WO2024002582A1 - Stratégie de forgeage de smx - Google Patents

Stratégie de forgeage de smx Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024002582A1
WO2024002582A1 PCT/EP2023/063572 EP2023063572W WO2024002582A1 WO 2024002582 A1 WO2024002582 A1 WO 2024002582A1 EP 2023063572 W EP2023063572 W EP 2023063572W WO 2024002582 A1 WO2024002582 A1 WO 2024002582A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
forging
radial forging
radial
tools
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2023/063572
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frederik Knauf
Frederik WOLFGARTEN
Original Assignee
Sms Group Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102022206855.6A external-priority patent/DE102022206855A1/de
Application filed by Sms Group Gmbh filed Critical Sms Group Gmbh
Publication of WO2024002582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024002582A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J7/14—Forging machines working with several hammers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
    • B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J7/46—Control devices specially adapted to forging hammers, not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/02—Special design or construction
    • B21J9/06—Swaging presses; Upsetting presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for radial forging a workpiece from an initial state to a final state by means of a radial forging machine, comprising forging tools arranged around the circumference of the workpiece, preferably four forging tools, and a radial forging machine for carrying out such a method.
  • Radial forging machines are well known to those skilled in the art and have several, usually four, tools, which usually act on the workpiece at the same time. This almost completely avoids any widening of the workpiece; in the radial forging process, there is usually only a workpiece elongation during forming from an initial state into a final state with corresponding geometries.
  • overforging a stitch
  • the workpiece is reshaped by repeated action of the tools; an action of the tools can also be referred to as a stroke or tool stroke.
  • the entire forming of the workpiece is usually carried out using successive stitch sequences in the form of a stitch plan.
  • a stitch plan therefore consists of several stitches and describes the development of the workpiece geometry from the initial state to the desired final state.
  • the forming process on a radial forging machine can be divided into two types of forming, namely forming, in which the workpiece structure is formed in such a way that the required workpiece quality is achieved with the highest possible productivity, and on the other hand, so-called finishing, in which the surface is optimized accordingly .
  • finishing in which the surface is optimized accordingly .
  • the most widely used strategy is to perform workpiece forming in a spiral forging mode. After each tool stroke, the workpiece is rotated by a defined angle and moved in such a way that in the subsequent stroke an area that has not yet undergone complete deformation is reshaped with the help of the tools. This means that the tool completely covers the surface of the workpiece throughout the entire pass. In this spiral forging mode, the movement, i.e. the possible feed, is limited by the maximum tool length and the angle of rotation for rotating the workpiece. With this spiral forging strategy, all, preferably four, forging tools are always in motion with every stroke and thus take part in the forming and reshape the workpiece in the same shape.
  • Another known forging strategy provides that all, preferably 4, forging tools also reshape the workpiece with each stroke, but there is no rotation of the workpiece between the strokes.
  • This strategy is called straight-ahead mode and bears some similarity to common forging processes on open-die forging presses. By eliminating the workpiece rotation after a stroke, it is possible to increase the feed rate compared to the spiral forging strategy.
  • forging an octagonal cross-section for example, there is no complete forging of the workpiece surface in this pass.
  • a forging strategy for radial forging machines that has so far only rarely been used is one in which the available tools be controlled in pairs.
  • opposing tools are controlled together and take part in the forming process; other tools are controlled at a different time or with a different target dimension.
  • This forging strategy is also called flat mode. In flat mode, it is also possible for a pair of tools to remain at a target dimension during the stitch and at least limit the free flow of material in the lateral direction, which is caused by the pair of tools fully participating in the forming.
  • one of the three forging strategies mentioned above is used to form a workpiece.
  • a finishing process is usually carried out to ensure an attractive surface with a forming process limited around the circumference of the workpiece to produce a workpiece with the desired final geometry and desired surface quality and desired appearance.
  • a method for radial forging a workpiece from an initial state to a final state wherein the radial forging is preferably carried out several times following a pass plan by one
  • the initial state is transformed into a final state by means of a radial forging machine, which comprises forging tools arranged around the circumference of the workpiece.
  • a radial forging machine which comprises forging tools arranged around the circumference of the workpiece.
  • four forging tools are arranged around the circumference of the workpiece.
  • the radial forging machine is designed and arranged to carry out radial forging in at least three operating modes, namely A) spiral mode, B) straight mode and C) flat mode.
  • the workpiece is formed from an initial state to a final state in a sequence of radial forging passes, with at least two of the three different operating modes being applied consecutively, ie directly and without intermediate passes.
  • the invention refers to a stitch as a sequence of forming processes in a predetermined operating mode over the entire length of the workpiece or at least a predetermined partial length of the workpiece.
  • the method for radial forging should include at least two different and successive operating modes, for example a first stitch in spiral mode, followed by a second stitch in straight mode, followed in turn by a third stitch in spiral mode, possibly followed by a flat mode. Every conceivable combination of operating modes in the stitch sequence is covered by the idea of the invention, as long as two consecutive stitches implement different operating modes. This means that stitch sequences are also included in the inventive concept, in which several consecutive stitches implement the same operating mode, but then followed by a different operating mode.
  • finishing pass is not taken into account as a forming operation and therefore does not represent a separate operating mode.
  • an improvement in the local shape change and thus an improvement in product quality can be achieved.
  • the process chain can also be shortened by reducing pre-forging processes.
  • the method according to the invention allows a forming process that is optimally adapted to the workpiece and its material quality, in particular with the best possible forging of the workpiece as a whole and taking into account the shape change distribution within the workpiece.
  • the application and/or the sequence of the different operating modes depends on the material of the workpiece. It is advantageous to use the requirements that need to be taken into account for certain materials when creating the stitch plan.
  • different materials can be combined into material classes, which can optionally be subjected to the same sequence of operating modes. These material classes are, for example: carbon steels, tempered steels, high-speed steels, cold-work steels, hot-work steels, rust- and acid-resistant steels, nickel-based alloys, high-temperature steels and titanium alloys, to name just a few.
  • material classes are, for example: carbon steels, tempered steels, high-speed steels, cold-work steels, hot-work steels, rust- and acid-resistant steels, nickel-based alloys, high-temperature steels and titanium alloys, to name just a few.
  • the radial forging process which can then influence the selection of operating modes and the sequence of operating modes to be used, depending on the material.
  • the workpiece in the operating mode of the spiral mode, is rotated at a predetermined angle of rotation about its longitudinal axis after each forging tool stroke. It is preferred if all forging tools participate in the forming process, preferably evenly. In an equally preferred embodiment of the invention, in the operating mode of the straight-ahead mode, there is no rotation of the workpiece about its longitudinal axis after each tool stroke. In this context, it is particularly preferred if all forging tools participate in the forming process evenly.
  • only one forming takes place by forging tools arranged opposite one another, preferably two forging tools located opposite one another from a total number of four forging tools arranged around the circumference of the workpiece.
  • the tools that do not participate in a first forming operation or only participate to a limited extent can be controlled differently in terms of time or in terms of the amount of forming than the forging tools described above and taking part in the forming.
  • the forging tools that do not take part in the forming can only be placed close to the workpiece in order to at least limit and preferably completely prevent lateral spreading of the workpiece during the radial forging process.
  • the forging tools that do not take part in the forming can of course also remain in a starting position and do not make contact with the workpiece, at least for a limited time.
  • the method according to the invention is preferably carried out with a control device which is designed and set up to calculate an optimal stitch sequence for the workpiece and then specify it to the radial forging machine so that the optimal stitch sequence is carried out.
  • a control device which is designed and set up to calculate an optimal stitch sequence for the workpiece and then specify it to the radial forging machine so that the optimal stitch sequence is carried out.
  • the control of the radial forging machine is carried out on the basis of a pass plan calculation program, which generates an optimal stitch sequence taking into account the optimal forging strategies.
  • the starting temperature for example, is preferably also taken into account Furnace temperature, and particularly preferably also the material quality, are specified.
  • the technology program can then calculate the best stitch sequence using all possible forging strategies.
  • the intermediate dimensions after each tool stroke and the forging strategy are calculated in such a way that the best shape change distribution is achieved at the end of the stitch sequence. This can be done, for example, by comparing the shape change distribution at the end of the process by calculating all possible combinations of stitch sequences and stitches in different operating modes.
  • the design of the forging strategy is preferably carried out taking into account the system force and the available tool geometries.
  • a technology program for pass plan calculation that is particularly suitable for such purposes is the Comforge® technology package, which, with data from all industrially relevant materials, has all the prerequisites for calculating the corresponding forging plans.
  • Comforge® provides system operators with a comprehensive database for trouble-free and technologically proven forging processes. It is particularly preferred if an automation system monitors and controls all system components, control devices and sensors. With the appropriate application of the Comforge® technology package, the forging process from start to finish, the geometry of the forming, the forces involved and the temperatures to be taken into account as well as the time for each pass can be pre-calculated and modeled for the entire forging process.
  • a radial forging machine for carrying out the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the radial forging machine is provided with a control device which is designed and set up to control the radial forging machine on the basis of a pass schedule calculation program.
  • This Pass plan calculation program preferably takes into account the start and desired final geometry as well as the starting temperature of the radial forging process as well as the material quality of the workpiece itself.
  • the pass plan calculation program also takes into account intermediate dimensions of the workpiece with the aim of optimal shape change distribution on the workpiece.
  • the system operator is provided with a method and a radial forging machine intended for this purpose, which are able to enable optimal forming of the workpiece adapted to the material quality and using a sequence of comparatively easy-to-control processes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de forgeage radial d'une pièce d'un état initial à un état final, de préférence suivant un programme de passes à de multiples reprises d'un état initial à un état final, au moyen d'une machine de forgeage radial, comprenant des outils de forgeage disposés autour de la périphérie de la pièce, de préférence quatre outils de forgeage, la machine de forgeage radial étant conçue et configurée pour effectuer le forgeage radial dans au moins trois modes de fonctionnement, qui comprennent : A) un forgeage radial dans le mode en spirale, b) un forgeage radial en mode droit et c) un forgeage radial en mode plat, et caractérisé en ce que la mise en forme de la pièce d'un état initial à un état final est une séquence de passes de forgeage radial, au moins deux des trois modes de fonctionnement différents étant appliqués successivement. L'invention concerne en outre une machine de forgeage radial pour la mise en œuvre de ce procédé.
PCT/EP2023/063572 2022-06-30 2023-05-22 Stratégie de forgeage de smx WO2024002582A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102022206670 2022-06-30
DE102022206670.7 2022-06-30
DE102022206855.6A DE102022206855A1 (de) 2022-06-30 2022-07-05 Schmiedestrategie SMX
DE102022206855.6 2022-07-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2024002582A1 true WO2024002582A1 (fr) 2024-01-04

Family

ID=86688441

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2023/063572 WO2024002582A1 (fr) 2022-06-30 2023-05-22 Stratégie de forgeage de smx

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2024002582A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0323607A2 (fr) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-12 Pahnke Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Machine à forger en long pour forger des barres circulaires ou des barres à angles vifs
DE102009034541B3 (de) * 2009-07-23 2011-04-07 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Streckschmieden von gedrallten Teilen
CN111922264A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-13 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种径锻不旋转锻造方法
CN114178453A (zh) * 2021-11-04 2022-03-15 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种高合金方坯的径向锻造方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0323607A2 (fr) * 1988-01-07 1989-07-12 Pahnke Engineering GmbH & Co. KG Machine à forger en long pour forger des barres circulaires ou des barres à angles vifs
DE102009034541B3 (de) * 2009-07-23 2011-04-07 Langenstein & Schemann Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Streckschmieden von gedrallten Teilen
CN111922264A (zh) * 2020-06-22 2020-11-13 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种径锻不旋转锻造方法
CN114178453A (zh) * 2021-11-04 2022-03-15 大冶特殊钢有限公司 一种高合金方坯的径向锻造方法

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