WO2023283822A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023283822A1
WO2023283822A1 PCT/CN2021/106224 CN2021106224W WO2023283822A1 WO 2023283822 A1 WO2023283822 A1 WO 2023283822A1 CN 2021106224 W CN2021106224 W CN 2021106224W WO 2023283822 A1 WO2023283822 A1 WO 2023283822A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
backlight module
incident
axis
optical film
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/106224
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈蔚轩
戴忠勇
蔡文豪
吴俊毅
Original Assignee
瑞仪(广州)光电子器件有限公司
瑞仪光电股份有限公司
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Application filed by 瑞仪(广州)光电子器件有限公司, 瑞仪光电股份有限公司 filed Critical 瑞仪(广州)光电子器件有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/106224 priority Critical patent/WO2023283822A1/zh
Priority to CN202180006828.6A priority patent/CN115812167A/zh
Priority to TW110126470A priority patent/TWI778715B/zh
Priority to US17/852,668 priority patent/US11789192B2/en
Publication of WO2023283822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023283822A1/zh
Priority to US18/461,466 priority patent/US20240004123A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0053—Prismatic sheet or layer; Brightness enhancement element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0051—Diffusing sheet or layer

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical element, in particular to a backlight module and a display device with a special light angle.
  • liquid crystal displays Liquid Crystal Display, LCD
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • televisions higher requirements have been put forward for the backlight technology based on light guide plates.
  • Requirements such as: high brightness, low cost, low energy consumption, light and thin, etc.
  • the viewing angle needs to be extremely wide in the horizontal direction, but the existing backlight module architecture cannot meet the special viewing angle requirements of the car display.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a backlight module that expands the light field and can generate a specific light angle.
  • the backlight module includes at least one optical film and a backlight unit.
  • the optical film has a light incident side and a light exit side opposite to the light incident side, and a plurality of light incident microstructures are formed on the light incident side, and the light incident microstructures are cone-shaped structures.
  • the backlight unit is arranged on the light incident side of the optical film and includes a light source.
  • each light-incident microstructure has multiple sides, vertices, and a central line, the central line is perpendicular to the light-incident side of the optical film, and the apex is located on the central line, wherein The plurality of side surfaces use the vertex as a joining point and make adjacent edges join each other to form a composite surface.
  • the extension direction of the optical film has an X-axis and a Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis
  • the light-incident microstructure has a symmetrical arrangement with the same slope in the direction of the X-axis.
  • the first optical surface and the second optical surface have the same slope in the direction of the Y-axis and the third optical surface and the fourth optical surface are symmetrically arranged, and the incident light microstructure is in a symmetrical pyramid shape.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is that a plurality of light-exiting microstructures are formed on the light-exiting side of the optical film, and the light-exiting microstructures are convex.
  • the backlight unit further includes a diffuser plate for receiving light from the light source, the light source has a circuit board and a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged on the circuit board, and the diffuser plate has a bottom surface and a light-emitting surface opposite to the bottom surface, the bottom surface faces the circuit board, and the light-emitting surface faces the optical film.
  • the backlight unit further includes a light guide plate for receiving light from the light source, the light source has a circuit board and a plurality of light emitting diodes arranged on the circuit board, and the light guide plate has a side surface and a light-emitting surface connected to the side surface, the side surface faces the circuit board, and the light-emitting surface faces the optical film.
  • the optical film includes a substrate layer, a structural layer disposed on one side of the substrate layer, and a diffusion particle layer disposed on the other side of the substrate layer, the incident light Microstructures are formed on the structural layer.
  • Another technical means of the present invention is to define that the extension direction of the optical film has an X-axis and a Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis, and the light-incident microstructures have different slopes in the direction of the X-axis and are arranged asymmetrically
  • the first optical surface and the second optical surface have the same slope in the direction of the Y axis and the third optical surface and the fourth optical surface are symmetrically arranged, and the incident light microstructure is in the shape of an asymmetric pyramid.
  • the backlight module further includes a grating layer located on the light emitting side of the optical film, and the grating layer has a plurality of baffles and a plurality of light-transmitting parts arranged between adjacent baffles , the baffles are arranged at intervals along the direction of the X-axis and obliquely, and extend along the direction of the Y-axis.
  • the light source has a circuit board, a plurality of light-emitting diodes arranged on the circuit board, and a light-transmitting adhesive layer covering the light-emitting diodes, the light-emitting diodes are blue light sources, and the backlight module It also includes a fluorescent film, which is used to cooperate with the LED to convert the blue light source into a white light source, wherein the backlight unit also includes a diffusion plate or a diffusion sheet for receiving the light from the light source.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a display device, which includes the aforementioned backlight module and a display panel disposed on the backlight module.
  • the efficacy of the present invention lies in that, through the structural design of the light-incoming microstructure of the optical film, the light field of the light source is expanded to achieve the purpose of light output at a specific angle.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention, wherein the light source is a direct light source.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another form of the first preferred embodiment, wherein the light source is a side-type light source;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the display device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating that the incident light microstructure is a symmetrical pyramid
  • Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating that the optical film of the present invention can reduce the brightness of the middle viewing angle and simultaneously improve the brightness of the large viewing angles on both sides;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a second preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the optical film of the second preferred embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a third preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating the structure of the optical film of the third preferred embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating the light output angle simulation of the third preferred embodiment.
  • the backlight module of the present invention which includes an optical film 2 and a backlight unit 3 .
  • the backlight unit 3 includes a direct light source 31, a diffuser plate 32 for receiving light from the light source 31, a diffuser sheet 33 stacked on the diffuser plate 32, and a brightness enhancement located on the light emitting side of the diffuser sheet 33. film34.
  • the light source 31 has a circuit board 311 and a plurality of light emitting diodes 312 arranged on the circuit board 311, and the diffusion plate 32 has a bottom surface 321 and a light-emitting surface 322 opposite to the bottom surface 321, the bottom surface 321 faces the circuit board 311, and the light-emitting surface 322 Facing the diffusion sheet 32 .
  • the backlight unit 3 includes a side-type light source 31, a light guide plate 35 for receiving light from the light source, a diffusion sheet 33 stacked on the light guide plate 35, and a diffuser 33 located on the diffuser sheet 33. Brightness enhancing film 34 on the light exit side.
  • the light guide plate 35 has a light incident surface 351 facing the circuit board 311 and a light exit surface 352 connected to the light incident surface 351 , and the light exit surface 352 faces the diffusion sheet 33 .
  • the display panel 36 is disposed on the light emitting side of the brightness enhancement film 34 , that is, a display device is formed. It should be noted that, in order to clearly show the structure of each element, each element is separated from each other, and in actual use, each element is in a state of being closely stacked, and the same is true for the following embodiments.
  • the optical film 2 is disposed between the diffusion sheet 33 and the brightness enhancement film 34 , and is a prism sheet with microstructures formed on both sides. More specifically, the optical film 2 has a light incident side 21 and a light exit side 22 opposite to the light incident side 21 , the light incident side 21 faces the diffuser 33 , and the light exit side 22 faces the brightness enhancement film 34 . A plurality of light-emitting microstructures 23 are formed on the light-emitting side 22 , and the light-emitting microstructures 23 are convex.
  • a plurality of light-incident microstructures 24 are formed on the light-incident side 21 , wherein the light-incident microstructures 24 are cone-shaped structures.
  • the light incident microstructure 24 is a cone-shaped structure with multiple sides, it can The light rays are refracted outward through the multiple side surfaces of the light-incident microstructure 24 to generate a light splitting effect, and make the directional light source of the light emitting diode 312 uniform.
  • the light-incident microstructure 24 is a cone-shaped structure, which is not limited to depressions or protrusions, and can also expand the light field of the light source 31 .
  • the conical structure adopts a concave design, which can avoid scratching the diffusion sheet 33 stacked below it.
  • each light-incident microstructure 24 is a quadrangular pyramid-shaped structure with four sides 241, a vertex P, and a central line C.
  • the central line C is perpendicular to the light-incident side 21 of the optical film 2, and the vertex P Located on the central line C, the four side surfaces 241 use the vertex P as the joining point and make the adjacent edges join each other to form a composite surface.
  • the extension direction of the defined optical film 2 has an X-axis and a Y-axis perpendicular to the X-axis
  • the light incident microstructure 24 has a first optical surface 241a and a symmetrical arrangement with the same slope in the direction of the X-axis.
  • the second optical surface 241b has a third optical surface 241c and a fourth optical surface 241d with the same slope and arranged symmetrically in the direction of the Y axis, so the incident light microstructure 24 is in a symmetrical pyramid shape.
  • each light-incident microstructure 24 has first to fourth optical surfaces 241a-241d, when the light from the light-emitting diode 312 enters the light-incident microstructure 24 of the optical film 2, no matter in the X-axis direction or in the Y-axis direction, In the axial direction, the light can be refracted outward through the side surface 241 to produce a light splitting effect, so that the directional light source of the light emitting diode 312 is uniform.
  • this preferred embodiment uses the optical film 2 to slightly reduce the brightness of the middle viewing angle (that is, In other words, when the viewing angle is between -40 degrees and +40 degrees, the area between the solid line and the dotted line is small), but at the same time, it can greatly improve the brightness of the large viewing angles on both sides (that is, the viewing angle is - 40 degrees to +40 degrees, the area between the solid line and the dotted line is larger), so that the distribution of the light field becomes wider, so that it is suitable for vehicle-mounted devices, and it is suitable for vehicle-mounted models to allow the driver's seat and the passenger seat to watch at the same time Special wide viewing angle requirements are often required by the purpose of the camera.
  • the backlight module of the present invention which includes at least one optical film 4 and a backlight unit 5 .
  • the backlight unit 5 includes a light source 51 , a diffuser plate 52 for receiving light from the light source 51 , a fluorescent film 53 on the light emitting side of the diffuser plate 52 , and a plurality of brightness enhancement films 54 on the light emitting side of the fluorescent film 53 .
  • two optical films 4 are stacked between the diffusion plate 52 and the fluorescent film 53 .
  • the light source 51 is a direct light source and has a circuit board 511 , a plurality of LEDs 512 disposed on the circuit board 511 , and a light-transmitting adhesive layer 513 covering the LEDs.
  • the light emitting diode 512 is a blue light source, and the fluorescent film 53 is used to cooperate with the light emitting diode 512 to convert the blue light source into a white light source.
  • each optical film 4 comprises a substrate layer 41, a structural layer 42 arranged on one side of the substrate layer 41, and a diffusion particle layer 43 arranged on the other side of the substrate layer 41, the structural layer 42
  • a plurality of light-incident microstructures 44 are formed on a side facing the diffuser plate 52 .
  • the light-incident microstructure 44 is a cone-shaped structure.
  • the cone-shaped structure adopts a convex design, and is in the same symmetrical pyramid shape as the first preferred embodiment, which can also make the light field of the light source 31 more expanded.
  • the optical film 4 in addition to achieving the effect of expanding the light of the light source 51 through the design of the light-incident microstructure 44, the optical film 4 meets the requirements of the vehicle model to allow the driver's seat and the passenger seat to simultaneously In addition to the special wide viewing angle requirements that are often required for viewing purposes, the optical film 4 can also make the light passing through the structure layer 42 and the substrate layer 41 produce a better uniform light effect through the diffusion particle layer 43, so as to further homogenize The bright spot area directly above the light emitting diodes 512 and the shadow area between the light emitting diodes 512 are reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of hot spots, and the stacking of two layers of optical films 4 in this embodiment has a double effect.
  • the optical film 4 can greatly improve the light uniformity, it can shorten the light mixing distance required between the light source 51 and the diffuser plate 52 , which is beneficial to the thinning of the overall structure.
  • the filling material such as polycarbonate, Polycarbonate, PC
  • the material cost can be reduced, and the filling can be reduced.
  • the stack thickness of the material can also be conducive to the further thinning of the overall structure.
  • FIG. 8 it is a third preferred embodiment of the backlight module of the present invention, which includes an optical film 6 , a backlight unit 7 , and a grating layer 8 .
  • the backlight unit 7 includes a light source 71 , a diffusion sheet 72 for receiving light from the light source 71 , and a fluorescent film 73 located on the light emitting side of the diffusion sheet 72 .
  • the optical film 6 is disposed between the fluorescent film 73 and the grating layer 8 .
  • the fluorescent film 73 is also used to convert the blue light source into a white light source.
  • the optical film 6 has a light incident side 61 and a light exit side 62 opposite to the light incident side 61 , the light incident side 61 faces the fluorescent film 73 , and the light exit side 62 faces the grating layer 8 .
  • a plurality of light-incident microstructures 63 are formed on the light-incident side 61 , and the light-incident microstructures 63 are cone-shaped structures.
  • the conical structure adopts a concave design, which can avoid scratching the fluorescent film 73 stacked below it. More specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the extension direction of the defined optical film 6 has an X axis and a Y axis perpendicular to the X axis, and the incident light microstructures 63 have different slopes and are arranged asymmetrically in the direction of the X axis.
  • the light-incident microstructures 63 are arranged continuously. In some embodiments, they can also be discontinuously arranged.
  • the adjacent light-incident microstructures 63 are connected in a plane to avoid scratching Fluorescent film 73.
  • the grating layer 8 has a plurality of baffles 81 and a plurality of light-transmitting parts 82 arranged between adjacent baffles 81.
  • the baffles 81 are arranged at intervals and obliquely along the X axis, and extending in the direction of the Y axis.
  • the asymmetric pyramid-shaped design can also deflect the light-splitting to a specific direction, and with the arrangement of the grating layer 8, The light is emitted from the light-transmitting portion 82 of the grating layer 8 . Therefore, as long as the inclination angle of the baffle plate 81 is adjusted, the outgoing direction of the light after passing through the grating layer 8 can be changed, thereby adjusting the distribution of the light field. As shown in FIG. 10 , with the design of this preferred embodiment, the outgoing direction of the light can be deflected to one side.
  • the design of the optical film 6 and the grating layer 8 make The light is deflected in a specific direction, such as providing driving information towards the driver's seat, so as to meet the asymmetrical viewing angle requirements of the vehicle display device.
  • the slopes of the optical surfaces 631 a - 631 d and the inclination direction and angle of the baffle 81 of the grating layer 8 can be adjusted according to different usage environments, so as to meet the requirements of various special viewing angles.
  • the present invention adopts a symmetric or asymmetrical pyramid-shaped structural design for the light incident microstructure of the optical film, so that when the light passes through the light incident microstructure, it can It refracts the light outward to produce a spectroscopic effect, and evens the directional light source to meet the special wide viewing angle requirements that are often required by vehicle-mounted models for the purpose of allowing the driver's seat and the passenger seat to watch at the same time.
  • the asymmetrical pyramid-shaped structural design can deflect the light in a specific direction, such as providing driving information toward the driver's seat, so as to meet the requirements of a special viewing angle, and can indeed achieve the purpose of the present invention.

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Abstract

一种背光模组及包含背光模组的显示装置，背光模组包含至少一个光学膜片（2）及背光单元（3）。光学膜片（2）具有入光侧（21）及与入光侧（21）相对的出光侧（22），入光侧（21）上形成有多个入光微结构（24），入光微结构（24）是锥状结构。背光单元（3）设置于光学膜片（2）的入光侧（21），并包括光源（31）。通过光学膜片（2）的入光微结构（24）的结构设计，能使光源（31）的光场更为展开，以达成特定角度出光的目的。

Description

背光模组及显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光学元件，特别是涉及具有特殊光线角度的背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
随着液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD)在诸如手机、车载显示器、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant,PDA)以及电视机等应用领域的拓展，对以导光板为主的背光技术提出了更高要求，例如：高亮度、低成本、低能耗、轻薄化等。
以车载显示器为例，需要其视野角在水平方向上极为宽广，但现有的背光模组架构无法符合车载显示器的特殊视野角需求。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目的在于提供一种使光场更为展开、能产生特定光线角度的背光模组。
该背光模组包含至少一个光学膜片、及背光单元。该光学膜片具有入光侧、及与该入光侧相对的出光侧，该入光侧上形成有多个入光微结构，该入光微结构是锥状结构。该背光单元设置于该光学膜片的入光侧，并包括光源。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于每一入光微结构具有多个侧面、顶点以及中央线，该中央线垂直于该光学膜片的该入光侧，且该顶点位于该中央线上，其中该多个侧面以该顶点为接合点且使相邻的边缘互相接合而成为复合表面。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于定义该光学膜片的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于该X轴的Y轴，该入光微结构在该X轴的方向上具有斜率相同 且对称排列的第一光学面与第二光学面，且在该Y轴的方向具有斜率相同且对称排列的第三光学面与第四光学面，该入光微结构呈对称式金字塔状。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该光学膜片的出光侧上形成有多个出光微结构，该出光微结构呈凸出状。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该背光单元还包括用以接收该光源的光线的扩散板，该光源具有电路板、及设置于该电路板上的多个发光二极管，且该扩散板具有底面和与该底面相对的出光面，该底面面向该电路板，该出光面面向该光学膜片。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该背光单元还包括用以接收该光源的光线的导光板，该光源具有电路板、及设置于该电路板上的多个发光二极管，且该导光板具有侧面和连接于该侧面的出光面，该侧面面向该电路板，该出光面面向该光学膜片。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该光学膜片包括基材层、设置于该基材层的一侧的结构层、及设置于该基材层的另一侧的扩散粒子层，该入光微结构形成于该结构层上。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于定义该光学膜片的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于该X轴的Y轴，该入光微结构在该X轴的方向上具有斜率不同且非对称排列的第一光学面与第二光学面，且在该Y轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第三光学面与第四光学面，该入光微结构呈非对称式金字塔状。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该背光模组还包含位于该光学膜片的出光侧的光栅层，该光栅层具有多个挡板及多个设置于相邻挡板之间的透光部，该挡板沿着该X轴的方向间隔且倾斜设置，并沿着该Y轴的方向延伸。
本发明的另一技术手段，在于该光源具有电路板、设置于该电路板上的多个发光二极管、及覆盖该发光二极管的透光胶层，该发光二极管为蓝色光源，该背光模组还包含荧光膜，其用来与该发光二极管搭配而将蓝色光源转化为白色光源，其中，该背光单元还包括用以接收该光源的光线的 扩散板或扩散片。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种显示装置，其包含如前所述的背光模组、及设置于该背光模组上的显示面板。
本发明的功效在于，通过该光学膜片的入光微结构的结构设计，使该光源的光场更为展开，以达成特定角度出光的目的。
附图说明
图1是本发明的背光模组的第一较佳实施例的示意图，其中，光源为直下式光源。
图2是第一较佳实施例的另一种形态的示意图，其中，光源为侧入式光源；
图3是本发明的显示装置的较佳实施例的示意图；
图4是说明入光微结构为对称式金字塔状的示意图；
图5是说明本发明的光学膜片能降低中间视野角的亮度，同时提升两侧大视野角的亮度的曲线图；
图6是本发明的背光模组的第二较佳实施例的示意图；
图7是说明第二较佳实施例的光学膜片的结构的示意图；
图8是本发明的背光模组的第三较佳实施例的示意图；
图9是说明第三较佳实施例的光学膜片的结构的示意图；及
图10是说明第三较佳实施例的出光角度模拟的示意图。
具体实施方式
有关本发明的相关申请专利特色与技术内容，在以下参考附图的较佳实施例的详细说明中，将可清楚的呈现。在进行详细说明前，应注意的是，类似的元件以相同的编号来表示。
参阅图1，为本发明的背光模组的第一较佳实施例，包含光学膜片2、及背光单元3。在部分实施形态中，背光单元3包括直下式光源31、用以接收光源31的光线的扩散板32、叠置于扩散板32上的扩散片33、及位于扩散片33的出光侧的增亮膜34。其中，光源31具有电路板311、 及设置于电路板311上的多个发光二极管312，且扩散板32具有底面321和与底面321相对的出光面322，底面321面向电路板311，出光面322面向扩散片32。参阅图2，在另一部分的实施形态中，背光单元3包括侧入式光源31、用以接收光源的光线的导光板35、叠置于导光板35上的扩散片33、及位于扩散片33的出光侧的增亮膜34。导光板35具有面向电路板311的入光面351与连接于入光面351的出光面352，出光面352面向扩散片33。如图3所示，将显示面板36设于增亮膜34的出光侧，即形成显示装置。要说明的是，为了清楚显示各元件的结构，各元件之间互相分离，在实际使用时，各元件之间为紧密叠置的状态，以下各实施例亦同。
参阅图1及图2，在本实施例中，光学膜片2设置于扩散片33与增亮膜34之间，且为双面形成有微结构的棱镜片。更详细地说，光学膜片2具有入光侧21、及与入光侧21相对的出光侧22，入光侧21面向扩散片33，出光侧22则面向增亮膜34。出光侧22上形成有多个出光微结构23，出光微结构23呈凸出状。入光侧21上形成有多个入光微结构24，其中，入光微结构24是锥状结构。当发光二极管312的光线进入光学膜片2的入光微结构24后，由于入光微结构24是具有多个侧面的锥状结构，所以不论是在X轴或是Y轴的方向上皆能经由入光微结构24的多个侧面将光线向外折射而产生分光效果，将发光二极管312的指向式光源均匀化。另外要说明的是，入光微结构24是锥状结构，并不局限于凹陷或凸起，同样都可以使光源31的光场更为展开。在本实施例中，锥状结构采用凹陷状设计，可以避免刮伤叠置于其下方的扩散片33。
如图4所示，每一入光微结构24为四角锥状结构，具有四个侧面241、顶点P以及中央线C，中央线C垂直于光学膜片2的入光侧21，且顶点P位于中央线C上，其中四个侧面241以顶点P为接合点且使相邻的边缘互相接合而成为复合表面。更详细地说，定义光学膜片2的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于X轴的Y轴，入光微结构24在X轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第一光学面241a与第二光学面241b，在Y轴的方向上具有斜率相同且为对称排列的第三光学面241c与第四光学面241d，因此入光微结构24呈对称式金字塔状。
由于每一入光微结构24具有第一光学面至第四光学面241a～241d，因此当发光二极管312的光线进入光学膜片2的入光微结构24后，不论在X轴方向还是在Y轴方向上，皆能经由侧面241将光线向外折射而产生分光效果，使发光二极管312的指向式光源均匀化。如图5所示，相较于一般的背光模组(如虚线所示)，本较佳实施例(如实线所示)使用光学膜片2能小幅度地降低中间视野角的亮度(也就是说，视野角在-40度至+40度之间时实线与虚线之间的面积较小)，同时却能大幅度地提升两侧大视野角的亮度(也就是说，视野角在-40度至+40度之外时实线与虚线之间的面积较大)，使得光场的分布变得更广，以便适于车载装置，符合车载机种要让驾驶座与副座同时观看的目的所时常要求的特殊广视角的需求。
参阅图6，为本发明的背光模组的第二较佳实施例，包含至少一个光学膜片4、及背光单元5。背光单元5包括光源51、用以接收光源51的光线的扩散板52、位于扩散板52的出光侧的荧光膜53、及位于荧光膜53的出光侧的多个增亮膜54。在本实施例中，两片光学膜片4叠置于扩散板52与荧光膜53之间。其中，光源51为直下式光源并具有电路板511、设置于电路板511上的多个发光二极管512、及覆盖发光二极管的透光胶层513。发光二极管512为蓝色光源，荧光膜53用来与发光二极管512搭配而将蓝色光源转化为白色光源。
参阅图7，每一光学膜片4包括基材层41、设置于基材层41的一侧的结构层42、及设置于基材层41的另一侧的扩散粒子层43，结构层42面向扩散板52的一侧形成有多个入光微结构44。其中，入光微结构44是锥状结构，在本实施例中锥状结构采用凸起设计，且呈与第一较佳实施例相同的对称式金字塔状，同样都可以使光源31的光场更为展开。
参阅图6及图7，在本实施例中，光学膜片4除了通过入光微结构44的设计达成将光源51的光线更为展开的功效以符合车载机种要让驾驶座与副座同时观看的目的所时常要求的特殊广视角的需求外，光学膜片4还能通过扩散粒子层43使穿过结构层42与基材层41的光线产生更佳的匀光效果，以进一步匀化发光二极管512正上方的亮点区域以及缩小发光二极管512之间的暗影区域，从而减少热点(hot spot)现象的产生，而且本实 施例中的两层光学膜片4叠置具有加倍的功效。由于光学膜片4能够大幅提升光线均匀度，因此可以缩短光源51与扩散板52之间所需要的混光距离，有利于整体结构的薄型化。同时，由于取消了习知技术中时常在透光胶层513上用来支撑扩散板52与其他光学膜片的填充材料(例如聚碳酸酯，Polycarbonate,PC)，因此可以降低材料成本，减少填充材料的堆栈厚度，也能有利于整体结构的进一步薄型化。
参阅图8，为本发明的背光模组的第三较佳实施例，包含光学膜片6、背光单元7、及光栅层8。背光单元7包括光源71、用以接收光源71的光线的扩散片72、及位于扩散片72的出光侧的荧光膜73。光学膜片6设置于荧光膜73与光栅层8之间。荧光膜73同样用来将蓝色光源转化为白色光源。
其中，光学膜片6具有入光侧61、及与入光侧61相对的出光侧62，入光侧61面向荧光膜73，出光侧62面向光栅层8。入光侧61上形成有多个入光微结构63，入光微结构63是锥状结构。在本实施例中，更进一步得，锥状结构采用凹陷状设计，可以避免刮伤叠置于其下方的荧光膜73。更详细地说，如图9所示，定义光学膜片6的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于X轴的Y轴，入光微结构63在X轴的方向上具有斜率不同且非对称排列的第一光学面631a与第二光学面631b，且在Y轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第三光学面631c与第四光学面631d，因此入光微结构63为非对称式金字塔状。在图9中，入光微结构63连续排列，在某些实施例中，也可以不连续排列，相邻的入光微结构63之间以平面连接，以避免刮伤叠置于其下方的荧光膜73。
如图8所示，光栅层8具有多个挡板81、及多个设置于相邻挡板81之间的透光部82，挡板81沿着X轴的方向间隔且倾斜设置，并沿着Y轴的方向延伸。
当光线通过光学膜片6后，除了可以借助于入光微结构63产生分光效果之外，非对称式金字塔状的设计还可以将光线的分光偏向特定方向，并且再配合光栅层8的设置，光线会由光栅层8的透光部82出光。因此，只要调整挡板81的倾斜角度，就能改变光线透过光栅层8后的出光方向， 进而调整光场的分布。如图10所示，利用本较佳实施例的设计，能够让光线的出光方向偏向一侧。
以应用于车载仪表板为例，由于仪表板上需要显示的信息众多，其显示区域通常为横向延伸的矩形而非正方形，因此本实施例通过光学膜片6的设计并配合光栅层8，使光线偏向特定方向，例如朝向驾驶座方向提供行车讯息，以符合车用显示装置的非对称视野角需求。同时也能视使用环境的不同，调整光学面631a～631d的斜率以及光栅层8的挡板81的倾斜方向与角度，以符合各种特殊视野角的要求。
综上所述，本发明通过光学膜片的入光微结构为对称式或非对称式金字塔状的结构设计，使得当光线透过入光微结构时，在X轴及Y轴方向上皆能使光线向外折射而产生分光效果，将指向性光源均匀化，以符合车载机种为了让驾驶座与副座同时观看的目的所时常要求的特殊广视角的需求。而非对称式金字塔状的结构设计更能将光往特定方向偏移，例如朝向驾驶座方向提供行车讯息，以符合特殊视野角的需求，确实能达成本发明的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，应当不能以此限定本发明实施的范围，即大凡依本发明的权利要求书范围及说明书内容所作的简单的等效变化与修饰，皆仍属本发明的专利涵盖范围内。
【附图标记列表】
2         光学膜片
21        入光侧
22        出光侧
23        出光微结构
24        入光微结构
241       侧面
241a      第一光学面
241b      第二光学面
241c      第三光学面
241d      第四光学面
3         背光单元
31        光源
311       电路板
312       发光二极管
32        扩散板
321       底面
322       出光面
33        扩散片
34        增亮膜
35        导光板
351       入光面
352       出光面
36        显示面板
4         光学膜片
41        基材层
42        结构层
43        扩散粒子层
44        入光微结构
5         背光单元
51        光源
511       电路板
512       发光二极管
513       透光胶层
52        扩散板
53        荧光膜
54        增亮膜
6         光学膜片
61        入光侧
62        出光侧
63        入光微结构
631a      第一光学面
631b      第二光学面
631c      第三光学面
631d      第四光学面
7         背光单元
71        光源
72        扩散片
73        荧光膜
8         光栅层
81        挡板
82        透光部
P         顶点
C         中央线
X、Y      轴向。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种背光模组，包含：
    至少一个光学膜片，具有入光侧、及与所述入光侧相对的出光侧，所述入光侧上形成有多个入光微结构，所述入光微结构是锥状结构；及
    背光单元，设置于所述光学膜片的入光侧，并包括光源。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，每一所述入光微结构具有多个侧面、顶点以及中央线，所述中央线垂直于所述光学膜片的所述入光侧，且所述顶点位于所述中央线上，其中，所述多个侧面以所述顶点为接合点且使相邻的边缘互相接合而成为复合表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，定义所述光学膜片的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于所述X轴的Y轴，所述入光微结构在所述X轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第一光学面与第二光学面，且在所述Y轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第三光学面与第四光学面，所述入光微结构呈对称式金字塔状。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光学膜片的出光侧上形成有多个出光微结构，所述出光微结构呈凸出状。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光单元还包括用以接收所述光源的光线的扩散板，所述光源具有电路板、及设置于所述电路板上的多个发光二极管，且所述扩散板具有底面和与所述底面相对的出光面，所述底面面向所述电路板，所述出光面面向所述光学膜片。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光单元还包括用以接收所述光源的光线的导光板，所述光源具有电路板、及设置于所述电路板上的多个发光二极管，且所述导光板具有侧面与连接于所述侧面的出光面，所述侧面面向所述电路板，所述出光面面向所述光学膜片。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述光学膜片包括基材层、设置于所述基材层的一侧的结构层、及设置于所述基材层的另一侧的扩散粒子层，所述入光微结构形成于所述结构层上。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，定义所述光学膜片的延伸方向具有X轴、及垂直于所述X轴的Y轴，所述入光微结构在所述X轴的方向上具有斜率不同且非对称排列的第一光学面与第二光学面，且在所述Y轴的方向上具有斜率相同且对称排列的第三光学面与第四光学面，所述入光微结构呈非对称式金字塔状。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述背光模组还包含位于所述光学膜片的出光侧的光栅层，所述光栅层具有多个挡板、及多个设置于相邻挡板之间的透光部，所述挡板沿着所述X轴的方向间隔且倾斜设置，并沿着所述Y轴的方向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源具有电路板、设置于所述电路板上的多个发光二极管、及覆盖所述发光二极管的透光胶层，所述发光二极管为蓝色光源，所述背光单元还包含荧光膜、及用以接收所述光源的光线的扩散板或扩散片，所述荧光膜用来与所述发光二极管搭配而将蓝色光源转化为白色光源。
  11. 一种显示装置，包括：
    根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的背光模组；及
    显示面板，其设置于所述背光模组上。
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