WO2023285068A1

WO2023285068A1 - Foundation structure of an offshore construction

Info

Publication number: WO2023285068A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/066331
Authority: WO
Inventors: Daniel Bartminn
Original assignee: Rwe Renewables Gmbh
Priority date: 2021-07-16
Filing date: 2022-06-15
Publication date: 2023-01-19
Also published as: DE102021118462A1

Abstract

The application relates to a foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) of an offshore construction (100), in particular a soft-soft*foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802), comprising at least one first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) with at least one wall (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820) which surrounds a first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) and has an inner side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) and an outer side (122, 222, 322, 422, 522, 622, 722, 822), at least one inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) at least partially projecting into the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) with an outer side (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826), and at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) which is arranged in the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818), makes contact with the inner side (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) of the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) and the outer side (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) and has an at least partially oval cross-sectional area.

Description

Foundation structure of an offshore structure

The application relates to a foundation structure of an offshore building (or for an offshore building), in particular a soft-soft foundation structure. In addition, the application relates to an offshore structure, a method for installing a foundation structure and a shell element for a foundation structure.

Offshore structures or offshore devices are increasingly being erected, particularly at sea. For example, offshore wind farms with a large number of offshore structures in

installed in the form of offshore wind energy devices. Offshore locations are usually characterized by relatively continuous wind conditions and high average wind speeds, so that so-called offshore wind farms are increasingly being built.

As a rule, an offshore wind farm has a large number of offshore wind energy devices, such as a large number of offshore wind power plants, measuring masts and/or at least one offshore transformer station. Via the offshore substation, the offshore wind farm can be electrically connected, for example, to an onshore substation or another offshore substation or

Offshore converter station to be connected. An onshore substation, in turn, can be connected to a public power grid.

An offshore wind turbine is set up to convert kinetic wind energy into electrical energy. Energy cables are laid in the form of submarine cables to transmit the electrical energy generated between two offshore wind energy devices or one offshore wind energy device and one onshore device. In offshore structures of offshore wind farms> but also in other offshore structures, it is common for an offshore structure by a foundation (eg monopile, tripod, tripile or jacket foundations) on or in the sea bed, in particular a seabed, to anchor directly. Such an offshore structure includes, in particular, an offshore facility and the foundation that supports the offshore facility, such as a power generation plant arranged on a tower.

Since the production of conventional foundations in the form of monopiles becomes more and more difficult and expensive, at least from a water depth of approx. 60 m, other types of foundation are increasingly used from water depths of approx. 60 m.

So it is known from the prior art to use (fully) floating foundations (also called "floating foundations"). Floating foundations with at least one floating body are anchored to the bottom of the water body by anchor chains, anchor cables or the like. However, regular inspection is required of the anchor chains, ropes or the like is associated with a great deal of effort, in particular due to the great water depths. In addition, damage and failures of anchor chains, ropes or the like occur again and again, for example due to snap loads ("snap loads") be caused by a current.

More promising foundation types, especially for water depths between approx. 60 m and approx. 150 m, are so-called stranded monopiles in the soft-soft frequency range, i.e. the first natural frequency of the foundation is below the first 1P frequency of the turbine, which act like stranded Spar foundations (also called "stranded monopiles") or tower solutions forming a joint (also called "articulated tower solutions"). The latter solution, ie the articulated tower solution, is in particular a foundation with an articulated foundation structure. Such a foundation is also called a soft-soft foundation or soft-soft foundation structure. The concepts mentioned have in common that a (floatable) tower-shaped foundation support element is used, which at least contacts the bottom of the water.

For example, a foundation with a joint-based foundation structure is known from publication US Pat. No. 8,864,419 B2, in which a foundation is arranged on the bottom of the body of water and the tower-shaped foundation support element is connected to the foundation via a joint structure, ie it contacts the bottom of the body of water. In this solution, external anchoring devices placed in the seabed outside of the foundation support element are provided. In particular, anchor elements are connected to the outside of a wall of the foundation support element via anchor connections, so that this solution has similar problems as the previously described (fully) floating foundations.

Furthermore, WO 2019/076586 A1 discloses a foundation with a foundation structure for offshore wind turbines with a joint in the form of a spring and/or damping element, which restores or erects the cylindrical foundation support element or the cylindrical tower section/fuselage section.

However, the joint-based solutions known from the prior art consist of large bushing bearings or hip-joint-like assemblies lined with large elastomeric elements. The disadvantages of the known foundation structures are that they are quite large, have special geometries and/or are difficult to assemble, especially with regard to the offshore location. In addition, the known joint-based foundation structures often do not allow a satisfactory (rotational) movement of the offshore structure around three axes, so that the re-erecting is impaired. Therefore, the present application is based on the object of providing a (joint-based) foundation structure, in particular in the form of a soft-soft foundation structure, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are reduced and in particular an improved movement of the offshore structure in easy to produce way allowed.

The object is achieved according to a first aspect of the application by a (joint-based, in particular spring joint-based) foundation structure of an offshore structure (or for an offshore structure), in particular a soft-soft foundation structure, according to claim 1. The foundation structure comprises at least one first shell member having at least one wall enclosing a first interior space, the wall having an inside and an outside. The foundation structure comprises at least one inner structural element, which at least partially protrudes into the first interior space and has an outer side. The foundation structure comprises at least one first coupling element which is arranged in the first interior space and contacts the inside of the first shell element and the outside of the structural element and has an at least partially oval cross-sectional area.

In contrast to the prior art, a (joint-based) foundation structure is provided according to the application, in which at least one coupling element with an at least partially oval cross-sectional area is provided between an outer shell element and an inner structural element Spring joint provided, which allows improved movement of the offshore structure in a manner that is easy to manufacture. In particular, the design of the foundation structure according to the application allows a satisfactory (rotational) movement of the offshore structure about three axes (in particular two horizontal axes and one torsion axis). Safe erection of the offshore structure can be guaranteed. An offshore structure according to the application is in particular an offshore wind power plant, but is not limited to this. An offshore structure can have a foundation with a foundation structure. A transition piece (also called a "transition piece") can be connected to the foundation. This can in turn carry a tower, at the end of which an offshore device, in particular in the form of an energy generating device, can be arranged. The energy generating device can be formed by a nacelle, which can conventionally include a hub, rotor blades, a generator, etc. The foundation structure according to the application means in particular only part of the foundation, in particular the lower part or the lower end of the foundation in an installation state of the foundation Foundation foot In variants of the application, the foundation structure can also include the foundation.

The foundation structure according to the application comprises at least three components, namely at least one outer shell element or collar element, at least one inner structural element and at least one coupling element arranged between the outer shell element and the inner structural element.

The first (outer) shell element is in particular a tower-shaped hollow cylinder with a circumferential cylinder wall. The two end faces of the shell element can be open. Preferably, the first shell member has a substantially circular cross-sectional area. It goes without saying that a different cross-sectional area can also be present in variants of the application.

In particular, the peripheral wall of the first shell element encloses a first interior space. An inner side of this wall points in the direction of the (in the installation state of the foundation structure, in particular, running vertically)

Central axis of the shell element. An outer wall of this wall faces outward. In an installed state, the first shell element can preferably be (only) partially integrated into the bottom of the body of water. This means that the lower end is introduced into the bottom of the body of water, while the upper end protrudes from the bottom of the body of water and in particular forms the first interior space mentioned.

Alternatively or additionally, the first shell element can be attached to the bottom of the water body by at least one anchoring device (e.g. formed by an anchor or anchor element and an anchor connection, such as an anchor cable or an anchor chain). For example, at least one anchor connection can be attached to the outside of the first shell element. For example, a fastening point in the form of a welded eyelet can be provided on the outside. One end of an anchor link may be attached to the eyelet by staples, splices, etc.

At the other end of the anchor connection, an anchor can be arranged, which can be at least partially introduced into the bottom of the body of water. In this case, the lower end of the first shell element (only) can be placed (essentially) on the bottom of the body of water. It goes without saying that in variants of the application, in addition to the at least one anchoring device, the first shell element can be partially introduced into the bottom of the body of water.

The first shell element (and/or the second shell element) can in particular be formed from a material from the group comprising:

metal, especially steel,

concrete, stranded reinforced concrete fiberglass (fiberglass composite),

Carbon fiber (carbon fiber composite material). These materials (or combinations thereof) are particularly suitable for manufacturing at least the wall of a shell element.

Furthermore, the foundation structure according to the application comprises at least one inner structural element, in particular in the form of a pole. The pile can be a hollow pile, or preferably a solid pile.

The cross-sectional shape of the structural element preferably corresponds to the cross-sectional shape of the first shell element. In particular, the inner structural element can have a circular cross-sectional shape. The outer diameter of the inner structural member is less than the inner diameter of the first shell member.

The inner structural element can in particular be formed from a material from the group comprising:

metal, especially steel,

concrete, stranded reinforced concrete fiberglass (fiberglass composite),

Carbon fiber (carbon fiber composite material).

The inner structural element can be an anchor element of the foundation structure or a foundation support element of the foundation structure or foundation. A foundation supporting element can support the offshore facility at least indirectly. For example, a foundation can be formed from one or two (or more) tower-shaped foundation support elements, it being possible for the tower and/or the transition piece to be connected to at least one of these foundation support elements.

In an installation state of the foundation structure, the inner structural element protrudes into the first interior space or extends through the first interior space. In the installation state of the foundation structure, the central axis of the inner structural element can preferably be identical to the central axis of the first be shell element. The distance between the outside of the inside

Structural element to the inside of the first shell element can essentially be the same or remain the same in the entire interior.

According to the application, at least one first coupling element is arranged in the first interior space between the first shell element and the inner structural element. In the present case, a coupling element assumes in particular a joint function.

In an installation state of the foundation structure, the at least one first coupling element contacts both the inside of the first shell element and the outside of the inner structural element. Contact here means in particular that there is no (gas-filled) cavity between the outside of the coupling element and the shell element or the inner structural element.

The at least one first coupling element has, at least in sections, a substantially oval cross-sectional area (this cross-sectional area lying in a vertical plane when the foundation structure is installed). An oval-shaped cross-sectional area according to the application does not rule out that the outside of the coupling element can have edges or corners. All that is required is that the perimeter encloses a substantially oval-shaped cross-sectional area. The oval cross-sectional area can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. In particular, a sectionally oval cross-sectional area includes an elliptical cross-sectional area, a semi-circular cross-sectional area, and a circular cross-sectional area. According to a preferred embodiment, the first coupling element can be circular at least in sections when the coupling element is in an unloaded state.

According to the application, the at least one first coupling element leads through the contacting arrangement of the first coupling element and the design of the Shape of the first coupling element to freedom of movement of the offshore structure, in particular the tower, about three axes. In particular, the first coupling element is arranged between the inner structural element and the first shell element in such a way that a relative movement of the inner structural element to the first shell element (or vice versa) is made possible.

An improved joint in a soft-soft foundation is provided in a simple manner by the (joint-based) foundation structure according to the application.

According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the outside of the at least one first coupling element can (in an installation state of the foundation structure) contact the inside of the first shell element essentially in a punctiform manner or essentially in a linear manner. Alternatively or (preferably) additionally, the outside of the at least one first coupling element can contact the outside of the structural element essentially in a punctiform manner or essentially in a linear manner. This further improves the mobility of the offshore structure.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one first coupling element can be formed from a material which is more elastic compared to the material from which the first shell element and/or the inner structural element is/are formed. This means in particular that the modulus of elasticity (at approx. 20° C.) of the first coupling element is at least lower than the modulus of elasticity (at approx. 20° C.) of the first shell element and/or the inner structural element. This further improves the joint function of the foundation structure according to the application. Here, the higher elasticity of the coupling element compared to the shell element and/or inner structural element is independently inventive, regardless of the cross-sectional shape of the coupling element.

Particularly preferably, the at least one first coupling element can be at least partially made of a plastic material (in particular a material that is based on a elastic polymer based or consists of this) (e.g. a synthetic rubber material) and/or be formed from natural rubber. In a preferred embodiment, the first shell member may be formed from steel and/or concrete, the inner structural member may be formed from steel and/or concrete, and the coupling member may be formed from a plastic material or natural rubber.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one first coupling element (and/or the at least one second coupling element) can be formed from a material with a modulus of elasticity (also called "Young modulus") (at approx. 20° C.) between 0 5 MPa and 15000 MPa, preferably between 2 MPa and 30 MPa. In addition, the compression modulus (also called bulk modulus) (under normal conditions) of the material of the first coupling element can preferably be less than 5000 MPa. The shear modulus is preferably greater than 0, 3MPa.

For a particularly good joint functionality, according to a preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one first coupling element can be movably arranged in the first interior space and the at least one first coupling element can be clamped or braced between the inside of the first shell element and the outside of the structural element. In the case of variants of the application, only one deadlock or only one movable arrangement can be provided. In particular, the at least one first coupling element can be mounted in a rotationally movable and clamped manner between the inside of the first shell element and the outside of the structural element.

In addition, according to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one first coupling element can be a hollow body that can be filled with a filling material. The filling material can in particular be selected from the group comprising:

liquid, preferably water, gas, preferably air,

Sand,

potting material (grout),

Concrete.

Such a coupling element is particularly easy to manufacture. For example, an enveloping jacket of the coupling element can be formed from a plastic material and/or from natural rubber. Advantageously, such a coupling element can only be filled at the installation site of the foundation structure.

In other variants of the application, the at least one coupling element can also be a solid body, for example made of a plastic material and/or natural rubber, as has already been described.

As has already been described, a coupling element according to the application can have different shapes. According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one first coupling element can be selected from the group comprising: - a substantially spherical coupling element (in this case preferably at least three substantially spherical coupling elements - can be arranged in the first interior space), an Substantially cylindrical coupling element, a substantially toroidal coupling element, wherein the toroidal coupling element can be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane (in an installation state of the foundation structure), and a substantially toroidal coupling element, wherein the toroidal coupling element is arranged in a substantially vertical plane (in an installation state of the foundation structure). The aforementioned forms relate in particular to the unloaded state of a (first or second) coupling element. In the installed state, the shape may change from the unloaded state due to the elasticity of a (first or second) coupling element and/or the wedging of a (first or second) coupling element.

In one embodiment, a plurality of spherical or ball-shaped coupling elements can be arranged (clamped) in an inner space.

Preferably, at least five (and at most 15) spherical or ball-shaped coupling elements can be provided.

Alternatively or additionally, an essentially cylindrical coupling element can be provided, in particular in the form of a solid body or a fillable hollow body. The axis of rotation of the cylindrical coupling element can be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane (in the installation state of the foundation structure). In this case, too, preferably three or more coupling elements (e.g. five) can be provided.

Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, at least one toroidal coupling element can be provided (in particular in the manner of a tire, such as a "trankor tire"), wherein the at least one toroidal coupling element (also called a hollow cylinder element) can be arranged in a substantially vertical plane In this case, the axis of rotation of such a coupling element can be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane.Preferably, in this embodiment, a plurality (e.g. at least three elements) of coupling elements can be arranged.A toroidal coupling element is in particular ring-shaped with a (central) torus opening.

In a further embodiment it can be provided that the respective outer sides of two (immediately) adjacent coupling elements make contact in an installation state of the foundation structure. Furthermore, alternatively or additionally, a toroidal coupling element can be provided, wherein the toroidal coupling element can be arranged in a substantially horizontal plane. In this case, the inner structural element can protrude through the toroidal opening of the toroidal coupling element.

The ratio d _a /d _i of the outer diameter da of a [first or second] coupling element to the distance di between the inside of a [first or second] shell element and the outside of the inner structural element can preferably be between 1 and 1.3, particularly preferably between 1 .05 and 1.2.

According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, an intermediate space [between the coupling elements and/or the inner and outer side mentioned] in the first (and/or second) interior space, which is present in particular in the installation state of the foundation structure element, can be filled with a fluid In other words, there is no filling of a gap with sand, concrete, groud, etc.

As already described, according to a preferred embodiment, a shell element axis or the central axis of the first shell element can run in a substantially vertical direction in an installed state of the first shell element. The at least one first coupling element can be a [single] toroidal coupling element. The axis of rotation of the toroidal coupling element can run in an installed state of the toroidal coupling element in a substantially vertical direction and in particular can be substantially identical to the central axis of the first shell element. In particular, the inner structural element can extend through the toroidal opening of the toroidal coupling element. Furthermore, according to a further preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, a shell element axis or the central axis of the first shell element can run in a substantially vertical direction in an installed state of the first shell element. A plurality of toroidal coupling elements can be arranged in the first interior space. In particular, the outer sides of first coupling elements arranged adjacent to one another can make contact (in sections). The axes of rotation of the respective toroidal coupling elements can run in a substantially horizontal plane in an installed state of the toroidal coupling elements. The respective axis of rotation of the respective coupling elements can run in a respective tangential direction or circumferential direction of the first shell element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, at least one cable-shaped (circumferential) bracing element or tension element (e.g. a tension cable) can be guided tensioned through the respective toroidal opening of the toroidal coupling elements. As a result, permanent pressure is exerted on the plurality of coupling elements. It has been recognized here that this can significantly increase the service life of the coupling elements.

In order to prevent the at least one first coupling element from being able to move out of the first interior space during operation of the offshore structure, for example due to the movements of the offshore structure (in particular deflection and re-erecting), according to a further embodiment of the application The foundation structure comprises a movement restriction element which is arranged above the at least one first coupling element in an installation state of the foundation structure and is set up to prevent movement of the at least one first coupling element out of the first interior space. The movement restriction element can in particular the opening at the top Reduce the end face of the first interior space in such a way (for example to at least less than 90% of the outer diameter d _a of a coupling element, preferably less than 75%] that the at least one coupling element cannot move through the remaining opening.

For example, in a region of the upper edge (at least in a region above the at least one coupling element] of the first shell element, at least one projection that extends partially in the circumferential direction and inwards (i.e. in the direction of the structural element) can be arranged. For example, a (partially) circumferential collar or a plurality of individual projections may be arranged.Alternatively or additionally, at least one projection extending partially in the circumferential direction and outwards (i.e. in the direction of the first shell element) may be arranged at least in the area above the at least one coupling element on the inner structural element. For example, a peripheral collar or a plurality of individual projections can be arranged.

As has already been described, the inner structural element can be an (inner) anchor element that is at least partially embedded in the bottom of the body of water. The upper end of the anchor element in the embedded state can protrude into the (first and/or second) interior space. The first shell element can have a partial section of a foundation support element (described above) of the foundation structure or foundation. Preferably, the (inner) anchor element can be selected from the group comprising:

Anchor pile (e.g. hollow pile or solid pile],

Suction bucket ("suction bucket"),

heavyweight anchor. Particularly preferably, the at least one first coupling element can be preassembled in the first shell element. For example, a (first and/or second) coupling element can be attached via at least one fastening means in the (first and/or second) provided by the (first and/or second) shell element.

be fixed inside.

The advantage of a corresponding embodiment is, in particular, that the anchor element is first introduced in a conventional manner into the bottom of the water with a specific anchoring depth. Then it can

Foundation supporting element installed with the at least one shell element with the at least one pre-assembled coupling element and in particular set or slipped over the upper end of the anchor element protruding from the bottom of the water. The anchor element, which forms the inner structural element, can protrude into the interior and in particular can contact the outside of the at least one first coupling element.

According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the foundation structure can comprise a second shell element (in an installation state of the foundation structure) arranged below the first shell element. The second shell element can comprise at least one wall enclosing a second interior space, wherein the wall can have an inner side and an outer side. The diameter of the second shell member may be less than the diameter of the first shell member. The inner structural element can protrude at least partially into the second interior space. The foundation structure can comprise at least one second coupling element, which makes contact with the inside of the second shell element and the outside of the inner structural element in the second interior space.

In particular, a two-stage joint arrangement can be provided. The second shell element can be formed in accordance with the first shell element in terms of shape and material, so that reference is made to the above statements. The at least one second coupling element can be formed in accordance with the first coupling element in terms of shape and material, so that reference is made to the previous statements.

The at least one second coupling element can contact the inside of the second shell element and the outside of the inner structural element with its outside. In particular, the second coupling element can also have a previously described modulus of elasticity and/or modulus of compression.

The at least one second coupling element can be clamped and/or movably held between the inside of the second shell element and the outside of the inner structural element. In the case of a plurality of second coupling elements, the respectively adjacent coupling elements can preferably make contact or touch one another. This can be supported by a cable-shaped bracing element.

The second shell element can (directly) connect to the first shell element. For example, the second shell element and the first shell element can be formed in one piece. Pre-assembly of the at least one second coupling element in the second shell element is also conceivable here.

It goes without saying that, in variants of the application, at least one further articulated stage can be provided in the foundation structure, for example below the second articulated stage.

According to a preferred embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the at least one second coupling element can comprise, at least in sections, a substantially semicircular cross-sectional area. In particular, a punctiform or linear contact between the Be provided inside of the inner structural member and the outside of the second coupling member in the installation state of the foundation structure. In particular, a planar contact can be provided between the inside of the second shell element and the outside of the second coupling element in the installation state of the foundation structure.

As already described, in one embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the inner structural element can be a foundation support element extending from the bottom of the body of water in the direction of the surface of the body of water. The foundation support member may be configured to support (directly or indirectly) an offshore facility (such as an offshore power generation device).

The cross-sectional area of the inner structural element (ie the foundation support element) can preferably taper (continuously or stepwise) in the direction of the water bed at least in a region of the first (and preferably second) interior space. In particular, the end section of the inner structural element directed in the direction of the bottom of the body of water can be tapered. This supports a movement of the foundation support element back into this position after a deflection from the vertical rest position, ie a re-erecting.

The outside of the at least one first coupling element or the inside of the inner structural element can preferably be lined with Teflon or a similar material, at least in the area of the first interior space. Improved sliding of the tapered structural element back into the upright position can be enabled.

According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the inner structural element can be a foundation support element extending in the direction of the surface of the water, set up to support an offshore facility, the lower end face of the inner Structural element (or the foundation support element) can be formed spherical. This can further improve movement of the foundation support element after it has been deflected from the vertical rest position.

According to a further embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application, the inner structural element can be a foundation support element extending in the direction of the surface of the body of water, designed to support an offshore device, the foundation structure comprising at least one anchor element which is at least partially introduced into the bottom of the body of water, and the lower end of the inner structural element contacts the upper end of the anchor element. In particular, the lower end of the foundation support element or inner structural element can rest on the upper end of the (inner) anchor element, wherein the lower face of the inner structural element (or foundation support element) can be formed spherically. In this case, an O-ring can particularly preferably be arranged on the upper end of the anchor element. This can ensure that the lower end of the foundation supporting element or inner structural element remains on the upper end of the (inner) anchor element even during operation of the offshore structure.

Another aspect of the application is an offshore structure, comprising at least one foundation structure as described above.

The offshore structure can preferably be an offshore wind turbine. According to further embodiments, an offshore structure can also be a (different) offshore wind energy device, such as an offshore measuring mast or an offshore transformer station. Furthermore, an offshore structure can be a drilling or production platform or another platform for the production, conversion or storage of energy, such as an offshore facility in the form of a plant for the production of hydrogen. Yet another aspect of the application is a method of installing a foundation structure, particularly a foundation structure as described above, comprising:

Introduction of an anchor element as an inner structural element in the

water bottom,

Providing a preassembled first shell element with a wall enclosing a first interior space and having an inside and an outside, wherein at least one first coupling element is preassembled in the first shell element on the inside of the first shell element,

Arranging the provided first shell element over the introduced structural element, such that the structural element in the first

Interior protrudes and the at least one first coupling element is arranged contacting the inside of the first shell element and the outside of the structural element in the first interior space.

A soft-soft foundation structure can be easily installed.

Yet another aspect is a shell element for a foundation structure as described above, comprising at least one first coupling element that can be preassembled.

In the case of the foundation structure according to the application, the torsional movement can be permitted either freely, elastically or blocked. In particular, the foundation structure according to the application also uses the effect of the trunk sliding back into the upright position, as has already been described.

The features of the foundation structures, shell elements, offshore structures and processes can be freely combined with one another. In particular, features of the description and / or the dependent claims, including full or partially circumventing features of the independent claims, alone or freely combined with each other, independently inventive.

There are now a large number of possibilities for designing and further developing the foundation structure according to the application, the shell element according to the application, the offshore structure according to the application and the method according to the application. In this regard, reference is made on the one hand to the claims subordinate to the independent claims and on the other hand to the description of exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. In the drawing shows

1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of an offshore structure according to the present application with an exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application,

2a shows a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a cover crop structure according to the present application,

2b shows a schematic sectional side view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2a,

3a shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application,

3b shows a schematic side sectional view of the exemplary embodiment

figure 3a,

4a shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application, 4b shows a schematic sectional side view of the embodiment according to FIG

figure 4a,

5a shows a schematic plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application,

5b shows a schematic sectional side view of the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 5a,

6 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application,

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a

founding structure according to the present application,

8 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of a foundation structure according to the present application, and

9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a method according to the present application.

Similar reference numbers are used below for similar elements. It should also be noted that z denotes the vertical direction and y and y denote horizontal directions.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of an offshore structure 100 according to the present application with an exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure 102 according to the present application. The foundation structure 102 can be the joint-based foundation foot 102 of a soft-soft foundation 103, for example. For example, the offshore structure 100 is an offshore power plant 100. However, the statements can also be applied to other offshore structures.

An offshore wind power plant 100 has an offshore wind power installation 104 with a tower 112 and the foundation 103 with a foundation support element 128 and with the foundation structure 102 . The offshore structure 100 and thus the foundation structure 102 are shown in an installed state.

The foundation structure 102 comprises a first, in particular cylindrical, shell element 106, an inner structural element 108 and at least one arranged between the first shell element 106 and the inner structural element 108 first coupling element 110. The first shell element 106, also called collar element 106 due to its shape, has in the present case a peripheral wall 120 enclosing a first interior space 118 . The wall 120 has an inner side 124 and an outer side 122. An inner side 124 of the wall 120 faces towards the inner space 118. The outer side 122 of the wall 120 faces outward and in particular is surrounded by water.

As can be seen, in the present case the first shell element 106 is partially integrated into the bottom 116 of the body of water. In variants of the application, at least one anchoring device (e.g. anchor plus anchor connection, such as anchor rope or anchor chain) can also be provided in order to attach the first shell element 106 to the bottom 116 of the body of water. In the case of alternatives, the first shell element can also only be placed on the bottom of the body of water and, for example, be fastened to the bottom of the body of water by a plurality of anchoring devices.

In the present case, the inner structural element 108 is formed by the lower part of the foundation support element 128 . As can be seen, the tower 112 adjoins the upper part of the foundation support element 128 . In the case of variants of the application, additional elements can be provided, such as an additional foundation support element, a transition piece, etc. According to the application, it is provided that the at least one first coupling element 110 is arranged in the first interior space 118 in such a way that the at least one first coupling element 110 contacts or touches with its outer side 130 the inner side 124 of the first shell element 106 and the outer side 126 of the inner structural element 108 .

The first coupling element 110 can preferably be held in a clamped or braced manner between the first shell element 106 and the inner structural element 108 . Preferably at the same time, a rotational movement of the first coupling element, indicated by the arrow 134 , is given by the arrangement according to the application between the first shell element 106 and the inner structural element 108 . This movement is supported in particular by the at least partially oval cross-sectional area (in the present case in particular an essentially circular cross-sectional area) of the first coupling element 110 . As indicated by the arrows denoted by reference numeral 132, a movement of the offshore structure 100 about three axes is made possible in particular. A re-erecting of the offshore structure 100 is thereby optimized.

Alternatively or preferably additionally, the first coupling element 110 has an elasticity which is at least higher than the elasticity of the first shell element 106 and/or the inner structural element 108. This means in particular that the modulus of elasticity (at 20° C.) of the material from which the first coupling member 110 is formed (eg, a previously described plastic material or natural rubber) is less than the modulus of elasticity (at 20°C) of the material from which the first shell member 106 and/or the inner structural member 108 is/are formed. The at least one first coupling element 110 can be formed from a material with a modulus of elasticity between 0.5 MPa and 15000 MPa, preferably between 2 MPa and 30 MPa. The compression modulus of the material of the first coupling element 110 can be less than 5000 MPa. The at least one first coupling element 110 can be a solid body or a hollow body that can be filled with a fillable material. For example, the filling material can be a liquid, preferably water, a gas, preferably air, sand, gravel or the like, a grout and/or concrete. For example, an enveloping jacket of such a coupling element 110 can be formed from a plastic material and/or from natural rubber.

It should also be noted that reference number 114 designates the water surface or water line.

2a to 5b show various exemplary embodiments of foundation structures 202 to 502 according to the application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1 are described below and reference is made to the statements relating to FIG. 1 for the remaining elements.

The exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 2a to 5b differ from one another essentially in the coupling elements 210 to 510 used in each case. As can be seen from FIGS , 210.3 arranged in the first interior space 218.

The respective distance between the respective adjacent first coupling elements 210.1, 210.2, 210.3 is essentially the same in the present case. The coupling elements 210.1, 210.2, 210.3 are in particular spherical or ball-shaped.

Furthermore, the ratio d _a /di of the outer diameter da of a coupling element 210.1, 210.2, 210.3 to the distance di between the inside 224 of the shell element 206 and the outside 226 of the inner structural element 208 preferably between 1 and 1.3, particularly preferably between 1.05 and 1.15.

It goes without saying that more coupling elements can also be provided in further variants of the application. A space in the first interior space 218 may be filled with fluid (air and/or water).

As can be seen, (in an installation state of the foundation structure) the outside 230 of the at least one first coupling element 210.1, 210.2, 210.3 can contact the inside 224 of the first shell element 206 essentially at points and the outside 230 of the at least one first coupling element 210 can contact the outside 226 of the inner structure element 208 contact essentially in a point-like manner.

The reference numeral 238 designates the vertical axis or center axis of the inner structural element 208, which is in particular identical to the vertical axis or center axis of the first shell element 206. Since the shell element 206 and the structural element 208 presently have the same cross-sectional shape, the distance da in particular remains the same throughout the first interior space 218 .

In comparison to FIGS. 2a and 2b, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 3a and 3b, a plurality of first coupling elements 310.1, 310.2, 310.3 in the form of cylindrical solid bodies 310.1, 310.2, 310.3 or cylindrical hollow bodies 310.0, 310.2, 310.3 arranged in the first interior space 318.

The respective cylinder axis of the cylindrical coupling elements 310.1, 310.2, 310.3 lies in particular in a horizontal plane. The respective cylinder axes of all coupling elements 310.1, 310.2, 310.3 can preferably lie in essentially the same horizontal plane. As can be seen, (in an installation state of the foundation structure) the outside 330 of the at least one first coupling element 310.1, 310.2, 310.3 can contact the inside 324 of the first shell element 306 essentially linearly and the outside 330 of the at least one first coupling element 310 can contact the outside 326 of the inner structural element 308 essentially in a linear manner.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 4a and 4b, a multiplicity of toroidal bodies 410 are arranged as first coupling elements 410. The axis of rotation of the toroidal body 410 is denoted by 442 in the present case. The respective axis of rotation 442 of the toroidal coupling elements 410 lies in particular in a horizontal plane. Preferably, the respective axes of rotation 442 of all coupling elements 410 can lie in essentially the same horizontal plane.

As can be seen, the toroidal coupling elements 410 are presently arranged in such a way that two adjacent coupling elements 410 are always in contact.

It can also be seen that a circumferential cable-shaped bracing element 440 is preferably guided through the respective torus opening 446 of the toroidal coupling elements 410 in a braced manner. The bracing element 440 can preferably be a revolving traction cable 440 . The traction cable 440 can be made of metal, in particular steel, glass fiber (glass fiber composite material) and/or carbon fiber (carbon fiber composite material). A permanent pressure is exerted on the coupling elements 410 by the traction cable 440 . On the one hand, this can ensure that the position of the coupling elements 410 does not change (significantly) during operation. On the other hand, this can increase the service life of the coupling elements 410, particularly in the case of the above-mentioned preferred plastic materials and/or natural rubber. FIGS. 5a and 5b show another exemplary embodiment of the foundation structure according to the application. A significant difference from the exemplary embodiments in FIGS. 2a to 4b is that only a single coupling element 510, in particular a toroidal coupling element 510, is arranged in the first interior space 518, in particular clamped and/or held in a movable manner.

As can be seen, the inner structural element 508 extends through the toroidal opening 548 of the toroidal coupling element 510. The toroidal coupling element 510 can be formed by a peripheral hose 510 with an oval-shaped, in the present example essentially circular, cross-sectional area. The toroidal coupling element 510 can in particular be a fillable hollow body, but it can also be designed as a solid body. It goes without saying that the individual exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another at least in part. For example, spherical and cylindrical coupling elements can be combined with one another.

FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure 602 according to the present application. In the following, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described and otherwise, to avoid repetition, reference is made to the explanations relating to FIGS. 1 to 5b. In particular, present is a foundation structure 602 with a two-stage

Joint function or arrangement shown. As can be seen from FIG. 6, a second shell element 654 is arranged below the first shell element 606 . The second shell element 654 can comprise at least one wall 656 that is circumferential in the present case and encloses a second interior space 662 . The wall 656 has an inside 660 and an outside 658 .

As can be seen, the diameter of the second shell element 654 is preferably smaller than the diameter of the first shell element 606. In other variants of the application, the diameters mentioned can also be the same size or the diameter of the second shell element 654 can even be larger.

In the present case, the inner structural element 608 protrudes both into the first interior space 616 and into the second interior space 662.

The foundation structure 602 can include at least one second coupling element 674 in the second interior space 662 that makes contact with the inside 660 of the second shell element 654 and the outside 626 of the inner structural element 608 . The function and structure of the second coupling element 674 are at least similar to that of the first coupling element 610, so that the statements relating to the first coupling element 610 can be transferred to a second coupling element 674. In order to avoid repetition, reference is therefore essentially made to these statements.

While the first coupling element 610 has an oval-shaped cross-sectional area in the form of a substantially circular cross-sectional area, the second coupling element 610 can have an oval-shaped cross-sectional area in the form of a substantially semi-circular cross-sectional area. For example, a plurality of second coupling elements 674 or a single, tubular, circumferential second coupling element 674 can be provided.

If, for example, a single circumferential second coupling element 674 is provided, there can be a planar contact between the inside 660 of the second shell member 654 and the outside 676 of the second coupling member 674 may be provided in the installation state of the foundation structure 602. In particular, a substantially linear contact (it is understood that in practice this means an elongate surface contact) between the outside 626 of the inner structural element 608 and the outside 676 of the second coupling element 674 in the installed state of the foundation structure 602 can be provided.

In particular, the present multi-stage joint design can further increase the stability of the foundation. It goes without saying that, if required, at least a third shell element can be provided with a third coupling element.

The at least one second coupling element 674 can be clamped and/or movably held between the inside 660 of the second shell element 654 and the outside 626 of the inner structural element 608 . In the case of a plurality of second coupling elements 674, the respectively adjacent coupling elements 674 can preferably contact one another.

The second shell element 654 can be (directly) connected to the first shell element 606 . For example, the second shell member 654 and the first shell member 606 may be integrally formed.

In addition, in the present exemplary embodiment, a movement restriction element 650 is arranged above the at least one first coupling element 610 when the foundation structure 602 is installed. The movement restriction element 650 is set up and in particular arranged in such a way that movement of the at least one coupling element 610 out of the first interior space 616 is prevented or blocked during operation of the offshore structure. As can be seen, the movement restriction element 650 is arranged at the upper edge of the first shell element 610 and extends in particular in the direction of the inner structural member 608. Preferably, a circumferential movement restriction member 650 may be provided.

In the present case, the inner structural element 608 is formed by a first (inner) foundation support element 670 . The first foundation support element 670 can protrude into a second (outer) foundation support element 672 formed as a hollow pile. The tower and/or a transition piece can be connected to the second foundation support element 672 . The foundation support element 670 and thus the foundation support element 672 are movable relative to the first and second shell elements 606 654 about three axes.

In addition, an (inner) anchor element 666 is arranged here. The anchor element 666 is embedded in the bottom of the body of water 616 with a specific anchoring depth. The upper end of the anchor element 666 protrudes from the bottom of the sea.

The lower end of the inner structure element 608 rests on the upper end. In particular, the respective end faces of the anchor element 666 and the inner structural element 608 make contact. To support the joint function and in particular to optimize the movement options of the offshore structure, the lower end face of the lower end of the inner structural element 608 (or the foundation support element 670) can preferably be spherical can be.

In order to prevent the inner structural element 608 from moving during operation of the offshore structure in such a way that the end of the inner structural element 608 no longer rests on the end of the anchor element 666, an 0-ring 668, for example from a elastomeric material, may be disposed on the face of the upper end of anchor member 666. FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a

Foundation structure 702 according to the present application. In the following, in Essentially only the differences from the previous embodiments described and otherwise to avoid repetition on the

Comments on Figures 1 to 6 referenced.

As can be seen from Figure 7, the foundation structure 702 comprises an anchor element 766. The (inner) anchor element 766, in particular the upper end of the anchor element 766 protruding from the water bed 716, extends in the present exemplary embodiment through the second interior space 762 and the first interior space 718. In other words, the inner structural element 708 is presently formed by the inner anchor element 766.

The first shell element 706 (and in particular also the second shell element 754 in the present case) can be formed by a (lower) partial section of a foundation support element 780 of the foundation structure 702 . As can be seen, the foundation support element 780, in particular the lower end of the foundation support element 780 (presently formed by the second shell element 754, in other variants by the first or a third shell element) rest on the surface of the water bed 716 substantially.

Optionally, anchoring devices 782 can be arranged on the outside 722 of the first shell element 706 . As can be seen, an anchoring device 782 can be formed from an anchor connection 784 and at least one anchor 786 which is at least partially integrated into the bottom 716 of the body of water.

The installation process of a foundation structure 702 according to FIG. 7 is described in more detail below with the aid of FIG. FIG. 9 shows a diagram of a method according to the present application for installing a foundation structure 702 according to, for example, FIG. 7. In a first step 901, an anchor element 766 is introduced as an inner structural element 708 into the seabed 716 at the desired installation site of the offshore structure. For example, anchor member 766 may be rammed or vibrated in in a conventional manner.

In step 902, a preassembled first shell element 706 is provided with a wall 720 enclosing a first interior space 718 and having an inner side 724 and an outer side 722, with at least one first coupling element 710 in the first shell element 706 on the inner side 724 of the first shell element 706 is pre-assembled. In particular, providing a preassembled first shell element 706 can include providing a foundation support element 780 with a first shell element 706 [and, corresponding to FIG. 7, a second shell element 754).

In an upstream step, which can be carried out onshore in particular, the foundation support element 780 can be provided with a first shell element 706 [and, according to Figure 7, a second shell element 754) and the at least one first coupling element 710 [and at least one second coupling element 774) in the first shell element 706 [or the second shell element 754) are preassembled, in particular attached to the respective inner wall.

In a further step 903, the provided first shell element 706 is arranged over the introduced structural element 708 or anchor element 766 in such a way that the [upper end of the) structural element 708 protrudes into the first interior space 718 and the at least one first coupling element 710 is arranged , such that the inner side 724 of the first shell element 706 and the outer side 726 of the structural element 708 are contacted by the coupling element 710. According to Figure 7, step 903 can also include: arranging the provided second shell element 754 over the introduced structural element 708 or anchor element 766 in such a way that the (upper end of) the structural element(s) 708 protrudes into the second interior space 762 and the at least one second coupling element 774 is arranged in contact with the inside 760 of the second shell element 754 and the outside 726 of the structural element 708 in the second interior space 762 .

In other words, the foundation support element 780 can be installed with the at least one preassembled coupling element 710, 774 and, in particular, placed or slipped over the upper end of the anchor element 766 protruding from the water bed 716, so that the anchor element 766, which the inner structural element 708 forms, protrudes into the at least one interior space 718, 762 and makes contact with the outside of the at least one coupling element 710, 774.

Optionally, in a further step, the at least one (outer) anchoring device 782 can then be arranged.

FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a foundation structure 802 according to the present application. In the following, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described, and otherwise reference is made to the statements relating to FIGS. 1 to 7 in order to avoid repetition.

In the illustrated embodiment, the inner structural member 808 has an end portion that tapers continuously toward the body of water 816 (in the illustrated installed state). In other variants of the application, a stepped taper can also be provided.

As can be seen, the cross-sectional area of the inner structural element 808 (ie the foundation support element 890) can change at least in a region of the first (and preferably second) inner space 818 taper (continuously or stepwise) towards the bottom 816 of the water body.

In other words, the inner structural member 608 presently has a taper such that the lower end of the inner structural member 608 has a smaller diameter than the diameter of the overlying portion of the inner structural member 608 and the taper is no more than 45 degrees.

Preferably, the outside of the at least one first coupling element 810 or the inside 826 of the inner structural element 806 at least in the

Area of the first interior space 818 may be lined in particular with Teflon or a similar material that allows the tapered structural member 608 to slide back into the upright position. This supports in particular a movement of the foundation support element 890 back into this position after a deflection from the vertical rest position.

Claims

P atentClaims

1. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) of an offshore

Building (100), in particular a Sofs-Soft foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802), comprising: at least one first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706 , 806) with at least one wall (120, 220, 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820) enclosing a first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) and having an inner side ( 124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) and an outer side (122, 222, 322, 422, 522, 622, 722, 822), at least one in the first inner space (118, 218, 318 , 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) at least partially protruding inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) with an outer side (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726 , 826), and at least one in the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718,

818) and the inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) of the first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) and the outside (126, 226 , 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) contacting the first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710 , 810) with an at least partially oval cross-sectional area.

2. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an outer side (130, 230, 330, 430, 530, 630, 730, 830) of at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) the inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) of the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) essentially punctiform or im Contacted essentially linearly, and/or the outside (130, 230, 330, 430, 530, 630, 730, 830) of the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) the outside (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) are contacted essentially in a punctiform manner or essentially in a linear manner.

3. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) is formed from a material which, compared to the material from which the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) and/or the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) is/are formed, is more elastic.

4. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to claim 3, characterized in that the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) is formed from a material with a modulus of elasticity between 0.5 MPa and 15000 MPa, preferably between 2 MPa and 30 MPa.

5. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) movable in the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718,

818) and/or the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) between the inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) the first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) and the outside (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) is jammed.

6. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) is a hollow body that can be filled with a filling material, the filling material being selectable in particular from the group comprising: liquid, preferably water,

gas, preferably air,

Sand,

potting material,

Concrete,

elastomers.

7. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610 , 710, 810) is selected from the group comprising: a substantially spherical coupling element, a substantially cylindrical coupling element, a substantially toroidal coupling element, wherein the toroidal coupling element is in a substantially horizontal

Plane is arranged, and a substantially toroidal coupling element, wherein the toroidal coupling element is arranged in a substantially vertical plane.

8. foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a shell member axis of the first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) in an installed state of the first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) in a substantially vertical direction, and a plurality of toroidal coupling elements (410) are arranged in the first inner space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818), and the axes of rotation of the respective toroidal coupling elements (410) are installed in one State of the toroidal coupling elements (410) extend in a substantially horizontal plane.

9. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to claim 8, characterized in that at least one cable-shaped bracing element (440) is guided braced through the respective torus opening (446) of the toroidal coupling elements (410). is.

10. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802). in an installed state of the foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) above the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) arranged movement restriction element (650) set up to prevent movement of the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) from the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) out.

11. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) is an anchor element (666, 766) that is at least partially embedded in the bottom of the body of water, and the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) is formed by a section of a foundation support element (780) of the foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802), wherein in particular the at least one first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) is preassembled in the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806).

12. Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802). second shell element (654, 754), wherein the second shell element (654, 754) comprises at least one wall (656, 756) enclosing a second interior space (662, 762) and having an inner side (660, 760) and an outer side (658 ,

758), wherein the diameter of the second shell member (654, 754) is less than the diameter of the first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806), wherein the inner structural member (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) at least partially protrudes into the second interior space (662, 762), and the foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) at least one in the second Interior (662, 762) the inside (660, 760) of the second shell member (654, 754) and the outside (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural member (108, 208, 308 , 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) contacting second coupling element t (674).

13. Offshore structure (100), comprising at least one foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to any one of the preceding claims.

14. Method for installing a foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802), in particular a foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to claims 1 and 11 , full: Introduction of an anchor element (766) as an inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) in the bottom of the body of water,

Providing a preassembled first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) with a wall (120, 220) enclosing a first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818). , 320, 420, 520, 620, 720, 820) having an inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) and an outside (122, 222, 322, 422, 522, 622, 722, 822), wherein at least a first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) in the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806). the inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) of the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) is preassembled,

Arranging the provided first shell member (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) over the inserted inner structural member (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) such that the inner Structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) protrudes into the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818) and the at least one first coupling element (110, 210 , 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810) the inside (124, 224, 324, 424, 524, 624, 724, 824) of the first shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) and an outside (126, 226, 326, 426, 526, 626, 726, 826) of the inner structural element (108, 208, 308, 408, 508, 608, 708, 808) making contact in the first interior space (118, 218, 318, 418, 518, 618, 718, 818).

15. Shell element (106, 206, 306, 406, 506, 606, 706, 806) for a

Foundation structure (102, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602, 702, 802) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 12, comprising at least one preassemblable first coupling element (110, 210, 310, 410, 510, 610, 710, 810 ).