2 (ja) 2020-06-04 2023-07-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 積層造形方法及び積層造形装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015091875A1 (fr) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-25 Arcam Ab Procédé de fabrication additive
DE102020210724A1 (de) 2020-08-24 2022-02-24 Trumpf Laser- Und Systemtechnik Gmbh Fertigungseinrichtung, Verfahren und Computerprogrammprodukt zum additiven Fertigen von Bauteilen aus einem Pulvermaterial

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