WO2024001371A1 - 信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品 - Google Patents

信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品 Download PDF

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WO2024001371A1
WO2024001371A1 PCT/CN2023/085736 CN2023085736W WO2024001371A1 WO 2024001371 A1 WO2024001371 A1 WO 2024001371A1 CN 2023085736 W CN2023085736 W CN 2023085736W WO 2024001371 A1 WO2024001371 A1 WO 2024001371A1
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measurement
information
strategy
domain
node
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PCT/CN2023/085736
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English (en)
French (fr)
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马秋方
吴钦
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2024001371A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024001371A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/12—Network monitoring probes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of information collection technology, and in particular to an information collection method, device, system, storage medium and computer program product.
  • the network information includes one or more of reachability, delay, hop count, packet loss rate, throughput rate, bandwidth, etc. At present, there is an urgent need to provide a reasonable network information collection solution.
  • This application provides an information collection method, device, system, storage medium and computer program product, which can reasonably collect network information based on policies and facilitate unified management.
  • the technical solutions are as follows:
  • an information collection method which is applied to the target application-layer traffic optimization (ALTO) server.
  • the method includes:
  • the target ALTO server sends an information measurement strategy.
  • the information measurement strategy includes a measurement strategy of the first network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the first network domain is used to instruct the first measurement node to perform one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy includes the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks; the target ALTO server obtains the measurement results, and the measurement results include results obtained after the first measurement node executes the one or more first measurement tasks.
  • This application provides a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority. When the priority of the measurement task is higher than the priority of other tasks in the pending tasks of the measurement node, the measurement node can prioritize the measurement task, thereby improving the efficiency of information collection.
  • the first measurement node is a measurement node in the first network domain. Any measurement node is an endpoint in the network or a network element device between two endpoints.
  • the target ALTO server is a single-domain ALTO server corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the target ALTO server sends an information measurement strategy, including: sending the first network domain to the controller or the first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain. measurement strategy. It should be understood that the single-domain ALTO server directly delivers the policy to the measurement node, or delivers the policy to the measurement node through the controller.
  • the target ALTO server obtains the measurement results, including: obtaining from the collector or first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain after the first measurement node performs one or more first measurement tasks. the result of. answer
  • the single-domain ALTO server obtains the measurement results directly from the measurement node, or obtains the measurement results through the collector.
  • the target ALTO server is a cross-domain ALTO server, and the corresponding multiple network domains include the first network domain and the second network domain.
  • the multiple network domains correspond to multiple single-domain ALTO servers one-to-one.
  • the above information measurement strategy also includes a measurement strategy of the second network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain is used to instruct the second measurement node to perform one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain includes the one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the priority of a second measurement task; the target ALTO server sends an information measurement strategy, including: sending the measurement strategy of the first network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain, and sending the measurement strategy to the ALTO server corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the controller sends the measurement strategy of the second network domain; the target ALTO server obtains the measurement results, including: obtaining the measurement results of the first measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain, and obtaining the second network The results measured by the second measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the domain.
  • the second measurement node is a measurement node in the second network domain.
  • the target ALTO server sends the information measurement policy through the cross-domain controller, and/or the target ALTO server obtains the measurement results through the collector.
  • the target ALTO server can trigger the generation of the above information collection strategy in various ways.
  • the target ALTO server before the target ALTO server sends the information measurement strategy, it also includes: receiving an information query request sent by the ALTO client, where the information query request is used to request information on at least one measurement indicator of the target object; based on the information query request, The information measurement strategy is generated, and the priority of the measurement task corresponding to the target object in the information measurement strategy is the first priority. That is, the above information measurement strategy can be triggered based on the information query request of the ALTO client.
  • the target ALTO server after the target ALTO server obtains the measurement result, it also includes: sending an information query response to the ALTO client, where the information query response includes the measurement result.
  • the information measurement policy can also be generated periodically based on the settings of the target ALTO server.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes one or more measurement indicators; the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node; or the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node.
  • Information about changed measurements That is to say, the measurement nodes report in full or when there are changes.
  • the information about the changed measurement indicators includes information about the measurement indicators whose change amount exceeds the tolerance threshold.
  • the measurement index corresponds to a tolerance threshold for fluctuations, it can not only reduce the number of reporting times of measurement nodes to reduce waste of communication resources, but also avoid missing information on measurement indexes that change significantly, that is, important data will not be lost.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes measurement objects, priorities corresponding to measurement indicators, cost modes, measurement methods, measurement triggering methods, measurement result reporting methods, reporting addresses, measurement execution timeouts, and tolerance thresholds for measurement indicator fluctuations. one or more of them.
  • the type of measurement object includes endpoint and/or PID. That is, the measurement policy can be used to instruct the measurement of network information between two endpoints and/or network information between two PIDs.
  • Network information includes one or more measurement indicators.
  • Each measurement indicator is reachability, one-way delay, two-way delay, delay jitter, packet loss rate, hop count, throughput rate, remaining bandwidth or total bandwidth, etc. cost information or network performance information.
  • the network information also includes network attribute information, such as endpoint and/or PID attribute information.
  • the priority corresponding to the measurement indicator is used to instruct the measurement node to measure the information of each measurement indicator in order from high to low priority.
  • Cost mode includes numerical mode or sorting mode.
  • Numeric mode is used to indicate the actual cost value of each measurement indicator to be reported.
  • the sorting mode is used to indicate the cost sorting results of reporting each measurement indicator.
  • Measurement methods include active measurement or passive measurement. Measurement methods may also include measurement protocols.
  • Measurement triggering methods include one or more of single triggering, periodic triggering and event triggering.
  • Measurement result reporting methods include reporting on request or reporting by subscription.
  • Subscription reporting methods include reporting in full or reporting on changes.
  • the timeout period of measurement execution is used to instruct the measurement node to measure the results within the timeout period.
  • timeout prompt information is fed back to the ALTO server.
  • the ALTO server does not receive the measurement results within the timeout period, it is determined that this measurement failed.
  • a measurement task can be retriggered in case of measurement failure.
  • the tolerance threshold for measurement indicator fluctuations is used to indicate reporting information on measurement indicators whose measured changes exceed the corresponding tolerance threshold.
  • an information collection method which is applied to measurement nodes.
  • the method includes:
  • the measurement node receives an information measurement strategy, which is determined by the target ALTO server.
  • the information measurement strategy includes the priority of one or more measurement tasks; based on the information measurement strategy, the one or more measurement tasks are executed to obtain measurement results. ;Report the measurement results.
  • This application provides a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority. When the priority of the measurement task is higher than the priority of other tasks in the pending tasks of the measurement node, the measurement node can prioritize the measurement task, thereby improving the efficiency of information collection.
  • the measurement node receives the information measurement policy, including: receiving the information measurement policy sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the target ALTO server is the ALTO server corresponding to the first network domain
  • the information measurement policy is directly sent to the measurement node by the target ALTO server, or is sent to the measurement node through the controller corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the measurement node delivers the information measurement strategy.
  • the target ALTO server corresponds to multiple network domains
  • the multiple network domains include the first network domain
  • the multiple network domains correspond to multiple single-domain ALTO servers in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the information measurement policy is sent by the target ALTO server to the ALTO server corresponding to the first network domain (that is, the single-domain ALTO server corresponding to the first network domain) or controller, and then sent to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain. the measurement node.
  • the information measurement policy is sent by the target ALTO server to the cross-domain controller, and then sent by the cross-domain controller to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain, and then sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain. sent to the measurement node.
  • the measurement node reports the measurement result, including: sending the measurement result to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the measurement node directly sends the measurement result to the target ALTO server, or the measurement node sends the measurement result to the controller corresponding to the first network domain, and then the controller corresponding to the first network domain sends the measurement result.
  • the measurement results are sent to the target ALTO server.
  • the measurement node sends the measurement result to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain, and then the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain sends the measurement result to the target ALTO server.
  • the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain sends the measurement result to the cross-domain controller, and the cross-domain controller then sends the measurement result to the target ALTO server.
  • the information measurement strategy includes one or more measurement indicators; the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the measurement node; or, the measurement results include the changed information measured by the measurement node. Measuring indicator information. That is to say, the measurement nodes report in full or when there are changes.
  • the information about the changed measurement indicators includes information about the measurement indicators whose change amount exceeds the tolerance threshold.
  • the measurement index corresponds to a tolerance threshold for fluctuations, it can not only reduce the number of reporting times of measurement nodes to reduce waste of communication resources, but also avoid missing information on measurement indexes that change significantly, that is, important data will not be lost.
  • the measurement node executes the one or more measurement tasks based on the information measurement strategy, including: determining the execution order of the measurement tasks based on the priority of the one or more measurement tasks; executing the one or more measurement tasks according to the order of execution of the measurement tasks. Multiple measurement tasks.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes priorities corresponding to one or more measurement indicators; the measurement node executes the one or more measurement tasks in accordance with the order of execution of the measurement tasks, including: based on the one or more measurement indicators The corresponding priority determines the execution order of the measurement indicators; for any measurement task among the one or more measurement tasks, the information of each measurement indicator in any measurement task is measured according to the execution order of the measurement indicators.
  • an information collection device has the function of realizing the behavior of the information collection method in the first aspect.
  • the information collection device includes one or more modules, and the one or more modules are used to implement the information collection method provided in the first aspect.
  • an information collection device is provided and applied to the target ALTO server.
  • the device includes:
  • the first sending module is configured to send an information measurement strategy.
  • the information measurement strategy includes a measurement strategy of the first network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the first network domain is used to instruct the first measurement node to perform one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy of a network domain includes the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks;
  • the acquisition module is configured to acquire measurement results, where the measurement results include results obtained after the first measurement node performs the one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the first sending module includes:
  • the first sending sub-module is used to send the measurement policy of the first network domain to the controller corresponding to the first network domain or the first measurement node.
  • the acquisition module includes:
  • the first acquisition sub-module is used to acquire the results obtained by the first measurement node after the first measurement node performs the one or more first measurement tasks from the collector or the first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes a measurement strategy of the second network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain is used to instruct the second measurement node to perform one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain includes: The priority of the one or more second measurement tasks;
  • the first sending module includes:
  • the second sending submodule is used to send the measurement strategy of the first network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain, and to send the measurement strategy of the second network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • Obtain modules include:
  • the second acquisition sub-module is used to acquire the measurement results of the first measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain, and obtain the second measurement results collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain. The result measured by the measurement node.
  • the device also includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an information query request sent by the ALTO client, where the information query request is used to request information on at least one measurement indicator of the target object;
  • the generation module is configured to generate the information measurement strategy based on the information query request.
  • the priority of the measurement task corresponding to the target object in the information measurement strategy is the first priority.
  • the device also includes:
  • the second sending module is used to send an information query response to the ALTO client, where the information query response includes the measurement result.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes one or more measurement indicators
  • the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node; or,
  • the measurement result includes information on the changed measurement index measured by the first measurement node.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes measurement objects, priorities corresponding to measurement indicators, cost modes, measurement methods, measurement triggering methods, measurement result reporting methods, reporting addresses, measurement execution timeouts, and tolerance thresholds for measurement indicator fluctuations. one or more of;
  • the type of measurement object includes endpoint and/or PID
  • the cost mode includes numerical mode or sorting mode.
  • the numerical mode is used to indicate the actual cost value of each measurement indicator to be reported, and the sorting mode is used to indicate the cost sorting result of each measurement indicator to be reported;
  • Measurement methods include active measurement or passive measurement.
  • an information collection device has the function of realizing the behavior of the information collection method in the above second aspect.
  • the information collection device includes one or more modules, and the one or more modules are used to implement the information collection method provided in the second aspect.
  • an information collection device is provided, applied to measurement nodes, and the device includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an information measurement strategy, which is determined by the target ALTO server.
  • the information measurement strategy includes the priority of one or more measurement tasks;
  • An execution module used to execute the one or more measurement tasks based on the information measurement strategy to obtain measurement results
  • the reporting module is used to report the measurement results.
  • the receiving module includes:
  • the receiving submodule is used to receive the information measurement policy sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the reporting module includes:
  • the sending submodule is used to send the measurement result to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement strategy includes one or more measurement indicators
  • the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the measurement node; or,
  • the measurement result includes information on the changed measurement index measured by the measurement node.
  • the execution module includes:
  • the execution submodule is used to execute the one or more measurement tasks according to the measurement task execution sequence.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes priorities corresponding to one or more measurement indicators
  • the execution submodule is specifically used for:
  • the information of each measurement indicator in any measurement task is measured according to the execution order of the measurement indicators.
  • an information collection system which includes a target ALTO server and a measurement node.
  • the target ALTO server is used to implement the information collection method provided in the first aspect
  • the measurement node is used to implement the information collection method provided in the second aspect.
  • a sixth aspect provides a communication device.
  • the communication device includes a processor and a memory.
  • the memory is used to store a program for executing the information collection method provided in the above first aspect, and to store a program for implementing the above first aspect. Data covered by the information collection methods provided.
  • the memory is used to store a program for executing the information collection method provided in the second aspect, and to store data involved in implementing the information collection method provided in the second aspect.
  • the processor is configured to execute a program stored in the memory.
  • the communication device may further include a communication bus used to establish a connection between the processor and the memory.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is provided. Instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium. When run on a computer, the computer is caused to perform the information collection described in the first aspect or the second aspect. method.
  • An eighth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the information collection method described in the first aspect or the second aspect.
  • This application provides a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority. When the priority of the measurement task is higher than the priority of other tasks in the pending tasks of the measurement node, the measurement node can prioritize the measurement task, thereby improving the efficiency of information collection.
  • Figure 1 is an architecture diagram of an information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 4 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 8 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 13 is a flow chart of an information collection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 14 is a flow chart of an information reporting method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 15 is a flow chart of another information reporting method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 16 is a flow chart of another information collection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an information collection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another information collection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • ALTO Application Layer Traffic Optimization
  • an endpoint In the ALTO protocol, an endpoint is equivalent to an application or host that can communicate (send and/or receive messages) on the network.
  • An endpoint is usually a resource provider or resource consumer.
  • Network configuration (NETCONF) protocol The network configuration protocol defined by RFC6241.
  • RESTCONF Representational state transfer configuration
  • HTTP Representational state transfer configuration
  • YANG next generation Add, delete, modify, and query data to access the data sets defined in RFC6241 and RFC8342.
  • the NETCONF protocol and the RESTCONF protocol generally have a client/server (C/S) architecture.
  • the network element device generally serves as the server (server), and the network management system (NMS) or controller serves as the client. (client).
  • NMS network management system
  • the ALTO protocol was originally designed for use in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks (ie, peer-to-peer networks) or content delivery networks (content delivery networks, CDN), when applications need to select the appropriate node from one or more candidate nodes. nodes to obtain the required resources.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • CDN content delivery networks
  • the design goal of the ALTO protocol is to allow applications to perceive the network, reduce the occupation of network resources, avoid congestion points in the network, and guide applications to make more reasonable selections of candidate nodes to improve application performance.
  • the essence of the ALTO protocol is to present network information and guide business flow.
  • applications can request information about network topology, network traffic, etc. from the Internet service provider (Internet service provider, ISP) or content provider (content provider, CP) through the ALTO protocol.
  • the application layer traffic optimization client (ALTO client) and resource provider can perform non-random node resource selection based on this information, thereby reducing resource overhead and unnecessary cross-domain traffic, while improving or maintaining the high performance of the application. Make more efficient and fair use of network resources.
  • the ALTO protocol is based on the C/S architecture.
  • the ALTO client interacts and communicates with the ALTO server through the ALTO protocol to obtain the information services provided by the ALTO server.
  • ALTO protocol The design is based on hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) implementation, uses REST-ful style interface, and uses lightweight JSON to encode ALTO requests and responses.
  • HTTP hypertext transfer protocol
  • PID is introduced in the ALTO protocol as a network location identifier defined by the ALTO service provider to provide an indirect, network-independent way to specify the aggregation of endpoints in the network.
  • PID is a set of multiple endpoints. The set can be a subnet, a group of subnets, a metropolitan area network, a network service provider or central office (point of presence, POP), an autonomous system (also known as (an autonomous domain) or a group of autonomous systems.
  • PID represents an abstract network node. For example, a PID can represent all host addresses in the 192.168.100.0/24 subnet, or it can represent other abstractions, such as multiple subnets or even an autonomous management domain.
  • the ownership relationship between endpoints and PIDs is called a network map.
  • the application layer traffic optimization server expresses the priority value of network resources by the cost between PIDs.
  • the set of costs between all PIDs is called a cost map.
  • PID granularity The degree of aggregation of PIDs on endpoints, that is, the range of endpoints divided into one PID, is called PID granularity.
  • PID granularity the higher the navigation accuracy of the ALTO service.
  • the larger the network the higher the level of abstraction of PID is likely to be.
  • the abstracted set of endpoints can be similarly treated based on topology, type, or other properties.
  • the benefit of aggregation and abstraction is that it can reduce the scale of management, allowing cost maps to be represented and updated faster than the network aggregation itself.
  • the ALTO protocol adopts a modular design and divides ALTO information release into multiple ALTO services.
  • the information services provided by ALTO include the following four types:
  • Map services can be divided into network maps and cost maps (ie, overhead maps).
  • the network map is used to provide network location groups (that is, PIDs) defined by the ALTO server and the endpoint information contained in each group.
  • the cost map provides the cost between defined groups (that is, PID).
  • the cost map has two attributes: cost metric (ie, the measurement indicator in the embodiment of this application) and cost mode.
  • cost metric ie, the measurement indicator in the embodiment of this application
  • cost mode RFC7285 defines cost indicators including routing cost and hop count.
  • the cost indicators have been refined to include one-way delay (one-way delay, abbreviated as delay-ow), two-way delay (round-trip delay, abbreviated as delay-rt), and delay jitter (delay-variation). , packet loss rate (loss rate), hop count (hop count), throughput (tput tcp), remaining bandwidth (bw-residual) and available bandwidth (bw-available).
  • Cost modes include numerical mode and sorting mode.
  • the numerical mode is used to indicate the reporting of the actual cost value of each measurement indicator
  • the sorting mode is used to indicate the reporting of the cost ranking results of each measurement indicator. That is, the cost model is used to interpret whether the value of the cost information returned by the ALTO server to the ALTO client is the actual cost value or the cost ranking value.
  • Map-based filtering service maps to maps
  • the query filtering service for map services is suitable for ALTO clients with limited resources. That is, the ALTO client can specify the target object to be queried and what cost information of the target object. Compared with the method in which the ALTO client directly queries the map service in full and then filters it locally, the filtering service is conducive to saving network bandwidth and the computing power of the ALTO client.
  • the network location is an attribute of the endpoint (that is, the PID to which this endpoint belongs).
  • Another example attribute is the connection type of the endpoint, such as asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), cable or fiber to the home (FTTH), etc.
  • ADSL digital subscriber line
  • FTTH fiber to the home
  • the endpoint cost service allows the ALTO server to return cost information between two endpoints to the ALTO client. Some ALTO clients can benefit from queried endpoint-based costs and rankings.
  • ALTO servers can aggregate network information from multiple systems to provide an abstract and unified view of the network.
  • the ALTO protocol defines the network services that the ALTO server can provide and the communication method between the ALTO client and the ALTO server, it does not provide specific provisions and instructions on how the ALTO server collects network information.
  • the ALTO server needs to provide a variety of cost metric network performance indicator data, which requires network measurement.
  • existing active or passive measurement methods such as network performance measurement tools or protocols mostly focus on the measurement itself and lack unified policy management; or are not based on end-to-end network measurement. Based on this, the embodiments of this application essentially provide a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes to perform end-to-end measurement tasks according to the policy.
  • the information collection system may be a system in a single-domain scenario or a system in a cross-domain scenario.
  • the single-domain scenario means that the target ALTO server in the information collection system corresponds to a network domain, and the target ALTO server is used to collect the results obtained by measuring network information from the measurement nodes in the network domain.
  • the target ALTO server in a single-domain scenario can also be called a single-domain ALTO server or a single-domain server or simply an ALTO server.
  • the cross-domain scenario refers to that the target ALTO server in the information collection system corresponds to multiple network domains, and the target ALTO server is used to collect the results obtained by measuring network information from measurement nodes in the multiple network domains.
  • the target ALTO server in a cross-domain scenario can also be called a cross-domain ALTO server or a cross-domain server.
  • the ALTO servers corresponding to each autonomous domain in a cross-domain scenario are called single-domain ALTO servers or single-domain servers.
  • the network domain in this article may be an autonomous domain, a collection of multiple autonomous domains, a metropolitan area, a collection of multiple metropolitan areas, a subnet or a collection of multiple subnets, etc. This is not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • FIG 1 is an architectural diagram of an information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system includes an ALTO server (ie, target ALTO server) and at least one measurement node. Two of the measurement nodes are shown in Figure 1. Communication between the ALTO server and measurement nodes can be direct or indirect.
  • the ALTO server is the ALTO server corresponding to a network domain.
  • the measurement node is an endpoint or a network element device in the network domain.
  • the ALTO server is used to send information measurement strategies to each measurement node.
  • Each measurement node is used to receive the information measurement strategy and perform measurement tasks according to the information measurement strategy to obtain measurement results.
  • Each measurement node is also used to send its respective measurement results to the ALTO server.
  • the ALTO server is also used to receive measurement results sent by each measurement node.
  • Figure 2 is an architectural diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system shown in Figure 2 also includes a controller.
  • the ALTO server and the controller can communicate directly or indirectly, and the controller and each measurement node can communicate directly or indirectly.
  • the ALTO server is used to send the information measurement strategy to the controller, and the controller is used to send the information measurement strategy to each measurement node.
  • Each measurement node is used to receive the information measurement strategy sent by the controller, and perform measurement tasks according to the information measurement strategy to obtain measurement results.
  • Each measurement node is also used to send its respective measurement results to the ALTO server.
  • the ALTO server is also used to receive measurement results sent by each measurement node.
  • FIG 3 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system shown in Figure 3 also includes a collector.
  • the ALTO server and the measurement nodes can communicate directly or indirectly, and each measurement node and the collector can communicate directly or indirectly.
  • the ALTO server is used to send information measurement strategies to measurement nodes.
  • Each measurement node is used to receive the information measurement strategy, perform measurement tasks according to the information measurement strategy to obtain measurement results, and send the measurement results to the collector.
  • the collector is used to send the measurements obtained by each measurement node to the ALTO server. Measure results.
  • the target ALTO server is also used to obtain this measurement result from the collector.
  • FIG 4 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system shown in Figure 4 includes an ALTO server, a controller, a collector and at least one measurement node.
  • the information collection system shown in Figure 4 is an information collection system obtained by combining Figures 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 5 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 5 is a specific embodiment of the information collection system shown in Figure 4.
  • the ALTO server is applied to the ISP network, and the ISP network includes multiple endpoints that are aggregated into PID1, PID2, PID3, and PID4.
  • Devices with measurement agents deployed in the information collection system can serve as measurement nodes.
  • each endpoint can deploy a measurement agent to serve as a measurement node
  • each network element device such as a router, switch, etc.
  • a measurement agent is deployed on an endpoint in PID1 (IP address 192.0.2.2), and a measurement agent is deployed on a provider edge (PE) device.
  • the endpoint can also act as an ALTO client.
  • the target ALTO server can directly deliver the information measurement strategy to the measurement node, or can also deliver the information measurement strategy to the measurement node through the controller.
  • the target ALTO server can collect measurement results directly from the measurement node or through a collector.
  • FIG. 6 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system includes a cross-domain server (i.e., a target ALTO server, hereinafter referred to as a cross-domain server), and multiple single-domain ALTO servers (i.e., ALTO servers, hereinafter referred to as a cross-domain server) corresponding to multiple network domains. for a single domain server) and measurement nodes in each network domain.
  • the measurement node is an endpoint or a network element device in the multiple network domains.
  • the cross-domain server establishes a communication connection with the multiple single-domain servers, and each single-domain server establishes a communication connection with the measurement node in the corresponding network domain.
  • the cross-domain server is used to send corresponding measurement policies to the multiple single-domain servers respectively.
  • Each single-domain server is used to send corresponding measurement strategies to measurement nodes in the corresponding network domain.
  • the measurement nodes in each network domain are used to receive corresponding measurement strategies, perform measurement tasks according to the received measurement strategies to obtain measurement results, and send measurement results to the corresponding single-domain server.
  • Each single-domain server is also used to receive measurement results obtained by measurement nodes in each network domain.
  • Cross-domain servers are also used to obtain measurements collected by individual single-domain servers.
  • FIG 7 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • each network domain also includes a controller and/or collector.
  • the functions of the controllers in each network domain are consistent with the functions of the controllers in the single-domain scenario introduced above.
  • the functions of the collectors in each network domain are consistent with the functions of the collectors in the single-domain scenario introduced above. I won’t go into details here.
  • the controllers within each network domain can be called single-domain controllers.
  • the collectors in each network domain can be called single-domain collectors. That is to say, in cross-domain scenarios, controllers and/or collectors can also be selectively deployed in each network domain.
  • the cross-domain server is used to directly send corresponding measurement policies to each single-domain server.
  • the cross-domain server is used to send corresponding measurement policies to each single-domain controller (not shown in Figure 7).
  • Figure 8 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the cross-domain server corresponds to a cross-domain controller.
  • a communication connection is established between the cross-domain server and the cross-domain controller.
  • a communication connection is established between the cross-domain controller and each single-domain server.
  • the cross-domain server is used to deliver corresponding measurement policies to each single-domain server through the cross-domain controller.
  • each network domain also includes a single-domain controller, and a communication connection is established between the cross-domain controller and each single-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain server is used to send messages to each cross-domain controller through the cross-domain controller.
  • the single domain controller delivers the corresponding measurement policy.
  • each single-domain controller include the functions of the controller in the single-domain scenario introduced above.
  • each network domain also includes a single-domain collector.
  • the functions of each single-domain collector include the functions of the collectors in the single-domain scenario introduced above.
  • the cross-domain server is used to obtain the measurement results obtained by the measurement nodes in the corresponding autonomous domain from each single-domain collector.
  • Figure 9 is an architecture diagram of another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the cross-domain server also corresponds to a cross-domain collector.
  • a communication connection is established between the cross-domain server and the cross-domain controller.
  • a communication connection is established between the cross-domain server and the cross-domain collector.
  • Communication connections are established between the cross-domain collector and each single-domain server.
  • the cross-domain server is used to collect the measurement results obtained by each single-domain server through the cross-domain collector.
  • a communication connection is established between the cross-domain collector and each single-domain collector.
  • the cross-domain server is used to collect the measurement results obtained by each single-domain collector through the cross-domain collector.
  • Figure 10 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the cross-domain server also corresponds to a cross-domain controller and a cross-domain collector.
  • the cross-domain server is used to deliver corresponding measurement policies to each single-domain server or single-domain controller through the cross-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain server is used to collect the measurement results obtained by each single-domain server or single-domain collector through the cross-domain collector.
  • Figure 11 is an architecture diagram of yet another information collection system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 11 is a specific embodiment of the information collection system shown in Figure 10.
  • the network includes four autonomous domains, namely autonomous domain A, autonomous domain B, autonomous domain C and autonomous domain D.
  • An autonomous domain is a PID, and the four PIDs are PID1, PID2, PID3 and PID4 respectively.
  • Measurement agents are deployed on endpoints in each autonomous domain, and measurement agents can also be deployed on network element devices in each autonomous domain.
  • the network edge (NE) device in the autonomous domain serves as a network element device and can deploy measurement agents. Devices with measurement agents deployed can serve as measurement nodes.
  • NE network edge
  • the cross-domain ALTO server can directly send the corresponding measurement strategy to each single-domain ALTO server or single-domain controller, or it can also send it to each single-domain ALTO server or single-domain controller through the cross-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain ALTO server can directly collect measurement results from each single-domain ALTO server or single-domain collector, or it can collect measurement results from each single-domain ALTO server or single-domain collector through a cross-domain collector. That is to say, cross-domain controllers and/or cross-domain collectors can also be selectively deployed in information collection systems in cross-domain scenarios.
  • the cross-domain ALTO server can also directly deliver corresponding measurement strategies to measurement nodes in multiple network domains, and the cross-domain server can also directly deliver the corresponding measurement strategies from multiple network domains. Measurement nodes in the domain obtain measurement results.
  • the controllers in some of the above information collection systems are called measurement controllers.
  • the information collection system shown in Figures 1 to 11 also includes a network controller, a communication connection is established between the network controller and the target ALTO server, and the network controller is used to send network topology information to the target ALTO server.
  • the target ALTO server can also be used to obtain endpoint information from other interfaces.
  • the target ALTO server is also used to use network topology information and/or endpoint information as reference information in the process of determining the information measurement strategy.
  • the measurement controller and the network controller may be one device or two independent devices, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection system shown in Figures 1 to 11 also includes an ALTO client (not shown in some figures).
  • a communication connection is established between the ALTO client and the ALTO server.
  • the ALTO client is used to send information query requests to the target ALTO server, and the target ALTO server is used to send information query responses to the ALTO client.
  • the ALTO client can be deployed on the endpoint in the network domain, that is, the ALTO client and the endpoint are deployed together to facilitate the endpoint operation.
  • Query network information for ALTO clients and use network information to guide traffic forwarding.
  • the ALTO client can also be deployed on any other device, which is not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the network element devices introduced in the above-mentioned Figures 1 to 11 can be physical devices connected to the network such as routers, switches, computing servers, wireless access devices, etc.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device is an ALTO server or measurement node, and the communication device includes one or more processors 1201, a communication bus 1202, a memory 1203, and one or more communication interfaces 1204.
  • the processor 1201 is a general central processing unit (CPU), a network processing unit (NP), a microprocessor, or one or more integrated circuits used to implement the solution of the present application, for example, a dedicated Integrated circuit (application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC), programmable logic device (programmable logic device, PLD) or a combination thereof.
  • a dedicated Integrated circuit application-specific integrated circuit, ASIC
  • programmable logic device programmable logic device
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • the above-mentioned PLD is a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a general array logic (GAL) or any of them combination.
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • GAL general array logic
  • Communication bus 1202 is used to transfer information between the above-mentioned components.
  • the communication bus 1202 is divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc.
  • address bus a data bus
  • control bus a control bus
  • only one thick line is used in the figure, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the memory 1203 is a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), a random access memory (random access memory, RAM), or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM). , optical disc (including compact disc read-only memory, CD-ROM), compressed optical disc, laser disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used for portable Or any other medium that stores the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, without limitation.
  • the memory 1203 exists independently and is connected to the processor 1201 through the communication bus 1202, or the memory 1203 and the processor 1201 are integrated together.
  • the Communication interface 1204 uses any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks.
  • the communication interface 1204 includes a wired communication interface and, optionally, a wireless communication interface.
  • the wired communication interface is such as an Ethernet interface.
  • the Ethernet interface is an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof.
  • the wireless communication interface is a wireless local area network (WLAN) interface, a cellular network communication interface or a combination thereof.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the communication device includes multiple processors, such as processor 1201 and processor 1205 as shown in FIG. 12 .
  • processors are a single-core processor, or a multi-core processor.
  • a processor here refers to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).
  • the communication device also includes an output device 1206 and an input device 1207.
  • the output device 1206 communicates with the processor 1201 and can display information in a variety of ways.
  • the output device 1206 is a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emigrating diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, a projector, or the like.
  • Input devices 1207 and processing The server 1201 communicates and can receive user input in a variety of ways.
  • the input device 1207 is a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, a sensing device, or the like.
  • the memory 1203 is used to store the program code 1210 for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 1201 can execute the program code 1210 stored in the memory 1203.
  • the program code includes one or more software modules, and the communication device can implement the information collection method provided in the embodiment of FIG. 13 below through the processor 1201 and the program code 1210 in the memory 1203.
  • Figure 13 is a flow chart of an information collection method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to an information collection system.
  • the information collection system includes a target ALTO server and a measurement node. Please refer to Figure 13.
  • the method includes the following steps.
  • Step 1301 The target ALTO server sends an information measurement strategy.
  • the information measurement strategy includes a measurement strategy of the first network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the first network domain is used to instruct the first measurement node to perform one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the first The measurement policy of the network domain includes the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to single-domain scenarios or cross-domain scenarios.
  • the target ALTO server is a single-domain server corresponding to the first network domain, and the target ALTO server sends the measurement policy of the first network domain to the controller or the first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement policy is used to instruct at least one measurement node in the first network domain to perform a corresponding measurement task.
  • the first measurement node is one of the at least one measurement node.
  • the measurement tasks required to be performed by each measurement node may be different, for example, the measurement objects and/or measurement indicators in the measurement tasks may be different.
  • the target ALTO server is a cross-domain server
  • the corresponding multiple network domains include the first network domain and the second network domain, and of course may also include the third network domain, the fourth network domain, etc.
  • the multiple network domains including the first network domain and the second network domain will be introduced as an example.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes a measurement strategy of the second network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain is used to instruct the second measurement node to perform one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy includes priorities of the one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the target ALTO server sends the measurement policy of the first network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain, and sends the measurement policy of the second network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain sends the measurement policy of the first network domain to the first measurement node.
  • the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain sends the measurement policy of the second network domain to the second measurement node.
  • the measurement policy of the first network domain is used to instruct at least one measurement node (including the first measurement node) in the first network domain to perform a corresponding measurement task.
  • the measurement policy of the second network domain is used to instruct at least one measurement node (including the second measurement node) in the second network domain to perform a corresponding measurement task.
  • the target ALTO server directly determines the measurement strategy of the first network domain and the measurement strategy of the second network domain, thereby issuing the measurement strategy of the first network domain and the measurement of the second network domain respectively.
  • the measurement policy of the first network domain and the measurement policy of the second network domain are both single-domain policies, and the information measurement policy generated by the cross-domain server includes multiple independent single-domain policies.
  • the information measurement policy generated by the target ALTO server is a cross-domain policy
  • the cross-domain policy is related to multiple network domains.
  • the target ALTO server sends the cross-domain policy to the cross-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain controller decomposes the cross-domain policy into multiple single-domain policies, and delivers the multiple single-domain policies to the single-domain policies corresponding to the corresponding network domains.
  • the target ALTO server decomposes the cross-domain policy into multiple single-domain policies, Deliver the multiple single-domain policies to the single-domain ALTO server or single-domain controller corresponding to the corresponding network domain.
  • the multiple single-domain policies correspond to multiple network domains one-to-one, and each single-domain policy is used to instruct measurement of network information related to the corresponding network domain.
  • the information measurement policy generated by the target ALTO server is related to the first network domain and the second network domain.
  • the target ALTO server sends the information measurement strategy to the cross-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain controller decomposes the information measurement strategy into a measurement strategy for the first network domain and a measurement strategy for the second network domain.
  • the policy is delivered to the ALTO server or single domain controller corresponding to the first network domain, and the measurement policy of the second network domain is delivered to the ALTO server or single domain controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the multiple single-domain policies correspond to multiple autonomous domains one-to-one, and each single-domain policy is used to instruct the measurement of network information related to the corresponding autonomous domain.
  • the information measurement policy generated by the target ALTO server is used to instruct the measurement of network information between endpoint 1 in autonomous domain A and endpoint 2 in autonomous domain B. Endpoint 1 and endpoint 2 pass through the network elements in autonomous domain A. Device A and network element device B in autonomous domain B are connected.
  • the cross-domain controller can decompose the information measurement strategy into the measurement strategy of autonomous domain A and the measurement strategy of autonomous domain B.
  • the measurement policy of autonomous domain A is used to indicate the network information between measurement endpoint 1 and network element device A, and the network information between network element device A and network element device B.
  • the measurement policy of autonomous domain B is used to indicate the network information between measurement endpoint 2 and network element device B, and the network information between network element device B and network element device A.
  • each measurement task corresponds to a priority.
  • the priority of the first measurement task is higher than the priority of other tasks in the pending tasks of the first measurement node, the first network domain
  • the measurement policy can instruct the first measurement node to perform the first measurement task first.
  • the measurement policy of the second network domain can instruct the second measurement node to perform the second measurement first. Task.
  • the target ALTO server can trigger the generation of the above information collection strategy in various ways.
  • the target ALTO server receives an information query request sent by the ALTO client, where the information query request is used to request information on at least one measurement indicator of the target object.
  • the target ALTO server generates the information measurement policy based on the information query request, and the priority of the measurement task corresponding to the target object in the information measurement policy is the first priority. That is, the above information measurement strategy can be triggered based on the information query request of the ALTO client.
  • the ALTO client sends an information query request to the target ALTO server to request network cost information such as one-way delay and two-way delay between endpoint 1 and endpoint 2, that is, the target object is endpoint 1 to endpoint 2.
  • network cost information such as one-way delay and two-way delay between endpoint 1 and endpoint 2
  • At least one measurement indicator of the request query includes one-way delay and two-way delay.
  • the target ALTO server Based on the information query request, the target ALTO server generates measurement tasks indicated by the information measurement policy, including the task of measuring network cost information such as one-way delay and two-way delay between endpoint 1 and endpoint 2.
  • the priority of this measurement task is level is set as first priority.
  • the priority of each task is 1, 2, ... or N, where the task with priority 1 is executed first, and the task with priority N is executed last.
  • the first priority is 1, indicating that the corresponding measurement task is executed first.
  • the priority of each task is I, II, ... or V, where the task with priority V is executed first, and the task with priority I is executed last.
  • the first priority is V, indicating that the corresponding measurement task is executed first.
  • the priority of each task is high, medium or low, wherein tasks with a high priority are executed first and tasks with a low priority are executed last.
  • the first priority is high, indicating that the corresponding measurement task is executed first. That is, the first priority is high priority, and the measurement node can perform high-priority measurement tasks first.
  • the above information measurement policy can also be generated periodically based on the settings of the target ALTO server.
  • the target ALTO server is set to generate an information measurement policy at one o'clock in the morning every day, two o'clock in the morning every Sunday, or zero o'clock on the first day of every month.
  • the above information measurement strategy can also be triggered to be generated in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the target ALTO server can determine based on these configuration data.
  • the configuration data includes one of the measurement nodes in the network, the address of the measurement node, the acceptable timeout time for measurement execution, the measurement indicators that the user expects the target ALTO server to provide, the tolerance threshold for measurement indicator fluctuations, etc. or more.
  • the target ALTO server can directly generate an information measurement strategy as described above, thereby returning the latest network information to the ALTO client through subsequent steps.
  • the target ALTO server can also query the information of at least one measurement indicator of the target object from the collected network information based on the information query request. If there is information about at least one measurement indicator of the target object, the queried information will be returned to the ALTO client without triggering the generation of information measurement strategy. In the case where all the information of at least one measurement indicator of the target object is not queried, the above information measurement strategy is generated and sent to the corresponding measurement node, so that the corresponding measurement node performs the measurement task according to the information measurement strategy to obtain the previously unavailable information. Information retrieved. Then, the target ALTO server sends all information of at least one measurement indicator of the target object to the ALTO client.
  • the priority of the measurement task indicated by the information measurement policy generated by the target ALTO server is the first priority, and the measurement node can be given priority. Execute the first priority measurement task to quickly collect network information and improve the query response rate of the ALTO client.
  • the information measurement strategy in addition to one or more measurement indicators and the priority of one or more measurement tasks, also includes measurement objects, priorities corresponding to the measurement indicators, cost models, measurement methods, One or more of the measurement triggering method, measurement result reporting method, reporting address, measurement execution timeout, and tolerance threshold for measurement indicator fluctuations.
  • the type of measurement object includes endpoint and/or PID. That is, the measurement policy can be used to instruct the measurement of network information between two endpoints and/or network information between two PIDs.
  • Network information includes one or more measurement indicators.
  • Each measurement indicator is reachability, one-way delay, two-way delay, delay jitter, packet loss rate, hop count, throughput rate, remaining bandwidth or total bandwidth, etc. cost information or network performance information.
  • the network information also includes network attribute information, such as endpoint and/or PID attribute information.
  • the priority corresponding to the measurement indicator is used to instruct the measurement node to measure the information of each measurement indicator in order from high to low priority.
  • the cost mode includes a numerical mode or a sorting mode.
  • the numerical mode is used to indicate the reporting of the actual cost value of each measurement indicator
  • the sorting mode is used to indicate the reporting of the cost sorting results of each measurement indicator.
  • Measurement methods include active measurement or passive measurement. Measurement methods may also include measurement protocols.
  • Measurement triggering methods include one or more of single triggering, periodic triggering and event triggering.
  • Measurement result reporting methods include reporting on request or reporting by subscription.
  • Subscription reporting methods include reporting in full or reporting on changes.
  • the timeout period of measurement execution is used to instruct the measurement node to measure the results within the timeout period.
  • timeout prompt information is fed back to the ALTO server.
  • the ALTO server does not receive the measurement results within the timeout period. If the result is exceeded, it is determined that this measurement failed.
  • a measurement task can be retriggered in case of measurement failure.
  • the tolerance threshold for measurement indicator fluctuations is used to indicate reporting information on measurement indicators whose measured changes exceed the corresponding tolerance threshold.
  • the information measurement strategy is delivered using the NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol.
  • the tree structure of the YANG model is as follows:
  • the target ALTO server can generate an information measurement strategy according to the tree structure of the YANG model mentioned above.
  • the target ALTO server determines the information measurement strategy based on the network topology information and/or the information of the endpoints in the network, for example, determines the measurement objects in the information measurement strategy.
  • the target ALTO server can obtain network topology information from the network controller through the NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol or other interface protocols.
  • the target ALTO server can obtain endpoint information from other management devices or network controllers through custom application interfaces or NETCONF or RESTCONF protocols.
  • the target ALTO server aggregates multiple endpoints in the network based on network topology information and/or information of endpoints in the network to obtain multiple PIDs.
  • the target ALTO server determines the information measurement policy based on the plurality of PIDs.
  • each single-domain ALTO server obtains the network topology information of the corresponding network domain from the network controller through the NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol or other interface protocols.
  • Each single-domain ALTO server obtains information about endpoints in the corresponding network domain from other management devices through a custom application interface or NETCONF or RESTCONF protocol.
  • Each single-domain server reports the obtained network topology information and/or endpoint information to the target ALTO server (i.e., cross-domain server).
  • the target ALTO server fuses network topology information and/or endpoint information of each network domain.
  • the target ALTO server determines the information measurement strategy based on the network topology information and/or endpoint information of each network domain.
  • the target ALTO server aggregates multiple endpoints in the network based on the obtained network topology information and/or endpoint information to obtain multiple PIDs.
  • the target ALTO server determines the information measurement policy based on the plurality of PIDs.
  • each single-domain ALTO server aggregates multiple endpoints in the corresponding network domain based on the obtained network topology information and/or endpoint information to obtain multiple PIDs.
  • Each single-domain ALTO server reports the multiple PID information obtained by each to the target ALTO server, and the target ALTO server determines the information measurement strategy based on the multiple PIDs obtained by each single-domain ALTO server.
  • the target ALTO server first re-aggregates the endpoints in the network based on the multiple PIDs obtained by each single-domain ALTO server, that is, reclassifies the PIDs.
  • the target ALTO server determines the information measurement policy based on the repartitioned PID.
  • a single-domain ALTO server divides the endpoints in a subnet into a PID
  • the target ALTO server can divide the endpoints in an autonomous domain into a PID.
  • An autonomous domain includes multiple subnets. That is to say, the cross-domain ALTO server achieves a higher level of aggregation and abstraction across domains.
  • the cross-domain ALTO server can also reclassify PIDs according to other aggregation rules, which is not limited in the embodiments of this application.
  • the ALTO protocol is used for information transfer between the single-domain server and the cross-domain server.
  • each single-domain server sends the multiple PID information it obtains to the cross-domain server in the form of a network map defined in the ALTO protocol.
  • Other protocols can also be used for information transfer between single-domain servers and cross-domain servers.
  • the cross-domain server can obtain network topology information or network maps from the single-domain server, or from the cross-domain controller.
  • the cross-domain server can also obtain endpoint information from other cross-domain interfaces.
  • Step 1302 The first measurement node receives the measurement policy of the first network domain.
  • the first measurement node receives the measurement policy of the first network domain sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes a measurement strategy of the second network domain. The second measurement node in the second network domain receives the measurement strategy of the second network domain sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • each measurement node among the multiple measurement nodes receives the measurement strategy sent by the target ALTO server or controller, and each measurement node The measurement strategies received can be different and the measurement tasks performed can be different.
  • each first measurement node in the multiple first measurement nodes receives the ALTO server corresponding to the first network domain or The measurement strategy sent by the controller, the measurement strategy received by each first measurement node may be different, and the measurement tasks performed may be different.
  • the measurement policy of the second network domain instructs multiple second measurement nodes to perform measurement tasks
  • each of the multiple second measurement nodes receives the message sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the measurement strategies received by each second measurement node may be different, and the measurement tasks performed may be different.
  • Step 1303 The first measurement node executes the one or more first measurement tasks based on the measurement policy of the first network domain to obtain measurement results.
  • the first measurement node determines the execution order of the measurement tasks based on the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks, and executes the one or more first measurement tasks according to the order of execution of the measurement tasks.
  • the first measurement node determines the order of the priorities of the one or more first measurement tasks from high to low as the measurement task execution order, The one or more first measurement tasks are executed according to the measurement task execution sequence.
  • the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks is the first priority
  • the measurement indicators in the plurality of first measurement tasks do not have priority or have the same priority
  • the first measurement node is in accordance with
  • the one or more first measurement tasks are executed in any order, that is, the execution order of the measurement tasks is in any order.
  • the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks is the first priority
  • the measurement indicators in the multiple first measurement tasks have priorities and the priorities are different
  • the information measurement strategy also includes The priority corresponding to one or more measurement indicators
  • the first measurement node determines the execution order of the measurement indicators based on the priority corresponding to the one or more measurement indicators. For any measurement in the one or more measurement tasks Task, according to the order of execution of measurement indicators, measure the information of each measurement indicator in any measurement task.
  • the one or more first measurement tasks have different priorities, and the measurement indicators in the multiple first measurement tasks have priorities and the priorities are different, then the first measurement node is based on the one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the priority of each first measurement task determines the execution order of the measurement tasks, and the one or more first measurement tasks are executed according to the execution order of the measurement tasks.
  • the execution order of the measurement indicators is determined, and according to the execution order of the measurement indicators, each measurement task in any measurement task is measured. Measuring indicator information. That is, the measurement node first determines the execution order of measurement tasks according to the priority of the measurement tasks, and then determines the measurement order of each measurement indicator in each task according to the priority of the measurement indicators.
  • the measurement task if the priority of a certain measurement task is higher than the priority of some other task being executed by the measurement node, the measurement task will preempt the resources of the measurement node, that is, the measurement node will suspend the execution of other tasks. , and start executing the measurement task.
  • the priority of the measurement task in the measurement policy generated by the client request is the first priority, and the first priority is the highest priority. The highest priority task will preempt other tasks being executed.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes one or more measurement indicators. Based on this, the above-mentioned measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node, or the above-mentioned measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node. Information about the changed measurement indicators. That is to say, the measurement nodes report in full or when there are changes.
  • the information about the changed measurement indicators includes information about the measurement indicators whose change amount exceeds the tolerance threshold. To put it simply, if the fluctuation range of a certain measurement indicator compared with the reference value is small, it will not be reported, and if the fluctuation range is large, it will be reported.
  • the reference value may be the actual value of the measurement index obtained in the last measurement, the average value of the measurement index measured in history, or a preset experience value, etc.
  • a certain measurement index is throughput
  • the tolerance threshold for throughput fluctuation is 1000 bits per second (bps)
  • the absolute value of the difference between the measured throughput and the reference value exceeds 1000 bps.
  • the first measurement node reports throughput rate information.
  • the absolute value of the difference between the measured throughput rate and the reference value does not exceed 1000 bps, the first measurement node does not report throughput rate information.
  • the measurement index corresponds to a fluctuation tolerance threshold, it can not only reduce the number of reporting times of the measurement nodes to reduce the waste of communication resources, but also avoid missing the information of the measurement index that changes greatly, that is, not missing important information. data.
  • the measurement results reported by the measurement node include the actual cost value or cost ranking value of the measurement indicator.
  • the first measurement node can measure the information in one of the PIDs.
  • the information of the measurement indicator between multiple endpoints and one or more endpoints in another PID shall be the average, median, maximum or minimum value of the measured actual cost values of the measurement indicator as these two Information about this measurement indicator between PIDs.
  • Step 1304 The first measurement node reports the measurement result.
  • the first measurement node sends the measurement result to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the first measurement node receives an information collection request and sends an information collection response based on the information collection request, where the information collection response includes the measurement results.
  • the first measurement node receives the information collection request sent by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the first measurement node sends an information collection response to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • Figure 14 is a flow chart of an information reporting method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the ALTO server directly requests the measurement results from the measurement node, or requests the measurement results from the measurement node through the collector.
  • the measurement node returns measurement results to the ALTO server or collector.
  • the ALTO server needs to obtain the measurement results by sending a request and receiving a response every time.
  • the second measurement node sends the measurement results of the second measurement node to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the second measurement node receives the information collection request, and sends an information collection response based on the information collection request, where the information collection response includes the measurement result of the second measurement node.
  • the second measurement node receives the information collection request sent by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the second measurement node sends an information collection response to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the target ALTO server subscribes to information about the first network domain
  • the first measurement node sends an information release notification
  • the information release notification includes the measurement result of the first measurement node.
  • the first measurement node sends an information release notification to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the second measurement node sends an information release notification to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the information release notification includes the measurement results of the second measurement node.
  • Figure 15 is a flow chart of another information reporting method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the ALTO server directly requests the measurement node to subscribe to the measurement results in the measurement strategy, or requests the measurement node to subscribe to the measurement results through the collector. After obtaining the measurement results, the measurement node publishes the measurement results to the ALTO server or collector. After the first subscription, the ALTO server only needs to receive the measurement results without subscribing again. Among them, the measurement strategy can specify periodic full reporting or reporting when changes occur.
  • Step 1305 The target ALTO server obtains the measurement result.
  • the target ALTO server obtains the results obtained by the first measurement node after performing one or more first measurement tasks from the collector or first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the target ALTO server obtains the measurement results of the first measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain, and obtains the measurement results of the first measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain. The results measured by the second measuring node.
  • the target ALTO server collects measurement results through request/response method, or collects measurement results through subscription method.
  • a cross-domain scenario after measuring the results of the first measurement node and the second measurement node of the target ALTO server, integrate the measurement results of the first measurement node and the second measurement node to obtain cross-domain network information. , such as network information between two endpoints across domains, and/or network information between two PIDs across domains.
  • the ALTO client can send an information query request to the target ALTO server, thereby triggering the execution of the above steps 1301 to 1305. Then, after obtaining the measurement results, the target ALTO server sends an information query response to the ALTO client.
  • the query response includes the above measurements.
  • the target ALTO server when it receives an information query request sent by an ALTO client but does not collect information on some or all of the measurement indicators of the target object requested by the information query request, it sends One or more third measurement nodes issue a single measurement task (can be issued directly or through the controller) to instruct the one or more third measurement nodes to prioritize executing the single measurement task to obtain the above-mentioned unqueried results. information on some or all of the measurement indicators.
  • the one or more third measurement nodes are related to the above-mentioned target object.
  • the target ALTO server obtains information on all measurement indicators measured by the one or more third measurement nodes (can be obtained directly from the third measurement node or through a collector), and sends an information query response to the ALTO client.
  • the information The query response includes information on all measurement indicators of the above target object.
  • the measurement results obtained by the ALTO server include the actual cost values of each measurement indicator, and the measurement results returned by the ALTO server to the ALTO client include the actual cost values or cost ranking values of each measurement indicator.
  • the measurement results obtained by the ALTO server include the cost ranking values of each measurement indicator, and the measurement results returned by the ALTO server to the ALTO client include the cost ranking values of each measurement indicator.
  • Figure 16 is a flow chart of another information collection method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a single domain scenario is taken as an example for introduction.
  • the information collection method includes the following steps:
  • the ALTO server obtains network topology information from the network controller and endpoint information from other interfaces.
  • the ALTO server Based on the obtained network topology information and endpoint information, the ALTO server aggregates multiple endpoints in the network to divide PIDs.
  • the ALTO server determines and issues the end-to-end information measurement strategy based on the endpoint information and/or PID information. Among them, end-to-end includes one endpoint to another endpoint, and/or, one PID to another PID.
  • the ALTO server can directly deliver information measurement strategies, or it can deliver information measurement strategies through a controller (such as a network controller).
  • the measurement node performs the measurement task according to the received information measurement strategy to obtain the measurement results of the network information.
  • the ALTO server obtains the measurement results in step 1604. Among them, the ALTO server can obtain measurement results directly from the measurement node or through a collector.
  • the ALTO client sends an information query request to the ALTO server to request a cost map or endpoint cost query.
  • the ALTO server queries the local information base for the information requested by the ALTO client. If the local query is successful, the ALTO server sends a service query response (ie, information query response) to the ALTO client, and the response includes the queried information. If the local query fails, the ALTO server issues an end-to-end measurement strategy to the measurement node, and sets the measurement task corresponding to the ALTO client's request as a high priority, so that the corresponding measurement node performs the measurement task first.
  • a service query response ie, information query response
  • the ALTO server obtains the measurement results in step 1607. Among them, the ALTO server can obtain measurement results directly from the measurement node or through a collector.
  • the ALTO server sends a service query response to the ALTO client.
  • the response includes the information queried in the local information database and the measurement results obtained in step 1608.
  • the information collection method shown in Figure 16 is refined to include the following steps.
  • the ALTO server first obtains network topology information from the network controller and obtains endpoint information from other interfaces.
  • the ALTO server aggregates multiple endpoints in the system shown in Figure 5 to divide PIDs. As shown in Figure 5, a total of 4 PIDs are divided, namely PID1, PID2, PID3 and PID4.
  • the ALTO server determines and issues the end-to-end information measurement strategy based on the endpoint information and/or PID information. Taking RESTCONF protocol delivery as an example, the ALTO server sends the following information to the network controller:
  • the priorities of the measurement tasks are values such as 1, 2, and 3. The smaller the value, the higher the priority.
  • the measurement tasks with high priority are executed first.
  • the priorities of measurement indicators are values such as 1, 2, and 3. The smaller the value, the higher the priority. Measurement indicators with high priority are measured first.
  • the controller sends the following response to the server:
  • the controller then delivers the above information measurement strategy to the measurement nodes.
  • the delivery form can be the same as that of the ALTO server, or it can be different.
  • the controller sends the information measurement strategy to the measurement nodes related to the measurement objects in the above information measurement strategy, and subsequently the measurement nodes that receive the information measurement strategy perform corresponding measurement tasks.
  • the controller sends the information measurement strategy to all measurement nodes, and the measurement nodes that receive the information measurement strategy are based on the measurement pairs in the information measurement strategy. to determine whether corresponding measurement tasks need to be performed.
  • the measurement node performs the measurement task according to the received information measurement strategy to obtain the measurement results of the network information. It is worth noting that the measurement node will first compare the priorities of the measurement tasks and execute the task with higher priority first (measurement tasks with the same priority will be randomly selected for execution, or executed in the order of the measurement tasks in the policy, or in accordance with the measurement tasks The receiving order is executed). The measurement node determines to execute a certain measurement task first, and then compares the priorities of the measurement indicators in the measurement task. The information of the measurement indicators with high priority is measured first, and then the information of the measurement indicators with low priority is measured. After a higher priority measurement task is executed, the next lower priority measurement task is executed.
  • the priorities of the first measurement task and the second measurement task are both 1. Then, the measurement node can randomly select a measurement task to execute. After the measurement task is completed, the next measurement task can be executed. Alternatively, the measurement node executes the first measurement task first and then the second measurement task according to the order of measurement tasks in the policy. Among them, the two-way delay with priority 1 in the first measurement task is measured first, and the two-way delay with priority 2 is measured after the number of hops. The same is true for the second measurement task. Assume that some other measurement strategy includes three measurement tasks with priorities 1, 2, and 5 respectively. Then the measurement task with priority 1 will be executed first, then the measurement task with priority 2, and finally the measurement task with priority 5. measurement tasks.
  • the ALTO server obtains the measurement results of the measurement nodes through the collector. Since the measurement node specified in the information measurement policy takes the initiative to report, that is, in a subscription manner, the measurement node sends the measurement results to the collector after completing the measurement task. For example, the measurement node sends the following information to the collector:
  • the ALTO client sends an information query request to the ALTO server to request the endpoint cost.
  • the address of the endpoint is 192.0.2.2; the ALTO client wants to obtain the endpoint with the address 198.51.100.34 in PID2 and the address 203.0 in PID3 respectively. .113.45 endpoint's sorting situation regarding the round-trip delay (that is, two-way delay), so as to decide which endpoint to initiate an application service request based on the obtained information.
  • the information query request sent by the ALTO client includes the following information:
  • the ALTO server After receiving the information query request sent by the ALTO client, the ALTO server attempts to find the endpoint cost service information requested by the ALTO client in the local information database. Because in the above step 3, the information measurement policy issued by the ALTO server indicates that the cost map information (that is, the cost between PIDs) is measured, but the endpoint cost is not measured. Therefore, the ALTO server fails to query the local information base, generates an end-to-end measurement strategy based on the ALTO client's request, and sets the measurement task in the measurement strategy to the highest priority.
  • An example of the RESTCONF request message corresponding to this measurement strategy is as follows:
  • the ALTO server obtains the measurement results in step 7.
  • the measurement results sent by the measurement node to the ALTO server include the following information:
  • the ALTO server stores the measurement results received through step 8 in the local information base and returns a service query response to the ALTO client.
  • the service query response includes the following information:
  • the embodiments of this application provide a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority.
  • the measurement node can prioritize the execution of the measurement task, so that Improve information collection efficiency.
  • FIG 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an information collection device 1700 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection device 1700 can be implemented as part or all of a communication device by software, hardware, or a combination of the two.
  • the communication device can be implemented as described above. Any ALTO server in the example.
  • the device 1700 is applied to the target ALTO server. Referring to Figure 17, the device 1700 includes: a first sending module 1701 and an obtaining module 1702.
  • the first sending module 1701 is configured to send an information measurement strategy.
  • the information measurement strategy includes a measurement strategy of the first network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the first network domain is used to instruct the first measurement node to perform one or more first measurement tasks,
  • the measurement strategy of the first network domain includes the priority of the one or more first measurement tasks;
  • the acquisition module 1702 is configured to acquire measurement results, which include results obtained after the first measurement node performs the one or more first measurement tasks.
  • the first sending module 1701 includes:
  • the first sending sub-module is used to send the measurement policy of the first network domain to the controller corresponding to the first network domain or the first measurement node.
  • the acquisition module 1702 includes:
  • the first acquisition sub-module is used to acquire the results obtained by the first measurement node after the first measurement node performs the one or more first measurement tasks from the collector or the first measurement node corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes a measurement strategy of the second network domain.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain is used to instruct the second measurement node to perform one or more second measurement tasks.
  • the measurement strategy of the second network domain includes: The priority of the one or more second measurement tasks;
  • the first sending module 1701 includes:
  • the second sending submodule is used to send the measurement strategy of the first network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain, and to send the measurement strategy of the second network domain to the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the second network domain.
  • the acquisition module 1702 includes:
  • the second acquisition sub-module is used to acquire the measurement results of the first measurement node collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain, and obtain the second measurement results collected by the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the second network domain. The result measured by the measurement node.
  • the device 1700 also includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an information query request sent by the ALTO client, where the information query request is used to request information on at least one measurement indicator of the target object;
  • the generation module is configured to generate the information measurement strategy based on the information query request.
  • the priority of the measurement task corresponding to the target object in the information measurement strategy is the first priority.
  • the device 1700 also includes:
  • the second sending module is used to send an information query response to the ALTO client, where the information query response includes the measurement result.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes one or more measurement indicators
  • the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the first measurement node; or,
  • the measurement result includes information on the changed measurement index measured by the first measurement node.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes measurement objects, priorities corresponding to measurement indicators, cost modes, measurement methods, measurement triggering methods, measurement result reporting methods, reporting addresses, measurement execution timeouts, and tolerance thresholds for measurement indicator fluctuations. one or more of;
  • the type of measurement object includes endpoint and/or PID
  • the cost mode includes numerical mode or sorting mode.
  • the numerical mode is used to indicate the actual cost value of each measurement indicator to be reported, and the sorting mode is used to indicate the cost sorting result of each measurement indicator to be reported;
  • Measurement methods include active measurement or passive measurement.
  • the embodiments of this application provide a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority.
  • the measurement node can prioritize the execution of the measurement task, so that Improve information collection efficiency.
  • the information collection device provided in the above embodiment collects information
  • only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example.
  • the above function allocation can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, The internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the information collection device provided by the above embodiments and the information collection method embodiments belong to the same concept. Please refer to the method embodiments for the specific implementation process, which will not be described again here.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an information collection device 1800 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information collection device 1800 can be implemented as part or all of a communication device by software, hardware, or a combination of the two.
  • the communication device can be implemented as described above. Any measurement node in the example. In this embodiment of the present application, the device 1800 is applied to measurement nodes.
  • the device 1800 includes: a receiving module 1801, an execution module 1802 and a reporting module 1803.
  • the receiving module 1801 is configured to receive an information measurement strategy, which is determined by the target ALTO server.
  • the information measurement strategy includes the priority of one or more measurement tasks;
  • Execution module 1802 is used to execute the one or more measurement tasks based on the information measurement strategy to obtain measurement results;
  • the reporting module 1803 is used to report the measurement results.
  • the receiving module 1801 includes:
  • the receiving submodule is used to receive the information measurement policy sent by the ALTO server or controller corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the reporting module 1803 includes:
  • the sending submodule is used to send the measurement result to the ALTO server or collector corresponding to the first network domain.
  • the information measurement strategy includes one or more measurement indicators
  • the measurement results include information on all measurement indicators measured by the measurement nodes; or,
  • the measurement result includes information on the changed measurement index measured by the measurement node.
  • execution module 1802 includes:
  • the execution submodule is used to execute the one or more measurement tasks according to the measurement task execution sequence.
  • the information measurement strategy also includes priorities corresponding to one or more measurement indicators
  • the execution submodule is specifically used for:
  • the information of each measurement indicator in any measurement task is measured according to the execution order of the measurement indicators.
  • the embodiments of this application provide a unified policy management for the ALTO server to collect network information based on the policy, and the measurement nodes perform measurement tasks according to the policy, which is more conducive to the unified management of information collection.
  • each measurement task has a corresponding priority.
  • the measurement node can prioritize the execution of the measurement task, so that Improve information collection efficiency.
  • the information collection device provided in the above embodiment collects information
  • only the division of the above functional modules is used as an example.
  • the above function allocation can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, The internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.
  • the information collection device provided by the above embodiments and the information collection method embodiments belong to the same concept. Please refer to the method embodiments for the specific implementation process, which will not be described again here.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, e.g., the computer instructions may be transferred from a website, computer, server, or data center Transmission to another website, computer, server or data center through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (such as digital versatile discs (DVD)) or semiconductor media (such as solid state disks (SSD)) wait.
  • the computer-readable storage media mentioned in the embodiments of this application may be non-volatile storage media, in other words, may be non-transitory storage media.
  • the information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.), data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the embodiments of this application and Signals are all authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of relevant data need to comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of relevant countries and regions.
  • the network information involved in the embodiments of this application is obtained with full authorization.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品，属于信息采集技术领域。本方案提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。

Description

信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品
本申请要求于2022年6月30日提交的申请号为202210771906.8、发明名称为“信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及信息采集技术领域，特别涉及一种信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品。
背景技术
为了让网络中的应用感知网络情况，减少对网络资源的占用，避开网络中的拥塞点，应当为应用提供准确的网络信息，以便于应用根据网络信息来选择更加合理的流量转发路径，提升应用性能和网络资源利用率。其中，网络信息包括可达性、时延、跳数、丢包率、吞吐率和带宽等中的一种或多种。当前亟需提供一种合理的网络信息的采集方案。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种信息采集方法、装置、系统、存储介质及计算机程序产品，能够基于策略来合理采集网络信息，便于统一管理。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种信息采集方法，应用于目标应用层流量优化(application-layer traffic optimization，ALTO)服务器，该方法包括：
目标ALTO服务器发送信息测量策略，该信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，第一网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级；目标ALTO服务器获取测量结果，该测量结果包括第一测量节点执行该一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
本申请提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
需要说明的是，第一测量节点为第一网络域内的一个测量节点。任一测量节点为网络中的一个端点或两个端点之间的网元设备。
在单域场景中，目标ALTO服务器为第一网络域对应的单域ALTO服务器，目标ALTO服务器发送信息测量策略，包括：向第一网络域对应的控制器或第一测量节点发送第一网络域的测量策略。应当理解的是，单域ALTO服务器直接将策略下发至测量节点，或者通过控制器将策略下发至测量节点。
可选地，在单域场景中，目标ALTO服务器获取测量结果，包括：从第一网络域对应的采集器或第一测量节点，获取第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。应 当理解的是，单域ALTO服务器直接从测量节点获取测量结果，或者通过采集器获取测量结果。
在跨域场景中，目标ALTO服务器即一个跨域ALTO服务器，对应的多个网络域包括第一网络域和第二网络域，该多个网络域与多个单域ALTO服务器一一对应。上述信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，第二网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级；目标ALTO服务器发送信息测量策略，包括：向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第一网络域的测量策略，以及向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第二网络域的测量策略；目标ALTO服务器获取测量结果，包括：获取第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第二测量节点测量到的结果。
需要说明的是，第二测量节点为第二网络域内的一个测量节点。
可选地，在跨域场景中，目标ALTO服务器通过跨域控制器发送信息测量策略，和/或，目标ALTO服务器通过采集器获取测量结果。
在本申请中，目标ALTO服务器能够通过多种方式触发生成上述信息采集策略。可选地，目标ALTO服务器发送信息测量策略之前，还包括：接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，该信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息；基于信息查询请求，生成该信息测量策略，该信息测量策略中的目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。也即是，上述信息测量策略可以基于ALTO客户端的信息查询请求来触发生成。
可选地，目标ALTO服务器获取测量结果之后，还包括：向ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应，该信息查询响应包括该测量结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略也能够基于目标ALTO服务器的设置而周期性生成。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标；该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。也即是，测量节点全量上报或变化时上报。
可选地，发生变化的测量指标的信息包括变化量超过容忍阈值的测量指标的信息。在测量指标对应有波动的容忍阈值的情况下，既能够减少测量节点的上报次数，以减少通信资源浪费，又能够不错失变化较大的测量指标的信息，即不错失重要数据。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括测量对象、测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种。
其中，测量对象的类型包括端点和/或PID。即测量策略能够用于指示测量两个端点之间的网络信息，和/或两个PID之间的网络信息。
网络信息包括一种或多种测量指标，每种测量指标为可达性、单向时延、双向时延、时延抖动、丢包率、跳数、吞吐率、剩余带宽或总带宽等网络成本信息或网络性能信息。可选地，网络信息还包括网络属性信息，例如端点和/或PID的属性信息。
测量指标对应的优先级用于指示测量节点按照优先级从高到低的顺序来测量各个测量指标的信息。
成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值， 排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果。
测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。测量方法还可以包括测量协议。
测量触发方式包括单次触发、周期触发和事件触发中的一种或多种方式。
测量结果上报方式包括请求时上报的方式或订阅上报的方式，订阅上报的方式包括全量上报的方式或变化时上报的方式。
测量执行的超时时间用于指示测量节点在超时时间之内测量出结果。可选地，测量超时的话向ALTO服务器反馈超时提示信息。或者，ALTO服务器在超时时间之内未收到测量结果，则确定本次测量失败。可选地，测量失败的情况下可以重新触发一次测量任务。
测量指标波动的容忍阈值用于指示上报测量出的变化量超过相应容忍阈值的测量指标的信息。
第二方面，提供了一种信息采集方法，应用于测量节点，该方法包括：
测量节点接收信息测量策略，该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器确定，该信息测量策略包括一个或多个测量任务的优先级；基于该信息测量策略执行该一个或多个测量任务，以得到测量结果；上报该测量结果。
本申请提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
可选地，该测量节点接收信息测量策略，包括：接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的信息测量策略。
其中，在单域场景中，目标ALTO服务器即为第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器，该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器直接发送给该测量节点，或者，通过第一网络域对应的控制器向该测量节点下发信息测量策略。
在跨域场景中，目标ALTO服务器对应多个网络域，该多个网络域包括第一网络域，该多个网络域与多个单域ALTO服务器一一对应。该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器发送给第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器(即第一网络域对应的单域ALTO服务器)或控制器，再由第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送给该测量节点。或者，该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器发送给跨域控制器，再由跨域控制器发送给第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器，再由第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送给该测量节点。
可选地，该测量节点上报该测量结果，包括：向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送该测量结果。
其中，在单域场景中，测量节点直接向目标ALTO服务器发送该测量结果，或者，测量节点向第一网络域对应的控制器发送该测量结果，再由第一网络域对应的控制器将该测量结果发送给目标ALTO服务器。
在跨域场景中，该测量节点向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送该测量结果，再由第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器向目标ALTO服务器发送该测量结果。或者，第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器向跨域控制器发送该测量结果，跨域控制器再将该测量结果发送给目标ALTO服务器。
可选地，该信息测量策略包括一种或多种测量指标；该测量结果包括该测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，该测量结果包括该测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。也即是，测量节点全量上报或变化时上报。
可选地，发生变化的测量指标的信息包括变化量超过容忍阈值的测量指标的信息。在测量指标对应有波动的容忍阈值的情况下，既能够减少测量节点的上报次数，以减少通信资源浪费，又能够不错失变化较大的测量指标的信息，即不错失重要数据。
可选地，测量节点基于该信息测量策略执行该一个或多个测量任务，包括：基于该一个或多个测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序；按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个测量任务。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级；测量节点按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个测量任务，包括：基于该一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序；对于该一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照测量指标执行顺序，测量任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
第三方面，提供了一种信息采集装置，所述信息采集装置具有实现上述第一方面中信息采集方法行为的功能。所述信息采集装置包括一个或多个模块，该一个或多个模块用于实现上述第一方面所提供的信息采集方法。
也即是，提供了一种信息采集装置，应用于目标ALTO服务器，该装置包括：
第一发送模块，用于发送信息测量策略，该信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，第一网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级；
获取模块，用于获取测量结果，该测量结果包括第一测量节点执行该一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
可选地，第一发送模块包括：
第一发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的控制器或第一测量节点发送第一网络域的测量策略。
可选地，获取模块包括：
第一获取子模块，用于从第一网络域对应的采集器或第一测量节点，获取第一测量节点执行该一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，第二网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级；
第一发送模块包括：
第二发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第一网络域的测量策略，以及向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第二网络域的测量策略；
获取模块包括：
第二获取子模块，用于获取第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第二测量节点测量到的结果。
可选地，该装置还包括：
接收模块，用于接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，该信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息；
生成模块，用于基于信息查询请求，生成该信息测量策略，该信息测量策略中的目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。
可选地，该装置还包括：
第二发送模块，用于向ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应，该信息查询响应包括该测量结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标；
该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括测量对象、测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种；
其中，测量对象的类型包括端点和/或PID；
成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果；
测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。
第四方面，提供了一种信息采集装置，所述信息采集装置具有实现上述第二方面中信息采集方法行为的功能。所述信息采集装置包括一个或多个模块，该一个或多个模块用于实现上述第二方面所提供的信息采集方法。
也即是，提供了一种信息采集装置，应用于测量节点，该装置包括：
接收模块，用于接收信息测量策略，该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器确定，该信息测量策略包括一个或多个测量任务的优先级；
执行模块，用于基于信息测量策略执行该一个或多个测量任务，以得到测量结果；
上报模块，用于上报该测量结果。
可选地，接收模块包括：
接收子模块，用于接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的信息测量策略。
可选地，上报模块包括：
发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送该测量结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略包括一种或多种测量指标；
该测量结果包括测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
该测量结果包括测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
可选地，执行模块包括：
确定子模块，用于基于该一个或多个测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序；
执行子模块，用于按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个测量任务。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级；
执行子模块具体用于：
基于该一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序；
对于该一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照测量指标执行顺序，测量任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
第五方面，提供了一种信息采集系统，该信息采集系统包括目标ALTO服务器和测量节点。目标ALTO服务器用于实现上述第一方面所提供的信息采集方法，测量节点用于实现上述第二方面所提供的信息采集方法。
第六方面，提供了一种通信设备，所述通信设备包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储执行上述第一方面所提供的信息采集方法的程序，以及存储用于实现上述第一方面所提供的信息采集方法所涉及的数据。或者，所述存储器用于存储执行上述第二方面所提供的信息采集方法的程序，以及存储用于实现上述第二方面所提供的信息采集方法所涉及的数据。所述处理器被配置为用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序。所述通信设备还可以包括通信总线，该通信总线用于该处理器与存储器之间建立连接。
第七方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面所述的信息采集方法。
第八方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第二方面所述的信息采集方法。
上述第三方面、第四方面、第五方面、第六方面、第七方面和第八方面所获得的技术效果与第一方面或第二方面中对应的技术手段获得的技术效果近似，在这里不再赘述。
本申请提供的技术方案至少能够带来以下有益效果：
本申请提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备的结构示意图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集方法的流程图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种信息上报方法的流程图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息上报方法的流程图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息采集方法的流程图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集装置的结构示意图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息采集装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
首先对本申请实施例涉及的一些名词和术语进行解释说明。
应用层流量优化(ALTO)协议：互联网工程任务组(Internet Engineering Task Force，IETF)在RFC7285中定义了ALTO协议。
端点(endpoint)：在ALTO协议中，端点相当于一个应用程序或主机，它能够在网络上通信(发送和/或接收消息)。端点通常是一个资源提供者或资源消耗者。
网络配置(network configuration，NETCONF)协议：RFC6241定义的网络配置协议。
表示状态转移配置(representational state transfer configuration，RESTCONF)协议：RFC8040定义的一种基于HTTP的无状态协议，使用HTTP方法，提供使用下一代建模语言(yet another next generation，YANG)进行建模的配置数据的增删改查操作来访问RFC6241与RFC8342中定义的数据集。
NETCONF协议和RESTCONF协议一般都是客户端/服务端(client/server，C/S)架构，网元设备一般作为服务端(server)，网管系统(network management system，NMS)或控制器为客户端(client)。
ALTO协议最初被设计用于点对点(peer to peer，P2P)网络(即对等式网络)或内容分发网络(content delivery network，CDN)中，当应用需要从一个或多个候选的节点中选择合适的节点来获取需要的资源，ALTO协议的设计目标就是让应用可以感知网络，减少网络资源的占用，避开网络当中的拥塞点，指导应用对候选的节点进行更合理的选择，以提升应用性能。ALTO协议的本质是呈现网络信息、指导业务流向。
通过使用ALTO服务，应用程序可以通过ALTO协议从网络服务供应商(Internet service provider，ISP)或内容提供商(content provider，CP)请求关于网络拓扑、网络流量等信息。应用层流量优化客户端(ALTO client)和资源提供者根据这些信息可以进行非随机的节点资源选择，从而减小资源开销和不必要的跨域流量，在提高或保持应用程序的高性能的条件下更加有效和公平的利用网络资源。
需要说明的是，ALTO协议基于C/S架构。ALTO客户端(ALTO client)通过ALTO协议与ALTO服务器(ALTO server)交互通信获取ALTO服务器提供的信息服务。ALTO协议的 设计基于超文本传输协议(hyper text transfer protocol，HTTP)实现，使用REST-ful风格接口，并使用轻量级的JSON对ALTO请求和响应进行编码。
在ALTO协议中引入PID作为ALTO服务提供方定义的网络位置标识符，以提供一种间接的、与网络无关的方式来指定网络中端点的聚合。PID是由多个端点组成的集合，该集合可以是一个子网、一组子网、一个城域网、一个网络服务提供点或局端(point of presence，POP)、一个自治系统(也称为自治域)或者一组自治系统。PID表示一个抽象的网络节点。比如，一个PID可以表示是192.168.100.0/24子网内的所有主机地址，也可以表示别的抽象，比如多个子网甚至是一个自治管理域。端点与PID的归属关系称为网络地图(network map)，应用层流量优化服务器(ALTO server)以PID之间的开销(cost)表示网络资源的优先权值。所有PID之间的cost的集合称为开销地图(cost map)。其中，PID对端点的聚合度，即将多大范围内的端点划分为一个PID，称为PID粒度。PID粒度越小，表明ALTO服务的导航精度越高。网络规模越大，PID的抽象程度可能越高。被抽象的一组端点可以根据拓扑、类型或其他属性进行类似处理。聚合和抽象的好处在于能够降低管理规模，使得cost map能够以比网络聚合本身更快的时间表示和更新。
ALTO协议采用模块化设计，将ALTO信息发布划分为多个ALTO服务。ALTO提供的信息服务包括如下四种：
1.地图服务(map service)
地图服务可以分为网络地图和成本地图(即开销地图)。网络地图用于提供ALTO服务器定义的网络位置分组(也就是PID)以及每个分组中包含的endpoint信息。成本地图则提供了定义分组(也就是PID)之间的成本。
其中，成本地图具有两个属性：成本指标(cost metric)(即本申请实施例中的测量指标)和成本模式(cost mode)。RFC7285中定义了成本指标包括路由成本(routing cost)和跳数(hop count)。目前成本指标又被细化为包括单向时延(one-way delay，缩写为delay-ow)、双向时延(round-trip delay，缩写为delay-rt)、时延抖动(delay-variation)、丢包率(loss rate)、跳数(hop count)、吞吐(tput tcp)、剩余带宽(bw-residual)和可用带宽(bw-available)。
成本模式包括数值模式和排序模式两种。其中，数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果。即，成本模式用于解释ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端返回的成本信息的值是实际成本值还是成本排序值。
2.基于地图的过滤服务(map-filter service)
对于地图服务的查询过滤服务，适用于资源受限的ALTO客户端使用。即，ALTO客户端可以指定请求查询的目标对象以及目标对象的哪些成本信息。过滤服务相比ALTO客户端直接全量查询地图服务再本地过滤的方式，有利于节省网络带宽和ALTO客户端的算力。
3.端点属性服务(endpoint property service)
该服务允许ALTO客户端查找各个端点(endpoint)的属性。比如网络位置就是端点的一个属性(即这个endpoint所属的PID)。另一个示例属性是端点的连接类型，连接类型如非对称数字用户线(asymmetric digital subscriber line，ADSL)、电缆或光纤到家(fiber to the home，FTTH)等。
4.端点成本服务(endpoint cost service)
端点成本服务允许ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端返回两个端点之间的成本信息。一些 ALTO客户端能够从所查询到的基于端点的成本和排名中获益。
目前，ALTO服务器能够聚合来自多个系统的网络信息，提供抽象且统一的网络视图。但ALTO协议虽定义了ALTO服务器能够提供的网络服务，以及ALTO客户端与ALTO服务器之间的通信方式，而对于ALTO服务器如何收集网络信息没有做具体规定和说明。ALTO服务器需要提供多种cost metric的网络性能指标数据，这就需要进行网络测量。但现有的网络性能测量工具或协议等主动或被动测量方法多是关注测量本身，缺乏统一的策略管理；或者不是基于端到端的网络测量。基于此，本申请实施例实质上提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行端到端的测量任务。
接下来对本申请实施例提供的信息采集方法所涉及的系统进行介绍。
在申请实施例中，信息采集系统可以是单域场景下的系统，也可以是跨域场景下的系统。其中，单域场景是指该信息采集系统中的目标ALTO服务器对应一个网络域，目标ALTO服务器用于采集该网络域内的测量节点测量网络信息所得到的结果。单域场景中的目标ALTO服务器也能称为单域ALTO服务器或单域服务器或简称为ALTO服务器。跨域场景是指该信息采集系统中的目标ALTO服务器对应多个网络域，目标ALTO服务器用于采集该多个网络域内的测量节点测量网络信息所得到的结果。跨域场景中的目标ALTO服务器也能称为跨域ALTO服务器或跨域服务器，跨域场景中各个自治域对应的ALTO服务器称为单域ALTO服务器或单域服务器。本文中的网络域可以是一个自治域、多个自治域的集合、一个城域、多个城域的集合、一个子网或多个子网的集合等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
接下来将参照图1至图5对单域场景下的信息采集系统进行介绍。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集系统的架构图。参见图1，该信息采集系统包括ALTO服务器(即目标ALTO服务器)和至少一个测量节点。在图1中展示出了其中两个测量节点。ALTO服务器与测量节点之间可以直接或间接通信。ALTO服务器为一个网络域对应的ALTO服务器。测量节点为该网络域内的一个端点或一个网元设备。ALTO服务器用于向各个测量节点发送信息测量策略。各个测量节点用于接收该信息测量策略，并按照该信息测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到测量结果。各个测量节点还用于向ALTO服务器发送各自得到的测量结果。ALTO服务器还用于接收各个测量节点发送的测量结果。
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息采集系统的架构图。相比于图1，图2所示的信息采集系统还包括控制器。ALTO服务器与控制器之间可以直接或间接通信，控制器与各个测量节点之间可以直接或间接通信。ALTO服务器用于向控制器发送信息测量策略，控制器用于向各个测量节点发送该信息测量策略。各个测量节点用于接收控制器发送的信息测量策略，并按照该信息测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到测量结果。各个测量节点还用于向ALTO服务器发送各自得到的测量结果。ALTO服务器还用于接收各个测量节点发送的测量结果。
图3是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。相比于图1，图3所示的信息采集系统还包括采集器。ALTO服务器与测量节点之间可以直接或间接通信，各个测量节点与采集器之间可以直接或间接通信。ALTO服务器用于向测量节点发送信息测量策略。各个测量节点用于接收该信息测量策略，并按照该信息测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到测量结果，并向采集器发送该测量结果。采集器用于向ALTO服务器发送各个测量节点得到的测 量结果。目标ALTO服务器还用于从采集器获取该测量结果。
图4是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图4所示的信息采集系统包括ALTO服务器、控制器、采集器和至少一个测量节点。图4所示的信息采集系统是将图2和图3结合起来得到的信息采集系统。
图5是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图5是图4所示的信息采集系统的一个具体实施例。在图5中，ALTO服务器应用于ISP网络，该ISP网络包括的多个端点被聚合为PID1、PID2、PID3和PID4。该信息采集系统中部署有测量代理的设备可以作为测量节点。例如，各个端点可以部署测量代理，以作为一个测量节点，ISP网络中的各个网元设备(如路由器、交换机等)也可以部署测量代理，以作为一个测量节点。如图5所示，PID1中的一个端点(IP地址为192.0.2.2)部署有测量代理，以及某个提供商边缘(provider edge，PE)设备部署有测量代理。另外，如图5所示，端点也可以作为ALTO客户端。
由图1至图5可知，目标ALTO服务器可以直接将信息测量策略下发至测量节点，也可以通过控制器将信息测量策略下发至测量节点。目标ALTO服务器可以直接从测量节点收集测量结果，也可以通过采集器来收集测量结果。
接下来请参照图6至图11对跨域场景下的信息采集系统进行介绍。
图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。参见图6，该信息采集系统包括跨域服务器(即目标ALTO服务器，在下文简称为跨域服务器)、与多个网络域一一对应的多个单域ALTO服务器(即ALTO服务器，在下文简称为单域服务器)以及各个网络域内的测量节点。测量节点为该多个网络域内的一个端点或一个网元设备。跨域服务器与该多个单域服务器建立有通信连接，各个单域服务器与相应网络域内的测量节点建立有通信连接。跨域服务器用于向该多个单域服务器分别发送对应的测量策略。各个单域服务器用于向相应网络域内的测量节点发送对应的测量策略。各个网络域内的测量节点用于接收对应的测量策略，并按照接收到的测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到测量结果，向对应的单域服务器发送测量结果。各个单域服务器还用于接收各个网络域内的测量节点得到的测量结果。跨域服务器还用于获取各个单域服务器收集的测量结果。
图7是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图7与图6的不同在于，在图7所示的信息采集系统中，各个网络域还包括控制器和/或采集器。各个网络域内的控制器的功能与上文所介绍的单域场景中的控制器的功能一致，各个网络域内的采集器的功能与上文所介绍的单域场景中的采集器的功能一致，这里不再赘述。各个网络域内的控制器可以称为单域控制器。各个网络域内的采集器可以称为单域采集器。也即是，在跨域场景中，各个网络域内也可以选择性地部署控制器和/或采集器。可选地，跨域服务器用于直接向各个单域服务器发送相应的测量策略。或者，跨域服务器用于向各个单域控制器发送相应的测量策略(图7中未示出)。
图8是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图8与图6的不同在于，在图8所示的信息采集系统中，跨域服务器对应有跨域控制器。跨域服务器与跨域控制器之间建立有通信连接。跨域控制器与各个单域服务器之间建立有通信连接，跨域服务器用于通过跨域控制器向各个单域服务器下发相应的测量策略。或者，各个网络域还包括单域控制器，跨域控制器与各个单域控制器之间建立有通信连接，跨域服务器用于通过跨域控制器向各个 单域控制器下发相应的测量策略。各个单域控制器的功能包括上文所介绍的单域场景中的控制器的功能。可选地，各个网络域还包括单域采集器。各个单域采集器的功能包括上文所介绍的单域场景中的采集器的功能。跨域服务器用于从各个单域采集器中获取相应自治域内的测量节点得到的测量结果。
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图9与图8的不同在于，在图9所示的信息采集系统中，跨域服务器还对应有跨域采集器。跨域服务器与跨域控制器之间建立有通信连接。跨域服务器与跨域采集器之间建立有通信连接。跨域采集器与各个单域服务器之间建立有通信连接。跨域服务器用于通过跨域采集器收集各个单域服务器获取的测量结果。或者，跨域采集器与各个单域采集器之间建立有通信连接。跨域服务器用于通过跨域采集器收集各个单域采集器获取的测量结果。
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图10与图8的不同在于，在图10所示的信息采集系统中，跨域服务器还对应有跨域控制器和跨域采集器。跨域服务器用于通过跨域控制器向各个单域服务器或单域控制器下发相应的测量策略。跨域服务器用于通过跨域采集器收集各个单域服务器或单域采集器获取的测量结果。
图11是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息采集系统的架构图。图11是图10所示的信息采集系统的一个具体实施例。在图11中，网络包括4个自治域，分别为自治域A、自治域B、自治域C和自治域D。一个自治域为一个PID，这4个PID分别为PID1、PID2、PID3和PID4。各个自治域内的端点部署有测量代理，各个自治域内的网元设备也可以部署有测量代理。例如，自治域内的网络边缘(network edge，NE)设备作为网元设备，可以部署测量代理。部署有测量代理的设备可以作为测量节点。
由图6至图11可知，跨域ALTO服务器可以直接向各个单域ALTO服务器或单域控制器发送相应的测量策略，也可以通过跨域控制器向各个单域ALTO服务器或单域控制器发送相应的测量策略。跨域ALTO服务器可以直接从各个单域ALTO服务器或单域采集器收集测量结果，也可以通过跨域采集器来从各个单域ALTO服务器或单域采集器收集测量结果。也即是，在跨域场景的信息采集系统中也可以选择性地部署跨域控制器和/或跨域采集器。
需要说明的是，在跨域场景下的其他一些可能实施例中，跨域ALTO服务器也可以直接向多个网络域内的测量节点下发相应的测量策略，跨域服务器也可以直接从多个网络域内的测量节点获取测量结果。
可选地，上述一些信息采集系统中的控制器称为测量控制器。可选地，图1至图11所示的信息采集系统还包括网络控制器，网络控制器与目标ALTO服务器之间建立有通信连接，网络控制器用于向目标ALTO服务器发送网络拓扑信息。目标ALTO服务器还能够用于从其他接口获取端点信息。目标ALTO服务器还用于将网络拓扑信息和/或端点信息作为确定信息测量策略过程中的参考信息。需要说明的是，测量控制器和网络控制器可以为一个设备，也可以为两个独立的设备，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，图1至图11所示的信息采集系统还包括ALTO客户端(某些图中未示出)。ALTO客户端与ALTO服务器之间建立有通信连接。ALTO客户端用于向目标ALTO服务器发送信息查询请求，目标ALTO服务器用于向ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应。其中，ALTO客户端可以部署在网络域内的端点上，即ALTO客户端与端点共部署，以便于端点作 为ALTO客户端查询网络信息，并利用网络信息来指导流量转发。当然，ALTO客户端也可以部署在其他的任意一台设备上，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
上述图1至图11中所介绍的网元设备可以是路由器、交换机、计算服务器、无线接入设备等连接到网络中的实体设备。
本申请实施例描述的系统架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着系统架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
请参考图12，图12是本申请实施例示出的一种通信设备的结构示意图。可选地，该通信设备为一个ALTO服务器或测量节点，该通信设备包括一个或多个处理器1201、通信总线1202、存储器1203以及一个或多个通信接口1204。
处理器1201为一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、网络处理器(network processing，NP)、微处理器、或者为一个或多个用于实现本申请方案的集成电路，例如，专用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，可编程逻辑器件(programmable logic device，PLD)或其组合。可选地，上述PLD为复杂可编程逻辑器件(complex programmable logic device，CPLD)，现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)，通用阵列逻辑(generic array logic,GAL)或其任意组合。
通信总线1202用于在上述组件之间传送信息。可选地，通信总线1202分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
可选地，存储器1203为只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、光盘(包括只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)、压缩光盘、激光盘、数字通用光盘、蓝光光盘等)、磁盘存储介质或者其它磁存储设备，或者是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其它介质，但不限于此。存储器1203独立存在，并通过通信总线1202与处理器1201相连接，或者，存储器1203与处理器1201集成在一起。
通信接口1204使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其它设备或通信网络通信。通信接口1204包括有线通信接口，可选地，还包括无线通信接口。其中，有线通信接口例如以太网接口等。可选地，以太网接口为光接口、电接口或其组合。无线通信接口为无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)接口、蜂窝网络通信接口或其组合等。
可选地，在一些实施例中，通信设备包括多个处理器，如图12中所示的处理器1201和处理器1205。这些处理器中的每一个为一个单核处理器，或者一个多核处理器。可选地，这里的处理器指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备还包括输出设备1206和输入设备1207。输出设备1206和处理器1201通信，能够以多种方式来显示信息。例如，输出设备1206为液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)、发光二级管(light emigrating diode，LED)显示设备、阴极射线管(cathode ray tube，CRT)显示设备或投影仪(projector)等。输入设备1207和处理 器1201通信，能够以多种方式接收用户的输入。例如，输入设备1207是鼠标、键盘、触摸屏设备或传感设备等。
在一些实施例中，存储器1203用于存储执行本申请方案的程序代码1210，处理器1201能够执行存储器1203中存储的程序代码1210。该程序代码中包括一个或多个软件模块，该通信设备能够通过处理器1201以及存储器1203中的程序代码1210，来实现下文图13实施例提供的信息采集方法。
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集方法的流程图，该方法应用于信息采集系统，该信息采集系统包括目标ALTO服务器和测量节点。请参考图13，该方法包括如下步骤。
步骤1301：目标ALTO服务器发送信息测量策略，该信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，第一网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级。
由前述可知，本申请实施例可以应用于单域场景或跨域场景。在单域场景中，目标ALTO服务器为第一网络域对应的单域服务器，目标ALTO服务器向第一网络域对应的控制器或第一测量节点发送第一网络域的测量策略。
需要说明的是，该信息测量策略用于指示第一网络域内的至少一个测量节点执行相应测量任务。第一测量节点为该至少一个测量节点中的一个。在该至少一个测量节点包括多个测量节点的情况下，各个测量节点所需执行的测量任务可以不同，例如测量任务中的测量对象和/或测量指标不同。
在跨域场景中，目标ALTO服务器即一个跨域服务器，对应的多个网络域包括第一网络域和第二网络域，当然也可能包括第三网络域、第四网络域等。在后文以该多个网络域包括第一网络域和第二网络域为例进行介绍。在本申请实施例中，该信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，第二网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级。目标ALTO服务器向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第一网络域的测量策略，以及向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第二网络域的测量策略。第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器将第一网络域的测量策略发送给第一测量节点。第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器将第二网络域的测量策略发送给第二测量节点。
需要说明的是，第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一网络域内的至少一个测量节点(包括第一测量节点)执行相应测量任务。第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二网络域内的至少一个测量节点(包括第二测量节点)执行相应测量任务。
在跨域场景中，如上文所述，目标ALTO服务器直接确定第一网络域的测量策略和第二网络域的测量策略，从而分别下发第一网络域的测量策略和第二网络域的测量策略。换种方式来讲，第一网络域的测量策略和第二网络域的测量策略均为单域策略，跨域服务器生成的信息测量策略包括独立的多个单域策略。
可选地，在一些实施例中，目标ALTO服务器生成的信息测量策略为一个跨域策略，跨域策略与多个网络域相关。目标ALTO服务器将该跨域策略下发送给跨域控制器，跨域控制器将该跨域策略分解为多个单域策略，将该多个单域策略分别下发至相应网络域对应的单域ALTO服务器或单域控制器。或者，目标ALTO服务器将该跨域策略分解为多个单域策略， 将该多个单域策略分别下发至相应网络域对应的单域ALTO服务器或单域控制器。其中，该多个单域策略与多个网络域一一对应，各个单域策略用于指示测量与相应网络域相关的网络信息。
示例性地，目标ALTO服务器生成的信息测量策略与第一网络域和第二网络域相关。目标ALTO服务器将该信息测量策略下发送给跨域控制器，跨域控制器将该信息测量策略分解为第一网络域的测量策略和第二网络域的测量策略，将第一网络域的测量策略下发至第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或单域控制器，以及将第二网络域的测量策略下发至第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或单域控制器。其中，该多个单域策略与多个自治域一一对应，各个单域策略用于指示测量与相应自治域相关的网络信息。
例如，目标ALTO服务器生成的信息测量策略用于指示测量自治域A内的端点1与自治域B内的端点2之间的网络信息，端点1与端点2之间通过自治域A内的网元设备A以及自治域B内的网元设备B连通，跨域控制器可以将该信息测量策略分解为自治域A的测量策略和自治域B的测量策略。自治域A的测量策略用于指示测量端点1与网元设备A之间的网络信息，以及网元设备A与网元设备B之间的网络信息。自治域B的测量策略用于指示测量端点2与网元设备B之间的网络信息，以及网元设备B与网元设备A之间的网络信息。
另外，在本申请实施例中，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在第一测量任务的优先级高于第一测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，第一网络域的测量策略即能够指示第一测量节点优先执行第一测量任务。同理，在第二测量任务的优先级高于第二测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，第二网络域的测量策略即能够指示第二测量节点优先执行第二测量任务。在测量节点优先执行测量任务的情况下，能够提高信息采集效率。
在本申请实施例中，目标ALTO服务器能够通过多种方式触发生成上述信息采集策略。可选地，目标ALTO服务器在发送该信息测量策略之前，接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，该信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息。目标ALTO服务器基于该信息查询请求，生成该信息测量策略，该信息测量策略中的目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。也即是，上述信息测量策略可以基于ALTO客户端的信息查询请求来触发生成。
示例性地，ALTO客户端向目标ALTO服务器发送信息查询请求，以请求查询端点1至端点2之间的单向时延、双向时延等网络成本信息，即目标对象为端点1至端点2，请求查询的至少一种测量指标包括单向时延和双向时延。目标ALTO服务器基于该信息查询请求，所生成的信息测量策略所指示的测量任务包括测量端点1至端点2之间的单向时延、双向时延等网络成本信息这个任务，该测量任务的优先级被设置为第一优先级。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，每个任务的优先级为1、2、…或N，其中，优先级为1的任务优先执行，优先级为N的任务最后执行。可选地，第一优先级为1，表示对应的测量任务优先执行。在另一些实施例中，每个任务的优先级为I、II、…或V，其中，优先级为V的任务优先执行，优先级为I的任务最后执行。可选地，第一优先级为V，表示对应的测量任务优先执行。在又一些实施例中，每个任务的优先级为高、中或低，其中，优先级为高的任务优先执行，优先级为低的任务最后执行。可选地，第一优先级为高，表示对应的测量任务优先执行。也即是，第一优先级为高优先级，测量节点可以优先执行高优先级的测量任务。
可选地，上述信息测量策略也能够基于目标ALTO服务器的设置而周期性生成。示例性 地，目标ALTO服务器被设置为每天凌晨一点或每周日凌晨两点或每月一号零点生成信息测量策略。上述信息测量策略也可以通过其他的方式触发生成，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，在目标ALTO服务器的部署或设置阶段，通过RESTCONF或NETCONF或静态手工配置或其他方式在目标ALTO服务器上下发了关于信息测量的一些配置数据，目标ALTO服务器能够基于这些配置数据来确定信息测量策略的内容。例如，配置数据包括网络中有哪些测量节点、测量节点的地址、可接受的测量执行的超时(timeout)时间、用户期望目标ALTO服务器提供的测量指标、测量指标波动的容忍阈值等中的一种或多种。
需要说明的是，目标ALTO服务器接收到某个ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求之后，可以如上文所介绍的直接生成一个信息测量策略，从而通过后续步骤向该ALTO客户端返回最新的网络信息。
或者，目标ALTO服务器接收到某个ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求之后，也可以基于该信息查询请求，从已收集到的网络信息中查询该目标对象的至少一个测量指标的信息，在查询到该目标对象的至少一个测量指标的信息的情况下，将查询到的信息返回给ALTO客户端，无需触发生成信息测量策略。在未查询到该目标对象的至少一个测量指标的全部信息的情况下，生成上述信息测量策略并下发给对应的测量节点，以通过相应的测量节点按照该信息测量策略执行测量任务得到之前未查询到的信息。然后，目标ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端发送该目标对象的至少一个测量指标的全部信息。
可选地，在未查询到该目标对象的至少一个测量指标的全部信息的情况下，目标ALTO服务器所生成的信息测量策略所指示的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级，测量节点可以优先执行第一优先级的测量任务，从而快速采集网络信息，提高ALTO客户端的查询响应率。
在本申请实施例中，信息测量策略除了包括一种或多种测量指标、一个或多个测量任务的优先级之外，还包括测量对象、测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种。
其中，测量对象的类型包括端点和/或PID。即测量策略能够用于指示测量两个端点之间的网络信息，和/或两个PID之间的网络信息。
网络信息包括一种或多种测量指标，每种测量指标为可达性、单向时延、双向时延、时延抖动、丢包率、跳数、吞吐率、剩余带宽或总带宽等网络成本信息或网络性能信息。可选地，网络信息还包括网络属性信息，例如端点和/或PID的属性信息。
测量指标对应的优先级用于指示测量节点按照优先级从高到低的顺序来测量各个测量指标的信息。
成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果。
测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。测量方法还可以包括测量协议。
测量触发方式包括单次触发、周期触发和事件触发中的一种或多种方式。
测量结果上报方式包括请求时上报的方式或订阅上报的方式，订阅上报的方式包括全量上报的方式或变化时上报的方式。
测量执行的超时时间用于指示测量节点在超时时间之内测量出结果。可选地，测量超时的话向ALTO服务器反馈超时提示信息。或者，ALTO服务器在超时时间之内未收到测量结 果，则确定本次测量失败。可选地，测量失败的情况下可以重新触发一次测量任务。
测量指标波动的容忍阈值用于指示上报测量出的变化量超过相应容忍阈值的测量指标的信息。
可选地，信息测量策略使用NETCONF或RESTCONF协议下发，参考YANG模型的树形结构如下：

目标ALTO服务器能够按照如上述YANG模型的树形结构生成信息测量策略。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，目标ALTO服务器基于网络拓扑信息和/或网络中端点的信息来确定信息测量策略，例如，确定信息测量策略中的测量对象。
在单域场景中，目标ALTO服务器获取网络拓扑信息的方式可以包括：通过NETCONF或RESTCONF协议或其他接口协议，从网络控制器获取网络拓扑信息。目标ALTO服务器获取端点的信息的方式可以包括：通过自定义应用程序接口或NETCONF或RESTCONF协议，从其他管理设备或网络控制器获取端点的信息。
在测量对象的类型包括PID的情况下，目标ALTO服务器基于网络拓扑信息和/或网络中端点的信息来聚合网络中的多个端点，以得到多个PID。目标ALTO服务器基于该多个PID来确定信息测量策略。
在跨域场景下，各个单域ALTO服务器通过NETCONF或RESTCONF协议或其他接口协议，从网络控制器获取相应网络域的网络拓扑信息。各个单域ALTO服务器通过自定义应用程序接口或NETCONF或RESTCONF协议，从其他管理设备获取相应网络域内端点的信息。各个单域服务器将获取到的网络拓扑信息和/或端点的信息上报给目标ALTO服务器(即跨域服务器)。目标ALTO服务器融合各个网络域网络拓扑信息和/或端点的信息。目标ALTO服务器基于各个网络域网络拓扑信息和/或端点的信息，确定信息测量策略。在测量对象的类型包括PID的情况下，目标ALTO服务器基于获取到的网络拓扑信息和/或端点的信息聚合网络中的多个端点，以得到多个PID。目标ALTO服务器基于该多个PID来确定信息测量策略。
或者，各个单域ALTO服务器基于获取到的网络拓扑信息和/或端点的信息聚合相应网络域内的多个端点，以得到多个PID。各个单域ALTO服务器将各自得到的多个PID的信息上报给目标ALTO服务器，目标ALTO服务器基于各个单域ALTO服务器所得到的多个PID来确定信息测量策略。可选地，目标ALTO服务器先基于各个单域ALTO服务器所得到的多个PID，重新聚合网络中的端点，即重新划分PID。目标ALTO服务器基于重新划分的PID来确定信息测量策略。比如，单域ALTO服务器将一个子网内的端点划分为一个PID，目标ALTO服务器可以将一个自治域内的端点划分为一个PID，其中，一个自治域包括多个子网。也即是，跨域ALTO服务器跨域完成更高程度的聚合和抽象。当然，跨域ALTO服务器也可以按照其他的聚合规则来重新划分PID，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，单域服务器与跨域服务器之间的信息传递采用ALTO协议。例如，各个单域服务器将各自得到的多个PID信息以ALTO协议中定义的网络地图的形式发送给跨域服务器。单域服务器与跨域服务器之间的信息传递也可以采用其他的协议，本申请 实施例对此不作限定。另外，跨域服务器可以从单域服务器获取网络拓扑信息或网络地图，也可以从跨域控制器获取网络拓扑信息，跨域服务器还可以从其他跨域接口处获取端点的信息。
步骤1302：第一测量节点接收第一网络域的测量策略。
在本申请实施例中，以第一测量节点接收第一网络域的测量策略为例，第一测量节点接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的第一网络域的测量策略。在跨域场景下，信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，第二网络域内的第二测量节点接收第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的第二网络域的测量策略。
需要说明的是，在单域场景下，若信息测量策略指示多个测量节点执行测量任务，那么该多个测量节点中的各个测量节点接收目标ALTO服务器或控制器发送的测量策略，各个测量节点接收到的测量策略可以不同，所执行的测量任务可以不同。
在跨域场景下，若第一网络域的测量策略指示多个第一测量节点执行测量任务，那么该多个第一测量节点中的各个第一测量节点接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的测量策略，各个第一测量节点接收到的测量策略可以不同，所执行的测量任务可以不同。同理，若第二网络域的测量策略指示多个第二测量节点执行测量任务，那么该多个第二测量节点中的各个第二测量节点接收第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的测量策略，各个第二测量节点接收到的测量策略可以不同，所执行的测量任务可以不同。
步骤1303：第一测量节点基于第一网络域的测量策略执行该一个或多个第一测量任务，以得到测量结果。
在本申请实施例中，第一测量节点基于该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序，按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个第一测量任务。
可选地，该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级存在不同，则第一测量节点将该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级从高到低的顺序确定为测量任务执行顺序，按照该测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个第一测量任务。
可选地，该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级均为第一优先级，且该多个第一测量任务中的测量指标不具有优先级或优先级相同，则第一测量节点按照任一顺序来执行该一个或多个第一测量任务，即测量任务执行顺序为任意顺序。
可选地，该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级均为第一优先级，且该多个第一测量任务中的测量指标具有优先级且优先级存在不同，即信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，那么第一测量节点基于该一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序，对于该一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照测量指标执行顺序，测量任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
可选地，该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级存在不同，且该多个第一测量任务中的测量指标具有优先级且优先级存在不同，那么第一测量节点基于该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序，按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个第一测量任务。并且，对于该一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，基于该一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序，按照测量指标执行顺序，测量任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。也即是，测量节点先按照测量任务的优先级确定测量任务的执行顺序，再按照测量指标的优先级确定每个任务中各个测量指标的测量顺序。
在本申请实施例中，如果某个测量任务的优先级高于测量节点正在执行的某个其他任务的优先级，则该测量任务会抢占该测量节点的资源，即该测量节点暂停执行其他任务，而开始执行该测量任务。例如，通过客户端请求所触发生成的测量策略中测量任务的优先级为第一优先级，第一优先级为最高优先级，最高优先级的任务会抢占正在执行的其他任务。
由前述可知，信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标，基于此，上述测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息，或者，上述测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。也即是，测量节点全量上报或变化时上报。
可选地，发生变化的测量指标的信息包括变化量超过容忍阈值的测量指标的信息。简单来讲，某个测量指标相较于参考值的波动范围较小则不上报，波动范围较大则上报。其中，参考值可以为上一次测量得到的该测量指标的实际值，也可以为历史测量到的该测量指标的平均值，也可以为预设的经验值等。
示例性地，某测量指标为吞吐率，吞吐率波动的容忍阈值为1000比特每秒(bit per second，bps)，在测量到的吞吐率与参考值之间的差的绝对值超过1000bps的情况下，第一测量节点上报吞吐率的信息，在测量到的吞吐率与参考值之间的差的绝对值未超过1000bps的情况下，第一测量节点不上报吞吐率的信息。
由上文可知，在测量指标对应有波动的容忍阈值的情况下，既能够减少测量节点的上报次数，以减少通信资源浪费，又能够不错失变化较大的测量指标的信息，即不错失重要数据。
可选地，测量节点上报的测量结果包括测量指标的实际成本值或成本排序值。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，若测量对象的类型包括PID，第一测量任务包括测量两个PID之间的某个测量指标的信息，则第一测量节点可以测量其中一个PID中的多个端点到另一个PID中的一个或多个端点之间该测量指标的信息，将测量得到的该测量指标的多个实际成本值的平均值或中值或最大值或最小值作为这两个PID之间的该测量指标的信息。
步骤1304：第一测量节点上报该测量结果。
在本申请实施例中，第一测量节点向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送该测量结果。
在以请求/响应来上报测量结果的实现方式中，第一测量节点接收信息收集请求，基于该信息收集请求来发送信息收集响应，该信息收集响应包括该测量结果。其中，第一测量节点接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送的信息收集请求。相应地，第一测量节点向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送信息收集响应。
请参照图14对上述以请求/响应来上报测量结果的实现方式再次进行解释说明。图14是本申请实施例提供的一种信息上报方法的流程图。参见图14，ALTO服务器直接向测量节点请求测量结果，或者通过采集器向测量节点请求测量结果。测量节点向ALTO服务器或采集器返回测量结果。并且，ALTO服务器每次都需要通过发送请求并接收响应来获取测量结果。
同理，在跨域场景下，第二测量节点向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送第二测量节点的测量结果。可选地，第二测量节点接收信息收集请求，基于该信息收集请求来发送信息收集响应，该信息收集响应包括第二测量节点的测量结果。其中，第二测量节点接收第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送的信息收集请求。相应地，第二测量节点向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送信息收集响应。
在以订阅方式来上报测量结果的实现方式中，目标ALTO服务器订阅有关于第一网络域 内的测量节点的测量结果的情况下，第一测量节点发送信息发布通知，该信息发布通知包括第一测量节点的测量结果。可选地，第一测量节点向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送信息发布通知。同理，在跨域场景下，第二测量节点向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送信息发布通知，该信息发布通知包括第二测量节点的测量结果。
请参照图15对上述以订阅方式来上报测量结果的实现方式再次进行解释说明。图15是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息上报方法的流程图。参见图15，ALTO服务器在测量策略中直接向测量节点请求订阅测量结果，或通过采集器向测量节点请求订阅测量结果。测量节点在得到测量结果之后，向ALTO服务器或采集器发布测量结果。在第一次订阅之后，ALTO服务器只需接收测量结果即可，无需再次订阅。其中，在测量策略中可以指明周期性全量上报或变化时上报等方式。
步骤1305：目标ALTO服务器获取该测量结果。
在本申请实施例中，在单域场景下，目标ALTO服务器从第一网络域对应的采集器或第一测量节点，获取第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。在跨域场景下，目标ALTO服务器获取第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第二测量节点测量到的结果。其中，目标ALTO服务器通过请求/响应的方式来收集测量结果，或者通过订阅方式来收集测量结果。
可选地，在跨域场景下，目标ALTO服务器第一测量节点和第二测量节点测量得到的结果之后，整合第一测量节点和第二测量节点测量得到的结果，从而得到跨域的网络信息，例如跨域的两个端点之间的网络信息，和/或，跨域的两个PID之间的网络信息。
由前述可知，ALTO客户端可以向目标ALTO服务器发送信息查询请求，从而触发执行上述步骤1301至步骤1305，那么，目标ALTO服务器在获取到测量结果之后，向ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应，该信息查询响应包括上述测量结果。
需要再次介绍的是，目标ALTO服务器在接收到某个ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，但未采集到该信息查询请求所请求查询的目标对象的部分或全部测量指标的信息的情况下，向一个或多个第三测量节点下发单次测量任务(可以直接下发或通过控制器下发)，以指示该一个或多个第三测量节点优先执行单次测量任务来得到上述未查询到的部分或全部测量指标的信息。该一个或多个第三测量节点与上述目标对象相关。目标ALTO服务器获取该一个或多个第三测量节点所测量得到的全部测量指标的信息(可以直接从第三测量节点获取或通过采集器获取)，向该ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应，该信息查询响应包括上述目标对象的全部测量指标的信息。
可选地，ALTO服务器获取的测量结果包括各个测量指标的实际成本值，ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端返回的测量结果包括各个测量指标的实际成本值或成本排序值。或者，ALTO服务器获取的测量结果包括各个测量指标的成本排序值，ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端返回的测量结果包括各个测量指标的成本排序值。
接下来请参照图16对本申请实施例提供的信息采集方法的一个具体实施例再次进行解释说明。
图16是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息采集方法的流程图。在图16中以单域场景为例进行介绍。该信息采集方法包括如下步骤：
1601.ALTO服务器从网络控制器获取网络拓扑信息，并从其他接口获取端点的信息。
1602.ALTO服务器基于获取的网络拓扑信息和端点的信息，对网络中的多个端点进行聚合，以划分PID。
1603.ALTO服务器基于端点信息和/或PID信息，确定并下发端到端的信息测量策略。其中，端到端包括一个端点到另一个端点，和/或，一个PID到另一个PID。ALTO服务器可以直接下发信息测量策略，也可以通过控制器(如网络控制器)下发信息测量策略。
1604.测量节点按照接收到的信息测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到网络信息的测量结果。
1605.ALTO服务器获取步骤1604中的测量结果。其中，ALTO服务器可以直接从测量节点获取测量结果，也可以通过采集器来获取测量结果。
1606.ALTO客户端向ALTO服务器发送信息查询请求，以请求查询成本地图或端点成本。
1607.ALTO服务器从本地信息库中查询ALTO客户端所请求查询的信息。若本地查询成功，则ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端发送服务查询响应(即信息查询响应)，该响应包括查询到的信息。若本地查询失败，则ALTO服务器向测量节点下发端到端的测量策略，并将与该ALTO客户端的请求所对应的测量任务设置为高优先级，从而使得相应测量节点优先执行测量任务。
1608.ALTO服务器获取步骤1607中的测量结果。其中，ALTO服务器可以直接从测量节点获取测量结果，也可以通过采集器来获取测量结果。
1609.ALTO服务器向ALTO客户端发送服务查询响应，该响应包括本地信息库中查询到的信息，以及步骤1608中获取的测量结果。
接下来结合图5所示的系统架构以及步骤1301中的树形结构，将图16所示的信息采集方法细化为包括如下步骤。
1.ALTO服务器在初始化信息准备阶段首先从网络控制器获取网络拓扑信息，并从其他接口获取端点的信息。
2.ALTO服务器基于获取的网络拓扑信息和端点的信息，对图5所示系统中的多个端点进行聚合，以划分PID。如图5所示，共划分4个PID，分别为PID1、PID2、PID3和PID4。
3.ALTO服务器基于端点信息和/或PID信息，确定并下发端到端的信息测量策略。以采用RESTCONF协议下发为例，ALTO服务器向网络控制器发送如下信息：


需要说明的是，在本示例中，测量任务的优先级为1、2、3等数值，数值越小，优先级越高，优先级高的测量任务优先执行。同理，测量指标的优先级为1、2、3等数值，数值越小，优先级越高，优先级高的测量指标优先测量。
可选地，控制器接收到上述信息之后，向服务器发送响应如下：
HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
Date:Tuesday,28 June 2022 16:56:30 GMT
Server:example-server
控制器接着将上述信息测量策略下发到测量节点上。下发形式可以与ALTO服务器相同，也可以不同。
可选地，控制器向与上述信息测量策略中的测量对象相关的测量节点发送该信息测量策略，后续接收到信息测量策略的测量节点执行对应的测量任务。或者，控制器向全部测量节点发送该信息测量策略，接收到该信息测量策略的测量节点基于该信息测量策略中的测量对 象来确定是否需要执行相应测量任务。
4.测量节点按照收到的信息测量策略来执行测量任务，以得到网络信息的测量结果。值得注意的是，测量节点会先比较测量任务的优先级，先执行优先级高的任务(优先级相同的测量任务随机选择一个执行，或者按照策略中测量任务的先后顺序执行，或者按照测量任务的接收先后顺序执行)。测量节点确定了先执行某个测量任务后，再比较该测量任务中测量指标的优先级，先测量优先级高的测量指标的信息，再测量优先级低的测量指标的信息。一个较高优先级的测量任务执行完成后，再执行下一个较低优先级的测量任务。
在本示例中，第一个测量任务和第二个测量任务的优先级均为1，那么，测量节点可以随机选择一个测量任务执行，该测量任务执行完成之后，再执行下一个测量任务。或者，测量节点按照策略中测量任务的先后顺序，先执行第一个测量任务，再执行第二个测量任务。其中，第一个测量任务中优先级为1的双向时延优先测量，优先级为2的跳数后测量，第二个测量任务也是如此。假设其他的某个测量策略包括三个测量任务，优先级分别为1、2、5，那么优先执行优先级为1的测量任务，再执行优先级为2的测量任务，最后执行优先级为5的测量任务。
5.ALTO服务器通过采集器获取测量节点的测量结果。由于信息测量策略中指定测量节点主动上报，即以订阅方式上报，因此，测量节点执行完测量任务之后向采集器发送测量结果。示例性地，测量节点向采集器发送以下信息：

6.ALTO客户端向ALTO服务器发送信息查询请求，以请求查询端点成本(endpoint cost)。以该ALTO客户端为图5所示PID1中的一个endpoint为例，该endpoint的地址为192.0.2.2；ALTO客户端想分别获取到PID2中地址为198.51.100.34的endpoint和到PID3中地址为203.0.113.45的endpoint的关于往返时延(即双向时延)的排序情况，从而基于获取的信息决定向哪个endpoint发起应用服务请求。
该ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求包括如下信息：

7.ALTO服务器收到ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求后，尝试在本地信息库中查找ALTO客户端所请求的endpoint cost服务信息。由于在上述步骤3中，ALTO服务器下发的信息测量策略指示测量了cost map信息(即PID之间的cost)，并没有测量endpoint cost。因此，ALTO服务器在本地信息库查询失败，根据ALTO客户端的请求生成一个端到端的测量策略，并设置该测量策略中测量任务为最高优先级。该测量策略对应的RESTCONF请求报文示例如下：

8.ALTO服务器获取步骤7中的测量结果。测量节点向ALTO服务器发送的测量结果包括如下信息：
9.ALTO服务器将通过步骤8收到的测量结果存储在本地信息库，并向ALTO客户端返回服务查询响应。该服务查询响应包括如下信息：

综上所述，本申请实施例提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，在本申请实施例中，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
图17是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集装置1700的结构示意图，该信息采集装置1700可以由软件、硬件或者两者的结合实现成为通信设备的部分或者全部，该通信设备可以为上述实施例中的任一ALTO服务器。在本申请实施例中，该装置1700应用于目标ALTO服务器。参见图17，该装置1700包括：第一发送模块1701和获取模块1702。
第一发送模块1701，用于发送信息测量策略，该信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，第一网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级；
获取模块1702，用于获取测量结果，该测量结果包括第一测量节点执行该一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
可选地，第一发送模块1701包括：
第一发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的控制器或第一测量节点发送第一网络域的测量策略。
可选地，获取模块1702包括：
第一获取子模块，用于从第一网络域对应的采集器或第一测量节点，获取第一测量节点执行该一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，第二网络域的测量策略包括该一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级；
第一发送模块1701包括：
第二发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第一网络域的测量策略，以及向第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送第二网络域的测量策略；
获取模块1702包括：
第二获取子模块，用于获取第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的第二测量节点测量到的结果。
可选地，该装置1700还包括：
接收模块，用于接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，该信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息；
生成模块，用于基于信息查询请求，生成该信息测量策略，该信息测量策略中的目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。
可选地，该装置1700还包括：
第二发送模块，用于向ALTO客户端发送信息查询响应，该信息查询响应包括该测量结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标；
该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
该测量结果包括第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括测量对象、测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种；
其中，测量对象的类型包括端点和/或PID；
成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果；
测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。
本申请实施例提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，在本申请实施例中，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的信息采集装置在采集信息时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的信息采集装置与信息采集方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
图18是本申请实施例提供的一种信息采集装置1800的结构示意图，该信息采集装置1800可以由软件、硬件或者两者的结合实现成为通信设备的部分或者全部，该通信设备可以为上述实施例中的任一测量节点。在本申请实施例中，该装置1800应用于测量节点。参见图18，该装置1800包括：接收模块1801、执行模块1802和上报模块1803。
接收模块1801，用于接收信息测量策略，该信息测量策略由目标ALTO服务器确定，该信息测量策略包括一个或多个测量任务的优先级；
执行模块1802，用于基于信息测量策略执行该一个或多个测量任务，以得到测量结果；
上报模块1803，用于上报该测量结果。
可选地，接收模块1801包括：
接收子模块，用于接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的信息测量策略。
可选地，上报模块1803包括：
发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送该测量结果。
可选地，该信息测量策略包括一种或多种测量指标；
该测量结果包括测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
该测量结果包括测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
可选地，执行模块1802包括：
确定子模块，用于基于该一个或多个测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序；
执行子模块，用于按照测量任务执行顺序，执行该一个或多个测量任务。
可选地，该信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级；
执行子模块具体用于：
基于该一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序；
对于该一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照测量指标执行顺序，测量任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
本申请实施例提供了一种统一的策略管理，以用于ALTO服务器基于策略来采集网络信息，测量节点按照策略来执行测量任务，这样更有利于信息采集的统一管理。另外，在本申请实施例中，各个测量任务对应有优先级，在测量任务的优先级高于测量节点的待处理任务中其他任务的优先级的情况下，测量节点能够优先执行测量任务，从而提高信息采集效率。
需要说明的是：上述实施例提供的信息采集装置在采集信息时，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。另外，上述实施例提供的信息采集装置与信息采集方法实施例属于同一构思，其具体实现过程详见方法实施例，这里不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意结合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络或其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如：同轴电缆、光纤、数据用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如：红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质，或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如：软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如：数字通用光盘(digital versatile disc，DVD))或半导体介质(例如：固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。值得注意的是，本申请实施例提到的计算机可读存储介质可以为非易失性存储介质，换句话说，可以是非瞬时性存储介质。
应当理解的是，本文提及的“至少一个”是指一个或多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；本文中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能 和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所涉及的信息(包括但不限于用户设备信息、用户个人信息等)、数据(包括但不限于用于分析的数据、存储的数据、展示的数据等)以及信号，均为经用户授权或者经过各方充分授权的，且相关数据的收集、使用和处理需要遵守相关国家和地区的相关法律法规和标准。例如，本申请实施例中涉及到的网络信息都是在充分授权的情况下获取的。
以上所述为本申请提供的实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种信息采集方法，其特征在于，应用于目标应用层流量优化ALTO服务器，所述方法包括：
    发送信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，所述第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，所述第一网络域的测量策略包括所述一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级；
    获取测量结果，所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点执行所述一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送信息测量策略，包括：
    向所述第一网络域对应的控制器或所述第一测量节点发送所述第一网络域的测量策略。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取测量结果，包括：
    从所述第一网络域对应的采集器或所述第一测量节点，获取所述第一测量节点执行所述一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，所述第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，所述第二网络域的测量策略包括所述一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级；
    所述发送信息测量策略，包括：
    向所述第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送所述第一网络域的测量策略，以及向所述第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送所述第二网络域的测量策略；
    所述获取测量结果，包括：
    获取所述第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的所述第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取所述第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的所述第二测量节点测量到的结果。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发送信息测量策略之前，还包括：
    接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，所述信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息；
    基于所述信息查询请求，生成所述信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略中的所述目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标；
    所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
    所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括测量对象、测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种；
    所述测量对象的类型包括端点和/或供应者定义标识PID；
    所述成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，所述数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，所述排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果；
    所述测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。
  8. 一种信息采集方法，其特征在于，应用于测量节点，所述方法包括：
    接收信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略由目标应用层流量优化ALTO服务器确定，所述信息测量策略包括所述一个或多个测量任务的优先级；
    基于所述信息测量策略执行所述一个或多个测量任务，以得到测量结果；
    上报所述测量结果。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收信息测量策略，包括：
    接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的信息测量策略。
  10. 如权利要求8或9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述上报所述测量结果，包括：
    向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送所述测量结果。
  11. 如权利要求8-10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略包括一种或多种测量指标；
    所述测量结果包括所述测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
    所述测量结果包括所述测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
  12. 如权利要求8-11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述信息测量策略执行所述一个或多个测量任务，包括：
    基于所述一个或多个测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序；
    按照所述测量任务执行顺序，执行所述一个或多个测量任务。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级；
    所述按照所述测量任务执行顺序，执行所述一个或多个测量任务，包括：
    基于所述一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序；
    对于所述一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照所述测量指标执行顺序，测量所述任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
  14. 一种信息采集装置，其特征在于，应用于目标应用层流量优化ALTO服务器，所述装 置包括：
    第一发送模块，用于发送信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略包括第一网络域的测量策略，所述第一网络域的测量策略用于指示第一测量节点执行一个或多个第一测量任务，所述第一网络域的测量策略包括所述一个或多个第一测量任务的优先级；
    获取模块，用于获取测量结果，所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点执行所述一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块包括：
    第一发送子模块，用于向所述第一网络域对应的控制器或所述第一测量节点发送所述第一网络域的测量策略。
  16. 如权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述获取模块包括：
    第一获取子模块，用于从所述第一网络域对应的采集器或所述第一测量节点，获取所述第一测量节点执行所述一个或多个第一测量任务后得到的结果。
  17. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括第二网络域的测量策略，所述第二网络域的测量策略用于指示第二测量节点执行一个或多个第二测量任务，所述第二网络域的测量策略包括所述一个或多个第二测量任务的优先级；
    所述第一发送模块包括：
    第二发送子模块，用于向所述第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送所述第一网络域的测量策略，以及向所述第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送所述第二网络域的测量策略；
    所述获取模块包括：
    第二获取子模块，用于获取所述第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的所述第一测量节点测量得到的结果，以及获取所述第二网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器所收集的所述第二测量节点测量到的结果。
  18. 如权利要求14-17任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    接收模块，用于接收ALTO客户端发送的信息查询请求，所述信息查询请求用于请求查询目标对象的至少一种测量指标的信息；
    生成模块，用于基于所述信息查询请求，生成所述信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略中的所述目标对象对应的测量任务的优先级为第一优先级。
  19. 如权利要求14-18任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标；
    所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
    所述测量结果包括所述第一测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
  20. 如权利要求14-19任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括测量对象、 测量指标对应的优先级、成本模式、测量方法、测量触发方式、测量结果上报方式、上报地址、测量执行的超时时间以及测量指标波动的容忍阈值中的一种或多种；
    所述测量对象的类型包括端点和/或供应者定义标识PID；
    所述成本模式包括数值模式或排序模式，所述数值模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的实际成本值，所述排序模式用于指示上报各个测量指标的成本排序结果；
    所述测量方法包括主动测量或被动测量。
  21. 一种信息采集装置，其特征在于，应用于测量节点，所述装置包括：
    接收模块，用于接收信息测量策略，所述信息测量策略由目标应用层流量优化ALTO服务器确定，所述信息测量策略包括所述一个或多个测量任务的优先级；
    执行模块，用于基于所述信息测量策略执行所述一个或多个测量任务，以得到测量结果；
    上报模块，用于上报所述测量结果。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述接收模块包括：
    接收子模块，用于接收第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或控制器发送的信息测量策略。
  23. 如权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述上报模块包括：
    发送子模块，用于向第一网络域对应的ALTO服务器或采集器发送所述测量结果。
  24. 如权利要求21-23任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略包括一种或多种测量指标；
    所述测量结果包括所述测量节点所测量出的全部测量指标的信息；或者，
    所述测量结果包括所述测量节点所测量出的发生变化的测量指标的信息。
  25. 如权利要求21-24任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述执行模块包括：
    确定子模块，用于基于所述一个或多个测量任务的优先级，确定测量任务执行顺序；
    执行子模块，用于按照所述测量任务执行顺序，执行所述一个或多个测量任务。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述信息测量策略还包括一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级；
    所述执行子模块具体用于：
    基于所述一种或多种测量指标对应的优先级，确定测量指标执行顺序；
    对于所述一个或多个测量任务中的任一测量任务，按照所述测量指标执行顺序，测量所述任一测量任务中各个测量指标的信息。
  27. 一种信息采集系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括目标应用层流量优化ALTO服务器和测量节点，所述目标ALTO服务器用于实现权利要求1-7任一所述的方法，所述测量节点用于实现权利要求8-13任一所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质内存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-7任一所述的方法的步骤，或者实现权利要求8-13任一所述方法的步骤。
  29. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品内存储有计算机指令，所述计算机指令被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-7任一所述的方法的步骤，或者实现权利要求8-13任一所述方法的步骤。
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